Using ADOBE PHOTOSHOP CS4 ® ®
Last updated 1/10/2010 © 2008 Adobe Systems Incorporated and its licensors. All rights reserved. Copyright Using Adobe® Photoshop® CS4 for Windows® and Mac OS This user guide is protected under copyright law, furnished for informational use only, is subject to change without notice, and should not be construed as a commitment by Adobe Systems Incorporated.
iii Last updated 1/10/2010 Contents Chapter 1: Resources Activation and registration Help and support ............................................................................................ 1 ...................................................................................................... 2 Services, downloads, and extras What’s new in Photoshop CS4 ........................................................................................ 3 .....................................................
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 iv Last updated 1/10/2010 Contents Color-managing imported images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 Color-managing documents for online viewing Proofing colors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 v Last updated 1/10/2010 Contents Chapter 11: Painting Painting tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332 Brush presets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 vi Last updated 1/10/2010 Contents Printing duotones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 494 Printing spot colors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 vii Contents Chapter 22: Keyboard shortcuts Customizing keyboard shortcuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 654 Default keyboard shortcuts Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Last updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 1: Resources Before you begin working with your software, take a few moments to read an overview of activation and the many resources available to you. You have access to instructional videos, plug-ins, templates, user communities, seminars, tutorials, RSS feeds, and much more. Activation and registration Help with installation For help with installation issues, see the Installation Support Center at www.adobe.com/go/cs4install.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 2 Resources ReadMe A ReadMe file for your software is available on-line and on the installation disc. Open the file to read important information about topics such as the following: • System requirements • Installation (including uninstalling the software) • Activation and registration • Font installation • Troubleshooting • Customer support • Legal notices Help and support Community Help Community Help is an integrated environment on Adobe.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 3 Last updated 1/10/2010 Resources If you’re not connected to the Internet, the Help menu within the product opens local Help, a subset of the content available in on-line product Help. Because local Help is not as complete or up-to-date as on-line product Help, Adobe recommends that you use the PDF version of product Help if you want to stay offline.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 4 Resources Adobe Exchange Visit the Adobe Exchange at www.adobe.com/go/exchange to download samples as well as thousands of plug-ins and extensions from Adobe and third-party developers. The plug-ins and extensions can help you automate tasks, customize workflows, create specialized professional effects, and more. Adobe downloads Visit www.adobe.com/go/downloads to find free updates, tryouts, and other useful software. Adobe Labs Adobe Labs at www.adobe.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 5 Resources Masks panel Quickly create precise masks in the Masks panel. The Masks panel offers tools and options for creating editable pixeland vector-based masks, adjusting mask density and feathering, and selecting non-contiguous objects. See “Masking layers” on page 323. Advanced compositing Create more accurate composites using the enhanced Auto-Align Layers command, and use the spherical alignment to create 360-degree panoramas.
Last updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 2: Workspace The Adobe® Photoshop® CS4 workspace is arranged to help you focus on creating and editing images. The workspace includes menus and a variety of tools and panels for viewing, editing, and adding elements to your images. For a video on editing and merging images from Lightroom, see www.adobe.com/go/lrvid4001_ps. Workspace basics Workspace overview You create and manipulate your documents and files using various elements, such as panels, bars, and windows.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 7 Last updated 1/10/2010 Workspace A B C D E G F H Default Illustrator workspace A. Tabbed Document windows B. Application bar C. Workspace switcher D. Panel title bar E. Control panel F. Tools panel G. Collapse To Icons button H. Four panel groups in vertical dock • The Application bar across the top contains a workspace switcher, menus (Windows only), and other application controls. On the Mac for certain products, you can show or hide it using the Window menu.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 8 Last updated 1/10/2010 Workspace • On the Mac, the Application frame groups all the workspace elements in a single, integrated window that lets you treat the application as a single unit. When you move or resize the Application frame or any of its elements, all the elements within it respond to each other so none overlap. Panels don’t disappear when you switch applications or when you accidentally click out of the application.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 9 Workspace A B C Narrow blue drop zone indicates Color panel will be docked on its own above the Layers panel group. A. Title bar B. Tab C. Drop zone In Photoshop, you can change the font size of the text in the Control panel, in the panels, and in tool tips. Choose a size from the UI Font Size menu in Interface preferences. Manage Document windows When you open more than one file, the Document windows are tabbed.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 10 Workspace Navigator panel being dragged out to new dock, indicated by blue vertical highlight Navigator panel now in its own dock You can prevent panels from filling all the space in a dock. Drag the bottom edge of the dock up so it no longer meets the edge of the workspace. Move panels As you move panels, you see blue highlighted drop zones, areas where you can move the panel.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 11 Workspace Manipulate panel groups • To move a panel into a group, drag the panel’s tab to the highlighted drop zone in the group. Adding a panel to a panel group • To rearrange panels in a group, drag a panel’s tab to a new location in the group. • To remove a panel from a group so that it floats freely, drag the panel by its tab outside the group. • To move a group, drag the title bar (the area above the tabs).
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 12 Workspace Panels collapsed to icons Panels expanded from icons • To collapse or expand all panel icons in a dock, click the double arrow at the top of the dock. • To expand a single panel icon, click it. • To resize panel icons so that you see only the icons (and not the labels), adjust the width of the dock until the text disappears. To display the icon text again, make the dock wider.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 13 Workspace Save a custom workspace 1 With the workspace in the configuration you want to save, do one of the following: • (Photoshop, Illustrator) Choose Window > Workspace > Save Workspace. • (InDesign, InCopy) Choose Window > Workspace > New Workspace. • (Dreamweaver) Choose Window > Workspace Layout > New Workspace. • (Flash) Choose New Workspace from the workspace switcher in the Application bar.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 14 Last updated 1/10/2010 Workspace Adobe Bridge Adobe® Bridge is a cross-platform application included with Adobe® Creative Suite® 4 components. Adobe Bridge helps you locate, organize, and browse assets for print, web, video, and mobile content creation. You can start Bridge from most Creative Suite components, and use it to access both Adobe and non-Adobe assets.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 15 Workspace More Help topics “About scrubby sliders” on page 15 About pop-up sliders Some panels, dialog boxes, and options bars contain settings that use pop-up sliders (for example, the Opacity option in the Layers panel). If there is a triangle next to the text box, you can activate the pop-up slider by clicking the triangle.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 16 Last updated 1/10/2010 Workspace A B Viewing the Brush pop-up panel in the options bar A. Click to show the pop-up panel. B. Click to view the pop-up panel menu. Rename or delete an item in a pop-up panel ❖ Select an item, click the triangle in the upper right corner of the pop-up panel, and choose one of the following: Rename Tool Preset Lets you enter a new name for the item. Delete Tool Preset Deletes an item in the pop-up panel.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 17 Last updated 1/10/2010 Workspace Display context menus Context menus display commands relevant to the active tool, selection, or panel. They are distinct from the menus across the top of the workspace. Viewing the context menu for the Eyedropper tool 1 Position the pointer over an image or panel item. 2 Right-click (Windows) or Control-click (Mac OS). Define a set of menus 1 Do one of the following: • Choose Edit > Menus.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 18 Last updated 1/10/2010 Workspace Choosing a color for a menu item using the Keyboard Shortcuts & Menus dialog box Delete a set of menus 1 Do one of the following: • Choose Edit > Menus. • Choose Window > Workspace > Keyboard Shortcuts & Menus and click the Menu tab. 2 In the Keyboard Shortcuts & Menus dialog box, choose a set of menus from the Set menu. 3 Click the Delete Set icon .
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 19 Last updated 1/10/2010 Workspace You can view information about any tool by positioning the pointer over it. The name of the tool appears in a tool tip below the pointer.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 20 Last updated 1/10/2010 Workspace Selection tools gallery The marquee tools make rectangular, elliptical, single row, and single column selections. The Move tool moves selections, layers, and guides. The lasso tools make freehand, polygonal (straight-edged), and magnetic (snap-to) selections. The Magic Wand tool selects similarly colored areas. More Help topics “Making selections” on page 251 Crop and slice tools gallery The Crop tool trims images.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 21 Last updated 1/10/2010 Workspace Retouching tools gallery The Spot Healing Brush tool removes blemishes and objects The Healing Brush tool paints with a sample or pattern to repair imperfections in a image. The Patch tool repairs imperfections in a selected area of an image using a sample or pattern. The Red Eye tool removes the red reflection caused by a flash. The Clone Stamp tool paints with a sample of an image.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 22 Last updated 1/10/2010 Workspace Painting tools gallery The Brush tool paints brush strokes. The Pencil tool paints hardedged strokes. The Color Replacement tool replaces a selected color with a new color. The Art History brush tool paints with stylized strokes that simulate the look of different paint styles, using a selected state or snapshot. The gradient tools create straight-line, radial, angle, reflected, and diamond blends between colors.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 23 Last updated 1/10/2010 Workspace The shape tools and Line tool draw shapes and lines in a normal layer or a shape layer. The Custom Shape tool makes customized shapes selected from a custom shape list. More Help topics “Drawing” on page 364 “Creating type” on page 410 Notes, measuring and navigation tools gallery The Eyedropper tool samples colors in an image. The Ruler tool measures distances, locations, and angles. The Hand tool moves an image within its window.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 24 Last updated 1/10/2010 Workspace 3D tools (Photoshop Extended) The 3D Rotate tool rotates the model around its x-axis (moves the object not the camera). The 3D Roll tool rotates the model around its z-axis (moves the object not the camera). The 3D Pan tool pans the camera in the x or y direction (moves the object, not the camera). The 3D Slide tool drags side to side to move the model horizontally, or up and down to move the model closer or farther away.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 25 Last updated 1/10/2010 Workspace D A E B C F Using the selecting tools A. Tools panel B. Active tool C. Hidden tools D. Tool name E. Tool shortcut F. Hidden tool triangle Cycle through hidden tools By default, you cycle through a set of hidden tools by holding down Shift and repeatedly pressing a tool shortcut key. If you prefer to cycle through tools without holding down Shift, you can disable this preference.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 26 Workspace Resize or change hardness of painting cursors by dragging You can resize or change the hardness of a painting cursor by dragging in the image. As you drag, you preview both the size and hardness of the painting tool. ❖ Do one of the following: • To resize a cursor, right-click + Alt (Windows) or Control + Option (Mac OS) and drag to the left or right.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 27 Last updated 1/10/2010 Workspace Create a tool preset 1 Choose a tool, and set the options you want to save as a tool preset in the options bar. 2 Do one of the following: • Click the Tool Preset button next to the tool at the left of the options bar. • Choose Window > Tool Presets to display the Tool Presets panel. 3 Do one of the following: • Click the Create New Tool Preset button . • Choose New Tool Preset from the panel menu.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 28 Workspace • Select the Hand tool and drag to pan over the image. To use the Hand tool while another tool is selected, hold down the spacebar as you drag in the image. If your computer has OpenGL, you can use the Hand tool to “flick pan” the image in the direction you want to view. After a quick mouse gesture, the image will move as if you were continuously dragging.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 29 Last updated 1/10/2010 Workspace To simultaneously set the size and position of the proxy area, Control-drag (Windows) or Command-drag (Mac OS) in the image thumbnail. • To change the color of the proxy view area, select Panel Options from the panel menu. Select a preset color from the Color pop-up menu, or click the color box to choose a custom color. A B C D E F G Navigator panel A. Panel menu button B. Thumbnail display of artwork C. Proxy preview area D. Zoom text box E.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 30 Workspace Set Zoom tool preferences Some of the Zoom tool preferences require that your computer has OpenGL. If your computer has OpenGL, be sure to enable it in Photoshop. Choose Edit > Preferences > Performance (Windows) or Photoshop > Preferences > Performance (Mac OS), and then select Enable OpenGL Drawing under the GPU Settings.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 31 Workspace 2 Release the mouse button and then the H key. The image returns to the previous magnification and tool. Automatically resize the window when zooming ❖ With the Zoom tool active, select Resize Windows To Fit in the options bar. The window is resized when you magnify or reduce the view of the image. When Resize Windows To Fit is deselected (the default), the window maintains a constant size regardless of the image magnification.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 32 Workspace Float in Window Allows image to float freely. Float All in Windows Floats all images. Consolidate All to Tabs Shows one image in full screen and minimizes the other images to tabs. You can use the Hand tool’s Scroll All Windows option to scroll through all open images. Select it in the options bar and drag in one image to scroll through all visible images.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 33 Last updated 1/10/2010 Workspace The Info panel displays the following information: • Depending on the option you specify, the Info panel displays 8-bit, 16-bit, or 32-bit values. • When displaying CMYK values, the Info panel displays an exclamation point next to the CMYK values if the color beneath the pointer or color sampler is out of the printable CMYK color gamut.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 34 Workspace Change the Info panel options 1 Click the triangle in the upper right corner to open the Info panel menu and choose Panel Options. 2 In the Info Panel Options dialog box, for First Color Readout, choose one of the following display options: Actual Color Displays values in the current color mode of the image. Proof Color Displays values for the output color space of the image. A color mode Displays the color values in that color mode.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 35 Workspace 6 (Optional) Select Show Tool Hints to display a hint for using a selected tool at the bottom of the Info panel. 7 Click OK. To change measurement units, click the crosshair icon in the Info panel and choose from the menu.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 36 Workspace Click the file information area of the status bar to display document width, height, channels, and resolution. Controlclick (Windows) or Command-click (Mac OS), to display tile width and height. More Help topics “Adjust dynamic range view for HDR images” on page 75 Duplicate an image You can duplicate an entire image (including all layers, layer masks, and channels) into available memory without saving to disk.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 37 Workspace Dragging to create new ruler origin More Help topics “Use snapping” on page 40 Change the unit of measurement 1 Do one of the following: • Double-click a ruler. • (Windows) Choose Edit > Preferences > Units & Rulers, or right-click the ruler and then choose a new unit from the context menu. • (Mac OS) Choose Photoshop > Preferences > Units & Rulers, or Control-click the ruler and then choose a new unit from the context menu.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 38 Workspace • The angle measured relative to the axis (A) • The total length traveled (D1) • The two lengths traveled (D1 and D2), when you use a protractor All measurements except the angle are calculated in the unit of measure currently set in the Units & Rulers preference dialog box. If your document has an existing measuring line, selecting the Ruler tool causes it to be displayed. Measure between two points 1 Select the Ruler tool .
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 39 Last updated 1/10/2010 Workspace Show or hide a grid, guides, or smart guides ❖ Do one of the following: • Choose View > Show > Grid. • Choose View > Show > Guides. • View > Show > Smart Guides. • Choose View > Extras. This command also shows or hides layer edges, selection edges, target paths, and slices. Place a guide 1 If the rulers are not visible, choose View > Rulers. Note: For the most accurate readings, view the image at 100% magnification or use the Info panel.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 40 Workspace Remove guides from the image ❖ Do one of the following: • To remove a single guide, drag the guide outside the image window. • To remove all guides, choose View > Clear Guides. Set guide and grid preferences 1 Do one of the following: • (Windows) Choose Edit > Preferences > Guides, Grid, & Slices. • (Mac OS) Choose Photoshop > Preferences > Guides, Grid, & Slices. 2 For Color, choose a color for the guides, the grid, or both.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 41 Workspace Show or hide Extras Guides, grid, target paths, selection edges, slices, text bounds, text baselines, and text selections are nonprinting Extras that help you select, move, or edit images and objects. You can turn on or off an Extra or any combination of Extras without affecting the image. You can also show or hide Extras by choosing the Extras command in the View menu. Hiding Extras only suppresses the display of Extras.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 42 Workspace Rearranging tool presets in the Preset Manager Note: To delete a preset in the Preset Manager, select the preset and click Delete. You can always use the Reset command to restore the default items in a library. Load a library of preset items ❖ Do one of the following: • Click the triangle to the right of the Preset Type pop-up menu and then choose a library file from the bottom of the panel menu.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 43 Workspace • To save a subset of the current list as a library, hold down Shift, and select the items you want to save. 2 Click Save Set, choose a location for the library, enter a file name, and click Save. You can save the library anywhere. However, if you place the library file in the appropriate Presets folder in the default preset location, the library name will appear at the bottom of the panel menu after you restart Photoshop.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 44 Workspace Open a preferences dialog box 1 Do one of the following: • (Windows) Choose Edit > Preferences and choose the desired preference set from the submenu. • (Mac OS) Choose Photoshop > Preferences, and then choose the desired preference set from the submenu. 2 To switch to a different preference set, do one of the following: • Choose the preference set from the menu at the left of the dialog box.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 45 Workspace Install a plug-in module In Mac OS, you cannot run Photoshop in the Classic environment. Plug-ins originally intended to work on Mac OS 9 won’t appear. ❖ Do one of the following: • To install an Adobe Systems plug-in module, use the plug-in installer, if provided. In Windows, you can also install or copy the module into the appropriate Plug-ins folder in the Photoshop program folder.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 46 Last updated 1/10/2010 Workspace Revert to the last saved version ❖ Choose File > Revert. Note: Revert is added as a history state in the History panel and can be undone. Restore part of an image to its previously saved version ❖ Do one of the following: • Use the History Brush tool • Use the Eraser tool to paint with the selected state or snapshot on the History panel. with the Erase To History option selected. • Select the area you want to restore, and choose Edit > Fill.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 47 Workspace A B C D Photoshop History panel A. Sets the source for the history brush B. Thumbnail of a snapshot C. History state D. History state slider Keep the following in mind when using the History panel: • Program-wide changes, such as changes to panels, color settings, actions, and preferences, are not reflected in the History panel, because they are not changes to a particular image. • By default, the History panel lists the previous 20 states.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 48 Last updated 1/10/2010 Workspace Delete one or more image states ❖ Do one of the following: • Click the name of the state, and choose Delete from the History panel menu to delete that change and those that came after it. • Drag the state to the Delete icon to delete that change and those that came after it. • Choose Clear History from the panel menu to delete the list of states from the History panel, without changing the image.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 49 Workspace Make Layer Visibility Changes Undoable By default, turning layer visibility on or off is not recorded as a history step and therefore can’t be undone. Select this option to include layer visibility changes in history steps. Set Edit History Log options You may need to keep careful track of what’s been done to a file in Photoshop, either for your own records, client records, or legal purposes.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 50 Workspace • With snapshots, you can recover your work easily. When you experiment with a complex technique or apply an action, take a snapshot first. If you’re not satisfied with the results, you can select the snapshot to undo all the steps. Note: Snapshots are not saved with the image—closing an image deletes its snapshots.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 51 Last updated 1/10/2010 Workspace The History Brush tool copies from one state or snapshot to another, but only at the same location. In Photoshop, you can also paint with the Art History Brush tool to create special effects. 1 Select the History Brush tool . 2 Do one of the following in the options bar: • Specify the opacity and blending mode. • Choose a brush and set brush options.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 52 Workspace To ensure optimal performance, only local drives are available as scratch disks. 2 Click OK. 3 To apply the changes, restart Photoshop. Specify history and cache settings ❖ In Performance preferences, do any of the following: • To specify how many states the History panel displays by default, click the triangle on the History States menu and drag the slider. • To specify the cache level Photoshop uses, drag the Cache Level slider.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 53 Last updated 1/10/2010 Workspace Manage connections to web services In Adobe® Creative Suite® 4, the Connections panel lets you manage connections to web services and the locally installed extensions that interact with them. The Connections panel itself is an extension. Additional extensions installed with Creative Suite applications include the following: Adobe ConnectNow Collaborate with dispersed working teams over the web, sharing voice, data, and multimedia.
54 Last updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 3: Opening and importing images Adobe® Photoshop® CS4 can open and import many types of graphic files. To work effectively, you should understand basic imaging concepts, and how to acquire, import, and resize images. Image essentials About bitmap images Bitmap images—technically called raster images—use a rectangular grid of picture elements (pixels) to represent images. Each pixel is assigned a specific location and color value.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 55 Opening and importing images The vector objects you create using the drawing and shape tools in Adobe Creative Suite are examples of vector graphics. You can use the Copy and Paste commands to duplicate vector graphics between Creative Suite components.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 56 Last updated 1/10/2010 Opening and importing images RGB images are made of three color channels. An 8-bit per pixel RGB image has 256 possible values for each channel which means it has over 16 million possible color values. RGB images with 8-bits per channel (bpc) are sometimes called 24-bit images (8 bits x 3 channels = 24 bits of data for each pixel). In addition to 8-bpc images, Photoshop can also work with images that contain 16-bpc or 32-bpc.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 57 Last updated 1/10/2010 Opening and importing images Same image at 72-ppi and 300-ppi; inset zoom 200% Unless an image is resampled (see “Resampling” on page 59), the amount of image data remains constant as you change either the pixel dimension or resolution. For example, if you change the resolution of a file, its width and height change accordingly to maintain the same amount of image data.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 58 Last updated 1/10/2010 Opening and importing images Quickly display the current image size If you want to quickly display a document’s current image size, use the information box at the bottom of the document window. ❖ Position the pointer over the file information box, and hold down the mouse button.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 59 Last updated 1/10/2010 Opening and importing images Screen frequency is the number of printer dots or halftone cells per inch used to print grayscale images or color separations. Also known as screen ruling or line screen, screen frequency is measured in lines per inch (lpi)—or lines of cells per inch in a halftone screen. The higher the resolution of the output device, the finer (higher) a screen ruling you can use.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 60 Last updated 1/10/2010 Opening and importing images A B C Resampling pixels A. Downsampled B. Original C. Resampled up (selected pixels displayed for each set of images) Keep in mind that resampling can result in poorer image quality. For example, when you resample an image to larger pixel dimensions, the image loses some detail and sharpness. Applying the Unsharp Mask filter to a resampled image can help refocus the image details.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 61 Opening and importing images You can specify a default interpolation method to use whenever Photoshop resamples image data. Choose Edit > Preferences > General (Windows) or Photoshop > Preferences > General (Mac OS), and then choose a method from the Image Interpolation Methods menu.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 62 Opening and importing images 4 Under Document Size, enter new values for the height and width. If desired, choose a new unit of measurement. Note that for Width, the Columns option uses the width and gutter sizes specified in the Units & Rulers preferences. 5 For Resolution, enter a new value. If desired, choose a new unit of measurement.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 63 Last updated 1/10/2010 Opening and importing images Acquiring images from cameras and scanners Acquiring digital images from cameras You can copy images to your computer by connecting your camera or a media card reader to your computer. • Use the Get Photos From Camera command in Adobe® Bridge® CS4 to download photos, and to organize, rename, and apply metadata to them.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 64 Opening and importing images Note: To import images from TWAIN-compatible scanners, see “Import an image using the TWAIN interface” on page 653. More Help topics “About plug-in modules” on page 44 “Determine scan resolution for printing” on page 493 Import images from a scanner using WIA Support (Windows only) 1 Choose File > Import > WIA Support. 2 Choose a destination on your computer for saving your image files. 3 Click Start.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 65 Opening and importing images 5 Set the Resolution, Color Mode, and bit depth. If you’ve copied a selection to the clipboard, the image dimensions and resolution are automatically based on that image data. 6 Select a canvas color option: White Fills the background layer with white, the default background color. Background Color Fills the background layer with the current background color. Transparent Makes the first layer transparent, with no color values.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 66 Last updated 1/10/2010 Opening and importing images Open a file using the Open command 1 Choose File > Open. 2 Select the name of the file you want to open. If the file does not appear, select the option for showing all files from the Files Of Type (Windows) or Enable (Mac OS) pop-up menu. 3 Click Open. In some cases, a dialog box appears, letting you set format-specific options.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 67 Opening and importing images 4 Click the thumbnails to select the pages or images you want to open. Shift-click to select more than one page or image. The number of selected items appears under the preview window. If you’re importing images, skip to step 8. Note: Use the Thumbnail Size menu to adjust the thumbnail view in the preview window. The Fit Page option fits one thumbnail in the preview window. A scroll bar appears if there are multiple items.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 68 Opening and importing images Open an EPS file Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) can represent both vector and bitmap data and is supported by virtually all graphic, illustration, and page-layout programs. The Adobe application that primarily produces PostScript artwork is Adobe Illustrator.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 69 Opening and importing images Version Cue enables versioning and asset management in all applications, but it includes enhanced features for the following products: Adobe Flash®, Adobe Illustrator®, Adobe InDesign®, Adobe InCopy®, Adobe Photoshop®, and Adobe Bridge. When you use any of these applications to open a file stored on a Version Cue server, the file is checked out automatically.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 70 Last updated 1/10/2010 Opening and importing images 5 If you’re placing a PDF, EPS, or Adobe Illustrator file, set the Anti-alias option in the options bar as desired. To blend edge pixels during rasterization, select the Anti-alias option. To produce a hard-edged transition between edge pixels during rasterization, deselect the Anti-alias option.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 71 Last updated 1/10/2010 Opening and importing images • To paste the art as a Smart Object, rasterized image, path, or shape layer, turn on the PDF and the AICB (No Transparency Support) options in the File Handling & Clipboard preferences. 2 Open a file in Adobe Illustrator, select the art you want to copy, and choose Edit > Copy. 3 In Photoshop, open the document that you want to paste the Adobe Illustrator art into and then choose Edit > Paste.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 72 Opening and importing images A C B Merging images of different exposures to create an HDR image A. Image with shadow detail but highlights clipped B. Image with highlight detail but shadows clipped C. HDR image containing the dynamic range of the scene In Photoshop, the luminance values of an HDR image are stored using a floating-point numeric representation that’s 32 bits long (32-bits-per-channel).
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 73 Last updated 1/10/2010 Opening and importing images Photoshop support for 32-bpc HDR images Use the following tools, adjustments, and filters with 32-bpc HDR images: Adjustments Levels, Exposure, Hue/Saturation, Channel Mixer, Photo Filter. Note: Although the Exposure command can be used with 8- and 16-bpc images, it is designed for making exposure adjustments to 32-bpc HDR images.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 74 Last updated 1/10/2010 Opening and importing images • The exposure differences between the photos should be one or two EV (exposure value) steps apart (equivalent to about one or two f-stops apart). • Don’t vary the lighting; for instance, don’t use a flash in one exposure but not the next. • Make sure that nothing is moving in the scene. Exposure Merge works only with differently exposed images of the identical scene.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 75 Last updated 1/10/2010 Opening and importing images If you chose to save the merged image as an 8-bits or 16-bpc image, the HDR Conversion dialog box opens. Make the exposure and contrast corrections to produce an image with the dynamic range (tonal range) you want. For more information, see “Convert from 32 bits to 8 or 16 bpc” on page 75. Adjust dynamic range view for HDR images The dynamic range of HDR images exceeds the display capabilities of standard computer monitors.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 76 Last updated 1/10/2010 Opening and importing images Local Adaptation Adjusts the tonality in the HDR image by calculating the amount of correction necessary for local brightness regions throughout the image. 3 (Optional) Click the arrow to display the toning curve and histogram. The histogram shows the luminance values in the original HDR image. The red tick marks along the horizontal axis are in 1 EV (approximately 1 f-stop) increments.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 77 Last updated 1/10/2010 Opening and importing images About the HDR Color Picker (Photoshop Extended) The HDR Color Picker allows you to accurately view and select colors for use in 32-bit HDR images. As in the regular Adobe Color Picker, you select a color by clicking a color field and adjusting the color slider. The Intensity slider allows you to adjust the brightness of a color to match the intensity of the colors in the HDR image you’re working with.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 78 Opening and importing images Use the Intensity slider to adjust the brightness of the color. The color value plus the intensity value are converted to 32-bit floating point number values in your HDR document. 1 Select a color by clicking in the color field and moving the color slider, or by entering HSB or RGB numeric values, as in the Adobe Color Picker. 2 Adjust the Intensity slider to boost or reduce the color’s brightness.
Last updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 4: Camera Raw Introduction to Camera Raw About camera raw files A camera raw file contains unprocessed, uncompressed grayscale picture data from a digital camera’s image sensor, along with information about how the image was captured (metadata). Photoshop Camera Raw software interprets the camera raw file, using information about the camera and the image’s metadata to construct and process a color image. Think of a camera raw file as your photo negative.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 80 Camera Raw Using Adobe Bridge, you can apply, copy, and clear image settings, and you can see previews and metadata for camera raw files without opening them in the Camera Raw dialog box. The preview in Adobe Bridge is a JPEG image generated using the current image settings; the preview is not the raw camera data itself, which would appear as a very dark grayscale image.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 81 Camera Raw Processing images with Camera Raw 1. Copy camera raw files to your hard disk, organize them, and (optionally) convert them to DNG. Before you do any work on the images that your camera raw files represent, transfer them from the camera’s memory card, organize them, give them useful names, and otherwise prepare them for use. Use the Get Photos From Camera command in Adobe Bridge to accomplish these tasks automatically. 2.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 82 Last updated 1/10/2010 Camera Raw Open Image or OK Opens copies of the camera raw image files (with the Camera Raw settings applied) in Photoshop or After Effects. The original camera raw image file remains unaltered. Press Shift while clicking Open Image to open the raw file in Photoshop as a Smart Object. At any time, you can double-click the Smart Object layer that contains the raw file to adjust the Camera Raw settings.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 83 Camera Raw Camera Raw Settings menu To open the Camera Raw Settings menu, click the button in the upper-right corner of any of the image adjustment tabs. Several of the commands in this menu are also available from the Edit > Develop Settings menu in Adobe Bridge. Camera Raw view controls Sets the preview zoom to the next higher preset value when you click the preview image. Alt-click (Windows) or Option-click (Mac OS) to use the next lower zoom value.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 84 Camera Raw Note: The Camera Raw cache holds data for about 200 images for each gigabyte of disk storage allocated to it. By default, the Camera Raw cache is set to a maximum size of 1 GB. You can increase its limit in the Camera Raw preferences. 1 In Adobe Bridge, choose Edit > Camera Raw Preferences (Windows) or Bridge > Camera Raw Preferences (Mac OS). Or, with the Camera Raw dialog box open, click the Open Preferences Dialog button .
