HP-UX 11i March 2002 Release Notes HP-UX Servers and Workstations Edition 5 Manufacturing Part Number: 5185-4391 E0302 United States © Copyright 1983-2002 Hewlett-Packard Company. All rights reserved.
Legal Notices The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Hewlett-Packard makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this manual, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Hewlett-Packard shall not be held liable for errors contained herein or direct, indirect, special, incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material.
Trademark Notices ActivePerl is a registered trademark of ActiveState Tool Corporation. Apple and Macintosh are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the United States and other countries. AppleShare is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. CHAMELEON is a trademark of NetManage, Inc. DIGITAL and PATHWORKS are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. DiskAccess is a registered trademark of Intergraph. EXCURSION is a trademark of Digital Equipment Corporation.
Publication History The manual publication date and part number indicate its current edition. The publication date will change when a new edition is released. The manual part number will change when extensive changes are made. To ensure that you receive the new editions, you should subscribe to the appropriate product support service. See your HP sales representative for details. • First Edition: December 2000, B3920-90091, (HP-UX 11i), CD-ROM (Instant Information), and Web (http://docs.hp.
Contents 1. Overview of the HP-UX 11i Release What’s in This Chapter? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Where Do I Begin? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . What’s in This Document? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents GSP Logging Capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N4000 and rp7400 Server Functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Platform Infrastructure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Impact on Legacy Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents HP-UX Support Tools: STM, ODE, & EMS Hardware Monitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 MC/ServiceGuard NFS Toolkit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Installation Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Software Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Networking and I/O Card Drivers Pre-Installed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Combining Pre-HP-UX 11i Configuration Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merging with the BTLAN.100 Script . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manual Merging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents control_utils File Improved . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New Environment Variable, SW_COMPATIBLE, Created . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SD-UX Changes to Patch Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . patch_match_target . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Summary of Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Compatibility Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HP-UX SCA Process and Memory Management . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents What’s Included in HP-UX 11i IPv6? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New and Changed Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Identifying IPv6 Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Where to Find Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Auditing Commands/System Calls To Be Obsoleted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Configurable Security Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents aC++ Runtime (libCsup*, libstd*, libstream*, librwtool*) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Unicode Euro Enhancement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Size Requirement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Performance Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Streams PTY Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents wcrtomb() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . wcsrtombs() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . wcsstr(). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . wctob() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 Overview of the HP-UX 11i Release What’s in This Chapter? The purpose of this chapter is to introduce you to the HP-UX 11i release, as well as to help you to use these Release Notes most effectively.
Overview of the HP-UX 11i Release Where Do I Begin? Where Do I Begin? The HP-UX 11i Release Notes describe what is new, has changed, or has become obsolete since the initial release of HP-UX 11.0. As with other HP-UX release notes, HP-UX 11i Release Notes does not completely document all the features of the latest 11i release (in this case, March 2002). Instead, it contains high-level information and pointers to more detailed operating system and product-specific documentation.
Overview of the HP-UX 11i Release What’s in This Document? What’s in This Document? HP-UX 11i Release Notes contains information about the release of HP-UX 11i as of March 2002. It applies only to features that are included in the HP-UX operating system or one of the five Operating Environments (discussed later in this chapter under “What’s HP-UX 11i?” on page 21).
Overview of the HP-UX 11i Release What’s in This Document? • Chapter 3, “Workstation/Server Specific Information,” presents information on which platforms support the 11i release, as well as other platform-specific information. • Chapter 4, “HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications,” presents information on each of the five Operating Environments, including the new “Minimal Technical Operating Environment.” • Chapter 5, “I/0 and Networking Cards,” describes cards and drivers.
Overview of the HP-UX 11i Release What’s HP-UX 11i? What’s HP-UX 11i? HP-UX 11i provides new hardware enablement, additional software functionality, and various HP-UX applications bundled into Operating Environments. HP-UX 11i is the recommended next-level enterprise release for all HP-UX systems currently running HP-UX 10.x or 11.0. See the HP-UX 11i Installation and Update Guide for information on disk and memory requirements.
Overview of the HP-UX 11i Release What’s HP-UX 11i? • HWEnable11i patches, installed by default, which enable the latest hardware on HP-UX 11i. Only a few patches are added at each quarterly release to minimize the number of patches needed to support new systems and I/O devices. • Network and I/O drivers, installed by default, that are required by the operating system and other selectable drivers.
Overview of the HP-UX 11i Release What’s HP-UX 11i? However, it includes only a sparse set of high-demand applications so as not to increase purchase costs, support costs, or license costs over the base OE.* • HP-UX 11i Technical Computing OE contains applications to enable a technical workstation or technical server.
Overview of the HP-UX 11i Release What’s New or Changed in the March 2002 11i OEs? What’s New or Changed in the March 2002 11i OEs? • HP now supports hard partitions on the HP rp7410 server (model 9000/800/rp7410). (See Chapter 2, “nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems,” on page 29.) • HWE Patch Bundle updated to support new servers, I/O adapters, and peripherals. (See “Hardware Enablement Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i)” on page 46.
Overview of the HP-UX 11i Release What’s New or Changed in the December 2001 11i OEs? What’s New or Changed in the December 2001 11i OEs? • The base VERITAS Volume Manager (VxVM) added as an always-installed application for all OEs. (See “Base VERITAS Volume Manager (VxVM)” on page 68.) • The HP Apache-based Web server updated with version 1.3.19.21. (See “HP Apache-based Web Server for HP-UX” on page 70.) • Support Tools updated with version A.29.00 (swlist ID B.11.11.05.
Overview of the HP-UX 11i Release What Was New or Changed in the September 2001 11i OEs? What Was New or Changed in the September 2001 11i OEs? • The Judy Libraries product moved from the selectable applications and now installed with all Operating Environments. (See “Judy Libraries” on page 212.) • Perl programming language installed with all Operating Environments. (See “Perl Programming Language” on page 75.
Overview of the HP-UX 11i Release What Was New or Changed in the June 2001 11i OEs? • Java Runtime Environment and Java Plug-In updated. (See “Plug-In for the Java 2 Platform for Netscape Communicator” on page 77.) • iPlanet Directory Server updated with version B.04.13. (See “Netscape Directory Server (J4258BA)” on page 103.) • Additional hardware enablement. (See “Hardware Enablement Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i)” on page 46.
Overview of the HP-UX 11i Release New Software Pack -- Optional HP-UX 11i Core Enhancements New Software Pack -- Optional HP-UX 11i Core Enhancements New for December 2001 The new “Software Pack -- Optional HP-UX 11i Core Enhancements” CD is included in the HP-UX 11i media kit for December 2001. You can also download Software Pack from HP’s Software Depot (http://software.hp.com). Select enhancement releases, and then hp-ux software pack. The December 2001 Software Pack includes Processor Sets and IPv6.
2 nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Introduction Hewlett-Packard’s new nPartition (hard partition) servers provide highly configurable, high-performance HP-UX system environments. updated for March 2002 In addition to the servers listed below, HP now supports hard partitions on the HP rp7410 server (model 9000/800/rp7410).
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Superdome Systems at HP-UX 11i Superdome Systems at HP-UX 11i new at 11i original release Superdome models differ with regard to the characteristics shown in Table 2-1.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Machine Identifier Machine Identifier updated for June 2001 The uname -i command on your nPartition systems may not return a unique value for each system. To guarantee compatibility on current and future platforms, use the new interfaces to getconf (1) and confstr (3C) to retrieve unique machine identifiers.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Hard Partition Hardware Path Format Hard Partition Hardware Path Format new at 11i original release The HP-UX command ioscan reports the hardware paths for components within the partition in which the command is issued. (Note that the ioscan command reports information only for the currently active hardware components in the local partition. It does not report details for hardware not assigned to the local partition.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems New and Modified Hard Partition Commands New and Modified Hard Partition Commands new at 11i original release Several system administration commands are provided with HP-UX 11i for creating and maintaining partitions on all nPartition systems. Additionally, the existing commands shutdown, reboot, and setboot have been modified to support nPartition platforms.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems New and Modified Hard Partition Commands The interpretation of Autoboot and Autosearch in the command setboot has changed for systems that support hard partitions. The firmware interprets the bits in combination and not individually as done before. In order to approximate the traditional behavior of setboot, the user input for the Autoboot and Autosearch flags is internally mapped to the right combination to achieve the desired behavior.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Partition Manager (parmgr) Partition Manager (parmgr) new at 11i original release A new system administration tool, Partition Manager (parmgr), supports the initial and ongoing configuration of systems that support hard partitions, (such as Superdome systems), and also provides extensive information about the status of a Superdome complex.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Partition Manager (parmgr) • support for new HP server systems • operability on partitions with HP Virtual Partitions (vPars) installed • improvements to the online help • various bug fixes and enhancements, including the following: — Messages and online help associated with card OLAR (online addition and replacement of I/O cards) have been improved for readability and clarity.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Partition Manager (parmgr) PARMGR(1M) Manual Page Error The HP-UX 11i manual page for parmgr (1M) contains the error described below. Note that this error only occurs in the PDF version of the HP-UX Reference (Volume 4 of 9), “System Administration Commands,” published on the Hewlett-Packard Technical Documentation web site (http://docs.hp.com) in December 2000. In the SYNOPSIS section, the pathname of the parmgr command was incorrect.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Partition Manager (parmgr) • A more meaningful error message is displayed when a non-root user attempts to start Partition Manager. • When launching Partition Manager from a PC web browser, a graphic displayed in the initial launch page has been corrected. • If all cells currently assigned to a partition are removed, and others are added, an incorrect message is no longer displayed.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Service Processor (GSP or MP) Service Processor (GSP or MP) Each of HP’s nPartition servers include a service processor that provides server-wide status, maintenance, and console interfaces. NOTE The service processor in HP servers is sometimes called the Management Processor (MP) and sometimes the Guardian Service Processor (GSP).
