IBM Voice over Frame Relay Perform Guide Donna Fox, Kazunari Suzuki, B. Venkatesh International Technical Support Organization www.redbooks.ibm.
International Technical Support Organization IBM Voice over Frame Relay Perform Guide February 2000 SG24-5852-00
Take Note! Before using this information and the product it supports, be sure to read the general information in Appendix H, “Special Notices” on page 243. First Edition (February 2000) This edition applies to IBM 9783 Voice FRAD Version 3.3b and the IBM 2212 Access Utility Version 3.3. Comments may be addressed to: IBM Corporation, International Technical Support Organization Dept. HZ8 Building 678 P.O.
Contents Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii The Team That Wrote This Redbook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Comments Welcome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii © Copyright IBM Corp. 2000 Chapter 1. Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.
4.0.4 BRS Super-Class. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 4.1 Review of IBM 2212 Frame Relay Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 4.1.1 DLCI (Data Link Connection Identifier). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 4.1.2 Fully Meshed and Partially Meshed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 4.1.3 Local Management Interface (LMI). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 4.1.
A.4.1 Customer Project Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184 Appendix B. Pre-installation Site Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B.1 Network Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B.2 Customer Site Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B.3 Environmental Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I.3 Referenced Web sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 How to Get IBM Redbooks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247 IBM Redbooks Fax Order Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248 List of Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Preface This redbook will help you to design, install and implement a voice over frame relay (VoFR) network environment with 2212s and 9783s. This redbook gives a broad understanding of a new networking architecture, VoFR. Some knowledge of voice, telephony, frame relay and wide area networking is assumed. The Team That Wrote This Redbook This redbook was produced by a team of specialists from around the world working at the International Technical Support Organization, Raleigh Center.
• Fax the evaluation form found in “IBM Redbooks evaluation” on page 253 to the fax number shown on the form. • Use the online evaluation form found at http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/ • Send your comments in an internet note to redbook@us.ibm.
Chapter 1. Introduction This section provides a brief overview of the telephony marketplace and of the IBM Voice over Frame Relay (VoFR) solution. The IBM Voice over Frame Relay solution allows you to integrate voice applications seamlessly into your existing frame relay network infrastructure. A typical application of the IBM VoFR solution will include two or more branch offices communicating with the corporate headquarters over a public frame relay network.
1.4 Related Web Sites IBM Networking has partnered with quality education providers worldwide to give you the technical education you require to meet your business objectives. Please go to http://www.networking.ibm.com/ntm/ntmbp.html. In the United States contact IBM Education and Training at http://www-3.ibm.com/services/learning/training.htm. Other related Web sites include: • Integrated Voice and Data Solution: http://www.networking.ibm.com/netnews/051899-9783.
European public switched telephone networks while feature 3211 supports North America and other geographies. 1.5.3 2-Port Analog E&M Voice CPCI Adapter (FC3312) The 2212 E&M adapter supports inter-PBX tie trunk connections. It supports E&M types 1, 2, and 5 in both normal and reverse modes with either a 2-wire or 4-wire electrical interface. Each port on the E&M adapter emulates E&M transmission equipment to the attaching switch.
IBM 2212 Cisco 3600 Lucent/Ascend Max 6000 Motorola Vanguard 6560 Modular Platform Throughput Upgradeable performance option Choice of hardfile / flash-based system Yes 28K - 100+K pps Yes Yes Yes 20K - 70K pps No No Yes 30K- 50K pps No No Yes 25K - 30K pps No No Fast Ethernet Up to 9 ports Up to 4 ports Token Ring Up to 9 ports Up to 4 ports 1 port on base only Not supported, 10M EN up to 2 ports Not supported Up to 1 port Mixed LAN Media T1/E1 WAN Synchronous, Asynchronous Yes Up to 20 po
Competitive Comparison IBM 2212 Cisco 3600 Multiprotocol Routing Extensive IP functionality Including IPv6 SNA to IP Migration, including APPN Including Exclusives Legacy protocols support including BSC and Asynch Bandwidth optimization, congestion management, protocol prioritization VPN tunneling protocols including IPSec, L2TP, PPTP VPN security features including firewall, DHCP, authentication, key exchange Policy-based networking support incl differentiated services, LDAP or COPS Embedded Policy
Competitive Comparison IBM Solution 9783, 2212,2210 Cisco Solution 3810,3600,2600 Motorola Solution VGuard 6xxx,3xx ACT Solultion 9400, 93x0 LAN connectivity Max Frame Relay connections Analog voice interfaces including E&M 2- and 4-wire, FXO, FXS Max Analog channels supported Digital PBX interface DSX-1 EN, Fast EN, TR Up to 20 ports EN, Fast EN, TR Up to 12 ports EN, TR Up to 12 EN, TR Up to 8 Up to 8 Up to 12 Up to 12 Up to 8 Max Digital channels supported Voice Compression Algorithms Up t
Chapter 2. Design Consideration for a VoFR Network This chapter deals with several important issues relating to the voice over frame relay network design. 2.1 Number of Voice Trunks The number of required trunks is based on the size of the office and the average number of hours of calling time in the day that the trunks will be used at a location. This will vary based on the type of business being operated.
distributed across a normal day and not grouped together at particular peak hours. Table 1.
This table also assumes that the trunks in the primary office can be shared so that new calls originating from or terminating at a remote office can be routed by any available trunk at the headquarters. If the trunks at the main office cannot be "pooled", then each small branch will need trunks dedicated to them at a 1:1 ratio. 2.2 Public vs.
2.4 Frame Relay Topology Design B ra n c h IB M 9 7 8 3 IB M 2 2 1 2 IB M 2 2 1 2 F r a m e R e la y N e t w o rk IB M 64kbps IB M 1 .5 M b p s 64kbps 64kbps IB M 2 2 1 2 HQ IB M 2 2 1 2 IB M IB M Figure 4. IBM 2212 Sample Voice Configuration with 1.5 Mbps at HQ and 64 kbps at the Branch Office The above network design is recommended. The explanation is as follows: • Branch router incoming traffic is controlled by HQ router’s frame relay PVC to branch router Bc and Be definition.
Branch Frame Relay Network IBM IBM 64kbps 1.5Mbps HQ-A 1.5Mbps IBM HQ-B Voice Data Figure 6. IBM 2212 Sample Voice Configuration with Multiple HQs and One Branch Office The above network design is not recommended for the following reasons: • Branch office router incoming traffic is not controlled by HQ router’s frame relay PVC to branch router Bc and Be definition, because there are more than two HQs. • Branch router incoming traffic is not only from one HQ router’s frame relay PVC.
2.5 Determining the Correct Frame Relay Parameters Table 4 shows how to determine frame relay parameters, including CIR, Bc, etc. Table 4.
IBM 22 12 64kbps IBM 2212 64kbps 1.5M bps IB M 2212 CIR =16kbps 22 12 H Q IB M 2212 64kbps 22 12 H Q In form ation R a te an d Tim e C IR m onitor: disable M IR =Line S peed=1.5bps Inform atio n Rate 80 CIR m onitor enable 70 B E C N =0 60 12% inclease 50 B E C N =1 25% decrease C IR m onitor : enable M IR =(Bc+B e)/Tc=64K bps 40 30 CIR m onitor disable 20 10 C IR =16 0 Tim e 25% of C IR =4kbps Figure 8.
Evocator Frame packing Tc Value CS-ACELP 1 30 (minimum Tc is 30) CS-ACELP 2 40 CS-ACELP 3 60 CS-ACELP 4 80 CS-ACELP 5 100 See 4.1, “Review of IBM 2212 Frame Relay Basics” on page 63 for details. 2.6 IBM 2212 Network Design with Leased Line The IBM 2212 supports the following voice configuration with leased line. L e a s ed lin e IB M IB M 2212A 2212B Figure 9.
The IBM 2212 does not support the above network design with two leased lines to carry voice, because the IBM 2212 can only specify one frame relay network number to carry voice. So this network design needs a IBM 9783 with IBM 2212 A to communicate voice from 2212 B to 2212 C. PBX IBM Leased line 2212A Leased line IBM IBM 2212C 2212B Figure 11. IBM 2212 with PBX Voice Configuration with Leased Line You may think that a PBX has the capability of call routing like the IBM 9783.
IBM 9783 for digital lines such as T1,E1 for VoFR to VoIP migration point. See 4.2.4, “IBM 9783, 2212 at Headquarters and 2212 at Branch Offices” on page 105 for a detailed configuration. 2.7 2212 Network Design with Frame Relay PBX PBX 9783 IBM 2212A IBM Frame Relay 2212B 221X Frame Relay 2212C I BM IBM I BM I BM IBM Figure 13. IBM 2212 with PBX versus IBM 2212 and IBM 9783 Figure 13 compares an IBM 2212 with a PBX against an IBM 2212 and IBM 9783.
2.7.1 Hunt Group Design using IBM 2212 and IBM 9783 9783 IBM Frame Relay IBM 2212B IBM PBX 101 2212C PBX 102 201 202 Figure 14. IBM 9783 Hunt Group Function The IBM 9783 routing table supports alternate routes. In the above network design, if 201 is busy talking to another number using an IBM 9783 circuit group, the IBM 9783 can find another route using an alternate route and can connect to 202 depending on whether it complies with the match destination rule.
H S P p o rts 2 m b its a ll p r o g ra m m a b l e f o r R S 2 3 2 , V .3 5 , R S 4 2 2 A1 A2 A3 A4 H S P C a rd G D I in te rfa c e 1 92 kb p s m a x C o r e B o a rd A n a lo g a n d D ig ita l V o ic e Figure 15. IBM 9783 GDI Interface 2.7.2.1 Advantages of Designing a Network using Two IBM 9783s [PBX] MAX 127 C ircuit G roup IBM9783 [PBX] E&M E&M Node ID 0.0.0.1 IBM9783 Node ID 0.0.0.2 [IBM2 216] #2 [IBM2216] #1 Frame R elay Network Node ID 0.0.0.1 0.0.0.3 Node ID 0.0.0.4 0.0.0.
2.8 Strategies for Voice Traffic Prioritization This section discusses voice traffic prioritization in a voice over frame relay network. 1. You need to determine each destination (DLCI) priority and required bandwidth. DLCI:16 CLASS16 DLCI:17 CLASS17 WAN DLCI:18 OSPF(High) CLASS18 DLCI:19 CLASS19 Figure 17. BRS Circuit Class Table 8. Examples of BRS Circuit Classes DLCI Circuit Class Reserved Bandwidth 16 CLASS16 25% 17 CLASS17 25% 18 CLASS18 25% 19 CLASS19 25% 1.
Super-Class:Voice VOFR (Urgent) Local 10% OSPF(High) WAN DLCI16 Default 20% IP(Normal)) SNA 70% DLSw(High) Figure 18. BRS Definition Table 9. Example of BRS Definition Circuit Class Protocol Class CLASS16 VoFR CLASS16 DE bits Priority Reserved Bandwidth Voice Urgent NA OSPF Local High 10% CLASS16 IP Default Normal 20% CLASS16 SNA DLSw High 70% 2. You need to determine how to use DE bits. See 4.1.11, “Discard Eligibility (DE)” on page 69 for details. Table 10.
have any impact on the other PVC provided it is also defined in BRS and BRS Super-class priority. For example, if PVC 16 in Figure 17 on page 19 is defined for voice with Urgent priority, this will not have any effect on PVC 17.
22 IBM Voice Over Frame Relay Perform Guide
Chapter 3. Installation and Configuration Activities This chapter provides a quick, step-by-step guide for completing the tasks required to install and configure an IBM 9783 unit and IBM 2212 Access Utility. Commands in the IBM 9783 are referenced in Appendix F, “Command Summary” on page 203. 3.1 Initial Powering of IBM 9783 To verify the operation of the IBM 9783 unit, perform the following tests: 1. Connect the power cord of the IBM 9783 unit to a grounded outlet.
5. If the power-up sequence is successful, a Nuera greeting message, like the one shown below, is displayed on the terminal screen, followed by the software version number. Nuera Communications -- Access Plus F200 NMS IP Copyright (C) Nuera Communications 1989-1998 All Rights Reserved Please Wait.... Initializing Unit. Note: The Please Wait...Initializing Unit message means that the unit is starting up. System configurations will not be lost during this process. 6.
3.1.1.1 Levels A level-1 password provides access to all commands. However, level-1 access must be granted in order to change a password. A level-2 password allows access to only SHOW commands. Level-2 users can monitor IBM 9783 operation, but cannot change an IBM 9783 configuration. 3.1.1.2 Conventions Be sure to execute a QUIT command to terminate each console session. (However, the password does not time out if you forget to quit.
Enter new password: ***** 4. You are prompted to reenter your password as a confirmation. Retype it and press the Enter key. Enter new password: ***** Retype new password: ***** Local:tokyo>Local:PASSWORD> OK 3.1.2 Getting Started Perform the steps in this section for each of the IBM 9783 units in the installation (both local and remote units) before physical connections are made. 3.1.2.
5. To verify the hardware configurations of the unit, issue the SHOW CONFIG HARDWARE command. 3.2 IBM 2212 Access Utility Installation Procedure The installation procedure for the IBM 2212 Access Utility can be found in the Service and Maintenance Manual on the Internet at http://www.networking.ibm.com/support/docs.nsf/2212docs. 3.3 9783 Configuration Activities After analyzing your site requirements and performing the basic installation tasks, you are ready to begin configuring your IBM 9783 ports. 3.3.
3.3.2 Frame Relay Port Configuration All units in a network must use the same frame format (frame format options available for the 9783) unless the only connections between them are specified as non-bundled, data connections.
