Cambium PMP 450 Planning Guide System Release 13.
PMP 450 module essential information Default IP Address for Management GUI Access 169.254.1.1 Default Administrator Username admin Default Administrator Password (no password) Software Upgrade Procedure See “Updating the software version and using CNUT” in the PMP 450 Configuration and User Guide 1. On the radio GUI, navigate to Configuration, Unit Settings and select Set to Factory Defaults OR Resetting to Factory Defaults (2 options) ii 2.
Accuracy While reasonable efforts have been made to assure the accuracy of this document, Cambium Networks assumes no liability resulting from any inaccuracies or omissions in this document, or from use of the information obtained herein.
Safety and regulatory information This section describes important safety and regulatory guidelines that must be observed by personnel installing or operating PMP 450 equipment. Important safety information To prevent loss of life or physical injury, observe the safety guidelines in this section. Power lines Exercise extreme care when working near power lines. Working at heights Exercise extreme care when working at heights.
RF exposure near the antenna Radio frequency (RF) fields will be present close to the antenna when the transmitter is on. Always turn off the power to the PMP 450 unit before undertaking maintenance activities in front of the antenna. Minimum separation distances Install the AP/SM so as to provide and maintain the minimum separation distances from all persons. The minimum separation distances for each frequency variant are specified in Calculated distances and power compliance margins on page 3-14.
Contents PMP 450 Planning Guide Contents PMP 450 module essential information .................................................................................................................. ii Safety and regulatory information .................................................................................. iv Important safety information ........................................................................................................................ iv Important regulatory information ........
PMP 450 Planning Guide Encryption................................................................................................................................................ 1-48 Further reading on wireless operation ........................................................................................................ 1-48 System management ........................................................................................................................................ 1-49 Management agent ...
Contents PMP 450 Planning Guide Diagramming Network Layouts ..................................................................................................................... 1-106 Avoiding Self Interference ....................................................................................................................... 1-106 Avoiding Other Interference ....................................................................................................................
PMP 450 Planning Guide Cambium Networks end user license agreement................................................................................................... 2-2 Acceptance of this agreement ...................................................................................................................... 2-2 Definitions .................................................................................................................................................. 2-2 Grant of license .........
List of Figures PMP 450 Planning Guide List of Figures Figure 1 Line Of Sight Diagram ............................................................................................................................. 1-12 Figure 2 AP, Radio unit ........................................................................................................................................ 1-16 Figure 3 AP, antenna ..........................................................................................................
PMP 450 Planning Guide List of Tables List of Tables Table 1 PMP 450 frequency variants ...................................................................................................................... 1-14 Table 2 AP interface descriptions and cabling – 2.4 GHz, 3.5 GHz, 5 GHz ............................................................... 1-17 Table 3 AP interface descriptions and cabling – 5 GHz original layout .....................................................................
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 38 Link budget details – 3.5 GHz PMP 450 link, 20 MHz Channel Bandwidth ................................................ 1-81 Table 39 Link budget details – 3.5 GHz PMP 450 link, 10 MHz Channel Bandwidth ................................................ 1-82 Table 40 Link budget details – 3.5 GHz PMP 450 link, 5 MHz Channel Bandwidth.................................................. 1-83 Table 41 Link budget details – 3.6 GHz PMP 450 link, 20 MHz Channel Bandwidth ..............
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 80 Default combined transmit power per Country Code – 5.8 GHz band ......................................................... 3-33 Table 81 US FCC IDs and Industry Canada Certification Numbers and Covered Configurations............................... 3-36 Table 82 Industry Canada approved antenna list .................................................................................................... 3-43 Table 83 Glossary ........................................................
PMP 450 Planning Guide About This Planning Guide This guide describes the planning of the Cambium PMP 450 Series of point-to-multipoint wireless equipment deployment. It is intended for use by the system designer.
PMP 450 Planning Guide General information Version information The following shows the issue status of this document since it was first released: Issue Date of issue Remarks 001v000 September 2012 System Release 12.0 002v000 October 2012 Includes additional co-location information 003v000 November 2012 Updated for System Release 12.0.1 004v000 January 2013 Updated for System Release 12.0.2 005v000 March 2013 Updated for System Release 12.0.3/12.0.3.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Product description This chapter provides a high level description of the PMP 450 product. It describes in general terms the function of the product, the main product variants and typical deployment. It also describes the main hardware components. The chapter consists of the following topics: • Overview of PMP 450 on page 1-11: Introduces the key features, typical uses, product variants and components of the PMP 450.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Problems and warranty Reporting problems If any problems are encountered when installing or operating this equipment, follow this procedure to investigate and report: 1 Search this document and the software release notes of supported releases. 2 Visit the support website. http://www.cambiumnetworks.com/support 3 Ask for assistance from the Cambium product supplier. 4 Gather information from affected units such as: 5 • The IP addresses and MAC addresses.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Using non-Cambium parts for repair could damage the equipment and void the warranty. Contact Cambium for service and repair instructions. Portions of Cambium equipment may be damaged from exposure to electrostatic discharge. Use precautions to prevent damage.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Security advice Cambium Networks systems and equipment provide security parameters that can be configured by the operator based on their particular operating environment. Cambium recommends setting and using these parameters following industry recognized security practices. Security aspects to be considered are protecting the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information and assets.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Warnings, cautions, and notes The following describes how warnings and cautions are used in this document and in all documents of the Cambium Networks document set. Warnings Warnings precede instructions that contain potentially hazardous situations. Warnings are used to alert the reader to possible hazards that could cause loss of life or physical injury. A warning has the following format: Warning text and consequence for not following the instructions in the warning.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Overview of PMP 450 This section introduces the key features, typical uses, product variants and components of the PMP 450. Purpose Cambium PMP 450 Series networks are designed for wireless point-to-multipoint links in the unlicensed 2.4 GHz, 3.5GHz, 5.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz bands. Users must ensure that the PMP 450 Series complies with local operating regulations. The PMP 450 Series adds dramatically increased network throughput and capacity.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Figure 1 Line Of Sight Diagram Whereas multi-pathing degrades a link in some technologies (FSK, for example), OFDM can often use multipathing to an advantage to overcome nLOS, especially in cases where the Fresnel zone is only partially blocked by buildings, “urban canyons”, or foliage. OFDM tends to help especially when obstacles are near the middle of the link, and less so when the obstacles are very near the SM or AP.
PMP 450 Planning Guide System components PMP 450 Access Point • Access Point Module (AP): A connectorized outdoor transceiver unit containing all the radio, networking, antenna, and surge suppression electronics. • Access Point Power Supply: An indoor power supply module providing Power-over-Ethernet (PoE) supply to the Access Point. • Cabling: Cat 5e cables, grounding cables, and connectors.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Product variants The PMP 450 Series is available in the following product variants: Table 1 PMP 450 frequency variants 1-14 Variant Region Frequency Coverage (MHz) Channel Bandwidth (MHz) 2.4 GHz PMP 450 FCC ISM Band 2400 – 2483.5 5/10/20 3.5 GHz PMP 450 3300 – 3600 5/10/20 Combined Transmit power limited based on Country Code setting. Available center frequencies based on Country Code setting. 3.
PMP 450 Planning Guide pmp-0047 (March 2014) 1-15
PMP 450 Planning Guide Access Point (AP) The AP is a self-contained unit that houses both radio and networking electronics. The AP is supplied in a connectorized configuration for use with an external antenna. Connectorized units with external antennas can cope with more difficult radio conditions.
PMP 450 Planning Guide AP interfaces The AP interfaces are illustrated below. Figure 4 AP interfaces – 2.4 GHz, 3.5 GHz, 3.6GHz, 5 GHz Path A RF Port Sync/Default Ethernet Path B RF Port Table 2 AP interface descriptions and cabling – 2.4 GHz, 3.5 GHz, 5 GHz Interface Path A RF Port Path B RF Port Function 2.4 GHz -45 degree RF connection to AP antenna 3.5 GHz -45 degree RF connection to AP antenna 3.6 GHz -45 degree RF connection to AP antenna 5 GHz Vertical RF connection to AP antenna 2.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Figure 5 AP interfaces - 5 GHz original layout Path V RF Port Path H RF Port Sync/Default Ethernet Unused Table 3 AP interface descriptions and cabling – 5 GHz original layout Interface Cabling Path V RF Port Vertical RF connection to AP antenna 50 ohm RF cable, N-type Path H RF Port Horizontal RF connection to AP antenna 50 ohm RF cable, N-type GPS synchronization signaling, provides power to UGPS module. Default plug port. RJ11 cable, default plug.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Figure 6 AP ground and equilibrium membrane vent Equilibrium Membrane Vent (do not cover) AP Ground The ports on the 3.5GHz and 3.6GHz APs are slightly different. Table 4 AP interface descriptions and cabling – ground lug Interface Ground Lug (bottom of unit) Function Cabling For grounding the unit 10 AWG copper wire AP diagnostic LEDs The diagnostic LEDs report the following information about the status of the module. The LED color helps you distinguish position of the LED.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 5 AP LED descriptions LED Color when active Status information provided Notes PWR red DC power Always lit when power is correctly supplied. SYN/1 yellow Presence of sync Always lit on the AP. SES/2 green Unused on the AP GPS/3 red Pulse of sync Continuously lit as pulse as AP receives pulse. Flashes during data ACT/4 yellow Presence of data activity transfer. Frequency of on the Ethernet link flash is not a diagnostic indication.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Radio tab of the AP Figure 8 Radio tab of the AP pmp-0047 (March 2014) 1-21