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems New Attention Indicator Behavior New Attention Indicator Behavior updated for September 2001 The fruled command and Partition Manager now blink the attention indicators (LEDs) on HP Superdome cells and I/O chassis rather than illuminating them in a steady-on state, as was the case with the original 11i release. Likewise, on HP rp7410 and rp8400 servers, the fruled command and Partition Manager behaviors are to blink cell attention indicators.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems New Attention Indicator Behavior or card slots. As a result, sites that have HP Superdome servers running both the original HP-UX 11i release and the HP-UX 11i June 2001 (or later) release can have attention indicators at different states (steady-on and blinking). NOTE These changes do not affect the behavior of the HP rp7410, rp8400 or HP Superdome cabinet “attention” lights, which are not user-controllable.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems New Attention Indicator Behavior 42 Chapter 2
3 Workstation/Server Specific Information Supported Systems updated for September 2001 HP-UX 11i continues to support both a 32-bit and 64-bit version of the HP-UX kernel. NOTE The information in the following tables is subject to change. For the most up-to-date data, refer to http://devresource.hp.com/STK/hpux_faq.html. Table 3-1 Servers The tables below outline the supported HP-UX 11i configurations for HP servers and workstations.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Supported Systems Table 3-1 Servers Bezel or Model 32-bit 64-bit Support Support Comments rp5430 Yes rp5450 Yes rp5470 Yes PA-8700 processors; HP-UX model string: L3000-5X, -6X, or -7Xa rp7400 Yes rp7410 rp8400 Yes Yes Superdome systems: Superdome 16-way, Superdome 32-way, Superdome 64-way T-Class: T5xx T-Class: T6xx V-Class:V22xx,V2500, V2600 Yes PA-8700 processors; HP-UX model string: N4000-65 or N4000-75a (See Chapter 2, “nPartition (Hard Partitio
Workstation/Server Specific Information Supported Systems Table 3-3 Workstations Model(s) 32-bit 64-bit Support Support B-Class: PA-7300LC B-Class: PA-8500 and forward B-Class: PA-8600 C-Class: PA-7xxx C-Class: PA-8xxx C-Class: PA-8500 and forward C-Class: PA-8700 J-Class: PA-7xxx J-Class: PA-8000/8200 J-Class: PA-8500 and forward J-Class: PA-8700 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Comments B132L, B132L+, B160L, B180L Bx000 B2600 C100, C110, C160L C160, C180, C180-XP,C200, C240, C36
Workstation/Server Specific Information Hardware Enablement Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i) Hardware Enablement Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i) The HWE Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i) delivers support for new and future SPU, I/O, and mass-storage products. This bundle is labeled as required, ignited on all systems in manufacturing, and automatically loaded as part of any OE update. It is included on the March 2002 11i OE media and on the Support Plus CD.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Hardware Enablement Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i) • Support for Superdome IO Expansion (IOX) cabinets • Support for all PA 8700-based products • Support for changes of SAM and fruled commands to modify the behavior of PCI Attention light (LED), so that it conforms to PCI Hotplug Specification (See “New Attention Indicator Behavior” on page 40 in Chapter 2.
Workstation/Server Specific Information HP-UX V-Class Changes HP-UX V-Class Changes Single-Bit Memory Error Handling Enhancement new at 11i original release Single-bit memory errors are now handled exclusively by memlogd. This allows the system to remove lockable pages that experience repeated single-bit memory errors. At boot time, the system uses the Page Deallocation Table to remove these pages dynamically from the kernel’s list of free pages.
Workstation/Server Specific Information SCSI Drivers scsi3 and c720 SCSI Drivers scsi3 and c720 updated for September 2001 The table below lists information about the SCSI Host Bus Adapters (HBAs) that the scsi3 and c720 SCSI drivers support for HP-UX 11i. Both the scsi3 and c720 drivers are included in the base 11i Operating Environment. For the most recent information about the SCSI HBAs, you should periodically check the SCSI HBA information at the HP IT Resource Center (ITRC), at http://itrc.hp.com.
Workstation/Server Specific Information SCSI Driver c8xx SCSI Driver c8xx new for March 2002 The c8xx driver is being updated to support two new SCSI PCI Ultra160 Host Bus Adapters (HBAs) that are available beginning in March 2002. The driver is included in the March 2002 HWEnable11i bundle, which is available on the March 2002 11i OE media and on the Support Plus CD. Four patches (PHKL_25712, PHCO_25831, PHKL_24854, and PHKL_25218) are required for the c8xx driver.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Service Processor (GSP or MP) Service Processor (GSP or MP) NOTE The service processor in HP servers is sometimes called the Management Processor (MP) and sometimes the Guardian Service Processor (GSP). Regardless of the name, the service processor in these servers provides approximately the same features and performs essentially the same role. Throughout this document the term “service processor” refers to both the MP and GSP service processors.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Service Processor (GSP or MP) GSP Logging Capabilities The introduction of GSP to the above platforms dramatically changes the way chassis operations and diagnostic evaluations are performed on a running system. The new subsystem requires HP-UX to provide more information than was provided on previous platforms. HP-UX will continue to output the same chassis-codes and forward-progress indicators that have been provided in previous releases.
Workstation/Server Specific Information N4000 and rp7400 Server Functionality N4000 and rp7400 Server Functionality This section describes 11i functionality to enable HP 9000 model’s HP N4000 and rp7400 mid-range servers.
Workstation/Server Specific Information N4000 and rp7400 Server Functionality Impact on Legacy Systems Legacy system users will see minimal impact in their applications or system administration tools due to the changes in the platform infrastructure. Although the configuration files on 64-bit systems (for example, /stand/system and master.
Workstation/Server Specific Information N4000 and rp7400 Server Functionality PAT PSM This software module interacts with N-Class and rp7400 firmware to discover and keep track of the CEC components configured on the N4000 and rp7400. The PAT PSM also provides access to platform-specific hardware components at runtime. Although it may be included and linked into all 64-bit kernels, the PAT PSM is useful only to N4000 and rp7500 systems. As of HP-UX 11.
Workstation/Server Specific Information N4000 and rp7400 Server Functionality The N4000 and rp7400 disassociates interrupt routing/handling from the platform-specific bus adapter. On legacy PCI systems, the interrupt lines are routed to the PCI host bus-adapter chip and handled by the same driver (for example, GSCtoPCI and EPIC CDIOs). On N4000 and rp7400 systems, though the interrupt lines are routed to the LBA (PCI bus interface chip), SAPIC PSM handles the interrupt support instead of the LBA CDIO.
Workstation/Server Specific Information ttytype Support for the N4000 and rp7400 Console ttytype Support for the N4000 and rp7400 Console new at 11i original release Although the ttytype command has been enhanced to support the N4000 and rp7400 console, there are no user-visible changes in the behavior of the command. However, a new ioctl()call has been added to the command to query the Guardian Service Processor (GSP) console driver for the TERM identity.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Workstations Workstations Workstation Graphics Support Graphics Software Support The OpenGL, Starbase, HP PEXlib, and HP-PHIGS 3D APIs are fully supported on HP 9000 PA-RISC workstations and selected servers. HP’s workstation graphics software support includes the run-time and programming environment packages for the 3D graphics APIs named above, plus additional software for technical computing environments.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Workstations updated for June 2001 Most workstations supporting 11.0 do not require a firmware upgrade to run HP-UX 11i. For 64-bit operation, however, please note the following recommendations: System Minimum Firmware Latest Firmware Revision Revision B1000, B2000 2.3 5.0 C200, C240, C200, C240 4.3 6.3 C360 1.0 1.5 C3000, C3600 2.3 4.9 J280, J282 2.1 2.4 J2240 1.2 2.1 J5000, J5600, J6000, J7000 2.3 4.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Workstations • EE Engineering Workstation 32-bit Kernel The 64-bit versions of these parameter sets configure the kernel to use the increased process data space. The CAE/ME/General Engineering Workstation sets are for general workstation use, which includes running typical MDA applications. The EE Engineering Workstation sets are for compute-intensive applications that do not perform large amounts of disk I/O. Many EDA applications fall into this category.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Workstations create_fastlinks fs_async vps_ceiling dbc_max_pct dbc_min_pct 1 1 64 15 15 EE Engineering Workstation 32-bit Kernel Parameter Defaults maxusers maxfiles maxfiles_lim maxdsiz maxtsiz maxssiz shmmax ninode maxuprc npty nstrpty maxswapchunks create_fastlinks fs_async vps_ceiling dbc_max_pct dbc_min_pct 128 200 2048 0x7b03a000 0x40000000 0x04FB3000 0x40000000 4000 256 200 200 4096 1 1 64 15 15 X Window System (X11 R6) Run-Time Libraries on Workstations Th
Workstation/Server Specific Information Workstations 62 Chapter 3
4 HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications The HP-UX 11i Operating Environments new at 11i original release The HP-UX 11i Operating Environments consist of the HP-UX operating system, a set of “always installed” applications (the “environment”), and a collection of additional applications and drivers that you can selectively install.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications The HP-UX 11i Operating Environments Table 4-1 Operating Environment Contents Application HP-UX 11i OE (commercial servers) HP-UX 11i Enterprise OE (commercial servers) HP-UX 11i Mission Critical OE (commercial servers) HP-UX 11i Minimal Technical OE (workstations) HP-UX 11i Technical Computing OE (technical servers & workstations) High Performance Math Libraries (HP MLIB) (see page 92) NO NO NO NO YES HP 3D Technology for the Java Platform (see pag
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications The HP-UX 11i Operating Environments Table 4-1 Operating Environment Contents Application HP-UX 11i OE (commercial servers) HP-UX 11i Enterprise OE (commercial servers) HP-UX 11i Mission Critical OE (commercial servers) HP-UX 11i Minimal Technical OE (workstations) HP-UX 11i Technical Computing OE (technical servers & workstations) OpenGL 3D Graphics Developers Kit and Runtime Environment (see page 91) NO NO NO YES YES Perl Programming Language (see
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications The HP-UX 11i Operating Environments The following applications are selectable and not automatically installed with the Operating Environments.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment HP-UX 11i Operating Environment new at 11i original release The HP-UX 11i Operating Environment is the standard OE from which the Enterprise OE and Mission Critical OE have been derived by adding appropriate applications.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Table 4-3 Always-Installed I/O Drivers on 11i OE Media I/O Driver Description I/O Adapter Product Number GigEther-01 PCI/PCI-X GigEther A6794A RAID-00 PCI RAID A5856A (L, N, A4, A5) Base VERITAS Volume Manager (VxVM) updated for December 2001 The Base VERITAS Volume Manager 3.2 for HP-UX (swlist version B.03.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Manager 3.2. This upgrade will be transparent to customers when updating to the December 2001 release. See the vxdg (1M) manual page for additional information about upgrading disk groups. Documentation All of the VERITAS Volume Manager 3.2 documents are available on the Instant Information CD, as well as on the docs.hp.com web site in both HTML and PDF formats.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment • CIFS/9000 Client Release Note Version A.01.06 (B8724-90012) • CIFS/9000 Client Release Note Version A.01.07 (B8724-90013) NOTE The CIFS/9000 documentation files require 2MB of disk space. Event Monitoring Service (EMS) The Event Monitoring Service (EMS) version A.03.20.01 is a framework used to monitor various system resources.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment The HP-UX release of the HP Apache-based Web Server includes pre-compiled binaries that have been preconfigured to run on HP-UX 11.0 and later releases. It is supported on 32-bit and 64-bit systems. It runs as a 32-bit binary on 64-bit HP-UX 11.0 and 11i. It is not supported on HP-UX 10.20. This version of the HP Apache-based Web Server includes 128-bit strong encryption.