E FC-200V FC-100V User's Guide CASIO Worldwide Education Website http://edu.casio.com CASIO EDUCATIONAL FORUM http://edu.casio.
Important! CASIO COMPUTER CO., LTD. makes no guarantees concerning accuracy of the contents of this manual or their suitability for any commercial purpose or other particular purpose, or concerning the accuracy of calculation results (such as financial calculation simulation results) produced by this calculator. • Financial calculation rules and practices can differ according to country, geographic area, or financial institution.
About this Manual • This User’s Guide covers use and operation of the CASIO FC-200V and FC-100V. Operations apply to both models, except in cases indicated by the text “FC-200V only”. • Keycap markings indicate what a key inputs or what function it performs. Example: 1, 2, +, -, A, etc. • Pressing the SHIFT or ALPHA key followed by a second key performs the alternate function of the second key. The alternate function is indicated by the text printed above the key.
• The following shows an example of how a key operation to select an on-screen menu item is represented in this User’s Guide. Example: 1(1-VAR) Indicates the menu item that is selected by the number key operation (1) before it. Note that this is not part of the actual key operation you perform. • The cursor key is marked with four arrows, indicating direction, as shown in the illustration nearby. In this User’s Guide, cursor key operation is indicated as f, c, d, and e.
Initializing the Calculator Perform the following procedure when you want to initialize the calculator and return the calculation mode and setup to their initial default settings. Note that this operation also clears all data currently in calculator memory. 1. O19(CLR) 2. “All:EXE” (cf), then E. 3. E(Yes) 4. A • To cancel initialization without doing anything, press E(Cancel) instead of E(Yes).
Safety Precautions Be sure to read the following safety precautions before using this calculator. Keep this manual handy for later reference. Caution This symbol is used to indicate information that can result in personal injury or material damage if ignored. Battery • After removing the battery from the calculator, put it in a safe place where it will not get into the hands of small children and accidentally swallowed. • Keep batteries out of the reach of small children.
Handling Precautions • Be sure to press the O key before using the calculator for the first time. • Even if the calculator is operating normally, replace the battery at least once every three years (FC-200V) or two years (FC-100V). A dead battery can leak, causing damage to and malfunction of the calculator. Never leave a dead battery in the calculator. • The battery that comes with this unit discharges slightly during shipment and storage.
• Never press the keys of the calculator with a ballpoint pen or other pointed object. • Use a soft, dry cloth to clean the exterior of the calculator. If the calculator becomes very dirty, wipe it off with a cloth moistened in a weak solution of water and a mild neutral household detergent. Wring out all excess liquid before wiping the calculator. Never use thinner, benzene or other volatile agents to clean the calculator. Doing so can remove printed markings and can damage the case.
Contents About this Manual ............................................ 1 Initializing the Calculator ................................ 3 Safety Precautions ........................................... 4 Handling Precautions ...................................... 5 Before Using the Calculator .......................... 10 kRemoving the Hard Case .................................... 10 kTurning Power On and Off ................................... 10 kAdjusting Display Contrast .................................
Financial Calculation ..................................... 42 kSimple Interest Mode ........................................... kCompound Interest Mode .................................... kCash Flow Mode .................................................. kAmortization Mode ............................................... kConversion Mode ................................................. kCost/Sell/Margin Mode ........................................ kDay Calculation Mode ...................................
Statistical Calculation .................................. 108 kStatistical Calculation Types .............................. 108 kInputting Sample Data ....................................... 108 kSTAT Calculation Screen .................................... 111 kUsing the STAT Menu ......................................... 112 Technical Information .................................. 134 kCalculation Priority Sequence ............................ kStack Limitations ..........................................
Before Using the Calculator k Removing the Hard Case Before using the calculator, slide its hard case downwards to remove it, and then affix the hard case to the back of the calculator as shown in the illustration below. k Turning Power On and Off • Press O to turn on the calculator. • Press 1A(OFF) to turn off the calculator. k Adjusting Display Contrast 1. Press s. 2. Use c to select “CONTRAST:EXE”, and then press E. This displays the contrast adjustment screen. Use d and e to adjust display contrast.
k About the Display Your calculator has a 31-dot × 96-dot LCD screen. Example: Input expression { Calculation result Financial Calculation Mode k Display Indicators Sample Display: STAT This Means this: Page: indicator: The keypad has been shifted by pressing the 1 key. The keypad 7 will unshift and this indicator will disappear when you press a key. E-1 The alpha input mode has been entered by pressing the S key.
This Means this: indicator: STAT 360 Page: The calculator is in the STAT Mode. E-108 360 days in a year. SI Simple interest for interest calculations of odd (partial) months. DMY Day, month, year (DMY) as the date format. 7 The default angle unit is degrees. 8 The default angle unit is radians. 9 The default angle unit is grads. E-15 FIX A fixed number of decimal places is in effect. SCI A fixed number of significant digits is in effect.
Calculation Modes and Calculator Setup k Calculation Modes When you want to perform this type of operation: Press this Page: key: Simple interest calculations S E-42 Compound interest calculations c E-44 Cash flow calculations C E-50 Amortization calculations A E-55 General and function calculations m E-28 E-98 Statistical and regression calculations a E-108 Interest rate conversion calculations n E-59 Cost, selling price, or margin calculations o E-61 Day or date calculations D
A Displaying the Setup Screen There are two different ways to display the setup screen. • Pressing the s key • Selecting the “Set:” item on the menu screen that appears when you enter some modes. The following are the procedures you need to perform to access and use the setup screen using the above operations. FC-200V Important! All of the example procedures presented in this manual use the s key procedure to display the setup screen. To display the setup screen with the s key 1. Press the s key.
1. On the menu that appears when you initially enter a mode, use fc to select “Set:”, and then press E. • This displays a setup screen of settings that apply to the current mode only. The content of the setup screen depends on what mode you are currently in. 2. Use fc to select the setup item whose setting you want to change. You can also select a setup item by inputting the applicable number. • See “Setup Screen Settings” below for information about configuring each setting. A Setup Screen Settings No.
A Configuring Settings 1 Payment: Compound Interest (CMPD) Mode, Amortization (AMRT) Mode This setting specifies the payment date. 1:Begin Beginning of period 2:End End of period 1. Use fc to select “Payment”, and then press E. 2. Press 1(1:Begin) or 2(2:End) to select the setting you want. • You can also use fc to select a setting and then press E. 2 Date Mode: Simple Interest (SMPL) Mode, Day Calculation (DAYS) Mode, Bond (BOND) Mode (FC-200V only) This setting specifies the number of days in a year.
2. Press 1(1:CI) or 2(2:SI) to select the setting you want. • You can also use fc to select a setting and then press E. 4 Periods/Y: Bond (BOND) Mode (FC-200V only) This setting specifies once a year (Annual) or twice a year (Semi-Annual) coupon payments. 1:Annual One coupon payment per year 2:Semi One coupon payment every six months 1. Use fc to select “Periods/Y”, and then press E. 2. Press 1(1:Annual) or 2(2:Semi) to select the setting you want. • You can also use fc to select a setting and then press E.
6 Date Input: Day Calculation (DAYS) Mode, Bond (BOND) Mode (FC-200V only) This setting specifies either month, day, year (MDY) or day, month, year (DMY) as the date format. 1:MDY Month, day, year 06012006 (June 1, 2006) 2:DMY Day, month, year 01062006 (June 1, 2006) 1. Use fc to select “Date Input”, and then press E. 2. Press 1(1:MDY) or 2(2:DMY) to select the setting you want. • You can also use fc to select a setting and then press E.
