HP-UX 11i September 2002 Release Notes HP-UX Servers and Workstations Edition 7 Manufacturing Part Number: 5187-1361 E0902 United States © Copyright 1983-2002 Hewlett-Packard Company. All rights reserved.
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• Fourth Edition: December 2001, 5185-4304, (HP-UX 11i), CD-ROM (Instant Information), and Web (http://docs.hp.com) • Fifth Edition: March 2002, 5185-4391, (HP-UX 11i), CD-ROM (Instant Information), and Web (http://docs.hp.com) • Sixth Edition: June 2002, 5187-0172, (HP-UX 11i), CD-ROM (Instant Information), and Web (http://docs.hp.com) • Seventh Edition: September 2002, 5187-1361, (HP-UX 11i), CD-ROM (Instant Information), and Web (http://docs.hp.
Contents 1. Finding HP-UX 11i Documentation What’s in This Chapter? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Where Do I Begin? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . What’s in This Document? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 5. Workstation/Server Specific Information What’s in This Chapter? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supported Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents MirrorDisk/UX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Process Resource Manager (PRM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment (MCOE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Enterprise Cluster Master (ECM) Toolkit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Update-UX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New Update-UX Product . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Diagnostics: EMS Hardware Monitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Integration with Other Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Improved ioscan Description Field for PCI Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . instant Capacity on Demand (iCOD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Other Operational Differences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Additional Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Documentation Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Documentation Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Execute Protected Stacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents HP DCE/9000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Extensions to pstat() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Changes to sendfile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machine Identifier Changes to confstr . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents 17. Licensing Products Future Change for LicensePower/iFOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317 Impending LSSERV Software Obsolescence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents 14
1 Finding HP-UX 11i Documentation What’s in This Chapter? The purpose of this chapter is to help you to use these Release Notes most effectively.
Finding HP-UX 11i Documentation Where Do I Begin? Where Do I Begin? The HP-UX 11i Release Notes describes what is new, has changed, or has become obsolete for HP-UX 11i version 1.0 (B.11.11) since the initial release of HP-UX 11.0. As with other HP-UX release notes, the HP-UX 11i Release Notes does not completely document all the features of the latest 11i version 1.0 release. Instead, it contains high-level information and pointers to more detailed operating system and product-specific documentation.
Finding HP-UX 11i Documentation What’s in This Document? a. The /usr/share/doc directory contains only the original release note for 11i. For up-to-date release notes, see the Instant Information CD and http://docs.hp.com. b. If you are updating to HP-UX 11i (as opposed to cold-installing), your system must first be running either HP-UX 11.0 or 10.20. What’s in This Document? The HP-UX 11i Release Notes describes what is new, has changed, or has become obsolete with HP-UX 11i version 1.
Finding HP-UX 11i Documentation How Is Release Information Identified? How Is Release Information Identified? Throughout these Release Notes, the current release might be referred to as “HP-UX 11i as of September 2002,” “HP-UX 11i version 1.0,” “HP-UX 11i,” or just “11i.” Generally, the newest release information is listed first, followed by information about previous releases. This information is then followed, if applicable, by pointers to the most current documentation on the individual product.
Finding HP-UX 11i Documentation What’s in the Remaining Chapters? What’s in the Remaining Chapters? Here is a listing of the remaining chapters of these Release Notes: Chapter 1 • Chapter 2, “What’s New at a Glance,” provides a quick overview of the changes to HP-UX first introduced in the initial release of HP-UX 11i and in subsequent updates to the release. • Chapter 3, “HP-UX 11i Version 1.
Finding HP-UX 11i Documentation What’s in the Remaining Chapters? 20 Chapter 1
2 What’s New at a Glance What’s in This Chapter? The purpose of this chapter is to give you a quick overview of the changes to HP-UX first introduced in the initial release of HP-UX 11i version 1.0 and in subsequent updates to the release. Details of the changes are given in other chapters, which are cross-referenced.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the September 2002 Release? What’s New in the September 2002 Release? Chapter 5: Workstation/Server Specific Information • FireGL-UX graphics adapter card (A7789A) now supported. (See “Hardware Enablement Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i)” on page 61 and “Graphics Hardware Support” on page 76.) • IDE/ATAPI support added for optical units A8068A, A7853A, A5001A. (See “Hardware Enablement Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i)” on page 61.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the September 2002 Release? • PAM Kerberos has been updated with the pamkrb5val tool and a sample pam.conf file. (See “Pluggable Authentication Module (PAM) Kerberos” on page 102.) • ServiceGuard Manager administration feature updated to version A.02.01 with minor enhancements to functionality. (See “MC/ServiceGuard” on page 116.) • TechSysConf updated with parameter and other changes. (See “Technical System Configuration (TechSysConf)” on page 121.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the June 2002 11i Release? What’s New in the June 2002 11i Release? Chapter 4: nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems (see page 41) • HP nPartitions servers now support faster PA-8700 processors on HP Superdome, rp8400, and rp7410. (See “Introduction” on page 42.) Chapter 5: Workstation/Server Specific Information (see page 57) • HWE Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i) now supports faster processors and additional I/O adapters and devices.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the June 2002 11i Release? • Netscape Communicator updated to version 4.79 (B.11.11.09). (See “Netscape Communicator” on page 101.) • Netscape Directory Server has been updated to version B.04.16. (See “Netscape Directory Server (J4258CA)” on page 139.) • Process Resource Manager updated to version C.02.00.02 to support a logging option and improvements to the prm2d memory manager. (See “Process Resource Manager (PRM)” on page 108.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the March 2002 11i Release? What’s New in the March 2002 11i Release? Chapter 4: nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems (see page 41) • HP now supports hard partitions on the HP rp7410 server (model 9000/800/rp7410). Chapter 5: Workstation/Server Specific Information (see page 57) • HWE Patch Bundle updated to support new servers, I/O adapters, and peripherals. (See “Hardware Enablement Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i)” on page 61.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the March 2002 11i Release? Chapter 8: Installation (see page 159) • New Update-UX product now enables customers to install the update-ux script and its accompanying update-ux manpage on a 10.20 or 11.00 system. (See “New Update-UX Product” on page 163.) Chapter 15: Programming (see page 263) • Chapter 2 Support for CXperf discontinued. (See “Changes to the linker/dld Interface” on page 275.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the December 2001 11i Release? What’s New in the December 2001 11i Release? Chapter 5: Workstation/Server Specific Information (see page 57) • Additional hardware enablement. (See “Hardware Enablement Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i)” on page 61.) Chapter 6: HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications (see page 81) • The base VERITAS Volume Manager (VxVM) added as an always-installed application for all OEs.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the September 2001 11i Release? What’s New in the September 2001 11i Release? Chapter 5: Workstation/Server Specific Information (see page 57) • Additional hardware enablement. (See “Hardware Enablement Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i)” on page 61.) Chapter 6: HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications (see page 81) Chapter 2 • The base VERITAS Volume Manager (VxVM) added as a selectable application for the three commercial server OEs.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the September 2001 11i Release? 30 • HP MPI updated with version 1.7. (See “HP Message-Passing Interface (MPI)” on page 128.) • Ignite-UX updated with version 3.4 to incorporate defect fixes. (See “Ignite-UX (IUX)” on page 134.) • PCI RAID driver updated to support A400 and A500 servers. (See “Selectable Network Drivers” on page 140.) • ATM and TermIO drivers updated. (See “Selectable Network Drivers” on page 140.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the June 2001 11i Release? What’s New in the June 2001 11i Release? Chapter 4: nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems (see page 41) • Partition Manager updated to support new hardware. (See “Partition Manager (parmgr)” on page 48.) • Additional hardware enablement. Chapter 6: HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications (see page 81) • HP Apache-based Web Server updated to fix defects and enhance performance.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the Original 11i Release? What’s New in the Original 11i Release? The following list includes changes introduced after the initial release of HP-UX 11.0 as part of Extension Packs and/or ACE releases (which were subsequently incorporated into HP-UX 11i), as well as changes introduced at the initial release of HP-UX 11i. For an introduction to HP-UX 11i and an overview of its features, see Chapter 3, “HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Release Overview,” on page 37.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the Original 11i Release? Chapter 7: I/0 and Networking Cards (see page 143) • Online Addition and Replacement (OLAR) enables the adding and replacing of PCI I/O cards (adapters) while a system is running. (See “Online Addition and Replacement of I/O Adapters” on page 144.) • By eliminating driver installation and combining multiple drivers into one, the set-up or upgrade of networking and I/O products has been made easier. (See “Network Drivers” on page 145.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the Original 11i Release? • CMA threads deprecated and kernel threads implemented. (See “Kernel Threads vs. CMA Threads” on page 191.) • Amount of private data space available increased. (See “Large Private Data Space” on page 192. • The creation of unique memory windows for shared objects now allowed for 32-bit processes. (See “Memory Windows” on page 194.) • Dynamic tunables enabled. (See “Dynamic Tunables” on page 197.) • System-V IPC message queue enhanced.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the Original 11i Release? • STREAMS/UX enhanced. (See “STREAMS/UX” on page 231.) • Low Bandwidth X Extension (LBX) improves performance on wide-area networks and on slower speed connections. (See “Low Bandwidth X Extension (LBX)” on page 232.) Chapter 13: Security (see page 235) • Generic Security Services Application Programming Interface (GSS API) introduced to provide security independent of underlying security mechanisms and communication protocols.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the Original 11i Release? Chapter 16: New and Changed Internationalization Features (see page 283) 36 • Improved interoperability enabled through system level support provided for the Unicode 2.1/ISO-10646 character set. (See “Unicode Character Set” on page 285.) • Improved interoperability enabled through corrected character converter mappings. (See “Corrected Character Mappings to iconv(1) and iconv(3C)” on page 288.
3 HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Release Overview What’s in This Chapter? The purpose of this chapter is to introduce you to the HP-UX 11i version 1.0 release. The following topics are covered: • What’s HP-UX 11i Version 1.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Release Overview What’s HP-UX 11i Version 1.0? What’s HP-UX 11i Version 1.0? HP-UX 11i version 1.0 provides new hardware enablement, additional software functionality, and various HP-UX applications bundled into Operating Environments. HP-UX 11i version 1.0 is the recommended next-level enterprise release for all HP-UX systems currently running HP-UX 10.x or 11.0. See the HP-UX 11i Installation and Update Guide for information on disk and memory requirements.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Release Overview The HP-UX 11i Operating Environments (OEs) The HP-UX 11i Operating Environments (OEs) new at 11i original release Beginning with HP-UX 11i version 1.0, the operating system is delivered as part of an HP-UX Operating Environment (OE), an integrated and tested software solution containing the operating system and selected applications. The following software bundles are always delivered with an Operating Environment.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Release Overview New Software Pack -- Optional HP-UX 11i Core Enhancements • HP-UX 11i Enterprise OE Contains the HP-UX 11i OE and additional applications to enable an enterprise-level server. Products include OnLineJFS 3.3, GlancePlus, MirrorDisk/UX, and other applications.* • HP-UX 11i Mission Critical OE Contains both the HP-UX 11i OE and the HP-UX 11i Enterprise OE plus applications to enable a mission-critical server, such as MC/ServiceGuard and HP-UX Workload Manager.