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment the pk12util functionality, certmig lists and extracts certificates from iPlanet certificate databases. updated for June 2001 The following new features are included in this version: • mod_perl is configured for Perl 5.005_03. • Tomcat v.3.1.1 compliant with Java Servlets 2.2 and JavaServer Pages 1.1 and contains defect fixes. • PHPv.4.0.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment 5. Go to the Actions menu and select Install. The installation paths are /opt/apache and /opt/tomcat. NOTE By default, swinstall does not reinstall filesets if the same revision already exists on your system. If you want to reinstall the same revision (for example, if some files are lost), you can change the installation options by choosing Options/Change Option.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment updated for December 2001 Support Tools Manager (STM) is the platform for executing online diagnostics. The commands to start it are xstm (GUI interface), mstm (menu-driven interface), cstm (command line interface), or stm (general). With the December 2001 release, STM has been updated to version A.29.00. Offline Diagnostic Environment (ODE) is the platform for executing offline diagnostics.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Documentation The http://docs.hp.com/hpux/diag/ web site also has tutorials, FAQs, Release Notes, and manuals documenting the Support Tools. Although some documentation is also available through other means, such as through the Support Plus CD, the web pages provide the latest information.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment operating system. Kerberos, the primary authentication mechanism for Windows 2000, is integrated with Active Directory Service to provide enterprise-wide account management. This necessitates the implementation of the Kerberos authentication mechanism on HP-UX as a Pluggable Authentication Module.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Coexistence Issues PAM Kerberos (libpam_krb5.1) and PAM DCE (libpam_dce.1) plug-in modules can not be stacked together in the pam.conf file because of different principal styles and credential file paths. If so stacked, the results will be unpredictable. The Kerberos system ftp service may list the /etc/issue file before the expected output. The sis (5) manpage provides detailed information.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Compatibility As of Servicecontrol version A.02.05, the following Operating Systems are supported: • Central Management Servers — — — — HP-UX 11.00 HP-UX 11i Operating Environment HP-UX 11i Enterprise Operating Environment HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment • Managed Nodes — — — — — HP-UX 10.20 and 11.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment • support for workstations as CMS/Managed nodes Documentation For more information, see the mxtool (1) manpage and the following documents available through Servicecontrol’s web site at www.software.hp.com/products/SCMGR: • Servicecontrol Manager Technical Reference v.1.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Enterprise Operating Environment HP-UX 11i Enterprise Operating Environment new at 11i original release The HP-UX 11i Enterprise Operating Environment provides a superset of the features available in the HP-UX 11i Operating Environment described in “HP-UX 11i Operating Environment” on page 67.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Enterprise Operating Environment NOTE The HA Monitors product does not provide Native Language Support. Installation Requirements The HA Monitors software requires a minimum of 4.45MB of disk space and 32MB of memory. Documentation • Using High Availability Monitors (B5736-90025) • High Availability Monitors version A.03.20.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Enterprise Operating Environment Beginning with HP-UX 11i, LVM mirroring now automatically enables SLVM for a two-node environment supporting both non-SLVM and SLVM environments. All LVM systems can mirror their data on disk, and the mirrored copy of the data can also be accessed from a two-node cluster. Impact There have been no changes to the LVM command interface to enable LVM mirroring in the SLVM environment.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Enterprise Operating Environment • support for processor sets — HP PRM introduces a new type of PRM group, called a PSET PRM group, that is based on processor sets. The PSET PRM’s CPU entitlement is specified by assigning it to a subset of the system’s processors.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Enterprise Operating Environment Installation Requirements Process Resource Manager (PRM) requires a minimum of 9MB of disk space and 2MB of memory. Compatibility Issues PRM can be used with any 11.x version of GlancePlus. Documentation • The following documents are available on the HP-UX 11i Instant Information CD and on the Web at http://docs.hp.com/: — The HP Process Resource Manager User’s Guide — HP PRM version C.02.00 Release Notes for 11.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment new at 11i original release The HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment is a high-availability Operating Environment for HP 9000 servers.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment The new toolkit for Oracle 8i Standby Database includes a README file, /opt/cmcluster/toolkit/SGOSB/README-CC, which explains how to use the toolkit for data replication in a Continental Cluster. HP-UX Workload Manager HP-UX Workload Manager (WLM) provides goal-based workload management, enabling automatic resource allocation and application performance management.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment • The HP-UX Workload Manager User’s Guide and the HP-UX Workload Manager A.01.02 Release Notes for HP-UX 11.0 and HP-UX 11i available on the HP-UX 11i Instant Information CD and on the Web at: http://docs.hp.com/ • Manpages: — wlm (5) For more information on HP-UX Workload Manager, see the following web site: http://www.hp.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment Workload Manager Oracle Database Toolkit A.01.00 Release Notes for HP-UX 11.0 and HP-UX 11i, available on the HP-UX 11i Instant Information CD and on the Web at http://docs.hp.com/. • wlmtk (5) manpage MC/ServiceGuard Multi-Computer/ServiceGuard (MC/ServiceGuard) is a specialized facility for protecting mission critical applications from a wide variety of hardware and software failures.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment new at 11i original release Version A.11.09 of MC/ServiceGuard is for use with HP-UX 11.0 and HP-UX 11i, and has all the features found in earlier versions in addition to new functionality, defect repairs, and support for new hardware configurations. Auto-port aggregation is fully supported with 100BaseT network interface cards. The contents of MC/ServiceGuard releases A.11.01 through A.11.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment MC/ServiceGuard is used to create high-availability clusters of HP servers. Computer systems with high-availability clusters allow applications to continue in spite of a hardware or software failure. Such systems protect users from software failures as well as from failure of a system processing unit (SPU) or local area network (LAN) component.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Minimal Technical Operating Environment HP-UX 11i Minimal Technical Operating Environment new for June 2001 New for June 2001, the Minimal Technical Operating Environment is the smallest and most fundamental OE that is defined specifically for HP workstations. It exists to offer an HP-UX 11i solution to the customer who is interested in a low-cost HP Workstation and a correspondingly basic Operating Environment.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Technical Computing Operating Environment HP-UX 11i Technical Computing Operating Environment new at 11i original release Like the Minimal Technical Operating Environment, the Technical Computing OE contains all the base functionality that is common to the other four OEs, including the base 32/64-bit HP-UX Operating System, network drivers, and other always-installed functionality.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Technical Computing Operating Environment • LAPACK 3.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Technical Computing Operating Environment — VECLIB manpages (revised) HP 3D Technology for the Java Platform The HP 3D Technology for the Java 2 Platform contains the classes for creating 3D applications. The HP 3D Technology for the Java Platform may be distributed with your Java applications as long as you adhere to the terms of the LICENSE file. Vendors also need to include an installer.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Technical Computing Operating Environment • Additional MPI-2 support. HP MPI 1.7 expands MPI-2 support of one-sided communications to clusters. Refer to “Appendix C” in the HP MPI User’s Guide, 6th edition, for a full list of MPI-2 support. • New options for handling standard IO. HP MPI 1.7 supports several new options for handling standard IO streams. All standard input is routed through the mpirun process.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Technical Computing Operating Environment Documentation The HP MPI User’s Guide, Sixth Edition and the HP MPI Release Notes are available on the HP-UX 11i Instant Information CD and at the following web sites: • www.hp.com/go/mpi • www.docs.hp.com HP Visualize Conference HP Visualize Conference version 1.4 (B.11.11.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications Selectable Applications The following applications are selectable and not automatically installed with the 11i Operating Environments. Table 4-2 on page 66 lists which applications are available for each Operating Environment.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications • HP Intrusion Detection System/9000 Administrator's Guide, version 2.0 (product no. J5083-90007) Ignite-UX (IUX) Ignite-UX (IUX) is an HP-UX administration toolset to help you do the following: • install HP-UX on multiple systems in your network • create custom install configurations • recover HP-UX systems remotely • monitor system-installation status The complete Ignite-UX product, with support for HP-UX 11i, 11.0 and 10.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications which would report incorrect information since it would find /dev/vg00 before /dev/bpr00. • Additional sanity checks have been added to check for invalid mount points. This includes a missing mount point, a null string mount point, and a mount point that does not begin with a slash (“/”) character. • The subdirectory /etc/opt/OV (part of OpenView) is now permitted to be a mount point.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications # manage_index -a -f /var/opt/ignite/data/Rel_B./core_cfg • The B version of IUX now uses the ndd command to turn off subnet mask checking to allow for subnet masks such as 255.0.0.0. This is only done when installing HP-UX 11.00 or later. • Removing volumes when recovering a system from a make_*recovery backup now correctly results in them being commented out of the /etc/fstab file.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications over the network, you will need to specify that the networking parameters are temporary for the system to come up on the LAN aggregate interface. • A new option -V has been added to bootsys. One or more -V options may be supplied to set a value to a variable. • All options of make_bundles other than -f, will generate content lines with productlevel instead of fileset-level detail.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications • Web Sites: — http://techsolutions.hp.com/ipfilter/ipfilter_homex.html — http://software.hp.com — http://docs.hp.com Java Out-of-Box (JAVAOOB) new for March 2002 Java Out-of-Box (JAVAOOB), version 1.0.00, is a small, installable product that modifies HP-UX kernel parameters and system tunables to allow large server-side Java applications to run.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications Documentation For further information, see the Java web pages at http://www.hp.com/go/java and the release notes that are part of the product. For background information on tuning HP-UX for Java applications and for discussions of specific kernel parameters, see the technical paper “HP-UX Kernel Parameter Configuration for Java” at the developer portal (http://www.hp.com/dspp) under “topics” then “java.” Also at http://www.hp.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications Selectable Network Drivers updated for September 2001 The following table indicates which drivers are selectable during HP-UX 11i installation.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications NOTE This product does not support the iPlanet Web Server. Documentation Other than the unchanged online help for this product, there is no hardcopy or other online documentation associated with it.
HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications 106 Chapter 4
5 I/0 and Networking Cards Online Addition and Replacement of I/O Adapters new at 11i original release Online Addition and Replacement (OLAR) is a new HP-UX software feature that allows for adding and replacing PCI I/O cards (adapters) while a system is running, eliminating the need to reboot. This feature enhances overall high-availability since the system can remain active while an I/O adapter is being added or replaced.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers Network Drivers new at 11i original release New Network Driver btlan Pre-Installed The networking driver for HP-UX 11i has been simplified and is now easier to install and upgrade. The PCI and HSC-based Fast Ethernet network and I/O cards supported by drivers btlan, btlan3, btlan4, btlan5 and btlan6 have been combined into a single driver called btlan. This new driver is pre-installed as part of the kernel.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers • master file • init scripts/conf file • The init script will be hpbtlan and the configuration file will be called hpbtlanconf. • The configuration files under /etc/rc.config.d/ will be replaced by hpbtlanconf. When a cold install is performed, this file will be installed for all btlan driver claimed cards. If, however, an upgrade is done, you can choose to merge the files using pre-update scripts.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers 11.0—hpbtlanconf (btlan), hpbase100conf (btlan3), hpgsc100conf (btlan4), hppci100conf (btlan5) and hpsppci100conf (btlan6), which are in the /etc/rc.config.d directory—are merged into one file. IMPORTANT The configuration files used by the PCI and HSC-based Fast Ethernet networking drivers must be combined, either by use of a script or manually, into one configuration file before upgrading to HP-UX 11i.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers corresponding hardware is present. Driver Name: File Name a. b. c. d. e. btlan -- hpbtlanconf btlan3 -- hpbase100conf btlan4 -- hpgsc100conf btlan5 -- hppci100conf btlan6 -- hpsppci100conf If hardware is present, check to see if any LAN interface is configured. For example, the configuration for hpbtlanconf (btlan) would show as follows: HP_BTLAN_INTERFACE_NAME[0]=lan1 HP_BTLAN_STATION_ADDRESS[0]=0x080009C4686E HP_BTLAN_SPEED[0]=100HD 3.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers b. Second, note that the index value used for the set of three parameters should be unique for each interface. For example: HP_BTLAN_INTERFACE_NAME[0]=lan1 HP_BTLAN_STATION_ADDRESS[0]=0x080009C4686E HP_BTLAN_SPEED[0]=100HD HP_BTLAN_INTERFACE_NAME[1]=lan2 HP_BTLAN_STATION_ADDRESS[1]=0x080009C4B23C HP_BTLAN_SPEED[1]=FULL c.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers supports auto-negotiation and auto-sensing. There is no 1000Base-T card for HSC backplanes. The HSC and PCI 1000Base-SX/9000 products provide the means for interfacing various types of HP 9000 computers to a 1000Base-SX multimode fiber network. It is recommended that your system have at least 128 megabytes of memory when using this product.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers Documentation For detailed information on advanced features and troubleshooting of the Gigabit Ethernet products, see Using PCI 1000Base-T and HSC/PCI 1000Base-SX (Gigabit Ethernet) available on the Instant Information CD or under “Networking and Communications” at http://docs.hp.com.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers same time. The intended users of this API are programmers who want to create applications for managing SANs networks. • As of December 2001, you can use the HSC Tachlite adapters (A6684A and A6685A) on the following additional platforms: — — — — D320 D330 D220 D230 The HSC Tachlite adapters (A6684A and A6685A) will also support boot on K260, K360, K460, D390, R390, K370, K570, and K580.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers Summary of Changes • Boot support for the A6685A and A6685A HSC adapters on selected platforms will be available later in 2001. For the latest information on boot support for these adapters and other support information, see the web site mentioned above.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers — The customer can do an OLA/R of the RAID controller using SAM or the rad command. • New firmware revision (U.01.04) of the RAID controller includes the following new features and fixes since earlier released version (U.01.01) — Provides support for disk firmware download. — Provides capability to handle NVRAM vs. Disk mismatch on replaced boot cards.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers • The clic_ping command is replaced by the clic_probe command Documentation See the HP HyperFabric Release Notes for Application Release 0601 (part number B6257-90029) for more information. Performance Enhancements to the HSC FDDI Driver HP-UX 11i includes code that enhances the HSC FDDI driver. These driver modifications increase performance of the FDDI link by up to 20%.
I/0 and Networking Cards EISA Interface Cards Are Not 64-bit Compatible EISA Interface Cards Are Not 64-bit Compatible HP-UX 11i 64-bit operation does not include support for EISA interface cards; however, they are supported on the 32-bit operating system.
I/0 and Networking Cards Known Problems with HP-PB and EISA 10/100Base-TX/9000 120 Chapter 5
6 Installation Cold Install Changed new at 11i original release The HP-UX operating system is now delivered as part of an operating environment; see “The HP-UX 11i Operating Environments (OE)” on page 21 in Chapter 1 for details. Although HP-UX 11i can be cold-installed with or without an Operating Environment (OE), HP strongly recommends installing a complete OE.
Installation Ignite-UX Changed for 11i Ignite-UX Changed for 11i new at 11i original release Ignite-UX (IUX) is an HP-UX administration toolset to help you install and configure (or recover) HP-UX systems. The complete Ignite-UX product, with support for HP-UX 11i, 11.0 and 10.20, is available on the first CD of the 11i OE media kit. NOTE Ignite-UX will not be installed by default when updating the entire operating system from 10.20 or 11.00 to 11i even if the system currently is an Ignite-UX server.
Installation Ignite-UX Changed for 11i Table 6-1 Ignite-UX 11i Version B vs Version A Support Version B Version A HP-UX Releases Supporting IUX Servers & Systems 11.0 or higher 10.01, 10.10 and 10.20 Minimum Memory Size for IUX Servers & Systems 64MB 32MB Since Ignite-UX server support for HP-UX B.10.01 and B.10.10 has been obsoleted, this functionality will be removed from your system upon updating Ignite-UX to the 11i version. If you wish to continue serving B.10.01 and B.10.
Installation Update-UX Changes Update-UX Changes New Update-UX Product new for March 2002 The update-ux script, once a part of the SW-DIST.SD-UPDATE fileset, has been moved to the new Update-UX product in the Update-UX.UUX fileset. As a result, customers can now install the update-ux script and its accompanying update-ux manpage on a 10.20 or 11.00 system (using instructions in the HP-UX 11i Installation and Update Guide).
Installation Software Distributor (SD-UX) Software Distributor (SD-UX) new at 11i original release Many changes have been implemented in Software Distributor since 11.0. The following sections detail the changes. (For additional Software Distributor information, see also Chapter 12.) Multiple Target Management Capabilities Enabled As part of the Servicecontrol Manager integration, capabilities previously only available through the OpenView Software Distributor version of SD-UX have been enabled.
Installation Software Distributor (SD-UX) CD Searched For Only When Requested With the release of 11.0, SD-UX introduced the automatic discovery and mounting of a CD However, SD-UX always looked for the CD even if that was not what was wanted. This made the start-up of the GUI slower than necessary. While the functionality is still available in the GUI, SD-UX now only performs this action when you push a new button in the Source Dialog called “Find Local CD.
Installation Software Distributor (SD-UX) layout_version=0.8 option is needed for the swpackage and/or swcopy commands used to initially create the depot. (By default, SD-UX commands that create depots will create them in layout version 1.0 format.
Installation Software Distributor (SD-UX) New Environment Variable, SW_COMPATIBLE, Created A new environment variable, SW_COMPATIBLE, has been created for use during the execution of a verify script that is called by the swverify command. If the software being considered is compatible with the system it is installed on, the variable will be set to TRUE. If it is incompatible, it will be set to FALSE.
Installation Software Distributor (SD-UX) corruption enhancement memory_leak panic halts_system By specifying the category (c) tag in the SD-UX version specification, you can select all patches that contain that specific category tag.
Installation set_parms Enhanced available on the HP-UX Instant Information CD and on the http://docs.hp.com web site. Another excellent source of information on SD-UX is the SD-UX web site: http://software.hp.com/SD_AT_HP/ set_parms Enhanced new at 11i original release The set_parms program is a GUI/TUI interface that normally runs only the first time any HP-UX system is booted after installation if hostname/networking information has not been set up in advance.
7 General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Processor Sets Available on Software Pack New for December 2001 What are Processor Sets? HP-UX Processor Sets offer a flexible mechanism for managing system processor resources among multiple workloads, users, and departments within an enterprise. A processor set represents a set of processors grouped together for exclusive access to applications assigned to that processor set.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring The uname Command Outputs B.11.11 • The HP Process Resource Manager User’s Guide available on the September 2001 HP-UX 11i Instant Information CD and on the Web: — http://docs.hp.com — http://www.hp.com/go/hpux The uname Command Outputs B.11.11 new at 11i original release The uname command for identifying the version of HP-UX that your system is running will return the following version name on an 11i system: B.11.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Changes to System Administration Manager (SAM) Changes to System Administration Manager (SAM) The /usr/sbin/sam command starts a menu-driven System Administration Manager (SAM) program that makes it easy to perform system administration tasks with only limited, specialized knowledge of the HP-UX operating system.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Changes to System Administration Manager (SAM) Network File Systems • Support for NFS over TCP/IP. NFS supports exporting a file system using the TCP/IP protocol. Accordingly, the Network File Systems area in SAM has been enhanced to support this new NFS feature. Now, the user can choose between TCP and UDP protocols to export file systems. Network Interface Cards • Added support for Gigabit Ethernet card.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Changes to System Administration Manager (SAM) convenient and easier to use then backtracking to the Devices List from the Peripheral Devices area. • Added new Actions menu item, Analyze Critical Resources. This item displays a dialog listing all resources, including devices, file systems, device files, and processes that are affected if the selected card fails or is suspended from operation.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Changes to System Administration Manager (SAM) Possible Future Changes Performance improvements are planned for Card OLAR code in the Peripherals Devices area. In the future, SAM is planning on obsoleting the following: • Instruments section under the Peripheral Devices area - HP-IB instruments will no longer be supported. • Run SAM on Remote Systems area - The ServiceControl Manager product will be handling multi-system management.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring syslog File Logging Changes for su and login syslog File Logging Changes for su and login new at 11i original release This change will only affect you if you write or use programs or scripts that parse the syslog file. The format of text messages logged in the syslog file by the su and login commands has changed slightly. Specifically, su events are now preceded by ‘su:’ and login events are now preceded by ‘login:’.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring HP Distributed Print Service Deprecated HP Distributed Print Service Deprecated new at 11i original release The HP Distributed Print Service (HPDPS) print environment is being deprecated at 11i and will be removed in a future release. HPDPS, however, will continue to be supported for HP-UX 11.0 and 10.20 until further notice. Four options are available for print services in 11i: 1. the LP spooler, which is part of the HP-UX operating system 2.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Diagnostics: EMS Hardware Monitors Diagnostics: EMS Hardware Monitors The Event Monitoring System (EMS) Hardware Monitors allow you to monitor the operation of a wide variety of hardware products. When monitors encounter failure or other unusual events, they generate messages with Description, Cause, and Action statements which can be used to prevent and reduce downtime caused by hardware failures.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Improved ioscan Description Field for PCI Devices Improved ioscan Description Field for PCI Devices The ioscan command displays I/O devices, memory modules, and CPUs in a tabular form for users. Previously, PCI interface cards were listed in the ioscan output by cryptic values in the ioscan description field. These values have been replaced by PCI device header fields which provide a clearer description for most (common) devices.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring instant Capacity on Demand (iCOD) instant Capacity on Demand (iCOD) updated for September 2001 iCOD and Pay Per Use Version B.04.00 Hewlett-Packard’s instant Capacity on Demand (iCOD) and pay per use (PPU) software products provide the ability to increase or decrease processor capacity instantly on (specified) enterprise servers. iCOD and PPU software products are a part of the HP Utility Pricing Solutions program.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring instant Capacity on Demand (iCOD) — For the most current information, visit the following HP documentation web site and search for “icod users guide”: http://docs.hp.com/ — Printed (part number 5185-6531) - order from the following HP Web site: http://www.hp.com/products1/unixservers/solutions/icod/index.html — September 2001 Instant Information CD — In the iCOD 4.0 software product located in: /usr/share/doc/icodUserGuide.pdf.