PMP 450 Planning Guide The Radio tab of the AP contains some of the configurable parameters that define how the AP operates. Table 6 AP Radio attributes Attribute Meaning Radio Mode Reserved for future modes of operation. Frequency Band Select the desired operating frequency band. Frequency Carrier Specify the frequency for the module to transmit. The default for this parameter is None. For a list of channels in the band, see the drop-down list on the radio GUI.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Attribute Meaning Downlink Data Specify the percentage of the aggregate throughput for the downlink (frames transmitted from the AP to the subscriber). For example, if the aggregate (uplink and downlink total) throughput on the AP is 90 Mb, then 75% specified for this parameter allocates 67.5 Mb for the downlink and 22.5 Mb for the uplink. The default for this parameter is 75%.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Attribute Meaning Control Slots This field indicates the number of (reserved) control slots configured by the operator. The SM uses reserved control slots and unused data slots for bandwidth requests Uplink Data Slots are used first for data. If they are not needed for data in a given frame, the remaining data slots can be used by the SMs for bandwidth requests.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Attribute Transmitter Output Power Meaning This value represents the combined power of the AP’s two transmitters. Nations and regions may regulate transmitter output power. For example • 5.4/5.8-GHz modules are available as connectorized radios, which require the operator to adjust power to ensure regulatory compliance. The professional installer of the equipment has the responsibility to • External Gain Receive Quality Debug maintain awareness of applicable regulations.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Attribute Meaning Subscriber Color Code Rescan (When not on a Primary Color Code) This timer may be utilized to initiate SM rescans in order to register to an AP configured with the SM‘s primary color code. Subscriber Color Code Wait Period for Idle The time (in minutes) for a subscriber to rescan while idle (if this AP is not configured with the SM’s primary color code). This timer will fire periodic events.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Subscriber Module (SM) The SM is a self-contained unit that houses both radio and networking electronics. The SM is available in a connectorized model and also in an integrated antenna configuration, but may also be used with a passive reflector dish or CLIP (Cassegrain Lens for Improved Performance, 5 GHz only). Figure 9 PMP 450 Series SM 3.5 GHz and 3.6 GHz PMP 450 SMs appear a bit different from the existing PMP 450 SMs.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Further reading on the SM For more information on the SM, refer to the following: • AP or SM site selection on page 1-67 describes how to select a site for the SM. SM interfaces Figure 10 SM interfaces SM Ground (connectorized models) Ethernet Sync/Default 3.5 GHz and 3.6 GHz SMs appear a bit different from the existing 450 SMs.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Figure 11 Connectorized SM External antenna cable, path A (labeled “A”) External antenna cable, path B Table 7 SM Interfaces Interface Function Cabling Power-over-Ethernet, Ethernet communications (management and data) RJ45 Cable Sync / Default GPS synchronization signaling provides power to UGPS module and is the default plug port.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Interface Function 5 GHz Cabling Horizontal antenna connection SM diagnostic LEDs The diagnostic LEDs report the following information about the status of the module. The SM LEDs provide different status based on the mode of the SM. An SM in “operating” mode will register and pass traffic normally.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 8 SM diagnostic LED descriptions Status information provided LED Color when active SM in “Operating” LNK/5 green Ethernet link ACT/4 yellow SM in “Aiming” Mode Notes Mode Continuously lit when link is present. Presence of data activity on the Ethernet link These five LEDs act as a bar graph to indicate the relative quality of alignment. As power level improves during alignment, more of these LEDs are lit. Flashes during data transfer.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Radio tab of the SM Figure 13 Radio tab of the SM 1-32 pmp-0047 (March 2014)
PMP 450 Planning Guide Figure 14 Custom Frequency tab of the SM pmp-0047 (March 2014) 1-33
PMP 450 Planning Guide In the radio tab of the SM, you may set the following parameters.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Attribute Meaning Custom Radio Frequency Scan Selection List Check any frequency that you want the SM to scan for AP transmissions. Prior to System Release 13.1, the PMP 450 SM boot sequence included loading the current channel bandwidth (10 MHz or 20 MHz, but not both) and frequency band configuration (3.6 GHz) and scanning selected frequencies in the respective frequency band.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Attribute Meaning Channel Bandwidth The channel size used by the radio for RF transmission. Selecting multiple channel bandwidths will increase registration and reregistration times. Cyclic Prefix Scan The cyclic prefix for which AP scanning is executed. AP Selection Method Operators may configure the method by which a scanning SM selects an AP. By default, AP Selection Method is set to “Optimize for Throughput”, which has been the mode of operation in releases prior to 12.0.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Attribute Meaning External Gain This value represents the amount of gain introduced by an external antenna. Receive Quality Debug Module Type Recommended Setting OFDM integrated antenna with LENS 5 OFDM Integrated antenna with CLIP 8 OFDM integrated antenna with reflector dish 15 To aid in link performance monitoring, the AP and SM now report the number of fragments received per modulation (i.e. QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM) and per channel (polarization).
PMP 450 Planning Guide Cabling and lightning protection This section describes the cabling and lightning protection components of a PMP 450 installation. PMP and lightning protection Due to the full metallic connection to the tower or support structure through the AP antenna, grounding the AP and installing a 600SS surge suppressor at the Ethernet cable building ingress is strongly recommended. This suppresses overvoltages and overcurrents such as those caused by near-miss lightning.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Wireless operation This section describes how the PMP 450 wireless link is operated, including modulation modes, power control and security. Time division duplexing The system uses Time Division Duplexing (TDD) – one channel alternately transmits and receives rather than using one channel for transmitting and a second channel for receiving. To accomplish TDD, the AP must provide sync to its SMs.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Link operation – Dynamic Rate Adapt PMP 450 Series products offer five levels or speeds of operation – 1x (QPSK), 2x (QPSK-MIMO-B), 4x (16QAM-MIMO-B), 6x (64QAM-MIMO-B), and 8x (256QAM-MIMO-B). If received power is less due to distance between the AP and the SM or due to obstructions, or if interference affects the RF environment, the system will automatically and dynamically adjust links to the best operation level.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 10 Link Budget Details – Dynamic Rate Adapt, 5.4 GHz Product Performance Details Parameter Modulation PMP 450 * † 1x 2x 4x 6x 8x QPSK-SISO QPSK-MIMO 16-QAM-MIMO 64-QAM-MIMO 256-QAM-MIMO 5.4GHz Max. LOS Link Budget (no fade margin) – 20 MHz channel bandwidth with Integrated SM antenna 4.8 mi / 7.68 km 3.4 mi / 5.44 km 1.5 mi / 2.4 km 0.7 mi / 1.12 km 0.2 mi / 0.32 km with Reflector Dish that adds 14 dB to SM Range 8.2 mi / 13.12 km 5.8 mi / 9.28 km 2.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 11 Link Budget Details – Dynamic Rate Adapt, 5.8 GHz Product Performance Details Parameter Modulation PMP 450 § 2x 4x 6x 8x QPSK-SISO QPSK-MIMO 16-QAM-MIMO 64-QAM-MIMO 256-QAM-MIMO 5.8GHz Max. LOS Link Budget (no fade margin) – 20 MHz channel bandwidth with Integrated SM antenna 8.5 mi / 13.6 km 6 mi / 9.6 km 2.7 mi / 4.32 km 1.1 mi / 1.76 km 0.3 mi / 0.48 km with Reflector Dish that adds 14 dB to SM Range 40 mi / 64 km 30.3 mi / 48.48 km 13.7 mi / 21.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 12 Link Budget Details – Dynamic Rate Adapt, 2.4GHz Product Performance Details Parameter 1x 2x 4x 6x 8x QPSK-SISO QPSK-MIMO 16-QAM-MIMO 64-QAM-MIMO 256-QAM-MIMO with Integrated SM antenna 15.2 mi / 24.32 km 10.8 mi / 17.28 km 5.4 mi / 8.64 km 2.4 mi / 3.84 km 1.1 mi / 1.76 km with Reflector Dish that adds 12 dB to SM Range 40 mi / 64 km 40 mi / 64 km 21.5 mi / 34.4 km 9.6 mi / 15.36 km 4.3 mi / 6.88 km with Integrated SM antenna 24.1 mi / 38.
PMP 450 Planning Guide 5 MHz Channel 133 130 125 117 107 Table 13 Link Budget Details – Dynamic Rate Adapt, 3.5GHz Product Performance Details Parameter 1x 2x 4x 6x 8x QPSK-SISO QPSK-MIMO 16-QAM-MIMO 64-QAM-MIMO 256-QAM-MIMO with Integrated SM antenna 11.9 mi / 19.04 km 11.9 mi / 19.04 km 6.1 mi / 9.76 km 2.7 mi / 4.32 km 1.2 mi / 1.92 km with Reflector Dish that adds 11 dB to SM Range 40 mi / 64 km 40 mi / 64 km 21.5 mi / 34.4 km 9.6 mi / 15.36 km 4.3 mi / 6.
PMP 450 Planning Guide 5 MHz Channel 134.1 134.1 128.3 121.3 113.1 Table 14 Link Budget Details – Dynamic Rate Adapt, 3.6GHz Product Performance Details Parameter Modulation PMP 450 ††† 2x 4x 6x 8x QPSK-SISO QPSK-MIMO 16-QAM-MIMO 64-QAM-MIMO 256-QAM-MIMO 3.6GHz Max. LOS Link Budget (no fade margin) – 20 MHz channel bandwidth with Integrated SM antenna 11.9 mi / 19.04 km 11.9 mi / 19.04 km 6.1 mi / 9.76 km 2.7 mi / 4.32 km 1.2 mi / 1.
PMP 450 Planning Guide 5 MHz Channel 134.1 134.1 128.3 121.3 113.1 Table 15 Link Budget Details – Dynamic Rate Adapt, 5.4GHz PMP 450 AP and PMP 430 SM Product Performance Details Parameter Modulation 5.4GHz Max. LOS Link Budget (no fade margin) – 20 MHz channel bandwidth 5.4GHz Max. LOS Link Budget (no fade margin) – 10 MHz channel bandwidth PMP 450 AP §§§**** 5.4GHz Max. LOS Link Budget (no fade margin) – 5 MHz channel bandwidth PMP 430 SM 5.4GHz Max.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 16 Link Budget Details – Dynamic Rate Adapt, 5.8GHz PMP 450 AP and PMP 430 SM Product Performance Details Parameter 1x 2x 3x QPSK-SISO 16-QAM-SISO 64-QAM-SISO with Integrated SM antenna 9.9 mi / 15.84 km 4.4 mi / 7.04 km 1.7 mi / 2.72 km with Reflector Dish that adds 14 dB to SM Range 40 mi / 64 km 24.8 mi / 39.68 km 9.3 mi / 14.88 km with Integrated SM antenna 12.4 mi / 19.84 km 6.2 mi / 9.92 km 2.4 mi / 3.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Adaptive modulation PMP 450 units can transport data over the wireless link using a number of different modulation modes. The radio automatically selects QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) - SISO, QPSK-MIMO, 16-QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) - MIMO, 64-QAM - MIMO, or 256-QAM - MIMO based on the RF environment to provide 1x, 2x, 4x, 6x and 8x operation.
PMP 450 Planning Guide System management This section introduces the PMP 450 management system, including the web interface, installation, configuration, alerts and upgrades, and management software. Management agent PMP 450 equipment is managed through an embedded management agent. Management workstations, network management systems or PCs can be connected to this agent using the module’s Ethernet port or overthe air (SM).
PMP 450 Planning Guide Figure 16 AP web-based management screenshot 1-50 pmp-0047 (March 2014)
PMP 450 Planning Guide Web pages The web-based management interfaces provide comprehensive web-based fault, configuration, performance and security management functions organized into the following web-pages and groups: Access Point web-pages: • Home: The Home web-page reports the general device status, session status, remote subscriber status, event log information, network interface status, and layer 2 neighbor information.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Identity-based user accounts When identity-based user accounts are configured, a security officer can define from one to four user accounts, each of which may have one of the four possible roles: • ADMINISTRATOR, who has full read and write permissions. This is the level of the root and admin users, as well as any other administrator accounts that one of them creates.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Network Time Protocol (NTP) The clock supplies accurate date and time information to the system. It can be set to run with or without a connection to a network time server (NTP). It can be configured to display local time by setting the time zone and daylight saving in the Time web page. If an NTP server connection is available, the clock can be set to synchronize with the server time at regular intervals.