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 85 Last updated 1/10/2010 Camera Raw You can also synchronize settings to apply settings from the active image to all selected images. You can quickly apply a set of adjustments to an entire set of images—such as all shots taken under the same conditions—and then fine-tune the individual shots later, after you’ve determined which you’ll use for your final output. You can synchronize both global and local adjustment settings. • To select an image, click its thumbnail.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 86 Camera Raw • When creating a droplet, select Suppress File Open Options Dialogs in the Play area of the Create Droplet dialog box. This prevents the display of the Camera Raw dialog box as each camera raw image is processed. Open images in Camera Raw • To process raw images in Camera Raw, select one or more camera raw files in Adobe Bridge, and then choose File > Open In Camera Raw or press Ctrl+R (Windows) or Command+R (Mac OS).
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 87 Camera Raw File Naming Specifies the filename using a naming convention that includes elements such as date and camera serial number. Using informative filenames based on a naming convention helps you keep image files organized. 3 Choose a file format from the Format menu. Digital Negative Saves a copy of the camera raw file in the DNG file format. • Compatibility Specifies the versions of Camera Raw and Lightroom that can read the file.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 88 Camera Raw A histogram is made up of three layers of color that represent the red, green, and blue color channels. White appears when all three channels overlap; yellow, magenta, and cyan appear when two of the RGB channels overlap (yellow equals the red + green channels, magenta equals the red + blue channels, and cyan equals the green + blue channels). The histogram changes automatically as you adjust the settings in the Camera Raw dialog box.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 89 Last updated 1/10/2010 Camera Raw Note: Not all color casts are a result of incorrect white balance. Use the DNG Profile Editor to correct a color cast that remains after the white balance is adjusted. See “Adjust color rendering for your camera in Camera Raw” on page 93.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 90 Camera Raw To adjust the white balance quickly, select the White Balance tool , and then click an area in the preview image that should be a neutral gray or white. The Temperature and Tint properties adjust to make the selected color exactly neutral (if possible). If you’re clicking whites, choose a highlight area that contains significant white detail rather than a specular highlight.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 91 Camera Raw in the shadows, with much less change in the midtones and highlights. Using the Blacks slider is like using the black point slider for input levels when using the Photoshop Levels command or the After Effects Levels effect. Brightness Adjusts the brightness or darkness of the image, much as the Exposure property does.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 92 Last updated 1/10/2010 Camera Raw Clarity, Vibrance, and Saturation controls in Camera Raw You can change the color saturation (vividness or color purity) of all colors by adjusting the Clarity, Vibrance, and Saturation controls on the Basic tab. (To adjust saturation for a specific range of colors, use the controls on the HSL / Grayscale tab.) Clarity Adds depth to an image by increasing local contrast, with greatest effect on the midtones.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 93 Camera Raw More Help topics “HSL / Grayscale controls in Camera Raw” on page 92 “Fine-tune tone curves in Camera Raw” on page 91 Tone a grayscale image in Camera Raw Use the controls in the Split Toning tab to color a grayscale image. You can add one color throughout the tonal range, such as a sepia appearance, or create a split tone result, in which a different color is applied to the shadows and the highlights.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 94 Last updated 1/10/2010 Camera Raw If the only profile in the Camera Profile menu is Embedded, it means that you have selected a TIFF or JPEG image. Adobe Standard and Camera Matching profiles work only with raw images. Note: If you have selected a raw file and Adobe Standard and Camera Matching profiles do not appear in the Camera Profile pop-up menu, download the latest Camera Raw update at www.adobe.com/go/learn_ps_cameraraw.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 95 Last updated 1/10/2010 Camera Raw Retouching and transforming images in Camera Raw Rotate images in Camera Raw • Click the Rotate Image 90° Counter Clockwise button • Click the Rotate Image 90° Clockwise button (or press L). (or press R). Note: Using commands in the Edit menu, you can also rotate images in Adobe Bridge without opening the Camera Raw dialog box. Straighten images in Camera Raw 1 In the Camera Raw dialog box, select the Straighten tool (or press A).
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 96 Last updated 1/10/2010 Camera Raw Remove spots in Camera Raw The Spot Removal tool lets you repair a selected area of an image with a sample from another area. 1 Select the Spot Removal tool from the toolbar. 2 Select one of the following from the Type menu: Heal Matches the texture, lighting, and shading of the sampled area to the selected area. Clone Applies the sampled area of the image to the selected area.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 97 Last updated 1/10/2010 Camera Raw Detail Adjusts how much high-frequency information is sharpened in the image and how much the sharpening process emphasizes edges. Lower settings primarily sharpen edges to remove blurring. Higher values are useful for making the textures in the image more pronounced. Masking Controls an edge mask. With a setting of zero (0), everything in the image receives the same amount of sharpening.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 98 Last updated 1/10/2010 Camera Raw 2 Choose the type of adjustment you want to make in the Adjustment Brush tool options by dragging the slider for any of the following effects: Exposure Sets the overall image brightness, with a greater effect in the highlights. Drag the slider to the right to increase the exposure; drag the slider to the left to decrease the exposure. Brightness Adjusts the image brightness, with a greater effect in the midtones.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 99 Last updated 1/10/2010 Camera Raw To create an eraser brush that has different characteristics from the current Adjustment Brush tool, click the Local Adjustment Settings menu button and choose Separate Eraser Size. Then, specify the Size, Feather, Flow, and Density you want for the eraser. • Remove the adjustment completely by selecting the pin and pressing Delete. • Press Ctrl+Z (Windows) or Command+Z (Mac OS) to undo your last adjustment.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 100 Last updated 1/10/2010 Camera Raw • Drag the black-and-white dotted line to shift the effect. • Position the pointer over the green-and-white or red-and-white dotted line, near the green or red dot, until a double-pointing arrow appears. Then, drag to expand or contract the effect at that end of the range. • Position the pointer over the green-and-white or red-and-white dotted line, away from the green or red dot, until a curved double-pointing arrow appears.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 101 Camera Raw Correcting lens distortion and noise in Camera Raw Compensate for chromatic aberration in Camera Raw Chromatic aberration is a common defect caused by the failure of the lens to focus different frequencies (colors) to the same spot. In one type of chromatic aberration, the image from each color of light is in focus, but each image is a slightly different size.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 102 Camera Raw 2 Decrease Midpoint to apply the adjustment to a larger area away from the corners, or increase Midpoint to restrict the adjustment to an area closer to the corners. Apply a postcrop vignette in Camera Raw To apply a vignette to a cropped image for artistic effect, use the Post Crop Vignetting feature. 1 Crop your image. See “Crop images in Camera Raw” on page 95.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 103 Last updated 1/10/2010 Camera Raw Managing Camera Raw settings Save image states as snapshots in Camera Raw You can record the state of an image at any time by creating a snapshot. Snapshots are stored renditions of an image that contain the complete set of edits made up until the time the snapshot is created. By creating snapshots of an image at various times during the editing process, you can easily compare the effects of the adjustments that you make.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 104 Camera Raw Save New Camera Raw Defaults Saves the current settings as the new default settings for other images taken with the same camera, with the same camera model, or with the same ISO setting. Select the appropriate options in the Default Image Settings section of the Camera Raw preferences to specify whether to associate the defaults with a specific camera’s serial number or with an ISO setting.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 105 Last updated 1/10/2010 Camera Raw 3 If you want to store all adjustments to DNG files in the DNG files themselves, select Ignore Sidecar “.XMP” Files in the DNG File Handling section of the Camera Raw Preferences dialog box. Note: For more information on setting preferences to ensure compatibility between Camera Raw and Photoshop Lightroom, see the Camera Raw ReadMe.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 106 Last updated 1/10/2010 Camera Raw Export Camera Raw settings and DNG previews If you store file settings in the Camera Raw database, you can use the Export Settings To XMP command to copy the settings to sidecar XMP files or embed them in DNG files. This is useful for preserving the image settings with your camera raw files when you move them. You can also update the JPEG previews embedded in DNG files. 1 Open the files in the Camera Raw dialog box.
107 Last updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 5: Color fundamentals Color can be described in several ways using a color model such as RGB or CMYK. As you work in your image, you specify colors using one of the color models. In Photoshop you choose the approach to color that’s appropriate for your image and how it’s being used. About color Understanding color Knowing how colors are created and how they relate to each other lets you work more effectively in Photoshop.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 108 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color fundamentals C M Y K Subtractive colors (CMYK) C. Cyan M. Magenta Y. Yellow K. Black The color wheel If you’re new to adjusting color components, it helps to keep a standard color wheel diagram on hand when you work on color balance. You can use the color wheel to predict how a change in one color component affects other colors and also how changes translate between RGB and CMYK color models. 0/360 R M Y 270 90 B G C 180 Color wheel R.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 109 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color fundamentals Each device, like your monitor or printer, has its own color space and can only reproduce colors in its gamut. When an image moves from one device to another, image colors may change because each device interprets the RGB or CMYK values according to its own color space. You can use color management when moving images to ensure that most colors are the same or similar enough so they appear consistent.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 110 Color fundamentals Color modes RGB Color mode Photoshop RGB Color mode uses the RGB model, assigning an intensity value to each pixel. In 8-bits-per-channel images, the intensity values range from 0 (black) to 255 (white) for each of the RGB (red, green, blue) components in a color image. For example, a bright red color has an R value of 246, a G value of 20, and a B value of 50.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 111 Color fundamentals Lab Color mode The CIE L*a*b* color model (Lab) is based on the human perception of color. The numeric values in Lab describe all the colors that a person with normal vision sees. Because Lab describes how a color looks rather than how much of a particular colorant is needed for a device (such as a monitor, desktop printer, or digital camera) to produce colors, Lab is considered to be a device-independent color model.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 112 Color fundamentals Although its palette of colors is limited, indexed color can reduce file size yet maintain the visual quality needed for multimedia presentations, web pages, and the like. Limited editing is available in this mode. For extensive editing, you should convert temporarily to RGB mode.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 113 Color fundamentals Images are flattened when converted to Multichannel, Bitmap, or Indexed Color mode, because these modes do not support layers. Add a conditional mode change to an action You can specify conditions for a mode change so that the conversion can occur during an action, which is a series of commands applied sequentially to a single file or a batch of files.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 114 Color fundamentals 2 For Output, enter a value for the output resolution of the Bitmap mode image, and choose a unit of measurement. By default, the current image resolution appears as both the input and the output resolutions. 3 Choose one of the following bitmap conversion methods from the Use pop-up menu: 50% Threshold Converts pixels with gray values above the middle gray level (128) to white and pixels with gray values below that level to black.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 115 Color fundamentals Pattern Dither conversion method, and Diffusion Dither conversion method Convert a Bitmap mode image to Grayscale mode You can convert a Bitmap mode image to Grayscale mode in order to edit it. Keep in mind that a Bitmap mode image edited in Grayscale mode may not look the same when you convert it back to Bitmap mode. For example, suppose a pixel that is black in Bitmap mode is edited to a shade of gray in Grayscale mode.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 116 Color fundamentals • System (Windows) Uses the Windows system’s default 8-bit palette, which is based on a uniform sampling of RGB colors. • Web Uses the 216-color palette that web browsers, regardless of platform, use to display images on a monitor limited to 256 colors. This palette is a subset of the Mac OS 8-bit palette. Use this option to avoid browser dither when viewing images on a monitor display limited to 256 colors.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 117 Color fundamentals • Matte Specifies the background color used to fill anti-aliased edges that lie adjacent to transparent areas of the image. When Transparency is selected, the matte is applied to edge areas to help blend the edges with a web background of the same color. When Transparency is deselected, the matte is applied to transparent areas.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 118 Color fundamentals 2 Do one of the following: • Choose Image > Mode > Color Table. • Choose Image > Mode > Indexed Color. In the Indexed Color dialog box, choose Custom from the Panel pop-up menu. This opens the Color Table dialog box. 3 In the Color Table dialog box, choose a predefined table from the Table menu. Custom Creates a palette you specify.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 119 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color fundamentals A C B D Foreground and background color boxes in toolbox A. Default Colors icon B. Switch Colors icon C. Foreground color box D. Background color box • To change the foreground color, click the upper color selection box in the toolbox, and then choose a color in the Adobe Color Picker. • To change the background color, click the lower color selection box in the toolbox, and then choose a color in the Adobe Color Picker.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 120 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color fundamentals • To select a new background color, Alt-click (Windows) or Option-click (Mac OS) in the image. Alternatively, position the pointer over the image, press Alt (Windows) or Options (Mac OS), press the mouse button, and drag anywhere on the screen. The background color selection box changes dynamically as you drag. Release the mouse button to pick the new color.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 121 Color fundamentals Display the Color Picker • In the toolbox, click the foreground or background color selection box. • In the Color panel, click the Set Foreground Color or Set Background Color selection box. The Color Picker is also available when features let you choose a color. For example, by clicking the color swatch in the options bar for some tools, or the eyedroppers in some color adjustment dialog boxes.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 122 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color fundamentals Choose a color using the Lab model When choosing a color based on the Lab color model, the L value specifies the luminance of a color. The A value specifies how red or green a color is. The B value specifies how blue or yellow a color is. 1 In the Adobe Color Picker, enter values for L (from 0 to 100), and for A and B (from -128 to +127). 2 (Optional) Use the color slider or color field to adjust the color.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 123 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color fundamentals Choose a CMYK equivalent for a non-printable color Some colors in the RGB, HSB, and Lab color models cannot be printed because they are out-of-gamut and have no equivalents in the CMYK model. When you choose a non-printable color in either the Adobe Color Picker or the Color panel, a warning alert triangle appears. A swatch below the triangle displays the closest CMYK equivalent.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 124 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color fundamentals HKS swatches Used for printing projects in Europe. Each color has a specified CMYK equivalent. You can select from HKS E (for continuous stationery), HKS K (for gloss art paper), HKS N (for natural paper), and HKS Z (for newsprint). Color samplers for each scale are available. HKS Process books and swatches have been added to the color system menu. PANTONE® Colors used for spot-color reproduction.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 125 Color fundamentals • A square appears above the left side of the color ramp when you choose a color that is not web-safe. More Help topics “Identify out-of-gamut colors” on page 164 “Color modes” on page 110 Change the color model of the Color panel sliders ❖ Choose a Sliders option from the Color panel menu.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 126 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color fundamentals Add and delete color swatches Color swatches can be added or deleted from the Swatches panel. You can also add a color swatch from the Color Picker by clicking the Add To Swatches button. Add a color to the Swatches panel 1 Decide which color you want to add and make it the foreground color. 2 Do one of the following: • Click the New Swatch button in the Swatches panel. Alternatively, choose New Swatch from the Swatches panel menu.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 127 Color fundamentals Name of a color library Loads a specific color system listed in the lower part of the Swatches panel menu. You can either replace or append the current set of colors with the library you’re loading. Save a set of swatches as a library 1 Choose Save Swatches from the Swatches panel menu. 2 Choose a location for the swatch library, enter a file name, and click Save. You can save the library anywhere.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 128 Color fundamentals Browse themes An Internet connection is required to browse themes online. Search themes 1 Select Window > Extensions > Kuler, and then select the Browse panel. 2 Do either of the following: • In the Search box, enter the name of a theme, tag, or creator. Note: Use only alphanumerical characters (Aa-Zz, 0-9) in searches. • Filter the search results by selecting an option from the pop-up menus above the results.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 129 Color fundamentals Create panel tools The Create panel provides a variety of tools to create or edit themes. • Select a harmony rule from the Select Rule pop-up menu. The harmony rule uses the base color as the basis for generating the colors in the color group. For example, if you choose a blue base color and the Complementary harmony rule, a color group is created using the base color, blue, and its complement, red.
130 Last updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 6: Color management A color management system reconciles color differences among devices so that you can be reasonably certain of the colors your system ultimately produces. Viewing color accurately allows you to make sound color decisions throughout your workflow, from digital capture through final output. Color management also allows you to create output based on ISO, SWOP, and Japan Color print production standards.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 131 Color management A color management system translates colors with the help of color profiles. A profile is a mathematical description of a device’s color space. For example, a scanner profile tells a color management system how your scanner “sees” colors. Adobe color management uses ICC profiles, a format defined by the International Color Consortium (ICC) as a crossplatform standard.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 132 Color management Creating a viewing environment for color management Your work environment influences how you see color on your monitor and on printed output. For best results, control the colors and light in your work environment by doing the following: • View your documents in an environment that provides a consistent light level and color temperature.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 133 Color management If you decide to change the default settings, easy-to-use presets let you configure Adobe color management to match common output conditions. You can also customize color settings to meet the demands of your particular color workflow. Keep in mind that the kinds of images you work with and your output requirements influence how you use color management.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 134 Color management 6. Use color management when printing and saving files. Keeping the appearance of colors consistent across all of the devices in your workflow is the goal of color management. Leave color management options enabled when printing documents, saving files, and preparing files for online viewing. (See “Printing with color management” on page 141 and “Color-managing documents for online viewing” on page 137.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 135 Color management Change the appearance of CMYK black (Illustrator, InDesign) Pure CMYK black (K=100) appears jet black (or rich black) when viewed on-screen, printed to a non-PostScript desktop printer, or exported to an RGB file format. If you prefer to see the difference between pure black and rich black as it will appear when printed on a commercial press, you can change the Appearance Of Black preferences.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 136 Color management Color-managing imported images Color-managing imported images (Illustrator, InDesign) How imported images are integrated into a document’s color space depends on whether or not the image has an embedded profile: • When you import an image that contains no profile, the Adobe application uses the current document profile to define the colors in the image.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 137 Color management View or change profiles for imported bitmap images (InDesign) InDesign allows you to view, override, or disable profiles for imported bitmap images. This may be necessary when you are importing an image containing no profile or an incorrectly embedded profile. For example, if the scanner manufacturer’s default profile was embedded but you have since generated a custom profile, you can assign the newer profile.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 138 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color management Color-managing PDFs for online viewing When you export PDFs, you can choose to embed profiles. PDFs with embedded profiles reproduce color consistently in Acrobat 4.0 or later running under a properly configured color management system. Keep in mind that embedding color profiles increases the size of PDFs. RGB profiles are usually small (around 3 KB); however, CMYK profiles can range from 0.5 to 2 MB.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 139 Color management Soft-proof colors 1 Choose View > Proof Setup, and do one of the following: • Choose a preset that corresponds to the output condition you want to simulate. • Choose Custom (Photoshop and InDesign) or Customize (Illustrator) to create a custom proof setup for a specific output condition. This option is recommended for the most accurate preview of your final printed piece.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 140 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color management Simulate Black Ink Simulates the dark gray you really get instead of a solid black on many printers, according to the proof profile. Not all profiles support this option. In Photoshop, if you want the custom proof setup to be the default proof setup for documents, close all document windows before choosing the View > Proof Setup > Custom command.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 141 Color management Save or load a custom proof setup (Photoshop, InDesign) 1 Choose View > Proof Setup > Custom. 2 Do either of the following: • To save a custom proof setup, click Save. To ensure that the new preset appears in the View > Proof Setup menu, save the preset in the default location. • To load a custom proof setup, click Load. Soft-proof colors (Acrobat) 1 Choose Advanced > Print Production > Output Preview.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 142 Color management If you select a PostScript printer, you can take advantage of PostScript color management. PostScript color management makes it possible to perform color composite output or color separations at the raster image processor (RIP)—a process called in-RIP separations—so that a program need only specify parameters for separation and let the device calculate the final color values.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 143 Color management In general, you have the following choices for handling colors when creating PDFs: • (PDF/X-3) Does not convert colors. Use this method when creating a document that will be printed or displayed on various or unknown devices. When you select a PDF/X-3 standard, color profiles are automatically embedded in the PDF. • (PDF/X-1a) Converts all colors to the destination CMYK color space.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 144 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color management Document profiles Define the specific RGB or CMYK color space of a document. By assigning, or tagging, a document with a profile, the application provides a definition of actual color appearances in the document. For example, R=127, G=12, B=107 is just a set of numbers that different devices will display differently.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 145 Color management Gamma The brightness of the midtone values. The values produced by a monitor from black to white are nonlinear— if you graph the values, they form a curve, not a straight line. Gamma defines the value of that curve halfway between black and white. Phosphors The substances that CRT monitors use to emit light. Different phosphors have different color characteristics.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 146 Color management Embed a color profile To embed a color profile in a document you created in Illustrator, InDesign, or Photoshop, you must save or export the document in a format that supports ICC profiles. 1 Save or export the document in one of the following file formats: Adobe PDF, PSD (Photoshop), AI (Illustrator), INDD (InDesign), JPEG, Photoshop EPS, Large Document Format, or TIFF. 2 Select the option for embedding ICC profiles.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 147 Color management 2 For RGB Profile and CMYK Profile, select one of the following: Discard (Use Current Working Space) Removes the existing profile from the document. Select this option only if you are sure that you do not want to color-manage the document. After you remove the profile from a document, the appearance of colors is defined by the application’s working space profiles, and you can no longer embed a profile in the document.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 148 Color management 2 Click Advanced. The following additional ICC profile types are available under Destination Space: Multichannel Profiles that support more than four color channels. These are useful when printing with more than four inks. Device Link Profiles that transform from one device color space to another, without using an intermediate color space in the process. These are useful when specific mappings of device values (like 100% black) are required.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 149 Color management A working space profile acts as the source profile for newly created documents that use the associated color model. For example, if Adobe RGB (1998) is the current RGB working space profile, each new RGB document that you create will use colors within the Adobe RGB (1998) gamut. Working spaces also determine the appearance of colors in untagged documents.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 150 Color management About missing and mismatched color profiles For a newly created document, the color workflow usually operates seamlessly: Unless specified otherwise, the document uses the working space profile associated with its color mode for creating and editing colors. However, some existing documents may not use the working space profile that you have specified, and some existing documents may not be color-managed.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 151 Color management view colors accurately in Adobe applications. Select this option if you want to use a safe CMYK workflow. In InDesign, you can override this policy on a per-object basis by choosing Object > Image Color Settings. • Off Ignores embedded color profiles when opening files and importing images, and does not assign the working space profile to new documents.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 152 Color management About rendering intents A rendering intent determines how a color management system handles color conversion from one color space to another. Different rendering intents use different rules to determine how the source colors are adjusted; for example, colors that fall inside the destination gamut may remain unchanged, or they may be adjusted to preserve the original range of visual relationships when translated to a smaller destination gamut.
153 Last updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 7: Color and tonal adjustments Photoshop® CS4 provides a comprehensive set of tools for making color and tonal corrections and adjustments. Viewing histograms and pixel values About histograms A histogram illustrates how pixels in an image are distributed by graphing the number of pixels at each color intensity level.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 154 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments A B C D E Histogram panel A. Channel menu B. panel menu C. Uncached Refresh button D. Cached Data Warning icon E. Statistics Adjust the view of the Histogram panel ❖ Choose a view from the Histogram panel menu. Expanded View Displays the histogram with statistics.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 155 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments View a specific channel in the histogram If you chose the Expanded View or All Channels View of the Histogram panel, you can choose a setting from the Channel menu. Photoshop remembers the channel setting if you switch from either Expanded View or All Channels View back to Compact View. • Choose an individual channel to display a histogram of the channel, including color channels, alpha channels, and spot channels.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 156 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments Cache Level Shows the current image cache used to create the histogram. When the cache level is higher than 1, the histogram is displayed faster. In this case, the histogram is derived from a representative sampling of pixels in the image (based on the magnification). The original image is cache level 1. At each level above level 1, four adjacent pixels are averaged to arrive at a single pixel value.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 157 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments • Choose Uncached Refresh from the Histogram panel menu. For information about cache level, see “Histogram panel overview” on page 153. View color values in an image You can use the Info panel to see the color value of pixels as you make color corrections. When you work with a color adjustment dialog box or Adjustments panel, the Info panel displays two sets of color values for the pixels under the pointer.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 158 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments View color information while adjusting color You can view color information for specific pixels in the image while adjusting color with an adjustment dialog box or the Adjustments panel. 1 Open an adjustment dialog box (under Image > Adjustments) or add an adjustment using the Adjustments panel. 2 As you make adjustments, view the before and after color values in the Info panel.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 159 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments Understanding color adjustments Before making color and tonal adjustments The powerful tools in Photoshop can enhance, repair, and correct the color and tonality (lightness, darkness, and contrast) in an image. Here are some items to consider before making color and tonal adjustments. • Work with a monitor that’s calibrated and profiled. For critical image editing, calibration and profiling is essential.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 160 Color and tonal adjustments Begin tonal corrections by adjusting the values of the extreme highlight and shadow pixels in the image, setting an overall tonal range for the image. This process is known as setting the highlights and shadows or setting the white and black points. Setting the highlights and shadows typically redistributes the midtone pixels appropriately. However, you might need to adjust your midtones manually.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 161 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments The Adjustments panel For a video on the Adjustments panel, see www.adobe.com/go/lrvid4002_ps. Apply a correction using the Adjustments panel 1 In the Adjustments panel, click an adjustment icon or an adjustment preset, or choose an adjustment from the panel menu. 2 If necessary, use the controls and options in the Adjustments panel to apply the settings you want.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 162 Color and tonal adjustments Save and apply presets using the Adjustments panel The Adjustments panel has a list of presets for common color and tonal adjustments. In addition, you can save and apply presets for Levels, Curves, Exposure, Hue/Saturation, Black & White, Channel Mixer, and Selective Color. When you save a preset, it’s added to the presets list.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 163 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments Make a color adjustment All Photoshop color adjustment tools work essentially the same way; they map an existing range of pixel values to a new range of values. The difference between the tools is the amount of control they provide. Color adjustment tools and their option settings are accessed in the Adjustments panel. For an overview of the color adjustment tools, see “Color adjustment commands” on page 162.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 164 Color and tonal adjustments • In an adjustment dialog box, click Load. Locate and load the saved adjustment file. In the Curves, Black & White, Exposure, Hue/Saturation, Selective Color, Levels, or Channel Mixer dialog boxes, saved presets appear in the Presets menu. Choose Load Preset from the Preset option to load a preset not shown on the Preset pop-up menu from a different location.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 165 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments Change the gamut warning color 1 Do one of the following: • (Windows) Choose Edit > Preferences > Transparency & Gamut. • (Mac OS) Choose Photoshop > Preferences > Transparency & Gamut. 2 Under Gamut Warning, click the color box to display the Color Picker. Then choose a new warning color, and click OK. For best results, use a color that is not already present in the image. 3 Enter a value in the Opacity box, then click OK.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 166 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments Adjust tonal range using Levels The outer two Input Levels sliders map the black point and white point to the settings of the Output sliders. By default, the Output sliders are at level 0, where the pixels are black, and level 255, where the pixels are white.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 167 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments 5 (Optional) To identify areas in the image that are being clipped (completely black or completely white), do one of the following: • Hold down Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS) as you drag the black point and white point sliders. • Choose Show Clipping For Black/White Points from the panel menu. 6 To adjust midtones, use the middle Input slider to make a gamma adjustment.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 168 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments Curves overview You can use Curves or Levels to adjust the entire tonal range of an image. The Curves adjustment lets you adjust points throughout the tonal range of an image (from shadows to highlights). Levels have only three adjustments (white point, black point, gamma). You can also use Curves to make precise adjustments to individual color channels in an image. You can save Curves adjustment settings as presets.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 169 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments Set Curve display options You can control the curve grid display using the Curve display options. 1 Do one of the following: • Click the Curves icon or a Curves preset in the Adjustments panel, or choose Curves from the panel menu. • Choose Layer > New Adjustment Layer > Curves. Click OK in the New Layer dialog box. • Choose Image > Adjustments > Curves.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 170 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments • Choose Layer > New Adjustment Layer > Curves. Click OK in the New Layer dialog box. Note: You can also choose Image > Adjustments > Curves. But keep in mind that this method makes direct adjustments to the image layer and discards image information. 2 (Optional) To adjust the color balance of the image, choose the channel or channels that you want to adjust from the Channel menu.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 171 Color and tonal adjustments • Select the On-image adjustment tool . As you move the mouse pointer over the image it changes to an eyedropper, and an indicator on the curve shows the tonal value of the underlying pixels. Click on the image at the desired tonal value and drag vertically up or down to adjust the curve. • Click a point on the curve, and enter values in the Input and Output text boxes.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 172 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments • To set a point on the curve for the selected color in each color component channel (but not in the composite channel), Shift+Ctrl-click (Windows) or Shift+Command-click (Mac OS) in the image. • To select multiple points, Shift-click points on the curve. Selected points are filled with black. • To deselect all points on the curve, click in the grid, or press Ctrl-D (Windows) or Command-D (Mac OS).
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 173 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments Apply Hue/Saturation adjustment 1 Do one of the following: • Click the Hue/Saturation icon or a Hue/Saturation preset in the Adjustments panel. • Choose Layer > New Adjustment Layer > Hue/Saturation. Click OK in the New Layer dialog box. The two color bars in the dialog box represent the colors in their order on the color wheel.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 174 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments • Choose Layer > New Adjustment Layer > Hue/Saturation. Click OK in the New Layer dialog box. Note: You can also choose Image > Adjustments > Hue/Saturation. But keep in mind that this method makes direct adjustments to the image layer and discards image information. 2 In the Adjustments panel, choose a color from the menu just above the sliders. Four color wheel values (in degrees) appear in the Adjustments panel.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 175 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments 2 Do one of the following to access the Hue/Saturation adjustment: • Click the Hue/Saturation icon in the Adjustments panel. • Choose Layer > New Adjustment Layer > Hue/Saturation. Click OK in the New Layer dialog box. Note: You can also choose Image > Adjustments > Hue/Saturation. But keep in mind that this method makes direct adjustments to the image layer and discards image information. 3 Select the Colorize option.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 176 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments Note: You can also choose Image > Adjustments > Black & White. But keep in mind that this method makes direct adjustments to the image layer and discards image information. 2 In the Adjustments panel, manually adjust the conversion using the color sliders, apply an Auto conversion, or select a previously saved custom mix. Preset menu Select a predefined grayscale mix or a previously saved mix.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 177 Color and tonal adjustments Make sure that the Preview option is selected in the dialog box if you want the image to be updated as you make adjustments. 2 Adjust the amount of lighting correction by moving the Amount slider or entering a value in the Shadows or Highlights percentage box. Larger values provide either greater lightening of shadows or greater darkening of highlights. You can adjust both Shadows and Highlights in an image.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 178 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments Black Clip And White Clip Specifies how greatly the shadows and highlights are clipped to the new extreme shadow (level 0) and highlight (level 255) colors in the image. Larger values produce an image with greater contrast. Be careful not to make the clipping values too large, because doing so reduces detail in the shadows or highlights (the intensity values are clipped and rendered as pure black or pure white).