8 Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters HP-UX Gang Scheduling new at 11i original release This release includes the ability to “gang schedule” MPI (Message Passing Interface) applications and multi-threaded processes. The gang scheduler permits a set of MPI processes, or multiple threads from a single process, to be scheduled concurrently as a group. Only applications using the HP-UX 11.0 (or later) MPI or pthread libraries can be gang scheduled.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters Kernel Threads vs. CMA Threads Kernel Threads vs. CMA Threads new at 11i original release The CMA threads (libcma) package, which is POSIX P1003.1a (Draft 4) compliant, is based on Concert Multi Thread Architecture (CMA). CMA is a user-level threads package in which thread scheduling and synchronization are handled within the user space without the kernel's assistance. CMA threads have been deprecated (slated for future obsolescence) at HP-UX 11i.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters Large Private Data Space Large Private Data Space new at 11i original release An additional 1 to 2GB of private address space is now supported for 32-bit programs (if enabled on a per process basis), at the expense of shared memory address space. This change increases the amount of private data space available for a process.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters Large Private Data Space library. A program that was linked with a non-shared library version of the C library, however, will need to be re-linked. These changes have no compatibility impacts if the feature is not enabled. This feature can only be enabled for 32-bit programs running on the 64-bit version of HP-UX. The 32-bit version of HP-UX will silently ignore the request for a private 3rd or 4th quadrant.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters Memory Windows Memory Windows Running without memory windows, HP-UX has limitations for shared resources on 32-bit applications. All applications in the system are limited to a total of 1.75GB of shared memory (2.75GB if compiled as SHMEM_MAGIC). In a system with 16GB of physical memory, only 1.75 can be used for shared resources.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters Memory Windows To enable memory windows, set the kernel tunable parameter max_mem_window to the desired amount. Customers can change this value by placing the desired value in their kernel configuration file. The system must be rebooted for the new value to take effect.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters HP-UX SCA Process and Memory Management HP-UX SCA Process and Memory Management new at 11i original release For compatibility reasons, the HP-UX 11i release supports the Scalable Computing Architecture (SCA) programming, locality management, and memory management features that were introduced at HP-UX 11.10 for the HP V-Class SCA servers.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters Dynamic Tunables Dynamic Tunables new at 11i original release A new facility has been added which will allow the retrieving of all tunable values and the setting of a limited number of tunables. If a tunable is dynamic, a change will take place immediately, without the need to reboot the system. Such changes will persist across reboots.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters Asynchronous Disk Pseudo Driver (async) Compatibility Asynchronous Disk Pseudo Driver (async) Compatibility new at 11i original release The async driver is used mostly by databases for doing asynchronous I/O to the disk. Applications that use the async driver must be owned by the superuser, or by a user who is a member of a group for which the privileges include MLOCK.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters System-V IPC Message Queue Enhancement System-V IPC Message Queue Enhancement new at 11i original release System-V IPC is the System-V InterProcess Communications package developed by AT&T and comprises mechanisms for arbitrary processes to send and receive data “messages,” share virtual address space, and use semaphores to synchronize execution. This enhancement applies only to the message subsystem.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters System-V IPC Message Queue Enhancement These concerns arise only for separately-built binaries which share common message queues. A group of binary programs which uses queues less than or equal to 64K are not affected by a separate group of programs which may be using other queues greater than 64K. The special compile-time symbol, __BIGMSGQUEUE_ENABLED, selects the enhanced capabilities.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters System-V IPC SEMMSL Dynamic Kernel Tunable System-V IPC SEMMSL Dynamic Kernel Tunable new at 11i original release The System-V IPC kernel tunable configuration parameter SEMMSL, which sets the maximum number of semaphores per ID which can be grouped within a single System-V IPC semaphore set, has changed from a hard-coded value of 2048 in kernel code to a dynamic kernel tunable. Its minimum and default value is 2048 while its upper limit is 10240.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters SCSI Queue Depth Management SCSI Queue Depth Management new at 11i original release If you have multiple active paths to a SCSI device (LUN), you might need to manage your device queue depths to maximize the device’s performance. This is particularly true with dynamic multi-pathing applications—such as EMC’s PowerPath application—which allow all multiple paths to a LUN to be in use simultaneously.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters Changes to mpctl() System Call Changes to mpctl() System Call new at 11i original release Some extensions have made to the mpctl() system call interface to pre-enable processor set functionality in the HP-UX 11i release. The mpctl() interface provides command requests to query system information, such as the total number of processors and locality domains in the system, and the IDs of all processors and locality domains.
9 New and Changed Disk and File Management Features Additional Support for Striping and Mirroring new at 11i original release Logical Volume Manager (LVM) now supports striping and mirroring for shared volume groups. Previously under HP-UX 11.0, a volume group could not be activated in shared mode if any of its logical volumes were striped or mirrored. This restriction has now been lifted.
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features New Version of Journaled File System (JFS) New Version of Journaled File System (JFS) new at 11i original release HP-UX 11i includes a new version of the Journaled File System (JFS): version 3.3, as opposed to the previous version 3.1. (JFS is also known as the VERITAS File System or VxFS). New features in JFS 3.3 include the following: • support for access control lists (ACLs), the only HFS feature unavailable in JFS 3.
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features New Version of Journaled File System (JFS) http://docs.hp.com and on the Instant Information CD, in both HTML and PDF formats. Compatibility Issues JFS ACLs use a different format from HFS ACLs. However, the new command, vxfsconvert (1M) will convert an HFS file system to a JFS file system, as well as HFS ACLs to JFS ACLs (with the limitation that HFS ACLs with no JFS ACL equivalents are not converted).
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features Network File System Support on TCP/IP Network File System Support on TCP/IP new at 11i original release With for versions 2 and 3, Network File System (NFS) is now supported over the connection-oriented protocol, TCP/IP, in addition to running over User Datagram Protocol (UDP). As a result of this new functionality, NFS is now supported over wide-area networks (WANs). As long as TCP is supported on the WAN, then NFS is supported also.
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features Network File System Support on TCP/IP Documentation Changes The following manpages have been modified for this new feature: • • • • mount_nfs (1M) nfsd (1M) automount (1M) nfsstat (1M) Chapter 9 161
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features Other NFS Changes Other NFS Changes new at 11i original release Three additional features have been added to NFS: • Loopback transport support has been added to transport-independent RPC. • Automatic user-space thread generation has been enabled in the RPC library. • NFS server-side performance enhancements have been added.
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features Mounting and Unmounting NFS File Systems Automatically Using AutoFS Mounting and Unmounting NFS File Systems Automatically Using AutoFS HP-UX 11i provides a daemon that mounts and unmounts NFS file systems automatically. This feature is known as AutoFS. AutoFS coexists with automount and performs the same functions as automount, but has a new, more reliable design. Additionally, AutoFS supports the NFS PV3 protocol whereas the automounter does not.
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features Mounting and Unmounting NFS File Systems Automatically Using AutoFS /sbin/init.d/nfs.client stop This will unmount all mounted AutoFS filesystems and then kill the automountd process. To stop AutoFS without using the /sbin/init.d/nfs.client script, you must enter the following: /usr/sbin/umountall -F autofs kill automounted_pid The automount -n, -M , and -tw options are not supported in AutoFS.
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features Mounting and Unmounting NFS File Systems Automatically Using AutoFS AUTOFS=1 AUTOMOUNT_OPTIONS=”” AUTOMOUNTD_OPTIONS=”” Documentation Change A new manpage, automountd (1M), describes the AutoFS automount daemon. The automountd (1M) manpage has been modified to describe both the old automount daemon and the new AutoFS command. Obsolescence Although all 11.
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features HP Fibrechannel High Availability Disk and Closure HP Fibrechannel High Availability Disk and Closure The HP Fibrechannel High Availability Disk and Closure, also referred to as the FC10, is a Mass Storage Subsystem disk enclosure. This is the design center for Fibre Channel-Arbitrated Loop and future SCSI Enclosures (SES).
10 Internet and Networking Services IPv6 Available on Software Pack What is IPv6? new for December 2001 Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is a new generation of the Internet Protocol that is beginning to be adopted by the Internet community. IPv6 is also referred to as “IPng” (IP next generation). It provides the infrastructure for the next wave of Internet devices, such as PDAs, mobile phones, and appliances. It also provides increased connectivity for existing devices such as laptop computers.
Internet and Networking Services IPv6 Available on Software Pack • Network-Interface Administration Utilities for both IPv4 and IPv6: ifconfig netstat ping route ndd traceroute ndp (a new IPv6-only utility for neighbor-discovery; ndp is similar to the arp utility used with IPv4) • Support in /etc/hosts for both IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses. Look-up policies for IPv6 are identical to those of IPv4. • IPv6 Name/Address Resolution for Name Service Switch: new entry (ipnodes) in /etc/nsswitch.conf.
Internet and Networking Services IPv6 Available on Software Pack Where to Find Information The following customer documentation is available on the Web at http://docs.hp.com. Note that these documents were written for an independent Software Depot release. The information in these documents still applies; however the “Installation” details are written for a Web download only.
Internet and Networking Services Base HP-UX Internet Services Base HP-UX Internet Services NOTE Although HP-UX 11i includes Sendmail 8.9.3, BIND 8.1.2, and WU-FTPD 2.4, you can download the following new versions of these products from HP’s software depot at http://www.software.hp.com under “internet & security”: Sendmail 8.11.1, BIND 9.2, and WU-FTPD 2.6.1. You can find information on these versions’ features and functionality at http://www.docs.hp.com under “Networking and Communications.” Sendmail-8.
Internet and Networking Services Base HP-UX Internet Services PrivacyOptions=noverb The noverb flag will disable the SMTP VERB command that causes sendmail to enter the verbose mode and activate the deliver mode. • Support for new mailer and map class: Mailer: discard A special internal delivery agent named discard is now defined for use with check_* rulesets and header checking rulesets. Map class: regex Sendmail-8.9.3 supports regular expressions using the new map class regex.