PMP 450 Planning Guide • High Availability Architecture Support: Wireless Manager offers a high availability option, providing a highly reliable and redundant network management solution that ensures you always have management access to your network. • High Scalability: The enhanced Wireless Manager offers you server scalability with support for up to 10,000 nodes as well as support for distributed server architecture. Cambium’s Wireless Manager 4.0 available for download at: http://www.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Further reading on system management For more information on system management, see • Security planning on page 1-128 describes how to plan for PMP 450 links to operate in secure modes.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Chapter 1: Planning considerations This chapter provides information to help the user to plan a PMP 450 network. The following topics are described in this chapter: 1-56 • Regulatory planning on page 1-57 describes how to plan PMP 450 links to conform to the regulatory restrictions that apply in the country of operation.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Regulatory planning This section describes how to plan PMP 450 links to conform to the regulatory restrictions that apply in the country of operation. It is the responsibility of the user to ensure that the PMP product is operated in accordance with local regulatory limits. Contact the applicable radio regulator to find out whether or not registration of the PMP network is required.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Network migration planning The PMP 450 Series offers current network operators the ability to migrate to PMP 450 for expanded network capacity and capability. The following sections are provided to aid in establishing a planning framework for deploying a PMP 450 system. Example PMP 450 deployment scenario The following sections detail example network deployment scenarios for the PMP 450 product.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Term Definition Existing Ch BW (MHz) The channel size, or channel bandwidth used in the current system. For FSK (PMP 1x0 series) deployments, the channel bandwidth is always 20 MHz (except 900 MHz FSK, which operate with 8 MHz channel bandwidth). For OFDM (PMP 430) deployments, the channel size may be 5, 10, or 20 MHz. Existing Total Bandwidth Used (MHz) The total amount of spectrum, in MHz, which is used by the existing system.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Sector capacity The following table exhibits the maximum aggregate sector throughput for several Cambium network deployments. This table may be used as a reference for planning new networks or for planning network upgrades. Table 18 Examples of aggregate sector throughput – FSK (PMP 1x0 Series) Air Interface Rate Adapt Ch BW (MHz) Cyclic Prefix Maximum Aggregate Sector Throughput RF Link Test (Mbps) FSK (PMP 1x0 Series – 900 MHz) 1x 8 N/A 2.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 20 Examples of aggregate sector throughput – OFDM MIMO (PMP 450 Series) Air Interface Rate Adapt Ch BW (MHz) Cyclic Prefix Maximum Aggregate Sector Throughput RF Link Test (Mbps) OFDM (SISO) (PMP 450 Series) 1x 5 CP 1/16 2 OFDM (MIMO) (PMP 450 Series) 2x 5 CP 1/16 4 OFDM (MIMO) (PMP 450 Series) 4x 5 CP 1/16 8 OFDM (MIMO) (PMP 450 Series) 6x 5 CP 1/16 14 OFDM (MIMO) (PMP 450 Series) 8x 5 CP 1/16 18 OFDM (SISO) (PMP 450 Series) 1x 10 CP 1/16 6 O
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 21 Examples of aggregate sector throughput – PMP 450 AP to PMP 430 SM Air Interface Rate Adapt Ch BW (MHz) Cyclic Prefix Maximum Aggregate Sector Throughput RF Link Test (Mbps) OFDM (PMP 450 AP to PMP 430 SM) 1x 5 CP 1/16 2 OFDM (PMP 450 AP to PMP 430 SM) 2x 5 CP 1/16 4 OFDM (PMP 450 AP to PMP 430 SM) 3x 5 CP 1/16 7 OFDM (PMP 450 AP to PMP 430 SM) 1x 10 CP 1/16 6 OFDM (PMP 450 AP to PMP 430 SM) 2x 10 CP 1/16 12 OFDM (PMP 450 AP to PMP 430 SM) 3x
PMP 450 Planning Guide Term Definition Replace Legacy Subscribers with 450 SMs Required Resulting Number of Sectors 6 Resulting Modulation OFDM (MIMO) Resulting Frequency Re-use Pattern ABC ABC Resulting Ch BW (MHz) 20 Resulting Total Bandwidth Used (MHz) 60 Resulting Aggregate Tower Throughput (Mbps) 570 Resulting Percentage Increase in Aggregate Tower Throughput 679% Table 23 Scenario 1 spectrum usage Beginning frequency usage Resulting frequency usage (assuming no interference at band
PMP 450 Planning Guide Deployment scenario 1 migration procedure This procedure assumes that there are no temporary frequencies available and that the PMP 450 APs will replace the existing APs. Procedure 1a Deployment scenario 1 migration procedure 1-64 1 Identify proximity to potential system interferers by running a spectrum analysis scan where the PMP 450 equipment will be deployed.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Deployment scenario 2 – Replacing PMP 430 equipment (10 MHz Channel Bandwidth) Deployment scenario 2 assumes that the existing network is comprised of PMP 430 equipment with the configuration listed below in Table 24. The migration in this scenario results in a complete replacement of PMP 430 series equipment with PMP 450 equipment. Table 24 Deployment scenario 2 Term Definition Existing System Release 12.2.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 25 Deployment scenario 2 spectrum usage Beginning PMP 430 frequency usage Resulting PMP 450 frequency usage 5725 5730 5735 5740 OFDM (A) MIMO (A) 5.740 GHz OFDM (B) MIMO (B) 5.750 GHz OFDM (C) MIMO (C) 5.760 GHz 5745 5750 5755 5760 5765 5770 Deployment scenario 2 migration procedure This procedure assumes that there are no temporary frequencies available and that the PMP 450 APs will replace the existing APs.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Site planning This section describes factors to be taken into account when choosing sites for the AP or SM, power supplies, CMM4 (if applicable) and GPS antenna (if applicable). AP or SM site selection When selecting a site for the AP or SM, consider the following factors: • Height and location to ensure that people are kept away from the antenna; see Calculated distances and power compliance margins on page 3-14. • Height and location to achieve the best radio path.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Wind loading Ensure that the site will not be prone to excessive wind loading. Antennas and equipment mounted on towers or buildings will subject the mounting structure to significant lateral forces when there is appreciable wind. Antennas are normally specified by the amount of force (in pounds) for specific wind strengths. The magnitude of the force depends on both the wind strength and size of the antenna.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Calculation of lateral force (US) The magnitude of the lateral force can be estimated from: Force (in pounds) = 0.0042Av2 Where: Is: A surface area in square feet v wind speed in miles per hour The lateral force produced by a single PMP 450 unit at different wind speeds is shown in Table 28. Table 28 Lateral force - US Largest surface area (square feet) Lateral force (lb) at wind speed (miles per hour) 80 100 120 140 150 0.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Wind speed statistics Contact the national meteorological office for the country concerned to identify the likely wind speeds prevalent at the proposed location. Use this data to estimate the total wind loading on the support structures. Sources of information: 1-70 • US National Weather Service, http://www.nws.noaa.gov/ • UK Meteorological Office, www.meto.gov.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Link planning This section describes factors to be taken into account when planning links, such as range, obstacles, path loss and throughput. Range and obstacles Calculate the range of the link and identify any obstacles that may affect radio performance. Perform a survey to identify all the obstructions (such as trees or buildings) in the path and to assess the risk of interference. This information is necessary in order to achieve an accurate link feasibility assessment.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 29 Link budget details – 5.8 GHz PMP 450 link, 20 MHz Channel Bandwidth Product Range Details Parameter 1x 2x 4x 6x 8x QPSK-SISO QPSK-MIMO-B 16QAM-MIMO-B 64QAM-MIMO-B 256QAMMIMO-B with Integrated SM antenna 8.5 mi / 13.6 km 6 mi / 9.6 km 2.7 mi / 4.32 km 1.1 mi / 1.76 km 0.3 mi / 0.48 km with CLIP that adds 8 dB to SM Range 24.1 mi / 38.56 km 17 mi / 27.2 km 7.7 mi / 12.32 km 3.1 mi / 4.96 km 1 mi / 1.6 km with LENS that adds 5.5 dB to SM Range 15.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 30 Link budget details – 5.8 GHz PMP 450 link, 10 MHz Channel Bandwidth Product Range Details Parameter Modulation 5.8GHz Max. LOS Link Budget (no fade margin) 5.8GHz Max. nLOS Link Budget (additional 5 dB link loss) PMP 450 5.8GHz Max. NLOS1 Link Budget (additional 15 dB link loss) 5.8GHz Max.