4 nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems What’s in This Chapter? This chapter covers the following topics: Chapter 4 • Introduction (see page 42) • Superdome Systems at HP-UX 11i (see page 43) • Machine Identifier (see page 44) • Hard Partition Hardware Path Format (see page 45) • New and Modified Hard Partition Commands (see page 46) • Partition Manager (parmgr) (see page 48) • Service Processor (GSP or MP) (see page 52) • hd_fabric Driver (see page 53) • New Attention Indicator Behavior
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Introduction Introduction Hewlett-Packard’s new nPartition (hard partition) servers provide highly configurable, high-performance HP-UX system environments. updated for June 2002 For HP Superdome, rp8400, and rp7410: HP nPartitions servers now support faster PA-8700 processors, including both 750 MHz and 875 MHz CPUs. updated for March 2002 In addition to the servers listed below, HP now supports hard partitions on the HP rp7410 server (model 9000/800/rp7410).
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Superdome Systems at HP-UX 11i Superdome Systems at HP-UX 11i new at 11i original release Superdome models differ with regard to the characteristics shown in Table 2-1.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Machine Identifier Machine Identifier updated for June 2001 The uname -i command on your nPartition systems may not return a unique value for each system. To guarantee compatibility on current and future platforms, use the new interfaces to getconf (1) and confstr (3C) to retrieve unique machine identifiers.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Hard Partition Hardware Path Format Hard Partition Hardware Path Format new at 11i original release The HP-UX command ioscan reports the hardware paths for components within the partition in which the command is issued. (Note that the ioscan command reports information only for the currently active hardware components in the local partition. It does not report details for hardware not assigned to the local partition.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems New and Modified Hard Partition Commands New and Modified Hard Partition Commands new at 11i original release Several system administration commands are provided with HP-UX 11i for creating and maintaining partitions on all nPartition systems. Additionally, the existing commands shutdown, reboot, and setboot have been modified to support nPartition platforms.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems New and Modified Hard Partition Commands In order to approximate the traditional behavior of setboot, the user input for the Autoboot and Autosearch flags is internally mapped to the right combination to achieve the desired behavior. This mapping should be transparent to the user of setboot, but it might not be so apparent to those accessing the firmware using other means.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Partition Manager (parmgr) Partition Manager (parmgr) new at 11i original release A new system administration tool, Partition Manager (parmgr), supports the initial and ongoing configuration of systems that support hard partitions, (such as Superdome systems), and also provides extensive information about the status of a Superdome complex.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Partition Manager (parmgr) This update to Partition Manger includes the following major improvements: • support for new HP server systems • operability on partitions with HP Virtual Partitions (vPars) installed • improvements to the online help • various bug fixes and enhancements, including the following: — Messages and online help associated with card OLAR (online addition and replacement of I/O cards) have been improved for readability and clarity.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Partition Manager (parmgr) PARMGR(1M) Manual Page Error The HP-UX 11i manual page for parmgr (1M) contains the error described below. Note that this error only occurs in the PDF version of the HP-UX Reference (Volume 4 of 9), “System Administration Commands,” published on the Hewlett-Packard Technical Documentation web site (http://docs.hp.com) in December 2000. In the SYNOPSIS section, the pathname of the parmgr command was incorrect.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Partition Manager (parmgr) • A more meaningful error message is displayed when a non-root user attempts to start Partition Manager. • When launching Partition Manager from a PC web browser, a graphic displayed in the initial launch page has been corrected. • If all cells currently assigned to a partition are removed, and others are added, an incorrect message is no longer displayed.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Service Processor (GSP or MP) Service Processor (GSP or MP) Each of HP’s nPartition servers include a service processor that provides server-wide status, maintenance, and console interfaces. NOTE The service processor in HP servers is sometimes called the Management Processor (MP) and sometimes the Guardian Service Processor (GSP).
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems hd_fabric Driver hd_fabric Driver new at 11i original release Although the HP-UX 11i install kernel does not include a /stand/system entry for the new 11i driver, hd_fabric, an entry is added to the system file as part of the installation process on nPartition systems. When the /usr/sbin/mk_kernel command builds a kernel, the hd_fabric driver is then built into the HP-UX kernel. This only affects nPartition systems.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems New Attention Indicator Behavior New Attention Indicator Behavior updated for September 2001 The fruled command and Partition Manager now blink the attention indicators (LEDs) on HP Superdome cells and I/O chassis rather than illuminating them in a steady-on state, as was the case with the original 11i release. Likewise, on HP rp7410 and rp8400 servers, the fruled command and Partition Manager behaviors are to blink cell attention indicators.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems New Attention Indicator Behavior However, it wasn’t until the HP-UX 11i June 2001 release that SAM and Partition Manager started to blink PCI slot attention indicators during tasks involving PCI cards or card slots. As a result, sites that have HP Superdome servers running both the original HP-UX 11i release and the HP-UX 11i June 2001 (or later) release can have attention indicators at different states (steady-on and blinking).
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems New Attention Indicator Behavior 56 Chapter 4
5 Workstation/Server Specific Information What’s in This Chapter? This chapter covers the following topics: Chapter 5 • Supported Systems (see page 58) • Hardware Enablement Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i) (see page 61) • HP-UX V-Class Changes (see page 64) • SCSI Drivers scsi3 and c720 (see page 65) • SCSI Driver c8xx (see page 67) • Service Processor (GSP or MP) (see page 68) • N4000 and rp7400 Server Functionality (see page 70) • ttytype Support for the N4000 and rp7400 Console (see page 74)
Workstation/Server Specific Information Supported Systems Supported Systems updated for September 2001 HP-UX 11i continues to support both a 32-bit and 64-bit version of the HP-UX kernel. NOTE The information in the following tables is subject to change. For the most up-to-date data, refer to http://devresource.hp.com/STK/hpux_faq.html. Table 5-1 Servers The tables below outline the supported HP-UX 11i configurations for HP servers and workstations.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Supported Systems Table 5-1 Servers (Continued) 32-bit Support Bezel or Model 64-bit Support Comments rp2470 Yes PA-8700 processors; HP-UX model string: A500-6X or A500-7Xa rp5400 Yes PA-8500 and PA-8600 processors; HP-UX model string: L1000-36, -44, -5Xa rp5430 Yes PA-8700 processors; HP-UX model string: L1500-5X, -6X, -7X, or -8Xa rp5450 Yes PA-8500 and PA-8600 processors; HP-UX model string: L2000-36, -44, -5Xa rp5470 Yes PA-8700 processors; HP-
Workstation/Server Specific Information Supported Systems Table 5-2 D-Class Support for 11i 64-bit (Continued) Model CPU D390 Speed (MHz) PA8200 Table 5-3 240 32/64 bit Both Minimum Firmware Revision 38.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Hardware Enablement Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i) Hardware Enablement Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i) The HWE Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i) delivers support for new and future SPU, I/O, and mass-storage products. This bundle is labeled as required, ignited on all systems in manufacturing, and automatically loaded as part of any OE update. It is included on the 11i OE media and on the Support Plus CD.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Hardware Enablement Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i) — A7789A PCI Graphics Card for PA-8700 Workstations — A6684A HSC Tachlite FC Mass-Storage I/O Adapter for D- and R-Class servers (HP-UX 11.x boot only supported on D390/R390 with PDC version 41.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Hardware Enablement Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i) • • • • • • Chapter 5 A6795A PCI Tachlite 2Gb FC Mass-Storage I/O Adapters (HP-UX 11.x boot supported with PDC version 41.46 on L3000, N4000 servers) A6685A HSC Tachlite FC Mass-Storage I/O Adapter for Kx60, Kx70, Kx80 servers (HP-UX 11.x boot supported with PDC version 41.33/41.
Workstation/Server Specific Information HP-UX V-Class Changes HP-UX V-Class Changes Single-Bit Memory Error Handling Enhancement new at 11i original release Single-bit memory errors are now handled exclusively by memlogd. This allows the system to remove lockable pages that experience repeated single-bit memory errors. At boot time, the system uses the Page Deallocation Table to remove these pages dynamically from the kernel’s list of free pages.
Workstation/Server Specific Information SCSI Drivers scsi3 and c720 SCSI Drivers scsi3 and c720 updated for September 2001 The table below lists information about the SCSI Host Bus Adapters (HBAs) that the scsi3 and c720 SCSI drivers support for HP-UX 11i. Both the scsi3 and c720 drivers are included in the base 11i Operating Environment. For the most recent information about the SCSI HBAs, you should periodically check the SCSI HBA information at the HP IT Resource Center (ITRC), at http://itrc.hp.com.
Workstation/Server Specific Information SCSI Drivers scsi3 and c720 Table 5-5 SCSI HBA A5159A (dual channel) Supported HBAs for HP-UX 11i (Continued) Bus Type PCI Technology FWD SCSI-3 (HVD) Supported HP-UX Systems A-, L-, and N-Class, rp24xx, rp54xx, rp7400, rp7410, rp8400, and Superdome servers a. A3644A was obsoleted February 1, 2001.
Workstation/Server Specific Information SCSI Driver c8xx SCSI Driver c8xx new for March 2002 The c8xx driver is being updated to support two new SCSI PCI Ultra160 Host Bus Adapters (HBAs) that are available beginning in March 2002. The driver is included in the March 2002 HWEnable11i bundle, which is available on the March 2002 11i OE media and on the Support Plus CD. Four patches (PHKL_25712, PHCO_25831, PHKL_24854, and PHKL_25218) are required for the c8xx driver.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Service Processor (GSP or MP) Service Processor (GSP or MP) NOTE The service processor in HP servers is sometimes called the Management Processor (MP) and sometimes the Guardian Service Processor (GSP). Regardless of the name, the service processor in these servers provides approximately the same features and performs essentially the same role. Throughout this document the term “service processor” refers to both the MP and GSP service processors.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Service Processor (GSP or MP) GSP Logging Capabilities The introduction of GSP to the above platforms dramatically changes the way chassis operations and diagnostic evaluations are performed on a running system. The new subsystem requires HP-UX to provide more information than was provided on previous platforms. HP-UX will continue to output the same chassis-codes and forward-progress indicators that have been provided in previous releases.
Workstation/Server Specific Information N4000 and rp7400 Server Functionality N4000 and rp7400 Server Functionality This section describes 11i functionality to enable HP N4000 and rp7400 mid-range servers.
Workstation/Server Specific Information N4000 and rp7400 Server Functionality Impact on Legacy Systems Legacy system users will see minimal impact in their applications or system administration tools due to the changes in the platform infrastructure. Although the configuration files on 64-bit systems (for example, /stand/system and master.
Workstation/Server Specific Information N4000 and rp7400 Server Functionality * sapic * sba PAT PSM This software module interacts with N-Class and rp7400 firmware to discover and keep track of the CEC components configured on the N4000 and rp7400. The PAT PSM also provides access to platform-specific hardware components at runtime. Although it may be included and linked into all 64-bit kernels, the PAT PSM is useful only to N4000 and rp7500 systems. As of HP-UX 11.
Workstation/Server Specific Information N4000 and rp7400 Server Functionality On N4000 and rp7400 systems, the firmware programs only the boot and console devices. The PCI CDIO programs the remaining devices, using information provided by firmware to the operating system (PAT PSM gets this for PCI). The N4000 and rp7400 disassociates interrupt routing/handling from the platform-specific bus adapter.