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 179 Color and tonal adjustments 2 In the Adjustments panel, set any of the following options: Exposure Adjusts the highlight end of the tonal scale with minimal effect in the extreme shadows. Offset Darkens the shadows and midtones with minimal effect on the highlights. Gamma Adjusts the image gamma, using a simple power function. Negative values are mirrored around zero (that is, they remain negative but still get adjusted as if they are positive).
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 180 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments Targeting shadows and highlights with Output Levels sliders To set target values using the eyedroppers 1 Select the Eyedropper tool in the toolbox. You can choose 3 by 3 Average from the Sample Size menu in the Eyedropper tool options. This ensures a representative sample of an area rather than the value of a single screen pixel. 2 Click the Levels or Curves icon in the Adjustments panel.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 181 Color and tonal adjustments With a low-key image, you may want to set the highlight to a lower value to avoid too much contrast. Experiment with Brightness values from 96 through 80. The pixel values are adjusted throughout the image proportionately to the new highlight values. Any pixels lighter than the area you clicked are clipped (adjusted to level 255, pure white). The Info panel shows the values both before and after the color adjustment.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 182 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments In addition to matching the color between two images, the Match Color command can match the color between different layers in the same image. Match the color between two images 1 (Optional) Make a selection in the source and target images. If you don’t make a selection, then the Match Color command matches the overall image statistics between images.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 183 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments 3 From the Source menu in the Image Statistics area of the Match Color dialog box, make sure that the image in the Source menu is the same as the target image. 4 Use the Layer menu to choose the layer whose colors you want to match. You can also choose Merged from the Layer menu to match the colors from all the layers.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 184 Color and tonal adjustments 6 To control the amount of adjustment applied to the image, adjust the Fade slider. Moving the slider to the right reduces the amount of adjustment. Note: You can use the Match Color controls separately to apply a single correction to the image. For example, you can adjust only the Luminance slider to brighten/darken an image without affecting the color.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 185 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments More Help topics “Save adjustment settings” on page 163 “Reapply adjustment settings” on page 163 Mix color channels Using the Channel Mixer adjustment, you can create high-quality grayscale, sepia tone, or other tinted images. You can also make creative color adjustments to an image. To create high-quality grayscale images, choose the percentage for each color channel in the Channel Mixer adjustment.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 186 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments You can save Channel Mixer dialog box settings for reuse on other images. See “Save adjustment settings” on page 163 and “Reapply adjustment settings” on page 163. Create monochrome images from RGB or CMYK images Monochrome images display color channels as gray values. Adjust the percentage of each source channel to fine-tune the overall grayscale image. 1 In the Channels panel, select the composite color channel.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 187 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments A B C A. Original color image B. Selecting Monochrome creates grayscale image C. Deselecting Monochrome and mixing channels tints elements of grayscale image Make selective color adjustments Selective color correction is a technique used by high-end scanners and separation programs to change the amount of process colors in each of the primary color components in an image.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 188 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments Making quick image adjustments Change the color balance using the Photo Filter command The Photo Filter adjustment mimics the technique of placing a colored filter in front of the camera lens to adjust the color balance and color temperature of the light transmitted through the lens and exposing the film. Photo Filter also lets you choose a color preset to apply a hue adjustment to an image.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 189 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments 3 In the Adjustments panel, select Shadows, Midtones, or Highlights to select the tonal range in which you want to focus the changes. 4 (Optional) Select Preserve Luminosity to prevent changing the luminosity values in the image while changing the color. This option maintains the tonal balance in the image.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 190 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments By default, the Auto option and the Auto Tone command clip the white and black pixels by 0.1%—that is, it ignores the first 0.1% of either extreme when identifying the lightest and darkest pixels in the image. The default settings for the Auto option can be changed in the Auto Color Correction Options dialog box. 1 Do one of the following: • Click the Levels or Curves icon in the Adjustments panel.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 191 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments Remove a color cast using Auto Color Auto Color adjusts the contrast and color of an image by searching the image to identify shadows, midtones, and highlights. By default, Auto Color neutralizes the midtones using a target color of RGB 128 gray and clips the shadows and highlight pixels by 0.5%. You can change these defaults in the Auto Color Correction Options dialog box.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 192 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments 2 Alt-click (Windows) or Option-click (Mac OS) the Auto button in the Adjustments panel. 3 Specify the algorithm you want Photoshop to use to adjust the overall tonal range of an image: Enhance Monochromatic Contrast Clips all channels identically. This preserves the overall color relationship while making highlights appear lighter and shadows appear darker. The Auto Contrast command uses this algorithm.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 193 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments Saturation Changes the degree of hue in the image. If you exceed the maximum saturation for a color, it may be clipped. 4 Drag the Fine/Coarse slider to determine the amount of each adjustment. Moving the slider one tick mark doubles the adjustment amount. 5 Adjust the color and brightness: • To add a color to the image, click the appropriate color thumbnail. • To subtract a color, click the thumbnail for its opposite color.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 194 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments Invert colors The Invert adjustment inverts the colors in an image. You can use Invert as part of the process of making an edge mask to apply sharpening and other adjustments to selected areas of an image. Note: Because color print film contains an orange mask in its base, the Invert adjustment cannot make accurate positive images from scanned color negatives.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 195 Last updated 1/10/2010 Color and tonal adjustments Note: You can also choose Image > Adjustments > Posterize. But keep in mind that this method makes direct adjustments to the image layer and discards image information. 2 In the Adjustments panel, enter the number of tonal levels you want. Apply a gradient map to an image The Gradient Map adjustment maps the equivalent grayscale range of an image to the colors of a specified gradient fill.
Last updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 8: Retouching and transforming The retouch and transform features in Adobe® Photoshop® CS4 let you alter your images to accomplish a variety of tasks—to improve a composition, correct distortions or flaws, creatively manipulate picture elements, add or remove items, sharpen or blur, or merge multiple images into a panorama. The Vanishing Point feature lets you retouch and paint according to the perspective of an image.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 197 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming 3 Drag over the part of the image you want to keep to create a marquee. The marquee doesn’t have to be precise— you can adjust it later. 4 If necessary, adjust the cropping marquee: • To move the marquee to another position, place the pointer inside the bounding box and drag. • To scale the marquee, drag a handle. To constrain the proportions, hold down Shift as you drag a corner handle.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 198 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming Transform perspective while cropping The Crop tool has an option that lets you transform the perspective in an image. This is very useful when working with images that contain keystone distortion. Keystone distortion occurs when an object is photographed from an angle rather than from a straight-on view.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 199 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming Crop and Straighten photos You can place several photos on your scanner and scan them in one pass, which creates a single image file. The Crop and Straighten Photos command is an automated feature that can create separate image files from the multiple-image scan. For best results, you should keep 1/8 inch between the images in your scan, and the background (typically the scanner bed) should be a uniform color with little noise.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 200 Retouching and transforming Note: Image Rotation is destructive editing and actually modifies the file information. If you want to non-destructively rotate the image for viewing, use the Rotation tool. More Help topics “Flip or rotate precisely” on page 221 “Use the Rotate View tool” on page 28 Change the canvas size The canvas size is the full editable area of an image. The Canvas Size command lets you increase or decrease an image’s canvas size.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 201 Retouching and transforming Make a frame You can make a photo frame by increasing the canvas size and filling it with a color. You can also use one of the prerecorded actions to make a styled photo frame. It’s best to do this on a copy of your photo. 1 Open the Actions panel. Choose Window > Actions. 2 Choose Frames from the Actions panel menu. 3 Choose one of the frame actions from the list. 4 Click the Play Selection button.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 202 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming Altering an image with the Clone Stamp tool 1 Select the Clone Stamp tool . 2 Choose a brush tip and set brush options for the blending mode, opacity, and flow in the options bar.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 203 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming (Photoshop Extended) When cloning video or animation, you can set sampling points in the current frame you’re painting or sample sources in a different frame, even if the frame is in a different video layer or in a different open document. You can set up to five different sampling sources at a time in the Clone Source panel. The Clone Source panel saves the sampling sources until you close the document.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 204 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming Specify the clone source offset When using the Clone Stamp tool or Healing Brush tool, you can paint with the sampled source anywhere in the target image. The overlay options will help you visualize where you want to paint. However, if you need to paint in a very specific location relative to the sampling point, you can specify the x and y pixel offset.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 205 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming You can set up to 5 different sampling sources. The Clone Source panel remembers the sampled sources until you close the document you’re editing. 5 (Optional) In the Clone Source panel, click a clone source button to select the sampled source you want.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 206 Retouching and transforming 3 (Optional) Choose a blending mode from the Mode menu in the options bar. Choose Replace to preserve noise, film grain, and texture at the edges of the brush stroke when using a soft-edge brush. 4 Choose a Type option in the options bar: Proximity Match Uses the pixels around the edge of the selection to find an image area to use as a patch for the selected area.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 207 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming Repair an area using sampled pixels 1 Select the Patch tool . 2 Do one of the following: • Drag in the image to select the area you want to repair, and select Source in the options bar. • Drag in the image to select the area from which you want to sample, and select Destination in the options bar. Note: You can also make a selection prior to selecting the Patch tool.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 208 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming Replace color in image areas The Color Replacement tool simplifies replacing specific colors in your image. You can paint over a targeted color with a corrective color. The Color Replacement tool doesn’t work in images in Bitmap, Indexed, or Multichannel color modes. 1 Select the Color Replacement tool . (If the tool isn’t visible, access it by holding down the Brush tool.) 2 Choose a brush tip in the options bar.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 209 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming More Help topics “List of blending modes” on page 351 Blur image areas The Blur tool softens hard edges or reduces detail in an image. The more you paint over an area with the tool, the blurrier it becomes. 1 Select the Blur tool . 2 Do the following in the options bar: • Choose a brush tip and set options for the blending mode and strength in the options bar.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 210 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming Shadows Changes the dark areas Highlights Changes the light areas 4 Specify the exposure for the Dodge tool or the Burn tool. 5 Click the airbrush button to use the brush as an airbrush. Alternatively, select the Airbrush option in the Brushes panel. 6 Select the Protect Tones option to minimize clipping in the shadows and highlights. This option also tries to keep colors from shifting hue.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 211 Retouching and transforming Examples of barrel distortion (left) and pincushion distortion (right) Vignetting is a defect where the edges, especially the corners, of an image are darker than the center. Chromatic aberration appears as a color fringe along the edges of objects caused by the lens focusing on different colors of light in different planes. Some lenses exhibit these defects depending on the focal length or the f-stop used.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 212 Retouching and transforming Amount Sets the amount of lightening or darkening along the edges of an image. Midpoint Specifies the width of area affected by the Amount slider. Specify a lower number to affect more of the image. Specify a higher number to restrict the effect to the edges of the image. Vertical Perspective Corrects image perspective caused by tilting the camera up or down. Makes vertical lines in an image parallel.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 213 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming Luminance noise may be more pronounced in one channel of the image, usually the blue channel. You can adjust the noise for each channel separately in Advanced mode. Before opening the filter, examine each channel in your image separately to see if noise is prevalent in one channel. You preserve more image detail by correcting one channel rather than making an overall correction to all channels.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 214 Retouching and transforming For greatest control use the Unsharp Mask (USM) filter or the Smart Sharpen filter to sharpen your images. Although Photoshop also has the Sharpen, Sharpen Edges, and Sharpen More filter options, these filters are automatic and do not provide controls and options. You can sharpen your entire image or just a portion defined by a selection or mask.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 215 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming In addition, you specify the radius of the region to which each pixel is compared. The greater the radius, the larger the edge effects. Original image, and Unsharp Mask applied The degree of sharpening applied to an image is often a matter of personal choice. However, oversharpening an image produces a halo effect around the edges. Oversharpening an image produces a halo effect around the edges.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 216 Retouching and transforming 5 Drag the Threshold slider or enter a value to determine how different the sharpened pixels must be from the surrounding area before they are considered edge pixels and sharpened by the filter. For instance, a threshold of 4 affects all pixels that have tonal values that differ by a value or 4 or more, on a scale of 0 to 255. So, if adjacent pixels have tonal values of 128 and 129, they are not affected.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 217 Retouching and transforming • Choose Image > Adjustments > Invert to invert the image. Find Edges filter applied and image inverted • With the inverted image still selected, choose Filter > Other > Maximum. Set the radius to a low number and click OK to thicken the edges and randomize the pixels. • Choose Filter > Noise > Median. Set the radius to a low number and click OK. This averages the neighboring pixels.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 218 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming The Lens Blur filter uses the depth map to determine the position of pixels in an image. With a depth map selected, you can also use the crosshair cursor to set the starting point of a given blur. You can use alpha channels and layer masks to create depth maps; black areas in an alpha channel are treated as though they’re at the front of the photo, and white areas are treated as if they’re far in the distance.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 219 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming Photoshop uses the interpolation method selected in the General area of the Preferences dialog box to calculate the color values of pixels that are added or deleted during transformations. This interpolation setting directly affects the speed and quality of the transformation. Bicubic interpolation, the default, is slowest but yields the best results. Note: You can also warp and distort raster images using the Liquify filter.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 220 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming • To transform multiple layers, do either of the following in the Layers panel: link the layers together, or select multiple layers by Ctrl-clicking (Windows) or Command-clicking (Mac OS) more than one layer. In the Layers panel, you can also Shift-click to select continguous layers. • To transform a layer mask or a vector mask, unlink the mask and select the mask thumbnail in the Layers panel.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 221 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming • If you chose Warp, choose a warp from the Warp Style pop-up menu in the options bar, or to perform a custom warp, drag the control points, a line, or an area within the mesh to change the shape of the bounding box and mesh. • For all types of transformations, enter a value in the options bar. For example, to rotate an item, specify degrees in the rotation text box.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 222 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming Transform freely The Free Transform command lets you apply transformations (rotate, scale, skew, distort, and perspective) in one continuous operation. You can also apply a warp transformation. Instead of choosing different commands, you simply hold down a key on your keyboard to switch between transformation types. Note: If you are transforming a shape or entire path, the Transform command becomes the Transform Path command.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 223 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming • To cancel the transformation, press Esc or click the Cancel button in the options bar. Important: When you transform a bitmap image (versus a shape or path), the image becomes slightly less sharp each time you commit a transformation; therefore, performing multiple commands before applying the cumulative transformation is preferable to applying each transformation separately.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 224 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming • To the manipulate the shape, drag the control points, a segment of the bounding box or mesh, or an area within the mesh. When adjusting a curve, use the control point handles. This is similar to adjusting the handles in the curved segment of a vector graphic. To undo the last handle adjustment, choose Edit > Undo. A B Manipulating the shape of a warp A. Original warp mesh B.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 225 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming A B C A. Original image B. Scaled narrower C. Scaled narrower, using content-aware scaling For a video on content-aware scaling, see www.adobe.com/go/lrvid4120_ps. (Discussion of this feature begins at the four-minute mark.) Preserve visual content when scaling images 1 (Optional) Choose Select > All if you’re scaling a Background layer. 2 Choose Edit > Content-Aware Scale.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 226 Retouching and transforming 5 Drag a handle on the bounding border to scale the image. Liquify filter Liquify filter overview The Liquify filter lets you push, pull, rotate, reflect, pucker, and bloat any area of an image. The distortions you create can be subtle or drastic, which makes the Liquify command a powerful tool for retouching images as well as creating artistic effects.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 227 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming A B C Liquify dialog box A. Toolbox B. Preview image C. Options Magnify or reduce the preview image ❖ Select the Zoom tool in the Liquify dialog box, and click or drag in the preview image to zoom in; hold down Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS), and click or drag in the preview image to zoom out. Alternatively, you can specify a magnification level in the Zoom text box at the bottom of the dialog box.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 228 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming Rotates pixels clockwise as you hold down the mouse button or drag. To twirl pixels counterclockwise, hold down Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS) as you hold down the mouse button or drag. Twirl Clockwise tool Moves pixels toward the center of the brush area as you hold down the mouse button or drag. Pucker tool Bloat tool Moves pixels away from the center of the brush area as you hold down the mouse button or drag.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 229 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming 6 Do one of the following: • Click OK to close the Liquify dialog box and apply the changes to the active layer. • Click Cancel to close the Liquify dialog box without applying changes to the layer. • Click Restore All to revert all distortions to the preview image, leaving all options in their current settings.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 230 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming Note: If a selection exists, the filter limits the preview and processing to the rectangular area containing that selection. (For rectangular marquee selections, the selected area and preview are identical, so choosing Selection from the pop-up menus above has no effect.) Thaw areas ❖ Do any of the following: • Select the Thaw Mask tool , and drag over the area.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 231 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming Reconstruct part of a distorted image 1 Freeze areas you want to keep distorted. 2 Select the Reconstruct tool . Choose one of these Reconstruct tool modes from the Tool Options area of the dialog box. 3 Hold down the mouse button or drag over the area. Pixels move more quickly at the brush center. Shift-click to reconstruct in a straight line between the current point and the previously clicked point.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 232 Retouching and transforming Work with meshes Using a mesh helps you see and keep track of distortions. You can choose the size and color of a mesh, and save the mesh from one image and apply it to other images. • To add a mesh, select Show Mesh in the View Options area of the dialog box, and choose a mesh size and mesh color. • To show a mesh, select Show Mesh. When Show Mesh is selected, you can show or hide the preview image.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 233 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming Photoshop Extended users can also measure objects in an image, and export 3D information and measurements to DXF and 3DS formats for use in 3D applications. For a video on using Vanishing Point, see www.adobe.com/go/vid0019.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 234 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming Double-clicking the Marquee tool in a plane selects the entire plane. Stamp tool Paints with a sample of the image. Unlike the Clone Stamp tool, the Stamp tool in Vanishing Point can’t clone elements from another image. See also “Paint with sampled pixels in Vanishing Point” on page 244 and “Retouch with the Clone Stamp tool” on page 201. Brush tool Paints a selected color in a plane.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 235 Retouching and transforming • To confine the Vanishing Point results to specific areas of your image, either make a selection or add a mask to your image before choosing the Vanishing Point command. See also “Select with the marquee tools” on page 252 and “About masks and alpha channels” on page 274. • To copy something in perspective from one Photoshop document to another, first copy the item while in Vanishing Point in one document.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 236 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming 5. (Photoshop Extended only) Export 3D information and measurements to DXF or 3DS format. Textures are also exported to 3DS format. For detailed information, see “Export measurements, textures, and 3D information” on page 246. 6. Click OK. Grids can be rendered to Photoshop by choosing Render Grids To Photoshop from the Vanishing Point menu before you click OK.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 237 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming Dragging an edge node to increase the size of a plane to accommodate your edits The bounding box and grid of a perspective plane is normally blue. If there’s a problem with the placement of the corner nodes, the plane is invalid, and the bounding box and grid turn either red or yellow. When your plane is invalid, move the corner nodes until the bounding box and grid are blue.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 238 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming 2 (Optional) Do one of the following to change the angle of the newly torn off plane: • With either the Edit Plane tool or Create Plane tool selected, Alt-drag (Windows) or Option-drag (Mac OS) the center edge node on the side that’s opposite from the axis of rotation. • Enter a value in the Angle text box. • Move the Angle slider. 2 3 1 4 Changed plane angle.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 239 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming About selections in Vanishing Point Selections can be helpful when you’re painting or retouching to correct flaws, add elements, or enhance an image. In Vanishing Point, making selections let you paint or fill specific areas in an image while honoring the perspective defined by the planes in the image. Selections can also be used to clone and move specific image content in perspective.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 240 Retouching and transforming Copying a selection and moving a selection from one perspective plane to another More Help topics “Fill selections with another area of an image” on page 241 “Copy selections in Vanishing Point” on page 242 “Define and adjust perspective planes in Vanishing Point” on page 236 Make selections in Vanishing Point 1 Select the Marquee tool.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 241 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming Note: To select an entire plane, double-click the Marquee tool in the plane. Move selections in Vanishing Point 1 Make a selection in a perspective plane. 2 Choose one of the following from the Move Mode menu to determine the behavior when you move a selection: • To select the area you move the selection marquee to, choose Destination.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 242 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming The filled selection becomes a floating selection that you can scale, rotate, move, or clone using the Transform tool, or move or clone using the Marquee tool. A B C Ctrl-dragging (Windows) or Command-dragging (Mac OS) a selection A. Original selection B. Moving the selection to the source image C.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 243 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming Paste an item into Vanishing Point You can paste an item from the clipboard in Vanishing Point. The copied item can be from the same document or a different one. Once pasted into Vanishing Point, the item becomes a floating selection that you can scale, rotate, move or clone. When the floating selection moves into a selected plane, it conforms to the plane’s perspective. A B C Pasting an item into Vanishing Point A.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 244 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming 4 Choose a Healing mode: • To paint without blending with the color, lighting, and shading of the surrounding pixels, choose Off. • To paint and blend the strokes with the lighting of the surrounding pixels while retaining the selected color, choose Luminance. • To paint and blend with the colors, lighting, and shading of the surrounding pixels, choose On.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 245 Retouching and transforming 7 Drag over the area of the image you want to paint. Hold the Shift key down to drag a straight line that conforms to the plane’s perspective. You can also click a point with the Stamp tool and then Shift-click another point to paint a straight line in perspective.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 246 Retouching and transforming Automatically drawing a measurement in Vanishing Point The Measure tool can automatically draw the length and width measurements of a surface that’s defined by a perspective plane. ❖ Double-click the Measure tool in a perspective plane. Move a measurement in Vanishing Point In Vanishing Point, you can move a measurement line without changing its orientation (angle) or length. 1 Select the Measure tool.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 247 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming 2 In the Export DXF or Export 3DS dialog box, select a location for the saved file and click Save. Render grids to Photoshop By default, the Vanishing Point grids are invisible when viewing an image in the Photoshop document window, even though the grids are preserved in the image and appear whenever you launch Vanishing Point.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 248 Retouching and transforming If images overlap by 70% or more, Photomerge may not be able to blend the images. Try to keep the individual photos at least somewhat distinct from each other. Use one focal length If you use a zoom lens, don’t change the focal length (zoom in or out) while taking your pictures.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 249 Last updated 1/10/2010 Retouching and transforming Cylindrical Reduces the “bow-tie” distortion that can occur with the Perspective layout by displaying individual images as on an unfolded cylinder. Overlapping content across files is still matched. The reference image is placed at the center. Best suited for creating wide panoramas. A B Applying Cylindrical Mapping A. Original B.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 250 Retouching and transforming Do not include images that cover the top (zenith) or bottom (nadir) of the scene. You’ll add these images later. 3 Select Spherical for the Layout. If you photographed with a fisheye lens, it’s recommended that you select Auto for the Layout and also select the Geometric Distortion Correction option. 4 (Optional) Select Vignette Removal or Geometric Distortion for the Lens Correction. 5 Click OK.
Last updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 9: Selecting and masking If you want to apply changes to parts of an image, you first need to select the pixels that make up those parts. You select pixels in Adobe Photoshop CS4 using the selection tools or by painting on a mask and loading the mask as a selection. To select and work with vector objects in Photoshop, you use the pen selection and shape tools. This chapter covers pixel selection tools and techniques.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 252 Last updated 1/10/2010 Selecting and masking Deselect selections ❖ Do one of the following: • Choose Select > Deselect. • If you are using the Rectangle Marquee tool, the Elliptical Marquee tool, or the Lasso tool, click anywhere in the image outside the selected area. Reselect the most recent selection ❖ Choose Select > Reselect. Select with the marquee tools The marquee tools let you select rectangles, ellipses, and 1-pixel rows and columns.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 253 Last updated 1/10/2010 Selecting and masking Dragging a marquee from the corner of an image (left), and from the center of an image (right) by pressing Alt/Option as you drag • With the Single Row or Single Column Marquee tool, click near the area you want to select, and then drag the marquee to the exact location. If no marquee is visible, increase the magnification of your image view.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 254 Selecting and masking A B C D Selection options A. New B. Add To C. Subtract From D. Intersect With 3 (Optional) Set feathering and anti-aliasing in the options bar. See “Soften the edges of selections” on page 263. 4 Click in the image to set the starting point. 5 Do one or more of the following: • To draw a straight segment, position the pointer where you want the first straight segment to end, and click.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 255 Selecting and masking To change the lasso pointer so that it indicates the lasso width, press the Caps Lock key. You can change the pointer while the tool is selected but not in use. Press the right bracket (]) to increase the Magnetic Lasso edge width by 1 pixel; press the left bracket ([) to decrease the width by 1 pixel. Contrast To specify the lasso’s sensitivity to edges in the image, enter a value between 1% and 100% for Contrast.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 256 Last updated 1/10/2010 Selecting and masking 11 (Optional) Click Refine Edge to further adjust the selection boundary or view the selection against different backgrounds or as a mask. See “Refine selection edges” on page 262. Select with the Quick Selection tool You can use the Quick Selection tool to quickly “paint” a selection using an adjustable round brush tip. As you drag, the selection expands outward and automatically finds and follows defined edges in the image.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 257 Last updated 1/10/2010 Selecting and masking 6 (Optional) Click Refine Edge to further adjust the selection boundary or view the selection against different backgrounds or as a mask. See “Refine selection edges” on page 262. Select with the Magic Wand tool The Magic Wand tool lets you select a consistently colored area (for example, a red flower) without having to trace its outline.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 258 Selecting and masking 2 Choose the Sampled Colors tool from the Select menu. You can also choose a color or tonal range from the Select menu, but you won’t be able to adjust the selection. The Out-Of-Gamut option works only on RGB and Lab images. (An out-of-gamut color is an RGB or Lab color that cannot be printed using process color printing.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 259 Selecting and masking Increasing fuzziness expands selection If you selected Localized Color Clusters, use the Range slider to control how far or near a color must be from the sample points to be included in the selection. For example, your image contains a patch of yellow flowers in both the foreground and the background, but you want to select just the foreground flowers.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 260 Last updated 1/10/2010 Selecting and masking Note: To move the selection itself, not the selection border, use the Move tool. See “Move a selection” on page 265. More Help topics “Apply transformations” on page 218 “Show or hide Extras” on page 41 Move a selection border 1 Using any selection tool, select New Selection border. The pointer changes from the options bar, and position the pointer inside the selection to indicate that you can move the selection.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 261 Last updated 1/10/2010 Selecting and masking Before manually adding to or subtracting from a selection, you may want to set the feather and anti-aliasing values in the options bar to the same settings used in the original selection. Add to a selection or select an additional area 1 Make a selection. 2 Using any selection tool, do one of the following: • Select the Add To Selection option in the options bar, and drag to add to the selection.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 262 Selecting and masking Create a selection around a selection border The Border command lets you select a width of pixels inside and outside an existing selection border. This can be useful when you need to select a border or band of pixels around an image area, rather than the area itself, for example to clean up a halo effect around a pasted object.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 263 Selecting and masking You can also use Refine Edge options to refine a layer mask. See “Change mask opacity or refine edges” on page 326. 1 Create a selection with any selection tool. 2 Click Refine Edge in the selection tool options bar or choose Select > Refine Edge to set options for adjusting the selection: Radius Determines the size of the region around the selection boundary in which edge refinement occurs.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 264 Selecting and masking Note: Feathering effects become apparent only after you move, cut, copy, or fill the selection. Select pixels using anti-aliasing 1 Select the Lasso tool, the Polygonal Lasso tool, the Magnetic Lasso tool, the Elliptical Marquee tool, or the Magic Wand tool. 2 Select Anti-aliased in the options bar. Define a feathered edge for a selection tool 1 Select any of the lasso or marquee tools. 2 Enter a Feather value in the options bar.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 265 Last updated 1/10/2010 Selecting and masking • Remove Black Matte and Remove White Matte are useful when a selection is anti-aliased against a white or black background and you want to paste it onto a different background. For example, anti-aliased black text on a white background has gray pixels at the edges, which are visible against a colored background.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 266 Last updated 1/10/2010 Selecting and masking Paste Into Pastes a cut or copied selection inside another selection in the same image or a different image. The source selection is pasted onto a new layer, and the destination selection border is converted into a layer mask. When a selection or layer is pasted between images with different resolutions, the pasted data retains its pixel dimensions. This can make the pasted portion appear out of proportion to the new image.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 267 Last updated 1/10/2010 Selecting and masking Paste one selection into another 1 Cut or copy the part of the image you want to paste. 2 Select the part of the image into which you want to paste the selection. The source selection and the destination selection can be in the same image or in two different Photoshop images. 3 Choose Edit > Paste Into. The contents of the source selection appear within the destination selection.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 268 Selecting and masking Copy between applications You can use the Cut, Copy, or Paste commands to copy selections from Photoshop and paste them into other applications, or to paste artwork from other applications into Photoshop. The cut or copied selection remains on the clipboard until you cut or copy another selection. You can also copy artwork between Photoshop and Illustrator by dragging and dropping.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 269 Selecting and masking Copy artwork by dragging and dropping ❖ Do one of the following: • Drag one or more Illustrator vector objects into an open image in Photoshop. This creates a vector Smart Object layer in the image. Choose Layer > Smart Objects > Edit Content to reopen the content in Illustrator for editing. • To copy the vector object as a path in Photoshop, hold down Ctrl (Windows) or Command (Mac OS) as you drag from Illustrator.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 270 Selecting and masking The file size required for a channel depends on the pixel information in the channel. Certain file formats, including TIFF and Photoshop formats, compress channel information and can save space. The size of an uncompressed file, including alpha channels and layers, appears as the right-most value in the status bar at the bottom of the window when you choose Document Sizes from the pop-up menu.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 271 Selecting and masking To show or hide multiple channels, drag through the eye column in the Channels panel. Show color channels in color Individual channels are displayed in grayscale. In RGB, CMYK, or Lab images, you can view the individual channels in color. (In Lab images, only the a and b channels appear in color.) If more than one channel is active, the channels always appear in color.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 272 Last updated 1/10/2010 Selecting and masking More Help topics “Create a new spot channel” on page 497 Duplicate channels You can copy a channel and use it in the current image or another image. Duplicate a channel If you are duplicating alpha channels between images, the channels must have identical pixel dimensions. You cannot duplicate a channel to a Bitmap-mode image. 1 In the Channels panel, select the channel to duplicate.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 273 Last updated 1/10/2010 Selecting and masking Merge channels Multiple grayscale images can be combined as the channels of a single image. The images you want to merge must be in grayscale mode, be flattened (have no layers), have the same pixel dimensions, and be open. The number of grayscale images you have open determines the color modes available when merging channels.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 274 Last updated 1/10/2010 Selecting and masking Saving selections and using masks About masks and alpha channels When you select part of an image, the area that is not selected is “masked”, or protected from editing. So, when you create a mask, you isolate and protect areas of an image as you apply color changes, filters, or other effects to the rest of the image. You can also use masks for complex image editing such as gradually applying color or filter effects to an image.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 275 Last updated 1/10/2010 Selecting and masking Create a temporary quick mask To use Quick Mask mode, start with a selection and then add to or subtract from it to make the mask. You can also create the mask entirely in Quick Mask mode. Color differentiates the protected and unprotected areas. When you leave Quick Mask mode, the unprotected areas become a selection. Note: A temporary Quick Mask channel appears in the Channels panel while you work in Quick Mask mode.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 276 Last updated 1/10/2010 Selecting and masking A B C Painting in Quick Mask mode A. Original selection and Quick Mask mode with green chosen as mask color B. Painting with white in Quick Mask mode adds to the selection C. Painting with black in Quick Mask mode subtracts from the selection 5 Click the Standard Mode button in the toolbox to turn off the quick mask and return to your original image. A selection border now surrounds the unprotected area of the quick mask.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 277 Last updated 1/10/2010 Selecting and masking Selected Areas Sets masked areas to white (transparent) and selected areas to black (opaque). Painting with white increases the masked area; painting with black increases the selected area. When this option is selected, the Quick Mask .