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 31 Link budget details – 5.8 GHz PMP 450 link, 5 MHz Channel Bandwidth Product Range Details Parameter 1x 2x 4x 6x 8x QPSK-SISO QPSK-MIMO-B 16QAM-MIMO-B 64QAM-MIMO-B 256QAMMIMO-B with Integrated SM antenna 14.5 mi / 23.2 km 10.3 mi / 16.48 km 5.1 mi / 8.16 km 2.2 mi / 3.52 km 0.6 mi / 0.96 km with CLIP that adds 8 dB to SM Range 40 mi / 64 km 28.9 mi / 46.24 km 14.3 mi / 22.88 km 6.3 mi / 10.08 km 1.7 mi / 2.72 km with LENS that adds 5.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 32 Link budget details – 5.4 GHz PMP 450 link, 20 MHz Channel Bandwidth Product Range Details Parameter 1x 2x 4x 6x 8x QPSK-SISO QPSK-MIMO-B 16QAM-MIMOB 64QAM-MIMOB 256QAMMIMO-B with Integrated SM antenna 4.8 mi / 7.68 km 3.4 mi / 5.44 km 1.5 mi / 2.4 km 0.7 mi / 1.12 km 0.2 mi / 0.32 km with CLIP that adds 8 dB to SM Range 8.2 mi / 13.12 km 5.8 mi / 9.28 km 2.6 mi / 4.16 km 1.2 mi / 1.92 km 0.5 mi / 0.8 km with LENS that adds 5 dB to SM Range 8.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 33 Link budget details – 5.4 GHz PMP 450 link, 10 MHz Channel Bandwidth Product Range Details Parameter 1x 2x 4x 6x 8x QPSK-SISO QPSK-MIMO-B 16QAM-MIMOB 64QAM-MIMOB 256QAMMIMO-B with Integrated SM antenna 4.3 mi / 6.88 km 3.1 mi / 4.96 km 1.6 mi / 2.56 km 0.7 mi / 1.12 km 0.2 mi / 0.32 km with CLIP that adds 8 dB to SM Range 7.5 mi / 12 km 5.3 mi / 8.48 km 2.4 mi / 3.84 km 1.1 mi / 1.76 km 0.3 mi / 0.48 km with LENS that adds 5 dB to SM Range 7.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 34 Link budget details – 5.4 GHz PMP 450 link, 5 MHz Channel Bandwidth Product Range Details Parameter 1x 2x 4x 6x 8x QPSK-SISO QPSK-MIMO-B 16QAM-MIMOB 64QAM-MIMOB 256QAMMIMO-B with Integrated SM antenna 4 mi / 6.4 km 2.8 mi / 4.48 km 1.4 mi / 2.24 km 0.9 mi / 1.44 km 0.1 mi / 0.16 km with CLIP that adds 8 dB to SM Range 7.3 mi / 11.68 km 5.2 mi / 8.32 km 2.3 mi / 3.68 km 1 mi / 1.6 km 0.3 mi / 0.48 km with LENS that adds 5 dB to SM Range 7.1 mi / 11.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 35 Link budget details – 2.4 GHz PMP 450 link, 20 MHz Channel Bandwidth Product Range Details Parameter 1x Modulation 2.4GHz Max. LOS Link Budget (no fade margin) 2.4GHz Max. nLOS Link Budget (additional 5 dB link loss) PMP 450 2.4GHz Max. NLOS1 Link Budget (additional 15 dB link loss) 2.4GHz Max. NLOS2 Link Budget (additional 25 dB link loss) 1-78 QPSK-SISO 2x QPSKMIMO-B 4x 16QAMMIMO-B 6x 64QAMMIMO-B 8x 256QAMMIMO-B with Integrated SM antenna 15.2 mi / 24.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 36 Link budget details – 2.4 GHz PMP 450 link, 10 MHz Channel Bandwidth Product Range Details Parameter 1x Modulation 2.4GHz Max. LOS Link Budget (no fade margin) 2.4GHz Max. nLOS Link Budget (additional 5 dB link loss) PMP 450 2.4GHz Max. NLOS1 Link Budget (additional 15 dB link loss) 2.4GHz Max. NLOS2 Link Budget (additional 25 dB link loss) QPSK-SISO 2x QPSKMIMO-B 4x 16QAMMIMO-B 6x 64QAMMIMO-B 8x 256QAMMIMO-B with Integrated SM antenna 24.1 mi / 38.56 km 17.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 37 Link budget details – 2.4 GHz PMP 450 link, 5 MHz Channel Bandwidth Product Range Details Parameter 1x Modulation 2.4GHz Max. LOS Link Budget (no fade margin) 2.4GHz Max. nLOS Link Budget (additional 5 dB link loss) PMP 450 2.4GHz Max. NLOS1 Link Budget (additional 15 dB link loss) 2.4GHz Max. NLOS2 Link Budget (additional 25 dB link loss) 1-80 QPSK-SISO 2x QPSKMIMO-B 4x 16QAMMIMO-B 6x 64QAMMIMO-B 8x 256QAMMIMO-B with Integrated SM antenna 27.1 mi / 43.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 38 Link budget details – 3.5 GHz PMP 450 link, 20 MHz Channel Bandwidth Product Range Details Parameter 1x Modulation 3.5GHz Max. LOS Link Budget (no fade margin) PMP 450 3.5GHz Max. nLOS Link Budget (additional 5 dB link loss) 3.5GHz Max. NLOS1 Link Budget (additional 15 dB link loss) 3.5GHz Max. NLOS2 Link Budget (additional 25 dB link loss) QPSK-SISO 2x QPSKMIMO-B 4x 16QAMMIMO-B 6x 64QAMMIMO-B 8x 256QAMMIMO-B with Integrated SM antenna 11.9 mi / 19.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 39 Link budget details – 3.5 GHz PMP 450 link, 10 MHz Channel Bandwidth Product Range Details Parameter 1x Modulation 3.5GHz Max. LOS Link Budget (no fade margin) PMP 450 3.5GHz Max. nLOS Link Budget (additional 5 dB link loss) 3.5GHz Max. NLOS1 Link Budget (additional 15 dB link loss) 3.5GHz Max. NLOS2 Link Budget (additional 25 dB link loss) 1-82 QPSK-SISO 2x QPSKMIMO-B 4x 16QAMMIMO-B 6x 64QAMMIMO-B 8x 256QAMMIMO-B with Integrated SM antenna 17.2 mi / 27.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 40 Link budget details – 3.5 GHz PMP 450 link, 5 MHz Channel Bandwidth Product Range Details Parameter 1x Modulation 3.5GHz Max. LOS Link Budget (no fade margin) PMP 450 3.5GHz Max. nLOS Link Budget (additional 5 dB link loss) 3.5GHz Max. NLOS1 Link Budget (additional 15 dB link loss) 3.5GHz Max. NLOS2 Link Budget (additional 25 dB link loss) QPSK-SISO 2x QPSKMIMO-B 4x 16QAMMIMO-B 6x 64QAMMIMO-B 8x 256QAMMIMO-B with Integrated SM antenna 20.9 mi / 33.44 km 20.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 41 Link budget details – 3.6 GHz PMP 450 link, 20 MHz Channel Bandwidth Product Range Details Parameter 1x Modulation 3.6GHz Max. LOS Link Budget (no fade margin) PMP 450 3.6GHz Max. nLOS Link Budget (additional 5 dB link loss) 3.6GHz Max. NLOS1 Link Budget (additional 15 dB link loss) 3.6GHz Max. NLOS2 Link Budget (additional 25 dB link loss) 1-84 QPSK-SISO 2x QPSKMIMO-B 4x 16QAMMIMO-B 6x 64QAMMIMO-B 8x 256QAMMIMO-B with Integrated SM antenna 11.9 mi / 19.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 42 Link budget details – 3.6 GHz PMP 450 link, 10 MHz Channel Bandwidth Product Range Details Parameter 1x Modulation 3.6GHz Max. LOS Link Budget (no fade margin) PMP 450 3.6GHz Max. nLOS Link Budget (additional 5 dB link loss) 3.6GHz Max. NLOS1 Link Budget (additional 15 dB link loss) 3.6GHz Max. NLOS2 Link Budget (additional 25 dB link loss) QPSK-SISO 2x QPSKMIMO-B 4x 16QAMMIMO-B 6x 64QAMMIMO-B 8x 256QAMMIMO-B with Integrated SM antenna 17.2 mi / 27.52 km 17.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 43 Link budget details – 3.6 GHz PMP 450 link, 5 MHz Channel Bandwidth Product Range Details Parameter 1x Modulation 3.6GHz Max. LOS Link Budget (no fade margin) PMP 450 3.6GHz Max. nLOS Link Budget (additional 5 dB link loss) 3.6GHz Max. NLOS1 Link Budget (additional 15 dB link loss) 3.6GHz Max. NLOS2 Link Budget (additional 25 dB link loss) 1-86 QPSK-SISO 2x QPSKMIMO-B 4x 16QAMMIMO-B 6x 64QAMMIMO-B 8x 256QAMMIMO-B with Integrated SM antenna 20.9 mi / 33.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 44 Link budget details – 5.8GHz PMP 450 AP and PMP 430 SM link, 20MHz Channel Bandwidth Product Range Details Parameter 1x QPSK-SISO 2x 16-QAM-SISO 3x 64-QAM-SISO with Integrated SM antenna 9.9 mi / 15.84 km 4.4 mi / 7.04 km 1.7 mi / 2.72 km with CLIP that adds 9 dB to SM Range 24.8 mi / 39.68 km 11.1 mi / 17.76 km 4.2 mi / 6.72 km with LENS that adds 5 dB to SM Range 19.7 mi / 31.52 km 8.8 mi / 14.08 km 3.3 mi / 5.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 45 Link budget details – 5.8GHz PMP 450 AP and PMP 430 SM link, 10MHz Channel Bandwidth Product Range Details Parameter 1x 2x 3x QPSK-SISO 16-QAM-SISO 64-QAM-SISO with Integrated SM antenna 12.4 mi / 19.84 km 6.2 mi / 9.92 km 2.4 mi / 3.84 km with CLIP that adds 9 dB to SM Range 31.2 mi / 49.92 km 15.6 mi / 24.96 km 6 mi / 9.6 km with LENS that adds 5 dB to SM Range 24.8 mi / 39.68 km 12.4 mi / 19.84 km 4.8 mi / 7.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 46 Link budget details – 5.8GHz PMP 450 AP and PMP 430 SM link, 5MHz Channel Bandwidth Product Range Details Parameter 1x QPSK-SISO 2x 16-QAM-SISO 3x 64-QAM-SISO with Integrated SM antenna 19.1 mi / 30.56 km 7.6 mi / 12.16 km 3 mi / 4.8 km with CLIP that adds 9 dB to SM Range 40 mi / 64 km 19.1 mi / 30.56 km 7.6 mi / 12.16 km with LENS that adds 5 dB to SM Range 38.2 mi / 61.12 km 15.2 mi / 24.32 km 6 mi / 9.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 47 Link budget details – 5.4GHz PMP 450 AP and PMP 430 SM link, 20MHz Channel Bandwidth Product Range Details Parameter 1x QPSK-SISO 2x 16-QAM-SISO 3x 64-QAM-SISO with Integrated SM antenna 6.3 mi / 10.08 km 2.9 mi / 4.64 km 1 mi / 1.6 km with CLIP that adds 8 dB to SM Range 7.5 mi / 12 km 3.8 mi / 6.08 km 1.7 mi / 2.72 km with LENS that adds 5 dB to SM Range 7.5 mi / 12 km 3.8 mi / 6.08 km 1.7 mi / 2.72 km with Reflector Dish that adds 14 dB to SM Range 7.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 48 Link budget details – 5.4GHz PMP 450 AP and PMP 430 SM link, 10MHz Channel Bandwidth Product Range Details Parameter 1x QPSK-SISO 2x 16-QAM-SISO 3x 64-QAM-SISO with Integrated SM antenna 5.3 mi / 8.48 km 2.7 mi / 4.32 km 1 mi / 1.6 km with CLIP that adds 8 dB to SM Range 7.5 mi / 12 km 3.4 mi / 5.44 km 1.5 mi / 2.4 km with LENS that adds 5 dB to SM Range 7.5 mi / 12 km 3.4 mi / 5.44 km 1.5 mi / 2.4 km with Reflector Dish that adds 14 dB to SM Range 7.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 49 Link budget details – 5.4GHz PMP 450 AP and PMP 430 SM link, 5MHz Channel Bandwidth Product Range Details Parameter 1x QPSK-SISO 2x 16-QAM-SISO 3x 64-QAM-SISO with Integrated SM antenna 6.7 mi / 10.72 km 2.9 mi / 4.64 km 0.9 mi / 1.44 km with CLIP that adds 8 dB to SM Range 7.5 mi / 12 km 3.4 mi / 5.44 km 1.5 mi / 2.4 km with LENS that adds 5.5 dB to SM Range 7.5 mi / 12 km 3.4 mi / 5.44 km 1.5 mi / 2.