1. Use fc to select “B-Even”, and then press E. 2. Press 1(1:Quantity) or 2(2:Sales) to select the setting you want. • You can also use fc to select a setting and then press E. 9 Digit Sep.: All modes except for the STAT Mode and COMP Mode This setting specifies what type of 3-digit separator should be used. Note that the 3-digit separator is not displayed after you specify a number of significant digits with @ Sci.
2. Press 1(1:Deg), 2(2:Rad), or 3(3:Gra) to select the setting you want. • You can also use fc to select a setting and then press E. ! Fix: All modes This setting specifies a fixed number of digits to the right of the decimal place. Calculation results are rounded off to the specified number of digits before being displayed. • Changing this setting automatically cancels any previous settings made for @ Sci and # Norm.
# Norm: All modes This setting specifies the range that determines when display of values switches to exponential format. • Changing this setting automatically cancels any previous settings made for ! Fix and @ Sci. Norm1: 10–2 > x, x > 1010 Norm2: 10–9 > x, x > 1010 Example: 1 ÷ 200 = 5 × 10–3 (Norm1) = 0.005 (Norm2) 1. Use fc to select “Norm”, and then press E. 2. Press 1(Norm1) or 2(Norm2).
% CONTRAST: All modes Select this setting when you want to adjust screen contrast and make display figures lighter or darker. 1. Use fc to select “CONTRAST”, and then press E. 2. Use d and e to adjust display contrast. 3. Press E. Note • On a setting screen, the cursor mark displayed on the upper right of a screen cannot be used. A Initializing the Setup Screen Settings 1. O19(CLR) 2. “Setup:EXE” (fc), then E. 3. E(Yes) 4.
Inputting Expressions and Values k Inputting a Calculation Expression Using Standard Format Your calculator lets you input calculation expressions just as they are written. Then simply press the E key to execute it. The calculator automatically judges the calculation priority sequence for addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, functions, and parentheses.
A Omitting the Multiplication Sign You can omit the multiplication sign (×) in any of the following cases. • Before an open parentheses ( ( ): 2 × (5 + 4), etc. • Before a function with parenthesis: 2 × sin(30), 2 × '(3), etc. • Before a variable name, constant, or random number: 20 × A, 2 × π, etc. A Final Closed Parenthesis You can omit one or more closed parentheses that come at the end of a calculation, immediately before the E key is pressed.
• Normally the input cursor appears as a straight vertical (I) or horizontal ( ) flashing line on the display screen. When there are 10 or fewer bytes of input remaining in the current expression, the cursor changes shape to I to let you know. If the I cursor appears, terminate the expression at a convenient point and calculate the result. • Each expression in calculation history memory (page E-33) can contain up to 76 bytes of data.
A Deleting a Character or Function Example: To correct the expression 369 × × 12 so it becomes 369 × 12 Insert Mode: 369**12 dd Y Overwrite Mode: 369**12 ddd Y A Correcting a Calculation Example: To correct cos(60) so it becomes sin(60) Insert Mode: 12(cos)60) dddY 11(sin) Overwrite Mode: 12(cos)60) dddd 11(sin) E-26
A Inserting input into a Calculation Always use the insert mode for this operation. Use d or e to move the cursor to the location where you want to insert new input, and then input what you want. k Displaying the Location of an Error If an error message (like “Math ERROR” or “Syntax ERROR”) appears when you press E, press d or e. This will display the part of the calculation where the error occurred, with the cursor positioned at the error location. You can then make necessary corrections.
Basic Calculations This section explains how to perform arithmetic and percent calculations. All calculations in this section are performed in the COMP Mode (g). k Arithmetic Calculations Use the +, -, *, and / keys to perform arithmetic calculations. Example: 7 × 8 – 4 × 5 = 36 7*8-4*5E • The calculator automatically judges the calculation priority sequence. For more information, see “Calculation Priority Sequence” on page E-134.
A Omitting a Final Closed Parenthesis You can omit any closed parenthesis ( ) ) immediately preceding operation of the E key at the end of a calculation. Example: (2 + 3) × (4 – 1) = 15 (2+3)* (4-1E k Percent Calculations Example 1: 2% = 0.02 21((%)E Example 2: 150 × 20% = 30 150*20 1((%)E Example 3: To calculate what percentage of 880 is 660. 660/880 1((%)E Example 4: To increase 2500 by 15%.
Example 5: To discount 3500 by 25%. 35003500* 251((%)E Example 6: To discount the sum of 168, 98, and 734 by 20%. 168+98+ 734E -G*201((%)E Example 7: If 300 grams are added to a test sample originally weighing 500 grams, what is the percentage increase in weight? 300+500 1.(A%) Example 8: What is the percentage change when a value is increased from 40 to 46? How about to 48? Insert Mode: 46-40 1.
Example 9: To calculate the selling price and profit when the purchase price is $480 and the profit rate to the selling price is 25%. 480*25 1.(A%) 480/25 1.(A%) Example 10: To calculate the bargain price and loss when the purchase price is $130 and the loss rate is 4%. 130*y4 1.(A%) 130/y4 1.
Using Multi-statements in Calculations You can use the colon character (:) to connect two or more expressions and execute them in sequence from left to right when you press E. Example: To create a multi-statement that performs the following two calculations: 3 + 3 and 3 × 3 Insert Mode: 1. 3+3 2. t 3. “ : ” (fc), then E. 4. 3*3 Disp E “Disp” indicates this is an intermediate result of a multi-statement.
Using Calculation History Memory and Replay Calculation history memory maintains a record of each calculation expression you input and execute, and its result. You can use calculation history memory in the COMP Mode (g) only. A Recalling Calculation History Memory Contents Press f to back-step through calculation history memory contents. Calculation history memory shows both calculation expressions and results.
A Replay Function While a calculation result is on the display, you can press d or e to edit the expression you used for the previous calculation. Example: 4 × 3 + 2.5 = 14.5 4 × 3 – 7.1 = 4.9 4*3+2.5E A d YYYY -7.
Using Calculator Memory Memory Name Answer Memory Description Stores the last calculation result obtained. Independent Memory Calculation results can be added to or subtracted from independent memory. The “M” display indicator indicates data in independent memory. Variables Six variables named A, B, C, D, X, and Y can be used for storage of individual values. VARS The following are the names of the financial calculation variables: n, I, PV, PMT, FV, P/Y, C/Y, PM1, PM2, Dys.
A Using Answer Memory to Perform a Series of Calculations Example: To divide the result of 3 × 4 by 30 3*4E (Continuing)/30E Pressing / automatically inputs “Ans” command. • With the above procedure, you need to perform the second calculation immediately after the first one. If you need to recall Answer Memory contents after pressing A, press the G key.
k Independent Memory (M) You can add calculation results to or subtract results from independent memory. The “M” appears on the display when independent memory contains a value. A Independent Memory Overview • The following is a summary of the different operations you can perform using independent memory.
• The “M” indicator appears in the upper left of the display when there is any value other than zero stored in independent memory. • Independent memory contents are maintained even if you press the A key, change the calculation mode, or turn off the calculator. A Calculation Examples Using Independent Memory • If the “M” indicator is on the display, perform the procedure under “Clearing Independent Memory” before performing this example.
• Use the following procedure when you want to check the contents of a variable. Example: To recall the contents of variable A Sn(A) • The following shows how you can include variables inside of an expression. Example: To multiply the contents of variable A by the contents of variable B Sn(A)*So(B)E • You can also assign a financial calculation value to a variable. Example: In the CMPD Mode, assign the value of PMT to variable “A”. 1. CMPD mode: “PMT” (fc). 2. 1t(STO) 3. “A:”(fc), then E. 4.