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 278 Selecting and masking Spot Color Converts an alpha channel to a spot color channel. Only available for existing channels. Color Sets the color and opacity of the mask. Click the color field to change the color. The color and opacity settings affect only the appearance of the mask and have no effect on how underlying areas are protected. Changing these settings may make the mask more easily visible against the colors in the image.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 279 Last updated 1/10/2010 Selecting and masking Subtract From Channel Deletes the selection from the channel contents. Intersect With Channel Keeps the areas of the new selection that intersect with the channel contents. You can select the channel from the Channels panel to see the saved selection displayed in grayscale. Load a saved selection from the Channels panel You can reuse a previously saved selection by loading it into an image.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 280 Selecting and masking Channel calculations Blending layers and channels You can use the blending effects associated with layers to combine channels within and between images into new images. You can use either the Apply Image command (on single and composite channels) or the Calculations command (on single channels). These commands offer two additional blending modes not available in the Layers panel—Add and Subtract.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 281 Selecting and masking Blend channels with the Calculations command The Calculations command lets you blend two individual channels from one or more source images. You can then apply the results to a new image or to a new channel or selection in the active image. You cannot apply the Calculations command to composite channels. 1 Open the source image or images. Note: If you are using more than one source image, the images must have the same pixel dimensions.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 282 Selecting and masking Subtract Subtracts the pixel values in the source channel from the corresponding pixels in the target channel. As with Add mode, the result is then divided by the Scale factor and added to the Offset value. The Scale factor may be any number between 1.000 and 2.000. The Offset value lets you lighten or darken the pixels in the destination channel by any brightness value between +255 and –255.
Last updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 10: Layers Layers are the building blocks of many image creation workflows. You may not need to work with layers if you are doing simple image adjustments, but layers help you work efficiently and are essential to most nondestructive image editing. Layer basics About layers Photoshop layers are like sheets of stacked acetate. You can see through transparent areas of a layer to the layers below.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 284 Last updated 1/10/2010 Layers Video layers You can use video layers to add video to an image. After importing a video clip into an image as a video layer, you can mask the layer, transform it, apply layer effects, paint on individual frames, or rasterize an individual frame and convert it to a standard layer. Use the Timeline panel to play the video within the image or to access individual frames. See “Supported video and image sequence formats (Photoshop Extended)” on page 534.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 285 Layers Convert background and layers When you create a new image with a white background or a colored background, the bottommost image in the Layers panel is called Background. An image can have only one background layer. You cannot change the stacking order of a background layer, its blending mode, or its opacity. However, you can convert a background into a regular layer, and then change any of these attributes.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 286 Last updated 1/10/2010 Layers Opacity Specifies an opacity level for the layer or group. Fill With Mode-Neutral Color Fills the layer with a preset, neutral color. Note: To add currently selected layers to a new group, choose Layer > Group Layers, or Shift-click the New Group button at the bottom of the Layers Panel. Create a new layer with effects from another layer 1 Select the existing layer in the Layers panel.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 287 Last updated 1/10/2010 Layers Create a new document from a layer or group 1 Select a layer or group from the Layers panel. 2 Choose Duplicate Layer or Duplicate Group from the Layers menu or the Layers panel menu. 3 Choose New from the Document pop-up menu, and click OK. Show or hide a layer, group, or style ❖ Do one of the following in the Layers panel: • Click the eye icon next to a layer, group, or layer effect to hide its content in the document window.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 288 Last updated 1/10/2010 Layers Selecting, grouping, and linking layers Select layers You can select one or more layers to work on them. For some activities, such as painting or making color and tonal adjustments, you can work on only one layer at a time. A single selected layer is called the active layer. The name of the active layer appears in the title bar of the document window.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 289 Last updated 1/10/2010 Layers 2 Click the triangle to the left of the folder icon . 3 Click the individual layer in the group. Group and ungroup layers 1 Select multiple layers in the Layers panel. 2 Do one of the following: • Choose Layer > Group Layers. • Alt-drag (Windows) or Option-drag (Mac OS) layers to the folder icon at the bottom of the Layers panel to group the layers. 3 To Ungroup the layers, select the group and choose Layer > Ungroup Layers.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 290 Last updated 1/10/2010 Layers • Select a layer or group, choose Layer > Arrange, and choose a command from the submenu. If the selected item is in a group, the command applies to the stacking order within the group. If the selected item is not in a group, the command applies to the stacking order within the Layers panel. • To reverse the order of selected layers, choose Layer > Arrange > Reverse. These options appear dimmed if you do not have at least two layers selected.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 291 Last updated 1/10/2010 Layers Align objects on different layers You can align the content of layers and groups using the Move tool page 290.) . (See “Move the content of layers” on 1 Do one of the following: • To align multiple layers, select the layers with the Move tool or in the Layers panel, or select a group. • To align the content of one or more layers to a selection border, make a selection in the image, and then select the layers in the Layers panel.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 292 Layers Using the Auto-Align Layers command, you can combine images in several ways: • Replace or delete parts of images that have the same background. After aligning the images, use masking or blending effects to combine parts of each image into one image. • Stitch images together that share overlapping content. • For video frames shot against a static background, you can convert frames into layers, then add or delete content across multiple frames.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 293 Layers Note: Geometric Distortion will try to take into account the radical distortion to improve the result of the alignment, except with fish eye lens; when fish eye metadata is detected, Geometric Distortion will align the images for fish eye After auto-aligning, you can use Edit > Free Transform to fine tune the alignment or make tonal adjustments to even out exposure differences between layers, then combine the layers into one composite image.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 294 Last updated 1/10/2010 Layers For a video on using Auto-Align and Auto-Blend to create a panorama and increase depth of field, and using contentaware scaling, see www.adobe.com/go/lrvid4120_ps. More Help topics “Combine multiple images into a group portrait” on page 331 “Create panoramic images with Photomerge” on page 247 Rotate a layer 1 From the Layers panel, select the layer you want to rotate. 2 If anything is currently selected in the image, choose Select > Deselect.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 295 Layers Apply lock options to selected layers or a group 1 Select multiple layers or a group. 2 Choose Lock Layers or Lock All Layers In Group from the Layers menu or the Layers panel menu. 3 Select lock options, and click OK. Managing layers Rename a layer or group As you add layers to an image, it’s helpful to give them names that reflect their content. Descriptive names make layers easy to identify in the panel.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 296 Last updated 1/10/2010 Layers Layer Rasterizes all vector data on the selected layers. All Layers Rasterizes all layers that contain vector and generated data. Note: To rasterize linked layers, select a linked layer, choose Layer > Select Linked Layers, and then rasterize the selected layers. Delete a layer or group Deleting layers you no longer need reduces the size of your image file. 1 Select one or more layers or groups from the Layers panel.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 297 Layers Merge two layers or groups 1 Make sure that the layers and groups you want to merge are visible. 2 Select the layers and groups you want to merge. 3 Choose Layer > Merge Layers. Note: You can merge two adjacent layers or groups by selecting the top item and then choosing Layer > Merge Layers. You can merge linked layers by choosing Layer > Select Linked Layers, and then merging the selected layers.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 298 Layers Setting opacity and blending Specify opacity for a layer or group A layer’s opacity determines to what degree it obscures or reveals the layer beneath it. A layer with 1% opacity appears nearly transparent, whereas one with 100% opacity appears completely opaque. Note: You cannot change the opacity of a background layer or a locked layer. You can, however, convert a background layer into a regular layer, which does support transparency.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 299 Layers Note: There is no Clear blending mode for layers. In addition, the Color Dodge, Color Burn, Darken, Lighten, Difference, and Exclusion modes are unavailable for Lab images. Layer blending modes available for 32-bit files are Normal, Dissolve, Darken, Multiply, Linear Dodge (Add), Color Darken, Lighten, Color Lighten, Difference, Hue, Saturation, Color, and Luminosity. 1 Select a layer or group from the Layers panel.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 300 Last updated 1/10/2010 Layers • To reveal a layer above the background, place the layers you want to punch through in a group. The top layer in the group will punch through the grouped layers to the next layer below the group. • To reveal the base layer of a clipping mask, place the layers you want to use in a clipping mask. (See “Mask layers with clipping masks” on page 329.) Make sure that the Blend Clipped Layers As Group option is selected for the base layer.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 301 Last updated 1/10/2010 Layers You can also apply the blending mode of a layer to layer effects that modify opaque pixels, such as Inner Glow or Color Overlay, without changing layer effects that modify only transparent pixels, such as Outer Glow or Drop Shadow. 1 Select the layer that you want to affect. 2 Double-click a layer thumbnail, choose Blending Options from the Layers panel menu, or choose Layer > Layer Style > Blending Options.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 302 Layers Specify a tonal range for blending layers The sliders in the Blending Options dialog box control which pixels from the active layer and the underlying visible layers appear in the final image. For example, you can drop dark pixels out of the active layer or force bright pixels from the underlying layers to show through. You can also define a range of partially blended pixels to produce a smooth transition between blended and unblended areas.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 303 Last updated 1/10/2010 Layers A B C Layers panel showing layer with multiple effects applied A. Layer effects icon B. Click to expand and show layer effects C. Layer effects When you save a custom style, it becomes a preset style. Preset styles appear in the Styles panel and can be applied to a layer or group with a single click. Apply preset styles You can apply preset styles from the Styles panel.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 304 Last updated 1/10/2010 Layers Change how preset styles are displayed 1 Click the triangle in the Styles panel, Layer Style dialog box, or Layer Style pop-up panel in the options bar. 2 Choose a display option from the panel menu: • Text Only to view the layer styles as a list. • Small Thumbnail or Large Thumbnail to view the layer styles as thumbnails. • Small List or Large List to view the layer styles as a list, with a thumbnail of the selected layer style displayed.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 305 Last updated 1/10/2010 Layers • To edit an existing style, double-click an effect displayed below the layer name in the Layers panel. (Click the triangle next to the Add a Layer Style icon to display the effects contained in the style.) 3 Set effect options in the Layer Style dialog box. See “Layer style options” on page 305. 4 Add other effects to the style, if desired.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 306 Layers Jitter Varies the application of a gradient’s color and opacity. Layer Knocks Out Drop Shadow Controls the drop shadow’s visibility in a semitransparent layer. Noise Specifies the number of random elements in the opacity of a glow or shadow. Enter a value or drag the slider. Opacity Sets the opacity of the layer effect. Enter a value or drag the slider. Pattern Specifies the pattern of a layer effect. Click the pop-up panel and choose a pattern.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 307 Layers Modify layer effects with contours When you create custom layer styles, you can use contours to control the shape of Drop Shadow, Inner Shadow, Inner Glow, Outer Glow, Bevel and Emboss, and Satin effects over a given range. For example, a Linear contour on a Drop Shadow causes the opacity to drop off in a linear transition. Use a Custom contour to create a unique shadow transition.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 308 Last updated 1/10/2010 Layers Display or hide layer styles When a layer has a style, an “fx” icon appears to the right of the layer’s name in the Layers panel. Hide or show all layer styles in an image ❖ Choose Layer > Layer Style > Hide All Effects or Show All Effects. Expand or collapse layer styles in the Layers panel ❖ Do one of the following: • Click the triangle next to the Add a Layer Style icon to expand the list of layer effects applied to that layer.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 309 Layers • Select a style in the Styles area of the Layer Style dialog box. (See “Apply preset styles” on page 303.) Then choose Delete Style from the pop-up menu. • When using a shape or Pen tool, select a style from the Layer Style pop-up panel in the options bar. Then choose Delete Style from the pop-up panel menu. Save a set of preset styles as a library 1 Do one of the following: • Choose Save Styles from the Styles panel menu.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 310 Last updated 1/10/2010 Layers • Drag one or more layer effects from the Layers panel to the image to apply the resulting layer style to the highest layer in the Layers panel that contains pixels at the drop point. Scale a layer effect A layer style may have been fine-tuned for a target resolution and features of a given size. Using Scale Effects allows you to scale the effects in the layer style without scaling the object to which the layer style is applied.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 311 Layers Adjustment and fill layers About adjustment and fill layers An adjustment layer applies color and tonal adjustments to your image without permanently changing pixel values. For example, rather than making a Levels or Curves adjustment directly to your image, you can create a Levels or Curves adjustment layer.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 312 Last updated 1/10/2010 Layers A B C D Adjustment and fill layers A. Adjustment layer confined to “Log home” layer only B. Layer thumbnail C. Fill layer D. Layer mask Create an adjustment layer For information on specific adjustment layer options, see “Color and tonal adjustments” on page 153. ❖ Do one of the following: • Click an adjustment icon or select an adjustment preset in the Adjustments panel.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 313 Layers Create an adjustment or fill layer mask using a selection or path 1 In the Layers panel, select the layer to which you want to apply the adjustment or fill layer. 2 In the image, create a pixel selection, or create and select a closed path. A selection confines the new adjustment or fill layer with a layer mask. A path confines the new adjustment or fill layer with a vector mask. 3 Create an adjustment or fill layer.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 314 Layers 2 Make the desired changes in the Adjustments panel. Note: Inverted adjustment layers do not have editable settings. Merging adjustment or fill layers You can merge an adjustment or fill layer several ways: with the layer below it, with the layers in its own grouped layer, with other selected layers, and with all other visible layers. You cannot, however, use an adjustment or fill layer as the target layer for a merge.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 315 Layers More Help topics “About Camera Raw” on page 79 “About adjustment and fill layers” on page 311 “Crop images” on page 196 “About layer and vector masks” on page 323 “Retouch with the Clone Stamp tool” on page 201 “Retouch with the Healing Brush tool” on page 204 “Retouch with the Spot Healing Brush tool” on page 205 About Smart Objects Smart Objects are layers that contain image data from raster or vector images, such as Photoshop or Illustrator files.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 316 Layers Create Smart Objects ❖ Do any of the following: • Choose File > Open As Smart Object, select a file, and click Open. • Choose File > Place to import files as Smart Objects into an open Photoshop document. Although you can place JPEG files, it's better to place PSD, TIFF, or PSB files because you can add layers, modify pixels, and resave the file without loss.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 317 Layers Photoshop updates the Smart Object to reflect the changes you made. (If you don’t see the changes, make the Photoshop document containing the Smart Object active). Replace the contents of a Smart Object You can update the image data in one or multiple (if the Smart Objects are linked) instances of a Smart Object. Note: When you replace a Smart Object, any scaling, warping, or effects that you applied to the first Smart Object are maintained.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 318 Last updated 1/10/2010 Layers Use filter masks to selectively mask Smart Filter effects. See “Mask Smart Filters” on page 319. Apply a Smart Filter 1 Do one of the following: • To apply a Smart Filter to an entire Smart Object layer, select the layer in the Layers panel. • To constrain the effects of the Smart Filter to a selected area of a Smart Object layer, make a selection.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 319 Last updated 1/10/2010 Layers Hide Smart Filters ❖ Do one of the following: • To hide a single Smart Filter, click the eye icon next to the Smart Filter in the Layers panel. To show the Smart Filter, click in the column again. • To hide all Smart Filters applied to a Smart Object layer, click the eye icon next to the Smart Filters line in the Layers panel. To show the Smart Filters, click in the column again.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 320 Layers More Help topics “Select and display the layer mask channel” on page 326 “Load a layer or layer mask’s boundaries as a selection” on page 329 Mask Smart Filter effects 1 Click the filter mask thumbnail in the Layers panel to make it active. A border appears around the mask thumbnail. 2 Select any of the editing or painting tools. 3 Do one of the following: • To hide portions of the filter, paint the mask with black.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 321 Last updated 1/10/2010 Layers Delete a Smart Filter mask • Click the filter mask thumbnail in the Layers panel, then click the Delete icon in the Masks panel. • Drag the filter mask thumbnail in the Layers panel to the Delete icon. • Select the Smart Filter Effect, and choose Layer > Smart Filters > Delete Filter Mask. Add a filter mask If you delete a filter mask, you can subsequently add another mask.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 322 Last updated 1/10/2010 Layers Create a layer comp 1 Choose Window > Layer Comps to display the Layer Comps panel. 2 Click the Create New Layer Comp button at the bottom of the Layer Comps panel. The new comp reflects the current state of layers in the Layers panel. 3 In the New Layer Comp dialog box, name the comp, add descriptive comments, and choose options to apply to layers: Visibility, Position, and Appearance. 4 Click OK.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 323 Last updated 1/10/2010 Layers • Right-click (Windows) or Control-click (Mac OS) the caution icon to see the pop-up menu that lets you choose either the Clear Layer Comp Warning or the Clear All Layer Comp Warnings command. Delete a layer comp ❖ Do one of the following: • Select the layer comp in the Layer Comps panel and click the Delete icon in the panel, or choose Delete Layer Comp from the panel menu. • Drag it to the Delete icon in the panel.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 324 Last updated 1/10/2010 Layers A B C D Masking layer A. Layer mask thumbnail B. Vector mask thumbnail C. Vector Mask Link icon D. Add Mask You can edit a layer mask to add or subtract from the masked region. A layer mask is a grayscale image, so areas you paint in black are hidden, areas you paint in white are visible, and areas you paint in shades of gray appear in various levels of transparency.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 325 Layers Add layer masks When you add a layer mask, you need to decide if you want to hide or show all of the layer. Later, you’ll paint on the mask to hide portions of that layer and reveal the layers beneath. Or, you can create a layer mask that automatically hides a portion of the layer by making a selection before creating the mask. Add a mask that shows or hides the entire layer 1 Make sure that no part of your image is selected. Choose Select > Deselect.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 326 Layers To paste a copied selection into a layer mask, Alt-click (Windows) or Option-click (Mac OS) the layer mask thumbnail in the Layers panel to select and display the mask channel. Choose Edit > Paste, then Select > Deselect. The selection is converted to grayscale and added to the mask. Click the layer thumbnail in the Layers panel to deselect the mask channel.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 327 Layers Disable or enable a layer mask ❖ Do one of the following: • Select the layer containing the layer mask you want to disable or enable, and click the Disable/Enable Mask button in the Masks panel. • Shift-click the layer mask thumbnail in the Layers panel. • Select the layer containing the layer mask you want to disable or enable, and choose Layer > Layer Mask > Disable or Layer > Layer Mask > Enable.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 328 Last updated 1/10/2010 Layers Edit a vector mask 1 In the Layers panel, select the layer containing the vector mask you want to edit. 2 Click the Vector Mask button in the Masks panel or the thumbnail in the Paths panel. Then change the shape using the shape, pen, or Direct Selection tools. See “Editing paths” on page 377. Change vector mask opacity or feather mask edges 1 In the Layers panel, select the layer containing the vector mask.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 329 Layers Apply or delete a layer mask You can apply a layer mask to permanently delete the hidden portions of a layer. Layer masks are stored as alpha channels, so applying and deleting layer masks can help reduce file size. You can also delete a layer mask without applying the changes. 1 In the Layers panel, select the layer containing the layer mask. 2 In the Masks panel, click the Pixel Mask button.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 330 Last updated 1/10/2010 Layers Clipping mask: content of the clipped layer (Potatoes) is only visible within the content of the base layer (Logo) You can use multiple layers in a clipping mask, but they must be successive layers. The name of the base layer in the mask is underlined, and the thumbnails for the overlying layers are indented. The overlying layers display a clipping .
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 331 Layers Combine multiple images into a group portrait You can use the Auto-Align Layers command from the Edit menu to make a composite photo from a pair of nearly identical images that may contain some unwanted areas. For example, one shot of a group portrait is ideal except that one of the subjects has her eyes closed. In another shot her eyes are open.
Last updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 11: Painting Painting changes the color of image pixels. You use painting tools and techniques to retouch images, create or edit masks on alpha channels, rotoscope or paint on video frames, and to paint original art. Brush tips, brush presets, and the many brush options give you creative control to produce stunning painting effects or to simulate working with traditional media.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 333 Last updated 1/10/2010 Painting Paint with the Brush tool or Pencil tool The Brush tool and the Pencil tool paint the current foreground color on an image. The Brush tool creates soft strokes of color. The Pencil tool creates hard-edged lines. Note: The Rotation tool rotates the canvas, which can facilitate easier painting. See “Use the Rotate View tool” on page 28. 1 Choose a foreground color. (See “Choose colors in the toolbox” on page 118.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 334 Last updated 1/10/2010 Painting Paint with a pattern The Pattern Stamp tool paints with a pattern. You can select a pattern from the pattern libraries or create your own patterns. 1 Select the Pattern Stamp tool . 2 Choose a brush from the Brush Presets picker. See “Select a preset brush” on page 337.) 3 Set tool options for mode, opacity, etc. in the options bar. See “Paint tool options” on page 333.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 335 Last updated 1/10/2010 Painting • For Area, enter a value to specify the area covered by the paint strokes. The greater the size, the larger the covered area and the more numerous the strokes. • For Tolerance, enter a value to limit the regions where paint strokes can be applied. A low tolerance lets you paint unlimited strokes anywhere in the image. A high tolerance limits paint strokes to areas that differ considerably from the color in the source state or snapshot.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 336 Last updated 1/10/2010 Painting 2 Do the following in the options bar: • Enter a tolerance value to define the range of colors that can be erased. A low tolerance erases pixels within a range of color values very similar to the pixel you click. A high tolerance extends the range of colors that will be erased. • Select Anti-aliased to smooth the edges of the area you erase.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 337 Last updated 1/10/2010 Painting 5 Drag through the area you want to erase. The Background Eraser tool pointer appears as a brush shape with a cross hair indicating the tool’s hot spot . Auto Erase with the Pencil tool The Auto Erase option for the Pencil tool lets you paint the background color over areas containing the foreground color. 1 Specify foreground and background colors. 2 Select the Pencil tool . 3 Select Auto Erase in the options bar. 4 Drag over the image.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 338 Last updated 1/10/2010 Painting Note: You can also select a brush from the Brushes panel. To view the loaded presets, select Brush Presets on the left side of the panel. 3 Change options for the preset brush. Diameter Temporarily changes the brush size. Drag the slider or enter a value. If the brush has a dual tip, both the primary and dual brush tips are scaled. Use Sample Size Uses the original diameter of the brush tip if the brush tip shape is based on a sample.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 339 Last updated 1/10/2010 Painting 2 Choose a location for the brush library, enter a file name, and click Save. You can save the library anywhere. However, if you place the library file in the Presets/Brushes folder in the default preset location, the library name will appear at the bottom of the Brush Preset picker menu and Brushes panel menu after you restart Photoshop. You can also use the Preset Manager to rename, delete, and save libraries of preset brushes.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 340 Last updated 1/10/2010 Painting The brush stroke preview at the bottom of the panel shows how paint strokes look with the current brush options. A B C F G D H E Brushes panel with Brush Tip Shape options displayed A. Locked B. Unlocked C. Selected brush tip D. Brush settings E. Brush stroke preview F. pop-up menu G. Brush tip shapes (available when Brush Tip Shape option is selected) H. Brush options Display the Brushes panel and brush options 1 Choose Window > Brushes.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 341 Last updated 1/10/2010 Painting 2 In the Brushes panel, choose an existing brush preset to modify or select a brush shape from the Brush Tip Shape panel of the Brushes panel. You can also create a new brush tip from an image. 3 Select Brush Tip Shape on the left side of the Brushes panel, and set options. See “Brush tip shape options” on page 341.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 342 Last updated 1/10/2010 Painting A B C Flipping a brush tip on its x axis. A. Brush tip in its default position B. Flip X selected C. Flip X and Flip Y selected Flip Y Changes the direction of a brush tip on its y axis. A B C Flipping a brush tip on its y axis. A. Brush tip in its default position B. Flip Y selected C. Flip Y and Flip X selected Angle Specifies the angle by which an elliptical or sampled brush’s long axis is rotated from horizontal.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 343 Painting Brush strokes with different hardness values Spacing Controls the distance between the brush marks in a stroke. To change the spacing, type a number, or use the slider to enter a value that is a percentage of the brush diameter. When this option is deselected, the speed of the cursor determines the spacing.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 344 Painting More Help topics “Brushes panel overview” on page 339 “Create a brush and set painting options” on page 340 Brush shape dynamics Shape dynamics determine the variance of brush marks in a stroke. Brush stokes without shape dynamics and with shape dynamics Size Jitter and Control Specifies how the size of brush marks vary in a stroke. For more information, see “Adding brush dynamics” on page 343.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 345 Painting Roundness Jitter and Control Specifies how the roundness of brush marks varies in a stroke. To specify the maximum percentage of jittering, enter a percentage indicating the ratio between the brush’s short and long axes. To specify how you want to control the roundness variance of brush marks, choose an option from the Control pop-up menu: • Off Specifies no control over the roundness variance of brush marks.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 346 Painting • Fade Fades the number of brush marks from the Count value to 1 in the specified number of steps. • Pen Pressure, Pen Tilt, Stylus Wheel, Rotation Varies the number of brush marks based on the pen pressure, pen tilt, position of the pen thumbwheel, or rotation of the pen.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 347 Last updated 1/10/2010 Painting • Pen Pressure, Pen Tilt, Stylus Wheel, Rotation Varies the depth based on the pen pressure, pen tilt, position of the pen thumbwheel, or rotation of the pen. More Help topics “Adding brush dynamics” on page 343 “Create a brush and set painting options” on page 340 Dual brushes A dual brush combines two tips to create brush marks.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 348 Painting Brush strokes without color dynamics (left) and with color dynamics (right) Foreground/Background Jitter and Control Specifies how paint varies between the foreground color and background color. To specify a percentage by which the color of the paint can vary, type a number, or use the slider to enter a value.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 349 Painting Brush strokes without paint dynamics (left) and with paint dynamics (right) Opacity Jitter and Control Specifies how the opacity of paint varies in a brush stroke, up to (but not exceeding) the opacity value specified in the options bar. To specify a percentage by which the opacity of the paint can vary, type a number or use the slider to enter a value.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 350 Last updated 1/10/2010 Painting Copy textures between tools When you specify a texture for the current tool, you can copy the texture’s pattern and scale to all tools that support textures. For example, you can copy the current texture pattern and scale for the Brush tool to the Pencil, Clone Stamp, Pattern Stamp, History Brush, Art History Brush, Eraser, Dodge, Burn, and Sponge tools. ❖ Choose Copy Texture to Other Tools from the Brushes panel menu.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 351 Painting List of blending modes Choose from the Mode pop-up menu in the options bar. Note: Only the Normal, Dissolve, Darken, Multiply, Lighten, Linear Dodge (Add), Difference, Hue, Saturation, Color, Luminosity, Lighter Color, and Darker Color blending modes are available for 32-bit images. Normal Edits or paints each pixel to make it the result color. This is the default mode.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 352 Painting darkened, as if it were multiplied. This is useful for adding shadows to an image. Painting with pure black or white results in pure black or white. Vivid Light Burns or dodges the colors by increasing or decreasing the contrast, depending on the blend color. If the blend color (light source) is lighter than 50% gray, the image is lightened by decreasing the contrast.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 353 Last updated 1/10/2010 Painting Blending mode examples These examples show the result of painting part of the image’s face using each blending mode. For a video on blend modes, see www.adobe.com/go/vid0012.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 354 Last updated 1/10/2010 Painting Hard Mix Difference Exclusion Hue Saturation Color Luminosity, 80% opacity Lighter Color Darker Color More Help topics Using blend modes video Gradients Apply a gradient fill The Gradient tool creates a gradual blend between multiple colors. You can choose from preset gradient fills or create your own. Note: The Gradient tool cannot be used with bitmap or indexed-color images. You fill an area with a gradient by dragging in the image.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 355 Painting 4 Select an option for applying the gradient fill in the options bar: Linear gradient Shades from the starting point to the ending point in a straight line. Radial gradient Shades from the starting point to the ending point in a circular pattern. Angle gradient Shades in a counterclockwise sweep around the starting point. Reflected gradient Shades using symmetric linear gradients on either side of the starting point.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 356 Last updated 1/10/2010 Painting Return to the default library of preset gradients ❖ Choose Reset Gradients from the panel menu. You can either replace the current list or append the default library to the current list. Change how preset gradients are displayed ❖ Choose a display option from the panel menu: Text Only Displays the gradients as a list. Small or Large Thumbnail Displays the gradients as thumbnails.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 357 Last updated 1/10/2010 Painting 2 Click inside the gradient sample in the options bar to display the Gradient Editor dialog box. 3 To base the new gradient on an existing gradient, select a gradient in the Presets section of the dialog box. 4 Choose Solid from the Gradient Type pop-up menu. 5 To define the starting color of the gradient, click the left color stop under the gradient bar. The triangle above the stop turns black , indicating that the starting color is being edited.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 358 Last updated 1/10/2010 Painting 5 To adjust the location of the starting or ending opacity, do one of the following: • Drag the corresponding opacity stop to the left or right. • Select the corresponding opacity stop, and enter a value for Location. 6 To adjust the location of the midpoint opacity (the point midway between the starting and ending opacities), do one of the following: • Drag the diamond above the gradient bar to the left or right.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 359 Last updated 1/10/2010 Painting Filling and stroking selections, layers, and paths You can fill the inside of a selection, path, or layer with a color or pattern. You can also add color to the outline of a selection or path, called stroking. Fill with the Paint Bucket tool The Paint Bucket tool fills adjacent pixels that are similar in color value to the pixels you click. Note: The Paint Bucket tool cannot be used with images in Bitmap mode. 1 Choose a foreground color.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 360 Painting 5 Specify the blending mode and opacity for the paint. (See “List of blending modes” on page 351.) 6 If you’re working in a layer and want to fill only areas containing pixels, choose Preserve Transparency. 7 Click the OK button to apply the fill. To apply a foreground color fill only to the areas that contain pixels, press Alt+Shift+Backspace (Windows) or Option+Shift+Delete (Mac OS). This preserves the transparency of the layer.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 361 Last updated 1/10/2010 Painting 7 If you’re working in a layer and want to stroke only areas containing pixels, select the Preserve Transparency option. (See “Lock layers” on page 294.) More Help topics “Stroke paths with color” on page 388 Draw a circle or square You can draw a circle or square using the elliptical or rectangular marquee tools, and then add a line (called a stroke) to the selection marquee.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 362 Painting Define an image as a preset pattern 1 Use the Rectangle Marquee tool on any open image to select an area to use as a pattern. Feather must be set to 0 pixels. Note that large images may become unwieldy. 2 Choose Edit > Define Pattern. 3 Enter a name for the pattern in the Pattern Name dialog box. Note: If you are using a pattern from one image and applying it to another, Photoshop converts the color mode.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 363 Painting • Hold down Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS), position the pointer over a pattern (the pointer turns into scissors), and click. The pattern is deleted only from the displayed group. To display the full library again, see “Load a library of patterns” on page 362.