PMP 450 Planning Guide SM Range Path loss considerations Path loss is the amount of attenuation the radio signal undergoes between the two ends of the link. Calculating path loss The path loss is the sum of the attenuation of the path if there were no obstacles in the way (Free Space Path Loss), the attenuation caused by obstacles (Excess Path Loss) and a margin to allow for possible fading of the radio signal (Fade Margin).
PMP 450 Planning Guide Understanding Attenuation An RF signal in space is attenuated by atmospheric and other effects as a function of the distance from the initial transmission point. The further a reception point is placed from the transmission point, the weaker is the received RF signal. Calculating Link Loss The link loss is the total attenuation of the wireless signal between two point-to-multipoint units.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Calculating Fade Margin Free space path loss is a major determinant in Rx (received) signal level. Rx signal level, in turn, is a major factor in the system operating margin (fade margin), which is calculated as follows: system operating margin (fade margin) dB =Rx signal level dB − Rx sensitivity dB Thus, fade margin is the difference between strength of the received signal and the strength that the receiver requires for maintaining a reliable link.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Analyzing the spectrum To use the built-in spectrum analyzer functionality of the SM (or AP that is temporarily configured as an SM for spectrum analysis via the AP’s GUI) proceed as follows: Procedure 3 Analyzing the spectrum 1 Predetermine a power source and interface that will work for the SM in the area you want to analyze. 2 Take the SM, power source, and interface device to the area. 3 Access the Tools web page of the SM.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Anticipating Reflection of Radio Waves In the signal path, any object that is larger than the wavelength of the signal can reflect the signal. Such an object can even be the surface of the earth or of a river, bay, or lake. The wavelength of the signal is approximately • 2 inches for 2.4, 3.5GHz, 3.6 GHz, 5.4-GHz and 5.8-GHz signals. A reflected signal can arrive at the antenna of the receiver later than the non-reflected signal arrives.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Multiple OFDM Access Point Clusters When deploying multiple AP clusters in a dense area, consider aligning the clusters as shown below. However, this is only a recommendation. An installation may dictate a different pattern of channel assignments. Figure 18 Example layout of 16 Access Point sectors (ABCD), 90 degree sectors An example for assignment of frequency channels is provided in the following table.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Figure 19 Example layout of 16 Access Point sectors (ABC), 60 degree sectors An example for assignment of frequency channels and sector IDs is provided in the following table. See section Network migration planning on page 1-58 for more information on migrating to a PMP 450 network. Table 51 Example 5.8-GHz OFDM channel assignment by sector Symbol Frequency A 5.740 GHz B 5.760 GHz C 5.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Planning for co-location and using the OFDM Frame Calculator Tool The first step to avoid interference in wireless systems is to set all APs to receive timing from a synchronization source (Cluster Management Module, or Universal Global Positioning System). This ensures that the modules are in sync and start transmitting at the same time each frame.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Figure 20 OFDM Frame Calculator tab In the Frame Calculator tab, you can set the following parameters. Table 52 OFDM Frame Calculator tab attributes Attribute Meaning Link Mode For AP to SM frame calculations, select Multipoint Link Platform Type AP/BHM Use the drop-down list to select the hardware series (board type) of the AP. Platform Type SM/BHS Use the drop-down list to select the hardware series (board type) of the SM.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Attribute Meaning Downlink Data Initially set this parameter to the same value that the AP has for its Downlink Data parameter (percentage). Then, as you use the Frame Calculator tool in Procedure 4, you will vary the value in this parameter to find the proper value to write into the Downlink Data parameter of all APs in the cluster. PMP 450 Series APs offer a range of 15% to 85%, and default to 75%.
PMP 450 Planning Guide To use the Frame Calculator to ensure that all APs are configured to transmit and receive at the same time, follow the procedure below: Procedure 4 Using the Frame Calculator 1 Populate the OFDM Frame Calculator parameters with appropriate values as described above. 2 Click the Calculate button.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Visual line of sight does not guarantee radio line of sight. Surveying Sites Factors to survey at potential sites include • what pre-existing wireless equipment exists at the site. (Perform spectrum analysis.) • whether available mounting positions exist near the lowest elevation that satisfies line of site, coverage, and other link criteria.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Calculating the Aim Angles The proper angle of tilt can be calculated as a factor of both the difference in elevation and the distance that the link spans. Even in this case, a plumb line and a protractor can be helpful to ensure the proper tilt. This tilt is typically minimal.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Diagramming Network Layouts Avoiding Self Interference The following section includes information maximizing tower performance by minimizing self-interference. Physical Proximity Two AP clusters co-located on the same tower require a CMM. The CMM properly synchronizes the transmit start times of all modules to prevent interference and de-sensing of the modules. At closer distances without GPS synchronization, the frame structures cause self-interference.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Avoiding Other Interference Where signal strength cannot dominate noise levels, the network experiences • packet errors and retransmissions. • lower throughput (because bandwidth is consumed by retransmissions) and high latency (due to resends). Regular spectrum analysis is critical to RF planning.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Grounding and lightning protection This section describes the grounding and lightning protection requirements of a PMP 450 installation. Electro-magnetic discharge (lightning) damage is not covered under warranty. The recommendations in this guide, when followed correctly, give the user the best protection from the harmful effects of EMD. However 100% protection is neither implied nor possible.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Lightning protection zones The ‘rolling sphere method’ (Figure 22) is used to determine where it is safe to mount equipment. An imaginary sphere, typically 50 meters in radius, is rolled over the structure. Where the sphere rests against the ground and a strike termination device (such as a finial or ground bar), all the space under the sphere is considered to be in the zone of protection (Zone B).
PMP 450 Planning Guide General protection requirements To adequately protect a PMP 450 installation, both ground bonding and transient voltage surge suppression are required. Basic requirements The following basic protection requirements must be implemented: • The equipment must be in ‘Zone B’ (see Lightning protection zones on page 1-109). • The AP must be grounded to the supporting structure. • A surge suppression unit (600SS) must be installed close to the SM.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Protection requirements for a mast or tower installation If the AP or SM is to be mounted on a metal tower or mast, then in addition to the general protection requirements (above), the following requirements must be observed: • The equipment must be lower than the top of the tower or its lightning air terminal. • The metal tower or mast must be correctly grounded.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Protection requirements for a wall installation If the SM is to be mounted on the wall of a building, then in addition to the general protection requirements (above), the following requirements must be observed: • The equipment must be lower than the top of the building or its lightning air terminal. • The building must be correctly grounded. Schematic examples of wall installations are shown in Figure 25.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Protection requirements on a high rise building If the AP is to be mounted on a high rise building, it is likely that cable entry is at roof level ( pmp-0047 (March 2014) 1-113
PMP 450 Planning Guide Figure 26) and the equipment room is several floors below (Figure 27). The following additional requirements must be observed: 1-114 • The AP must be below the lightning terminals and finials. • A grounding conductor must be installed around the roof perimeter, to form the main roof perimeter lightning protection ring. • Air terminals are typically installed along the length of the main roof perimeter lightning protection ring typically every 6.1m (20ft).
PMP 450 Planning Guide Figure 26 Grounding and lightning protection on building Error! No topic specified. Protection inside a high rise building The following protection requirements must be observed inside multi-story or high rise buildings (Figure 27): • The drop cable shield must be bonded to the building grounding system at the entry point to the building. • The drop cable shield must be bonded to the building grounding system at the entry point to the equipment area.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Configuration options for TDD synchronization The PMP 450 system uses Time Division Duplexing (TDD) - one channel alternately transmits and receives rather than using one channel for transmitting and a second channel for receiving. To accomplish TDD, the AP must provide sync to its SMs – it must keep them in sync.
PMP 450 Planning Guide GPS synchronization The Navigation Satellite Timing and Ranging (NAVSTAR) Global Positioning System (GPS) use 24 satellites to relay information for precise derivation of position and time. The cluster management module (CMM) contains a Cambium GPS Receiver. The CMM is a critical element in the operation of the system. At one AP cluster site or throughout an entire wireless system, the CMM provides a GPS timing pulse to each module, synchronizing the network transmission cycles.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Figure 28 One unsynchronized AP in cluster resulting in self-interference Time The result is self-interference. In this scenario, the self-interference can be avoided only by synchronizing the TDD transmit cycles of all APs that operate in the same frequency band. An AP that is isolated by at least 5 miles (8 km) from any other equipment can generate and pass sync pulse without GPS timing and not risk that interference will result from the generated sync.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Mounting the GPS receiver (CMM or UGPS) module on the equipment building If mounting the GPS receiver on the equipment building, select a position on the wall that meets the following requirements: • It must be below the roof height of the equipment building or below the height of any roof-mounted equipment (such as air conditioning plant). • It must be below the lightning air terminals. • It must not project more than 600mm (24 inches) from the wall of the building.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Data network planning This section describes factors to be considered when planning PMP 450 data networks. Understanding addresses A basic understanding of Internet Protocol (IP) address and subnet mask concepts is required for engineering your IP network. IP address The IP address is a 32-bit binary number that has four parts (octets). This set of four octets has two segments, depending on the class of IP address. The first segment identifies the network.
PMP 450 Planning Guide DNS Client The DNS Client is used to resolve names of management servers within the operator’s management domain (see Figure 30). This feature allows hostname configuration for NTP servers, Authorization Servers, DHCP relay servers, and SNMP trap servers. Operators may choose to either enter in the FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name) for the host name or to manually enter the IP addresses of the servers.
PMP 450 Planning Guide In the Cambium system, NAT supports many protocols, including HTTP, ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocols), and FTP (File Transfer Protocol). For virtual private network (VPN) implementation, L2TP over IPSec (Level 2 Tunneling Protocol over IP Security) and PPTP (Point to Point Tunneling Protocol) are supported. When NAT is enabled, a reduction in throughput is introduced at the SM (due to processing overhead).
PMP 450 Planning Guide The IP address is essential for data delivery through a router interface. Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) correlates MAC addresses to IP addresses. For communications to outside the network segment, ARP reads the network gateway address of the router and translates it into the MAC address of the router. Then the communication is sent to MAC address (physical network interface card) of the router. For each router between the sending module and the destination, this sequence applies.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Translation bridging Optionally, you can configure the AP to change the source MAC address in every packet it receives from its SMs to the MAC address of the SM that bridged the packet, before forwarding the packet toward the public network. If you do, then • not more than 10 IP devices at any time are valid to send data to the AP from behind the SM.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Special case VLAN numbers This system handles special case VLAN numbers according to IEEE specifications: Table 54 Special case VLAN IDs VLAN Number Purpose Usage Constraint 0 These packets have 802.1p priority, but are otherwise handled as untagged. Should not be used as a management VLAN. 1 Although not noted as special case by IEEE specifications, these packets identify traffic that was untagged upon ingress into the SM and should remain untagged upon egress.