Workstation/Server Specific Information ttytype Support for the N4000 and rp7400 Console ttytype Support for the N4000 and rp7400 Console new at 11i original release Although the ttytype command has been enhanced to support the N4000 and rp7400 console, there are no user-visible changes in the behavior of the command. However, a new ioctl()call has been added to the command to query the Guardian Service Processor (GSP) console driver for the TERM identity.
Workstation/Server Specific Information New stty Options New stty Options new at 11i original release Two new options have been added to the stty command to support the console on the following systems: • • • • • • N4000 all L-Class all N-Class rp2400, rp2450 rp5400, rp5430, rp5450, rp5470 rp7400 +queryGSP queries the status of the GSP (Guardian Service Processor) +resetGSP resets the GSP of the console Typically, you might use +queryGSP if you are getting no response at the console or +resetGSP if
Workstation/Server Specific Information Workstations Workstations Workstation Graphics Support Graphics Software Support HP’s Graphics and Technical Computing bundle includes OpenGL, Starbase, HP PEXlib, and HP-PHIGS 3D APIs. HP’s workstation graphics software support includes the run-time and programming environment packages for the 3D graphics APIs named above, plus additional software for technical computing environments.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Workstations For a complete list of supported systems and graphics combinations on HP-UX 11i, consult http://www.hp.com/workstations. Workstation Firmware Requirements updated for March 2002 PHSS_25983 was released on January 11, 2002 to correctly update workstation firmware when using an Ignite-UX server. To get the patch (and for further instructions), go to the HP IT Resource Center (ITRC), at http://itrc.hp.com.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Workstations On factory Instant Ignition, IUX will install workstation systems with optimized default kernel parameter settings as long as the system has at least 64MB of RAM. The new defaults are optimized for general performance and are tailored appropriately for a 32-bit or 64-bit kernel. (The default parameter settings for each set are listed at the end of this section.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Workstations ninode maxuprc npty nstrpty maxswapchunks create_fastlinks fs_async 4000 256 200 200 4096 1 1 EE Engineering Workstation 64-bit Kernel Parameter Defaults maxusers maxfiles maxfiles_lim maxdsiz maxdsiz_64bit maxtsiz maxtsiz_64bit maxssiz maxssiz_64bit shmmax ninode maxuprc npty nstrpty maxswapchunks create_fastlinks fs_async vps_ceiling dbc_max_pct dbc_min_pct 128 200 2048 0xC0000000 0x400000000 0x40000000 0x100000000 0x04FB3000 0x10000000 0x40000000 40
Workstation/Server Specific Information Workstations libX11.3 libXIE.2 libXext.3 libXhp11.3 libXi.3 libXp.2 libXmu libXaw To date, these libraries are only found in release 6 of the X libs (X11 R6) and Motif version 2.1. No 64-bit versions of the tooltalk libraries, libtt, or libDtSvc are available. The 64-bit X Window System (X11 R6) run-time libraries are usable only on systems that support the 64-bit operating system.
6 HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications What’s in This Chapter? This chapter covers the following topics: • The HP-UX 11i Version 1.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications The HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environments The HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environments new at 11i original release The HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environments each consist of the HP-UX operating system and a set of applications and drivers that are “always installed” through various bundles, as well as a collection of additional applications and drivers that you can selectively install.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications The HP-UX 11i Version 1.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications The HP-UX 11i Version 1.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications The HP-UX 11i Version 1.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications The HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environments The following applications are selectable and not automatically installed with the Operating Environments.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment HP-UX 11i Operating Environment new at 11i original release The HP-UX 11i Operating Environment is the standard OE from which the Enterprise OE and Mission Critical OE have been derived by adding appropriate applications.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Table 6-3 I/O Driver Always-Installed I/O Drivers on 11i OE Mediaa Description I/O Adapter Product Number GigEther-00 PCI GigEther HSC GigEther A4926A, A4929A A4924A, A4925A GigEther-01 PCI GigEther A6794A, A6825A, A6847A RAID-00 PCI RAID A5856A a.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Documentation for VxVM 3.5 The following documentation can be found on the Instant Information CD and in the /usr/share/doc/vxvm directory: • • • • • • • VxVM 3.5 Administrator’s Guide VxVM 3.5 Hardware Release Notes VxVM 3.5 Installation Guide VxVM 3.5 Migration Guide VxVM 3.5 Release Notes VxVM 3.5 Troubleshooting Guide VxVM 3.5 User’s Guide The online manual pages are installed with the VRTSvxvm.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Compatibility Disk groups created with the Base VERITAS Volume Manager 3.1 for HP-UX product must be upgraded to a new disk group version supported with VERITAS Volume Manager 3.2. This upgrade will be transparent to customers when updating to the December 2001 release. See the vxdg (1M) manual page for additional information about upgrading disk groups. Documentation All of the VERITAS Volume Manager 3.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment • A command line tool has been added to help the user populate the smbpasswd file, which is always accessed by CIFS/9000 Server 2.2a when displaying names on local machines. CIFS/9000 Client, version A.01.07, includes the following changes: updated for September 2001 • Server-terminated user connections are now automatically re-established when the user attempts to access the server.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Event Monitoring Service (EMS) The Event Monitoring Service (EMS) version A.03.20.01 is a framework used to monitor various system resources. In addition to the basic monitoring framework, the EMS product includes a set of general monitors for basic network interfaces, system resources, and ServiceGuard cluster objects. EMS is being released for use with the HP-UX 11.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment For the latest download and documentation information, please visit http://www.hp.com/go/webserver. NOTE You must obtain certificates from authorized agencies for commercial purposes and make the necessary changes in httpd.conf to use the desired certificates. updated for September 2002 HP Apache version 1.3.26.03 is principally a security-fix, bug-fix, and version-upgrade release.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment updated for March 2002 The following new feature is included in version 1.3.19.23: updated for December 2001 The following new features are included in version 1.3.19.21: updated for September 2001 updated for June 2001 Chapter 6 • With this release, the chroot feature of the HP Apache-based Web Server has been enhanced.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment • Third Party Support: BroadVision plug-in provides out-of-the-box support for the BroadVision e-commerce application suite. • Certificate Migration Tool v.3.1.1 to migrate iPlanet certificates to Apache seamlessly. License and export information are included. • Webmin v. 0.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment 4. From the View menu, go to Change Software View and select Start With Products. The products that are available will display for your selection. 5. Select Apache. 6. Go to the Actions menu and select Install. The installation paths are /opt/apache and /opt/tomcat. NOTE By default, swinstall does not reinstall filesets if the same revision already exists on your system.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Documentation For further information, please read the release notes in the RTE software. Or, for the most up-to-date information, go to the Web at: http://www.hp.com/go/java HP-UX Support Tools: STM, ODE, & EMS Hardware Monitors HP-UX Support Tools provide a complete set of tools for verifying, troubleshooting, and monitoring HP system hardware, including CPUs, memory, interface cards, and mass storage devices.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Compatibility There are minor changes in monconfig, the user interface for configuring EMS Hardware Monitors. These changes relate to the client configuration files which have been added to support the multiple-view (Predictive-enabled) feature. If you have scripts which invoke monconfig, they may have to be modified.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment updated for September 2001 As of September 2001, the Judy Libraries product was removed as a selectable application and is now installed with the OEs.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Netscape Communicator Netscape Communicator includes Netscape’s popular Web browser, Navigator, as well as Messenger and Composer. Communicator offers the complete set of tools for browsing dynamic Web content, plus complete e-mail capability. Netscape provides periodic maintenance releases for enterprise customers that include minor feature enhancements as well as improvements to overall stability.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Pluggable Authentication Module (PAM) Kerberos Pluggable Authentication Module (PAM) Kerberos version 11i is a service for authenticating users or services across an open network. HP-UX 11i provides Kerberos authentication through a Kerberos-Client product which is a part of the HP-UX base operating system.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Impact HP-UX PAM Kerberos is implemented under the PAM framework, which allows the new authentication service module to be plugged in and made available without modifying the application or rebooting the system. PAM Kerberos works on HP servers and workstations with a minimum of 32MB of memory and sufficient swap space (a minimum of 50MB is recommended). NOTE PAM Kerberos is not thread safe.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Servicecontrol Manager (SCM) Servicecontrol Manager provides a convenient, single point of administration for HP-UX systems and Linux managed nodes. Now bundled with every HP-UX 11 release (as well as being available for download), Servicecontrol Manager integrates the key products of the HP-UX Servicecontrol systems management tools suite. You can now manage Linux managed nodes from an HP-UX central management server.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment new at 11i original release • The Distributed Task Facility (DTF) now has a theoretical limit of 500 task executions, instead of the previous limit of 10, and a theoretical limit of 1000 agent connections, up from the previous limit of 16. Both limits may vary depending on such factors as the machine’s kernel settings, memory capacity, tasks running, and the number of threads the system is set up to allow.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Enterprise Operating Environment (EOE) HP-UX 11i Enterprise Operating Environment (EOE) new at 11i original release The HP-UX 11i Enterprise Operating Environment (EOE) provides a superset of the features available in the HP-UX 11i Operating Environment described in “HP-UX 11i Operating Environment” on page 88.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Enterprise Operating Environment (EOE) High Availability Monitors The High Availability (HA) Monitors version A.03.20.01 product includes database monitors, disk monitors, and Management Information Base (MIB) monitors that can be used to set up notifications of changes in status for the important objects in a high availability cluster environment. High Availability Monitors A.03.20.01 is being released for use with the HP-UX 11.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Enterprise Operating Environment (EOE) Documentation See “New Version of Journaled File System (JFS)” on page 206 for information about new features in JFS 3.3. For more information on JFS 3.3 and OnLineJFS 3.3, see the following books: • HP JFS 3.3 and HP OnLineJFS 3.3 VERITAS File System 3.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Enterprise Operating Environment (EOE) NOTE Process Resource Manager and HP-UX Workload Manager both make use of the PRM API. Consequently, only one of the products should be used at a time. (See also “HP-UX Workload Manager” on page 112.) updated for June 2002 HP PRM version C.02.00.02 provides the following: updated for September 2001 • The xprm command has a logging option, -l, that creates the file xprm.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Enterprise Operating Environment (EOE) • CAP value is treated as a hard limit to the group’s memory usage. Previously, it was a soft limit that could be crossed. • prm2d in-kernel memory manager is the default for HP-UX 11i. If you prefer to use the previous manager (prm0d), follow the steps below: 1. As root, go to the PRM install directory: # cd /opt/prm/bin/ 2. Make a backup of prm2d: # mv prm2d prm2d.original 3.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment (MCOE) HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment (MCOE) new at 11i original release The HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment (MCOE) is a high-availability Operating Environment for HP servers.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment (MCOE) Installation Requirements The disk space requirement is 1.2MB. Documentation updated for December 2001 For further documentation, see Enterprise Cluster Master Toolkit (part no. B5139-90043), available in hardcopy and on the Web at http://docs.hp.com/.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment (MCOE) Installation Requirements updated for June 2002 HP-UX WLM requires 11MB of disk space (91 if PRM is not already installed) and 5MB of memory. Prior to June 2002, HP-UX WLM requires 9MB of disk space (89 if PRM is not already installed) and 5MB of memory. Compatibility Issues HP-UX WLM can be used with any 11.x version of GlancePlus for monitoring.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment (MCOE) DMTK • Separate http from https (SSL) traffic using two Apache instances • Separate module-based workloads with two Apache instances • Manage Apache entitlement by performance goal WLM Duration Management Toolkit (DMTK) allows users to specify a desired duration for an application.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment (MCOE) SNMPTK • A SAS macro for instrumenting jobs to provide “percent complete” data to WLM for improved duration management • Example scripts showing how to manage the duration of SAS jobs WLM SNMP Toolkit (SNMPTK) provides a data collector called snmpdc that fetches values from an SNMP agent for use as metrics in your WLM configuration.