9. So(B)/SD(C) E k Financial Calculation Variables (VARS) • The following are the names of the financial calculation variables (VARS): n, I, PV, PMT, FV, P/Y, C/Y, PM1, PM2, Dys. • Financial calculation variables are used in financial calculations to store values. See the sections that describe the various modes for information about which variables are used in each mode.
k Clearing Memory Contents Use the following procedure to clear the contents of Answer Memory, independent memory, and all of the variables. This procedure does not clear VARS memory contents. See “Clearing the Contents of VARS Memories Only” for more information. 1. O19(CLR) 2. “Memory:EXE” (fc), then E. 3. E(Yes) 4. A • To cancel the clear operation without doing anything, press E(Cancel) instead of E(Yes).
Financial Calculation k Simple Interest Mode • The Simple Interest (SMPL) Mode lets you calculate the interest amount and/or simple future value (principal and interest amount). A Entering the SMPL Mode • Press S to enter the SMPL Mode. Value Input Screen A Setting Values No.
• Press 2 to select “365”. • Use fc to select 2 “Dys”, input 120, and then press E. • Use fc to select 3 “I”, input 5, and then press E. • Use fc to select 4 “PV”, input 10000, and then press E. 2. Select the value you want to calculate. • For this example, use fc to select “ALL: Solve”. 3. Press 9 to perform the calculation. • Pressing the E key returns to the value input screen. • To solve for the items that have “Solve” specified (such as “ALL:Solve”), you can press E instead of 9.
A SMPL Mode Financial Calculation Variables (VARS) • Variables Dys, I, and PV are used in the SMPL Mode. • The values of SMPL Mode variables are retained even if you change to another mode. Note, however, that SMPL Mode variables are also used by other modes, so performing an input or calculation operation may change the values assigned to them. • Though SMPL Mode variables are financial calculation variables, they are also used by arithmetic and function operations in the COMP Mode.
A Setting Values No.
A Basic CMPD Mode Procedure Example 1: To calculate the future value (FV) of an investment vehicle that pays an annual interest rate of 4%, when the initial deposit is $1,000 and additional deposits of $300 are made each month 1. Input the required values from the Setting Values table (page E-45). • For this example, use fc to select 1 “Set:”, and then press E. • Press 2 to select “End”. • Use fc to select 2 “n”, input 48, and then press E. • Use fc to select 3 “I”, input 4, and then press E.
3. Press l to perform the calculation. A Calculating the Number of Payments (n), Interest Rate (I%), Present Value (Principal: PV), and Payment Amount (PMT) • Use the same procedure as shown under “Example 1” (page E-46), substituting the required values. A Calculating the Number of Months when a Partial Month is Included The following example shows how to calculate the number of months (number of days/total days in the month) for the number of payments (n) when a partial month is include.
A Selecting Interest Calculation for a Period with a Partial Month • You can select compound interest or simple interest to calculate interest for a period with a partial month. Before performing each type of calculation, first use Configuring Settings (page E-16) to select either compound interest or simple interest for the dn setting. A CMPD Mode Financial Calculation Variables (VARS) • Variables n, I, PV, PMT, FV, P/Y, and C/Y are used in the CMPD Mode.
I% = 0 PV = – (PMT × n + FV ) PMT = – PV + FV n FV = – (PMT × n + PV) n=– PV + FV PMT α = (1+ i × S) × γ = { 1–β (–Intg(n)) , β = (1 + i) i (1+ i ) Frac (n) ........... dn : CI (Setup Screen) 1+ i × Frac (n) ....... dn : SI (Setup Screen) { 0 ............................ Payment : End (Setup Screen) S= 1 ............................ Payment : Begin (Setup Screen) i = { I% ............................... (P/Y = C/Y = 1) 100 (1+ I% ) 100 × [C/Y ] C/Y P/Y –1 .....
n I% PV PMT FV : : : : : Number of Payments Interest Rate Present Value (Principal) Payment Amount Future Value (Principal and Interest, or Final Payment Amount) P/Y : Number of Annual Payments (PMT) C/Y : Number of Annual Compoundings Note • This calculator performs interest (I) calculations using Newton’s Method, which produces approximate values whose precision can be affected by various calculation conditions.
A Entering the CASH Mode • Press C to enter the CASH Mode. Value Input Screen A cash flow diagram like the one shown below helps to visualize the movement of funds. CF2 CF3 CF4 CF5 CF7 CF6 CF1 CF0 With this graph, the initial investment amount is represented by CF0. The cash flow one year later is shown by CF1, two years later by CF2, and so on. A Setting Values No.
A Basic CASH Mode Procedure Example 1: To calculate net present value (NPV) 1. Input the annual interest (I), and then receipt and payment values provided on page E-51. • Use fc to select 1 “I”, input 3, and then press E. • Use fc to select “Csh =D.Editor x”, and then press E. This displays the DataEditor. Only the x-column is used for calculation. Any values in the y-column and FREQcolumn are not used. Note • The STAT editor and the D.Editor x of the CASH Mode use the same memory area to store data.
A Other CASH Mode Calculations Example 2: To calculate the internal rate of return (IRR) • In step 3 of the basic procedure (Example 1), select “IRR:Solve”. • The IRR calculation result is assigned to financial variable (VARS) I. Example 3: To calculate the payback period (PBP) • In step 3 of the basic procedure (Example 1), select “PBP:Solve”. Example 4: To calculate net future value (NFV) • In step 3 of the basic procedure (Example 1), select “NFV: Solve”.
• Though I is a financial calculation variable, it is also used by arithmetic and function operations in the COMP Mode. A Calculation Formulas u NPV CF2 CF1 CF3 + + + (1+ i) (1+ i)2 (1+ i)3 I% CFn …+ i = (1+ i)n 100 NPV = CF0 + n: natural number up to 79 u NFV NFV = NPV × (1 + i )n u IRR IRR is calculated using Newton’s Method. 0 = CF0 + CF2 CF3 CFn CF1 + + + … + (1+ i) (1+ i)2 (1+ i)3 (1+ i)n In this formula, NPV = 0, and the value of IRR is equivalent to i × 100.
k Amortization Mode • The Amortization (AMRT) Mode lets you calculate the principal balance, and the interest portion and principal portion of monthly payments, as well as interest and principal amounts paid to date.
e 1 payment d 1 ............... PM1 .................. PM2 ............... Last Number of Payments d : Total principal paid from payment PM1 to payment PM2 (ΣPRN) e : Total interest paid from payment PM1 to payment PM2 (ΣINT) A Setting Values Values Used in Examples End No.
*1 For information about specifying the payment period, see the “Payment” item under “Configuring Settings” on page E-16. 2 * Make sure the payment you specify for PM2 comes after the payment you specify for PM1. 3 * This variable is used by other modes. The value that initially appears may be a value that was input or calculated in another mode. 4 * Specify 2 for semiannual compound interest, or 12 for monthly compound interest.
2. Select the value you want to calculate. • For this example, use fc to select “BAL: Solve”. 3. Press l to perform the calculation. • Pressing the E key returns to the value input screen. A Other AMRT Mode Calculations Example 2: To calculate the interest amount (INT) included in payment 15 (PM1) • In step 2 of the basic procedure (Example 1), select “INT:Solve”.