PMP 450 Planning Guide PMP modules provide the VLAN frame filters that are described in Table 55.
PMP 450 Planning Guide VLAN settings can also cause the module to convert received non-VLAN packets into VLAN packets. In this case, the 802.1p priority in packets leaving the module is set to the priority established by the DiffServ configuration. If you enable VLAN, immediately monitor traffic to ensure that the results are as desired. For example, highpriority traffic may block low-priority. Q-in-Q DVLAN (Double-VLAN) Tagging (802.1ad) PMP modules can be configured with 802.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Security planning This section describes how to plan for PMP 450 networks to operate in secure mode. Isolating APs from the Internet Ensure that the IP addresses of the APs in your network • are not routable over the Internet. • do not share the subnet of the IP address of your user. RFC 1918, Address Allocation for Private Subnets, reserves for private IP networks three blocks of IP addresses that are not routable over the Internet: • /8 subnets have one reserved network, 10.
PMP 450 Planning Guide • GUEST, who has no write permissions and only a limited view of General Status tab From the factory default state, configure passwords for both the root and admin account at the ADMINISTRATOR permission level, using the Account => Change Users Password tab. (If you configure only one of these, then the other will still require no password for access into it and thus remain a security risk.) If you are intent on configuring only one of them, delete the admin account.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Tools Accounts Quick Start Copyright Logoff 1-130 Filter ARP Overload DHCP Relay Pass Through Statistics DNS Statistics Link Capacity Test OFDM Frame Calculator Subscriber Configuration Link Status Remote Spectrum Analyzer Sessions DNS Test AP Sessions AP Authentication State Machine Log AP Authorization State Machine Log EAP Radius Log User Authentication And Access Tracking Change User Password Add User Delete User Quick Start Region Settings Radio Carrier Frequency Synchroniz
PMP 450 Planning Guide Table 58 Identity-based user account permissions - SM Menu Menu Tab ADMIN INSTALLER TECH Home General Status Event Log Network Interface Layer2 Neighbors Configuration General IP Radio SNMP Quality of Service (QoS) Security VLAN VLAN Membership DiffServ Protocol Filtering Port Configuration NAT PPPoE NAT Port Mapping Syslog Unit Settings Statistics Scheduler Bridge Control Block Bridging Table Translation Table Ethernet Radio VLAN Data VC Filter NAT Stats NAT DHCP ARP Overload
PMP 450 Planning Guide Tools Logs Accounts PDA Copyright Logoff Spectrum Analyzer Alignment Link Capacity Test AP Evaluation OFDM Frame Calculator BER Results Alignment Tool Link Status DNS Test NAT Table SM Session SM Authentication SM Authorization PPPoE Session Log EAP Radius Log User Authentication and Access Tracking Change User Password Add User Delete User Quick Status Spectrum Results (PDA) Information AP Evaluation AIM Copyright Notices Filtering protocols and ports You can filter (block) sp
PMP 450 Planning Guide Port Filtering with NAT Enabled Where NAT is enabled on the SM, you can filter only the three user-defined ports. The following are example situations in which you can configure port filtering where NAT is enabled. • To block a subscriber from using FTP, you can filter Ports 20 and 21 (the FTP ports) for both the TCP and UDP protocols. • To block a subscriber from access to SNMP, you can filter Ports 161 and 162 (the SNMP ports) for both the TCP and UDP protocols.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Figure 32 Categorical protocol filtering BootP Server BootP Client IPv4 Multica st SNMP All Other IPv4 User Defined Port 1 SMB User Defined Port 2 User Defined Port 3 ARP PPPoE All Others The following are example situations in which you can configure protocol filtering where NAT is disabled: 1-134 • If you block a subscriber from only PPoE and SNMP, then the subscriber retains access to all other protocols and all ports.
PMP 450 Planning Guide The ports that are filtered as a result of protocol selections in the Protocol Filtering tab of the SM are listed in Table 59.
PMP 450 Planning Guide • Block and Forward SM Packets to Backbone. This not only prevents multicast/broadcast and unicast SMto-SM communication but also sends the packets, which otherwise would have been handled SM to SM, through the Ethernet port of the AP. In the CMMmicro and the CMM4, SM isolation treatment is the result of how you choose to manage the portbased VLAN feature of the embedded switch, where you can switch all traffic from any AP to an uplink port that you specify.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Planning for airlink security Cambium fixed wireless broadband IP systems employ the following form of encryption for security of the wireless link: • DES (Data Encryption Standard): An over-the-air link encryption option that uses secret 56-bit keys and 8 parity bits. DES performs a series of bit permutations, substitutions, and recombination operations on blocks of data. DES encryption does not affect the performance or throughput of the system.
PMP 450 Planning Guide • SM Accounting provides support for RADIUS accounting messages for usage-based billing. This accounting includes indications for subscriber session establishment, subscriber session disconnection, and bandwidth usage per session for each SM that connects to the AP.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Ordering components This section describes how to select components for PMP 450 Greenfield network or PMP 450 network migration. It specifies Cambium part numbers for PMP 450 components. PMP 450 component part numbers Table 61 PMP 450 components Part Number Product Description Sales Models C024045A001A 2.4 GHz PMP 450 Connectorized Access Point, US/Canada Only, AES C024045A002A 2.4 GHz PMP 450 Connectorized Access Point, US/Canada Only, DES C024045C001A 2.
PMP 450 Planning Guide C035045C005A 3.5 GHz PMP 450 Connectorized Subscriber Module, 4 Mbps C035045C006A 3.5 GHz PMP 450 Connectorized Subscriber Module, 10 Mbps C035045C007A 3.5 GHz PMP 450 Connectorized Subscriber Module, 20 Mbps C035045C008A 3.5 GHz PMP 450 Connectorized Subscriber Module, Uncapped C036045A001A 3.6 GHz PMP 450 Connectorized Access Point, US/Canada Only, AES C036045A002A 3.6 GHz PMP 450 Connectorized Access Point, US/Canada Only, DES C036045C001A 3.
PMP 450 Planning Guide C030045D901A 3.5 GHz and 3.6 GHz Dual Slant Antenna for 90 Degree Sector 30009406002 N-type to N-type cable (16 inch length) AP Optional Equipment ACPSSW-20A POWER SUPPLY,20W, 29.5V, 100-240VAC/50-60HZ ACPSSW-21A POWER SUPPLY,20W,29.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Upgrade Keys C000045K002A PMP 450 4 TO 10 MBPS UPGRADE KEY C000045K003A PMP 450 4 TO 20 MBPS UPGRADE KEY C000045K004A PMP 450 4 TO Uncapped UPGRADE KEY C000045K005A PMP 450 10 TO 20 MBPS UPGRADE KEY C000045K006A PMP 450 10 TO Uncapped MBPS UPGRADE KEY C000045K007A PMP 450 20 TO Uncapped MBPS UPGRADE KEY Extended Warranty SG00TS4009A PMP450 AP Extended Warranty, 1 Additional Year SG00TS4017A PMP450 AP Extended Warranty, 2 Additional Years SG00TS4025A PMP450 AP Extende
PMP 450 Planning Guide C024045C004A 2.4 GHz PMP 450 Subscriber Module, Uncapped C024045C005A 2.4 GHz PMP 450 Connectorized Subscriber Module, 4 Mbps C024045C006A 2.4 GHz PMP 450 Connectorized Subscriber Module, 10 Mbps C024045C007A 2.4 GHz PMP 450 Connectorized Subscriber Module, 20 Mbps C024045C008A 2.4 GHz PMP 450 Connectorized Subscriber Module, Uncapped C035045A001A 3.5 GHz PMP 450 Connectorized Access Point, US/Canada Only, AES C035045A002A 3.
PMP 450 Planning Guide C036045C008A 3.
PMP 450 Planning Guide SM Optional Equipment ACPSSW-09B POWER SUPPLY,13.6W, 29.5V, 100-240VAC/50-60HZ ACPSSW-10B POWER SUPPLY,13.6W,29.5V,100-240VAC/50-60HZ+ARG ACPSSW-11B POWER SUPPLY, 13.6W,29.5V,100-240VAC/50-60HZ+AUS ACPSSW-12C POWER SUPPLY,ASSY,P/S,29.5V90-240VAC/50-60HZ PS ACPSSW-13B POWER SUPPLY,13.6W,29.5V,100-240/50-60+FIXED US ACPSSW-14A POWER SUPPLY,13.6W,29.
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PMP 450 Planning Guide Chapter 2: List of Tables Legal information This chapter provides legal notices including software license agreements. Intentional or unintentional changes or modifications to the equipment must not be made unless under the express consent of the party responsible for compliance. Any such modifications could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment and will void the manufacturer’s warranty.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Cambium Networks end user license agreement Acceptance of this agreement In connection with Cambium’s delivery of certain proprietary software or products containing embedded or preloaded proprietary software, or both, Cambium is willing to license this certain proprietary software and the accompanying documentation to you only on the condition that you accept all the terms in this End User License Agreement (“Agreement”).