Last updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 12: Drawing The drawing tools (the Pen and shape tools) let you create and edit vector shapes. You can work with shapes in shape layers and as paths; you can also create rasterized shapes, which can be edited with the painting tools. The drawing tools provide an easy way to create buttons, navigation bars, and other items used on web pages. About drawing Understanding shapes and paths Drawing in Adobe Photoshop CS4 involves creating vector shapes and paths.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 365 Last updated 1/10/2010 Drawing Paths Draws a work path on the current layer that you can then use to make a selection, create a vector mask, or fill and stroke with color to create raster graphics (much as you would using a painting tool). A work path is temporary unless you save it. Paths appear in the Paths panel. Fill Pixels Paints directly on a layer—much as a painting tool does. When you work in this mode, you’re creating raster images—not vector graphics.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 366 Last updated 1/10/2010 Drawing Drawing from the corner (left) and drawing from the center (right) Note: Drawing from the center out is the default behavior of the Star tool in Illustrator and the Polygon tool in Illustrator and Photoshop.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 367 Last updated 1/10/2010 Drawing 5 Drag within the new shape to create the cutout. When you release the mouse, the image underneath the new shape shows through. 6 To reposition either shape, click the Path Selection tool in the toolbox (it may be hidden by the Direct Selection tool ), and select the path. Drag it to its new location or use the arrow keys on the keyboard to nudge it a pixel at a time. Shift-click to select more than one path.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 368 Drawing 4 Set additional tool-specific options. See “Shape tool options” on page 368. 5 Draw the shape. Edit shapes A shape is a fill layer linked to a vector mask. You can easily change the fill to a different color, a gradient, or a pattern by editing the shape’s fill layer. You can also edit the shape’s vector mask to modify the shape outline, and apply a style to the layer.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 369 Drawing Proportional Renders a rectangle, rounded rectangle, or ellipse as a proportional shape based on the values you enter in the Width and Height text boxes. Radius For rounded rectangles, specifies the corner radius. For polygons, specifies the distance from the center of a polygon to the outer points. Sides Specifies the number of sides in a polygon. Smooth Corners or Smooth Indents Renders a polygon with smooth corners or indents.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 370 Drawing Clicking Pen tool creates straight segments. 1 Select the Pen tool. 2 Position the Pen tool where you want the straight segment to begin, and click to define the first anchor point (do not drag). Note: The first segment you draw will not be visible until you click a second anchor point. (Select the Rubber Band option in Photoshop to preview path segments.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 371 Last updated 1/10/2010 Drawing Hold down the Shift key to constrain the tool to multiples of 45°. A B C Drawing the first point in a curve A. Positioning Pen tool B. Starting to drag (mouse button pressed) C. Dragging to extend direction lines 4 Position the Pen tool where you want the curve segment to end, and do one of the following: • To create a C-shaped curve, drag in a direction opposite to the previous direction line. Then release the mouse button.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 372 Last updated 1/10/2010 Drawing 6 Complete the path by doing one of the following: • To close the path, position the Pen tool over the first (hollow) anchor point. A small circle appears next to the Pen tool pointer when it is positioned correctly. Click or drag to close the path. Note: To close a path in InDesign, you can also select the object and choose Object > Paths > Close Path.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 373 Last updated 1/10/2010 Drawing A B C Drawing a straight segment followed by a curved segment (part 2) A. Positioning Pen tool B. Dragging direction line C. New curve segment completed Draw curves followed by straight lines 1 Using the Pen tool, drag to create the first smooth point of the curved segment, and release the mouse button. 2 Reposition the Pen tool where you want the curved segment to end, drag to complete the curve, and release the mouse button.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 374 Last updated 1/10/2010 Drawing Draw with the Freeform Pen tool The Freeform Pen tool lets you draw as if you were drawing with a pencil on paper. Anchor points are added automatically as you draw. You do not determine where the points are positioned, but you can adjust them once the path is complete. To draw with greater precision, use the Pen tool. 1 Select the Freeform Pen tool .
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 375 Drawing Click to add fastening points, and continue tracing. 4 If the border doesn’t snap to the desired edge, click once to add a fastening point manually and to keep the border from moving. Continue to trace the edge and add fastening points as needed. If you make a mistake, press Delete to remove the last fastening point.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 376 Last updated 1/10/2010 Drawing Change the size of path thumbnails Choose Panel Options from the Paths panel menu, and select a size, or select None to turn off the display of thumbnails. Change a path’s stacking order ❖ Select the path in the Paths panel, and drag the path up or down. When the heavy black line appears in the desired location, release the mouse button. Note: You cannot change the order of vector masks or working paths in the Paths panel.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 377 Last updated 1/10/2010 Drawing Save a work path • To save without renaming, drag the work path name to the New Path button at the bottom of the Paths panel. • To save and rename, choose Save Path from the Paths panel menu, enter a new path name in the Save Path dialog box, and click OK. Rename a saved path ❖ Double-click the path name in the Paths panel, type a new name, and press Enter (Windows) or Return (Mac OS). Delete a path 1 Click the path name in the Paths panel.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 378 Drawing Smooth point and corner point When you move a direction line on a smooth point, the curved segments on both sides of the point are adjusted simultaneously. By comparison, when you move a direction line on a corner point, only the curve on the same side of the point as the direction line is adjusted. Adjusting a smooth point and a corner point A path does not have to be one connected series of segments.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 379 Last updated 1/10/2010 Drawing • To select a path segment, select the Direct Selection tool , and click one of the segment’s anchor points, or drag a marquee over part of the segment. Drag a marquee to select segments. 2 To select additional path components or segments, select the Path Selection tool or the Direct Selection tool, and then hold down Shift while selecting additional paths or segments.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 380 Last updated 1/10/2010 Drawing Adjust the position or shape of curved segments 1 With the Direct Selection tool, select a curved segment, or an anchor point on either end of the curved segment. Direction lines appear, if any are present. (Some curved segments use just one direction line.) 2 Do any of the following: • To adjust the position of the segment, drag the segment. Shift-drag to constrain the adjustment to multiples of 45°. Click to select the curve segment.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 381 Last updated 1/10/2010 Drawing 3 Do one of the following: • To create a corner point, position the Pen tool where you want to end the new segment, and click. If you are extending a path that ends at a smooth point, the new segment will be curved by the existing direction line. Note: In Illustrator, if you extend a path that ends in a smooth point, the new segment will be straight.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 382 Last updated 1/10/2010 Drawing 2 Choose a shape area option in the options bar: Add To Shape Area Adds the path area to overlapping path areas. Removes the path area from overlapping path areas. Subtract From Shape Area Intersect Shape Areas Restricts the area to the intersection of the selected path area and overlapping path areas. Exclude Overlapping Shape Areas Excludes the overlap area.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 383 Last updated 1/10/2010 Drawing • To copy and rename a path, Alt-drag (Windows) or Option-drag (Mac OS) the path in the Paths panel to the New Path button at the bottom of the panel. Or select the path to copy, and choose Duplicate Path from the Paths panel menu. Enter a new name for the path in the Duplicate Path dialog box, and click OK. • To copy a path or path component into another path, select the path or path component you want to copy, and choose Edit > Copy.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 384 Last updated 1/10/2010 Drawing Add or delete anchor points Adding anchor points can give you more control over a path or it can extend an open path. However, it’s a good idea not to add more points than necessary. A path with fewer points is easier to edit, display, and print. You can reduce the complexity of a path by deleting unnecessary points. The toolbox contains three tools for adding or deleting points: the Pen tool Delete Anchor Point tool .
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 385 Drawing Dragging a direction point out of a corner point to create a smooth point • To convert a smooth point to a corner point without direction lines, click the smooth point. Clicking a smooth point to create a corner point • To convert a corner point without direction lines to a corner point with independent direction lines, first drag a direction point out of a corner point (making it a smooth point with direction lines).
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 386 Last updated 1/10/2010 Drawing Convert a path to a selection border using the current settings 1 Select the path in the Paths panel. 2 To convert the path, do one of the following: • Click the Load Path as a Selection button at the bottom of the Paths panel. • Ctrl-click (Windows) or Command-click (Mac OS) the path thumbnail in the Paths panel. Convert a path to a selection border and specify settings 1 Select the path in the Paths panel.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 387 Last updated 1/10/2010 Drawing Tolerance values can range from 0.5 to 10 pixels and determine how sensitive the Make Work Path command is to slight changes in the selection shape. The higher the tolerance value, the fewer the anchor points used to draw the path and the smoother the path. If the path is used as a clipping path and you have problems printing the image, use a higher tolerance value. (See “Printing image clipping paths” on page 476.) 3 Click OK.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 388 Last updated 1/10/2010 Drawing 6 Choose Preserve Transparency to limit the fill to layer areas that contain pixels. (See “Lock layers” on page 294.) 7 Select a Rendering option: Feather Radius Defines how far inside and outside the selection border the feather edge extends. Enter a value in pixels. Anti-aliased Creates a finer transition between the pixels in the selection and the surrounding pixels by partially filling the edge pixels of the selection.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 389 Drawing 4 In the Stroke Path dialog box, choose a tool if you did not select one in step 2. To simulate hand-painted strokes, select Simulate Pressure. Or, deselect this option to create more linear, even strokes. 5 Click OK.
Last updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 13: Filters You can use filters to apply special effects to images or to perform common image editing tasks, such as sharpening photos. This section provides an overview of Adobe Photoshop CS4 filters and how to apply them to images. Complete information on using some filters is available in other sections. Search Adobe Help for information on the Sharpening, Blurring, Lens Correction, Lens Blur, Noise Reduction, Liquify, and Vanishing Point filters.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 391 Filters Apply a filter from the Filter menu You can apply a filter to the active layer, or to a Smart Object. Filters applied to a Smart Object are nondestructive and can be readjusted at any time. 1 Do one of the following: • To apply a filter to an entire layer, make sure the layer is active or selected. • To apply a filter to an area of a layer, select that area.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 392 Last updated 1/10/2010 Filters A B C D E F G H I J Filter Gallery dialog box A. Preview B. Filter category C. Thumbnail of selected filter D. Show/Hide filter thumbnails E. Filters pop-up menu F. Options for selected filter G. List of filter effects to apply or arrange H. Filter effect selected but not applied I. Filter effects applied cumulatively but not selected J. Hidden filter effect Display the Filter Gallery ❖ Choose Filter > Filter Gallery.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 393 Last updated 1/10/2010 Filters • To apply a filter non-destructively, so you can change your filter settings later, select the Smart Object that contains the image content that you want to filter. 2 Choose Filter > Filter Gallery. 3 Click a filter name to add the first filter. You may need to click the inverted triangle next to the filter category to see the complete list of filters.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 394 Filters Tips for creating special effects Creating edge effects You can use various techniques to treat the edges of an effect applied to only part of an image. To leave a distinct edge, simply apply the filter. For a soft edge, feather the edge, and then apply the filter. For a transparent effect, apply the filter, and then use the Fade command to adjust the selection’s blending mode and opacity.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 395 Filters Filter effects reference Artistic filters Filters from the Artistic submenu help you achieve painterly and artistic effects for a fine arts or commercial project. For example, use the Cutout filter for collages or typography. These filters replicate natural or traditional media effects. All the Artistic filters can be applied through the Filter Gallery. Colored Pencil Draws an image using colored pencils on a solid background.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 396 Filters Before (left) and after (right) using the Lens Blur filter; the background is blurred but the foreground stays sharp. Note: To apply a Blur filter to the edges of a layer, deselect the Lock Transparent Pixel option in the Layers panel. Average Finds the average color of an image or selection, and then fills the image or selection with the color to create a smooth look.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 397 Filters transitions (Edge Only and Overlay Edge). Where significant contrast occurs, Edge Only applies black-and-white edges, and Overlay Edge applies white. Surface Blur Blurs an image while preserving edges. This filter is useful for creating special effects and for removing noise or graininess. The Radius option specifies the size of the area sampled for the blur.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 398 Filters Polar Coordinates Converts a selection from its rectangular to polar coordinates, and vice versa, according to a selected option. You can use this filter to create a cylinder anamorphosis—an art form popular in the 18th century— in which the distorted image appears normal when viewed in a mirrored cylinder. Ripple Creates an undulating pattern on a selection, like ripples on the surface of a pond. For greater control, use the Wave filter.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 399 Filters Pixelate filters The filters in the Pixelate submenu sharply define a selection by clumping pixels of similar color values in cells. Color Halftone Simulates the effect of using an enlarged halftone screen on each channel of the image. For each channel, the filter divides the image into rectangles and replaces each rectangle with a circle. The circle size is proportional to the brightness of the rectangle.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 400 Filters Sharpen filters The Sharpen filters focus blurred images by increasing the contrast of adjacent pixels. Sharpen and Sharpen More Focus a selection and improve its clarity. The Sharpen More filter applies a stronger sharpening effect than does the Sharpen filter. Sharpen Edges and Unsharp Mask Find the areas in the image where significant color changes occur and sharpen them.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 401 Filters Plaster Molds an image from 3D plaster, and then colorizes the result using the foreground and background color. Dark areas are raised, and light areas are recessed. Reticulation Simulates the controlled shrinking and distortion of film emulsion to create an image that appears clumped in the shadows and lightly grained in the highlights. Stamp Simplifies the image so that it appears to be created with a rubber or wood stamp.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 402 Filters Texture filters Use the Texture filters to simulate the appearance of depth or substance, or to add an organic look. Craquelure Paints an image onto a high-relief plaster surface, producing a fine network of cracks that follow the contours of the image. Use this filter to create an embossing effect with images that contain a broad range of color or grayscale values.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 403 Filters Offset Moves a selection a specified horizontal or vertical amount, leaving an empty space at the selection’s original location. You can fill the empty area with the current background color, with another part of the image, or with your choice of fill if the selection is near the edge of an image. Digimarc filters The Digimarc filters embed a digital watermark into an image to store copyright information.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 404 Filters Defining undistorted areas The Displace, Shear, and Wave filters in the Distort submenu and the Offset filter in the Other submenu let you treat areas undefined (or unprotected) by the filter in the following ways: Wrap Around Fills the undefined space with content from the opposite edge of the image. Repeat Edge Pixels Extends the colors of pixels along the edge of the image in the direction specified.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 405 Filters Apply the Color Halftone filter 1 Choose Filter > Pixelate > Color Halftone. 2 Enter a value in pixels for the maximum radius of a halftone dot, from 4 to 127. 3 Enter a screen-angle value (the angle of the dot from the true horizontal) for one or more channels: • For Grayscale images, use only channel 1. • For RGB images, use channels 1, 2, and 3, which correspond to the red, green, and blue channels.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 406 Filters 2 Select the center text box, which represents the pixel being evaluated. Enter the value by which you want to multiply that pixel’s brightness value, from –999 to +999. 3 Select a text box representing an adjacent pixel. Enter the value by which you want the pixel in this position multiplied.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 407 Filters Lighting Effects types You can choose from several lighting types: Omni Shines light in all directions from directly above the image—like a light bulb over a piece of paper. Directional Shines light from far away so that the light angle doesn’t change—like the sun. Spotlight Casts an elliptical beam of light. The line in the preview window defines the light direction and angle, and the handles define the edges of the ellipse.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 408 Filters Lighting Effects styles Use the Style menu in the Lighting Effects dialog box to choose from 17 light styles. You can also create your own lighting style by adding lights to the Default setting. The Lighting Effects filter requires at least one light source. Only one light can be edited at a time, but all added lights are used to create the effect. 2 o’clock Spotlight A yellow spotlight of medium (17) intensity with a wide (91) focus.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 409 Filters Use the Texture Channel in the Lighting Effects The Texture Channel in the Lighting Effects dialog box lets you control lighting effects using grayscale images (called bump maps) that you add to your image as alpha channels. You can add any grayscale image to your image as an alpha channel, or create a new alpha channel and add texture to it. For an embossed text effect, use a channel with white text on a black background, or vice versa.
Last updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 14: Type Type in Adobe Photoshop CS4 consists of vector-based type outlines—mathematically defined shapes that describe the letters, numbers, and symbols of a typeface. Many typefaces are available in more than one format, the most common formats being Type 1 (also called PostScript fonts), TrueType, OpenType, New CID, and CID nonprotected (Japanese only).
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 411 Last updated 1/10/2010 Type Entering type There are three ways to create type: at a point, inside a paragraph, and along a path. • Point type is a horizontal or vertical line of text that begins where you click in the image. Entering text at a point is a useful way to add a few words to your image. • Paragraph type uses boundaries to control the flow of characters, either horizontally or vertically.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 412 Last updated 1/10/2010 Type Note: You can also transform point type while in edit mode. Hold down the Ctrl (Windows) or Command (Mac OS) key. A bounding box appears around the type. You can grab a handle to scale or skew the type. You can also rotate the bounding box. 5 When you finish entering or editing the type, do one of the following: • Click the Commit button in the options bar. • Press the Enter key on the numeric keypad.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 413 Last updated 1/10/2010 Type • To rotate the bounding box, position the pointer outside the bounding border—the pointer turns into a curved, two-sided arrow —and drag. Shift-drag to constrain the rotation to 15° increments. To change the center of rotation, Ctrl-drag (Windows) or Command-drag (Mac OS) the center point to a new location. The center point can be outside the bounding box.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 414 Last updated 1/10/2010 Type • Click the Cancel button or press ESC. More Help topics “Formatting characters” on page 417 “Formatting paragraphs” on page 429 “Line and character spacing” on page 425 “Scaling and rotating type” on page 428 “Fonts” on page 421 Specify curly or straight quotes Typographer’s quotes, often called curly quotes or smart quotes, blend in with the curves of the font. Typographer’s quotes are traditionally used for quotation marks and apostrophes.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 415 Last updated 1/10/2010 Type 2 Choose an option from the anti-aliasing menu in the options bar or the Character panel. Or, choose Layer > Type, and choose an option from the submenu. None Applies no anti-aliasing Sharp Type appears at its sharpest Crisp Type appears somewhat sharp Strong Type appears heavier Smooth Type appears smoother Check and correct spelling When you check the spelling in a document, Photoshop questions any words that aren’t in its dictionary.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 416 Type 2 Choose Edit > Find And Replace Text. 3 In the Find What box, type or paste the text you want to find. To change the text, type the new text in the Change To text box. 4 Select one or more options to refine your search. Search All Layers Searches all layers in a document. This option is available when a nontype layer is selected in the Layers panel. Forward Searches forward from an insertion point in the text.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 417 Last updated 1/10/2010 Type Change the orientation of a type layer The orientation of a type layer determines the direction of type lines in relation to the document window (for point type) or the bounding box (for paragraph type). When a type layer is vertical, the type flows up and down; when a type layer is horizontal, the type flows from left to right. Don’t confuse the orientation of a type layer with the direction of characters in a type line.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 418 Last updated 1/10/2010 Type • To use the arrow keys to select characters, click in the text, and then hold down Shift and press the Right Arrow or Left Arrow key. To use the keys to select words, hold down Shift+Ctrl (Windows) or Shift+Command (Mac OS) and press the Right Arrow or Left Arrow key.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 419 Last updated 1/10/2010 Type About Dynamic Shortcuts Dynamic Shortcuts are keyboard shortcuts that are accessible only when you are entering point or paragraph type, when type is selected, or when the I-beam is in text. You can view Dynamic Shortcuts in the Character panel menu when they are accessible. Dynamic Shortcuts are available for type options such as Faux Bold, Faux Italic, All Caps, Small Caps, Superscript, Subscript, Underline, and Strikethrough.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 420 Last updated 1/10/2010 Type Change the type color The type you enter is rendered in the current foreground color; however, you can change the color before or after you enter type. When editing existing type layers, you can change the color of individual, selected characters or of all type in a layer. ❖ Do one of the following: • Click the Color selection box in the options bar or Character panel, and select a color using the Adobe Color Picker. • Use fill shortcuts.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 421 Last updated 1/10/2010 Type Note: The Underline Left and Underline Right options appear in the Character panel menu only when a type layer containing vertical type is selected. When working with vertical Asian type, you can add an underline on either side of the type line. • To apply a horizontal line through horizontal type or a vertical line through vertical type, click the Strikethrough button in the Character panel.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 422 Type A type style is a variant version of an individual font in a font family. Typically, the Roman or Plain (the actual name varies from family to family) member of a font family is the base font, which may include type styles such as regular, bold, semibold, italic, and bold italic. If a font doesn’t include the style you want, you can apply faux styles—simulated versions of bold, italic, superscript, subscript, all caps, and small caps styles.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 423 Type The Font Family menu in both the Character panel and the options bar shows a preview of available fonts. You can choose a font family and style by typing its name in the text box. As you type, the name of the first font or style beginning with that letter appears. Continue typing until the correct font or style name appears.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 424 Last updated 1/10/2010 Type OpenType fonts OpenType fonts use a single font file for both Windows® and Macintosh® computers, so you can move files from one platform to another without worrying about font substitution and other problems that cause text to reflow. They may include a number of features, such as swashes and discretionary ligatures, that aren’t available in current PostScript and TrueType fonts. OpenType fonts display the icon.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 425 Type Contextual Alternates Are alternative characters included in some script typefaces to provide better joining behavior. For example, when using Caflisch Script Pro with contextual alternatives enabled, the letter pair “bl” in the word “bloom” is joined so that it looks more like handwriting. Discretionary Ligatures Are typographic replacement characters for letter pairs, such as ct, st, and ft.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 426 Type Five-point type with 6-point leading (left) and with 12-point leading (right) More Help topics “About Asian type” on page 440 Set the leading 1 Select the characters you want to change. If you don’t select any text, the leading applies to new text you create. 2 In the Character panel, set the Leading value. Change the default auto leading percentage 1 Choose Justification from the Paragraph panel menu.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 427 Type A B C D E Kerning and tracking options A. Original text B. Text with optical kerning C. Text with manual kerning between W and a D. Text with tracking E. Cumulative kerning and tracking You can also use manual kerning, which is ideal for adjusting the space between two letters.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 428 Last updated 1/10/2010 Type Shift the baseline Use Baseline Shift to move selected characters up or down relative to the baseline of the surrounding text. Shifting the baseline is especially useful when you’re hand-setting fractions or adjusting the position of a picture font. 1 Select the characters or type objects you want to change. If you don’t select any text, the shift applies to new text you create. 2 In the Character panel, set the Baseline Shift option.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 429 Last updated 1/10/2010 Type Rotate type ❖ Do the following: • To rotate type, select the type layer and use any rotate command or the Free Transform command. For paragraph type, you can also select the bounding box and use a handle to rotate the type manually. • To rotate multiple characters in vertical Asian text, use the tate-chu-yoko.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 430 Last updated 1/10/2010 Type • To apply formatting to all paragraphs in the layer, select the type layer in the Layers panel. More Help topics “Formatting characters” on page 417 “Line and character spacing” on page 425 “Scaling and rotating type” on page 428 “Editing text” on page 413 Paragraph panel overview You use the Paragraph panel to change the formatting of columns and paragraphs.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 431 Type The options for vertical type are: Top Align Text Aligns type to the top, leaving the bottom edge of the paragraph ragged. Center Text Aligns type to the center, leaving both the top and bottom edges of the paragraph ragged. Bottom Align Text Aligns type to the bottom, leaving the top edge of the paragraph ragged. Specify justification for paragraph type Text is said to be justified when it is aligned with both edges.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 432 Last updated 1/10/2010 Type Letter Spacing The distance between letters, including kerning or tracking values. Letter Spacing values can range from –100% to 500%; at 0%, no space is added between letters; at 100% , an entire space width is added between letters. Glyph Spacing The width of characters (a glyph is any font character). Glyph Spacing values can range from 50% to 200%; at 100%, the height of characters is not scaled.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 433 Type Paragraph without hanging punctuation (left) compared to paragraph with hanging punctuation (right) 1 Do one of the following: • Select a type layer if you want all the paragraphs in that type layer to be affected. • Select the paragraphs you want affected. 2 Choose Roman Hanging Punctuation from the Paragraph panel menu. A check mark indicates that the option is selected.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 434 Type Hyphenate Capitalized Words Deselect to prevent capitalized words from being hyphenated. Note: Hyphenation settings apply only to Roman characters; double-byte characters available in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean fonts are not affected by these settings. Prevent words from breaking You can prevent words from breaking at the end of lines—for example, proper names or words that could be misread when hyphenated.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 435 Last updated 1/10/2010 Type Creating type effects About type effects You can perform various operations on type to change its appearance. For example, you can warp type, convert type to shapes, or add a drop shadow to type. One of the easiest ways to create type effects is to play the default Text Effects actions that come with Photoshop on a type layer. You can access these effects by choosing Text Effects from the Actions panel menu.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 436 Last updated 1/10/2010 Type Enter type along a path 1 Do one of the following: • Select the Horizontal Type tool or the Vertical Type tool • Select the Horizontal Type Mask tool . or the Vertical Type Mask tool 2 Position the pointer so that the baseline indicator of the type tool . is on the path and click. After you click, an insertion point appears on the path.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 437 Last updated 1/10/2010 Type Move a path with type ❖ Select the Path Selection tool or the Move tool , and then click and drag the path to a new position. If you use the Path Selection tool, make sure that the pointer does not change to an I-beam with an arrow or you’ll move the type along the path. Change the shape of a path with type 1 Select the Direct Selection tool . 2 Click an anchor point on the path and use the handles to change the shape of the path.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 438 Last updated 1/10/2010 Type Unwarp type 1 Select a type layer that has warping applied to it. 2 Select a type tool and click the Warp button in the options bar, or choose Layer > Type > Warp Text. 3 Choose None from the Style pop-up menu, and click OK. Create a work path from type You can work with type characters as vector shapes by converting them to a work path. A work path is a temporary path that appears in the Paths panel and defines the outline of a shape.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 439 Last updated 1/10/2010 Type 2 Click the Layer Style button at the bottom of the Layers panel and choose Drop Shadow from the list that appears. 3 If possible, position the Layer Style dialog box so that you can see the layer and its drop shadow. 4 Adjust the settings to your liking.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 440 Type Asian type About Asian type Photoshop provides several options for working with Chinese, Japanese, and Korean type. Characters in Asian fonts are often referred to as double-byte characters. Note: Your operating system must support the languages in which you wish to work. Consult your system software manufacturer for more information.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 441 Type Use tate-chu-yoko Tate-chu-yoko (also called kumimoji and renmoji) is a block of horizontal type laid out within vertical type lines. Using tate-chu-yoko makes it easier to read half-width characters such as numbers, dates, and short foreign words in vertical text. Numerals without tate-chu-yoko (left) compared to numerals rotated with tate-chu-yoko (right) 1 Select the characters you want to rotate.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 442 Type Specify left and right underlining with Asian type 1 Select vertical type. 2 Choose either Underline Left or Underline Right from the Character panel menu. Set Asian OpenType font attributes Asian OpenType fonts may include a number of features that aren’t available in current PostScript and TrueType fonts. It is usually best to use any weights of KozMinPro and KozGoPro OpenType fonts.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 443 Type A B C D Kotoeri Character panel A. View menu B. Font menu C. Character Information D. Insert With Font button 6 Choose an Asian OpenType font from the Font menu. 7 Do one of the following: • (Windows) Select the character you want to use, click Select, click Copy, and then paste it in Photoshop. • (Mac OS) Double-click the character you want to use to insert it into your document.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 444 Type Mojikumi Set 2 Uses full-width spacing for most characters except the last character in the line. Mojikumi Set 1, and Mojikumi Set 2 Mojikumi Set 3 Uses full-width spacing for most characters and the last character in the line. Mojikumi Set 4 Uses full-width spacing for all characters. Mojikumi Set 3, and Mojikumi Set 4 Choose kinsoku shori settings for a paragraph Kinsoku shori specifies line breaks for Japanese text.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 445 Type JIS Weak Set Characters that can’t begin a line Characters that can’t end a line JIS Maximum Set Characters that can’t begin a line Characters that can’t end a line Specify a kinsoku line-breaking option ❖ From the Paragraph panel menu, choose Kinsoku Shori Type and then choose one of the following methods: Push In First Moves characters up to the previous line to prevent prohibited characters from ending or beginning a line.