Task Command IBM 9783 Status Create static connections between subDLCIs or DLCIs assigned to frame relay ports ch c Data port must be online The following procedure describes how to configure the data ports for frame relay use. 1. Issue the following command. (In the following command line examples, A2 corresponds to data port A2. On your command line, replace A2 with the designation for the data port you want to configure.) DATA_PORTS A2 MODE FRAME_RELAY 2.
4. Configure the LMI. The choices are: • LMI TYPE NONE • A-ANNEX • B-ANNEX • REV1.0 • LMI MODE USER • NETWORK For example, to select LMI type none for frame relay port A2, issue the following command: FRAME_RELAY A2 LMI TYPE NONE 5. Configure the interface type: DATA_PORTS A2 INTERFACE RS 232 (or V35, RS 422, or INACTIVE) 6. Configure encapsulation. The choices are: • TYPE NONE • ENHANCED • FRAGMENT_SIZE 64-252, divisible by 4 7. Configure the DLCIs.
3.3.3 FRAD Port Configuration Task Command IBM 9783 Status Place the FRAD data port offline da dp of Place data port in FRAD mode da dp m frad Data port must be offline. Existing DLCI must be deleted if already assigned Configure data port clock mode da dp clo Data port must be offline.
2. Configure the clock mode for data ports that use BISYNC or HDLC/SDLC. The choices are: • INTERNAL • EXTERNAL • SPLIT For example, to select EXTERNAL clock mode for data port A2: DATA_PORTS A2 CLOCK_MODE EXTERNAL 3. Configure data port rate. Refer to Table 11 on page 29 for a list of the available data rates. The following example configures data port A2 for a data rate of 64000 bps. DATA_PORTS A2 RATE 64000 4. Configure the FRAD port type.
For example: FRAD A2 HDLC_CONFIG CRC 16_BITS 9. Configure the flow control setting. The choices are: • TYPE • INPUT • OUTPUT For example, to select CTS/DTR flow control for FRAD A2, issue the following command: FRAD A2 FLOW_CONTROL TYPE CTS/DTR 10.Configure the maximum fragment size by entering an integer from 64 to 255, divisible by 4. For example, the following command selects a fragment size of 64 for FRAD A2: FRAD A2 FRAGMENT 64 11.. Configure the modem signals.
3.3.
Task Command IBM 9783 Status Place the DSUB offline* ds of Configure DSUB framing format* ds f DSUB must be offline Configure DSUB line code* ds li DSUB must be offline Configure DSUB Channel Associated Signalling (CAS)* ds ca DSUB must be offline. CAS applies to the T-1 DSUB only Configure DSUB line build out (LBO)*, or ds lb DSUB must be offline.
3. Use the VOICE_PORTS V1A RATE command to configure the voice port rate. For ATC, the supported rates are: • ATC-supported rates: 7.47 to 32 Kbps. • CELP-supported rates: 5.33, 8.00, and 9.6 Kbps. • E-CELP-supported rates: 4.8, 7.47, and 9.6 Kbps For example, to select a 9.6 Kbps rate for voice port V1A, type: VOICE_PORTS V1A RATE 9600 4. Configure the termination impedance for analog voice ports.
9. Ensure that echo canceller, NLP, and tone disabler are enabled. (Normally, all three of these options are enabled.) The following example enables echo canceller on voice port V1A: VOICE_PORTS V1A ECHO_CANC ENABLE The following example enables NLP on voice port V1A: VOICE_PORTS V1A ECHO_CANC NLP ENABLE The following example enables the tone disabler on voice port V1A: VOICE_PORTS V1A TONE_DISAB ENABLE 10.. Configure vocoder to E-CELP or ATC. (When E-CELP is disabled, ATC is enabled by default.
Built-in Self Test: A built-in self-test can be performed on a voice port. To perform the built-in self-test on voice port V1A: VOICE_PORTS V1A BIT Establishing Communications: With the LMI communicating with the frame relay link and appropriately configured, verify the following: • The green SYNC indicator is lit continuously. • The red ALARM indicator is off. • On the command console, the command prompt (Local>) appears at the last line of the screen. 3.3.
5. Configure long- and short-haul specific parameters. (Long haul has a CSU onboard; short haul does not.) For T-1 long haul, configure the Line Build Out parameter. The available choices, in dB, are: • -7.5 • -15 • -22 For example: DSUB LBO 0 -7.5 To use -15 or -22, instead, replace -7.5 in the command line above with one of these selections. 6. For T-1 short haul, configure the Distance parameter.
3.3.8 Connecting Channels Use the following procedure to connect channels. 1. Connect or disconnect channels to DLCIs or subDLCIs. Use the following syntax to make your choice: CHANNEL CONNECT < upa> < upa:dlci:sub_channel> NORMAL/HIGH For example: CHANNEL CONNECT B2 A2:16:1 2. For remote commands, connect the control processor (CP) channel. For example: CHANNEL CONNECT CP A2:16:2 3. Connect the accounting channel. For example: CHANNEL CONNECT ACCOUNTING A2:16:3 4.
3.3.10 Selecting a Remote Node Read this section for information about selecting a remote node, configuring a CP network, and getting assistance for any problems you may have encountered while configuring your system. Use the SHOW REMOTE command to select the remote node with which you want to communicate via the command channel. For example: SELECT_REMOTE_NODE 1 3.3.10.1 Configuring a CP Network This section presents the procedure required to configure a control processor (CP) network.
2. Issue these commands for Unit 2: CHANNEL CONNECT CP A1:18:4 CHANNEL CONNECT CP A2:20:4 3. Issue these commands for Unit 3: CHANNEL CONNECT CP A2:20:4 CHANNEL CONNECT CP A3:22:4 4. Issue the following command for Unit 4: CHANNEL CONNECT CP A3:22:4 5. Issue these commands to map the units to Unit 1: UNIT MAP 3 A1:18:4 * UNIT MAP 4 A1:18:4 Because IBM 9783 FRADs dynamically map to the first sequential unit, you do not need to issue a UNIT MAP command between Unit 1 and Unit 2. 6.
RX-GAIN TX-GAIN ... OOS TYPE (E&M) WIRE (E&M) ... START (E&M) ... SUITE ... RATE FRAME-PACKING ... ECHO-CANCEL ... VAD ... FAX Where: NODE-ID Specifies the IP address of the voice port. The range is any valid IP address. The default is 0.0.0.0. LOCAL-NUMBER Specifies the local telephone number of the voice port. The range is any 20-digit(0-9, A-D, *,#) number. The default is 0. TELCO-OUTPUT-RULE Specifies which telco-output-rule to be used.
FRAME-PACKING Specifies the number of voice frames that will be packed into a single frame relay packet. The range is 1-5. The default is 1. The frame packing feature enables you to determine the trade-off between efficiency (overhead) and delay. In general, each additional voice packet being sent adds an additional 15 milliseconds to the end-to-end delay on the voice circuit.
1. At the OPCON prompt, enter talk 6. * talk 6 2. At the CONFIG prompt, enter the feat voice command. Config> feature voice 3. To configure a voice adapter, enter the following commands at the VoiceConfig> prompt. Table 16. Voice Feature Configuration Commands Command Function ADD Adds a call processing, dial-matching, or output rule. DELETE Remove a call-processing, dial-matching, or output rule. LIST Lists various timer and tone setting.
DIAL-MATCHING-RULE: Specifies a dial digit pattern-matching sequence in which each element of the sequence specifies the range of acceptable digits at that position.. Voice Config>ADD DIALDIAL-MATCHING-RULE Define Dial Digit Matching Rule #1 Dial Mask 1 : Digit String (0-9,A-D,*,#), [W]ildcard, [N]umeric Wildcard, [M]ultiDigit Wildcard. [MultiDigit Wildcard]? 1 Dial Mask 2 : Digit String (0-9,A-D,*,#), [W]ildcard, [N]umeric Wildcard, [M]ultiDigit Wildcard, or [E]nd.
first-digit-timeout The time during the first digit must be received. 0-1000 10000 glare-detect-timeout The time before a port can seize a channel. 0-500 500 inter-digit-timeout The time during a digit must be received after the first digit is received.
Voice Config>SET TONE DIAL On1 (0 to 32767 ms) [0]? Off1 (0 to 32767 ms) [0]? On2 (0 to 32767 ms) [0]? Off2 (0 to 32767 ms) [0]? Freq1 (300 to 3000 Hz) [350]? Freq2 (300 to 3000 Hz) [440]? Level1 (-7 to -22 dB) [-16]? Level2 (-7 to -22 dB) [-16]? • SET TONE DTMF: Specifies the characteristics of the dual-tone multi frequency (DTMF) signal.
Voice Config>SET TONE WARBLE On1 (0 to 32767 ms) [100]? Off1 (0 to 32767 ms) [100]? On2 (0 to 32767 ms) [100]? Off2 (0 to 32767 ms) [100]? Freq1 (300 to 3000 Hz) [1400]? Freq2 (300 to 3000 Hz) [2060]? Level1 (-7 to -22 dB) [-16]? Level2 (-7 to -22 dB) [-16]? 3.4.0.3 Voice Adapter Monitoring This section summarizes the voice adapter monitoring commands. Use the following procedure to access the voice interface monitoring process.
2212-yokohama Config>STATUS ode ID Absolute Port Address Vocoder Vocoder Vocoder Vocoder Vocoder Suite Active Rate Packet Size Frame Size : 0.0.0.40 : 00 Nuera ECELP 9600 18 120 Echo Canceller Fax Demodulation Fax Modulation Fax Type Fax Last FCF Filter Idle Idle V.27 at 9600 bps 0 Last Received Dial Sequence : Last Transmitted Dial Sequence : Transmit Packets Total Voice CAS DTMF FAX Lost Receive Packets 4377 4333 13 0 0 0 Total Voice CAS DTMF FAX Lost 2960 2926 24 0 0 0 Figure 21.
conforms to the specified in FRF.12, the frame relay forum fragmentation implementation agreement. There are two types of fragmentation: end-to-end and interface (or UNI/NNI). Interface level fragmentation has not been implemented by any major FR switch vendors and so it is not available through any FR service providers. IBM routers implements both types of fragmentation. You can configure the size of a fragment.
• At the interface level, you can assign a percentage of the interface’s bandwidth to circuit classes. Each circuit class contains one or more circuits. • At the circuit level, we can define traffic class and allocate a percentage of the circuit. A new voice over frame relay (VoFR) class is used to identify voice packets. If the circuit is dedicated to voice, set 100% of the circuit to the voice.
Config>FEATURE BRS Bandwidth Reservation User Configuration RTRC&D BRS Config>INTERFACE 0 RTRC&D BRS [i 0] Config>CIRCUIT 16 RTRC&D BRS [i 0] [dlci 16]>ADD-CLASS This circuit is currently using circuit defaults...
54 IBM Voice Over Frame Relay Perform Guide
Chapter 4. Sample Scenarios This chapter provides an overview of some basic VoFR scenarios that have been tested and used to teach networking specialists and business partners how to configure 9783 and 2212s in Japan. The six following scenarios are explained in this chapter. • 4.2.1, “Sample Scenario of IBM 2212 within the Branch” on page 73 • 4.2.2, “Sample Scenario of IBM 2212 Any-to-Any Calling Plan” on page 82 • 4.2.3, “Sample Scenario of 2212 with PBX and PSTN” on page 93 • 4.2.
Frame Relay Voice SNA IP CIR Monitoring Congestion Monitoring DE bits FRF.11 FRF.12 CIR Monitoring Congestion Monitoring DE bits FRF.11 FRF.12 CIR Monitoring Congestion Monitoring DE bits FRF.11 FRF.12 4.0.1 IP Understanding the difference between UDP and TCP is very important in understanding VoFR and VoIP concepts and design issues. . M is s io n - c r it ic a l M u lt im e d ia A p p lic a t io n A p p lic a ti o n ACK ?????? ACK ?????? TCP UDP Figure 23. TCP and UDP 4.0.1.
Stream Data Transfer From the application's viewpoint, TCP transfers a continuous stream of bytes through the network. The application does not have to bother with chopping the data into basic blocks or datagrams. TCP does this by grouping the bytes in TCP segments, which are passed to IP for transmission to the destination. Also, TCP itself decides how to segment the data and it can forward the data at its own convenience.
< < B rid g in g > > End S ys te m LAN B rid g e W AN C lo ud B rid g e LAN End S ys te m In fo RR < < D a ta L in k S w itc h in g > > T C P /IP End S ys te m LAN DLSw W AN C lo ud In fo D LS w LAN End S ys te m In fo RR RR Figure 24. DLSw and DLC Timeout DLSw was developed to provide support for SNA and NetBIOS in multiprotocol routers. Since SNA and NetBIOS are basically connection-oriented protocols, the data link control procedure that they use on the LAN is IEEE 802.
SNA IP digital 2212 LAN card Frame Relay Network WAN Voice card digital Analog/digital conversion Analog Voice Figure 25. IBM 2212 Voice Card Adapter The IBM 2212 voice adapter has the following functions: • • • • • • • E-CELP CS-ACELP VAD Echo Canceller Jitter Buffer Lost voice packet processing FAX support 4.0.
When you enable the interface and one or more circuits for BRS and do not configure any c-classes or t-classes, all the circuits are assigned to one c-class called the default. With this configuration, there will be only the default c-class on the queue of c-classes and each of the circuits in the c-class with packets for transmission will be handled in a round-robin order. If you want BRS to do this, leave all circuits in the default c-class and do not create any other circuit classes.