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary 2. You will use the Software and Documentation (i) only for your internal business purposes; (ii) only as described in the Software and Documentation; and (iii) in strict accordance with this Agreement. 3. You may use the Software and Documentation, provided that the use is in conformance with the terms set forth in this Agreement. 4.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Confidentiality You acknowledge that all Software and Documentation contain valuable proprietary information and trade secrets and that unauthorized or improper use of the Software and Documentation will result in irreparable harm to Cambium for which monetary damages would be inadequate and for which Cambium will be entitled to immediate injunctive relief.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Maintenance Except as provided above, Cambium is not responsible for maintenance or field service of the Software under this Agreement. Disclaimer CAMBIUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, WHETHER EXPRESS, IMPLIED, STATUTORY, OR IN ANY COMMUNICATION WITH YOU. CAMBIUM SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTY INCLUDING THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILTY, NONINFRINGEMENT, OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE SOFTWARE AND DOCUMENTATION ARE PROVIDED “AS IS.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary U.S. government If you are acquiring the Product on behalf of any unit or agency of the U.S. Government, the following applies. Use, duplication, or disclosure of the Software and Documentation is subject to the restrictions set forth in subparagraphs (c) (1) and (2) of the Commercial Computer Software – Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52.22719 (JUNE 1987), if applicable, unless being provided to the Department of Defense.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Entire agreement This agreement contains the parties’ entire agreement regarding your use of the Software and may be amended only in writing signed by both parties, except that Cambium may modify this Agreement as necessary to comply with applicable laws. Third party software The software may contain one or more items of Third-Party Software supplied by other third-party suppliers.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Modernizr Copyright Notice MIT License Copyright © 2009-2010 Faruk Ates Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary • Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. • The name Michael Bostock may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Hardware warranty Cambium’s standard hardware warranty is for one (1) year from date of shipment from Cambium or a Cambium Point-To-Point Distributor. Cambium warrants that hardware will conform to the relevant published specifications and will be free from material defects in material and workmanship under normal use and service.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Limit of liability IN NO EVENT SHALL CAMBIUM NETWORKS BE LIABLE TO YOU OR ANY OTHER PARTY FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, EXEMPLARY OR OTHER DAMAGE ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PRODUCT (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS PROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, LOSS OF BUSINESS INFORMATION OR ANY OTHER PECUNIARY LOSS, OR FROM ANY BREACH OF WARRANTY, EVEN IF CAMBIUM HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY O
PMP 450 Planning Guide Chapter 3: Glossary Reference information This chapter contains reference information and regulatory notices that apply to the PMP 450 Series products. The following topics are described in this chapter: • Equipment specifications on page 3-2 contains specifications of the AP, SM and other equipment required for PMP 450 installations.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Equipment specifications This section contains specifications of the AP, SM, associated supplies required for PMP 450 installations. AP specifications The PMP 450 AP conforms to the specifications listed in Table 62. These specifications apply to all PMP 450 product variants (except where noted). Table 62 Connectorized AP physical specifications Category Specification Product Model Number 2.4 GHz C024045A001A, C024045A003A 3.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Category Specification Network Management HTTP, FTP, SNMP v2c, Syslog VLAN 802.1ad (DVLAN Q-inQ), 802.1Q with 802.1p priority, dynamic port VID Performance Nominal Receive Sensitivity (w/ FEC) @ 5 MHz Channel, Single Branch Nominal Receive Sensitivity (w/ FEC) @ 10 MHz Channel, Single Branch Nominal Receive Sensitivity (w/ FEC) @ 20 MHz Channel, Single Branch 2.4 GHz OFDM: 1x = -91 dBm, 2x = -91 dBm, 4x = -86 dBm, 6x = -78 dBm, 8x = 68 dBm 3.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Category Maximum Deployment Range Glossary Specification 2.4 GHz Up to 64 km (40 mi) 3.5 GHz Up to 64 km (40 mi) 3.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Category Specification Antenna Connection 50 ohm, N-type Environmental IP67 Temperature -40ºC to +55ºC (-40ºF to +131ºF) Weight 2.4 GHz 15 kg (33 lbs) with antenna 2.5 kg (5.5 lbs) without antenna 3.5 GHz 15 kg (33 lbs) with antenna 2.5 kg (5.5 lbs) without antenna 3.6 GHz 15 kg (33 lbs) with antenna 2.5 kg (5.5 lbs) without antenna 5 GHz 5.9 kg (13 lbs) with antenna 2.5 kg (5.5 lbs) without antenna Dimensions (H x W x D) 2.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Category Specification CE EN 301 893 v1.6.1 (5.4 GHz) EN 302 502 v1.2.1 (5.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary SM specifications The PMP 450 SM conforms to the specifications listed in Table 63. These specifications apply to all PMP 450 product variants. Table 63 SM physical specifications Category Specification Product Model Number 2.4 GHz C024045C001A, C024045C002A, C024045C003A, C024045C004A, C024045C005A, C024045C006A, C024045C007A, C024045C008A 3.5 GHz C035045C001A, C035045C002A, C035045C003A, C035045C004A, C035045C005A, C035045C006A, C035045C007A, C035045C008A 3.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Category Specification VLAN 802.1ad (DVLAN Q-in-Q), 802.1Q with 802.1p priority, dynamic port VID Performance Maximum Deployment Range 2.4 GHz Up to 64 km (40 mi) with reflector dish 3.5 GHz Up to 40 km (25 mi) with reflector dish 3.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Category Specification LENS Gain (5 GHz only) +5.5 dBi Physical Wind Loading 190 km/hour (118 mi/hour) Environmental IP55 Temperature -40ºC to +55ºC (-40ºF to +131ºF) Weight 0.45 kg (1 lb) Dimensions (H x W x D) 30 x 9 x 9 cm (11.75” x 3.4” x 3.4”) Maximum Power Consumption 12 W Input Voltage 20 - 32 VDC Security Encryption 56-bit DES, AES Certifications FCC ID Z8H89FT0001 (5.4, 5.8 GHz) Z8H89FT0003 (2.4 GHz) Z8H89FT0009 (3.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Wireless specifications This section contains specifications of the PMP 450 wireless interface. These specifications include RF bands, channel bandwidth, spectrum settings, maximum power and link loss. General wireless specifications Table 64 lists the wireless specifications that apply to all PMP 450 variants. Table 64 PMP 450 wireless specifications Item Specification Channel selection Manual selection (fixed frequency).
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Data network specifications This section contains specifications of the PMP 450 Ethernet interface. Ethernet interface The PMP 450 Ethernet port conforms to the specifications listed in Table 65. Table 65 PMP 450 Ethernet bridging specifications Ethernet Bridging Specification Protocol IEEE 802.3 compatible QoS IEEE 802.1p, IEEE 802.1Q, IEEE 802.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Compliance with safety standards This section lists the safety specifications against which the PMP 450 has been tested and certified. It also describes how to keep RF exposure within safe limits. Electrical safety compliance The PMP 450 hardware has been tested for compliance to the electrical safety specifications listed in Table 66. Table 66 PMP 450 safety compliance specifications Region Specification USA UL 60950 Canada CSA C22.2 No.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Human exposure to radio frequency energy Standards Relevant standards (USA and EC) applicable when working with RF equipment are: • ANSI IEEE C95.1-1991, IEEE Standard for Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, 3 kHz to 300 GHz. • Council recommendation of 12 July 1999 on the limitation of exposure of the general public to electromagnetic fields (0 Hz to 300 GHz) (1999/519/EC) and respective national regulations.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Calculation of power density The following calculation is based on the ANSI IEEE C95.1-1991 method, as that provides a worst case analysis. Details of the assessment to EN50383:2002 can be provided, if required. Peak power density in the far field of a radio frequency point source is calculated as follows: S= P .
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Table 68 Power Compliance Margins Frequency Antenna Band Variable P 5 GHz OFDM G S Integrated SM, 9 dBi patch 0.158 W (22 dBm) 7.9 (9 dB) 10 W/m2 Integrated SM, 9 dBi patch with 8 dBi CLIP 0.158 W (22 dBm) 50 (17 dB) 10 W/m2 Integrated SM, 9 dBi patch with 5.5 dBi LENS 0.158 W (22 dBm) 28 (14.5 dB) 10 W/m2 Integrated SM, 9 dBi patch with 14 dBi Reflector Dish 0.158 W (22 dBm) 199 (23 dB) 10 W/m2 Integrated SM, 8 dBi patch 0.158 W (22 dBm) 6.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Compliance with radio regulations This section describes how the PMP 450 complies with the radio regulations that are enforced in various countries. Changes or modifications not expressly approved by Cambium could void the user’s authority to operate the system. Type approvals This system has achieved Type Approval in various countries around the world. This means that the system has been tested against various local technical regulations and found to comply.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary DFS for 5.4 GHz Radios Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS) is a requirement in several countries and regions for 5 GHz unlicensed systems to detect radar systems and avoid co-channel operation.
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PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Table 70 OFDM DFS operation based on Country Code setting Region Asia Oceania Europe South America Country Band AP SM Vietnam 5.4-GHz ETSI EN 301 893 v1.6.1 DFS ETSI EN 301 893 v1.6.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Region Country Regulatory Glossary Band AP SM 5.4-GHz FCC DFS FCC DFS 5.8-GHz No effect No effect 5.4-GHz ETSI EN 301 893 v1.6.1 DFS ETSI EN 301 893 v1.6.1 DFS No 5.8-GHz ETSI EN 302 502 v1.2.1 DFS ETSI EN 302 502 v1.2.1 DFS No Other-ETSI Weather Radar NotchOut Country Codes and available spectrum The following tables list the Country Codes available on PMP 450 AP and SM units.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Table 71 Center channel details based on Country Code, 2.4 GHz OFDM Radio Model Country PMP 450 Series AP, 2.4GHz PMP 450 Series SM, 2.4GHz, internal Patch Antenna United States, Canada, OtherFCC PMP 450 Series SM, 2.