Last updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 15: Saving and exporting images Adobe Photoshop CS4 supports a variety of file formats to suit a wide range of output needs. You can save or export your image to any of these formats. You can also use special Photoshop features to add information to files, set up multiple page layouts, and place images in other applications.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 447 Saving and exporting images More Help topics “Duplicate an image” on page 36 “Save a camera raw image in another format” on page 86 “Make a snapshot of an image” on page 49 Save changes to the current file ❖ Choose File > Save. Save a file with a different name, location, or format 1 Choose File > Save As. Note: The Camera Raw plug-in can save camera raw image files in a different file format, such as Digital Negative (DNG).
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 448 Saving and exporting images Image Previews options (Mac OS) Saves thumbnail data for the file. Thumbnails appear in the Open dialog box. File Extension options (Mac OS) Specifies the format for file extensions. Select Append to add the format’s extension to a filename and Use Lower Case to make the extension lowercase. Set file saving preferences 1 Do one of the following: • (Windows) Choose Edit > Preferences > File Handling.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 449 Saving and exporting images More Help topics “Large Document Format” on page 467 “Photoshop Raw format” on page 465 “TIFF” on page 469 Testing Photoshop images for mobile devices with Adobe Device Central Device Central enables Photoshop users to preview how Photoshop files will look on a variety of mobile devices. Creative professionals can create Photoshop files specifically for mobile devices and easily test the files.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 450 Saving and exporting images 13 To test the file again with the new export settings, click the Device Central button. 14 When you are satisfied with the results, click Save in the Photoshop Save For Web & Devices dialog box. Note: To open Device Central from Photoshop (instead of creating and testing a file), select File > Device Central. For a tutorial about creating content using Photoshop and Device Central, see http://www.adobe.com/go/vid0185.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 451 Saving and exporting images 3 (Optional) Choose options from the Standard menu and the Compatibility menu to specify the PDF/X compliance and the Acrobat version compatibility for the PDF document. For more information, see “PDF compatibility levels” on page 453. 4 (Optional) Select General in the left pane of the Save Adobe PDF dialog box to set general PDF file saving options. For details of each option, see “General options for Adobe PDF” on page 454.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 452 Saving and exporting images Review your PDF settings periodically. The settings do not automatically revert to the default settings. Applications and utilities that create PDFs use the last set of PDF settings defined or selected. High Quality Print Creates PDFs for quality printing on desktop printers and proofing devices. This preset uses PDF 1.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 453 Last updated 1/10/2010 Saving and exporting images Smallest File Size Creates PDF files for displaying on the web, an intranet, or for email distribution. This set of options uses compression, downsampling, and a relatively low image resolution. It converts all colors to sRGB and embeds fonts. It also optimizes files for byte serving. These PDF files can be opened in Acrobat 5.0 and Acrobat Reader 5.0 and later.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 454 Last updated 1/10/2010 Saving and exporting images Acrobat 4 (PDF 1.3) Acrobat 5 (PDF 1.4) Acrobat 6 (PDF 1.5) Acrobat 7 (PDF 1.6) and Acrobat 8 and Acrobat 9 (PDF 1.7) PDFs can be opened with PDFs can be opened with Acrobat 3.0 and Acrobat Reader Acrobat 3.0 and Acrobat Reader 3.0 and later. 3.0 and later. However, features specific to later versions may be lost or not viewable. Most PDFs can be opened with Acrobat 4.0 and Acrobat Reader 4.0 and later.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 455 Saving and exporting images The Compression area of the Adobe PDF Options dialog box is divided into three sections. Each section provides the following options for compressing and resampling images in your artwork. Downsampling If you plan to use the PDF file on the web, use downsampling to allow for higher compression. If you plan to print the PDF file at high resolution, do not use downsampling.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 456 Saving and exporting images Color management and PDF/X options for Adobe PDF You can set the following options in the Output section of the Adobe PDF Options dialog box. Interactions between Output options change depending on whether Color Management is on or off and which PDF standard is selected. Color Conversion Specifies how to represent color information in the Adobe PDF file.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 457 Last updated 1/10/2010 Saving and exporting images In Photoshop, you can save the preset using the Adobe PDF Presets command or clicking the Save Preset button in the Save Adobe PDF dialog box. Adobe PDF presets are saved as files with a .joboptions extension. This is useful, for example, if you want your vendor or printer to send you a .joboptions file with the Adobe PDF presets that work best with their workflow. 1 Do one of the following: • Choose Edit > Adobe PDF Presets.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 458 Saving and exporting images • To delete an Adobe PDF preset, select the preset in the Preset window and click the Delete button. You can’t delete the Adobe PDF presets that were installed with Photoshop. • To load an Adobe PDF preset, click the Load button, select the preset file, and click the Load button. The preset is added to the Presets window. When you browse for an Adobe PDF preset to load, only files with the .
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 459 Last updated 1/10/2010 Saving and exporting images need to save and manage a separate PSD file to hold the layer data. Choose Discard Layers And Save A Copy if you want to flatten the image. Note: To have Photoshop prompt you before saving an image with multiple layers, select Ask Before Saving Layered TIFF Files in the File Handling area of the Preferences dialog box.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 460 Last updated 1/10/2010 Saving and exporting images Interlaced Displays low-resolution versions of the image in a browser as the file downloads. Interlacing makes download time seem shorter, but it also increases file size. 3 Click OK. More Help topics “PNG format” on page 468 Save a file in GIF format You can use the Save As command to save RGB, Indexed Color, Grayscale, or Bitmap mode images directly in CompuServe GIF (known as GIF) format.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 461 Saving and exporting images Note: Only PostScript Level 3 printers support PostScript Color Management for CMYK images. To print a CMYK image using PostScript Color Management on a Level 2 printer, convert the image to Lab mode before saving in EPS format. Include Vector Data Preserves any vector graphics (such as shapes and type) in the file.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 462 Saving and exporting images • Select whether to save the channels in an interleaved or non-interleaved order. More Help topics “Photoshop Raw format” on page 465 Save a file in BMP format The BMP format is an image format for the Windows operating system. The images can range from black-and-white (1 byte per pixel) up to 24-bit color (16.7 million colors). 1 Choose File > Save As, and choose BMP from the Format menu.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 463 Saving and exporting images 2 In the Export Layers To Files dialog box, under Destination, click Browse to select a destination for the exported files. By default, the generated files are saved in the sample folder as the source file. 3 Enter a name in the File Name Prefix text box to specify a common name for the files. 4 Select the Visible Layers Only option if you want to export only those layers that have visibility enabled in the Layers panel.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 464 Saving and exporting images Maximize compatibility when saving files 1 Choose Edit > Preferences > File Handling (Windows) or Photoshop > Preferences > File Handling (Mac OS). 2 Choose Always from the Maximize PSD and PSB File Compatibility menu. This saves a composite (flattened) image along with the layers of your document.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 465 Saving and exporting images Photoshop uses the EPS TIFF and EPS PICT formats to let you open images saved in file formats that create previews but are not supported by Photoshop (such as QuarkXPress®). You can edit and use an opened preview image just as any other low-resolution file. An EPS PICT preview is available only in Mac OS. Note: EPS TIFF format and EPS PICT format are more relevant to earlier versions of Photoshop.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 466 Saving and exporting images BMP format BMP is a standard Windows image format on DOS and Windows-compatible computers. BMP format supports RGB, Indexed Color, Grayscale, and Bitmap color modes. You can specify either Windows or OS/2® format and a bit depth of 8 bits/channel. For 4-bit and 8-bit images using Windows format, you can also specify RLE compression.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 467 Saving and exporting images JPEG format Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) format is commonly used to display photographs and other continuoustone images in hypertext markup language (HTML) documents over the World Wide Web and other online services. JPEG format supports CMYK, RGB, and Grayscale color modes, and does not support transparency.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 468 Saving and exporting images Photoshop recognizes two types of PDF files: Photoshop PDF files and generic PDF files. You can open both types of PDF files. When you save PDF files, Photoshop saves them as Photoshop PDF files by default. Deselect Preserve Photoshop Editing Capabilities in the General section of the Save PDF dialog box to save a generic PDF file.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 469 Saving and exporting images Portable Bit Map format The Portable Bit Map (PBM) file format, also known as Portable Bitmap Library and Portable Binary Map, supports monochrome bitmaps (1 bit per pixel). The format can be used for lossless data transfer because many applications support this format. You can even edit or create such files within a simple text editor.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 470 Saving and exporting images In Photoshop, TIFF image files have a bit depth of 8, 16, or 32 bits per channel. You can save high dynamic range images as 32-bits-per-channel TIFF files. More Help topics “Save large documents” on page 448 WBMP format WBMP format is the standard format for optimizing images for mobile devices, such as cell phones. WBMP supports 1-bit color, which means that WBMP images contain only black and white pixels.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 471 Saving and exporting images About notes You can attach notes to an image in Photoshop. This is useful for associating review comments, production notes, or other information with the image. Notes appear as small non-printable icons on the image. They are associated with a location on the image rather than with a layer. You can hide or show notes, or open notes to view or edit their contents.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 472 Saving and exporting images Embedding a digital watermark in an image lets viewers obtain information about the creator of the image. This feature is particularly valuable to image creators who license their work to others. Copying an image with an embedded watermark also copies the watermark and any information associated with it. For more detailed information on embedding Digimarc digital watermarks, refer to the Digimarc website at www.digimarc.com.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 473 Last updated 1/10/2010 Saving and exporting images Embed a watermark To embed a digital watermark, you must first register with Digimarc Corporation—which maintains a database of artists, designers, and photographers and their contact information—to get a unique Digimarc ID. You can then embed the Digimarc ID in your images, along with information such as the copyright year or a restricted-use identifier. 1 Open the image that you want to watermark.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 474 Last updated 1/10/2010 Saving and exporting images Check the signal strength meter The signal strength meter helps you determine whether a watermark is durable enough to survive the intended use of the image. ❖ Choose Filter > Digimarc > Read Watermark. The signal strength meter appears at the bottom of the dialog box. You can also display the meter automatically by selecting Verify while embedding the watermark.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 475 Last updated 1/10/2010 Saving and exporting images Use Photoshop artwork in Adobe Illustrator Adobe Illustrator can both open or place Photoshop files; you do not need to save or export your Photoshop image to a different file format. If you place an image into an open Illustrator file, you can incorporate the image as if it were any other element in the artwork, or you can maintain a link to the original file.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 476 Last updated 1/10/2010 Saving and exporting images 2 In the Paths panel, save the work path as a path. 3 Choose Clipping Path from the Paths panel menu, set the following options, and click OK: • For Path, choose the path you want to save. • For Flatness, leave the flatness value blank to print the image using the printer’s default value. If you experience printing errors, enter a flatness value to determine how the PostScript interpreter approximates the curve.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 477 Saving and exporting images Export paths to Adobe Illustrator The Paths To Illustrator command lets you export Photoshop paths as Adobe Illustrator files. Exporting paths in this way simplifies the task of combining Photoshop and Illustrator artwork or using Photoshop features with Illustrator artwork. For example, you may want to export a pen tool path and stroke it to use as a trap with a Photoshop clipping path you are printing in Illustrator.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 478 Saving and exporting images 3 Do one of the following: • For embedded images, close the file, or choose File > Update or File > Close & Return to [application name]. • For linked images, save and close the file. Note: You can also modify linked files without first opening the container document. The linked image is updated the next time you open the document in its OLE container application.
Last updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 16: Printing Printing is the process of sending your image to an output device. You can print on paper or film (positive or negative), to a printing plate, or directly to a digital printing press. Before printing, you can preview your image in full color using color management options from the Print dialog box.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 480 Printing Monitors display images using light, whereas desktop printers reproduce images using inks, dyes, or pigments. For this reason, a desktop printer can’t reproduce all the colors displayed on a monitor. However, by incorporating certain procedures (such as a color management system) into your workflow, you can achieve predictable results when printing your images to a desktop printer.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 481 Last updated 1/10/2010 Printing A B C D E F Print dialog box A. Preview print B. Position and scale image C. Set printer and print job options D. Set paper orientation E. Specify prepress output options F. Specify color management and proofing options For a video on printing photos, see www.adobe.com/go/vid0015. 2 Do one or more of the following: • Use the Printers menu to select a printer. • Set the paper orientation to portrait or landscape.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 482 Printing • To preserve the options and close the dialog box, click Done. • To print one copy of the image, hold down Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS), and click Print One. Note: If you get a warning that your image is larger than the printable area of the paper, click Cancel, choose File > Print, and select the Scale To Fit Media box. To make changes to your paper size and layout, click Page Setup, and attempt to print the file again.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 483 Printing Scale the print size of an image ❖ Choose File > Print, and do one of the following: • To fit the image within the printable area of the selected paper, click Scale To Fit Media. • To rescale the image numerically, deselect Scale To Fit Media, then enter values for Height and Width. • To achieve the desired scale, select Bounding Box, and drag a bounding box handle in the preview area.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 484 Printing Choose Color Management to display options for prepress and color management 3 Select Document. The profile is displayed in parentheses on the same line. 4 For Color Handling, choose Printer Manages Colors. 5 (Optional) Choose a rendering intent for converting colors to the destination color space. Most non-PostScript printer drivers ignore this option and use the Perceptual rendering intent.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 485 Printing 3 For Color Handling, choose Photoshop Manages Colors. 4 For Printer Profile, select the profile that best matches your output device and paper type. If there are any profiles associated with the current printer, they are placed at the top of the menu, with the default profile selected.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 486 Printing 3 Choose Color Management from the pop-up menu. 4 Select Proof. The profile that appears in parentheses, should match the proof setup you selected earlier. 5 For Color Handling, choose Photoshop Manages Colors. 6 For Printer Profile, select the profile for your output device. 7 (Optional) Set any of the following options. Proof Setup This option is available if you select Proof from the Print area.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 487 Printing Every printer driver has different color management options. If it’s not clear how to turn off color management, consult your printer documentation. 8 Click Print. Note: If you get a warning that your image is larger than the printable area of the paper, click Cancel, choose File > Print, and select the Scale To Fit Media box. To make changes to your paper size and layout, click Page Setup, and attempt to print the file again.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 488 Last updated 1/10/2010 Printing Set output options If you are preparing your images for commercial printing directly from Photoshop, you can select and preview a variety of page marks and other output options using the Print command. Generally, these output options should be specified only by prepress professionals or people knowledgeable about the commercial printing process.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 489 Last updated 1/10/2010 Printing If you print separations directly to film, you probably want a negative, although in many countries film positives are common. Check with your print shop to determine which is required. To determine the emulsion side, examine the film under a bright light after it has been developed. The dull side is the emulsion; the shiny side is the base.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 490 Last updated 1/10/2010 Printing 105 90 75 45 0 Halftone screens with process ink at different screen angles; correctly registered dots form rosettes. In traditional print production, a halftone is produced by placing a halftone screen between a piece of film and the image and then exposing the film. In Photoshop, you specify the halftone screen attributes just before producing the film or paper output.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 491 Last updated 1/10/2010 Printing For optimal output on a PostScript printer, the image resolution should be 1.5 to 2 times the halftone screen frequency. If the resolution is more than 2.5 times the screen frequency, an alert message appears. If you are printing line art or printing to a non-PostScript printer, see your printer documentation for the appropriate image resolutions to use. 7 Click OK.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 492 Last updated 1/10/2010 Printing More Help topics “Save a file in Photoshop EPS format” on page 460 Printing photos video Prepare an image with spot channels for printing from another application 1 If the image is a duotone, convert it to Multichannel color mode. 2 Save the image in DCS 2.0 format. 3 In the DCS 2.0 Format dialog box, deselect the Include Halftone Screen and the Include Transfer Function options. 4 Open or import the image in Photoshop, and set your screen angles.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 493 Printing • Pure cyan and pure magenta spread under each other equally. 1 Save a version of the file in RGB mode, in case you want to reconvert the image later. Then choose Image > Mode > CMYK Color to convert the image to CMYK mode. 2 Choose Image > Trap. 3 For Width, enter the trapping value provided by your print shop. Then select a unit of measurement, and click OK. Consult your print shop to determine how much misregistration to expect.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 494 Printing Printing duotones About duotones In Photoshop, duotone refers to monotones, tritones, and quadtones as well as duotones. Monotones are grayscale images printed with a single, non-black ink. Duotones, tritones, and quadtones are grayscale images printed with two, three, and four inks. In these images, colored inks, rather than different shades of gray, are used to reproduce tinted grays. Duotones increase the tonal range of a grayscale image.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 495 Printing Modify the duotone curve for a given ink In a duotone image, each ink has a separate curve that specifies how the color is distributed across the shadows and highlights. This curve maps each grayscale value in the original image to a specific ink percentage. 1 To preview any adjustments, select the Preview option in the Duotones Options dialog box. 2 Click the curve box next to the ink color box.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 496 Printing Saving and loading duotone settings Use the Save button in the Duotone Options dialog box to save a set of duotone curves, ink settings, and overprint colors. Use the Load button to load a set of duotone curves, ink settings, and overprint colors. You can then apply these settings to other grayscale images. Photoshop includes several sample sets of duotone, tritone, and quadtone curves. These sets include some commonly used curves and colors.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 497 Last updated 1/10/2010 Printing Printing spot colors About spot colors Spot colors are special premixed inks used instead of, or in addition to, the process color (CMYK) inks. Each spot color requires its own plate on the press. (Because a varnish requires a separate plate, it is considered a spot color, too.) If you are planning to print an image with spot colors, you need to create spot channels to store the colors. To export spot channels, save the file in DCS 2.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 498 Printing 5 Enter a name for the spot channel. If you choose a custom color, the channel automatically takes the name of that color. Be sure to name spot colors so they’ll be recognized by other applications reading your file. Otherwise the file might not print. 6 For Solidity, enter a value between 0% and 100%. This option lets you simulate on-screen the density of the printed spot color.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 499 Printing Edit a spot channel to add or remove color 1 Select the spot channel in the Channels panel. 2 Use a painting or editing tool to paint in the image. Paint with black to add more spot color at 100% opacity; paint with gray to add spot color with lower opacity.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 500 Printing 3 For Channel, choose the spot channel from step 1, and click OK. 4 To create a trap when knocking out the underlying color, choose Select > Modify > Expand or Contract, depending on whether the overlapping spot color is darker or lighter than the spot color beneath it. In the Channels panel, select the underlying spot channel that contains the areas you want to knock out. Press Backspace (Windows) or Delete (Mac OS).
Last updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 17: Web graphics The web tools in Adobe Photoshop CS4 can help you design and optimize individual web graphics or complete page layouts. Working with web graphics About web graphics The Photoshop web tools make it easy to build component pieces for your web pages or to output complete web pages in preset or customized formats. • Use layers and slices to design web pages and web page interface elements.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 502 Web graphics After creating a rollover image set in Photoshop, use Dreamweaver to place the images on a web page and automatically add the JavaScript code for the rollover action. For a video on designing web sites with Photoshop and Dreamweaver, see www.adobe.com/go/lrvid4043_dw. Export to Zoomify You can post high-resolution images on the web that viewers can pan and zoom to see more detail.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 503 Last updated 1/10/2010 Web graphics Slicing web pages About sliced web pages Slices divide an image into smaller images that are reassembled on a web page using an HTML table or CSS layers. By dividing the image, you can assign different URL links to create page navigation, or optimize each part of an image using its own optimization settings. You export and optimize a sliced image using the Save For Web & Devices command.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 504 Web graphics A subslice is a type of auto slice that is generated when you create overlapping slices. Subslices indicate how the image is divided when you save the optimized file. Although subslices are numbered and display a slice symbol, you cannot select or edit them separately from the underlying slice. Subslices are regenerated every time you arrange the stacking order of slices.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 505 Web graphics A layer-based slice is updated when the source layer is modified. Layer-based slices are less flexible than user slices; however, you can convert (“promote”) a layer-based slice to a user slice. See “Convert auto and layer-based slices to user slices” on page 505. 1 Select a layer in the Layers panel. 2 Choose Layer > New Layer-based Slice.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 506 Web graphics • User slice has No Image content. • Slice is layer-based. Show or hide slice boundaries ❖ Choose View > Show > Slices. To hide and show slices along with other items, use the Extras command. See “Show or hide Extras” on page 41. Show or hide auto slices ❖ Do one of the following: • Select the Slice Select tool, and click Show Auto Slices or Hide Auto Slices in the options bar. • Choose View > Show > Slices.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 507 Web graphics Move or resize a user slice 1 Select one or more user slices. 2 Do one of the following: • To move a slice, move the pointer inside the slice selection border, and drag the slice to a new position. Press Shift to restrict movement to a vertical, horizontal, or 45° diagonal line. • To resize a slice, grab a side or a corner handle of the slice, and drag.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 508 Web graphics • Select and enter a value for Pixels Per Slice to create slices with the specified number of pixels. If the slice cannot be divided evenly by that number of pixels, the remainder is made into another slice. For example, if you divide a slice that is 100 pixels wide into three new slices each 30 pixels wide, the remaining 10-pixel-wide area becomes a new slice. 6 Click OK.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 509 Web graphics Change the stacking order of slices When slices overlap, the last slice you create is the top slice in the stacking order. You can change the stacking order to gain access to underlying slices. You can specify which slice is on the top and bottom of the stack and move slices up or down in the stacking order. Note: You cannot arrange the stacking order of auto slices. 1 Select a slice or multiple slices.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 510 Last updated 1/10/2010 Web graphics 3 To delete all user slices and layer-based slices, choose View > Clear Slices. Lock all slices Locking slices prevents you from resizing, moving, or otherwise changing them accidentally. ❖ Choose View > Lock Slice. Slice output options Display the Slice Options dialog box Do one of the following: • Double-click a slice with the Slice Select tool. • With the Slice Select tool active, click the Slice Options button in the options bar.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 511 Web graphics Photoshop does not display the selected background color—you must preview the image in a browser to view the effect of selecting a background color. 1 Select a slice. If you are working in the Photoshop Save For Web & Devices dialog box, double-click the slice with the Slice Select tool to display the Slice Options dialog box. 2 In the Slice Options dialog box, select a background color from the Background Color pop-up menu.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 512 Web graphics Photoshop does not display HTML text in the document window; you must use a web browser to preview the text. Be sure to preview HTML text in different browsers, with different browser settings, and on different operating systems to confirm that your text is displayed correctly on the web. Note: The amount of text in a No Image slice can affect the layout of an exported page. 1 Select a slice.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 513 Last updated 1/10/2010 Web graphics Photoshop Save As and Image Processor In Photoshop, you can use the Save As command to save an image as a GIF, JPEG, or PNG file. Depending on the file format, you can specify image quality, background transparency or matting, color display, and downloading method. However, any web features—such as slices, links, and animations—that you’ve added to a file are not preserved.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 514 Last updated 1/10/2010 Web graphics Navigate in the dialog box If the entire artwork is not visible in the Save For Web & Devices dialog box, you can use the Hand tool to bring another area into view. Use the Zoom tool to magnify or reduce the view. • Select the Hand tool (or hold down the spacebar), and drag in the view area to pan over the image.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 515 Web graphics 6 If optimizing an image with an embedded color profile other than sRGB, you should convert the image’s colors to sRGB before you save the image for use on the web. This insures that the colors you see in the optimized image will look the same in different web browsers. The Convert to sRGB option is selected by default. 7 (Photoshop only) From the Metadata menu, choose what XMP metadata to save with the optimized file.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 516 Last updated 1/10/2010 Web graphics 2 Name the settings, and save them in the appropriate folder: Photoshop (Windows XP) Document and Settings\[Username]\Application Data\Adobe\Adobe Photoshop CS4\Optimized Settings (Windows Vista) Users\[Username]\AppData\Roaming\Adobe\Adobe Photoshop CS4\Optimized Settings (Mac OS) Users/[Username]/Library/Preferences/Adobe Photoshop CS4 Settings/Optimized Settings Illustrator (Windows XP) Document and Settings\[Username]\Application Data\Adobe
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 517 Web graphics 7 Select a Use option to specify whether you want to apply the specified file size to current slice only, to each slice in the image, or to all slices. Click OK. Resize artwork while optimizing In the Save For Web & Devices dialog box, you can resize an image to specified pixel dimensions or to a percentage of the original size. 1 Click the Image Size tab in the Save For Web & Devices dialog box.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 518 Web graphics Preview optimized images in a web browser You can preview an optimized image in any web browser installed on your system from the Save For Web & Devices dialog box (File > Save For Web & Devices). The browser preview displays the image with a caption listing the image’s file type, pixel dimensions, file size, compression specifications, and other HTML information.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 519 Last updated 1/10/2010 Web graphics C A B Optimization settings for JPEG A. File Format menu B. Compression Quality menu C. Optimize menu Quality Determines the level of compression. The higher the Quality setting, the more detail the compression algorithm preserves. However, using a high Quality setting results in a larger file size than using a low Quality setting. View the optimized image at several quality settings to determine the best balance of quality and file size.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 520 Last updated 1/10/2010 Web graphics In addition to the following options, you can also adjust the number of colors in the image’s color table. See “Customize the color table for GIF and PNG-8 images” on page 523. D A B C Optimization settings for GIF A. File Format menu B. Color Reduction Algorithm menu C. Dithering Algorithm menu D. Optimize menu Lossy (GIF only) Reduces file size by selectively discarding data. A higher Lossy setting results in more data being discarded.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 521 Web graphics GIF image with 0% dither (left), and with 100% dither (right) You can select one of the following dithering methods: • Diffusion Applies a random pattern that is usually less noticeable than Pattern dither. The dither effects are diffused across adjacent pixels. • Pattern Applies a halftone-like square pattern to simulate any colors not in the color table.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 522 Last updated 1/10/2010 Web graphics A B C D Examples of transparency and matting A. Original image B. Transparency selected with a matte color C. Transparency selected with no matting D. Transparency deselected with a matte color Transparency Dithering When the Transparency option is selected, you can choose a method for dithering partially transparent pixels: • No Transparency Dither applies no dither to partially transparent pixels in the image.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 523 Web graphics Web Snap Specifies a tolerance level for shifting colors to the closest web palette equivalents (and prevent the colors from dithering in a browser). A higher value shifts more colors. More Help topics “Optimize an image for the web” on page 514 Optimize transparency in GIF and PNG images Transparency makes it possible to create nonrectangular images for the web. Background transparency preserves transparent pixels in the image.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 524 Last updated 1/10/2010 Web graphics Sort a color table Choose a sorting order from the Color Table palette menu: • Unsorted restores the original sorting order. • Sort By Hue sorts by the location of the color on the standard color wheel (expressed as a degree from 0 to 360). Neutral colors are assigned a hue of 0 and located with the reds. • Sort By Luminance sorts by the lightness or brightness of a color.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 525 Last updated 1/10/2010 Web graphics The original color appears at the upper left of the color swatch and the new color at the lower right. The small square at the lower right of the color swatch indicates that the color is locked. If you shift to a web-safe color, a small white diamond appears at the center of the swatch. 3 To revert a shifted color to its original color, do one of the following: • Double-click the swatch for the shifted color.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 526 Last updated 1/10/2010 Web graphics Note: Locking colors does not prevent them from dithering in a browser. 1 Select one or more colors in the color table. 2 Lock the color by doing one of the following: • Click the Lock button . • Choose Lock/Unlock Selected Colors from the Color Table palette menu. A white square appears in the lower right corner of each locked color. 3 Unlock the color by doing one of the following: • Click the Lock button .
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 527 Web graphics PNG-24 optimization options PNG-24 is suitable for compressing continuous-tone images; however, it produces much larger files than JPEG format. The advantage of using PNG-24 is that it can preserve up to 256 levels of transparency in an image. Transparency and Matte Determine how transparent pixels in the image are optimized. See “Optimize transparency in GIF and PNG images” on page 523.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 528 Web graphics A B C Optimization settings for SWF A. File format menu B. Flash Player menu C. Export menu Preset Specifies the preconfigured set of options you want to use for export. You can create new presets by setting options as desired, and then choosing Save Settings from the panel menu. (To open the panel menu, click the triangle to the right of the Preset menu.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 529 Last updated 1/10/2010 Web graphics A B C F D G E Optimization settings for SVG A. File format menu B. SVG Profiles menu C. Font Subsetting menu D. Image Location menu E. CSS Properties menu F. Font Type menu G. Encoding menu Compressed Creates a Compressed SVG (SVGZ) file. SVG Profiles Specifies the SVG XML Document Type Definition for the exported file. • SVG 1.0 and SVG 1.1 Suitable for SVG files to be viewed on a desktop computer. SVG 1.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 530 Web graphics CSS Properties Determines how CSS style attributes are saved in the SVG code. The default method, Presentation Attributes, applies properties at the highest point in the hierarchy, allowing the most flexibility for specific edits and transformations. The Style Attributes method creates the most readable files but may increase file size.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 531 Web graphics Attribute Case Specifies the capitalization for attributes. Indent Specifies a method for indenting lines of code: using the authoring application’s tab settings, using a specified number of spaces, or using no indention. Line Endings Specifies a platform for line ending compatibility. Encoding Specifies a default character encoding for the web page. Include Comments Adds explanatory comments to the HTML code.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 532 Web graphics Background output settings You can set the following options in the Background set of the Output Settings dialog box: View Document As Select Image if you want the web page to display an image or a solid color as a background behind the current image. Select Background if you want the web page to display the optimized image as a tiled background. Background Image Enter the location of an image file, or click Choose and select an image.