Internet and Networking Services Base HP-UX Internet Services than in previous releases of BIND. (The configuration file in previous versions of BIND was named.boot.) There are now entirely new areas of configuration, such as, access control lists and categorized logging. Many options that previously applied to all zones can now be used selectively. The configuration file can be obtained by following these steps: 1. Make sure that Perl is installed on the system. 2.
Internet and Networking Services Base HP-UX Internet Services been eliminated with the introduction of the “PAM-ized” modules. By PAM-izing rexec and remsh services, users belonging to other authenticating services like DCE Integrated Login can use the remsh and rexec services. /etc/pam.conf File Changes To use PAM-ized rexec and remsh, the following lines have to be added to the /etc/pam.conf file: rcomds rcomds auth required account required /usr/lib/security/libpam_unix.1 /usr/lib/security/libpam_unix.
Internet and Networking Services Base HP-UX Internet Services DHCP_DEVICE_GROUP:\ ba:\ pcsn:\ class-name=SUBNET_128_XTERMINAL_GROUP:\ class-id=”xterminal:”\ subnet-mask=255.255.255.0 :\ addr-pool-start-address= 15.14.128.1 :\ addr-pool-last-address= 15.14.128.254 :\ ddns-address=1.2.3.
Internet and Networking Services Network Transport Network Transport new at 11i original release Network Transport includes ifconfig, ndd, netstat, virtual IP address, setsockopt, and t_optmgmt. All are discussed in more detail below. ifconfig The ifconfig subnet mask default now allows all 1’s or all 0’s in the masked part of the subnet field. (The subnet field is that portion of an IP address that identifies the subnet beyond the network portion of the address.
Internet and Networking Services Network Transport Specific Changes 1. All 1’s or all 0’s are now allowed in masked bits of subnet address: ip_check_subnet_addr shows whether or not that RFC1122 or RFC1878 enforces the network subnet mask. If it is a 0 (zero), then the RFC1122 behavior is seen. If it is a 1 (one), then RFC1812 is seen. The default is now RFC1812 behavior. (See ifconfig in the preceding section for more information.
Internet and Networking Services Network Transport Supported parameter values are as follows: 2 Use Timestamps option if initiated by the remote system 1 Always try to initiate the use of Timestamps option 0 Never use Timestamps option 5. With the enablement of socket caching, tcp_conn_strategy can now increase performance by setting how many cached socket structures the system keeps. The default value of 0 (zero) disables the feature. A value between 1 and 512 sets a minimum of 512.
Internet and Networking Services Network Transport Beginning at HP-UX 11i, netstat -I displays statistics accumulated since the last system reboot. This matches netstat -I output for HP-UX releases 10.20 and earlier. Compatibility Issues There could be some compatibility problems with scripts where they look for the “Use” field.
Internet and Networking Services New Versions of FTPD New Versions of FTPD new at 11i original release This release contains a new version of FTPD, which replaces the legacy FTPD. In addition to supporting the FTP protocol defined in RFC 959, the following new features are provided: • Logging of transfers. • Logging of commands. • On-the-fly compression and archiving. • Classification of users by type and location. • Per-directory upload permissions. • Restricted guest accounts.
Internet and Networking Services New Versions of FTPD Table 10-2 New Commands /usr/bin/ftprestart Table 10-3 Table 10-4 Removes the shutdown message file created by the ftpshut utility. New Configuration Files /etc/ftpd/ftpaccess The primary configuration file defining the operation of the new FTP daemon. /etc/ftpd/ftpconversions Defines options for compression/decompression and tar/un-tar operations.
Internet and Networking Services Changes to rwhod Changes to rwhod updated for December 2001 The rwhod daemon now accepts hostnames with supported characters as per RFC 952 only. The supported characters include letters, digits, and the hyphen (-) sign. Hostnames with invalid characters, such as underscores, are now ignored by the rwhod daemon. For more information on RFC952, please see http://ietf.org.
Internet and Networking Services STREAMS/UX STREAMS/UX new at 11i original release Several enhancements have been made to STREAMS/UX, including support for the select() system call, an I/O forwarding mechanism, and Function Registering: • The select() system call for STREAMS/UX devices examines the files or devices associated with the file descriptors specified by the bitmasks, readfds, writefds, and exceptfds.
Internet and Networking Services Low Bandwidth X Extension (LBX) Low Bandwidth X Extension (LBX) The Low Bandwidth X extension (LBX) uses several compression and local caching techniques to improve performance on wide-area networks and on slower speed connections. These techniques reduce the amount of protocol data transported over the network and reduce the number of client-to-server round trips required for common application startup operations.
Internet and Networking Services Low Bandwidth X Extension (LBX) The xrx helper program has been added to the /usr/bin/X11 directory. End users must set up their Web browsers to use this program for files with the rx extension. 2. libxrx.6.3 (the Netscape plug-in) The Netscape plug-in, libxrx.6.3, has been added to the /usr/lib/X11R6 directory. End users must copy this to their $(HOME)/.netscape/plugins directory (or the equivalent) so that files with the rx extension are interpreted correctly.
Internet and Networking Services Low Bandwidth X Extension (LBX) graphics displays can be achieved than otherwise would be possible with a single system with multiple graphics cards. SLS/d provides the X Window system support for part of the 3-D Visualize Center products. SLS/d involves a low-level change in the X server that unites several distributed graphics displays into a logical X Window system. The only user-visible changes are related to system configuration.
Internet and Networking Services Low Bandwidth X Extension (LBX) 186 Chapter 10
11 Security Generic Security Services for Developing Secure Applications new at 11i original release The Generic Security Services Application Programming Interface (GSS API) is a newly introduced product for HP-UX 11i. It contains all the GSS APIs as per RFC 2743 and is implemented as C programming language interfaces as defined in the RFC 2744, “Generic Security Service API: C-bindings.” It provides security services for applications independent of various underlying security mechanisms.
Security Generic Security Services for Developing Secure Applications Size Requirements A minimum of 32MB RAM and 1.5MB hard disk space will be required for installation and usage of the product on HP-UX 11i systems. Compatibility The libgss.sl library has been tested with the Kerberos V5 backend mechanism library (/usr/lib/gss/libgssapi_krb5.sl) and is fully compatible. This library is in the KRB5-Client Software. See the next section for more information.
Security Execute Protected Stacks Execute Protected Stacks new at 11i original release System security can be improved by enabling a new feature that execute protected program stacks. A common method of breaking into systems is by maliciously overflowing buffers on a program's stack. Malicious unprivileged users often use this method to trick a privileged program into starting a superuser shell for them, or similar unauthorized actions.
Security Auditing Commands/System Calls To Be Obsoleted -version. To download the latest version of the JDK/JRE, see http://www.hp.com/go/java. To allow pre-1.2.2.06 programs to run, the executable from stack attribute of the program must be set to enable. To do this, invoke chatr +es enable file, where file is the executable file. This attribute will need to be set to enable for all executables contained in the JDK and JRE. This includes all files contained in the following directories: /opt/java1.
Security Configurable Security Features Configurable Security Features new at 11i original release Administrators now have a new convenient way to customize security features. A new /etc/default/security file is defined. Editing this file provides a way to configure new security features or to modify the behavior of existing security features.
Security Kerberos Client Software Kerberos Client Software new at 11i original release Kerberos is a network authentication protocol. Kerberos Client Software, now provided with HP-UX 11i, enables integrating HP-UX into a secure enterprise environment. It provides tools and libraries to perform authentication and secure communication. The Kerberos protocol is designed to provide strong authentication for client/server applications by using secret-key cryptography.
Security Kerberos Client Software Utilities • • • • • • /usr/bin/kinit: obtain and cache the Kerberos ticket-granting ticket. See kinit (1). /usr/bin/klist: list cached Kerberos tickets. See klist (1). /usr/bin/kdestroy: destroy Kerberos tickets. See kdestroy (1). /usr/bin/kvno: print key version numbers of Kerberos principals. See kvno (1). /usr/bin/kpasswd: change a user’s Kerberos password. See kpasswd (1). /usr/sbin/ktutil: Kerberos keytab file maintenance utility. See ktutil (1).
Security HP-UX Kerberos Server HP-UX Kerberos Server new for September 2001 HP announces a new security product available on the application CD distributed in September 2001. The HP-UX Kerberos Server (T1417AA) provides key distribution facilities to implement the Kerberos authentication protocol in network-distributed enterprises. It is designed to provide strong authentication for client/server applications by using secret-key cryptography.
12 Compatibility Compatibility from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i Hewlett-Packard has a long record of providing HP-UX compatibility. Because it protects your investment and allows you to upgrade easily, compatibility is an important feature that HP has always recognized and that HP customers have come to expect. Compatibility requirements span across HP-UX products to third-party products as well.
Compatibility Compatibility from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i • Adheres to the required practices that are specifically documented • Does not use documented features that are specifically described as having platform, architecture, or configuration limitations • Does not decompose an HP-UX product and then reuse the results of the decomposition NOTE For compatibility issues relevant to a particular component, see the corresponding section elsewhere in this document.
Compatibility Compatibility from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i • Archive and shared relocatable object compatibility: An executable that is created by linking with a shared library that has dependencies on an archive library (a situation that typically occurs when linking with archive system libraries) is not supported. • Data model relocatable object compatibility: An executable created by linking with a mixture of 32-bit and 64-bit objects is not supported. The loader will not permit this.
Compatibility Known Compatibility Exceptions from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i Known Compatibility Exceptions from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i In the following sections, a short description of an 11i change is followed by details of the compatibility exception with which it is associated. Please note that all of these compatibility exceptions are rare corner cases for well-behaved applications.
Compatibility Known Compatibility Exceptions from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i environment variable is not set and fdp_init_ns.o is in the default location, the link will fail with the file not found error message. • ONC+/NFS Security Correction This change corrects a security problem in NIS+. However, applications that are linked to the archived version of the libnsl library may have a compatibility problem. (Applications linked to the shared version of libnsl will not exhibit these symptoms.
Compatibility Known Compatibility Exceptions from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i • MAX_PROCS Changed to Enable 128 CPU Support This change enables support for 128 CPUs. The kernel macro MAX_PROCS has changed from 32 to 128 in the LP64 kernel and has changed the ABI for the undocumented system calls ki_call() and ktest_ioctl(). The MAX_PROCS change will cause an ABI incompatibility for kernel-intrusive applications or drivers which access internal kernel arrays sized by the MAX_PROCS macro.
Compatibility Known Compatibility Exceptions from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i • Support Tools Manager User Interface, EMS Hardware Monitors This change improves the usability for the STM User Interface and the EMS Hardware Monitors. As a result, any script that depends on the specific output of the EMS Hardware Monitors or specific commands or displays in the STM User Interface may have to be modified. See “HP-UX Support Tools: STM, ODE, & EMS Hardware Monitors” on page 73 for more information.