A Calculation Formulas a: Interest portion of payment PM1 (INT) INTPM1 = I BALPM1–1 × i I × (PMT sign) b: Principal portion of payment PM1 (PRN) PRNPM1 = PMT + BALPM1–1 × i c: Principal balance upon completion of payment PM2 (BAL) BALPM2 = BALPM2–1 + PRNPM2 d: Total principal paid from payment PM1 to payment PM2 (ΣPRN) Σ PRN = PRN PM2 PM1 + PRNPM1+1 + … + PRNPM2 PM1 e: Total interest paid from payment PM1 to payment PM2 (ΣINT) • a + b = one repayment (PMT) Σ INT = INT PM2 PM1 + INTPM1+1 + … + INTPM
A Entering the CNVR Mode • Press n to enter the CNVR Mode. Value Input Screen A Setting Values No. Display Name 1 n Number of Annual Compoundings 2 I Interest Rate (Annual) Values Used in Examples 6 3% A Basic CNVR Mode Procedure Example 1: To convert a nominal interest rate (APR) to an effective interest rate (EFF) 1. Input the number of annual compoundings (n) and interest rate (I) values from the Setting Values table above. • For this example, use fc to select 1 “n”, input 6, and then press E.
A Other CNVR Mode Calculations Example 2: To convert an effective interest rate (EFF) to a nominal interest rate (APR) • In step 2 of the basic procedure (Example 1), select “APR: Solve”. A CNVR Mode Financial Calculation Variables (VARS) • Variables n and I are used in the CNVR Mode. • A value is assigned to I whenever you perform an EFF or APR calculation in the CNVR Mode. • The values of CNVR Mode variables are retained even if you change to another mode.
A Entering the COST Mode • Press o to enter the COST Mode. Value Input Screen A Setting Values No. Display Name Values Used in Examples 1 CST Cost $40 2 SEL Selling Price $100 3 MRG Margin 60% A Basic COST Mode Procedure Example 1: To calculate the margin (MRG) 1. Input the cost (CST) and selling price (SEL) values from the Setting Values table above. • For this example, use fc to select 1 “CST”, input 40, and then press E. • Use fc to select 2 “SEL”, input 100, and then press E. 2.
A Other COST Mode Calculations Example 2: To calculate the cost based on margin and selling price 1. Input the margin (MRG) and selling price (SEL) values in step 1 of the basic procedure (Example 1). 2. Select 1 “CST” in step 2. Example 3: To calculate the selling price (SEL) based on margin and cost 1. Input the margin (MRG) and cost (CST) values in step 1 of the basic procedure (Example 1). 2. Select 2 “SEL” in step 2.
k Day Calculation Mode • The Day Calculation (DAYS) Mode lets you calculate the number of dates from one date to another, the date that falls on a specific number of days after a starting date, and the date that falls on a specific number of data prior to an ending date. • Starting date (d1) and ending date (d2) calculations are possible within the range of January 1, 1901 through December 31, 2099. A Entering the DAYS Mode • Press D to enter the DAYS Mode. Value Input Screen A Setting Values No.
*2 • You must input two digits for the month and day. This means you should include a leading zero for values from 1 through 9 (01, 02, 03... etc.). • You can specify either month, day, year (MDY) or day, month, year (DMY) as the date input format. See the “Date Input” setting under “Configuring Settings” (page E-16).
A Other DAYS Mode Calculations Note • For Example 2 and Example 3, use the setup screen to change the “Date Mode” setting to “365”. • Calculation results “d1” and “d2” are not stored in Answer Memory. Example 2: To calculate date that falls a specific number of days (Dys) from a starting date (d1) 1. In step 1 of the basic procedure (Example 1), input 173 for Dys and do not input anything for d2. 2. In step 2, select “d2”.
A Entering the DEPR Mode • Press d to enter the DEPR Mode. Value Input Screen A Setting Values No.
• Use fc to select 2 “I”, input 25, and then press E. Note that you need to input 2 “I” only when you are using the fixed percent (FP) or declining balance (DB) method. • Use fc to select 3 “PV”, input 150000, and then press E. • Use fc to select 4 “FV”, input 0, and then press E. • Use fc to select 5 “ j ”, input 3, and then press E. • Use fc to select 6 “YR1”, input 2, and then press E. 2. Select the value you want to calculate. • For this example, use fc to select “SL:Solve”. 3.
A DEPR Mode Financial Calculation Variables (VARS) • Variables n, I, PV, and FV are used in the DEPR Mode. • The values of DEPR Mode variables are retained even if you change to another mode. Note, however, that DEPR Mode variables are also used by other modes, so performing an input or calculation operation may change the values assigned to them. • Though DEPR Mode variables are financial calculation variables, they are also used by arithmetic and function operations in the COMP Mode.
u Fixed Percentage Method Fixed percentage method can be used to calculate depreciation for a given period, or to calculate the depreciation rate.
u Declining Balance Method The declining balance method calculates depreciation for a given period. I% YR1 × 12 100n RDV1 = PV – FV – DB1 DB1 = PV × DBj = (RDVj–1 + FV ) × I% 100n RDVj = RDVj–1 – DBj DBn +1 = RDVn (YR1G12) (YR1G12) RDVn+1 = 0 DB j : depreciation charge for the j th year RDVj : remaining depreciable value at the end of j th I% year : factor k Bond Mode (FC-200V only) • The Bond (BOND) Mode lets you calculate purchase price and annual yield.
No. Display 4 n 5 RDV*4 Name Number of Coupon Payments Until Maturity Redemption Price per $100 of face value 6 CPN*5 Coupon Rate Values Used in Examples 3 $100 3% 7 PRC*6 Price per $100 of face value –97.61645734 8 YLD Annual Yield 4% *1 • You can specify a date (Date) or a number of coupon payments (Term) as the term for bond calculations. See the “Bond Date” setting under “Configuring Settings” (page E-16).
Note • You can specify a starting date (d1) in the range of January 1,1902 through December 30, 2097. • You can specify an ending date (d2) in the range of January 2,1902 through December 31, 2097. • Input money paid out as a negative value, using the y key to input the minus sign. A Other Setup Items • The initial setting of Date Mode is 365 (365-day year). See the “Date Mode” setting under “Configuring Settings” (page E-16). • To display the Setup screen, press s.
• Press 1 to select “Date”. • Use fc to select 2 “d1”, input 06012004, and then press E. • Use fc to select 3 “d2”, input 12152006, and then press E. • Use fc to select 5 “RDV”, input 100, and then press E. • Use fc to select 6 “CPN”, input 3, and then press E. • Use fc to select 8 “YLD”, input 4, and then press E. 2. Select the value you want to calculate. • For this example, use fc to select “PRC”. 3. Press l to perform the calculation. • Pressing the E key returns to the value input screen.
Example 3: To calculate a bond purchase price (PRC) based on a specific number of payments (Term) 1. In step 1 of the basic procedure (Example 1), select 2(Term) for “Bond Date”. • This replaces input items d1 and d2 with input item n. 2. Input 3 for item n. Example 4: To calculate the annual yield (YLD) based on a specific number of payments (Term) 1. In step 1 of the basic procedure (Example 1), select 2(Term) for “Bond Date”. • This replaces input items d1 and d2 with input item n. 2.
A Calculation Formulas D A B Redemption date (d2) Issue date Purchase date (d1) PRC : CPN : YLD : A : M : N : RDV : D : B : INT : CST : Coupon Payment dates price per $100 of face value coupon rate (%) annual yield (%) accrued days number of coupon payments per year (1 = Annual, 2 = Semi-Annual) number of coupon payments until maturity (n is used when “Term” is specified for “Bond Date” on the setup screen.