Last updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 18: Video and animation In Adobe Photoshop CS4, you can create frame-based animations by modifying image layers to create movement and change. You can also create images for use in video, using one of many preset pixel aspect ratios. When you’re done editing, you can save your work as an animated GIF file or as a PSD file that can be edited in many video programs, such as Adobe Premiere Pro or Adobe After Effects.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 534 Video and animation More Help topics “Creating images for video” on page 538 “Load video actions” on page 541 “Adjustment and fill layers” on page 311 Supported video and image sequence formats (Photoshop Extended) In Photoshop Extended, you can open video files and image sequences in the following formats. QuickTime video formats • MPEG-1 (.mpg or .mpeg) • MPEG-4 (.mp4 or .m4v) • MOV • AVI • FLV is supported if Adobe Flash Professional is installed.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 535 Last updated 1/10/2010 Video and animation Animation panel overview An animation is a sequence of images, or frames, that is displayed over time. Each frame varies slightly from the preceding frame, creating the illusion of movement or other changes when the frames are viewed in quick succession. In Photoshop, the Animation panel (Window > Animation) appears in frame mode, showing a thumbnail of each frame in your animation.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 536 Last updated 1/10/2010 Video and animation Adds a series of frames between two existing frames, interpolating (varying) the layer properties evenly between the new frames. Tween Animation Frames Adds a frame to the animation by duplicating the selected frame in the Animation Duplicate Selected Frames panel. Convert To Timeline Animation (Photoshop Extended) Converts a frame animation to timeline animation using keyframes to animate layer properties.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 537 Last updated 1/10/2010 Video and animation 2 Do one of the following: • Select a size option. • (Photoshop Extended) In timeline mode, select None to display only layer names. Switch timeline units (Photoshop Extended) In Photoshop Extended, you can display the Animation panel timeline in either frame number or timecode units. • To select units to display, choose Panel Options from the Animation panel menu and select Frame Numbers or Timecode.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 538 Last updated 1/10/2010 Video and animation Important: You may lose some interpolated keyframes when converting a timeline animation to a frame animation. The animation appearance doesn’t change, however. ❖ In the Animation panel, do any of the following: • Click the Convert To Frame Animation icon . • Click the Convert To Timeline Animation icon . • From the Animation panel menu, choose either Convert To Frame Animation or Convert To Timeline.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 539 Last updated 1/10/2010 Video and animation A B Video preset file size guides A. Action safe area (outer rectangle) B. Title safe area (inner rectangle) Note: If you are creating content for the web or for CD, the title-safe and action-safe margins do not apply to your project because the entire image is displayed in these media.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 540 Video and animation Pixel aspect ratio describes the ratio of width to height of a single pixel in a frame. Different video standards use different pixel aspect ratios. For example, many computer video standards define a 4:3 aspect ratio frame as 640 pixels wide by 480 pixels high, which results in square pixels. The computer video pixels in this example have a pixel aspect ratio of 1:1 (square), whereas the DV NTSC pixels have a pixel aspect ratio of 0.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 541 Video and animation Circle in NTSC DV (720 x 480 pixels) document viewed on computer (square pixel) monitor with Pixel Aspect Ratio Correction turned on (top) and Pixel Aspect Ratio Correction turned off (bottom) You can simultaneously view an image with the Pixel Aspect Ratio Correction turned on and off. With the nonsquare pixel image open and Pixel Aspect Ratio Correction enabled, choose Window > Arrange > New Window For [name of document].
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 542 Video and animation Assign a pixel aspect ratio value to an existing document ❖ With a document open, choose View > Pixel Aspect Ratio and then choose a pixel aspect ratio that’s compatible with the video format that you’ll be using your Photoshop file with. Create a custom pixel aspect ratio 1 With a document open, choose View > Pixel Aspect Ratio > Custom Pixel Aspect Ratio.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 543 Video and animation • Do any required color correction, scaling, cropping, or other edits in Photoshop so that After Effects doesn’t have to do extra image-processing work. (You can also assign a color profile to the image that corresponds to the intended output type, such as Rec. 601 NTSC or Rec. 709. After Effects can read embedded color profiles and interpret the image's colors accordingly.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 544 Last updated 1/10/2010 Video and animation 5 Specify the frame rate, and click OK. For a video on working with Image Sequences, see www.adobe.com/go/vid0026. More Help topics “Supported video and image sequence formats (Photoshop Extended)” on page 534 Working with Image Sequences Place a video or image sequence (Photoshop Extended) Use the Place command if you want to transform the video or image sequence as you import it into a document.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 545 Video and animation Replace footage in a video layer (Photoshop Extended) Photoshop Extended tries to maintain the link between the video layer and source file even if you move or rename the appears on the layer in the Layers panel. To relink the video source. If the link breaks for some reason, an alert icon layer to the source file, use the Replace Footage command.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 546 Video and animation Item with premultiplied channels (top) appears with a black halo when interpreted as Straight-Unmatted (lower-left). When interpreted as Premultiplied-Matte with black specified as background color, halo does not appear (lower-right).
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 547 Last updated 1/10/2010 Video and animation Cloning content in video and animation frames (Photoshop Extended) In Photoshop Extended, you can use the Clone Stamp and Healing Brush tools to retouch or duplicate objects in video or animation frames. Use the Clone Stamp to sample content from one part of a frame (the source) and paint it over another part of the same or different frame (the target). You can also use a separate document as the sampling source, instead of a frame.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 548 Video and animation 8 Drag over the area of the frame you want to paint. Painting on a video layer is nondestructive. You can choose the Restore Frame or Restore All Frames command to discard the altered pixels on a specific frame or video layer. Change frame offset for cloning or healing ❖ In the Clone Source panel: • To always paint using the same frame you initially sampled from, select Lock Frame.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 549 Video and animation More Help topics “Understanding color management” on page 130 “Assign or remove a color profile (Illustrator, Photoshop)” on page 146 “Convert document colors to another profile (Photoshop)” on page 147 Editing video and animation layers (Photoshop Extended) Transform video layers (Photoshop Extended) You can transform a video layer as you transform any other layer in Photoshop.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 550 Video and animation Add a blank video layer 1 For the active document, make sure the Animation panel is displayed in timeline mode. 2 Choose Layer > Video Layers > New Blank Video Layer. Specify when a layer appears in a video or animation (Photoshop Extended) You can use various methods to specify when a layer appears in a video or animation. For example, you can trim (hide) frames at the beginning or end of a layer.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 551 Last updated 1/10/2010 Video and animation Trim Layer Start To Current Time Temporarily hides section from the current-time indicator to the start of the layer. Trim Layer End To Current Time Temporarily hides section from the current-time indicator to the end of the layer. Note: You can also use the Lift Work Area command to hide frames in one or more layers, or the Extract Work Area command to hide a specific duration in all layers of a video or animation.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 552 Video and animation Original layer before using the Split Layer command Resulting two layers after using the Split Layer command Group layers in a video or animation (Photoshop Extended) As you add more layers to your video or animation, you might want to organize them into a hierarchy. One of the easiest ways is to group the layers. Photoshop preserves the frames in your video or animation in grouped layers. You can also group a group of layers.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 553 Video and animation Note: To rasterize more than one video layer at a time, select the layers in the Layers panel, set the current-time indicator to the frame you want to preserve in the topmost video layer, and then choose Layer > Rasterize > Layers. Creating frame animations Frame animation workflow In Photoshop, you use the Animation panel to create animation frames. Each frame represents a configuration of layers.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 554 Last updated 1/10/2010 Video and animation • Change layer opacity to make content fade in or out. • Change the blending mode of layers. • Add a style to layers. Photoshop provides tools for keeping characteristics of a layer the same across frames. See “Changing attributes of layers in animations” on page 556. 7. Add more frames and edit layers as needed. The number of frames you can create is limited only by the amount of system memory available to Photoshop.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 555 Last updated 1/10/2010 Video and animation Select one animation frame 1 (Photoshop Extended) Make sure the Animation panel is in frame animation mode. 2 Do one of the following: • Click a frame in the Animation panel. • In the Animation panel, click the Selects Next Frame button to select the next frame in the series as the current frame. • In the Animation panel, click the Selects Previous Frame button to select the previous frame in the series as the current frame.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 556 Last updated 1/10/2010 Video and animation Changing attributes of layers in animations The unify buttons (Unify Layer Position, Unify Layer Visibility, and Unify Layer Style) in the Layers panel determine how the changes you make to attributes in the active animation frame apply to the other frames in the same layer.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 557 Last updated 1/10/2010 Video and animation images, new layers are added to the image; however, only the pasted layers are visible in the destination frames (the existing layers are hidden). Paste Over Selection Adds the contents of the pasted frames as new layers in the image. When you paste frames into the same image, using this option doubles the number of layers in the image. In the destination frames, the newly pasted layers are visible, and the original layers are hidden.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 558 Video and animation 5 Specify the layer or layers to be varied in the added frames: All Layers Varies all layers in the selected frame or frames. Selected Layer Varies only the currently selected layer in the selected frame or frames. 6 Specify layer properties to be varied: Position Varies the position of the layer’s content in the new frames evenly between the beginning and ending frames.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 559 Last updated 1/10/2010 Video and animation 4 Specify the delay: • Choose a value from the pop-up menu. (The last value used appears at the bottom of the menu.) • Choose Other, enter a value in the Set Frame Delay dialog box, and click OK. If you selected multiple frames, specifying a delay value for one frame applies the value to all frames. Choose a disposal method The frame disposal method specifies whether to discard the current frame before displaying the next frame.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 560 Video and animation Note: Looping options can also be set in the Save For Web & Devices dialog box. For more information, see “Save For Web & Devices overview” on page 513. More Help topics “Save a file in GIF format” on page 460 “Photoshop format (PSD)” on page 464 Delete an entire animation 1 (Photoshop Extended) Make sure the Animation panel is in frame animation mode. 2 Select Delete Animation from the Animation panel menu.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 561 Video and animation • A new video layer for adding video content. • A new blank video layer for cloning content to or creating hand-drawn animations. 4. Add content to the layer. 5. (Optional) Add a layer mask. A layer mask can be used to reveal only a portion of the layer’s content. You can animate the layer mask to reveal different portions of the layer’s content over time. See “Add layer masks” on page 325. 6.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 562 Video and animation More Help topics “Switch animation modes (Photoshop Extended)” on page 537 “Choose interpolation method (Photoshop Extended)” on page 562 “Create hand-drawn animations (Photoshop Extended)” on page 564 Use keyframes to animate layer properties (Photoshop Extended) You can animate different layer properties, such as Position, Opacity, and Style. Each change can occur independently of, or simultaneously with, other changes.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 563 Video and animation • Open the Animation panel menu and choose either Keyframe Interpolation > Linear or Keyframe Interpolation > Hold.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 564 Last updated 1/10/2010 Video and animation 5 Select the destination layer. 6 Open the Animation panel menu and choose Paste Keyframes. Delete keyframes (Photoshop Extended) ❖ Select one or more keyframes and do one of the following: • Right-click (Windows) or Control-click (Mac OS) a selected keyframe, and choose Delete Keyframes from the context menu. • From the Animation panel menu, choose Delete Keyframes.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 565 Video and animation Onion skin settings specify how previous and later frames appear when Onion Skins are enabled in the Animation panel. (See “Animation panel overview” on page 535.) 1 Open the Animation panel menu and choose Onion Skin Settings. 2 Specify options for the following: Onion Skin Count Specifies how many previous and forward frames are displayed.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 566 Last updated 1/10/2010 Video and animation 2 In the Layers panel, select the layers you want for the animation, and choose Make Frames From Layers from the Animation panel menu. You can edit the animation, use the Save For Web & Devices command to save an animated GIF, or use the Render Video command to save the animation as a QuickTime movie. Previewing video and animations Preview a frame animation 1 Do one of the following: • Click the Play button in the Animation panel.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 567 Video and animation Previewing video or timeline animations (Photoshop Extended) Your video or animation can be previewed in the document window. Photoshop uses RAM to preview the video or animation during your editing session. When you play or drag to preview frames, they are automatically cached for faster playback the next time they’re played. The cached frames are indicated by the green bar in the work area of the Animation panel.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 568 Video and animation • To set output options before viewing your document on the device, choose File > Export > Video Preview. The Video Preview dialog box opens. If your document’s pixel aspect ratio doesn’t match the aspect ratio settings of the display device, you will see an alert. Note: The Send Video Preview To Device command uses the previous settings in the Video Preview dialog box.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 569 Video and animation Saving and exporting video and animations Video and animation export formats You can save animations as GIF files for viewing on the web. In Photoshop Extended, videos and animations can be saved as QuickTime movies or PSD files.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 570 Video and animation Flatten frames into layers When you flatten frames into layers, a single layer is created for each frame in a video layer. This can be useful, for example, if you’re exporting the individual video frames as separate image files, or if you’re planning to use the video of a static object in an image stack. 1 In the Animation or Layers panel, select the video layer.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 571 Video and animation More Help topics “Saving and exporting images” on page 446 “Interpret video footage (Photoshop Extended)” on page 545 Working with Image Sequences video QuickTime export file formats 3G A file format developed for third-generation mobile devices. FLC An animation format for playback of computer-generated animations on workstations, Windows, and Mac OS. This format is also referred to as FLI.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 572 Video and animation • Optimized For Specifies the intended delivery method if you choose H.264 from the Video Format menu, click Video Options, and select Best Quality. This setting tells the codec how much the data rate can vary above and below the data rate you choose. • Image Size Specifies a standard for sending the file to a mobile phone. Current maintains the source material size; the resulting file may not play on a mobile phone.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 573 Video and animation 4 Under Video, click the Settings button and set the following: Compression Type Chooses the video compressor (codec) to compress your video. Frame Per Second Specifies the number of individual images shown every second. NTSC is generally the standard video format and is 29.97 fps. PAL is a European video format that is 25 fps. The standard for film is 24 fps.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 574 Video and animation Image sequence settings for QuickTime export Typically, QuickTime is used to export video files. However, you can also select Image Sequence from the QuickTime Export pop-up menu. Click Settings to access the following options: Format Chooses a file format for the exported images. Frames Per Second Sets the frame rate for the image sequence.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 575 Video and animation Encoding Mode (H.264 only) Specifies whether you want the best quality or faster encoding. Specify QuickTime Movie settings (Photoshop Extended) 1 In the Render Video dialog box, select QuickTime Export and then choose QuickTime Movie from the pop-up menu. 2 Click the Settings button. 3 In the Movie Settings dialog box, make sure Video is selected.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 576 Video and animation QuickTime movie size settings The following settings are available in the Export Size Settings dialog box: Dimensions Specifies the frame size for your exported movie. If you want to specify a frame size not included in the Dimensions menu, choose Custom and enter values for Width and Height. Preserve Aspect Ratio Using Specifies an option if the movie is scaled to a new frame size.
Last updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 19: 3D and technical imaging Adobe Photoshop CS4 Extended supports a variety of 3D file formats. You can manipulate and merge existing 3D objects, create new 3D objects, edit and create 3D textures, and combine 3D objects with 2D images. Adobe Photoshop CS4 Extended also offers powerful tools for technical image analysis and editing, including MATLAB integration, support for DICOM medical imaging formats, and image stack technology for sophisticated image enhancement.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 578 Last updated 1/10/2010 3D and technical imaging For a video on working with 3D files in Photoshop, see www.adobe.com/go/lrvid4004_ps. About OpenGL OpenGL is a software and hardware standard that accelerates video processing when working with large or complex images, such as 3D files. OpenGL requires a video adapter that supports the OpenGL standard. Your performance when opening, moving, and editing 3D models is significantly improved on a system with OpenGL installed.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 579 Last updated 1/10/2010 3D and technical imaging A K B C D E F L M N O P G H I J Q Options for 3D object tools (above) and 3D camera tools (below) A. Return to initial object position B. Rotate C. Roll D. Drag E. Slide F. Scale G. Position menu H. Save current position/camera view I. Delete current position/camera view J. Position/camera view coordinates K. Return to initial camera position L. Orbit M. Roll N. Pan O. Walk P. Zoom Q.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 580 Last updated 1/10/2010 3D and technical imaging Pan Drag to pan the camera in the x or y direction. Hold down Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS) as you drag to pan in the x or z direction. Walk Drag to walk the camera (z translation and y rotation). Hold down Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS) as you drag to walk in the z/x direction (z translation and x rotation). Zoom Drag to change the field of view of the 3D camera. Maximum field of view is 180.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 581 3D and technical imaging • To rotate the model, click the curved rotation segment just inside an axis tip. A yellow circle appears showing the rotation plane. Drag in a clockwise or counterclockwise circle around the 3D Axis center. To rotate more gradually, move the mouse further away from the center of the 3D Axis. • To resize the model, drag the center cube in the 3D Axis up or down.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 582 Last updated 1/10/2010 3D and technical imaging A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O 3D panel with Scene tab selected. A. Scene button B. Meshes button C. Materials button D. Lights button E. Meshes F. Material G. Lights H. Render presets menu I. Customize render settings J. Select texture to paint on K. Cross section settings L. Toggle ground plane M. Toggle lights N. Add new light O.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 583 Last updated 1/10/2010 3D and technical imaging Note: You cannot turn material display on or off from the 3D panel. To show or hide materials, change the visibility settings for their associated textures in the Layers panel. See “3D Materials settings (Photoshop Extended)” on page 585. Access settings for the 3D scene 1 Click the Scene button. 2 If not already selected, click the Scene entry at the top of the component list.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 584 Last updated 1/10/2010 3D and technical imaging Cross Section Select to create a planar cross section that can intersect the model at an angle you choose. Allows you to slice through a model and view interior content. See “View cross sections” on page 584. View cross sections You can view a cross section of a 3D model by intersecting it with an invisible plane that slices through the model at any angle and displays content only on one side of the plane.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 585 Last updated 1/10/2010 3D and technical imaging Show or hide a mesh ❖ Click the eye icon next to a mesh name in the top section of the 3D panel. Manipulate individual meshes Use the mesh position tools to move, rotate, or scale a selected mesh without moving the model as a whole. The position tools operate in the same way as the main 3D position tools in the Tools panel. For information on each tool, see “Move, rotate, or scale a model with 3D object tools” on page 579.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 586 Last updated 1/10/2010 3D and technical imaging You can create, load, open, remove, or edit the properties of texture maps using the texture map menu next to each texture type. You can also create a texture by painting directly on an area of the model. See “Paint on 3D models (Photoshop Extended)” on page 593. Note: Depending on the texture type, you may not need or want a separate 2D file to create or modify a material’s appearance.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 587 Last updated 1/10/2010 3D and technical imaging Environment Stores the image of the environment surrounding the 3D model. Environment maps are applied as spherical panoramas. The contents of the environment map can be seen in the reflective areas of the model. To prevent an environment map from reflecting on a given material, change Reflectivity to 0%, add a reflectivity map that masks the material area, or remove the environment map for that material.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 588 Last updated 1/10/2010 3D and technical imaging Open a texture map for editing ❖ Click the texture map menu icon and choose Open Texture. The texture map opens as a Smart Object in its own document window. After editing the texture, make the 3D model document window active to see updates to the model. See “Create and edit textures for 3D models (Photoshop Extended)” on page 590.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 589 Last updated 1/10/2010 3D and technical imaging For a video about adjusting 3D lights, see www.adobe.com/go/lrvid4004_ps. (Light-related discussion begins at the five-minute mark.) Add or delete individual lights ❖ In the 3D panel, do either of the following: • To add a light, click the Create A New Light button , and choose the light type (point, spot, or infinite). • To delete a light, select it from the list at the top of the Lights section .
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 590 Last updated 1/10/2010 3D and technical imaging You can change the guide color in the Guides, Grids, and Slices section of the Preferences dialog box. A B C Light Guides: A. Point light B. Spot light C. Infinite light Save, replace, or add groups of lights To store groups of lights for later use, save them. To include the lights in other projects, either add to or replace the existing set.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 591 Last updated 1/10/2010 3D and technical imaging A C B Layers panel showing 3D textures, grouped by texture map type A. 3D layer B. Texture map types C. Texture map filename Note: Texture maps used by a particular material also appear in the lower section of the 3D panel when a material is selected. See “3D Materials settings (Photoshop Extended)” on page 585.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 592 3D and technical imaging Create UV overlays A diffuse texture file used by multiple materials on a 3D model can group several content areas that are applied to different surfaces on the model. The process called UV mapping matches coordinates in the 2D texture map with specific coordinates on the 3D model. UV mapping allows the 2D texture to be painted correctly onto the 3D model.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 593 3D and technical imaging Reparameterized texture using Low Distortion (left) and Fewer Seams (right) 4 (Optional) If the reparameterization option you chose does not create optimal surface coverage, choose Edit > Undo and try the other option. You can also use the Reparameterize command to improve the default texture mapping that occurs when you create 3D models from 2D layers. See “Create 3D objects from 2D images (Photoshop Extended)” on page 596.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 594 3D and technical imaging When painting directly on the model, you can choose which underlying texture map to apply paint to. Typically paint is applied to the diffuse texture map, which gives a model material its color properties. You can also paint on other texture maps, such as the bump map or opacity map. If you paint on an area of the model that lacks the type of texture map you’re painting on, a texture map is automatically created.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 595 Last updated 1/10/2010 3D and technical imaging Set the paint falloff angle When painting on a model, the paint falloff angle controls how much paint is applied to a surface as it curves away from the forward-facing view. The falloff angle is calculated based on a “normal”, or straight line projecting out from the part of the model surface that faces you.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 596 3D and technical imaging The areas selected by Select Paintable Areas, and the paintable areas shown in Paint Mask mode, are partially determined by the current Paint Falloff setting. A higher paint falloff setting increases the paintable area, a lower setting decreases the paintable area. See “Set the paint falloff angle” on page 595.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 597 3D and technical imaging • The original 2D layer appears in the Layers panel as a Diffuse texture map. It may be used on one or more surfaces of the new 3D object. Other surfaces may be assigned a default diffuse texture map with a default color setting. See “3D panel overview (Photoshop Extended)” on page 581. 3 (Optional) Use the Spherical Panorama option if you are using a panoramic image as your 2D input.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 598 Last updated 1/10/2010 3D and technical imaging The 3D layer is added as a new 3D layer in the target document. It becomes the active layer in the Layers panel of the target document. 4 In the Tools panel, select a 3D camera tool. 5 In the options bar, from the Position menu, select the layer name for the original 3D layer in the target file. After you match the camera position of the two 3D layers, the two 3D objects appear together in the scene.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 599 Last updated 1/10/2010 3D and technical imaging • 3D render settings. Change render modes, with the ability to tween transitions between some render modes. For example, change Vertices mode gradually to Wireframe over time, to simulate the sketching-in of a model’s structure. • 3D cross section. Rotate an intersecting plane to display a changing cross section over time. Change cross section settings between frames to highlight different model areas during an animation.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 600 Last updated 1/10/2010 3D and technical imaging A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q Default render presets A. Bounding Box B. Depth Map C. Hidden Wireframe D. Line Illustration E. Normals F. Paint mask G. Ray Traced (with ground plane) H. Shaded Illustration I. Shaded Vertices J. Shaded Wireframe K. Solid Wireframe L. Solid M. Transparent Bounding Box Outline N. Transparent Bounding Box O. Two-Sided P. Vertices Q.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 601 3D and technical imaging Face options Face options determine how model surfaces appear. Face Style Draws surfaces using any of these methods: • Solid Draws without shadows or reflections using the GPU on an OpenGL video card. • Ray Traced Draws with shadows, reflections, and refractions using the CPU on the computer motherboard. • Unlit Texture Draws without lighting, instead displaying only the selected Texture option. (Diffuse is selected by default.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 602 Last updated 1/10/2010 3D and technical imaging Stereo options Stereo options adjust settings for images that will either be viewed with red-blue glasses or printed to objects that include a lenticular lens. Stereo Type Specifies Red/Blue for images viewed with colored glasses or Vertical Interlaced for lenticular prints. Parallax Adjusts the distance between the two stereo cameras.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 603 3D and technical imaging Saving and exporting 3D files (Photoshop Extended) To preserve the 3D content in a file, save the file in Photoshop format or another supported image format. You can also export a 3D layer as a file in a supported 3D file format. Export a 3D layer You can export 3D layers in all supported 3D formats: Collada DAE, Wavefront/OBJ, U3D, and Google Earth 4 KMZ.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 604 3D and technical imaging Note: Any measurement scale present in a DICOM file is automatically imported with the file. If no scale is present, the default scale of 1 pixel = 1 mm is added as a custom measurement scale. See “Set the measurement scale (Photoshop Extended)” on page 607.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 605 Last updated 1/10/2010 3D and technical imaging To zoom, choose a zoom level from the Select Zoom Level menu (or click the plus and minus signs to zoom in and out). To pan, click the Hand icon at the top of the dialog box and drag across the frame. Create a 3D volume (Photoshop Extended) 1 Choose File > Open, select a DICOM file, and click Open. 2 Select the frames you want to convert to a 3D volume. Shift-click to select contiguous frames.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 606 3D and technical imaging Maximum Intensity Projection Displays maximum values in the volume to provides a quick preview of volume structure. Does not provide any depth cues. Red-Blue Color Scale Transfer function that uses a full red-blue color gradient. Thin Isolines Transfer function that uses constant color, while opacity component is a function with multiple spikes, to display isovalues.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 607 3D and technical imaging After creating frames in the (Animation) Timeline panel, you can save DICOM files as QuickTime movies (change grayscale DICOM files to RGB, and then render to video). You can also save frames as animated GIF files (choose File > Save for Web and Devices). You can also use the Timeline panel to animate a 3D volume created from a DICOM file. See “Create 3D animations (Photoshop Extended)” on page 598.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 608 Last updated 1/10/2010 3D and technical imaging Set measurement scale 1 Open a document. 2 Choose Analysis > Set Measurement Scale > Custom. The Ruler tool is automatically selected. Drag the tool to measure a pixel distance in the image or enter a value in the Pixel Length text box. Your current tool setting is restored when you close the Measurement Scale dialog box. 3 Enter the Logical Length and Logical Units that you want to set equal to the Pixel Length.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 609 3D and technical imaging Text position Displays caption above or below the scale marker. Color Sets the scale marker and caption color to black or white. 3 Click OK. The scale marker is placed in the lower left corner of the image. The marker adds a layer group to the document, containing a text layer (if the Display Text option is selected) and a graphic layer.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 610 3D and technical imaging 3 (Optional) Choose Analysis > Select Data Points and do one of the following: • Choose Custom to select data points to measure. • Select an existing data point preset from the submenu. For a video on understanding and using the measurement features, see www.adobe.com/go/vid0029. In the Select Data Points dialog box, data points are grouped according to the measurement tool that can measure them.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 611 3D and technical imaging Gray Value This is a measurement of brightness, either from 0 to 255 (for 8-bit images), 0 to 32,768 (for 16-bit images), or 0.0 to 10 (for 32-bit images). For all gray value-related measurements, the image is internally converted to grayscale (equivalent to choosing Image > Mode > Grayscale) using the default grayscale profile.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 612 3D and technical imaging 4 Click OK. Use the Measurement Log (Photoshop Extended) When you measure an object, the Measurement Log panel records the measurement data. Each row in the log represents a measurement set; columns represent the data points in a measurement set. When you measure an object, a new row appears in the Measurement Log.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 613 3D and technical imaging 2 Do one of the following: • Choose Delete from the Measurement Log options menu. • Click the Delete icon at the top of the panel. • Right-click in a row or column header, then select Delete from the pop-up menu. Export Measurement Log data You can export data from the Measurement Log into a comma-delimited text file.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 614 3D and technical imaging 3 Click in the image to add a count marker and label: • To move a count marker, move the pointer over the marker or number until the cursor changes to the direction arrows, then drag. (Shift-click to constrain the drag horizontally or vertically.) • Alt-click (Windows) or Option-click (Mac OS) to remove a marker. The total count is updated.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 615 3D and technical imaging Photoshop and MATLAB (Photoshop Extended) About Photoshop and MATLAB (Photoshop Extended) MATLAB is a high-level technical computing language and interactive environment for algorithm development, data visualization, data analysis, and numeric computation. With Photoshop Extended you can view MATLAB imageprocessing results in Photoshop, and combine MATLAB commands with Photoshop image-editing features.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 616 Last updated 1/10/2010 3D and technical imaging Using help and getting started (Photoshop Extended) MATLAB’s help system includes examples of a MATLAB/Photoshop workflow. 1 Choose Help > Full Product Family Help. You see a Photoshop Toolbox with submenu items, including Examples for getting started. If you don’t see the Photoshop Toolbox, try the following steps. 2 Click the Start Button. 3 Choose Desktop Tools > View Source Files.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 617 3D and technical imaging M Specifies the color mode: RGB, CMYK, Lab, Bitmap, or Grayscale. The default is RGB. F Specifies the background contents of the new document: White, Background Color, or Transparent. The default is White. A Specifies the pixel aspect ratio. The default is 1.0 (square). B Specifies the bit depth: 1, 8, 16, or 32. The default is 8. P Specifies the color profile. The default is the working color space for the specified color mode.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 618 Last updated 1/10/2010 3D and technical imaging • For removing objects from the image, use the Median plug-in. The output is a composite image the same size as the original image stack. You may need to experiment with different plug-ins to get the best enhancement for a particular image. To change the rendering effect, choose a different Stack Mode from the submenu.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 619 3D and technical imaging Edit an image stack Because an image stack is a Smart Object, you can edit the original images that make up the stack layers at any time. ❖ Choose Layer > Smart Objects > Edit Contents, or double-click the layer thumbnail. After you save the edited Smart Object, the stack is automatically rendered with the last rendering option applied to the stack.