BRS Super-Class OFF OFF 2212 40F IP IP 2212 40F IBM PBX IBM FXS E&M 8275 8275 WWW Browser WWW Serer Figure 28. BRS Super-Class Demonstration without BRS The reason voice quality is very poor is that IP traffic killed the voice traffic and voice traffic cannot keep the constant bandwidth that is necessary to keep voice quality, as shown in Figure 29. IB M IB M IP V o ic e Figure 29.
BRS Super-Class ON ON 2212 40F IP IP 2212 40F IBM PBX IBM FXS E&M Voice 8275 8275 WWW Browser WWW Server Figure 30. BRS Super-Class Demonstration with BRS Super-Class The reason voice quality remains good with IP traffic is because the BRS Super-Class transfers voice traffic as urgent, and transfers other data only when there is no voice traffic. Voice traffic can keep the constant bandwidth that is necessary to keep voice quality as shown in Figure 31.
2212A BRS [i 3] [dlci 200]>CREATE-SUPER-CLASS This circuit is currently using circuit defaults... Are you sure you want to override the defaults ?(Yes or [No]): y Class name [DEFAULT]? VOICE 2212A BRS [i 3] [dlci 200]>ASSIGN Protocol or filter name [IP]? vofr Class name [DEFAULT]? VOICE Priority [NORMAL]? u Frame Relay Discard Eligible [NO ]? 4.1 Review of IBM 2212 Frame Relay Basics This section explains the basics of frame relay.
4.1.2 Fully Meshed and Partially Meshed l Fully Meshed Partially Meshed Figure 32. Fully Meshed and Partially Meshed There are two common topologies for frame relay networks: 1. Fully meshed: each endpoint has a direct virtual link to every other endpoint, via one physical connection. This is often an expensive solution, since each router needs a DLCI per endpoint router. So in the above example, each router needs three DLCIs to get to each of the remote sites. 2.
2212 DLCI = 16 DLCI = 16 2212 DLCI = 17 DLCI = 18 DLCI = 18 STATUS ENQ STATUS 2212 Frame Relay Network DLCI = 20 2212 DLCI = 16 DLCI = 16 2212 DLCI = 17 DLCI = 18 DLCI = 18 STATUS ENQ (Full) 2212 Frame Relay Network DLCI = 20 STATUS (Full) DLCI = 16 OK DLCI = 17 OK DLCI = 18 NG Figure 33. Frame Relay LMI When FR interface receives a packet for encapsulation, it looks in its address resolution protocol (ARP) cache.
IBM 2212 BECN C IR 16 kbps M edia Speed 64 kbps Figure 34. Frame Relay CIR 4.1.5 Bc (Committed Burst), Be (Excess Burst) and Tc (Calculated Time) The committed burst (Bc) size is the maximum amount of data (in bits) that the network commits to deliver during a calculated time (Tc) interval. The Tc is equal to the Bc divided by the CIR (Tc = Bc / CIR). For example, if you set a VC’s CIR to 9600 bps and the committed burst size to 14400 bits, the time period is 1.5 sec. (14400 bits / 9600 bps = 1.5 sec).
discarded. The DE bit can be set by the router to indicate that some traffic should be considered discard eligible. If appropriate, the frame relay network will discard frames marked as discard eligible which may allow frames that are not marked discard eligible to make it through the network. When congestion occurs, the FR backbone network is responsible for notifying the sender and receiver by sending out a FECN or a BECN signal.
E very 45 m se c V o ice F ram e ge ne rated(F ram e p ackin g= 3) V oice D isc ard V oic e fram e 750m s ec b it 64 000 V o ice & D a ta 0 100 0 250 m sec Every 45msec Voice Frame generated(Frame packing=3) Voice bit 64000 Voice& Data 0 45 90 135 180ms Figure 37.
4.1.9 CIR Monitoring CIR monitoring is an optional frame relay feature that you can set for each interface to prevent the router from creating congestion conditions in the FR network. CIR monitoring allows the IR for a VC to range between the configured minimum and maximum IR. CIR monitoring is configured with the enable cir-monitor configuration command and is disabled by default. CIR monitoring, when enabled, overrides congestion monitoring.
The DE bit can be set by the router to indicate that some traffic should be considered discard eligible. If appropriate, the frame relay network will discard frames marked as discard eligible which may allow frames that are not marked discard eligible, to make it through the network. To identify traffic that is discard eligible: 1. Configure BRS on the frame relay interface and any FR circuits that have traffic that you are making discard eligible. 2.
If the customer wants to discard FTP IP traffic in order to keep the SNA traffic, the customer can define FTP traffic with DE bit ON. Both IP traffic and SNA traffic are delayed. The SNA traffic delay is less than the estimated delay. Frame Relay Network FR switch FR switch Congestion SNA : DE bit "OFF" TCP/IP : DE bit "ON" 2212 IP Traffic (FTP) 2212 SNA Traffic (DLSw ) IP Traffic (FTP) SNA Traffic (DLSw ) Estimated Delay Delay Figure 41.
4.1.12 FRF.11 FRF.11 was defined to extend FR support to the transportation of digital voice payloads. The frame format and procedures are defined in this implementation agreement (IA).
4.2 Sample Scenarios with IBM 2212 and IBM 9783 This section shows some sample scenarios that have been tested and some scenarios that are currently implemented in some customer locations. These scenarios will be useful when installing and configuring IBM 2212 Access Utility and IBM 9783 for a voice over frame relay network. 4.2.
• The network output rule lets you specify how the destination number should appear in the call setup frame relay packet. This rule consists of a combination of destination number digits and constants. • For each voice port, you can define up to eight call processing rules. Each rule contains a set of connection parameters that determine how a connection is established.
Rule Dial Match Rule Network Output Rule 2 3 4 The above example uses a 3-digit Dial Match Rule. The first digit is 1 and second and third digits are numeric wild card as ’N’ to make calls from 101 to 102 and from 101 to 102. The Dial Match Rule specifies a dial digit pattern-matching sequence in which each element of the sequence specifies the range of acceptable digits at that position. ’N’ is frequently used as a numeric wildcard.
For out-going calls, call processing rules are evaluated in ascending order by comparing the dialed digits to the dial digit matching rule associated with each call processing rule. If a match is found, the network output rule and call routing information in the call processing rule are used to process the call. Up to eight call processing rules can be defined for each voice port.
Config (only)>SET HOSTNAME 2212-A Host name updated successfully 2212-A Config (only)>ADD DEVICE VOICE-FXS 1996 more interfaces may be configured. Device Slot #(1-5) [1]? Adding 2 Voice FXS devices in slot 1 as interfaces 4 - 5. Use "net 4" - "net 5" to configure Voice FXS parameters. Config (only)>NETWORK 4 2212-A Voice 4 Config>LIST Node ID: 0.0.0.
.Config (only)>FEATURE VOICE 2212-A Voice Config>ADD DIAL-MATCHING-RULE Define Dial Digit Matching Rule #1 Dial Mask 1 : Digit String (0-9,A-D,*,#), [W]ildcard, [N]umeric Wildcard, [M]ultiDigit Wildcard. [MultiDigit Wildcard]? 1 Dial Mask 2 : Digit String (0-9,A-D,*,#), [W]ildcard, [N]umeric Wildcard, [M]ultiDigit Wildcard, or [E]nd. [End]? n Dial Mask 3 : Digit String (0-9,A-D,*,#), [W]ildcard, [N]umeric Wildcard, [M]ultiDigit Wildcard, or [E]nd.
2212-A *TALK 5 2212-A +NETWORK 4 2212-A Voice 0 Console>STATUS Node ID Absolute Port Address Vocoder Vocoder Vocoder Vocoder Vocoder Suite Active Rate Packet Size Frame Size : 0.0.0.0 : 00 Nuera ECELP 9600 18 120 Echo Canceller Fax Demodulation Fax Modulation Fax Type Fax Last FCF Filter Idle Idle V.
2212-A *TALK 5 CGW Operator Console 2212-A +EVENT Event Logging System user console 2212-A ELS>DISPLAY SUBSYSTEM voic all 2212-A ELS>EXIT 2212-A + 2212-A *TALK 2 00:00:37 VOIC.001: Call Setup recv nt 4 int Voice/0, trans DLCI 0 sub 0 cir 0 NID 0.0.0.0 Dest 102 00:00:37 VOIC.001: Call Connect recv nt 5 int Voice/1, trans DLCI 0 sub 0 cir 0 NID 0.0.0.0 00:00:39 VOIC.001: Call Answer recv nt 5 int Voice/1, trans DLCI 0 sub 0 cir 0 NID 0.0.0.0 00:00:43 VOIC.
2.
4.2.2 Sample Scenario of IBM 2212 Any-to-Any Calling Plan For this sample network configuration, two IBM 2212 routers are configured with a back-to-back frame relay configuration to allow any phone to call any other phone within the network. It is similar to two branch offices connected with a frame relay cloud. 101 201 2212-A 102 DLCI 16 2212-B FXS Adapter F XS Adapter 202 Figure 46. IBM 2212 Only Any-to-Any Configuration 4.2.2.
Rule DLCI and subchannel for processing DLCI and subchannel for payload Dial Match Rule Network Output Rule 4 5 6 7 8 4.2.2.4 2212 A This is the sample voice configuration procedure for 2212 A. Table 28. 2212 Dial Match and Network Output Table 2212 A Rule Dial Match Rule Network Output Rule 0 NONE NONE 1 1NN D1,D2,D3 2 201 3 202 4 The following example uses two 3-digit Dial Match Rules in addition to the previous sample scenario. 201 and 202 are remote extension numbers.
2212 Sub-Channel and Dial Match and Network of 2212 A ext 102 Rule DLCI and subchannel for processing DLCI and subchannel for payload Dial Match Rule Network Output Rule 1 Destination Type: Local Destination Type: Local 1 1 2 16,8 16,9 2 1 3 16,10 16,11 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 • Two new call processing rules are added to the previous sample scenario as Destination Type: Remote • Call Processing DLCI 16 specifies the DLCI that will be used to set up and then terminate the call.
2212 Sub-Channel and Dial Match and Network of 2212 B ext 201 Rule DLCI and subchannel for payload DLCI and subchannel for processing Dial Match Rule Network Output Rule 1 Destination Type: Local Destination Type: Local 1 1 2 16,4 16,5 2 1 3 16,8 16,9 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 Table 30.
4. Set the frame relay network for the voice traffic (feature voice, set fr-net). 5. Add dial matching rules for the telephones attached to the other 2212 (feature voice, add dial). 6. Add call processing rules for each voice port to go to both phones at the other 2212. Remember to use the same subchannels on both routers. (feature voice, add call). 7. Enable bandwidth reservation on the frame relay interface and the DLCI.
Using the FEATURE VOICE command we set the frame relay network for the voice traffic and add the additional dial matching rules. Issue the following commands: 2212-A Config>FEATURE VOICE 2212-A Voice Config>SET FR-NET Frame Relay Net for Voice Traffic [65535]? 0 3. To define dial matching rule: T2212-A Voice Config>ADD DIAL-MATCHING-RULE Define Dial Digit Matching Rule #2 Dial Mask 1 : Digit String (0-9,A-D,*,#), [W]ildcard, [N]umeric Wildcard, [M]ultiDigit Wildcard.
2212-A Voice Config>ADD CALL-PROCESSING-RULE Voice Net [0]? 4 Define Call Processing Rule #2 Destination Type (Local or Remote) [Remote]? Call Processing DLCI (16 to 1007) [16]? Payload DLCI (16 to 1007) [16]? Call Processing Subchannel (4 to 254) [4]? Payload Subchannel (4 to 254) [4]? 5 Dial Digit Matching Rule Number (0 to 3) [0]? 2 Network Output Rule Number (0 to 1) [0]? 1 2212-A Voice Config>ADD CALL-PROCESSING-RULE Voice Net [0]? 4 Define Call Processing Rule #3 Destination Type (Local or Remote) [Re
2212-B *TALK 6 Gateway user configuration 2212-B Config>SET DATA-LINK FRAME-RELAY 0 2212-B Config>NETWORK 0 Frame Relay user configuration 2212-B FR 0 Config>ENABLE FRAGMENTATION Specify the fragmentation type to be done [UNI/NNI Fragmentation]? e Fragment size (50 to 8190) [256]? Fragmented packet reassemby timer (3 to 10 seconds) [3]? 2212-B FR 0 Config>ENABLE CIR-MONITOR 2212-B FR 0 Config>DISABLE LMI 2212-B FR 0 Config>ADD PERMANENT-VIRTUAL-CIRCUIT Circuit number [16]? Committed Information Rate (CIR) i
2212-B Config>FEATURE VOICE 2212-B Voice Config>SET FR-NET 0 2212-B Voice Config>ADD DIAL-MATCHING-RULE Define Dial Digit Matching Rule #2 Dial Mask 1 : Digit String (0-9,A-D,*,#), [W]ildcard, [N]umeric Wildcard, [M]ultiDigit Wildcard. [MultiDigit Wildcard]? 1 Dial Mask 2 : Digit String (0-9,A-D,*,#), [W]ildcard, [N]umeric Wildcard, [M]ultiDigit Wildcard, or [E]nd. [End]? 0 Dial Mask 3 : Digit String (0-9,A-D,*,#), [W]ildcard, [N]umeric Wildcard, [M]ultiDigit Wildcard, or [E]nd.