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment (MCOE) • Ability to gather and send Oracle database metrics (elapsed walltime and SQL values) to HP-UX WLM for use in service-level objectives • Ability to average extreme values in database metrics before sending them to HP-UX WLM (This feature maintains a more smooth and predictable stream of metrics.) Compatibility • • • HP-UX WLM version A.01.02 on HP-UX 11.0 and HP-UX 11i HP-UX WLM version A.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment (MCOE) updated for June 2002 updated for March 2002 The June 2002 release of HP-UX 11i includes the following changes to ServiceGuard: • Support for HP-UX VLAN • The ability to have up to 150 packages per cluster (increased from 60) • The ability to use a dual stack IPv4 and IPv6 configuration on cluster nodes (ServiceGuard itself still requires IPv4 addresses) Version A.11.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment (MCOE) MC/ServiceGuard supports the online replacement of network and I/O interface cards, which is allowed by the HP-UX 11i Operating Environments. Impact Disk space required for MC/ServiceGuard is 47MB. The memory required is 6MB, plus 70KB per package in the cluster, plus 300KB per Event Monitoring Service (EMS) resource in the cluster.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment (MCOE) updated for September 2001 • An easy troubleshooting mechanism has been provided. Customers can easily identify if a problem resides in MC/SG NFS Toolkit from the MC/SG package log file. • MC/ServiceGuard NFS Toolkit A.11.11.02 supports VxVM as an alternative disk storage management technology. • MC/ServiceGuard NFS Toolkit can now monitor TCP services, when NFS over TCP is enabled.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Minimal Technical Operating Environment (MTOE) HP-UX 11i Minimal Technical Operating Environment (MTOE) new for June 2001 New for June 2001, the Minimal Technical Operating Environment (MTOE) is the smallest and most fundamental OE that is defined specifically for HP workstations. It exists to offer an HP-UX 11i solution to the customer who is interested in a low-cost HP Workstation and a correspondingly basic Operating Environment.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Minimal Technical Operating Environment (MTOE) If you have an older PA-RISC workstation and need local 3D graphics support, HP recommends that you not update to the September 2002 release (or later) of the Technical Computing (TCOE) or Minimal Computing (MCOE) Operating Environments. The previous releases of HP-UX 11i contain 3D graphics code that will execute on any PA-RISC microprocessor.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Minimal Technical Operating Environment (MTOE) • TC-SysSetup (version b.11.00.01.xx) Alters kernel configurable parameters, assigning values that are proven to increase performance in technical environments. (See Table 6-5 for actual values.) Alters selected system configuration files to ease NFS, AutoFS, and NIS+ configuration. Makes other system changes to correct minor nuisances and oversights. • TC-OpenSource (version b.11.00.01.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Minimal Technical Operating Environment (MTOE) Kernel Configurable Parameters The following table lists the kernel parameters that are changed by installing the TechSysConf bundle. Existing parameter values are tested and are not changed if the new value would be less than the current value.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Minimal Technical Operating Environment (MTOE) Table 6-5 Kernel Parameters Changed by TechSysConf Parameter Parameter Parameter Parameter Valuea <256MB Valuea <1024MB Valuea >=1024MB vps_ceiling Ignoredb 64 64 vx_fancyra_enable Ignoredb 1 1 vx_ncsize Ignoredb 8000 8000 vxfs_max_ra_kbytes Ignoredb 1024 1024 vxfs_ra_per_disk Ignoredb 1024 1024 a.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Technical Computing Operating Environment (TCOE) HP-UX 11i Technical Computing Operating Environment (TCOE) new at 11i original release Like the Minimal Technical Operating Environment, the Technical Computing Operating Environment (TCOE) contains all the base functionality that is common to the other four OEs, including the base 32/64-bit HP-UX Operating System, network drivers, and other always-installed functionality.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Technical Computing Operating Environment (TCOE) updated for September 2002 New features for version B.08.03 include the following: • • • ScaLAPACK Distributed SuperLU Nested SMP parallelism ScaLAPACK is a library of high-performance linear algebra routines. This implementation provides a version of ScaLAPACK tuned on HP servers and built with HP’s Message Passing Interface (MPI).
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Technical Computing Operating Environment (TCOE) Documentation For more detailed documentation and additional product information, see: • The HP MLIB User’s Guide (B6061-96020) and the HP MLIB Release Notice (B6061-96019) available at the following URLs: http://docs.hp.com/ http://www.hp.com/rsn/mlib/mlibhome.html/ • Manpages: — — — — — — BLAS Standard manpages (new for 11i) LAPACK 3.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Technical Computing Operating Environment (TCOE) simultaneously. In previous releases, linking to the thread-compliant library was required for multi-threaded applications even if only one thread was making a MPI call at a time. • Additional MPI-2 support. HP MPI 1.7 expands MPI-2 support of one-sided communications to clusters. Refer to “Appendix C” in the HP MPI User’s Guide, 6th edition, for a full list of MPI-2 support.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Technical Computing Operating Environment (TCOE) • Expanded MPI-2 support. • A new error-checking flag (-ck) in the mpirun utility. • The mpirun utility no longer makes assumptions about how long it will take before a process calls MPI_Init. Documentation The HP MPI User’s Guide, Sixth Edition and the HP MPI Release Notes are available at the following web sites: • www.hp.com/go/mpi • http://docs.hp.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications Selectable Applications The following applications are selectable and not automatically installed with the 11i Operating Environments. Table 6-2 on page 87 lists which applications are available for each Operating Environment.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications • New certificate generation and management tools: Accommodates a pure Java implementation of SSL for the administrative GUI. Documentation The following documents are available in the “Internet and Security Solutions” neighborhood at http://docs.hp.com/hpux/internet: • HP Intrusion Detection System/9000 Release 2.1 Release Notes (product no.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications — http://techsolutions.hp.com/ipfilter/ipfilter_homex.html — http://software.hp.com — http://docs.hp.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications • Secondary swap space on a two-disk system will reside only on disk two for better performance. For more information on these changes, including how to use Ignite-UX to maintain earlier file system settings for these parameters, refer to the Ignite-UX Release Notes for B.3.7, which can be found in /opt/ignite/doc/release_note and at the web site http://software.hp.com/products/IUX.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications updated for September 2001 • The make_bundles command was incorrectly putting the entire product into bundles created when only a list of filesets on the command line were given. This ended up causing clients added for recovery from the ignite GUI to have the entire Ignite-UX product loaded instead of the subset needed for make_net_recovery as intended.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications updated for June 2001 Chapter 6 • A manual page for the fix_patches command has been included for the first time. See the fix_patches (1M) manpage for more information. • The B version of Ignite-UX no longer supports installing or recovering disk devices connected to the older PCI Tachyon (A3740A) fibre channel cards. This has been the case since the B.3.0 release.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications • All options of make_bundles other than -f, will generate content lines with productlevel instead of fileset-level detail. This is a fix for duplicate entries in the bundle contents due to a product having both 32-bit and 64-bit filesets for 11.x and beyond. The -f option now lists the fa=* attribute in the bundle contents.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications Installation Requirements Since it is intended for large, server-side Java applications, JAVAOOB is recommended only for systems with at least 512 Mb of physical memory (and not for systems used solely as desktops.) Documentation For further information, see the Java web pages at http://www.hp.com/go/java and the release notes that are part of the product.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications Selectable Network Drivers The following table indicates which drivers are selectable during HP-UX 11i installation. updated for June 2002 The local and remote recovery features of EMS HA-ATM are now supported for HP-UX workstations (7xx series). TermIO drivers have been updated to repair defects. updated for September 2001 ATM drivers have been updated to repair defects and improve performance for PCI and HSC.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications WebQoS Peak on HP-UX Packaged Edition (J4274AA) The HP Web Quality of Service (WebQoS) Peak Packaged Edition version B.01.02.06 is a Web-based solution that provides the quality of service needed to maintain your Web applications. deprecated in December 2001 WebQos Peak has been deprecated (slated for future obsolescence) and will be removed from the operating environments in a future release.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.
7 I/0 and Networking Cards What’s in This Chapter? This chapter covers the following topics: • Online Addition and Replacement of I/O Adapters (see page 144) • Network Drivers (see page 145) — New Network Driver btlan Always-Installed (see page 145) — Always-Installed Networking and I/O Card Drivers (see page 146) — Combining Pre-HP-UX 11i Configuration Files (see page 148) — HSC and PCI 1000Base-SX/T (Gigabit Ethernet) (see page 151) — Fibre Channel Tachlite Driver (see page 152) — HP RAID 4Si Driver
I/0 and Networking Cards Online Addition and Replacement of I/O Adapters Online Addition and Replacement of I/O Adapters new at 11i original release Online Addition and Replacement (OLAR) is a new HP-UX software feature that allows for adding and replacing PCI I/O cards (adapters) while a system is running, eliminating the need to reboot. This feature enhances overall high-availability since the system can remain active while an I/O adapter is being added or replaced.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers Network Drivers New Network Driver btlan Always-Installed new at 11i original release The networking driver for HP-UX 11i has been simplified and is now easier to install and upgrade. The PCI and HSC-based Fast Ethernet network and I/O cards supported by drivers btlan, btlan3, btlan4, btlan5 and btlan6 have been combined into a single driver called btlan. This new driver is always-installed as part of the kernel.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers • lanscan/lanadmin support libraries/catalog files now have names to reflect btlan such as libdsbtlan.a, dsbtlan.cat, etc. • master file • init scripts/conf file • The init script will be hpbtlan and the configuration file will be called hpbtlanconf. • The configuration files under /etc/rc.config.d/ will be replaced by hpbtlanconf. When a cold install is performed, this file will be installed for all btlan driver claimed cards.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers Table 7-1 Number Always-Installed Networking and I/O Card Driversa Description Driver A6684A HSC Tachlite Fibre Channel card td fcp fcparray A6685A HSC Tachlite Fibre Channel card td fcp fcparray A6794A 1000Base-T/SCSI card for rp7410 server igelan A6795A PCI Tachyon XL2 Fibre Channel card fcT1 fcp fcT1_cntl td fcparray A6825A PCI 1000/Base-T (gigabit over copper) card igelan A6847A PCI 1000/Base-SX (gigabit over fiber) card igelan B5509BA PCI
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers • software locator -- to determine where to find the latest HP-UX -based network or I/O card software. • driver locator -- to determine which driver to use with a network or I/O card. • speed duplex autonegotiation -- to set correct speed, duplex, and autonegotiation on LAN cards and switches. The latest document is called “Speed and autonegotiation on network card and switch must match.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers continue the update process. (Once the update process is restarted, the user should answer NO (N) at the prompt, Do you want to proceed in merging the configuration files into one? [Y|N].) Manual Merging Procedure 1. Find out which of the five configuration files listed below exists in the /etc/rc.config.d directory. • hpbtlanconf (btlan) • hpbase100conf (btlan3) • hpgsc100conf (btlan4) • hppci100conf (btlan5) • hpsppci100conf (btlan6) 2.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers HP_BTLAN_INTERFACE_NAME[0]= HP_BTLAN_STATION ADDRESS[0]= HP_BTLAN_SPEED[0]= ##################################################################### # The HP_BTLAN_INIT_ARGS are reserved by HP. they are NOT user changeable. ##################################################################### HP_BTLAN_INIT_ARGS="HP_BTLAN_STATION ADDRESS HP_BTLAN_SPEED" # End of hpbtlanconf configuration file 4.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers mv -f /etc/rc.config.d/hpbtlanconf.merge /etc/rc.config.d/hpbtlanconf 7. Restart the update process. Answer NO (N) at the prompt, Do you want to proceed in merging the configuration file into one? [Y|N]. HSC and PCI 1000Base-SX/T (Gigabit Ethernet) updated for September 2002 With the September 2002 release, the igelan driver has been updated to incorporate defect fixes.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers For information on installing and configuring the Gigabit Ethernet, see PCI 1000Base-T and 1000Base-SX Quick Installation and Configuration Guide (for A6794A, A6825A, and A6847A) or PCI 1000Base-T and HSC/PCI 1000Base-SX Quick Installation (for A4942/5/6A and A4929A) available in the /opt/networkdocs directory and at http://docs.hp.com. The following release notes are also located in the /opt/networkdocs directory: • gigether_relno.pdf • gigether-01_relno.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers Fibre Channel adapters. The API software is part of the driver and is installed at the same time. The intended users of this API are programmers who want to create applications for managing SANs networks.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers Summary of Changes • Boot support for the A6685A and A6685A HSC adapters on selected platforms will be available later in 2001. For the latest information on boot support for these adapters and other support information, see the web site mentioned above.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers — The customer can do an OLA/R of the RAID controller using SAM or the rad command. • New firmware revision (U.01.04) of the RAID controller includes the following new features and fixes since earlier released version (U.01.01) — Provides support for disk firmware download. — Provides capability to handle NVRAM vs. Disk mismatch on replaced boot cards.