620 Last updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 20: Automating tasks Automating tasks can save you time and ensure consistent results for many types of operations. Photoshop provides a variety of ways to automate tasks—using actions, droplets, the Batch command, scripting, templates, variables, and data sets. Automating with actions About actions An action is a series of tasks that you play back on a single file or a batch of files—menu commands, panel options, tool actions, and so on.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 621 Automating tasks View actions by name only ❖ Choose Button Mode from the Actions panel menu. Choose Button Mode again to return to list mode. Note: You can’t view individual commands or sets in Button mode. Select actions in the Actions panel ❖ Click an action name. Shift-click action names to select multiple, contiguous actions, and Ctrl-click (Windows) or Command-click (Mac OS) action names to select multiple, discontiguous actions.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 622 Last updated 1/10/2010 Automating tasks Manage actions Manage actions in the Actions panel to keep them organized and to make available only the actions you need for a project. You can rearrange, duplicate, delete, rename, and change options for actions in the Actions panel. Rearrange actions in the Actions panel ❖ In the Actions panel, drag the action to its new location before or after another action.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 623 Last updated 1/10/2010 Automating tasks Save a set of actions 1 Select a set. If you want to save a single action, first create an action set and move the action to the new set. 2 Choose Save Actions from the Actions panel menu. 3 Type a name for the set, choose a location, and click Save. You can save the file anywhere. You can save only the entire contents of a set in the Actions panel, not individual actions.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 624 Last updated 1/10/2010 Automating tasks Important: The Replace Actions command replaces all sets of actions in the current document. Before using the command, make sure that you have already saved a copy of your current set of actions using the Save Actions command. Creating actions Recording actions Keep in mind the following guidelines when recording actions: • You can record most—but not all—commands in an action.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 625 Last updated 1/10/2010 Automating tasks Note: If you assign an action the same shortcut that is used for a command, the shortcut will apply the action rather than the command. Color Assigns a color for display in Button mode. 4 Click Begin Recording. The Begin Recording button in the Actions panel turns red . Important: When recording the Save As command, do not change the filename. If you enter a new filename, that new name is recorded and used each time you run the action.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 626 Automating tasks 3 Type the message you want to appear. 4 If you want the option to continue the action without stopping, select Allow Continue. 5 Click OK. You can insert a stop when recording an action or after it has been recorded. Change settings when playing an action By default, actions are completed using the values specified when they were originally recorded.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 627 Automating tasks You can insert a command when recording an action, or after it has been recorded. An inserted command doesn’t execute until the action is played, so the file remains unchanged when the command is inserted. No values for the command are recorded in the action. If the command opens a dialog box, the dialog box appears during playback, and the action pauses until you click OK or Cancel.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 628 Automating tasks Processing a batch of files Convert files with the Image Processor The Image Processor converts and processes multiple files. Unlike the Batch command, the Image Processor lets you process files without first creating an action. You can do any of the following in the Image Processor: • Convert a set of files to either JPEG, PSD, or TIFF format; or convert files simultaneously to all three formats.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 629 Automating tasks 6 Set other processing options. Run Action Runs a Photoshop action. Choose the action set from the first menu and the action from the second menu. The action set must be loaded in the Actions panel before they appear in these menus. Copyright Info Includes any text you enter in the IPTC copyright metadata for the file. Text you include here overwrites the copyright metadata in the original file.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 630 Automating tasks Batch-process files in nested folders into different formats 1 Process your folders as you would normally, until the Destination step. 2 Choose Save And Close for the destination.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 631 Automating tasks Batch and droplet processing options Specify these options in the Batch and Droplet dialog boxes. Override Action “Open” Commands Ensures that the files you selected in the Batch command are processed, without opening the file you may have specified in the action's Open command.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 632 Automating tasks File Naming Specifies file naming conventions if writing files to a new folder. Select elements from the pop-up menus or enter text into the fields to be combined into the default names for all files. The fields let you change the order and formatting of the components of the filename.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 633 Automating tasks Set scripts and actions to run automatically You can have an event, such as opening, saving, or exporting a file in Photoshop, trigger a JavaScript or a Photoshop action. Photoshop provides several default events, or you can have any scriptable Photoshop event trigger the script or action. See the Photoshop CS4 Scripting Guide for more information on scriptable events. 1 Choose File > Scripts > Script Events Manager.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 634 Last updated 1/10/2010 Automating tasks A B Flower Daisy Lily Rose C Creating different versions of an image using variables A. Source file template B. User defines layers as variables. C. Different versions of the image can be created, each with a different variable data set. Define variables You use variables to define which elements in a template change. You can define three types of variables. Visibility variables show or hide the content of a layer.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 635 Automating tasks You cannot define variables for the Background layer. 1 Choose Image > Variables > Define. 2 Select a layer from the Layer pop-up menu that contains the content you want to define as a variable. 3 Select one or more types of variables: Visibility Shows or hides the content of the layer. Pixel Replacement Replaces the pixels in the layer with pixels from another image file. Text Replacement Replaces a string of text in a type layer.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 636 Last updated 1/10/2010 Automating tasks 2 Click the New Data Set button . 3 Select a variable from the Name pop-up menu or the list at the bottom of the dialog box. 4 Edit the variable data: • For Visibility variables , select Visible to show the layer’s content or Invisible to hide the layer’s content. • For Pixel Replacement variables , click Select File and select a replacement image file.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 637 Automating tasks All the variable names are listed on the first line, in the order that the values are given in subsequent lines. Each subsequent line represents one data set, with the values for each variable given. To create multiple lines of text in a single line of text in a data set, enclose the text in double quotes and insert hard returns in the tab- or comma-separated file where you want the breaks to occur.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 638 Automating tasks 4 Set the encoding of the text file or leave the setting Automatic. 5 Click OK. Saving templates for use with other Adobe products You can save a template in PSD format for use with other Adobe products, such as Adobe Graphics Server (available only in English) and Adobe GoLive.
Last updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 21: Optional plug-ins Photoshop includes several optional plug-ins, extensions, and presets that are not installed with your application. You can find many of these items in the Goodies folder of your application disc. The Goodies folder also includes an OptionalPluginsReadMe file with instructions on how to install the plug-ins and presets, as well as information on where to download additional, older plug-ins.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 640 Optional plug-ins • Click a placeholder in the preview layout and browse to select an image. Click a placeholder in the Picture Package preview layout, then browse to select an image. • Drag an image from the desktop or a folder into a placeholder. Add an image to a picture package by dragging the image from the desktop into a placeholder. You can change any image in the layout by clicking a placeholder and browsing to select an image.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 641 Optional plug-ins Customize a picture package layout You can modify existing layouts or create new layouts using the Picture Package Edit Layout feature. Your custom layouts are saved as text files and stored in the Layouts folder inside the Presets folder. You can then reuse your saved layouts. The Picture Package Edit Layout feature uses a graphic interface that eliminates the need to write text files to create or modify layouts.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 642 Optional plug-ins Create a contact sheet To create more effective contact sheets, use the Adobe Output Module in Adobe Bridge. For more information, see Create a PDF contact sheet with Adobe Output Module. If you prefer the older Contact Sheet plug-in described below, download it for Windows or Mac OS. Contact sheets let you easily preview and catalog groups of images by displaying a series of thumbnails on a single page.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 643 Optional plug-ins • Select Use Auto-Spacing to let Photoshop automatically space the thumbnails in the contact sheet. If you deselect Use Auto-Spacing, you can specify the vertical and horizontal space around the thumbnails. The contact sheet preview in the dialog box is automatically updated as you specify the spacing. • Select Rotate For Best Fit to rotate the images, regardless of their orientation, so they fit efficiently on a contact sheet.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 644 Optional plug-ins Each template for gallery styles comes with different options. If you’re using a preset style, some options may be dimmed, or unavailable in that particular style. Create a web photo gallery To create more effective web galleries, use the Adobe Output Module in Adobe Bridge. For more information, see Create a web photo gallery with Adobe Output Module.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 645 Optional plug-ins If you use the Image Processor, you can save the files directly to JPEG format in the size that you want them. If you do so, make sure to turn Resize Images off in the Large Image options. Web photo gallery options General Options for file extensions, encoding, and metadata. • Extension Uses either .htm or .html as the filename extension. • Use UTF 8 Encoding For URL Uses UTF-8 encoding.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 646 Optional plug-ins • Font and Font Size (Available for some site styles) Specify the font and size of the caption. Custom Colors Options for colors of elements in the gallery. To change the color of an element, click its color swatch and then select a new color from the Adobe Color Picker. You can change the background color of each page (Background option) and of the banner (Banner option). Security Displays text over each image as a theft deterrent.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 647 Optional plug-ins About customizing web photo gallery styles You can customize an existing web photo gallery style by editing one or more of its HTML template files. When customizing a style, you need to follow these guidelines so that Photoshop can generate the gallery correctly: • The style folder must contain these files: Caption.htm, IndexPage.htm, SubPage.htm, Thumbnail.htm, and FrameSet.htm.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 648 Optional plug-ins When customizing or creating a gallery style, you can add any token to any HTML template file, with the exception of %THUMBNAILS% and %THUMBNAILSROWS%, which can appear only in the IndexPage.htm file. When adding a token, keep in mind that you may also need to add HTML code to the file so that the token is used correctly. You can use the following tokens in the HTML template files: %ALINK% Determines the color of active links.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 649 Optional plug-ins %IMAGE_SIZE% If the Resize Images box is selected, this token contains the image pixel value used in the Large Images panel. If the box is not selected, this token contains an empty string. This is useful for JavaScript in the templates, because it can show the maximum height and width values for all images for the generated site. %IMAGESRC% Determines the URL for a full-size image on a gallery page.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 650 Optional plug-ins Extract an object from its background To more effectively extract objects from backgrounds, use the Refine Edges option for selection tools. (See “Refine selection edges” on page 262.) If you prefer the optional Extract plug-in described below, download it for Windows or Mac OS. The Extract filter provides a sophisticated way to isolate a foreground object and erase its background on a layer.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 651 Last updated 1/10/2010 Optional plug-ins Smooth Enter a value or drag the slider to increase or decrease the smoothness of the outline. It’s usually best to begin with zero or a small value to avoid unwanted blurring of details. If there are sharp artifacts in the extraction result, you can increase the Smooth value to help remove them in the next extraction. Channel Choose the alpha channel from the Channel menu to base the highlight on a selection saved in an alpha channel.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 652 Last updated 1/10/2010 Optional plug-ins You can also clean up the image after an extraction by using the Background Eraser and History Brush tools in the toolbox. 8 Click OK to apply the final extraction. On the layer, all pixels outside the extracted object are erased to transparency. Generate a pattern using the Pattern Maker Pattern Maker is an optional plug-in that you can download for Windows or Mac OS.
Last updated 1/10/2010 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 653 Optional plug-ins 6 Click Generate Again to generate additional patterns using the same options, or adjust the options and then click Generate Again. Smoothness Adjusts the sharp edges in the pattern. Increase the smoothness to reduce edges. Sample Detail Specifies the size of pattern slices in the tile. A high value maintains more of the original detail in the pattern. A low value uses smaller slices in the tile.
Last updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 22: Keyboard shortcuts Keyboard shortcuts make you more productive in Photoshop. You can use the default shortcuts listed here, or add and customize shortcuts to suit your needs. Customizing keyboard shortcuts Photoshop lets you view a list of all shortcuts, and edit or create shortcuts. The Keyboard Shortcuts dialog box serves as a shortcut editor, and includes all commands that support shortcuts, some of which aren’t addressed in the default shortcut set.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 655 Last updated 1/10/2010 Keyboard shortcuts • To discard all changes and exit the dialog box, click Cancel. Note: If you haven’t saved the current set of changes, you can click Cancel to discard all changes and exit the dialog box. Clear shortcuts from a command or tool 1 Choose Edit > Keyboard Shortcuts. 2 In the Keyboard Shortcuts dialog box, select the command or tool name whose shortcut you want to delete. 3 Click Delete Shortcut.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 656 Last updated 1/10/2010 Keyboard shortcuts Result Windows Mac OS Lasso tool L L W W C C I I J J B B S S Y Y E E G G O O P P Polygonal Lasso tool Magnetic Lasso tool Magic Wand tool Quick Selection tool Crop tool Slice tool Slice Select tool Eyedropper tool† Color Sampler tool Ruler tool Note tool Count tool* Spot Healing Brush tool Healing Brush tool Patch tool Red Eye tool Brush tool Pencil tool Color Replacement tool Clone Stamp tool Pattern Stamp tool
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 657 Last updated 1/10/2010 Keyboard shortcuts Result Windows Mac OS Horizontal Type tool T T A A U U K K N N Hand tool† H H Rotate View tool R R Zoom tool† Z Z Vertical Type tool Horizontal Type mask tool Vertical Type mask tool Path Selection tool Direct Selection tool Rectangle tool Rounded Rectangle tool Ellipse tool Polygon tool Line tool Custom Shape tool 3D Rotate tool 3D Roll tool 3D Pan tool 3D Slide tool 3D Scale tool 3D Orbit tool 3D Roll View tool 3D
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 658 Last updated 1/10/2010 Keyboard shortcuts Keys for selecting tools in the Liquify toolbox Result Windows Mac OS Forward Warp tool W W Reconstruct tool R R Twirl Clockwise tool C C Pucker tool S S Bloat tool B B Push Left tool O O Mirror tool M M Turbulence tool T T Freeze Mask tool F F Thaw Mask tool D D Keys for working with Extract, Liquify, and Pattern Maker Result (Extract, Liquify, and Pattern Maker) Windows Mac OS Cycle through controls on
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 659 Last updated 1/10/2010 Keyboard shortcuts Result (Extract only) Windows Mac OS Move mask when Edge Touchup tool is selected Control-drag Command-drag Add opacity when Cleanup tool is selected Alt-drag Option-drag Toggle Show menu options in preview between Original and Extracted X X Enable Cleanup and Edge Touchup tools before preview Shift + X Shift + X Cycle through Display menu in preview from top to bottom F F Cycle through Display menu in preview from bottom
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 660 Last updated 1/10/2010 Keyboard shortcuts Result (Pattern Maker only) Windows Mac OS Go to previous tile in Tile History Left Arrow, Page Up Left Arrow, Page Up Go to next tile in Tile History Right Arrow, Page Down Right Arrow, Page Down Delete current tile from Tile History Delete Delete Nudge selection when viewing the original Right Arrow, Left Arrow, Up Arrow, or Down Right Arrow, Left Arrow, Up Arrow, or Down Arrow Arrow Increase selection nudging when viewing th
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 661 Last updated 1/10/2010 Keyboard shortcuts Keys for using the Camera Raw dialog box Note: Holding down a key temporarily activates a tool. Letting go of the key returns to the previous tool.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 662 Last updated 1/10/2010 Keyboard shortcuts Result Windows Mac OS Increase/decrease temporary Adjustment Brush tool size Alt + ] / Alt + [ Option + ] / Option + [ Increase/decrease temporary Adjustment Brush tool feather Alt + Shift + ] / Alt + Shift + [ Option + Shift + ] / Option + Shift + [ Increase/decrease temporary Adjustment Brush tool flow in increments of 10 Alt + = / Alt + - Option = / Option + - Switch to New mode from Add or Erase mode of the Adjustment Brush
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 663 Last updated 1/10/2010 Keyboard shortcuts Result Windows Mac OS Display highlights that will be clipped in Preview Alt-drag Exposure, Recovery, or Black sliders Option-drag Exposure, Recovery, or Black sliders Highlight clipping warning O O Shadows clipping warning U U (Filmstrip mode) Add 1 - 5 star rating Ctrl+1 - 5 Command+1 - 5 (Filmstrip mode) Increase/decrease rating Ctrl+. (period) / Ctrl+, (comma) Command+.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 664 Last updated 1/10/2010 Keyboard shortcuts Keys for using Vanishing Point Result Windows Mac OS Zoom tool Z Z Zoom 2x (temporary) X X Hand tool H H Switch to Hand tool (temporary) Spacebar Spacebar Zoom in Control + + (plus) Command + + (plus) Zoom out Control + - (hyphen) Command + - (hyphen) Fit in view Control + 0 (zero), Double-click Hand tool Command + 0 (zero), Double-click Hand tool Zoom to center at 100% Double-click Zoom tool Double-click Zoom too
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 665 Last updated 1/10/2010 Keyboard shortcuts Result Windows Mac OS Show/hide measurements (Photoshop Extended only) Control + Shift + H Command + Shift + H Export to a DFX file (Photoshop Extended only) Control + E Command + E Export to a 3DS file (Photoshop Extended only) Control + Shift + E Command + Shift + E Keys for working with blending modes Result Windows Mac OS Cycle through blending modes Shift + + (plus) or – (minus) Shift + + (plus) or – (minus) Normal
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 666 Last updated 1/10/2010 Keyboard shortcuts Result Windows Mac OS Desaturate Sponge tool + Shift + Alt + D Sponge tool + Shift + Option + D Saturate Sponge tool + Shift + Alt + S Sponge tool + Shift + Option + S Dodge/burn shadows Dodge tool/Burn tool + Shift + Alt + S Dodge tool/Burn tool + Shift + Option + S Dodge/burn midtones Dodge tool/Burn tool + Shift + Alt + M Dodge tool/Burn tool + Shift + Option + M Dodge/burn highlights Dodge tool/Burn tool + Shift + Alt +
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 667 Last updated 1/10/2010 Keyboard shortcuts Result Windows Mac OS Temporarily zoom into an image Hold down H and then click in the image and hold down the mouse button Hold down H and then click in the image and hold down the mouse button Scroll image with Hand tool Spacebar-drag, or drag view area box in Navigator panel Spacebar-drag, or drag view area box in Navigator panel Scroll up or down 1 screen Page Up or Page Down† Page Up or Page Down† Scroll up or down 10 unit
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 668 Last updated 1/10/2010 Keyboard shortcuts Result Windows Mac OS Move layer 1 pixel when nothing selected on layer Control + Right Arrow, Left Arrow, Up Arrow, or Down Arrow† Command + Right Arrow, Left Arrow, Up Arrow, or Down Arrow† Increase/decrease detection width Magnetic Lasso tool + [ or ] Magnetic Lasso tool + [ or ] Accept cropping or exit cropping Crop tool + Enter or Esc Crop tool + Return or Esc Toggle crop shield off and on / (forward slash) / (forward sl
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 669 Last updated 1/10/2010 Keyboard shortcuts Result Windows Mac OS Deletes color sampler Color sampler tool + Alt-click Color sampler tool + Option-click Sets opacity, tolerance, strength, or exposure for painting mode Any painting or editing tool + number keys (e.g., 0 = 100%, 1 = 10%, 4 then 5 in quick succession = 45%) (When airbrush option is enabled, use Shift + number keys) Any painting or editing tool + number keys (e.g.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 670 Last updated 1/10/2010 Keyboard shortcuts Result Windows Mac OS Move type in image Control-drag type when Type layer is selected Command-drag type when Type layer is selected Select 1 character left/right or 1 line down/up, or 1 word left/right Shift + Left Arrow/Right Arrow or Down Arrow/Up Arrow, or Control + Shift + Left Arrow/Right Arrow Shift + Left Arrow/Right Arrow or Down Arrow/Up Arrow, or Command + Shift + Left Arrow/Right Arrow Select characters from insertion
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 671 Last updated 1/10/2010 Keyboard shortcuts Result Windows Mac OS Decrease or increase leading 2 points or pixels Alt + Down Arrow or Up Arrow†† Option + Down Arrow or Up Arrow†† Decrease or increase baseline shift 2 points or pixels Shift + Alt + Down Arrow or Up Arrow†† Shift + Option + Down Arrow or Up Arrow†† Decrease or increase kerning/tracking 20/1000 ems Alt + Left Arrow or Right Arrow†† Option + Left Arrow or Right Arrow†† †Hold †† down Alt (Win) or Option (Mac
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 672 Last updated 1/10/2010 Keyboard shortcuts Result Windows Mac OS Show/Hide all panels except the toolbox and options bar Shift + Tab Shift + Tab Highlight options bar Select tool and press Enter Select tool and press Return Increase/decrease units by 10 in a pop-up menu Shift + Up Arrow/Down Arrow Shift + Up Arrow/Down Arrow Keys for using the Actions panel Result Windows Mac OS Turn command on and all others off, or turns all commands on Alt-click the check mark ne
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 673 Last updated 1/10/2010 Keyboard shortcuts Result Windows Mac OS Switch to next document Ctrl + Tab Command + ` Switch to previous document Shift + Control + Tab Shift + Command + ` Delete layer Delete or Backspace Delete Keys for using the Animation panel Result Windows Mac OS Select/deselect multiple contiguous frames Shift-click second frame Shift-click second frame Select/deselect multiple discontiguous frames Control-click multiple frames Command-click multi
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 674 Last updated 1/10/2010 Keyboard shortcuts Result Windows Mac OS Move to the beginning of the work area Shift + Home Shift + Home Move to the end of the work area Shift + End Shift + End Move to In point of the current layer Up Arrow Up Arrow Move to the Out point of the current layer Down Arrow Down Arrow Back 1 second Shift + Up Arrow Shift + Up Arrow Foward 1 second Shift + Down Arrow Shift + Down Arrow Return a rotated document to its original orientation
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 675 Last updated 1/10/2010 Keyboard shortcuts Result Windows Mac OS Select/deselect alpha channel and show/hide as a rubylith overlay Shift-click alpha channel Shift-click alpha channel Display channel options Double-click alpha or spot channel thumbnail Double-click alpha or spot channel thumbnail Toggle composite and grayscale mask in Quick Mask mode ~ (tilde) ~ (tilde) Keys for using the Color panel Result Windows Mac OS Select background color Alt-click color in co
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 676 Last updated 1/10/2010 Keyboard shortcuts Result Windows Mac OS Rename in-line Double-click layer comp name Double-click layer comp name Select/deselect multiple contiguous layer comps Shift-click Shift-click Select/deselect multiple discontiguous layer comps Control-click Command-click Keys for using the Layers panel Result Windows Mac OS Load layer transparency as a selection Control-click layer thumbnail Command-click layer thumbnail Load filter mask as a sele
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 677 Last updated 1/10/2010 Keyboard shortcuts Result Windows Mac OS Edit layer style Double-click layer Double-click layer Disable/enable vector mask Shift-click vector mask thumbnail Shift-click vector mask thumbnail Open Layer Mask Display Options dialog box Double-click layer mask thumbnail Double-click layer mask thumbnail Toggle layer mask on/off Shift-click layer mask thumbnail Shift-click layer mask thumbnail Toggle filter mask on/off Shift-click filter mask thu
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 678 Last updated 1/10/2010 Keyboard shortcuts Result Windows Mac OS Retain intersection of path as a selection Control + Shift + Alt-click pathname Command + Shift + Option-click pathname Hide path Control + Shift + H Command + Shift + H Set options for Fill Path with Foreground Alt-click button Color button, Stroke Path with Brush button, Load Path as a Selection button, Make Work Path from Selection button, and Create New Path button Option-click button Keys for using the
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 679 Last updated 1/10/2010 Keyboard shortcuts 3D Object Tool Right-click (Windows) / Controlclick (Mac OS) Alt (Windows) / Option (Mac OS ) Rotate Changes to Drag tool Changes to Roll tool Roll Changes to Slide tool Changes to Orbit tool Drag Changes to Orbit tool Changes to Slide tool Slide Changes to Roll tool Changes to Drag tool Scale Scales on the Z plane L Camera Tool Right-click (Windows) / Controlclick (Mac OS) Alt (Windows) / Option (Mac OS ) Orbit Chang
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 680 Last updated 1/10/2010 Keyboard shortcuts Result Windows Mac OS Revert F12 F12 Fill Shift + F5 Shift + F5 Feather Selection Shift + F6 Shift + F6 Inverse Selection Shift + F7 Shift + F7
681 Last updated 1/10/2010 Index Numerics 16 bpc images 56 inserting stops in 625 Adobe Exchange 4 loading 623 Adobe Illustrator 32 bpc images 75 playing 621 files, opening 66, 68 360 degree panoramas 249 processing files with droplets 630 importing art from by placing 65 3D files rearranging 622 metadata in 470 about 577 recording 624 formats 577 recording again 627 opening 578 renaming 622 rendering 602 selecting 621 Adobe PDF conversion settings 451 undoing 621 Adobe PDF presets
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 682 Last updated 1/10/2010 Index loading a saved selection from 279 layer styles 305 options for 277 selections 263 saving templates for other Adobe applications 638 saving 447 type 414 through scripting 632 saving selection in 278 in web graphics 517 using droplets 630 ALT HTML element 511 Apple Color Picker 124 automating contact sheets 642 alternate glyphs AppleScript 632 automation.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 683 Last updated 1/10/2010 Index black-and-white images, creating 194 textured 346, 349 Blend Clipped Layers As Group option 301 wet edge or watercolor 349 blend color 350 Brushes panel Blend Interior Effects As Group option 301 about 339 blending modes keyboard shortcuts for 674 vignetting 101 white balance in 88 canceling operations 46 canvas filling 360 about 350 bump maps 409 choosing 298 Burn tool 209 Canvas Size command 200 for channel calculations 280, 281 Butt
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 684 Last updated 1/10/2010 Index Character panel CMYK images color models about 418 channel display 271 about 108 type size 419 out-of-gamut colors 164 HSB 109 characters scaling 428 CMYK inks. See process color inks characters. See type color adjustments.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 685 Last updated 1/10/2010 Index assigning and removing from documents 146 color wheel 108 cooling filters 188 Colored Pencil filter 395 Copy Frames command 556 converting 147 colors Copy Layer Style command 309 for desktop printers 142 for imported images 136, 137 See also background color, color management for monitors 144, 145 See also color management, color model PostScript artwork from clipboard 268 installing 145 converting to grayscale 113 selections 266 warnin
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 686 Last updated 1/10/2010 Index custom ink colors, choosing in Adobe Color Picker 123 Despeckle filter 398 Custom Spot Function option 490 Device Central integration customizing shortcuts 654 detection width, Magnetic Lasso tool 254 Photoshop 449 shifting to web-safe colors 525 transparency, in Optimize panel 522 Divide Slices 507 DNG (Digital Negative) 465 Cut command 269 Diameter option 341, 347 document dimension, viewing 35 Cutout filter 395 Diamond Gradient tool 355
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 687 Last updated 1/10/2010 Index saving and loading settings 496 lasso segments 254 viewing individual plates 496 to history to restore previous state 46 scanning and 493 tracking 296 Duplicate Channel command 272 Events Manager 633 Duplicate command 36 Every-line Composer 434 filename extensions, preferences for saving 448 Duplicate Merged Layers Only option 36 Exchange 4 files Duplicate Path command 382 Exclusion mode 352 Dust & Scratches filter 398 Export Contents c
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 688 Last updated 1/10/2010 Index Neon Glow 395 Free Transform command, about 222 converting to indexed color 115 Noise 398 Freeform Pen tool 374 creating by mixing channels 185 Other 402 freeze areas, with Liquify filter 226 creating from color images 113, 193 Paint Daubs 395 frequency.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 689 Last updated 1/10/2010 Index grid and guides 39 Hue/Saturation command combining multiple 331 layer styles 308 about 172 converting between bit depths 56 tool tips 13 adjusting 173 converting between color modes 112 using layer masks 325 colorizing grayscale images with 174 copying selections between 266 High Dynamic Range images.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 690 Last updated 1/10/2010 Index Indexed Color mode about 115 conversion options 115 JPEG files optimization options 519 JPEG format discarding 329 displaying 327 displaying channel 326 converting RGB and Grayscale images to 115 about 467 editing 325 compression 463 loading as selections 329 using type with 410 saving files in 459 Info panel about 32 before-and-after color values in 33 specifying image quality 459 justifying type 431 See type, formatting color corrections
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 691 Last updated 1/10/2010 Index knockout 299 Set Gray Point eyedropper in 167 looping, in animations 559 linking 289 setting target values with 180 lossless compression formats 463 loading boundaries as selection 329 Lighten mode 351 locking 294 Lighter color mode 352 lossy compression mask 323 lighting effects 307 low-key images 153 merging 296 Lighting Effects filter lpi (lines per inch) 55, 59 JPEG format and 463 modifying effects in 307 about 399, 406 Luminosi
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 692 Last updated 1/10/2010 Index Match Color command meshes, saving with Liquify filter 232 Noise filters 398 about 181 MESSAGE HTML element 511 noise, dither 522 adjusting color with 183 metadata Nondestructive editing, about 314 matching color between layers 182 about 470 nonprintable colors 123 matching colors 182 Mezzotint filter 399 Normal mode 351 MATLAB midtones, adjusting with Levels 167 Note Paper filter 400 command reference 616 Minimum and Maximum filter
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 693 Last updated 1/10/2010 Index file formats for 518 panoramic images, creating 247 from selection borders 386 generating CSS layers 517 Paragraph panel, about 429 leaving open 372 previewing results 518 paragraph type.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 694 Last updated 1/10/2010 Index downsampling 454 Photoshop PDF format 468 opening 66 Photoshop Raw format PNG file format about 468 Photoshop PDF 468 about 465 Interlaced option 459 saving 450 saving in 461 options for 459 Pen tool drawing curves 370, 373 Photoshop.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 695 Last updated 1/10/2010 Index previewing channel calculations 281 Q quadtones. See duotones color and pixel values 157 Quick Mask mode resizing about 59 images during printing 482 colors.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 696 Last updated 1/10/2010 Index S Sampled Blur filter 396 sampling from layers 287 images with a tool 201, 204, 206 saturation Scale Effects command 310 from paths 385 scale markers snapping behavior of 38 creating 608 deleting 608 scaling stroking 262 selections adding to 261 content-aware 224 adding to channel 278 about 109 images 218 aligning 252 adjusting 172, 210 images during printing 482 anti-aliasing 263 adjusting a specific color range 92 layer styles 310 co
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 697 Last updated 1/10/2010 Index subtracting from 261 Single-line Composer 434 subtracting from channel 279 Sketch filters 400 about 317 tools and commands for making 251 Slice Options dialog box 503 applying 318 with straight-edged borders 253 Slice tool 504 copying 318 slices deleting 319 Selective Color command 187 Smart Filters Selective color palette 116 about 503 disabling masks 320 selective sharpening 216 adding links to 511 duplicating 319 separations.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 698 Last updated 1/10/2010 Index Sort By Popularity command 524 styles Threshold command 194 spacer cells 531 applying preset 303 Threshold slider 404 Spacing option, brush 343, 347 converting to layers 310 thumbnails spacing, between words and letters.
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 699 Last updated 1/10/2010 Index painting 332 TrueType fonts 422 changing orientation 417 recording in actions 624 Trumatch color system 124 rasterizing 417 setting pointer appearance of 25 tryouts 4 transforming 410 snapping behavior of 38 Tsume option 440 standard and precise cursors in 25 TWAIN interface for scanners 653 Type tool 411 viewing current 35 tweening 557 type, editing viewing hidden 18, 24 animation frames 536 unwarping 438 hyphenation 434 Tools pan
USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 700 Last updated 1/10/2010 Index filling selections with another area image 232 warnings, showing and hiding 44 WMMP optimization options 527 Warp command 223 word breaks, preventing 434 measuring in 232 Warp tool 227 word spacing 431 painting with a color in 232 warping an image.