• For more than one coupon period to redemption RDV PRC = – (1+ YLD/100 A D (N–1+B/D ) M Σ INT = – ) M CPN N k=1 – (1+ × YLD/100 M A + ) D (k–1+B/D ) × CPN M CPN M CST = PRC + INT Term (Using the Setup Screen: Bond Date) CPN RDV M n PRC = – (1+ YLD/100 M ) n –Σ k=1 (1+ YLD/100 M ) k INT = 0 CST = PRC u Annual Yield (YLD) YLD is calculated using Newton’s Method.
k Break-Even Mode (FC-200V only) • The Break-Even (BEVN) Mode has six sub-modes that you can use to perform various break-even point calculations. A Entering the BEVN Mode • Press B to enter the BEVN Mode.
A Entering the BEV Sub-mode 1. Press B to enter the Break-Even Mode. 2. Use fc to select “BEV:EXE”. 3. Press E. Value Input Screen A Setting Values No.
A Basic BEV Sub-mode Procedure Example 1: To calculate the break-even point sales quantity (QBE) 1. Input the values for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 from the Setting Values table (page E-79). • For this example, use fc to select 1 “Set:”, and then press E. • Use fc to select “PRF/Ratio”, and then press E. • Press 1 to select “PRF”. • Use fc to select 1 “Set:”, and then press E. • Use fc to select “B-Even”, and then press E. • Press 1 to select “Quantity”. • Use fc to select 2 “PRC”, input 100, and then press E.
3. Press l to perform the calculation. A Other BEV Sub-mode Calculations Example 2: To calculate the break-even point sales amount (SBE) 1. Select 2(Sales) for “B-Even” in step 1 of the basic procedure (Example 1). 2. In step 2, select “SBE”. Example 3: To calculate the sales quantity (QBE) required to attain a profit target ($400,000) • Input 400000 for PRF in step 1 of the basic procedure (Example 1). Example 4: To calculate the sales amount (SBE) required to attain a profit target ($400,000) 1.
A BEV Sub-mode Financial Calculation Variables (VARS) • Variables PRC, VCU, FC, PRF, r%, QBE, and SBE are used in the BEV sub-mode. • BEV sub-mode variable contents are cleared whenever you change to another mode other than the BEVN Mode sub-modes (BEV, MOS, DOL, DFL, DCL, QTY CONV.).
A Entering the MOS Sub-mode 1. Press B to enter the Break-Even Mode. 2. Use fc to select “MOS:EXE”. 3. Press E. Value Input Screen A Setting Values No. Display Name Values Used in Examples 1 SAL Sales Amount $1,200,000 2 SBE Break-even Sales Amount $1,000,000 3 MOS Margin of Safety 0.1667(16.67%) A Basic MOS Sub-mode Procedure Example 1: To calculate the margin of safety (MOS) 1. Input the required values from the Setting Values table above.
A Other MOS Sub-mode Calculations Example 2: To calculate a sales amount (SAL) or breakeven sales amount (SBE) • Use the basic procedure (Example 1), substituting the required values. A MOS Sub-mode Financial Calculation Variables (VARS) • Variables SAL, SBE, and MOS are used in the MOS submode. • MOS sub-mode variable contents are cleared whenever you change to another mode other than the BEVN Mode sub-modes (BEV, MOS, DOL, DFL, DCL, QTY CONV.).
A Setting Values No. Display Name Values Used in Examples 1 SAL Sales Amount $1,200,000 2 VC Variable Cost $600,000 3 FC 4 DOL Fixed Cost Degree of Operating Leverage $200,000 1.5 A Basic DOL Sub-mode Procedure Example 1: To calculate the degree of operating leverage (DOL) 1. Input the required values from the Setting Values table above. • For this example, use fc to select 1 “SAL”, input 1200000, and then press E. • Use fc to select 2 “VC”, input 600000, and then press E.
A DOL Sub-mode Financial Calculation Variables (VARS) • Variables SAL, VC, FC, and DOL are used in the DOL sub-mode. • DOL sub-mode variable contents are cleared whenever you change to another mode other than the BEVN Mode sub-modes (BEV, MOS, DOL, DFL, DCL, QTY CONV.).
A Basic DFL Sub-mode Procedure Example 1: To calculate the degree of financial leverage (DFL) 1. Input the required values from the Setting Values table (page E-86). • For this example, use fc to select 1 “EIT”, input 400000, and then press E. • Use fc to select 2 “ITR”, input 80000, and then press E. 2. Select the value you want to calculate. • For this example, use fc to select 3 “DFL”. 3. Press l to perform the calculation.
A Calculation Formula EIT DFL = EIT – ITR EIT : Earnings Before Interest and Taxes (EBIT) ITR : Interest DFL : Degree of Financial Leverage k Degree of Combined Leverage Submode (Break-Even Mode 5) • The Degree of Combined Leverage (DCL) sub-mode lets you calculate the degree of operating leverage (percent change in profit due to a change in sales amount), with interest taken into consideration. A Entering the DCL Sub-mode 1. Press B to enter the Break-Even Mode. 2. Use fc to select “DCL:EXE”. 3. Press E.
A Basic DCL Sub-mode Procedure Example 1: To calculate the degree of combined leverage (DCL) 1. Input the required values from the Setting Values table (page E-88). • For this example, use fc to select 1 “SAL”, input 1200000, and then press E. • Use fc to select 2 “VC”, input 600000, and then press E. • Use fc to select 3 “FC”, input 200000, and then press E. • Use fc to select 4 “ITR”, input 100000, and then press E. 2. Select the value you want to calculate. • For this example, use fc to select 5 “DCL”.
A Calculation Formula DCL = SAL – VC SAL – VC – FC – ITR SAL VC FC ITR DCL Sales Amount Variable Cost Fixed Cost Interest Degree of Combined Leverage : : : : : k Quantity Conversion Sub-mode (Break-Even Mode 6) • The Quantity Conversion (QTY CONV.) sub-mode lets you calculate the sales amount, sales price, or sales quantity after inputting the other two values. • You can also calculate the variable cost, unit variable cost, or sales quantity after inputting the other two values.
A Setting Values No. Display Name Values Used in Examples 1 SAL Sales Amount $100,000 2 PRC Sales Price $200/unit 3 4 5 6 Sales Quantity Variable Cost Unit Variable Cost Sales Quantity 500 units $15,000 $30/unit 500 units QTY VC VCU QTY A Basic QTY CONV. Sub-mode Procedure Example 1: To calculate the sales quantity (QTY) from the sales amount and sales price 1. Input the required values from among 1, 2, and 3 in the Setting Values table above.
Example 3: To calculate the sales quantity (QTY) from variable cost and unit variable cost 1. Input the required values from among 4, 5, and 6 in the Setting Values table (page E-91). • In this example, use fc to select 4 “VC”, input 15000, and then press E. • Use fc to select 5 “VCU”, input 30, and then press E. 2. Select the value you want to calculate. • In this example, use fc to select 6 “QTY”. 3. Press l to perform the calculation.
A Calculation Formulas SAL = PRC × QTY VC = VCU × QTY SAL PRC QTY VC VCU : : : : : Sales Amount Sales Price Sales Quantity Variable Cost Unit Variable Cost E-93
Shortcuts k Custom Shortcut Keys You can assign a mode, setup information, a value, or a calculation expression to a shortcut key for instant access whenever you need it. This feature comes in handy when you need to often perform the same calculation or input the same data.
5. Use fc to select “Shortcut1”, and then press E. STO 6. In response to the confirmation screen that appears, press E(Yes). • If you want to cancel this operation without assigning anything to 1(Shortcut1) key, press E instead of E in step 6. u To configure the SHORTCUT2 key 1. Press m to enter the COMP Mode. 2. Input the formula shown below. (FV – ((–PV) + (–PMT) × n)) × 0.9 + ((–PV) + (–PMT) × n) • “FV”, “PV” and “n” are financial calculation variables (VARS). 3.