2212-B Voice Config>ADD CALL-PROCESSING-RULE 4 Define Call Processing Rule #2 Destination Type (Local or Remote) [Remote]? Call Processing DLCI (16 to 1007) [16]? Payload DLCI (16 to 1007) [16]? Call Processing Subchannel (4 to 254) [4]? Payload Subchannel (4 to 254) [4]? 5 Dial Digit Matching Rule Number (0 to 3) [0]? 2 Network Output Rule Number (0 to 1) [0]? 1 2212-B Voice Config>ADD CALL-PROCESSING-RULE 4 Define Call Processing Rule #3 Destination Type (Local or Remote) [Remote]? Call Processing DLCI (1
2212-B *TALK 5 CGW Operator Console 2212-B +EVENT Event Logging System user console 2212-B ELS>DISPLAY SUBSYSTEM voic all 2212-B ELS> 2212-B *TALK 2 00:01:48 VOIC.001: Call DLCI 00:01:48 VOIC.001: Call DLCI 00:01:54 VOIC.001: Call DLCI 00:01:56 VOIC.001: Call DLCI 00:02:01 VOIC.001: Call DLCI 00:02:01 VOIC.001: Call DLCI 00:02:02 VOIC.001: Call DLCI 00:02:21 VOIC.001: Call DLCI 00:02:21 VOIC.001: Call DLCI 00:02:27 VOIC.001: Call DLCI 00:02:30 VOIC.001: Call DLCI 00:02:35 VOIC.001: Call DLCI 00:02:35 VOIC.
proprietary CALL SETUP, CONNECT, ANSWER, and RELEASE packets. The payload circuit is used to transfer packets containing the actual compressed voice data. • Destination Type specifies whether the destination node is on another 2212/9783 (Remote) or a another voice port on the same 2212 (Local). 4.2.
4.2.3.3 IBM 2212 Voice Configuration Sample Worksheets Use the following blank sheets to design 2212 A and 2212 B. Some values are already filled in as default parameters. Table 31.
4.2.3.4 2212 A This is the sample voice configuration procedure for 2212 A. Table 33. 2212 Dial Match and Network Output Table 2212-A Rule Dial Match Rule Network Output Rule 0 NONE NONE 1 160NNN D1,D2,D3 2 999 D1,D2,D3,D4,D5,D6 3 4 This example uses a 6-digit Dial Match Rule. The first three digits are 160 and the rest of them are numeric wild cards as ’NNN’ to make calls from 000 to 999.
To call from 2212-A analog phone (130-111) to digital phone with 2212-B (160-101) using ’D1,D2,D3,D4,D5,D6’, six digits are passed in the frame relay call setup packet. Table 35.
4.2.3.5 2212 B This is the sample voice configuration procedure for 2212 A. Table 37. Telco-Output_Rule Table Rule Dial Match Rule Network Output Rule 0 NONE NONE 1 130NNN D1,D2,D3 2 999 D4,D5,D6 3 4 The above example uses a 6-digit Dial Match Rule. The first three digits are 130 and the rest of them are numeric wild cards as ’NNN’ to make calls from 000 to 999.
Rule DLCI and subchannel for processing DLCI and subchannel for payload Dial Match Rule Network Output Rule 3 4 5 6 7 8 4.2.3.6 IBM 2212 A Configuration Steps 1. To configure the frame relay parameters: ..
Config (only)>ADD DEVICE VOICE-FXO 1994 more interfaces may be configured. Device Slot #(1-4) [1]? 2 Adding 2 Voice FXO devices in slot 2 as interfaces 6 - 7. Use "net 6" - "net 7" to configure Voice FXO parameters. Config (only)>NETWORK 6 Voice 6 Config>SET LOCAL-NUMBER Local Phone Number (1 to 20 digits, range 0-9, A-D, *, #) [0]? 999 Number of leading digits used for local call routing (1 to 3) [3]? Voice 6 Config>EXIT 4.
Define Network Output Rule #1 Digit 1 : (Destination/Constant/End) (1-20) [1]? 1 Digit 2 : (Destination/Constant/End) (1-20) [2]? 2 Digit 3 : (Destination/Constant/End) (1-20) [3]? 3 Digit 4 : (Destination/Constant/End) Voice Config>ADD NETWORK-OUTPUT-RULE Define Network Output Rule #2 Digit 1 : (Destination/Constant/End) (1-20) [1]? Digit 2 : (Destination/Constant/End) (1-20) [2]? Digit 3 : (Destination/Constant/End) (1-20) [3]? Digit 4 : (Destination/Constant/End) (1-20) [4]? Digit 5 : (Destination/Consta
Voice Config>ADD CALL-PROCESSING-RULE Voice Net [0]? 6 Define Call Processing Rule #2 Destination Type (Local or Remote) [Remote]? Call Processing DLCI (16 to 1007) [16]? Payload DLCI (16 to 1007) [16]? Call Processing Subchannel (4 to 254) [4]? 6 Payload Subchannel (4 to 254) [4]? 7 Dial Digit Matching Rule Number (0 to 2) [0]? Network Output Rule Number (0 to 2 [0]? Voice Config> 9.
4.2.3.7 IBM 2212 B Configure Steps 1.
4. To define Dial Match Rule: Voice Config>ADD DIAL-MATCHING-RULE Define Dial Digit Matching Rule #1 Dial Mask 1 : Digit String (0-9,A-D,*,#), [W]ildcard, [N]umeric Wildcard, [M]ultiDigit Wildcard. [MultiDigit Wildcard]? 1 Dial Mask 2 : Digit String (0-9,A-D,*,#), [W]ildcard, [N]umeric Wildcard, [M]ultiDigit Wildcard, or [E]nd. [End]? 3 Dial Mask 3 : Digit String (0-9,A-D,*,#), [W]ildcard, [N]umeric Wildcard, [M]ultiDigit Wildcard, or [E]nd.
6.
4.2.4 IBM 9783, 2212 at Headquarters and 2212 at Branch Offices The following sample scenario will be helpful in understanding the IBM 2212 Access Utility and IBM 9783 configuration. Figure 48 is a scenario where a headquarters network and all the other branch offices are connected using a frame relay public network. Figure 49 shows the lab configuration where headquarters routers and the branch office network are connected back to back using a combination of DTE-DCE cables.
9783 Tokyo Head Quarters DLCI 17, 19 Location Number 20 IP address 0.0.0.20 n0 2212 Tokyo n3 Location Number50 IP address 0.0.0.50 n2 DLCI 16 DLCI 16 n0 2212 Chiba 2212 Yokohama n0 Location Number40 IP address 0.0.0.40 401 401 Branch 2 Branch 1 Figure 49. IBM 2212 and IBM 9783 Lab Setup Network Using Back-to-Back Cables 4.2.4.1 Hardware Used in This Sample Network • Three 2212s with AIS V3.
4.2.4.3 Rule Tables Used for 2212 Yokohama This is the Dial Match Rule and Network Output Rule used in IBM 2212 Yokohama. Table 40. 2212 Dial Match and Network Output Table Rule Dial Match Rule Network Output Rule 0 NONE NONE 1 NNNNN D1,D2,D3,D4,D5 2 3 4 Table 41. 2212 Subchannel, Dial Match and Network Output Table for Yokohama Rule DLCI and Subchannel for Processing DLCI and Subchannel for Payload Dial Match Rule Network Output Rule 1 16,4 16,5 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 4.2.4.
Rule DLCI and Subchannel for Processing DLCI and Subchannel for Payload Dial Match Rule Network Output Rule 3 4 5 6 7 8 4.2.4.5 Configuration Steps for 2212 and 9783 This section describes the steps to configure the 2212 and 9783 for the scenario described above. 2212 Yokohama Router Configuration Step 1: Shows the basic and frame relay configuration of the router.
2212-YOKOHAMA *TALK 6 Gateway user configuration 2212-YOKOHAMA Config>ADD DEVICE VOICE-FXS 1995 more interfaces may be configured. Device Slot #(1-5) [1]? Adding 2 Voice FXS devices in slot 1 as interfaces 5 - 6. Use "net 5" - "net 6" to configure Voice FXS parameters. 2212-YOKOHAMA Config>NETWORK 5 2212-YOKOHAMA Voice 5 Config>SET LOCAL-NUMBER 401 Number of leading digits used for local call routing (1 to 3) [3]? 2212-YOKOHAMA Voice 5 Config>SET VAD MODE OFF 2212-YOKOHAMA Voice 5 Config>SET NODE-ID 0.0.0.
2212-YOKOHAMA Config>FEATURE VOICE 2212-YOKOHAMA Voice Config>SET FR-NET 0 2212-YOKOHAMA Voice Config>ADD DIAL-MATCHING-RULE Define Dial Digit Matching Rule #1 Dial Mask 1 : Digit String (0-9,A-D,*,#), [W]ildcard, [N]umeric Wildcard, [M]ultiDigit Wildcard. [MultiDigit Wildcard]? n Dial Mask 2 : Digit String (0-9,A-D,*,#), [W]ildcard, [N]umeric Wildcard, [M]ultiDigit Wildcard, or [E]nd. [End]? n Dial Mask 3 : Digit String (0-9,A-D,*,#), [W]ildcard, [N]umeric Wildcard, [M]ultiDigit Wildcard, or [E]nd.
Config (only)>SET HOSTNAME 2212-TOKYO Host name updated successfully Config (only)>SET DATA-LINK FRAME-RELAY 2 Config (only)>SET DATA-LINK FRAME-RELAY 3 Config (only)>NETWORK 2 Frame Relay user configuration 2212-TOKYO FR 2 Config>SET CABLE V35 DCE 2212-TOKYO FR 2 Config>SET CLOCKING INTERNAL Must also set the line speed to a valid value Line speed (2400 to 2048000) [0]? 64000 2212-TOKYO FR 2 Config>ENABLE FRAGMENTATION end Fragment size (50 to 8190) [256]? Fragmented packet reassemby timer (3 to 10 seconds
2212-TOKYO Config>NETWORK 2 Frame Relay user configuration 2212-TOKYO FR 2 Config>CHANGE PERMANENT-VIRTUAL-CIRCUIT Circuit number [16]? Committed Information Rate (CIR) in bps [64000]? Committed Burst Size (Bc) in bits [64000]? Excess Burst Size (Be) in bits [0]? Assign circuit name [To-Yokohama]? Is circuit required for interface operation [N]? Do you want end-to-end fragmentation performed on this circuit [Y]? Fragment size (50 to 8190) [256]? Fragmented packet reassemby timer (3 to 10 seconds) [3]? Enabl
2212-TOKYO Config>SET DATA-LINK FRAME-RELAY 0 2212-TOKYO Config>NETWORK 0 Frame Relay user configuration 2212-TOKYO FR 0 Config>SET CABLE V35 DTE 2212-TOKYO FR 0 Config>Enable LMI 2212-TOKYO FR 0 Config>SET LMI-TYPE REV1 2212-TOKYO FR 0 Config>ENABLE FRAGMENTATION end Fragment size (50 to 8190) [256]? Fragmented packet reassemby timer (3 to 10 seconds) [3]? 2212-TOKYO FR 0 Config>ADD PERMANENT-VIRTUAL-CIRCUIT Circuit number [16]?19 Committed Information Rate (CIR) in bps [64000]? Committed Burst Size (Bc) i
• {+} means any digit, any amount. • {sX} means tagged field in Source Match Rule. • {dX} means tagged field in Destination Match Rule. Table 44. Match Rule/Route Rule/Output Rule Table for 9783 Tokyo Index Match Rule Route Rule Output Rule 0 NONE All Voice adapters NONE 1 {+} 1 {S1} 2 {40}{$$$} 2 {D1} 3 {50}{$$$} {D2} • $ means single decimal digit. • IBM 9783 $ is analogous to IBM 2212 n wildcard. • {40}{$$$} means location number 40 and 3-digit extension numbers to Yokohama.
Step 2: Enable FRF.11 for the entire box. It needs a reboot, which will take 5 minutes. Local> unit frame frf.11 Unit will be reset...OK to proceed [Y/N]? y Local> Local:FRAME-FMT> OK Local> Step 3: Define node ID. It needs a reboot,which will take 5 minutes. Local> u ad 0.0.0.20 Unit will be taken offline...OK to proceed [Y/N]? Local> Step 4: Define a name for the 9783 (optional) and change the console speed to 9600bps ( recommended for 9783). Communication will be disrupted.
Step 10: Define the LMI mode network or user. Local> frame a2 lmi mode network Local:FR-CFG-LMIMODE> A2: OK. Step 11: Enable the data port A2. Local> da a2 on Local:DATA-ONLINE> A2: OK Detailed Frame Relay Configuration (DLCI and Subchannel) for 9783 Step 1: Create DLCI 17 with Bundled option. Local> frame a2 dlci 17 create bundled Local:FR-CREATE-PVC> A2: OK Step 2: Define CIR value = 64 kbps. Local> frame a2 d 17 cir 64000 Local:FR-CFG-CIR> A2: OK Step 3: Create Sub-DLCIs 4 and 5 for DLCI 17.
groups. For simplicity you may want to make the route table entry number the same as the circuit group number. Step 1: Define Call Match Rule. Local> call match 2 {40}{$$$} Local:MATCH-RULE> OK Local> call match 3 {50}{$$$} Local:MATCH-RULE> OK Step 2: Define Call Route Rule. Local> call route 1 1 Local:ROUTE-RULE> OK Local> call route 2 2 Local:ROUTE-RULE> OK Step 3: Define Call Output Rule.