I/0 and Networking Cards EISA Interface Cards Are Not 64-bit Compatible new for June 2001 • The HSC HyperFabric adapter card for D- and R-Class systems (part number A4921A) has been discontinued.
I/0 and Networking Cards Known Problems with HP-PB and EISA 10/100Base-TX/9000 Table 7-2 EISA Interface Cards (Continued) Card Description Comments J2220A SNA PlusLink adapter Renamed as J2794A. J2794A X.25/ACC, SNAPlus/ACC adapter A3659A FDDI (Single or Dual-Attach) adapter Discontinued August 1999. 25560A HP-IB Interface Discontinued March 1998. 25567B LAN/9000 Discontinued May 1998. A4031A Fibre Channel Discontinued. A4308A/B 100BT LAN Discontinued.
I/0 and Networking Cards Known Problems with HP-PB and EISA 10/100Base-TX/9000 158 Chapter 7
8 Installation What’s in This Chapter? This chapter covers the following topics: • Cold Install Changed (see page 160) • Ignite-UX Changed for 11i (see page 161) • Update-UX (see page 163) — New Update-UX Product (see page 163) — Update-UX Command Replaces swgettools (see page 163) • Software Distributor (SD-UX) (see page 164) — Multiple Target Management Capabilities Enabled (see page 164) — POSIX Enhancements and Exceptions (see page 164) — Change in swlist Hides Superseded Patches by Default (se
Installation Cold Install Changed Cold Install Changed new at 11i original release The HP-UX operating system is now delivered as part of an operating environment; see “The HP-UX 11i Operating Environments (OEs)” on page 39 in Chapter 1 for details. Although HP-UX 11i can be cold-installed with or without an Operating Environment (OE), HP strongly recommends installing a complete OE.
Installation Ignite-UX Changed for 11i Ignite-UX Changed for 11i new at 11i original release Ignite-UX (IUX) is an HP-UX administration toolset to help you install and configure (or recover) HP-UX systems. The complete Ignite-UX product, with support for HP-UX 11i, 11.0 and 10.20, is available on the first CD of the 11i OE media kit. NOTE Ignite-UX will not be installed by default when updating the entire operating system from 10.20 or 11.00 to 11i even if the system currently is an Ignite-UX server.
Installation Ignite-UX Changed for 11i Table 8-1 Ignite-UX 11i Version B vs Version A Support Version B Version A HP-UX Releases Supporting IUX Servers & Systems 11.0 or higher 10.01, 10.10 and 10.20 Minimum Memory Size for IUX Servers & Systems 64MB 32MB Ignite-UX server support for HP-UX B.10.01 and B.10.10 has been obsoleted, and this functionality will be removed from your system upon updating Ignite-UX to the 11i version. If you wish to continue serving B.10.01 and B.10.
Installation Update-UX Update-UX New Update-UX Product new for March 2002 The update-ux script, once a part of the SW-DIST.SD-UPDATE fileset, has been moved to the new Update-UX product in the Update-UX.UUX fileset. As a result, customers can now install the update-ux script and its accompanying update-ux manpage on a 10.20 or 11.00 system (using instructions in the HP-UX 11i Installation and Update Guide). Documentation For more information, see the HP-UX 11i Installation and Update Guide at http://www.
Installation Software Distributor (SD-UX) Software Distributor (SD-UX) new at 11i original release Many changes have been implemented in Software Distributor since 11.0. The following sections detail the changes. (For additional Software Distributor information, see also Chapter 12.) Multiple Target Management Capabilities Enabled As part of the Servicecontrol Manager integration, capabilities previously only available through the OpenView Software Distributor version of SD-UX have been enabled.
Installation Software Distributor (SD-UX) CD Searched For Only When Requested With the release of 11.0, SD-UX introduced the automatic discovery and mounting of a CD However, SD-UX always looked for the CD even if that was not what was wanted. This made the start-up of the GUI slower than necessary. While the functionality is still available in the GUI, SD-UX now only performs this action when you push a new button in the Source Dialog called “Find Local CD.
Installation Software Distributor (SD-UX) As a result of this, the -x layout_version option should no longer be needed except when creating a depot that is to be in layout version 0.8 format. Then the -x layout_version=0.8 option is needed for the swpackage and/or swcopy commands used to initially create the depot. (By default, SD-UX commands that create depots will create them in layout version 1.0 format.
Installation Software Distributor (SD-UX) New Environment Variable, SW_COMPATIBLE, Created A new environment variable, SW_COMPATIBLE, has been created for use during the execution of a verify script that is called by the swverify command. If the software being considered is compatible with the system it is installed on, the variable will be set to TRUE. If it is incompatible, it will be set to FALSE.
Installation Software Distributor (SD-UX) corruption enhancement memory_leak panic halts_system By specifying the category (c) tag in the SD-UX version specification, you can select all patches that contain that specific category tag.
Installation set_parms Enhanced Documentation The Software Distributor Administration Guide has been extensively updated for accuracy and completeness (including many new examples) for HP-UX 11i and is available on the HP-UX Instant Information CD and on the http://docs.hp.com web site. Another excellent source of information on SD-UX is the SD-UX web site: http://software.hp.
Installation set_parms Enhanced 170 Chapter 8
9 General System Administration and Performance Monitoring What’s in This Chapter? This chapter covers the following topics: • Processor Sets Available on Software Pack (see page 172) • The uname Command Outputs B.11.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Processor Sets Available on Software Pack Processor Sets Available on Software Pack new for December 2001 What are Processor Sets? HP-UX Processor Sets offer a flexible mechanism for managing system processor resources among multiple workloads, users, and departments within an enterprise. A processor set represents a set of processors grouped together for exclusive access to applications assigned to that processor set.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Processor Sets Available on Software Pack • Chapter 9 For details on using processor sets on nPartition systems, refer to the HP System Partitions Guide, available on the June 2002 HP-UX 11i Instant Information CD and on the Web at http://docs.hp.com and http://www.hp.com/go/hpux.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring The uname Command Outputs B.11.11 The uname Command Outputs B.11.11 new at 11i original release The uname command for identifying the version of HP-UX that your system is running will return the following version name on an 11i system: B.11.11 To guarantee compatibility on current and future platforms, you can use the new interfaces to getconf and confstr to retrieve unique machine identifiers.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring New Option for top New Option for top A new -h option to the top command is provided to suppress the individual CPU state information for multiprocessor systems. If the -h option is specified, only the average of all CPU activities will be displayed. The change enables top to display more processes on a standard (80x24) screen without the screen being dominated by state information of individual CPUs.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Changes to System Administration Manager (SAM) Changes to System Administration Manager (SAM) The /usr/sbin/sam command starts a menu-driven System Administration Manager (SAM) program that makes it easy to perform system administration tasks with only limited, specialized knowledge of the HP-UX operating system.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Changes to System Administration Manager (SAM) Network File Systems • Support for NFS over TCP/IP. NFS supports exporting a file system using the TCP/IP protocol. Accordingly, the Network File Systems area in SAM has been enhanced to support this new NFS feature. Now, the user can choose between TCP and UDP protocols to export file systems. Network Interface Cards • Added support for Gigabit Ethernet card.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Changes to System Administration Manager (SAM) Because only the attached devices are displayed, the hierarchical view is more convenient and easier to use then backtracking to the Devices List from the Peripheral Devices area. • Added new Actions menu item, Analyze Critical Resources.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Changes to System Administration Manager (SAM) Possible Future Changes Performance improvements are planned for Card OLAR code in the Peripherals Devices area. In the future, SAM is planning on obsoleting the following: • Instruments section under the Peripheral Devices area - HP-IB instruments will no longer be supported. • Run SAM on Remote Systems area - The ServiceControl Manager product will be handling multi-system management.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring syslog File Logging Changes for su and login syslog File Logging Changes for su and login new at 11i original release This change will only affect you if you write or use programs or scripts that parse the syslog file. The format of text messages logged in the syslog file by the su and login commands has changed slightly. Specifically, su events are now preceded by ‘su:’ and login events are now preceded by ‘login:’.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Process Resource Manager (PRM) Disk Bandwidth Control Process Resource Manager (PRM) Disk Bandwidth Control This release allows Process Resource Manager (PRM) to report and control disk I/O bandwidth per LVM device. Based on user-configured priorities, PRM will reorder LVM disk queues to enforce the percentage of disk bandwidth a PRM group receives in an I/O-constrained environment. The functionality is documented in the PRM manpages.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring HP Distributed Print Service Deprecated HP Distributed Print Service Deprecated new at 11i original release The HP Distributed Print Service (HPDPS) print environment is being deprecated at 11i and will be removed in a future release. HPDPS, however, will continue to be supported for HP-UX 11.0 and 10.20 until further notice. Four options are available for print services in 11i: 1. the LP spooler, which is part of the HP-UX operating system 2.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Diagnostics: EMS Hardware Monitors Diagnostics: EMS Hardware Monitors The Event Monitoring System (EMS) Hardware Monitors allow you to monitor the operation of a wide variety of hardware products. When monitors encounter failure or other unusual events, they generate messages with Description, Cause, and Action statements which can be used to prevent and reduce downtime caused by hardware failures.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Improved ioscan Description Field for PCI Devices Improved ioscan Description Field for PCI Devices The ioscan command displays I/O devices, memory modules, and CPUs in a tabular form for users. Previously, PCI interface cards were listed in the ioscan output by cryptic values in the ioscan description field. These values have been replaced by PCI device header fields which provide a clearer description for most (common) devices.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring instant Capacity on Demand (iCOD) instant Capacity on Demand (iCOD) iCOD and Pay Per Use Hewlett-Packard’s instant Capacity on Demand (iCOD) and Pay Per Use (PPU) software products provide the ability to increase or decrease processor capacity instantly on (specified) enterprise servers. iCOD and PPU software products are a part of the HP Utility Pricing Solutions program.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring instant Capacity on Demand (iCOD) You can find the iCOD Release Notes for version B.05.00 in the following locations/media: — For the most recent information, search for “B9073-90020” at http://docs.hp.com. — Printed (part number B9073-90020) - order from the following HP web site: http:/www.hp.com/products1/unixservers/solutions/icod/index.html — September 2002 Instant Information CD — In the iCOD 5.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring instant Capacity on Demand (iCOD) For details on using iCOD and Pay Per Use (PPU) software on nPartition systems, refer to the HP System Partitions Guide.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring instant Capacity on Demand (iCOD) 188 Chapter 9