3. Use fc to select “FV”, and then press l to perform the calculation. • This calculates the future value of the investment after five years. The result appears on the display and is stored in Answer Memory (Ans). 4. Press 2(Shortcut2). • This recalls the formula (for calculating tax) assigned to the 2(Shortcut2) key. 5. Press E. • Pressing the E key calculates the net amount received after application of a 10% tax to the interest amount. A Initializing the Custom Shortcut Settings 1. O19(CLR) 2.
u To configure an FMEM key Example: To assign the function “sin–1” to the FMEM1 key 1. Press m to enter the COMP Mode. 2. (1) t (2) “sin–1” (fc), then E. 3. Press 1t(STO). STO • A number sign (#) next to “FMEM1” or “FMEM2” indicates that there is already data assigned to the key. Performing the following steps will replace any existing data with the new data. 4. Use fc to select “FMEM1”, and then press E. 5. In response to the confirmation screen that appears, press E(Yes).
Function Calculations This section explains how to use the calculator’s built-in functions. • Certain function calculations may take some time to display calculation results. Before performing an operation, be sure to wait until execution of the current operation is complete. You can interrupt an ongoing operation by pressing A. • Pressing t will display a menu of functions that you can use to select the one you want to input. You can also use a direct key operation to input the following functions.
Example: sin 30 = 0.5, sin–10.5 = 30 z 11(sin)30)E 1. t 2. “sin–1” (fc), then E. 3. 0.5)E k Hyperbolic and Inverse Hyperbolic Functions Example: sinh 1 = 1.175201194, cosh–1 1 = 0 1. t 2. “sinh” (fc), then E. 3. 1)E 1. t 2. “cosh–1” (fc), then E. 3. 1)E k Converting an Input Value to the Calculator’s Default Angle Unit After inputting a value, press 1G(DRG') to display the angle unit specification menu shown below. Press the number key that corresponds to the angle unit of the input value.
z (15(π)/2) 1G(DRG')2(r)E 501G(DRG') 3(g)E Example 2: cos (π radians) = –1, cos (100 grads) = 0 z 12(cos)15(π) 1G(DRG')2(r))E 12(cos)100 1G(DRG')3(g))E Example 3: cos–1 (–1) = 180 cos–1 (–1) = π z 1. t 2. “cos–1” (fc), then E. 3. y1)E Z 1. t 2. “cos–1” (fc), then E. 3. y1)E k Exponential Functions and Logarithmic Functions • For the logarithmic function “log(”, you can specify base m using the syntax “log (m, n)”. If you input only a single value, a base of 10 is used for the calculation.
Example 1: log216 = 4 1. t 2. “log(” (fc), then E. 3. 21)(,)16)E Example 2: log16 = 1.204119983 1. t 2. “log(” (fc), then E. 3. 16)E A base of 10 (common logarithm) is used if no base is specified. Example 3: ln 90 (= loge90) = 4.49980967 1. t 2. “ln(” (fc), then E. 3. 90)E Example 4: ln e = 1 1. t 2. “ln(” (fc), then E. 3. S5(e))E Example 5: e10 = 22026.46579 1. t 2. “e^(” (fc), then E. 3. 10)E k Power Functions and Power Root Functions Example 1: 1.2 × 103 = 1200 1. 1.2*t 2. “10^(” (fc), then E. 3.
Example 2: (1 + 1)2+2 = 16 1. (1+1)t 2. “^(” (fc), then E. 3. 2+2)E Example 3: 23 = 8 1. 2t 2. “3” (fc), then E. 3. E Example 4: (' 2 + 1) (' 2 – 1) = 1 1. (t 2. “ '(” (fc), then E. 3. 2)+1)(t 4. “ '(” (fc), then E. 5. 2)-1)E Example 5: 5 32 = 2 1. 5t 2. “ x'(” (fc), then E. 3. 32)E Example 6: 3' 5 + 3 –27 = –1.290024053 1. t 2. “ 3'(” (fc), then E. 3. 5)+t 4. “ 3'(” (fc), then E. 5.
k Rectangular-Polar Coordinate Conversion Rectangular Coordinates (Rec) Polar Coordinates (Pol) Converting to Polar Coordinates (Pol) Pol(X, Y) X: Specifies the rectangular coordinate X value Y: Specifies the rectangular coordinate Y value • Calculation result θ is displayed in the range of –180° < θ < 180°. • Calculation result θ is displayed using the calculator’s default angle unit. • Calculation result r is assigned to variable X, while θ is assigned to Y.
Example 1: (X, Y) = (' 2, ' 2) → (r, θ) z 1. t 2. “ Pol(” (fc), then E. 3. 15(')2) 1)(,)15(') 2))E Example 2: (r, θ) = (2, 30) → (X, Y) z 1. t 2. “ Rec(” (fc), then E. 3. 21)(,)30)E k Other Functions This section explains how to use the functions shown below. !, Abs(, Ran#, nPr, nCr, Rnd( A Factorial (!) This function obtains the factorials of a value that is zero or a positive integer. Example: (5 + 3)! = 40320 1. (5+3)t 2. “ ! ” (fc), then E. 3.
A Absolute Value Calculation (Abs) When you are performing a real number calculation, this function simply obtains the absolute value. Example: Abs (2 – 7) = 5 1. t 2. “Abs(” (fc), then E. 3. 2-7)E A Random Number (Ran#) This function generates a 3-digit pseudo random number that is less than 1. Example: To generate three 3-digit random numbers. The random 3 digit decimal values are converted to 3digit integer values by multiplying by 1000. Note that the values shown here are examples only.
A Permutation (nPr) and Combination (nCr) These functions make it possible to perform permutation and combination calculations. n and r must be integers in the range of 0 < r < n < 1 × 1010. Example: How many four-person permutations and combinations are possible for a group of 10 people? 1. 10t 2. “P” (fc), then E. 3. 4E 1. 10t 2. “C” (fc), then E. 3.
(Calculation is performed internally using 15 digits.) FIX 200/7E FIX *14E The following performs the same calculation with rounding. FIX 200/7E (Round the value to the specified number of digits.) FIX 10(Rnd)E (Check rounded result.
Statistical Calculation All calculations in this section are performed in the STAT Mode (7). A Selecting a Statistical Calculation Type In the STAT Mode, display the statistical calculation type selection screen. k Statistical Calculation Types Use fc to select Item, and then press E.
A STAT Editor Screen There are two STAT editor screen formats, depending on the type of statistical calculation you selected. STAT STAT Single-variable Statistics Paired-variable Statistics • The first line of the STAT editor screen shows the value for the first sample or for the values for their first pair of samples. A FREQ (Frequency) Column If you turn on the Statistical Display item on the calculator’s setup screen, a column labeled “FREQ” will also be included on the STAT editor screen.
Example: To input the value 123.45 in cell X1 (Move the cursor to cell X1.) STAT 123.45 The value you input appears in the formula area. STAT E Registering a value causes the cursor to move down one cell. A STAT Editor Screen Input Precautions • The number of lines in STAT editor screen (the number of sample data values you can input) depends on the type of statistical data you selected, and on the Statistical Display setting of the calculator’s setup screen (page E-21).