Compatibility Known Compatibility Exceptions from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i • Tighter Security for NFS Mounts This change is necessary to improve the security of NFS mounts. Without this change, when you export a file system using the root= option of exportfs, NFS-clients on the root= option are allowed to mount the NFS file system even when they don't appear on the rw= list and/or access= list.
Compatibility Known Compatibility Exceptions from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i However, you must be careful when naming attributes because typographical errors will no longer be reported.
Compatibility Obsolescence and Deprecation of APIs Obsolescence and Deprecation of APIs This section defines the obsolescence of core system libraries and relocatable objects. Obsolescence of other products are covered in separate sections.
Compatibility Obsolescence and Deprecation of APIs Obsolete: An obsolete interface may have the following characteristics: • • • • • functionality is no longer available on the system runtime support is undefined cannot develop or build with this interface documentation is not provided or recommends against usage the final stage of the product life cycle has been reached The reasons for marking an interface as obsolete may include the following: • underlying infrastructure in either the software or hardwa
Compatibility Obsolescence and Deprecation of APIs Options Applications using CMA threads have the following options: • libcma PA applications will continue to run on future releases of HP-UX, including those supporting IA-64, via compatibility mode. • Applications using libcma should start migrating to POSIX threads (libpthread). • Where the libcma development environment is still available, libcma applications can maintain their existing development environment on 11.
Compatibility Obsolescence and Deprecation of APIs Table 12-1 APIs to be Deprecated/Obsoleted Library/API Description Release Deprecated Native on IA-64 Comments libBSD.a BSD 4.2 library 10.30 No Comparable APIs are in libc. /usr/old/ libmalloc3x.a Old malloc() relocatable objects for compatibility with pre-9.x 10.01 No Use libc malloc(). CMA threads 11.0 & 11i No Use libpthread(). /usr/old/ malloc3c.o libcma.a 11i libcma.1 No libcma.
Compatibility Obsolescence and Deprecation of APIs Table 12-1 APIs to be Deprecated/Obsoleted Library/API Description Release Deprecated Native on IA-64 nl_tools_16() APIs and Macros: Tools to process 16-bit characters. 10.0 No Replaced by _INCLUDE_XOPEN_SOU RCE_EXTENDED 11i No _SVID2 No longer supported. 11i No _XPG2 No longer supported. 11i No _XPG3 No longer supported. 11i No _XPG4 Replaced by _XOPEN_SOURCE 11i No _POSIX1_1988 Replaced by _INCLUDE_POSIX_SOU RCE.
13 Programming What’s in This Chapter? This chapter covers the topics listed below. (For other relevant information, also see Chapter 12, “Compatibility,” on page 195.
Programming HP-UX Software Transition Kit (STK) HP-UX Software Transition Kit (STK) The HP-UX Software Transition Kit (STK) aids in transitioning your software to either the 32-bit or the 64-bit version of HP-UX 11i. To do this, many tools are available to help you resolve issues such as those involving data models and API changes.
Programming Libraries Libraries aC++ Runtime (libCsup*, libstd*, libstream*, librwtool*) new at 11i original release The aC++ runtime provides the run-time environment necessary for deploying C++ based (aC++ compiled) applications on HP-UX 11i. This release of the aC++ runtime includes a new ANSI-compliant Standard C++ library. (The previous version of the runtime included the “classic” C++ STL library that corresponded to the pre-standard [Sept. 1998] definition of the C++ language and library.
Programming Libraries Documentation Detailed manpages for the new library are included with the Independent Software Unit release. The new library is also discussed in aC++ Online Help. Judy Libraries The Judy product is a C language library that enables an unbounded array capability.
Programming Libraries Hardware Architecture HP-PA 2.0 NOTE Type Location on system (from root) 32-bit 64-bit archive none /usr/lib/pa20_64/libJudy.a shared /usr/lib/pa20_32/libJudy.sl /usr.lib/pa20_64/libJudy.sl The 32-bit HP-PA 1.1 shared library (/usr/lib/libJudy.sl) is provided for compatibility only. For best performance on 32-bit machines, use the HP-PA 2.0 shared library (/usr/lib/pa20_32/libJudy.sl).
Programming Libraries threaded applications. In general, the more threads in an application, the more arenas should be used for better performance. Expansion factors control the number of pages to expand each time and assumes the page size is 4096 bytes. The number of arenas can be from 4 to 64 for threaded applications. For non-threaded applications, only one arena is used regardless of whether this environment variable is set or not.
Programming Libraries allow linking the string and memory routines archived but an application as a whole can be linked shared. There are now two different 32-bit system libraries. One is built for use on a PA1.1 machine and the other is built for use on a PA2.0 machine. The correct library is installed at installation time. Other changes to these libraries include a decreased calling overhead for the shared library. Also, the build process makes use of pragmas introduced in release 10.
Programming Libraries Although the build process for /usr/lib/pa20_64/libc.2 library has not changed, the runtime architecture for HPPA-2.0 can make use of a reduced call overhead technology similar to that which exists with the 32-bit library. There is no restriction on matching the correct /usr/lib/pa20_64/libc.2 with the fastcalled application like there is with the 32-bit library.
Programming Libraries • nftw() nftw() was rewritten similarly to ftw() with the same benefits. nftw() now fully conforms with the UNIX95 definition, including the fact that when the FTW_PHYS is not set, files are reported only once. Threaded applications can obtain greater concurrency when specifying absolute path names for the starting path, and FTW_CHDIR is not set. In addition, an internal unbalanced binary tree was replaced with a much more efficient splay tree.
Programming Libraries speed performance for some kernel-threaded applications, by reducing mutex contention among threads and by deferring coalescence of blocks. The thread-private cache is only available for kernel-threaded applications, i.e. those linked with the pthread library. The installed shared pthread library version must be PHCO_19666 or later, or the application must be statically linked with an archive pthread library that is version PHCO_19666 or later, or else cache is not available.
Programming Libraries The smallest ordinary cache that is legal and will activate small block caching (if the SBA is also configured) is _M_CACHE_OPTS=1:8:0 It can happen that activating small block caching with this minimum level of ordinary cache gives all the performance benefit that can be gained from malloc cache, and increasing the ordinary block cache size further does not improve matters. Or, increasing cache size further may give some further improvement for a particular application.
Programming Libraries same name, as is the case today with libc names. If this library is used, user libraries cannot contain identically named functions or unexpected results may occur. Impact Performance of some applications may improve by using this library. The improvement is highly dependent on the application’s use of the included functions. Documentation The libcres.a (5) manpage describes the libcres.a library’s use more thoroughly. Changes to libm The fesetround() and fehold() functions in fenv.
Programming Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Linker and Object File Tools (ld, crt0.o, dld.sl, libdld.sl, chatr, and odump) new at 11i original release The following list summarizes the changes to linker and object file tools. Details for several of the linker changes follow the lists. Linker Changes • Incremental linking supported in 64-bit ld and elfdump. • Unix 98 (32-bit dl()* calls) supported in libdld.sl and dld.sl. • 32-bit Filtered shared libraries supported in ld, dld.sl and in odump.
Programming Miscellaneous 32-bit programs. Filtered Libraries: Filtered shared libraries divide up a large library into one filter and several implementation libraries. The user links against the filter library, but the real definitions of data and functions actually resides in the implementation libraries. At run time, only those implementation libraries that are actually used are loaded.
Programming Miscellaneous • Added global symbol table support. • Added support for object code repository reuse. Neither functionality nor compatibility are affected by the code changes. However, for 64-bit programs, mixing object files having non-weakorder sections with object files having weakorder sections might cause the ordering of text sections to change. The new version of the linker requires 34112 blocks.
Programming Miscellaneous earlier restricted to US/Canada is now available for all customers. This means there will only be one version of the DCE library and dced daemon, which is based on the 56-bit DES version. NOTE The number of LAN interfaces supported by DCED is limited to 32 and the LAN interfaces supported by CDS is 12.
Programming Miscellaneous Compatibility Issues All applications using the 64-bit library libdcekt may need to include /usr/include/dce/dce64.h. DCE server products are not supported on workstations (Series 700 machines). Documentation The site http://devresource.hp.com/STK contains 64-bit porting concepts and 64-bit compiler and linker changes needed to port the application to 64-bit.
Programming Miscellaneous maintain relocatable object compatibility and portability across the proposed change. This is documented in the manpage. pstat() is not part of an industry standard, but was designed to accommodate changes of this nature while maintaining compatibility with earlier versions.
Programming Miscellaneous pst_stream The PSTAT stream structure contains detailed information pertaining to a stream entity. This includes information about the head, names of modules pushed, and the driver of the stream. pst_mpathnode This structure is returned by pstat_getmpathname() routine that provides a copy of the DNLC entries for a given file system.
Programming Miscellaneous this is expected to be the case only for prototype machines or other systems improperly configured in manufacturing. _CS_PARTITION_IDENT Identifier for each partition existing on a machine. Returned as an opaque string of printable ascii characters. For any machine not supporting partitions this value will be same as _CS_MACHINE_IDENT. _CS_MACHINE_SERIAL Machine serial number as found labeled on the external machine chassis. The value will be a printable ascii string.
14 Licensing Products Future Change for LicensePower/iFOR HP plans to remove LicensePower/iFOR from the Core HP-UX software in a future release. This licensing product can be obtained directly from Isogon Corporation, the owner of the product. To download LicensePower/iFOR, go to Isogon’s Web site: http://www.isogon.com/support/sptlpifor/download/download.
Licensing Products Impending LSSERV Software Obsolescence Impending LSSERV Software Obsolescence new at 11i original release HP-UX 11i is the last release that will contain the LSSERV licensing product as a bundled part of the operating system. You can obtain this product directly from its owner, the Isogon Corporation. You can also visit the Isogon Corporation web site for further information about LSSERV support at http://www.isogon.com.