PMP 450 Planning Guide – 1dB cable loss) Glossary 5 MHz Channel 10 MHz Channel 20 MHz Channel Bandwidth (dBm) Bandwidth (dBm) Bandwidth (dBm) Canada 17 19 United 17 19 36 36 19 19 36 19 36 Canada 36 19 36 United States States Lower Band Edge Frequency Path A Max TX (MHz) Power Path B Max TX Power 5 MHz 2402.5 16 16 10 MHz 2405 15 14 20 MHz 2417.5 15 15 5 MHz 2402.5 15 15 10 MHz 2405 15 15 20 MHz 2417.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Size Level 1 Glossary (MHz) Level 2 Frequencies Channel Channels (based overlapping center Available (MHz) Spacing on PMP 450 channels (based on available range) PMP 450 available range) Other-ETSI (Any country that Other follows ETSI rules) India Asia Indonesia China Oceania Australia 5 MHz 10 MHz 3402.5 – 3597.5 3400 – 3600 9 5 MHz 3302.5 – 3597.5 5900 59 5800 29 10 MHz 3300 – 3600 5600 14 5 MHz 3302.5 – 3397.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Region Code Level 1 Level 2 Channel Band Edges Size (MHz) Range of Center Center Frequencies Channel Available (MHz) Spacing # of Center Channels (based on PMP 450 available range) # of Nonoverlapping center channels (based on PMP 450 available range) Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Norway, 20 MHz 3410 - 3590 3600 9 Portugal, Serbia, Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom) 3-24 pmp-0047 (March 2014)
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Device Country Limit AP EIRP Default TX Combined Limit AP EIRP Default TX Combined Limit AP EIRP Gain (dBi) Default Antenna TX Country Combined Table 74 AP default combined transmit power per Country Code – 3.5 GHz band.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Table 75 Center channel details based on Country Code, 3.6 GHz Region Code Channel Size Level 1 Level 2 Band Edges (MHz) 5 MHz Other Other - ETSI (Any country that Other follows ETSI rules) Other – FCC India 10 MHz Range of Center Center Frequencies Channel Available (MHz) Spacing 3552.5 – 3797.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Region Code Channel Size Level 1 Level 2 Europe (Denmark, Finland, France, Band Edges (MHz) Range of Center Center Frequencies Channel Available (MHz) Spacing # of Center # of Non-overlapping Channels (based on center channels PMP 450 available (based on PMP 450 range) available range) 20 MHz 3660 – 3690 600 0.5 5 MHz 3552.5 – 3797.5 4900 48 4800 23 4600 10.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Australia Device Country Limit AP EIRP Default TX Combined Limit AP EIRP Default TX Combined Limit AP EIRP Gain (dBi) Default Antenna TX Country Combined Table 76 AP default combined transmit power per Country Code – 3.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Table 77 Center channel details based on Country Code, 5.4 GHz OFDM Radio Model Country Code Brazil PMP 450 Series AP, 5.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Table 78 Center channel details based on Country Code, 5.8 GHz OFDM Radio Model Country Channel Size Denmark, Norway, United Kingdom, Finland 10 MHz Germany Switzerland, Liechtenstein Canada, United States 3-30 10 5760 – 5870 45 12 5765 – 5865 41 6 5730- 5790; 5820 – 5850 39 5735 – 5785; 5825 – 5845 31 5730 – 5790 25 7 5735 – 5785 21 3 57 15 5735 – 5865 53 7 5730 – 5790; 5820 – 5870 47 5735 – 5785; 5825 – 5865 39 5727.5 – 5847.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Brazil, Vietnam Indonesia Glossary 10 MHz 5830 - 5870 17 5 20 MHz 5835 - 5865 13 2 5 MHz 5727.5 – 5847.5 49 25 5730 – 5845 47 12 20 MHz 5735 - 5840 43 6 5 MHz 5727.5 – 5822.5 39 20 5730 – 5820 37 10 5735 - 5815 33 5 10 MHz 5725 – 5850 10 MHz 5725 - 5825 20 MHz Table 79 Default combined transmit power per Country Code – 5.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Antenna Gain (dBi) Country (18 dBi – 1dB cable loss) Austria, Belgium, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, France, , Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Glossary Combined TX Default Setting AP EIRP Limit 10 MHz Channel Bandwidth (dBm) Combined TX Default Setting AP EIRP Limit 20 MHz Channel Bandwidth (dBm) Device Country Code Setting 17 10 27 ††††††† 13 30 Other-
PMP 450 Planning Guide Antenna Gain (dBi) Country (18 dBi – Glossary Combined TX Default Setting Combined TX Default Setting 10 MHz Channel Bandwidth (dBm) 1dB cable loss) Other AP EIRP Limit 17 20 MHz Channel Bandwidth (dBm) No EIRP / Conducted power limit 19 AP EIRP Limit Device Country Code Setting No EIRP / Conducted power limit 19 Other (18 dBi – 1dB cable loss) 5 MHz Channel Bandwidth (dBm) 10 MHz Channel Bandwidth (dBm) Limit AP EIRP Setting Default TX Combined Limit AP E
(18 dBi – 1dB cable loss) United Kingdom 17 United States 17 Vietnam 17 5 MHz Channel Bandwidth (dBm) 19 7 36 24 10 MHz Channel Bandwidth (dBm) Limit AP EIRP Setting Default TX Combined Limit AP EIRP Setting Default TX Combined Limit AP EIRP Default Antenna Gain (dBi) TX Country Code Glossary Combined PMP 450 Planning Guide Device Country Code Setting 20 MHz Channel Bandwidth (dBm) 16 33 19 36 United Kingdom 19 36 19 36 United States 27 13 30 Vietnam 10 After
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary To simplify operation and ensure compliance, an SM takes on the DFS type of the AP to which it registers. For example, when an SM in Europe registers to an AP with the Country Code set to “United Kingdom”, that SM will use ETSI DFS, no matter what its Country Code is set to, even if its Country Code is set to “None”.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary FCC compliance testing With GPS synchronization installed, the system has been tested for compliance to US (FCC) specifications. It has been shown to comply with the limits for emitted spurious radiation for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules in the USA. These limits have been designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference.
PMP 450 Planning Guide FCC ID Industry Canada Cert Number Module Families Glossary Frequencies Antenna (OFDM) Maximum Combined Tx Output Power 20 MHz channels, centered on 3460 – 3640 in 50 kHz increments (within the 3300 – 3600 MHz ISM band) 109W-0008 PMP 450 AP 3.5-GHz 10 MHz channels, centered on 3455 – 3645 in 50 kHz increments (within the 3300 – 3600 MHz ISM band) 17 dBi Connectorized 25 dBm 5 MHz channels, centered on 3452.5 3647.
PMP 450 Planning Guide FCC ID Industry Canada Cert Number Module Families Glossary Frequencies Antenna (OFDM) Maximum Combined Tx Output Power 10 MHz channels, centered on 57305845 in 2.5 MHz increments (within the 5725-5850 MHz ISM band) 5 MHz channels, centered on 5725-5850 in 2.5 MHz increments (within the 57255850 MHz ISM band) 20 MHz channels, centered on 5480 – 5590; 5660 – 5715 in 2.5 MHz increments (within the 5470 – 5600; 5650 – 5725 MHz UNII band) Z8H89FT0002 109W-0002 PMP 450 AP 5.
PMP 450 Planning Guide FCC ID Industry Canada Cert Number Module Families Glossary Frequencies 3645 in 50 kHz increments (within the 3300 – 3600 MHz ISM band) 5 MHz channels, centered on 3452.5 3647.5 in 50 kHz increments (within the 3300 – 3600 MHz ISM band) 20 MHz channels, centered on 3560 – 3690 in 50 kHz increments (within the 3550 – 3800 MHz ISM band) Z8H89FT0009 109W-0009 PMP 450 SM 3.
PMP 450 Planning Guide FCC ID Industry Canada Cert Number Module Families Glossary Frequencies Antenna (OFDM) Maximum Combined Tx Output Power 9 dBi Integrated with 5.5 dBi LENS 9 dBi Integrated with 8 dBi CLIP 9 dBi Integrated 5 MHz channels, centered on 5725-5845 in 2.5 MHz increments (within the 57255850 MHz ISM band) 9 dBi Integrated with 14 dBi Reflector Dish 9 dBi Integrated with 5.
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PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Notifications This section contains notifications of compliance with the radio regulations that are enforced in various regions. PMP 450 regulatory compliance The PMP 450 complies with the regulations that are enforced in the USA and Canada. The relevant notifications are specified in this section. PMP 450 FCC and IC notification U.S. Federal Communication Commission (FCC) and Industry Canada (IC) Notification.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the US FCC Rules and with RSS-210 of Industry Canada. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Equipment Disposal Waste (Disposal) of Electronic and Electric Equipment Please do not dispose of Electronic and Electric Equipment or Electronic and Electric Accessories with your household waste. In some countries or regions, collection systems have been set up to handle waste of electrical and electronic equipment.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary A European Commission decision, implemented by Member States on 31 October 2005, makes the frequency band 5470-5725 MHz available in all EU Member States for wireless access systems. Under this decision, the designation of Canopy 5.4GHz products become “Class 1 devices” and these do not require notification under article 6, section 4 of the R&TTE Directive. Consequently, these 5.4GHz products are only marked with the symbol and may be used in any member state.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Italy Notification In Italy, there is a regulation which requires a general authorization of any 5.4 GHz radio link which is used outside the operator’s own premises. It is the responsibility of the installer or operator to have the link authorized. Details may be found at: http://www.sviluppoeconomico.gov.it/index.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Appendix A: Glossary Table 83 Glossary Term Definition 10Base-T Technology in Ethernet communications that can deliver 10 Mb of data across 328 feet (100 meters) of CAT 5 cable. 169.254.0.0 Gateway IP address default in Cambium fixed wireless broadband IP network modules. 169.254.1.1 IP address default in Cambium fixed wireless broadband IP network modules. 255.255.0.
PMP 450 Planning Guide II Glossary Term Definition APs MIB Management Information Base file that defines objects that are specific to the Access Point Module. See also Management Information Base. ARP Address Resolution Protocol. A protocol defined in RFC 826 to allow a network element to correlate a host IP address to the Ethernet address of the host. See http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc826.html. ASN.1 Abstract Syntax Notation One language.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Term Definition CIR Committed Information Rate. For an SM or specified group of SMs, a level of bandwidth that can be guaranteed to never fall below a specified minimum (unless oversubscribed). In the Cambium implementation, this is controlled by the Low Priority Uplink CIR, Low Priority Downlink CIR, High Priority Uplink CIR, and High Priority Downlink CIR parameters.
PMP 450 Planning Guide IV Glossary Term Definition DiffServ Differentiated Services, consistent with RFC 2474. A byte in the type of service (TOS) field of packets whose values correlates to the channel on which the packet should be sent. The value is a numeric code point. Cambium modules map each of 64 code points to values of 0 through 7. Three of these code points have fixed values, and the remaining 61 are settable.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Term Definition Fieldprogrammable Gate Array Array of logic, relational data, and wiring data that is factory programmed and can be reprogrammed. File Transfer Protocol Utility that transfers of files through TCP (Transport Control Protocol) between computing devices that do not operate on the same platform. Defined in RFC 959. See http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc959.html. FPGA Field-programmable Gate Array.
PMP 450 Planning Guide VI Glossary Term Definition ICMP Internet Control Message Protocols defined in RFC 792, used to identify Internet Protocol (IP)-level problems and to allow IP links to be tested. See http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc792.html. indiscards count Field How many inbound packets were discarded without errors that would have prevented their delivery to a higher-layer protocol. (Some of these packets may have been discarded to increase buffer space.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Term Definition Latency Tolerance Acceptable tolerance for delay in the transfer of data to and from a module. Line of Sight Wireless path (not simply visual path) direct from module to module. The path that results provides both ideal aim and an ideal Fresnel zone. LNK/5 Furthest left LED in the module. In the operating mode, this LED is continuously lit when the Ethernet link is present.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Term Definition Network Address Translation Scheme that defines the Access Point Module as a proxy server to isolate registered Subscriber Modules from the Internet. Defined in RFC 1631. See http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc1631.html. Network Management Station See NMS. NMS Network Management Station. A monitor device that uses Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) to control, gather, and report information about predefined network variables (objects).
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Term Definition PPTP Point to Point Tunneling Protocol. One of several virtual private network implementations. Regardless of whether the Network Address Translation (NAT) feature enabled, Subscriber Modules support VPNs that are based on this protocol. Protective Earth Connection to earth (which has a charge of 0 volts). Also known as ground. Proxy Server Network computer that isolates another from the Internet.
PMP 450 Planning Guide X Glossary Term Definition RxBabErr Field This field displays how many receiver babble errors occurred. RxOverrun Field This field displays how many receiver overrun errors occurred on the Ethernet controller. Secure Shell A trademark of SSH Communications Security. Self-interference Interference with a module from another module in the same network. SES/2 Third-from-right LED in the module. In the Access Point Module, this LED is unused.
PMP 450 Planning Guide Glossary Term Definition SYN/1 Second-from-right LED in the module. In the Access Point Module or in a registered Subscriber, this LED is continuously lit to indicate the presence of sync. In the operating mode for a Subscriber Module, this LED flashes on and to indicate that the module is not registered. Sync GPS (Global Positioning System) absolute time, which is passed from one module to another.
PMP 450 Planning Guide XII Glossary Term Definition VPN Virtual private network for communication over a public network. One typical use is to connect remote employees, who are at home or in a different city, to their corporate network over the Internet. Any of several VPN implementation schemes is possible.