10 Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters What’s in This Chapter? This chapter covers the following topics: • HP-UX Gang Scheduling (see page 190) • Kernel Threads vs.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters HP-UX Gang Scheduling HP-UX Gang Scheduling new at 11i original release This release includes the ability to “gang schedule” MPI (Message Passing Interface) applications and multi-threaded processes. The gang scheduler permits a set of MPI processes, or multiple threads from a single process, to be scheduled concurrently as a group. Only applications using the HP-UX 11.0 (or later) MPI or pthread libraries can be gang scheduled.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters Kernel Threads vs. CMA Threads Kernel Threads vs. CMA Threads new at 11i original release The CMA threads (libcma) package, which is POSIX P1003.1a (Draft 4) compliant, is based on Concert Multi Thread Architecture (CMA). CMA is a user-level threads package in which thread scheduling and synchronization are handled within the user space without the kernel's assistance. CMA threads have been deprecated (slated for future obsolescence) at HP-UX 11i.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters Large Private Data Space Large Private Data Space new at 11i original release An additional 1 to 2GB of private address space is now supported for 32-bit programs (if enabled on a per process basis), at the expense of shared memory address space. This change increases the amount of private data space available for a process.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters Large Private Data Space advantage of the new malloc() for a program that uses a shared version of the C library. A program that was linked with a non-shared library version of the C library, however, will need to be re-linked. These changes have no compatibility impacts if the feature is not enabled. This feature can only be enabled for 32-bit programs running on the 64-bit version of HP-UX.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters Memory Windows Memory Windows Running without memory windows, HP-UX has limitations for shared resources on 32-bit applications. All applications in the system are limited to a total of 1.75GB of shared memory (2.75GB if compiled as SHMEM_MAGIC). In a system with 16GB of physical memory, only 1.75 can be used for shared resources.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters Memory Windows To enable memory windows, set the kernel tunable parameter max_mem_window to the desired amount. Customers can change this value by placing the desired value in their kernel configuration file. The system must be rebooted for the new value to take effect.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters HP-UX SCA Process and Memory Management HP-UX SCA Process and Memory Management new at 11i original release For compatibility reasons, the HP-UX 11i release supports the Scalable Computing Architecture (SCA) programming, locality management, and memory management features that were introduced at HP-UX 11.10 for the HP V-Class SCA servers.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters Dynamic Tunables Dynamic Tunables new at 11i original release A new facility has been added which will allow the retrieving of all tunable values and the setting of a limited number of tunables. If a tunable is dynamic, a change will take place immediately, without the need to reboot the system. Such changes will persist across reboots.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters Asynchronous Disk Pseudo Driver (async) Compatibility Asynchronous Disk Pseudo Driver (async) Compatibility new at 11i original release The async driver is used mostly by databases for doing asynchronous I/O to the disk. Applications that use the async driver must be owned by the superuser, or by a user who is a member of a group for which the privileges include MLOCK.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters System-V InterProcess Communications (IPC) System-V InterProcess Communications (IPC) System-V IPC Message Queue Enhancement new at 11i original release System-V IPC is the System-V InterProcess Communications package developed by AT&T and comprises mechanisms for arbitrary processes to send and receive data “messages,” share virtual address space, and use semaphores to synchronize execution. This enhancement applies only to the message subsystem.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters System-V InterProcess Communications (IPC) operate properly even with larger queues. Even some of those programs which do use the fields may do so in such a manner that the inaccuracy does not adversly affect program behavior. These concerns arise only for separately-built binaries which share common message queues.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters System-V InterProcess Communications (IPC) Compatibility Issues The change from a hard-coded SEMMSL to a dynamic tunable is transparent to applications. In releases prior to 11i, a “SEMMSL” symbol was hardcoded to 2048 in sys/sem.h. This symbol will no longer always be an accurate representation of the maximum number of semaphores in a set. Uses of the symbol in programs should be removed.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters SCSI Queue Depth Management SCSI Queue Depth Management new at 11i original release If you have multiple active paths to a SCSI device (LUN), you might need to manage your device queue depths to maximize the device’s performance. This is particularly true with dynamic multi-pathing applications—such as EMC’s PowerPath application—which allow all multiple paths to a LUN to be in use simultaneously.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters Changes to mpctl() System Call Changes to mpctl() System Call new at 11i original release Some extensions have made to the mpctl() system call interface to pre-enable processor set functionality in the HP-UX 11i release. The mpctl() interface provides command requests to query system information, such as the total number of processors and locality domains in the system, and the IDs of all processors and locality domains.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters Changes to mpctl() System Call 204 Chapter 10
11 New and Changed Disk and File Management Features What’s in This Chapter? This chapter covers the following topics: Chapter 11 • Additional Support for Striping and Mirroring (see page 206) • New Whitepaper on File and File System Sizes (see page 206) • New Version of Journaled File System (JFS) (see page 206) • Network File System Support on TCP/IP (see page 208) • Other NFS Changes (see page 210) • Mounting and Unmounting NFS File Systems Automatically Using AutoFS (see page 211) • HP F
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features Additional Support for Striping and Mirroring Additional Support for Striping and Mirroring new at 11i original release Logical Volume Manager (LVM) now supports striping and mirroring for shared volume groups. Previously under HP-UX 11.0, a volume group could not be activated in shared mode if any of its logical volumes were striped or mirrored. This restriction has now been lifted.
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features New Version of Journaled File System (JFS) • a new command, vxfsconvert, for converting an HFS file system to a JFS file system. This command also converts HFS ACLs to JFS ACLs, with some limitations (see vxfsconvert (1M)). • performance enhancements • new packaging and licensing strategy for HP OnLineJFS 3.
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features Network File System Support on TCP/IP JFS 3.3 uses new header files. As far as the JFS module is concerned, a well-behaved application will not need to be recompiled. However, a kernel-intrusive application will need to be recompiled with the new header files, and possibly with some corresponding code changes. You should check with the application provider before upgrading. Performance Issues JFS 3.
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features Network File System Support on TCP/IP Kernel TCP threads execute under the process nfskdtcp. When counting the number of nfsd processes, keep in mind the following algorithm: An equal number of nfsds that support UDP will be created per processor, but only one nfsd that supports TCP will be created. In the case of a four-way machine and NUM_NFSDS=14 (set in /etc/rc.config.d/nfsconf), 17 nfsds will be created: 16 for UDP (4 per processor) and 1 for TCP.
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features Other NFS Changes Other NFS Changes new at 11i original release Three additional features have been added to NFS: • Loopback transport support has been added to transport-independent RPC. • Automatic user-space thread generation has been enabled in the RPC library. • NFS server-side performance enhancements have been added.
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features Mounting and Unmounting NFS File Systems Automatically Using AutoFS Mounting and Unmounting NFS File Systems Automatically Using AutoFS HP-UX 11i provides a daemon that mounts and unmounts NFS file systems automatically. This feature is known as AutoFS. AutoFS coexists with automount and performs the same functions as automount, but has a new, more reliable design. Additionally, AutoFS supports the NFS PV3 protocol whereas the automounter does not.
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features Mounting and Unmounting NFS File Systems Automatically Using AutoFS /sbin/init.d/nfs.client stop This will unmount all mounted AutoFS filesystems and then kill the automountd process. To stop AutoFS without using the /sbin/init.d/nfs.client script, you must enter the following: /usr/sbin/umountall -F autofs kill automounted_pid The automount -n, -M, and -tw options are not supported in AutoFS.
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features Mounting and Unmounting NFS File Systems Automatically Using AutoFS AUTOFS=1 AUTOMOUNT_OPTIONS=”” AUTOMOUNTD_OPTIONS=”” Documentation Change A new manpage, automountd (1M), describes the AutoFS automount daemon. The automountd (1M) manpage has been modified to describe both the old automount daemon and the new AutoFS command. Obsolescence Although all 11.
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features HP Fibrechannel High Availability Disk and Closure HP Fibrechannel High Availability Disk and Closure The HP Fibrechannel High Availability Disk and Closure, also referred to as the FC10, is a Mass Storage Subsystem disk enclosure. This is the design center for Fibre Channel-Arbitrated Loop and future SCSI Enclosures (SES).
12 Internet and Networking Services What’s in This Chapter? This chapter covers the following topics: • IPv6 Available on Software Pack (see page 216) — What is IPv6? (see page 216) — What’s Included in HP-UX 11i IPv6? (see page 216) — Identifying IPv6 Systems (see page 217) — Where to Find Information (see page 218) • Base HP-UX Internet Services (see page 219) — Sendmail-8.9.3 (see page 219) — BIND 8.1.
Internet and Networking Services IPv6 Available on Software Pack IPv6 Available on Software Pack What is IPv6? new for December 2001 Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is a new generation of the Internet Protocol that is beginning to be adopted by the Internet community. IPv6 is also referred to as “IPng” (IP next generation). It provides the infrastructure for the next wave of Internet devices, such as PDAs, mobile phones, and appliances.
Internet and Networking Services IPv6 Available on Software Pack ifconfig netstat ping route ndd traceroute ndp (a new IPv6-only utility for neighbor-discovery; ndp is similar to the arp utility used with IPv4) • Support in /etc/hosts for both IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses. Look-up policies for IPv6 are identical to those of IPv4. • IPv6 Name/Address Resolution for Name Service Switch: new entry (ipnodes) in /etc/nsswitch.conf.
Internet and Networking Services IPv6 Available on Software Pack Where to Find Information The following customer documentation is available on the Web at http://docs.hp.com. Note that these documents were written for an independent Software Depot release. The information in these documents still applies; however the “Installation” details are written for a Web download only.
Internet and Networking Services Base HP-UX Internet Services Base HP-UX Internet Services NOTE Although HP-UX 11i includes Sendmail 8.9.3, BIND 8.1.2, and WU-FTPD 2.4, you can download the following new versions of these products from HP’s software depot at http://www.software.hp.com under “internet & security solutions”: Sendmail 8.11.1, BIND 9.2.0, and WU-FTPD 2.6.1. The release notes for these versions are available at http://www.docs.hp.com under “Networking and Communications.” Sendmail-8.9.