15 New and Changed Internationalization Features Unicode Character Set HP-UX 11i provides system level support for the Unicode 2.1/ISO-10646 character set. Hewlett-Packard’s support for Unicode provides a basis of enabling heterogeneous interoperability for all locales. ISO-10646 is an industry standard for defining a single encoding which uniquely encodes all the world’s characters. Unicode 2.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Unicode Character Set Table 15-3 Asian zh_CN.utf8 Simplified Chinese zh_HK.utf8 Traditional Chinese (Hong Kong) zh_TW.utf8 Traditional Chinese To enable Unicode support in applications, set the environment variable to a desired utf8 locale. Locales are installed based on the current language file sets already installed on the target system. For example, if the system uses the International.German the German Unicode locale (de_DE.utf8) is installed.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Unicode Character Set Base Unicode offering (installed on all systems): Approximately 10MB. Table 15-5 Table 15-6 Unicode European locales and localized files French & French Canadian 8.4 MB German 4.2 MB Italian 4.2 MB Spanish 4.2 MB Swedish 4.2 MB Unicode Asian locales and localized files Japanese 3.4 MB Korean 2.4 MB Simplified Chinese 2.5 MB Hong Kong 1.7 MB Traditional Chinese 4.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Corrected Character Mappings to iconv(1) and iconv(3C) Corrected Character Mappings to iconv(1) and iconv(3C) This release contains defect fixes for incorrect character mappings. The corrections concern the Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese, Japanese, and Korean characters of HP-UX. Corrected character converter mappings allow for improved interoperability when sending or receiving converted character data to/from Unicode-aware systems.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Corrected Character Mappings to iconv(1) and iconv(3C) In the case of Big-5 to/from UCS2/UTF-8, the “Ideographic Space” character was absent in the Unicode conversion table mapping: big5 incorrect UCS2 correct UCS2 Char Name 0xA140 - 0x3000 Ideographic Space The following table summarizes the changes applied for conversions between eucTW and UCS2: eucTW incorrect UCS2 correct UCS2 Character Name 0xa1a6 0x30fb 0x2022 Bullet 0xa1b7 0x2014 0x2013
New and Changed Internationalization Features Corrected Character Mappings to iconv(1) and iconv(3C) of an incorrect value in either UCS2 or UTF-8 and convert it to the correct value, based on the following mappings: Old UCS2 UCS2 Old UTF-8 UTF-8 Char Name 0x30fb 0x2022 0xe383bb 0xe280a2 Bullet 0x2014 0x2013 0xe28094 0xe28093 EN Dash 0x2013 0x2014 0xe28093 0xe28094 EM Dash 0xfe31 0xff5c 0xefb8b1 0xefbd9c Fullwidth Vertical Line 0xfe32 0xfe31 0xefb8b2 0xefb8b1 Presentation form V
New and Changed Internationalization Features Corrected Character Mappings to iconv(1) and iconv(3C) tables. These tables are shared by both UCS2 and UTF-8 conversions. No compatibility problems are anticipated.
New and Changed Internationalization Features EURO (ISO 8859-15 Locales) EURO (ISO 8859-15 Locales) Euro support is provided via locale support for the ISO 8859-15 character set. ISO 8859-15 is a newly ratified character set that differs from ISO 8859-1 in that it supports eight new characters. Specific enhancements are provided to allow Euro display, input, and processing capabilities. Fourteen new locales have been created based on ISO 8859-15: Locale Language (Country) C.iso885915 “C” da_DK.
New and Changed Internationalization Features EURO (ISO 8859-15 Locales) For example, in the French locale, the thousands separator is a space and the decimal point is a comma. However, the international standard for the thousands separator for the euro currency is a period. So, a user that has the LC_MONETARY locale category set to “fr_FR.
New and Changed Internationalization Features EURO (ISO 8859-15 Locales) then reside in the printer’s RAM until the next power cycle. Use the lp option -ocs9N (or -oscs9N ) to select the ISO 8859-15 character set as the primary (or secondary) character set. For example: lp -dprinter_name -ocs9N -oother_ options print_filename NOTE The case is significant. Be sure to use an upper case “N”.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Euro - ISO 10646/Unicode Support Euro - ISO 10646/Unicode Support new at 11i original release HP-UX 11i provides system level support for the Unicode 2.1/ISO-10646 character set. Hewlett-Packard's support for Unicode provides a basis of enabling heterogeneous interoperability for all geographic areas. ISO-10646 is an industry standard for defining a single encoding which uniquely encodes all the characters of the modern world. Unicode 2.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Euro - ISO 10646/Unicode Support Locale Language/Country i_FI.utf8 Finnish (Finland) fr_FR.utf8 French (France) is_IS.utf8 Icelandic (Iceland) it_IT.utf8 Italian (Italy) nl_NL.utf8 Dutch (The Netherlands) no_NO.utf8 Norwegian (Norway) pt_PT.utf8 Portuguese (Portugal) sv_SE.utf8 Swedish (Sweden) When the LANG and/or LC_* environment variables are set to a euro-supported locale, the national monetary formatting rules are used.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Euro - ISO 10646/Unicode Support Commands The localedef (1M) command has been enhanced to handle @euro modifier in order to build dual currency locale(s). The lp (1) model scripts for the dual currency locales have been enhanced to print euro character. libc Standard libc supports @euro dual currency. Codeset Converters New iconv converter tables exist to support conversion from/to utf8, ucs2 and iso885915, PC code pages and IBM's euro enabled code pages.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Euro - ISO 10646/Unicode Support Table 15-11 ucs2 and PC code pages (EBCDIC) ucs2 <-> cp437 ucs2 <-> cp737 ucs2 <-> cp775 ucs2 <-> cp850 ucs2 <-> cp852 ucs2 <-> cp855 ucs2 <-> cp857 ucs2 <-> cp1860 ucs2 <-> cp861 ucs2 <-> cp862 ucs2 <-> cp863 ucs2 <-> cp864 ucs2 <-> cp865 ucs2 <-> cp866 ucs2 <-> cp869 ucs2 <-> cp874 ucs2 <-> cp1250 ucs2 <-> cp1251 ucs2 <-> cp1252 ucs2 <-> cp1253 ucs2 <-> cp1254 ucs2 <-> cp1255 ucs2 <-> cp1256 ucs2 <-> cp1
New and Changed Internationalization Features Asian System Environment (ASE Asian System Environment (ASE new at 11i original release HP-UX provides Asian systems for the Asian countries of the Far East, consisting of the following products: JSE Japanese System Environment KSE Korean System Environment SSE Simplified-Chinese System Environment TSE Traditional-Chinese System Environment HP-UX provides several Asian enhancements as server features, including some new Asian codesets, UDC (User Define
New and Changed Internationalization Features Asian System Environment (ASE NOTE By installing optional Font DIMM on these printers, you can print text with TrueType fonts. To use TrueType fonts, you have to configure a printer with PCL5.asian model file for the LP Spooler, or with 2BPCL5.asx printer model for HPDPS. ❏ HPDPS common printer model directory For HPDPS, the common printer model directories PCL5.asx, 2BPCL5.asx and ESCP.asx are provided for future new printer support.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Asian System Environment (ASE using the specified model file on the LP Spooler or printer model on HPDPS: Table 15-12 New Printer Models for JSE Printer LP Spooler Model File HPDPS Printer Model File HP LaserJet 5sia PCL5.nloo (PCL5.asian) PCL5.asx (2BPCL5.asx) HP HITPCPDA ESCP ESCP.asx HP HITHTS4A ESCP ESCP.asx HP HITKD20A ESCP ESCP.asx HP HITKD45A ESCP ESCP.asx Canon LBP-850 LIPS4 LIPS4.asx Canon LBP-930EX LIPS4 LIPS4.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Asian System Environment (ASE b. Printing text files on expanded A3 (called “A3-Nobi” in Japan) paper is not supported. c. There are restrictions of page length setting on ESC/P mode. For detail, see manual of the printer and online document /usr/share/doc/PRINTER-JPN-S[E]. ❏ HPDPS common printer model directory For HPDPS, the common printer model directories LIPS3.asx, LIPS4.asx and PS.asx are provided for future new printer support.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Asian System Environment (ASE ❏ Unicode The Korean UTF-8 locale ko_KR.utf8 is supported. On this locale, you can input, display and print UTF-8 characters. There is support for characters defined in standards KSC 5636 (1989) and KSC 5601 (1987). UDC (User Defined Characters or GAIJI) and VDC (Vender Defined Characters) are not supported. For details, see the document /usr/share/doc/ASX-UTF8.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Asian System Environment (ASE ❏ X Print Server TSE supports printing via the X Print Server to PCL printers. ❏ HongKong big5 Support (new) Locale support is provided with the big5 codeset for HongKong. HP provides support for the HongKong big5 locale, zh_HK.big5. HongKong big5 locale is similar to Traditional Chinese big5 locale. The difference between these two locales are in monetary and date/time properties which reflect local cultural conventions.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Asian System Environment (ASE — If you use ‘KANA’ input (not ‘ROMAJI’ input) as the key input method at ‘YOMI’ input, and you input a ‘KANA’ character and ‘HANDAKUTEN’ or ‘DAKUTEN’ successively, the input method server does not compose ‘KANA’ with ‘DAKUTEN’ or ‘HANDAKUTEN’ as one character, but displays the ‘KANA’ character and ‘DAKUTEN’ or ‘HANDAKUTEN’ symbol.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Asian System Environment (ASE — The Yen key on JIS keyboard with X terminal does not work correctly. To use the Yen key, execute the command. $ xmodmap -e "keysym yen = backslash bar prolongedsound" ❏ 106/109 Keyboard — You cannot turn off EGBridge (although you can turn on). The solution is to change the key map file $HOME/.egb/EGBMap (for personal use) or /etc/opt/egb/config/EGBMap (for system use).
New and Changed Internationalization Features Enhanced Print Capabilities in the Asian System Environment Enhanced Print Capabilities in the Asian System Environment HP-UX 11i contains enhancements to the printer capabilities of four Asian-country system environments (JSE, KSE, SSE, TSE), as itemized below. Changes Common to All ASEs • LP Model File: Supports new printers: The PCL5.nloo model file supports Asian text printing on following printers.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Enhanced Print Capabilities in the Asian System Environment directories, LIPS3.asx, LIPS4.asx, PS.asx and 2BPCL5.asx for future printer support. Users can use these model directories as model or sample implementation of a printer-model. Users may copy these sample printer model directories to a directory under /var/opt/pd/lib/model with an appropriate name and customize it to suit the printer being configured.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Multibyte Support Extension and Unix98 Support Multibyte Support Extension and Unix98 Support new at 11i original release A new set of multibyte APIs have been added to libc following the C99 specification (ISO/IEC 9899:1999), and the Unix98 specification.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Multibyte Support Extension and Unix98 Support How to Get MSE/Unix98 Behavior In order to get MSE/Unix98 behavior, the programs have to be compiled with the -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=500 macro definition and the variable has to be defined in the environment. Under the Korn, Bourne, and POSIX shells, this is done with: UNIX_STD=98 export UNIX_STD Under the C shell this is done using setenv UNIX_STD 98 A cc compiler equal to HP92453-01 A.11.01.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Multibyte Support Extension and Unix98 Support towctrans() towctrans() is provided for character transliteration. The current setting of the LC_CTYPE category should be the same as during the call to wctrans()-. vfwprintf(), vswprintf(), vwprintf() These APIs are provided for printing wide-character formatted output of a stdarg argument.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Multibyte Support Extension and Unix98 Support fputwc(), putwc(), putwchar() The type of first argument is changed from wint_t to wchar_t. freopen() Regardless of the mode of underlying stream, after a successful call to the freopen() function, the orienting of the stream is cleared and the associated mbstate_t object is set to describe an initial conversion state. wcschr(), wcsrchr() The type of second argument is changed from wint_t to wchar_t.