Step 3: Define inbound table number 0 for circuit group 1 Local> cir 1 inbound 0 Local:CIR-GRP-RULE> OK Step 4: Connect circuit 1 to remote Yokohama 2212 node ID 0.0.0.40. Local> cir 1 connect 0.0.0.40 Local:CIR-GRP-NODE> OK Step 5: Define sub-DLCI 4 as process sub-DLCI. .Local> cir 1 add proc a2:17:4 Local:CIRCUIT-ADD-CIR> OK Step 6: Define Sub-DLCI 5 as payload (voice) sub-DLCI. Local> cir 1 add 5 a2:17:5 Local:CIRCUIT-ADD-CIR> OK Step 7: Create the Circuit Group 2 between 9783 Tokyo and 2212 Chiba.
Tokyo Osaka Location Number 10 9783 Tokyo 9783 Osaka Location Number 20 DLCI 16, 17 n0 n0 2212 Osaka 2212 Tokyo n1 n1 n2 Frame Relay Network Kobe West Japan Branch Yokohama East Japan Branch Figure 50. Sample Scenario of 2212s with 9783s Location Number 10 9783 Osaka 9783 Tokyo DLCI 16, 17 DLCI 16, 17 n0 2212 Osaka n0 n1 Location Number 20 2212 Tokyo n1 DLCI 16 n2 Location Number 30 n2 DLCI 16 2212 Kobe DLCI 16 Location Number 40 2212 Yokohama 301 401 * * 0 0 Figure 51.
• A phone call from Kobe ext 301 to Kobe using 40-301 Location Number 10 9783 Osaka Location Number 20 9783 Tokyo DLCI 16, 17 DLCI 16, 17 n0 2212 Osaka n0 n1 2212 Tokyo n1 DLCI 16 n2 Location Number 30 n2 DLCI 16 Location Number 40 DLCI 16 2212 Kobe 2212 Yokohama 301 401 * * 0 0 Figure 52. Sample Scenario 2212s with 9783s 4.2.5.1 The Hardware Used in This Sample Configuration • Four 2212s with AIS V3.
Rule DLCI and subchannel for processing DLCI and subchannel for payload Dial Match Rule Network Output Rule 3 4 5 6 7 8 4.2.5.3 2212 Yokohama This is the sample design of 2212 Yokohama. Table 49. 2212 Dial Match and Network Output Table Rule Dial Match Rule Network Output Rule 0 NONE NONE 1 40N D1,D2,D3, 2 NNNNN D1,D2,D3,D4,D5 3 4 Table 50.
4.2.5.4 2212 Kobe This is the sample design of 2212 Kobe: Table 51. 2212 Dial Match and Network Output Table Rule Dial Match Rule Network Output Rule 0 NONE NONE 1 30N D1,D2,D3 2 NNNNN D1,D2,D3,D4,D5 3 4 Table 52. 2212 Subchannel and Dial Match and Network Output Table Rule DLCI and Subchannel for Processing DLCI and Subchannel for Payload Dial Match Rule Network Output Rule 1 Destination Type: Local Destination Type: Local 1 1 2 16,4 16,5 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 4.2.5.
4.2.5.6 2212 Yokohama 1.
3. TDefine The Dial Match Rule: 2212-YOKOHAMA Config>FEATURE VOICE 2212-YOKOHAMA Voice Config>SET FR-NET 0 2212-YOKOHAMA Voice Config>ADD DIAL-MATCHING-RULE Define Dial Digit Matching Rule #1 Dial Mask 1 : Digit String (0-9,A-D,*,#), [W]ildcard, [N]umeric Wildcard, [M]ultiDigit Wildcard. [MultiDigit Wildcard]? 4 1 Dial Mask 2 : Digit String (0-9,A-D,*,#), [W]ildcard, [N]umeric Wildcard, [M]ultiDigit Wildcard, or [E]nd.
4.
4.2.5.7 2212 Tokyo 1.
2.
3.
We usually do not use Match Src and Out Src columns to determine how to route a call; however, you can if you so choose. Table 53. Match Rule/Route Rule/Output Rule Table Index Match Rule Route Rule Output Rule 0 NONE All 9783 voice ports NONE 1 {+} {S1} 2 {D1} 3 4 5 6 7 Table 54. Transaction Rule Table:0 Case Match Src Match Dest Route Output Src Output Dest 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 • IBM 9783 calls are routed based on a match of the source address and dialed digits.
Match Destination Outbound Destination Digit Sent {9}{3808}{7869} {d1}{d3} 97869 93808{7869} 9{d1} 97869 {9}3808{7869} {d1}{d2} 97869 • {+} means any digit, any amount. • {sX} means tagged field in source match rule. • {dX} means tagged field in destination match rule. This is the sample procedure for 9783 Tokyo: Table 56.
Case Match Src Match Dest Route Output Src Output Dest 9 • The first row means that when Match dest rule 5 is {40}{$$$}, then Yokohama is matched, calls are routed using Route rule 2 as circuit group number 2 (to Yokohama) using Output rule 3 {d2} as the extension number. • The second row means that when Match dest rule 4 is {30}{$$$} Kobe is matched, calls are routed using Route rule 1 as circuit group number 1(to Osaka) using Output rule 4{d1}{d2} as the location number and the extension number.
Tokyo) using Output rule 4 {d1}{d2} as the location number and the extension number. 4.2.5.9 9783 Configuration and Operation This is a sample 9783 command sequence from scratch. 4.2.5.10 Basic Definition 1. Initialize default config. It needs to reboot, which takes 5 minutes.I Local> U init All configuration parameters will be reset to factory defaults A unit reset will follow..OK to proceed [Y/N]? y Local> 2. Enable FRF.11 for the entire box. It needs to reboot, which takes 5 minutes.
8. All rates from 75 to 2048000 can be entered. 2048000 is recommended. 9. Define cable type. Local> data a2 interface V.35 Local:DATA_INTERFACE> A2: OK 10.Define LMI type. .Local> frame a2 lmi type rev Local:FR-CFG-LMITYPE> A2: OK 11.Define the LMI mode as network or user. Local> frame a2 lmi mode network Local:FR-CFG-LMIMODE> A2: OK. 12.Enable the port. Local> da a2 on Local:DATA-ONLINE> A2: OK 4.2.5.11 Detailed Frame Relay Definition (DLCI and Subchannel) 1. Make DLCI 16 with Bundled option.
5. Define CIR as 64kbps Local> frame a2 d 17 cir 64000 Local:FR-CFG-CIR> A2: OK 6. Define DLCI17 subchannels 4 to 7. Local> frame a2 d 17 sub Local:FR-CREATE-SUBCHAN> A2: OK Local> frame a2 d 17 sub Local:FR-CREATE-SUBCHAN> A2: OK Local> frame a2 d 17 sub Local:FR-CREATE-SUBCHAN> A2: OK Local> frame a2 d 17 sub Local:FR-CREATE-SUBCHAN> A2: OK 4 c 5 c 6 c 7 c 4.2.5.12 9783 Route Table Configure call match rules for each telephone number in the network.
4. Call Translation Rule Table. Local> call trans 0 0 mod 1 5 2 1 3 Local:TRANS-RULE> OK Local> call trans 0 1 mod 1 4 1 1 4 Local:TRANS-RULE> OK Table 60. Meaning of Call Trans 0 0 Mod 1 5 2 1 3 Value Meaning 0 Translation table number (usually 0) 0 Translation table case number 1 Source addr match rule table entry 5 Destination addr match rule table entry 2 Route table entry 1 Source addr match table entry 3 Destination addr output rule entry Circuit Group 1.
there are too many voice calls and voice traffic is greater than the number of calls designed, all voice calls will be of poor quality. 7. Create the Circuit Group 2 Between 9783 Tokyo and 2212 Yokohama Local> cir 2 create Local:CIR-GRP-CREATE> OK 8. Define max speed. Local> cir 2 max 64000 Local:CIR-GRP-CIR> OK 9. Define inbound table number 0 for circuit group 2. Local> cir 2 max 64000 Local:CIR-GRP-CIR> OK 10.Define inbound table number 0 for circuit group 2.
Tokyo O saka Location Num ber 10 Location Num ber 20 9783 Tokyo 9783 O saka DLCI 16, 17,18 n0 n0 2212 O saka 2212 Tokyo 401 n1 n1 n2 n2 Fram e R elay Network Location Number 40 Location Number 30 n0 n0 301 Kobe 402 401 W est Japan Bra nch E ast Jap an Branch Yoko ham a Figure 53.
Figure 54 shows the network diagram used in the lab to set up a back-to-back connection. If branch office Kobe dials Branch office Yokohama using a 401 number and keeps this 401 number busy, and if Tokyo dials the same 401 number to Yokohama, then the call is passed on to the next number which is 402. This is similar to the hunt group facility. This call switching is done by the IBM 9783. 4.2.6.
Rule DLCI and Subchannel for Payload DLCI and Subchannel for Processing Dial Match Rule Network Output Rule 8 4.2.6.3 Configuration Steps for 2212 and 9783 This section shows you how to configure the 2212s and 9783s discussed in the above scenario. 2212 Yokohama Router Configuration Step 1: The basic and frame relay configuration of the router.
Step 2: The Voice adapter and voice port configuration. 2212-YOKOHAMA *TALK 6 Gateway user configuration 2212-YOKOHAMA Config>ADD DEVICE VOICE-FXS 1995 more interfaces may be configured. Device Slot #(1-5) [1]? Adding 2 Voice FXS devices in slot 1 as interfaces 5 - 6. Use "net 5" - "net 6" to configure Voice FXS parameters.
Step 4: The Network Output Rule.
Step 5: The Call Processing Rule for voice ports 5 and 6.
4.2.6.4 Rule Tables Used for 2212 Tokyo This is the Dial Match Rule and Network Output Rule used in IBM 2212 Tokyo. Table 64. 2212 Dial Match and Network Output Table Rule Dial Match Rule Network Output Rule 0 NONE NONE 1 NNNNN D1,D2,D3,D4,D5 2 3 4 Table 65.
Tokyo 2212 Configuration Step 1: This router is configured for voice traffic forwarding and also one voice port is configured for dialing any branch office or receiving calls from other branches. The screen below shows the basic and frame relay port configurations.
2212-TOKYO Config>NETWORK 1 Frame Relay user configuration 2212-TOKYO FR 1 Config>CHANGE PERMANENT-VIRTUAL-CIRCUIT Circuit number [16]? Committed Information Rate (CIR) in bps [64000]? Committed Burst Size (Bc) in bits [64000]? Excess Burst Size (Be) in bits [0]? Assign circuit name [To-Osaka]? Is circuit required for interface operation [N]? Do you want end-to-end fragmentation performed on this circuit [Y]? Fragment size (50 to 8190) [256]? Fragmented packet reassemby timer (3 to 10 seconds) [3]? Enable c
2212-TOKYO Config>SET DATA-LINK FRAME-RELAY 0 2212-TOKYO Config>NETWORK 0 Frame Relay user configuration 2212-TOKYO FR 0 Config>SET CABLE V35 DTE 2212-TOKYO FR 0 Config>Enable LMI 2212-TOKYO FR 0 Config>SET LMI-TYPE REV1 2212-TOKYO FR 0 Config>ENABLE FRAGMENTATION end Fragment size (50 to 8190) [256]? Fragmented packet reassemby timer (3 to 10 seconds) [3]? 2212-TOKYO FR 0 Config>ADD PERMANENT-VIRTUAL-CIRCUIT Circuit number [16]?16 Committed Information Rate (CIR) in bps [64000]? Committed Burst Size (Bc) i
Step 4: The voice adapter and voice port configuration. 2212-YOKOHAMA *TALK 6 Gateway user configuration 2212-YOKOHAMA Config>ADD DEVICE VOICE-FXS 1995 more interfaces may be configured. Device Slot #(1-5) [1]? Adding 2 Voice FXS devices in slot 1 as interfaces 5 - 6. Use "net 5" - "net 6" to configure Voice FXS parameters.
Step 7: The Call Processing Rule for voice port 5. 2212-YOKOHAMA Voice Config>ADD CALL-PROCESSING-RULE 5 Define Call Processing Rule #1 Destination Type (Local or Remote) [Remote]? Call Processing DLCI (16 to 1007) [18]? Payload DLCI (16 to 1007) [18]? Call Processing Subchannel (4 to 254) [4]? Payload Subchannel (4 to 254) [4]? 5 Dial Digit Matching Rule Number (0 to 1) [0]? 1 Network Output Rule Number (0 to 1) [0]? 1 4.2.6.
Table 67. Transaction Rule Table: 0 for 9783 Tokyo Case Match Src Match Dest Route Output Src Output Dest 0 1 5 2 1 3 1 1 4 1 1 4 2 1 3 3 1 4 3 4 5 6 7 8 The first row means that when Match dest rule 5 is {40}{$$$} Yokohama is matched, calls are routed using Route rule 2, that is, circuit group number 2 using Output rule 3 {d2} as the 3 digit extension number.
Case Match Src Match Dest Route Output Src Output Dest 2 1 3 1 1 4 3 4 5 6 7 8 • The first row means that when Match dest rule 4 is {30}{$$$} Kobe is matched,calls are routed using Route rule 2 that is circuit group number 2 (to Kobe) using Output rule 3 {d2} as the extension number • The second row means that when Match dest rule 4 is {40}{$$$} Yokohama is matched,calls are routed using Route rule 1 that is circuit group number 1 (to Tokyo) using Output rule 4 {d1}{d2} as the location number a
Local> co l 9783#B Local:SYS-PROMPT> OK Local:TOKYO> con rate 9600 Console communication will be disrupted...OK to proceed [Y/N]? y Local :9783#B> Step 5: Define port A2 as a frame relay port. A2 is in the B slot second port of the 9783. Local> data a2 mode frame Local> Local:DATA-MODE> A2: OK. Step 6: Define the clock mode as internal or external. Local> data a2 clock int Local:DATA-CLOCKMODE> A2: OK. Step 7: Define the speed of port A2. All rates from 75 to 2048000 can be entered.