Internet and Networking Services Base HP-UX Internet Services PrivacyOptions=noverb The noverb flag will disable the SMTP VERB command, turning off the verbose mode. • Support for new mailer and map class: Mailer: discard A special internal delivery agent named discard is now defined for use with check_* rulesets and header checking rulesets. Map class: regex Sendmail-8.9.3 supports regular expressions using the new map class regex.
Internet and Networking Services Base HP-UX Internet Services New Configuration File The BIND configuration file is now named.conf, with many more configurable variables than in previous releases of BIND. (The configuration file in previous versions of BIND was named.boot.) There are now entirely new areas of configuration, such as, access control lists and categorized logging. Many options that previously applied to all zones can now be used selectively.
Internet and Networking Services Base HP-UX Internet Services You can take advantage of using an authentication mechanism of your choice like DCE Integrated Login, UNIX, or Kerberos by making a change in the /etc/pam.conf file. By default, if you do not edit the /etc/pam.conf file, the rexec and the remsh services will use the authentication mechanism specified by the OTHER directive in the /etc/pam.conf file.
Internet and Networking Services Base HP-UX Internet Services To enable the DHCP server to perform updates to the DDNS, you need to add a new tag, ddns-address. The following is a sample of a DHCP_DEVICE_GROUP entry that includes the ddns-address tag and the pcsn tag: DHCP_DEVICE_GROUP:\ ba:\ pcsn:\ class-name=SUBNET_128_XTERMINAL_GROUP:\ class-id=”xterminal:”\ subnet-mask=255.255.255.0 :\ addr-pool-start-address= 15.14.128.1 :\ addr-pool-last-address= 15.14.128.254 :\ ddns-address=1.2.3.
Internet and Networking Services Network Transport Network Transport new at 11i original release Network Transport includes ifconfig, ndd, netstat, virtual IP address, setsockopt, and t_optmgmt. All are discussed in more detail below. ifconfig The ifconfig subnet mask default now allows all 1’s or all 0’s in the masked part of the subnet field. (The subnet field is that portion of an IP address that identifies the subnet beyond the network portion of the address.
Internet and Networking Services Network Transport Specific Changes 1. All 1’s or all 0’s are now allowed in masked bits of subnet address: ip_check_subnet_addr shows whether or not that RFC1122 or RFC1878 enforces the network subnet mask. If it is a 0 (zero), then the RFC1122 behavior is seen. If it is a 1 (one), then RFC1812 is seen. The default is now RFC1812 behavior. (See ifconfig in the preceding section for more information.
Internet and Networking Services Network Transport Supported parameter values are as follows: 2 Use Timestamps option if initiated by the remote system 1 Always try to initiate the use of Timestamps option 0 Never use Timestamps option 5. With the enablement of socket caching, tcp_conn_strategy can now increase performance by setting how many cached socket structures the system keeps. The default value of 0 (zero) disables the feature. A value between 1 and 512 sets a minimum of 512.
Internet and Networking Services Network Transport Beginning at HP-UX 11i, netstat -I displays statistics accumulated since the last system reboot. This matches netstat -I output for HP-UX releases 10.20 and earlier. Compatibility Issues There could be some compatibility problems with scripts where they look for the “Use” field.
Internet and Networking Services New Versions of FTPD New Versions of FTPD new at 11i original release This release contains a new version of FTPD, which replaces the legacy FTPD. In addition to supporting the FTP protocol defined in RFC 959, the following new features are provided: • Logging of transfers. • Logging of commands. • On-the-fly compression and archiving. • Classification of users by type and location. • Per-directory upload permissions. • Restricted guest accounts.
Internet and Networking Services New Versions of FTPD Table 12-2 New Commands (Continued) /usr/bin/ftprestart Table 12-3 Removes the shutdown message file created by the ftpshut utility. New Configuration Files /etc/ftpd/ftpaccess The primary configuration file defining the operation of the new FTP daemon. /etc/ftpd/ftpconversions Defines options for compression/decompression and tar/un-tar operations.
Internet and Networking Services Changes to rwhod Changes to rwhod updated for December 2001 The rwhod daemon now accepts hostnames with supported characters as per RFC 952 only. The supported characters include letters, digits, and the hyphen (-) sign. Hostnames with invalid characters, such as underscores, are now ignored by the rwhod daemon. For more information on RFC952, please see http://ietf.org.
Internet and Networking Services STREAMS/UX STREAMS/UX new at 11i original release Several enhancements have been made to STREAMS/UX, including support for the select() system call, an I/O forwarding mechanism, and Function Registering: • The select() system call for STREAMS/UX devices examines the files or devices associated with the file descriptors specified by the bitmasks, readfds, writefds, and exceptfds.
Internet and Networking Services Low Bandwidth X Extension (LBX) Low Bandwidth X Extension (LBX) The Low Bandwidth X extension (LBX) uses several compression and local caching techniques to improve performance on wide-area networks and on slower speed connections. These techniques reduce the amount of protocol data transported over the network and reduce the number of client-to-server round trips required for common application startup operations.
Internet and Networking Services Low Bandwidth X Extension (LBX) The xrx helper program has been added to the /usr/bin/X11 directory. End users must set up their Web browsers to use this program for files with the rx extension. 2. libxrx.6.3 (the Netscape plug-in) The Netscape plug-in, libxrx.6.3, has been added to the /usr/lib/X11R6 directory. End users must copy this to their $(HOME)/.netscape/plugins directory (or the equivalent) so that files with the rx extension are interpreted correctly.
Internet and Networking Services Low Bandwidth X Extension (LBX) graphics displays can be achieved than otherwise would be possible with a single system with multiple graphics cards. SLS/d provides the X Window system support for part of the 3-D Visualize Center products. SLS/d involves a low-level change in the X server that unites several distributed graphics displays into a logical X Window system. The only user-visible changes are related to system configuration.
13 Security What’s in This Chapter? This chapter covers the following topics: Chapter 13 • Generic Security Services for Developing Secure Applications (see page 236) • Execute Protected Stacks (see page 238) • Auditing Commands/System Calls To Be Obsoleted (see page 240) • Configurable Security Features (see page 241) • Password History Feature on Trusted Systems (see page 242) • Kerberos Client Software (see page 243) • HP-UX Kerberos Server (see page 245) 235
Security Generic Security Services for Developing Secure Applications Generic Security Services for Developing Secure Applications new at 11i original release The Generic Security Services Application Programming Interface (GSS API) is a newly introduced product for HP-UX 11i. It contains all the GSS APIs as per RFC 2743 and is implemented as C programming language interfaces as defined in the RFC 2744, “Generic Security Service API: C-bindings.
Security Generic Security Services for Developing Secure Applications Size Requirements A minimum of 32MB RAM and 1.5MB hard disk space will be required for installation and usage of the product on HP-UX 11i systems. Compatibility The libgss.sl library has been tested with the Kerberos V5 backend mechanism library (/usr/lib/gss/libgssapi_krb5.sl) and is fully compatible. This library is in the KRB5-Client Software. See the next section for more information.
Security Execute Protected Stacks Execute Protected Stacks new at 11i original release System security can be improved by enabling a new feature that execute protected program stacks. A common method of breaking into systems is by maliciously overflowing buffers on a program's stack. Malicious unprivileged users often use this method to trick a privileged program into starting a superuser shell for them, or similar unauthorized actions.
Security Execute Protected Stacks IMPORTANT Warning to Java Users Disabling stack execution will cause Java 1.2 programs to fail if using JDK/JRE 1.2.2 versions older than 1.2.2.06. To determine the Java version you are using, run java -version. To download the latest version of the JDK/JRE, see http://www.hp.com/go/java. To allow pre-1.2.2.06 programs to run, the executable from stack attribute of the program must be set to enable.
Security Auditing Commands/System Calls To Be Obsoleted Auditing Commands/System Calls To Be Obsoleted The auditing commands audevent, audisp, etc. and the system calls audwrite, audswitch, etc. will be obsoleted in a future release. An interface will be provided in the form of a device driver, /dev/idds, with additional functionality. At that time, both /dev/idds and the current 11i auditing process will be supported for ease of transition.
Security Configurable Security Features Configurable Security Features new at 11i original release Administrators now have a new convenient way to customize security features. A new /etc/default/security file is defined. Editing this file provides a way to configure new security features or to modify the behavior of existing security features.
Security Password History Feature on Trusted Systems Password History Feature on Trusted Systems Password history is a new trusted-system feature of the passwd command, used to discourage users from re-using previously used passwords.
Security Kerberos Client Software Kerberos Client Software new at 11i original release Kerberos is a network authentication protocol. Kerberos Client Software, now provided with HP-UX 11i, enables integrating HP-UX into a secure enterprise environment. It provides tools and libraries to perform authentication and secure communication. The Kerberos protocol is designed to provide strong authentication for client/server applications by using secret-key cryptography.
Security Kerberos Client Software • • • • • /usr/bin/klist: list cached Kerberos tickets. See klist (1). /usr/bin/kdestroy: destroy Kerberos tickets. See kdestroy (1). /usr/bin/kvno: print key version numbers of Kerberos principals. See kvno (1). /usr/bin/kpasswd: change a user’s Kerberos password. See kpasswd (1). /usr/sbin/ktutil: Kerberos keytab file maintenance utility. See ktutil (1). Manpages • • • Manpages in /usr/share/man/man1.
Security HP-UX Kerberos Server HP-UX Kerberos Server updated for June 2002 As of June 2002, HP-UX Kerberos Server 2.0 is available on the Application Release CD. For further information, visit http://docs.hp.com/hpux/onlinedocs/T1417-90003/T1417-90003.html. new for September 2001 HP announces a new security product available on the application CD distributed in September 2001.
Security HP-UX Kerberos Server 246 Chapter 13
14 Compatibility What’s in This Chapter? This chapter covers the following topics: • Compatibility from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i (see page 248) • Known Compatibility Exceptions from HP-UX 11.
Compatibility Compatibility from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i Compatibility from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i Hewlett-Packard has a long record of providing HP-UX compatibility. Because it protects your investment and allows you to upgrade easily, compatibility is an important feature that HP has always recognized and that HP customers have come to expect. Compatibility requirements span across HP-UX products to third-party products as well.
Compatibility Compatibility from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i NOTE • Does not use documented features that are specifically described as having platform, architecture, or configuration limitations • Does not decompose an HP-UX product and then reuse the results of the decomposition For compatibility issues relevant to a particular component, see the corresponding section elsewhere in this document. Binary Compatibility An application that has run on HP-UX 11.
Compatibility Compatibility from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i • Archive and shared relocatable object compatibility: An executable that is created by linking with a shared library that has dependencies on an archive library (a situation that typically occurs when linking with archive system libraries) is not supported. • Data model relocatable object compatibility: An executable created by linking with a mixture of 32-bit and 64-bit objects is not supported. The loader will not permit this.
Compatibility Known Compatibility Exceptions from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i Known Compatibility Exceptions from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i In the following sections, a short description of an 11i change is followed by details of the compatibility exception with which it is associated. Please note that all of these compatibility exceptions are rare corner cases for well-behaved applications.