A Editing Sample Data Replacing the Data in a Cell 1. On the STAT editor screen, move the cursor to the cell you want to edit. 2. Input the new data value or expression, and then press E. Important! • Note that you must totally replace the existing data of the cell with new input. You cannot edit parts of the existing data. Deleting a Line 1. On the STAT editor screen, move the cursor to the line you want to delete. 2. Y Inserting a Line 1.
k Using the STAT Menu While the STAT editor screen or STAT calculation screen is on the display, press 17(S-MENU) to display the STAT menu. The content to the STAT menu depends on whether the currently selected statistical operation type uses a single variable or paired variables.
Paired-variable Menu Item Select this menu item: When you want to do this: Display the Reg sub-menu of commands for regression calculations • For details see “Commands when Linear Regression Calculation (A+BX) Is 7Reg Selected” on page E-117 and “Commands when Quadratic Regression Calculation (_+CX2) Is Selected” on page E-121.
MinMax Sub-menu (17(S-MENU)6(MinMax)) Select this menu item: When you want to obtain this: 1minX Minimum value 2maxX Maximum value Single-variable Statistical Calculation Example 1: To select single-variable (1-VAR) and input the following data: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10} (FREQ: ON) Preparation 1. s 2. “STAT” (fc), then E. 3.
STAT 17(S-MENU) 3(Edit)1(Ins) STAT ccccccccY STAT A Example 3: To edit the FREQ data to the following: {1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 2, 1} (FREQ: ON) STAT 17(S-MENU)2(Data)e STAT c2E c2E 2E 2E 3E 4E 2E STAT A • Examples 4 through 7 all use the same data as Example 3. Example 4: To calculate sum of squares of the sample data and sum of the sample data.
STAT 17(S-MENU)4(Sum) 2(Σx)E Example 5: To calculate number of samples, mean, and population standard deviation. 17(S-MENU)5(Var) STAT 1(n)E STAT 17(S-MENU)5(Var) 2(o)E STAT 17(S-MENU)5(Var) 3(xσn)E Example 6: To calculate minimum value and maximum value.
A Commands when Linear Regression Calculation (A+BX) Is Selected With linear regression, regression is performed in accordance with the following model equation. y = A + BX The following are the commands that appear on the submenus that appear when you select 4(Sum), 5(Var), 6(MinMax), or 7(Reg) on the STAT menu while linear regression is selected as the statistical calculation type.
Sum Sub-menu (17(S-MENU)4(Sum)) Select this menu item: When you want to obtain this: 1Σx2 Sum of squares of the X-data 2Σx Sum of the X-data 3Σy2 Sum of squares of the Y-data 4Σy Sum of the Y-data 5Σxy Sum of products of the X-data and Y-data 6Σx3 Sum of cubes of the X-data 7Σx2y Sum of (X-data squares × Y-data) 8Σx4 Sum of biquadrate of the X-data Var Sub-menu (17(S-MENU)5(Var)) Select this menu item: When you want to obtain this: 1n Number of samples 2o Mean of the X-data Population standard deviation of
Reg Sub-menu (17(S-MENU)7(Reg)) Select this menu item: When you want to obtain this: 1A Regression coefficient constant term A 2B Regression coefficient B 3r Correlation coefficient r 4m Estimated value of x 5n Estimated value of y Linear Regression Calculation • Examples 8 through 10 all use the data input in Example 7. Example 7: x y x y 1.0 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2.1 2.4 2.5 2.7 3.0 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.0 1. s 2. “STAT” (fc), then E. 3. 2(Off) 7 STAT cE(A+BX) 1E 1.2E 1.5E 1.6E 1.
STAT ce1E 1.1E 1.2E 1.3E 1.4E 1.5E 1.6E 1.7E 1.
Example 9: 17(S-MENU)7(Reg) STAT 1(A)E STAT 17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)2(B)E STAT 17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)3(r)E Example 10: Estimated Value (y = –3 → m = ?) STAT y317(S-MENU) 7(Reg)4(m)E Estimated Value (x = 2 → n = ?) STAT 217(S-MENU) 7(Reg)5(n)E A Commands when Quadratic Regression Calculation (_+CX2) Is Selected With quadratic regression, regression is performed in accordance with the following model equation.
Calculation formula used for each command Σy Σx Σx 2 A= –B –C n n n Sxy.Sx 2x 2 – Sx 2y.Sxx 2 B= Sxx.Sx 2x 2 – (Sxx 2)2 Sx 2y.Sxx – Sxy.Sxx 2 C= Sxx.Sx 2x 2 – (Sxx 2) 2 ( ) ( ) Sxx = Σx – 2 (Σx) 2 n (Σx . Σy) Sxy = Σxy – n .Σx 2) ( Σx 2 3 Sxx = Σx – n 2 2 Sx 2x 2 = Σx 4 – (Σx ) n 2.
• Sum sub-menu (sums), Var sub-menu (number of samples, mean, standard deviation), and MinMax submenu (maximum value, minimum value) operations are the same those for linear regression calculations. Quadratic Regression Calculation • Examples 11 through 13 all use the data input in Example 7 (page E-119).
Example 13: y = 3 → m1 = ? STAT 317(S-MENU)7(Reg) 4(m1)E y = 3 → m2 = ? STAT 317(S-MENU)7(Reg) 5(m2)E x=2→n=? STAT 217(S-MENU)7(Reg) 6(n)E A Comments for Other Types of Regression For details about the calculation formula of the command included in each regression type, refer to the indicated calculation formulas.
Logarithmic Regression (ln X) Σy – B.Σ lnx A= n n .Σ(lnx)y – Σ lnx .Σy B= n .Σ(lnx)2 – (Σ lnx)2 n .Σ(lnx)y – Σ lnx .Σy r= {n .Σ(lnx)2 – (Σ lnx)2}{n .Σy2 – (Σy)2} y–A B m=e n = A + Blnx e Exponential Regression (e^X) . A = exp Σlny – B Σx n n .Σxlny – Σx .Σlny B= n .Σx 2 – (Σx)2 n .Σxlny – Σx .Σlny r= {n .Σx 2 – (Σx)2}{n .Σ(ln y)2 – (Σln y)2} ( ) lny – lnA B n = Ae Bx m= ab Exponential Regression (A•B^X) . A = exp Σlny – B Σx n n .Σxlny – Σx .Σ lny B = exp n .Σx 2 – (Σx)2 n .Σxlny – Σx .Σ lny r= {n .
Power Regression (A•X^B) . A = exp Σlny – B Σlnx ( ) n . n Σlnxlny – Σlnx .Σ lny B= n .Σ(lnx)2 – (Σlnx)2 n .Σlnxlny – Σlnx .Σ lny r= {n .Σ(ln x)2 – (Σln x)2}{n .Σ(ln y)2 – (Σln y)2} m=e ln y – ln A B n = AxB Inverse Regression (1/X) Σy – B.Σx–1 A= n Sxy B= Sxx Sxy r= Sxx .Syy Sxx = Σ(x ) – –1 2 (Σx–1)2 n (Σy)2 Syy = Σy – n 2 –1.
Comparison of Regression Curves • The following example uses the data input in Example 7 (page E-119). Example 14: To compare the correlation coefficient for logarithmic, e exponential, ab exponential, power, and inverse regression.
Other Types of Regression Calculation Example 15: y = A + Blnx 1. s x y 29 50 74 103 118 1.6 23.5 38.0 46.4 48.9 2. “STAT” (fc), then E. 3. 2(Off) 7cccE(ln X) STAT 29E 50E 74E 103E 118E ce1.6E 23.5E 38E 46.4E 48.