Step 2: Define CIR value = 64 kbps. Local> frame a2 d 16 cir 64000 Local:FR-CFG-CIR> A2: OK Step 3: Create sub-DLCIs 4, 5, 6, 7 for DLCI 16. Sub DLCIs should always start from 4. Local> frame a2 d 16 sub A2: OK Local> frame a2 d 16 sub Local:FR-CREATE-SUBCHAN> A2: OK Local> frame a2 d 16 sub Local:FR-CREATE-SUBCHAN> A2: OK Local> frame a2 d 16 sub Local:FR-CREATE-SUBCHAN> A2: OK 4 create 5 create 6 create 7 create Step 4: Create DLCI 17 with Bundled option.
Step 9: Create sub-DLCIs 4 and 5 for DLCI 18. Sub-DLCIs should always start from 4. Local> frame a2 d 18 sub 4 c Local:FR-CREATE-SUBCHAN> A2: OK Local> frame a2 d 18 sub 5 c Local:FR-CREATE-SUBCHAN> A2: OK IBM 9783 Rules Configuration Steps Configure call match rules for each telephone number in the network. Create route table entries for your local voice ports as well as for each of the circuit groups. For simplicity you may want to make the route table entry number the same as the circuit group number.
Step 4: Define Call Translation Rule. Local> call trans 0 0 mod 1 5 2 1 3 Local:TRANS-RULE> OK Local> call trans 0 1 mod 1 4 1 1 4 Local:TRANS-RULE> OK Local> call trans 0 2 mod 1 3 3 1 4 Local:TRANS-RULE> OK Table 70.
Local> cir 1 add 5 a2:16:5 Local:CIRCUIT-ADD-CIR> OK Local> cir 1 add 6 a2:16:6 Local:CIRCUIT-ADD-CIR> OK Local> cir 1 add 7 a2:16:7 Local:CIRCUIT-ADD-CIR> OK Step 7: Create Circuit Group 2 between 9783 Tokyo and 2212 Yokohama. Local> cir 2 create Local:CIR-GRP-CREATE> OK Step 8: Define max speed. Local> cir 2 max 64000 Local:CIR-GRP-CIR> OK Step 9: Define inbound table number 0 for circuit group 2.
Step 17: Define subchannel number 4 as process subchannel. Local> cir 3 add proc a2:18:4 Local:CIRCUIT-ADD-CIR> OK Step 18:Define subchannel number 5 as payload(voice) subchannel. Local> cir 3 add 5 a2:18:5 Local:CIRCUIT-ADD-CIR> OK Step 19: Create Circuit Group 41 between 9783 Tokyo and 2212 Yokohama for 402 number. Local> cir 41 create Local:CIR-GRP-CREATE> OK Step 20: Define max speed. Local> cir 41 max 64000 Local:CIR-GRP-CIR> OK Step 21: Define inbound table number 0 for circuit group 41.
Chapter 5. Performance Tuning, and Monitoring This chapter deals with the performance tuning and monitoring of the 2212 IBM Access Utility and IBM 9783 for voice over frame relay networks. 5.1 Tuning IBM 221X Routers for a Voice over Frame Relay Network Through the use of statistical multiplexing, frame relay networks provide an excellent transport medium for data but represent somewhat of a challenge for voice.
means that any given component in the network must minimize its portion of the delay and yet maximize its efficiency. When multiplexing voice and data over the same PVC, the FR burst size and burst interval are important in reducing the amount of delay incurred by voice packets. The burst interval, or Tc, is calculated by Bc/CIR (committed burst size divided by CIR). This specifies the duration of the burst. The burst size is the number of bits the router is configured to send during Tc.
Vocoder Rate 1 Packet 2 Packets 3 Packets 4 Packets 5 Packets 4800 bps 8533 bps 6666 bps 6044 bps 5733 bps 5547 bps 7470 bps 11203 bps 9336 bps 8714 bps 8403 bps 8217 bps 9600 bps 13333 bps 11466 bps 10844 bps 10533 bps 10437 bps 16000 bps 19733 bps 17866 bps 17244 bps 16933 bps 16747 bps As an example, assume a vocoder and rate of E-CELP at 9.6 kbps. The 9.6 kbps represents the amount of data, minus headers, that will be used for the call assuming no silence suppression.
The considerations for tuning the 2216 (in the diagram shown earlier) are the same as for the 2212 since it is performing voice forwarding between the voice adapters in the 2212s and the 9783. It has been found in testing, that a 60-ms delay in the voice at the FR interface was tolerable. This means that the PVC’s burst interval, Tc, should be set to 60 ms. Tc is not directly configurable. It is indirectly configurable via the burst interval (Bc) since Bc = Tc x CIR.
this is by using the talk 5, error and interface commands. If input discards on the voice adapters or missed frames on either the voice or FR interfaces are detected, the number of receive buffers should be increased. Input and output discards on the FR interfaces may be normal and acceptable if any of the FR circuits are being overloaded with data, for example, attempting a large file transfer while having four voice calls active. 5.1.
Next to consider are the traffic classes that will be used to give bandwidth preference to the voice traffic over data. Traffic class definitions need only be defined if both voice and data will be multiplexed over the same PVC since traffic classes do not interfere or interrupt each other across circuits. Voice should normally be given priority over any other traffic type for a PVC. This can be defined in two different ways: 1.
5.2.1 Efficiency versus Delay The frame packing feature enables you to determine the trade-off between efficiency (overhead) and delay. In general, each additional voice packet being sent adds an additional 15 milliseconds to the end-to-end delay on the voice circuit. Although this should not have a large impact on perceived voice quality, it can create a large improvement on the efficiency of the trunk.
The Tx gains at both the local and remote units are usually left at the -4 dB (factory default) setting to ensure that the amplifiers will not be overdriven because too high an input signal is received from the associated telephony equipment. When adjusting these gains, issue a SHOW CONFIG VOICE_ PORTS command to display the current setting of the transmit and receive attenuations; use these settings as starting points.
Remedy: The IBM 9783 unit cannot balance the individual circuits in the PBX. In this case the PBX may offer adjustments that equalize station gain with trunk gain. If none of the above methods succeeds, then perform these steps: 1. Perform an echo return loss measurement on the PBX (refer to 5.2.4.1, “Echo Return Loss” on page 165). 2. Have your telephone company measure the dB level of your outside lines to check if they are within specification. (Your telephone company can tell you the specifications.
The calling station must be able to terminate the call without injecting any noise over the line. Disconnecting the handset may be the easiest way to terminate the call, but a silent termination from a transmission test device may provide a more accurate reading. Instead of using the telephone instrument, a terminating plug can be used; this plug can be made with a 600W resistor in series with a 2.14mF capacitor.
+ CONFIGURATION .... display of protocols, etc. removed to save space ... 9 Total Networks: Net Interface MAC/Data-Link Hardware State .... other interfaces removed to save space ...
The current status of the echo canceller and fax is shown. The status of the echo canceller is either filter (on) or diverge (off). The status for fax is either idle or active. The fax type indicates the type of modulation being used and the last FCF field indicates the last demodulated facsimile control field. The last received dial sequence displays the last dial digit sequence received from the subscriber from the voice (telco) interface.
• Digit Detected: the number of dial digits received from the subscriber. • Digit Generated: the number of digits sent out of the voice port toward the subscriber. The message counter shows the number of call processing messages sent over the FR interface or received from the FR destined for this port. Setup, Connect, and Answer messages flow between the two end nodes when a call is established.
00:00:33 VOIC.001: Call Setup recv nt 0 int FR/0, trans nt 4 int Voice/0 DLCI 16 sub 8 cir 9 NID 2.0.0.2 Dest 101 00:00:33 VOIC.001: Call Connect recv nt 4 int Voice/0, trans nt 0 int FR/0 DLCI 16 sub 8 cir 9 NID 1.0.0.1 00:00:35 VOIC.001: Call Answer recv nt 4 int Voice/0, trans nt 0 int FR/0 DLCI 16 sub 8 cir 9 NID 1.0.0.1 00:00:38 VOIC.001: Call Release recv nt 0 int FR/0, trans nt 4 int Voice/0 DLCI 16 sub 8 cir 9 NID 2.0.0.2 Cause 0 00:00:38 VOIC.
0x05 Circuit Inactive 0x06 Compatibility Mismatch 0x07 Inbound Translation Failed 0x08 Outbound Translation Failed 0x09 Remote Channel Busy 0x0A Remote Channel Not Responding 0x0B Outbound Time-Out 0x0C Inbound Time-Out 0x0D Idle 0x0E Pass-Through Failed 0x0F Max Hops Exceeded 00:00:16 VOIC.001: Call Setup recv nt 4 int Voice/0, trans nt 5 int Voice/1 DLCI 0 sub 0 cir 0 NID 1.0.0.1 Dest 102 00:00:16 VOIC.
Figure 62 shows the warning message that can occur when the router is booting. This message was warning that no call processing rules existed for network 6. This will cause the interface to show as disabled when viewed from talk 5. 2212-yokohama +NETWORK 4 2212-yokohama Voice 0 Console>TRACE CALL 2212-yokohama Voice 0 Console>EXIT Figure 63.
00:02:52 00:02:52 00:02:52 00:02:52 00:02:52 00:02:52 00:02:52 00:02:52 00:02:52 00:02:52 00:02:52 00:02:52 00:02:52 00:02:52 00:02:52 00:02:52 00:02:52 00:02:52 00:02:52 00:02:52 00:02:52 00:02:52 00:02:57 00:02:57 00:02:57 00:02:57 00:02:57 DOLOG: DOLOG: VoiceRx: Net=5 Dlci=0 Chid=0 Size=53 Type=CALL DOLOG: 35 00 00 01 80 0D 10 00 01 00 00 01 00 48 01 00 DOLOG: 00 01 00 73 61 00 0F 0B 00 22 07 00 00 03 10 1F DOLOG: FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF 03 10 2F FF FF FF FF FF DOLOG: FF FF FF 00 00 0A 00 EF 00 00 00 00
5.4 Monitoring IBM 9783 This section deals with the monitoring of IBM 9783. 5.4.1 Tracing a Call Use the procedures in this section to trace a call through the route to its destination. 1. Observe the accumulated statistic of the voice port under test: SHOW PERFORMANCE CALL_PROCESSING VOICE < upa> 2. Originate a call from the voice port under test. 5.4.1.1 Voice Port Statistics 1. Observe the change in statistic of the voice port under test: SHOW PERFORMANCE CALL_PROCESSING VOICE < upa> 2.
be completed), the number of calls attempted, and the number of calls completed. The following list describes the information provided by this command. Note: The messages are relative to the HSP. For example, the message, SETUP RECEIVED FROM VFAX means that the HSP received a setup message from a voice port; the message, SETUP SENT TO NETWORK means that the HSP sent a setup message into the frame relay network.
CAUSE OF LAST RELEASE SENT TO NET Displays the cause of the last release message that was sent to the network. ALTERNATE ROUTE TO VFAX The number of calls rerouted to another Vfax port after failing to set up a call on this voice port. ALTERNATE ROUTE TO NETWORK The number of calls rerouted to network after failing to set up a call on this voice port. SRC DIGITS Digits after outbound address translation. Src digits is blank if outbound translation fails.
Message Description SETUP RECEIVED FROM NET The number of setup messages received from the network. This indicates an inbound call attempt. SETUP SENT TO VFAX The number of setup messages forwarded to a voice port. This indicates that the inbound address translation mapped the call to a local voice port. SETUP SENT TO NET The number of setup messages sent to the network. This indicates that the inbound address translation mapped the call to a pass through circuit descriptor.
The following screen shows the lost Rx packets, lost Tx packets, large packets received, and Tx/Rx Queue overflows of the voice port v1 in IBM 9783: Local:tokyo> sh perf voic v1 Local:tokyo> Local:Voice Lost Packet Lost Rx Packets Lost Tx Packets Large Packets Received Rx Queue Overflows Tx Queue Overflows Performance Statistics:> : 3222 : 20 : 0 : 0 : 0 The following screen gives circuit performance statistics: Local:tokyo> sh per call cir 1 5 Local:tokyo> Local:Circuit Performance Statistics:> Setup Rc
Local:tokyo> show con cir all Local:CIRCUIT GROUP CONFIGURATION:> CIRCUIT CONNECT MAXIMUM TRANS GROUP# TO NODE CIR/BANDWIDTH RULE INDEX -----------------------------------------------------1 0.0.0.10 64000 0 0 2 0.0.0.40 64000 0 0 The following screens display the status of the frame relay port, DLCI and voice ports using the SHOW STATUS command in IBM 9783.
Local:tokyo> show st dlci all Local:PVC Configuration:> PORT DLCI UPA DLCI ONLINE STATUS ----------------------A2 16 Yes Active A2 17 Yes Active The following screen shows the voice port status such as voice port number, mode, voice rate, Rx queue and Tx overflows: Local:tokyo> show st v all Local:tokyo> Local:Voice Port Status:> Voice Port ----V1 V2 180 Mode ----Offline Offline IBM Voice Over Frame Relay Perform Guide Hook States Rx Tx --Off Off Off On Rate ---9.60 9.