Example 16: y = AeBx 1. s x y 6.9 12.9 19.8 26.7 35.1 21.4 15.7 12.1 8.5 5.2 2. “STAT” (fc), then E. 3. 2(Off) 7ccccE(e^X) 6.9E 12.9E 19.8E 26.7E 35.1E ce21.4E 15.7E 12.1E 8.5E 5.
Example 17: y = ABx x –1 3 5 10 1. s y 0.24 4 16.2 513 2. “STAT” (fc), then E. 3. 2(Off) 7cccccE(A•B^X) STAT y1E 3E 5E 10E STAT ce0.24E 4E 16.2E 513E STAT A17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)1(A)E STAT 17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)2(B)E STAT 17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)3(r)E x = 15 → n = ? STAT 1517(S-MENU) 7(Reg)5(n)E y = 1.02 → m = ? 1.
Example 18: y = AxB 1. s x y 28 30 33 35 38 2410 3033 3895 4491 5717 2. “STAT” (fc), then E. 3.
B x Example 19: y = A + –– x y 1.1 2.1 2.9 4.0 4.9 18.3 9.7 6.8 4.9 4.1 1. s 2. “STAT” (fc), then E. 3. 2(Off) 7cccccccE(1/X) 1.1E 2.1E 2.9E 4E 4.9E STAT ce18.3E 9.7E 6.8E 4.9E 4.1E STAT STAT A17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)1(A)E STAT 17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)2(B)E STAT 17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)3(r)E x = 3.5 → n = ? STAT 3.
A Command Usage Tips • The commands included in the Reg sub-menu can take a long time to execute in logarithmic, e exponential, ab exponential, or power regression calculation when there are a large number of data samples.
Technical Information k Calculation Priority Sequence The calculator performs calculations according to a calculation priority sequence. • Basically, calculations are performed from left to right. • Expressions within parentheses have the highest priority. • The following shows the priority sequence for each individual command. 1. Function with parentheses: Pol(, Rec( sin(, cos(, tan(, sin–1(, cos–1(, tan–1(, sinh(, cosh(, tanh(, sinh–1(, cosh–1(, tanh–1( log(, ln(, e^(, 10^(, '(, 3'( Abs( Rnd( 2.
Example: –22 = –4 1. y2 2. t 3. “2” (fc), then E. 4. E (–2)2 = 4 1. (y2) 2. t 3. “2” (fc), then E. 4. E Multiplication and division, and multiplication where the sign is omitted are the same priority (Priority 6), so these operations are performed from left to right when both types are mixed in the same calculation. Enclosing an operation within parentheses causes it to be performed first, so the use of parentheses can result in different calculation results. Example: 1 ÷ 2π = 1.570796327 1 ÷ (2π) = 0.
k Stack Limitations This calculator uses memory areas called stacks to temporarily store lower calculation priority sequence values, commands, and functions. The numeric stack has 10 levels and the command stack has 24 levels, as shown in the illustration below. 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 Numeric Stack 1 2 4 5 6 5 7 Command Stack 1 2 3 2 3 4 3 4 5 4 5 4 5 6 7 A Stack ERROR occurs when the calculation you are performing causes the capacity of either stack to be exceeded.
k Calculation Ranges, Number of Digits, and Precision The calculation range, number of digits used for internal calculation, and calculation precision depends on the type of calculation you are performing. Calculation Range and Precision Calculation Range ±1 × 10–99 to ±9.999999999 × 1099 or 0 Number of Digits for 15 digits Internal Calculation In general, ±1 at the 10th digit for a single calculation. Precision for exponential display is ±1 at the least significant digit.
Functions Input Range –1 tanh x 0 x 9.999999999 10–1 logx/lnx 0 x 9.999999999 1099 10x –9.999999999 1099 x 99.99999999 ex –9.999999999 1099 x 230.2585092 ' x 0 x 1 10100 x2 x 1 1050 1/x x 1 10100 ; x G 0 3 ' x x 1 10100 x! 0 x 69 (x is an integer) 10 n (n, r are integers) nPr 0 n 1 10 , 0 r 100 1 {n!/(n–r)!} 1 10 10 0 r n (n, r are integers) nCr 0 n 1 10 , 100 1 n!/r! 1 10 or 1 n!/(n–r)! 1 10100 99 Pol(x, y) x , y 9.999999999 10 x2+y2 9.
Financial Calculation Ranges P/Y C/Y PM1 PM2 d1 d2 j YR1 Natural number from 1 to 9999 Integer from 1 to 9999 PM1 < PM2 January 1, 1901 through December 31, 2099 January 1, 1902 through December 30, 2097 (BOND Mode only) January 1, 1901 through December 31, 2099 January 2, 1902 through December 31, 2097 (BOND Mode only) Positive natural number Natural number from 1 to 12 k Special Financial Calculation Error Messages Compound Interest Mode When calculating “n” I < –100 ..................................
Depreciation Mode When calculating “Depreciation” One or more of “PV”, “FV”, “ i%” is negative value ................................................... Math ERROR n > 255 ............................................. Math ERROR j > n + 1 (YR1 G 12) ........................ Math ERROR YR1 > 12 ................................... Argument ERROR Bond Mode When calculating “PRC” RDV > 0, CPN > 0 not satisfied ........ Math ERROR When calculating “YLD” CPN is greater than 0: RDV > 0, PRC < 0 not satisfied .....
Math ERROR Cause • The intermediate or final result of the calculation you are performing exceeds the allowable calculation range. • Your input exceeds the allowable input range. • The calculation you are performing contains an illegal mathematical operation (such as division by zero). Action • Check the input values to ensure they are within the applicable calculation range. See “Calculation Ranges, Numbers of Digits, and Precision” on page E-137.
the current expression, the cursor changes shape to I to let you know. If the I cursor appears, terminate the expression at a convenient point and calculate the result. Argument ERROR Cause • Financial conditions insufficient for financial calculations (such as YR1 > 12). Action • Check the input values to ensure they are within the applicable calculation range. See “Calculation Ranges, Numbers of Digits, and Precision” on page E-137. k Before assuming malfunction of the calculator...
Reference k Power Requirements and Battery Replacement FC-200V Your calculator uses a TWO WAY POWER system that combines a solar cell with G13 type button battery (LR44). Normally, calculators equipped with a solar cell alone can operate only when relatively bright light is present. The TWO WAY POWER system, however, lets you continue to use the calculator as long as there is enough light to read the display.
4. Wipe a new battery with a dry cloth, and then load it into the calculator with its positive k side facing upwards (so you can see it). 5. Replace the battery cover and secure it in place with its screw. 6. Perform the following key operation: (1) O19(CLR) (2) “All:EXE” (fc), then E (3) E(Yes) (4) A • Make sure you perform the above key operation. Do not skip it. • Replacing the battery initializes the calculator, including the custom shortcut keys and function shortcut keys.
1. Press 1A(OFF) to turn off the calculator. Screw Screw 2. On the back of the calculator, remove the screws and the back cover. 3. Remove the old battery. 4. Load a new battery into the calculator with its positive k and negative l ends facing correctly. 5. Replace the back cover and secure it in place with its screws. 6. Perform the following key operation: (1) O19(CLR) (2) “All:EXE” (fc), then E (3) E(Yes) (4) A • Make sure you perform the above key operation. Do not skip it.
Specifications FC-200V Power Requirements: Solar Cell: Built into the front of the calculator Button Battery: G13 Type (LR44) × 1 Battery Life: Approximately 3 years (Based on one hour of operation per day.) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 40°C Dimensions: 12.2 (H) × 80 (W) × 161 (D) mm 1/2 (H) 31/8 (W) 65/16 (D) Approximate Weight: 105g (3.
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