Appendix A. Sample Statement of Work This Appendix provides a sample Statement of Work (SOW) that you can modify to suit to your specific customer situation or geographic requirement. This SOW includes tasks expected to be performed by the IBM networking specialists as well as tasks that may be performed by the customer. A.1 Overview Today’s networks need to support both voice and data applications.
• Network Design - Providing a comprehensive design to integrate voice capabilities while protecting the investment in frame relay and applications. Based upon requirements, IBM networking specialists will incorporate a wide level of available technologies into the design. • Network Migration Planning - providing a detailed plan of action for the migration of your existing network to a VoFR intranet infrastructure.
• Mutual responsibilitie.s • Identification of business and related network objectives. • Analysis of your network using structured interviews with your personnel and other data collection tools. • Collection of pertinent information related to your current network design and network business requirements.
• Identification of business and related objectives • Collection of pertinent information related to your current network for input into the network planning • Explanation of the current network recovery procedures • Expected Migration Schedule • Develop a network plan document that addresses the following topics: • The current network design and implementation • Documentation of the business objectives and requirements for the network • Delineation of an overall network migration strategy • Detailed descri
You are responsible for providing IBM networking specialists with the information indicated in A.3, “Key Assumptions” on page 182. You are responsible for reviewing and evaluating IBM’s recommendations. You are also responsible for selecting and implementing the tactical and strategic recommendations as appropriate to your business objectives. IBM will provide implementation services as a follow-on to this project if requested and contracted by you.
186 IBM Voice Over Frame Relay Perform Guide
Appendix B. Pre-installation Site Review This Appendix provides a worksheet and a list of important questions for site preparation and review.
B.
Appendix C. Basic Telephony Terminology This Appendix contains detailed information on commonly used telephony systems both in the public network and in traditional enterprise voice networks. C.1 Central Office Switch The phone company or PTT central office (CO) is where the local switch is housed. All the lines to homes and businesses within a geographic area terminate at their local central office. This is referred to as the local exchange.
PBXs can handle as many as 20,000 telephones. Indeed, a PBX of this size bears a close resemblance to a modern central office switch used by the phone companies and PTTs in the public switched network. The traffic handling capacity of a switch is measured in terms of Busy Hour Call Completions (BHCCs) and Busy Hour Call Attempts (BHCAs). The BHCA is approximately three times the value of BHCC, with a range of 20,000 to 30,000. An additional rating classifies the switch as blocking or non-blocking.
• Foreign Exchange Office (FXO) • Ear and Mouth (E&M) The use of each depends upon the type of equipment and the signaling scheme adopted. The following sections provide an overview of each type. C.5 Foreign Exchange Subscriber (FXS) The FXS interface is used on the switch (both PBX and central office switch) for connecting a telephone instrument directly to the switch. This two-wire interface is implemented by circuitry on a line card in the switch.
Regarding the speech path, there is 2-wire and 4-wire E&M. 2-Wire E&M uses a single pair of wires for the speech path. 4-wire E&M improves the speech quality by using an additional pair of wires, one pair in each direction of speech. Separating the two directions of speech onto individual wire pairs facilitates amplification or regeneration, which is usually required for longer circuits. It also eliminates the need for hybrid circuits, which are the principle source of echo.
Appendix D. Specifications of IBM 9783 The section will provide you with a basic understanding of the specifications related to voice, trunking and frame relay of IBM 9783. D.1 Analog Voice Ports Electrical Interface : All telco interfaces are provided by two, 50-pin RJ2 HX connectors (IBM 9783 support up to eight channels). The 9783 supports E&M tie trunk interfaces of types 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. The 9783 supports both normal and reverse connections for each type.
D.2 Digital Voice Ports T-1 Port For the DSUB card: Line Code: AMI, B8ZS Framing Format: D4, ANSI T-1 .403 ESF, AT&T Pub 54016 Pulse Characteristics: AT&T Pub 62411 compliant Output Amplitude: 2.4 to 3.3 volts peak to base Receiver Sensitivity, Long Haul: 0 to -26 dBm Receiver Sensitivity, Short Haul: 0 to -13.6 dBm Line Buildout, Long Haul: 0 dB, -7.
Frame Relay Standard Rates: 9.6 kbps to 2.016 Mbps. (RS-232 rates in excess of 38.4 kbps are not recommended because of limitations in the physical signal slew rates.) Table 71.
Power Consumption (Max. watts) : Base unit: 78* AVFAX card (40 MIPs): 10 DVFAX card: 13 HSP card: 9 DSUB card: 5 Ringer card: 8 * Base unit = Core card: 14 watts + power supply (load of option cards @ 118 watts): 14 + (.54 x 118) = 78 watts Fuse Requirements : AC Power Supply 245–055 Domestic Unit : 8 amp 3AG, fast-acting, .25 x 1.
Appendix E. 9783 Connectors and Cables This chapter provides details on 9783 connectors, cable pin-out assignments and part numbers. Figure 67. IBM 9783 Port and Connectors 5.5 Analog Voice Ports Caution! Hazardous voltages can be generated on telephone connections. Damage can result from connection to telephone circuits that are incompatible with selected configurations. Only qualified personnel should be permitted to work on telephone circuits.
assembly can be used to provide up to six RJ11 jacks for connection to the P1 and P2 voice port connectors. Pin assignment from P1 to the RJ11 adapter assembly connectors is shown in Figure 69. Pin numbering for RJ11 connectors is shown in Figure 70. RJ2HX(50-Pin) Figure 68. Pin Numbering for P1 and P2 Voice Port Connectors RJ 11 Adapter Assembly Figure 69.
RJ 11 Connector Figure 70. Pin Numbering for RJ11 Jack 5.5.
Color codes referenced are for standard conductor telco cables. Table 72.
Table 73. Pin Signal Assignments for Voice Port Connector P2, Type 2,3 and 4 Voice Port 7 26 1 27 2 28 3 29 4 White/Blue Blue/White White/Orange Orange/White White/Green Green/White White/Brown Brown/White T R E SG M SB T R T-1 R1 E SG M SB T R - Voice Port 8 30 5 31 6 32 7 33 8 White/Slate Slate/White Red/Blue Blue/Red Red/Orange Orange/Red Red/Green Green/Red T R E SG M SB T R T-1 R1 E SG M SB T R - Table 74.
Voice Port 5 42 17 43 18 44 45 - Yellow/Orange Orange/Yellow Yellow/Green Green/Yellow Yellow/Brown Brown/Yellow Yellow/Slate Slate/Yellow T R T-1 R1 E M - T R E M - T R - Voice Port 6 46 21 47 22 48 49 - Violet/Blue Blue/Violet Violet/Orange Orange/Violet Violet/Green Green/Violet Violet/Brown Brown/Violet T R T-1 R1 E M - T R E M - T R - Voice Port 7 26 1 27 2 28 29 - White/Blue Blue/White White/Orange Orange/White White/Green Green/White White/Brown Brown/White T R T-1 R1 E M - T R E M -
Appendix F. Command Summary This Appendix provides a brief, annotated list of IBM 9783 commands. Depending on the configuration, some of these commands may not be available. Parameter values specified are maximum. The abbreviation for the command is shown within parentheses. For example, Call_Processing (ca) Command signifies that ca is the minimal coding requirement for this command. Command Description Call_processing (ca) Command Circuit group (cg): all (a) or 1-128.
Clear_events Circuit Format : ca c c cg c Clears call processing statistics for circuit group cg, circuit c. Enter: 1. 1-127 to designate the circuit group (cg). 2. 0-254 to designate a specific circuit (c). Clear_events Format : ca c v vp Clears call processing statistics for voice port vp. Dial_tone Format : ca dia s1_on s1_off s2_on s2_off f1 f2 l1 l2 Configures two signals that are used to generate dial tone. Enter: 1. Signal 1 ontime (s1_on). Range: 0-32767 msec. 2. Signal 1 offtime (s1_off).
Fast_busy Format : ca f s1_on s1_off s2_on s2_off f1 f2 l1 l2 Configures two signals that are used to generate fast busy. Enter: 1. Signal 1 on-time (s1_on). Range: 0-300-32767 msec. 2. Signal 1 off-time (s1_off). Range: 0-300-32767 msec. 3. Signal 2 on-time (s2_on). Range: 0-300-32767 msec. 4. Signal 2 off-time (s2_off). Range: 0-300-32767 msec. 5. Signal 1 frequency (f1). Range: 0-480-3000 msec. 6. Signal 2 frequency (f2). Range: 0-620-3000 msec. 7. Signal 1 level (l1). Range: (-40)-(-16)-(-13) dB in 0.
No_ans_ring Format : ca n d Sets duration (d) that the voice channel will ring FXO port while waiting for answer supervision before abondoning a call. Range: 0-64000 msec. Cycle voice ports offline and back online to complete the update. Off_detect_ring Format : ca of d Sets duration (d) required for absence of ringing on FXO port before the IBM 9783 unit determines that ringing has stopped. Range: 0-6000-64000 msec. Cycle voice ports offline and back online to complete the update.
R2 Mode Format : ca R2 m mode Sets the mode (mode) of operation for R2 processing. Mode: NORMAL, PULSE_DISABLED, or LINE_ONLY R2 Request_category Format : ca R2 r d R2 Send_(N-1) Format : ca R2 send_(N-1 d Sets the digit (d) that is the IBM 9783 looks for in order to issue the Calling_Category digit.Digit: One character (0-9, A-C, *, or #). Default: 5. Sets the digit (d) that the IBM 9783 looks for in order to issue the digit it sent prior to the last one. Digit: One character (0-9, A-C, *, or #).
Ring_back Format : ca ri s1_on s1_off s2_on s2_off f1 f2 l1 l2 Determines two signals used to generate ring-back tone. Enter: 1. Signal 1 ontime (s1_on). Range: 0-2000-32767 msec. 2. Signal 1 offtime (s1_off). Range: 0-4000-32767 msec. 3. Signal 2 ontime (s2_on). Range: 0-2000-32767 msec. 4. Signal 2 offtime (s2_off). Range: 0-4000-32767 msec. 5. Signal 1 frequency (f1). Range: 0-440-3000 Hz. 6. Signal 2 frequency (f2). Range: 0-480-3000 Hz. 7. Signal 1 level (l1). Range: (-40)-(-22)-(-13) dB in 0.
Translation_rule Format : ca t n c d Delete Deletes a translation rule. Enter the command (ca t), the rule number (n), and the case number (c) followed by d (delete). Rule number: 0-3. Case number: 0-99. Translation_ Format : ca t n c m sm dm r so do rule Modify Modifies or creates a translation rule. Enter the command (ca t), the rule number (n), and the case number (c) followed by m (modify). Rule number: 0-3. Case number: 0-99. Then: 1. Enter number of Source Match rule (sm) (0 to 114) 2.
Warble_t/o Format : ca warble_ d Sets duration of silence (d) after a disconnect before warble is generated. Range: 0-10000-64000 msec. Cycle voice ports offline and back online to complete the update. Wink_delay Format : ca wink_del d Sets delay (d) following incoming seize after which wink is generated by AVFAX card, E&M port, or E-1/T-1 port. Range: 0-50-64000. Cycle voice ports offline and back online to complete the update.
Disconnect Format : ch d dp d1 dp d2 ipadd:udp ipadd:idx nms dp dlci Disconnects a PVC connection in the IBM 9783 unit that was previously created using the channel connect command (ch c dp d1 dp d2 p). This command also specifies the IP and UDP addresses (ipadd:udp) when ACCOUNTING is selected for the port. When the port has been designated a voice port, specify the IP address and designated index number (ipadd:idx). Circuit_Group (ci) Command Circuit group (cg): all (a) or 1-128.
Remove Format : ci cg r Removes circuit group cg. All circuits in circuit group cg must be deleted (ci cg de a) before circuit group cg can be removed. Console_Port (co) Command Alarm Format : co a (e or d) Controls whether alarms display on the console as they occur. Enter e (enable) or d (disable). Local_prompt Format : co l prompt Customizes the local prompt. Enter a string of up to eight characters (prompt) to display with the LOCAL prompt and identify an IBM 9783 unit.
Interface Format : da dp int i Sets the physical interface (i) for data port (dp). Physical interface can be i (inactive), rs2 (RS232), rs4 (RS422) or v (V.35). Data port dp must be offline. Caution: The selected interface must match the cable type used on the corresponding port or the HSP card may be damaged. Invert_clock Format : da dp inv c m Controls inversion mode (m) of clock (c) to data port dp. Clock: t (tx) or r (rx). Inver-sion mode (m): e (enable) or d (disable). Data port dp must be offline.
BERT Format : ds be ch d p Controls the DS0 channel (ch) on which the bit errror rate test (BERT) will be transmitted, the transmission direction (d), and test pattern (p). Direction: s (subscriber) or n (network). Test Pattern: 5 (511) or q (QRSS). DSUB must be offline. BERT Inject Format : ds be i Error Configures DSUB bit error rate test to inject a single-bit error into the BERT bit pattern.
Framing T-1 Format : ds f frm Sets the framing format (frm) for a T-1 DSUB subscriber port. T-1 Framing format: d (D4) or e (ESF). DSUB must be offline. LBO Format : ds lb a Configures the DSUB port’s T-1 port Line Build Out to control transmit signal attenuation.Attenuation (a): 0, -7 (-7.5), -1 (-15), or -2 (-22.5). Command is valid only for T-1 long-haul DSUB. Line_code Format : ds li p Sets the DSUB T-1/E-1 port line coding protocol (p). Line coding protocol: a (AMI), b(B8ZS) or h (HDB3).
Ethernet (e) Commands Default_Gateway Format : e ep d ip_addr Establishes the IP address for the ethernet default gateway. Ethernet port designation ep can be either port A1 or B1. MAC_address Format : e ep m mac_addr Establishes the MAC address for the IBM 9783 unit. This address is printed on a label found on the backplane of the unit. Ethernet port designation ep can be either port A1 or B1. Subnet_mask Format : e ep s ip_mask Establishes the IP mask number for the IBM 9783 unit.
Async_config Format : frad dp a p1 p2 Configures data port dp to async protocol for FRAD operation. Configure both p1 and p2, when applicable: p1 p2 b (Build_timeout) 10-50-5000 milliseconds. c (Character_bits) 5 (5 bits), 6 (6 bits), 7 (7 bits), or 8 (8 bits). p (Parity) n (none), e (even), or o (odd). st (Stop_bits) 1, 1.5, or 2 (clock cycles). sub_(Sub_char) 0-255. subs(Substitute) e (enable) or d (disable). Data port dp must be offline.
EIR Format : frad dp e eir Sets FRAD port dp excess information rate (eir). eir : 8-2048000 bps. Data port dp must be configured to FRAD mode and offline. Flow_control Format : frad dp fl p1 p2 Configures flow control for FRAD port dp. Configure both p1 and p2 when applicable. p1 p2 i (input) e (enable) or d (disable). o (output) e (enable) or d (disable) t (type) c (CTS/DTR) or x (XON/XOFF). Data port dp must be offline.
Signalling Format : frad dp s ms p1 p2 Configures FRAD port dp modem signalling by selecting modem signal (ms) and the on-state condition (p1) of the modem signal. Additional signalling conditions are shown as p2 when they are required. Modem signal: c (CTS), dc (DCD) or ds (DSR). Configure both p1 and p2 when applicable.
DLCI Create Format : fram dp d dl cr Creates DLCI dl and assigns it to frame relay port dp. DLCI type (t): n (normal) or b (bundled). A DLCI must be bundled if subDLCIs will be assigned to it. Place port online. DLCI Delete Format : fram dp d dl de Deletes DLCI dl from frame relay port dp. SubDLCIs that have been assigned to the DLCI must be deleted before the DLCI can be deleted, and the DLCI must be set to the Disable condition (fram dp d dl di).
DLCI TC Format : fram dp d dl tc t Configures the time (t) allocated as Committed Rate Measurement Interval (tc), onwhich calculation of the CIR and EIR are based. Time: 10-1000-5000 msec. DLCI Traffic_ Format : fram dp d dl tr s shaping Configures status (s) of traffic shaping on DLCI dl on frame relay port dp. Status: e(enable) or d (disable). Frame relay port dp must be online, and DLCI dl must be created.
LMI Mode Format : fram dp lm m m Sets the local management interface mode (m) of frame relay port dp. Mode: u (user) or n (network). Frame relay port dp must be offline. LMI Timeout Format : fram dp lm ti p Sets the timeout period (p) in seconds after which, if no response is received from a poll, a poll failure is declared. Timeout period: 5-15-30 seconds. Frame relay port dp must be offline. LMI Type Format : fram dp lm ty p Sets the local management interface protocol type (p).
Quit Format : q Ends an IBM 9783 console session and returns the display to the ENTER PASSWORD prompt. Always conclude a console session by entering the Quit command. Remote (Rem) Command Remote (Rem) Command Remote Format : rem Sets the IBM 9783 unit to the remote command mode. In this mode, the unit processes only commands intended for execution by the remote unit selected by the Select_remote_node (se) command. The command prompt will be REMOTE>.
Config Data_ Format : sh c da dp d ports Displays the configuration of data port dp. The display (d) can be set to f (full) to display the complete configuration, or c (current) to display only the current configuration. Config DLCI Format : sh c dl dp Displays the configuration of DLCI dl on data port dp. Config DSUB Format : sh c ds c Displays DSUB card configuration (c). Configuration: a (active configuration) or 1 (background configuration).
Config Format : sh c t f n t Translation_rule rule Displays selected translation rules from the IBM 9783 unit. Enter the command, the first translation rule (f) to display, the number (n) of cases to display, and the type (t) of display. First translation rule: 0-3. Number of cases to display: 1-100. Type of display: t (table: display rules for selected table) or f (full: display rules for all tables). Config Unit Format : sh c u Displays the configuration of the IBM 9783 unit.
History Unit Format : sh h u s n Displays the most recent alarm and error messages stored in the event log beginning with starting event (s). Starting event: 1-50. Number of events (n) to display (including starting event): 1-50. Note: Executing a Unit Reset command clears the IBM 9783 unit event log. Performance Format : sh pe c c cg ci Call_processing Circuit Displays performance and diagnostic information for circuit ci in circuit group cg.
Status Format : sh s ci cg Circuit_group Displays the status of circuit group cg. Status Data_ports Format : sh s da Displays the operational status of all data ports. Status DLCI Format : sh s dl dp Displays the DLCI status of data port dp. Status Download Format : sh s do Displays the percentage of completion for the unit code download currently in progress, or most recently completed. Status DSUB Format : sh s ds Displays the operational status of the digital T-1/E-1 port of the DSUB card.
Clear_evts Format : u clear_e Clears all events that are currently stored in the unit event log. Use this command to simplify monitoring of the event log by eliminating previous entries. Clear_stat Format : u clear_s card Clears the last two parameters of SHOW PERFORMANCE UNIT, System Memory Allocation Failure and Internal Queue Failure for HSP card designated by card (A–D). . Date Format : u d mm:dd:yy Sets the IBM 9783 unit’s internal calendar.
Send_code Format : u s Downloads software and firmware code from the local unit to the unit specified by the Select_remote_node (se) command. Code download can require 40 minutes across a terrestrial link or 90 minutes over a satellite link. Caution: If the network link is interrupted during a download, wait four minutes after return of green SYNC indication before executing another Send_code. Time Format : u ti hh:mm:ss Sets the IBM 9783 unit’s internal clock.
Call_processing Format : v vp ca m r2 Sets the call processing mode (m) for voice port vp. Mode: fo (force_connect), fxo, fxs, i (immediate), or w (wink_start). Also sets R2 processing to ENABLE or DISABLE. Caution: Ensure that Force_connected voice ports are set to the same vocoder rate. Cycle voice port vp offline and back online to complete the update. CCS Format : v vp cc s Enables and disables common channel signalling (s) for voice port vp. This command is applicable only with DVFAX voice cards.
Fax_III Format : v vp fa p1 p2 rate tandem Controls fax III operation and fax III nonstandard facilities (NSF) operation for voice port vp. p1 p2 e (enable) - Default N/A d (disable) N/A m (MAX_RATE) n (NSF) e (enable) or d (disable) This command also sets the maximum transmission rate (rate) at 4800 or 9600. It sets the Compressed Tandem feature to ENABLE or DISABLE. When this feature is activated, recompression of voice is prevented on the specified port.
Outbound_trans_r Format : v vp ou n ule Assigns an outbound translation rule, by rule number (n) to voice port vp. Rule number: 0-3. Voice port vp must be placed in offline mode (v vp of) before executing this command. Rate Format : v vp ra bps Assigns the compression rate (bps) in bits per second to voice port vp. Rate: 0, 4800, 5333, or 7460-32000 bps in 533 increments. Default =9600 bps. Caution. Ensure that force-connected voice ports are set to the same vocoder rate.
Telco FXS Format : v vp te fxs l r Selects telco Foreign Exchange Subscriber (FXS) interface for voice port vp. Follow fxs with l (indicating loop_start) or G (indicating ground_start), and the ring mode (r). Ring mode: i (inter_ring) or c (cont_ring). Default=loop_start inter_ring. Caution: Changing telco parameters interrupts communication through the voice port.
Tx Level Format : v vp tx l Selects transmission attenuation (or gain) level (l) for voice port vp. Tx level: (-16)-(+ 7) dB in 0.5-dB increments. Default: DVFAX card: 0.0; AVFAX card: -4.0. VAD Hangtime Format : v vp va h t Specifies the time (t) in milliseconds after speech has ended when Voice Activity Detector (VAD) silence suppression begins for voice port vp. Hangtime: 0-225-3825. VAD Mode Format : v vp va m m Specifies the Voice Activity Detect (VAD) operational mode for voice port vp.
Appendix G. Troubleshooting the 9783 This section provides you with the information that can help you solve problems that may occur when using IBM 9783. Problems are divided into the following functional areas: • • • • • • • Call accounting channel Circuit groups Console port Frame relay port Remote unit command channel Voice port Translation rules G.1 Call Accounting Channel This section presents possible responses to problems associated with the IBM 9783 call accounting channel.
PROBLEM : Calls are not being processed between two nodes, and there are no alarms. Cause: Two circuit groups are connected to a single node. Response : Use the SHOW CONFIG CIRCUIT_GROUP ALL command to find out if any nodes are connected to two or more circuit groups. Combine the problem circuit groups into one circuit group. PROBLEM : Translation rules are mysteriously created when a circuit group is created.
Response : Verify the following: The filenames used to specify the source files are correct The serial port selected on the computer is correct The serial number entered into the loader matches that of the target unit (use SHOW CONFIG UNIT to find unit serial number). If this problem is occurring after an aborted download attempt, power cycle the unit, wait a few minutes for the system to come up, and retry the download.
PROBLEM : There is no data throughput even though there are no alarms and all DLCIs are active. Cause: A subDLCI mismatch exists or severe network congestion is occurring. Response : Make sure the same subDLCI is connected on both sides of the DLCI. Use SHOW PERFORMANCE FRAME DLCI command to check FECN, BECN, and DE values. Modify, if necessary, to reduce congestion. G.
G.8 Voice Ports This section presents possible responses to general problems associated with the IBM 9783 voice ports. PROBLEM : When attempting a flash-hook, the voice call is dropped. Cause: The unit’s call processing disconnect delay parameter is set too low. This situation is common in units that are upgraded from V1.10 or prerelease versions to V1.14 and later. Response : Set the CALL_PROCESSING DISCONNECT_DETECT_DELAY parameter to between 700 and 1000 msec.
PROBLEM : Changes made in voice parameters are not taking effect. Cause: Voice port configuration changes have occurred during off-line state. Response : Turn the voice port offline, then back online. PROBLEM : Long voice and call setup delay (5-10 sec). Cause: A data port is configured for a speed that is too low, for example, 6400 bps instead of 64000 bps. Response : Set the data port to the correct speed. PROBLEM : RS-422 or V.35 port is inoperable.
G.9.2.2 Evaluating the PVC Issue the SHOW STATUS DLCI < upa> command, where < upa> is the number of the port you want to evaluate. Check the DLCI status and respond as directed in the following table: If the DLCI Status is Check ACTIVE Nothing. The frame relay connection is functioning properly. DISABLE The frame relay DLCI setup. INACTIVE The carrier is not activating the PVC. Check with the carrier to ensure that the PVC is activated.
2. At the terminating IBM 9783 unit: • Check the inbound translation rule assignment at the termination circuit group: SHOW CONFIG CIRCUIT_GROUP ALL • Check the corresponding translation rule configuration: SHOW CONFIG TRANSLATION_RULES < start_rule> 100 FULL 3.
Appendix H. Special Notices This publication is intended to help product support services specialists and networking specialists to design, install, implement and troubleshoot a voice over frame relay environment with 2212s and 9783s. The information in this publication is not intended as the specification of any programming interfaces that are provided by these products.
This document contains examples of data and reports used in daily business operations. To illustrate them as completely as possible, the examples contain the names of individuals, companies, brands, and products. All of these names are fictitious and any similarity to the names and addresses used by an actual business enterprise is entirely coincidental. Reference to PTF numbers that have not been released through the normal distribution process does not imply general availability.
Appendix I. Related Publications The publications listed in this section are considered particularly suitable for a more detailed discussion of the topics covered in this redbook. I.1 International Technical Support Organization Publications For information on ordering these ITSO publications see “How to Get IBM Redbooks” on page 247.
• http://w3.ibm.com • http://www.elink.ibmlink.ibm.com/pbl/pbl • http://www.networking.ibm.com/ntm/ntmbp.html • http://www-3.ibm.com/services/learning/training.
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List of Abbreviations ADPCM Adaptive differential pulse code modulation EBCDIC Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code ASCII American National Standard Code for Information Interchange EDM Expansion Data Module ERL Echo Return Loss ESF Extended Super Frame E&M Ear and Mouth FR Frame Relay ATC Adaptive Transform Coding ANSI American National Standards Institute AMI Alternate Mask Inversion FTP File Transfer Protocol BRS Bandwidth Reservation System FRF Frame Relay Forum FXO
PPP Point to Point Protocol PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network QOOS Quality Of Service Rx Receive RIP Routing Information Protocol SVC Switched Virtual Circuit Tx Transmit TCP Transmission Control Protocol UDP User Datagram Protocol UNI User Network Interface UPA User Port Address VAD Voice Activity Detection VPN Virtual Private Network VoFR Voice over Frame Relay VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol VFRAD Voice Frame Relay Access Device WAN Wide Area Network 250 IBM Voic
Index Numerics 2212 competitive features 4 2212 Access Utility 1 2212 Network Design 14 9783 configuration activities 27 9783 connectors and cables 197 A Adjusting voice gains 164 AIS V3.
Monitoring voice over frame relay 166 N Network assessment 181 network-output rules 44 Nuera 1 V P P1 and P2 voice port connectors 197 PBX switches 1 Pin signal assignments 199 power-up sequence 24 Pre-installation site review 187 Private Branch Exchange 189 protocol priority policy 19 Public Switched Telephone Network 1 Public vs.
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