Compatibility Known Compatibility Exceptions from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i have to use HP_LD_FDP_INIT_NS instead. If the HP_LD_FDP_INIT_NS environment variable is not set and fdp_init_ns.o is in the default location, the link will fail with the file not found error message. • ONC+/NFS Security Correction This change corrects a security problem in NIS+. However, applications that are linked to the archived version of the libnsl library may have a compatibility problem.
Compatibility Known Compatibility Exceptions from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i • MAX_PROCS Changed to Enable 128 CPU Support This change enables support for 128 CPUs. The kernel macro MAX_PROCS has changed from 32 to 128 in the LP64 kernel and has changed the ABI for the undocumented system calls ki_call() and ktest_ioctl(). The MAX_PROCS change will cause an ABI incompatibility for kernel-intrusive applications or drivers which access internal kernel arrays sized by the MAX_PROCS macro.
Compatibility Known Compatibility Exceptions from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i • Support Tools Manager User Interface, EMS Hardware Monitors This change improves the usability for the STM User Interface and the EMS Hardware Monitors. As a result, any script that depends on the specific output of the EMS Hardware Monitors or specific commands or displays in the STM User Interface may have to be modified. See “HP-UX Support Tools: STM, ODE, & EMS Hardware Monitors” on page 98 for more information.
Compatibility Known Compatibility Exceptions from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i • Tighter Security for NFS Mounts This change is necessary to improve the security of NFS mounts. Without this change, when you export a file system using the root= option of exportfs, NFS-clients on the root= option are allowed to mount the NFS file system even when they don't appear on the rw= list and/or access= list.
Compatibility Known Compatibility Exceptions from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i • SD Changes Behavior with Unknown Attributes This change allows packagers to use new attributes in their software packages without requiring SD to know the attribute. Specifically, the swpackage program will no longer print error messages when an unrecognized attribute is encountered. However, you must be careful when naming attributes because typographical errors will no longer be reported.
Compatibility Obsolescence and Deprecation of APIs Obsolescence and Deprecation of APIs This section defines the obsolescence of core system libraries and relocatable objects. Obsolescence of other products are covered in separate sections.
Compatibility Obsolescence and Deprecation of APIs Obsolete: An obsolete interface may have the following characteristics: • • • • • functionality is no longer available on the system runtime support is undefined cannot develop or build with this interface documentation is not provided or recommends against usage the final stage of the product life cycle has been reached The reasons for marking an interface as obsolete may include the following: • • • underlying infrastructure in either the software or h
Compatibility Obsolescence and Deprecation of APIs • libcma PA applications will continue to run on future releases of HP-UX, including those supporting IPF, via compatibility mode. • Applications using libcma should start migrating to POSIX threads (libpthread). • Where the libcma development environment is still available, libcma applications can maintain their existing development environment on 11.0 to 11i in order to continue to make application defect repairs.
Compatibility Obsolescence and Deprecation of APIs Table 14-1 APIs to be Deprecated/Obsoleted (Continued) Library/API /usr/old/ libmalloc3x.a /usr/old/ malloc3c.o libcma.a Description Release Deprecated Old malloc() relocatable objects for compatibility with pre-9.x 10.01 CMA threads 11.0 & 11i Native on IPF Comments No Use libc malloc(). No Use libpthread(). 11i libcma.1 No libcma.2 No libc APIs 11i No Use mallinfo() instead. HP proprietary terminal interfaces 10.
Compatibility Obsolescence and Deprecation of APIs Table 14-1 APIs to be Deprecated/Obsoleted (Continued) Library/API Description Release Deprecated Native on IPF Replaced by _INCLUDE_XOPEN_SOU RCE_EXTENDED 11i No _SVID2 No longer supported. 11i No _XPG2 No longer supported. 11i No _XPG3 No longer supported. 11i No _XPG4 Replaced by _XOPEN_SOURCE 11i No _POSIX1_1988 Replaced by _INCLUDE_POSIX_SOU RCE. 11i No _CLASSIC_ANSI_TYPES Supported in HP-UX 7.x, 8.x for HP-UX 6.
Compatibility Obsolescence and Deprecation of APIs 262 Chapter 14
15 Programming What’s in This Chapter? This chapter covers the topics listed below. (For other relevant information, also see Chapter 14, “Compatibility,” on page 247.
Programming HP-UX Software Transition Kit (STK) HP-UX Software Transition Kit (STK) The HP-UX Software Transition Kit (STK) aids in transitioning your software from HP-UX 10.20 and 11.0 to HP-UX 11i, from 32-bit to 64-bit, and from PA platforms to IPF platforms. To do this, many tools are available to help you resolve issues such as those involving data models and API changes.
Programming Libraries Libraries aC++ Runtime (libCsup*, libstd*, libstream*, librwtool*) The aC++ runtime provides the run-time environment necessary for deploying C++ based (aC++ compiled) applications on HP-UX 11i. new at 11i original release This release of the aC++ runtime includes a new ANSI-compliant Standard C++ library. (The previous version of the runtime included the “classic” C++ STL library that corresponded to the pre-standard [Sept. 1998] definition of the C++ language and library.
Programming Libraries Documentation Detailed manpages for the new library are included with the Independent Software Unit release. The new library is also discussed in aC++ Online Help. Changes to libc • Large Files Support for C++ Applications To support large files for C++ applications, libc has been modified. C++ applications can now access files greater than 2 GB. This is done by setting _FILE_OFFSET_BITS to 64 in 32-bit mode. More details can be found in the HP-UX Large Files White Paper Version 1.
Programming Libraries where the number of arenas is 8, and the expansion size is 32*4096 bytes. In general, the more arenas you use, the smaller the expansion factor should be, and vice versa. _M_SBA_OPTS turns on the small block allocator, and sets up parameters for the small block allocator, namely, maxfast, grain, num_smallblocks. Refer to mallopt() for details about the small block allocator, and its parameters. Applications usually run faster with the small block allocator turned on rather than off.
Programming Libraries Two new libraries are added: /usr/lib/libcres.a and /usr/lib/pa20_64/libcres.a. These archive libraries include the common string and memory functions along with a improved performance qsort routine. A few other selected small routines are also included. The intent of this library is to allow an application to link to this library archived while linking the application as a whole shared.
Programming Libraries Any performance gains for an application are highly dependent on the application’s use of libc.sl and what interfaces in this library are used. The fastcall technology will be delivered with all systems. If there are compatibility concerns, the applications should not be built with this technology. More API's in libc may make use of the fastcall technology in future releases. Appropriate changes to the header files will be delivered to track these changes.
Programming Libraries tracked. When the number of tracked objects reaches about 20,000, the user CPU time with the splay tree is about half the user CPU time for the old nftw(). At 100,000 tracked inodes, the user CPU time is about 90% less for the splay tree. Another performance improvement to nftw() eliminated calls to access() by checking the mode bits in the stat() buffer. This decreased system CPU time by approximately 4%.
Programming Libraries There are two portions to the thread private cache: one for ordinary blocks and one for small blocks. Small blocks are blocks that are allocated by the small block allocator (SBA), which is configured with the environment variable _M_SBA_OPTS or by calls to mallopt(3C). The small block cache is automatically active whenever both the ordinary block cache and the SBA are active. The ordinary block cache is active only when it is configured by setting _M_CACHE_OPTS.
Programming Libraries The malloc() per-thread cache is a heuristic which may or may not benefit a given kernel-threaded application that makes intensive use of malloc. Only by trying different configurations can you determine whether any speed improvement can be obtained from per-thread cache for a given application, and what the optimal tuning is for that application.
Programming Libraries Changes to libm The fesetround() and fehold() functions in fenv.h have been upgraded to the latest ISO C9x specification. Previously the functions returned nonzero to indicate success and zero to indicate failure; now they return zero to indicate success and nonzero to indicate failure. Any code that depended on the return value will need to change.
Programming Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Linker and Object File Tools (ld, crt0.o, dld.sl, libdld.sl, chatr, and odump) new at 11i original release The following list summarizes the changes to linker and object file tools. Details for several of the linker changes follow the lists. Linker Changes • Incremental linking supported in 64-bit ld and elfdump. • Unix 98 (32-bit dl()* calls) supported in libdld.sl and dld.sl. • 32-bit Filtered shared libraries supported in ld, dld.sl and in odump.
Programming Miscellaneous Unix 98: Support for the APIs dlopen, dlsym, dlerror and dlclose has been added for 32-bit programs. Filtered Libraries: Filtered shared libraries divide up a large library into one filter and several implementation libraries. The user links against the filter library, but the real definitions of data and functions actually resides in the implementation libraries. At run time, only those implementation libraries that are actually used are loaded.
Programming Miscellaneous • Added global symbol table support. • Added support for object code repository reuse. Neither functionality nor compatibility are affected by the code changes. However, for 64-bit programs, mixing object files having non-weakorder sections with object files having weakorder sections might cause the ordering of text sections to change. The new version of the linker requires 34112 blocks.
Programming Miscellaneous NOTE While the DCE library (libdcekt) has been ported to 64-bit, the binaries and daemons that are part of the DCE products are still 32-bit. The distinction between the International and US/Canada version of DCE components has been removed. That is, the 56-bit Data Encryption Standard (DES) which was earlier restricted to US/Canada is now available for all customers.
Programming Miscellaneous • DMS_FORCEON: DCE Measurement Service (DMS) provides performance instrumentation for DCE servers and for the server side of applications that use DCE RPCs. When DMS is enabled, it collects data about RPCs that execute in the target process. The collected data is actually displayed using HP GlancePlus. By default, DMS is disabled. DMS can be enabled exporting DMS_FORCEON=1.
Programming Miscellaneous NOTE This release includes an enhanced version of pstat(). This version repairs some existing defects by adding more fields in pst_status struct to return process children usage information. The pstat (2) manpage reflects this added functionality. The enhancement poses no problem for 11.0 executables running on 11.0 Extension Pack or 11i, nor for any executables running on 11.0 Extension Pack, as long as they do not rely on the additional functionality.
Programming Miscellaneous Table 15-2 New pstat Data Structures (Continued) pst_fid Used to efficiently re-access the opened files. This value is returned by pstat_getfile2(), pstat_getproc(), and pstat_getprocvm() calls. This ID is then passed to subsequent PSTAT calls such as pstat_getsocket() to efficiently re-access the opened files. pst_filedetails This data structure contains detailed information specific to a particular open file.
Programming Miscellaneous 32-bit or 64-bit applications that use sendfile() and are not compiled with the LARGEFILE(64)_SOURCE or FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 flags do not need to be changed or recompiled for HP-UX 11i. Machine Identifier Changes to confstr new at 11i original release New machine identifier, partition identifier, and serial number parameters have been defined for the confstr() library function.
Programming Miscellaneous 282 Chapter 15
16 New and Changed Internationalization Features What’s in This Chapter? This chapter covers the following topics: • Japanese Language Pack for Netscape 4.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Japanese Language Pack for Netscape 4.79 Japanese Language Pack for Netscape 4.79 updated for June 2002 Now available for Netscape 4.79 is the Japanese Language Pack, which localizes most of the menus. Additional information can be found at http://hp.com/go/netscape. For more information about Netscape Communicator included with the Operating Environments, see “Netscape Communicator” on page 101.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Unicode Character Set Unicode Character Set HP-UX 11i provides system level support for the Unicode 2.1/ISO-10646 character set. Hewlett-Packard’s support for Unicode provides a basis of enabling heterogeneous interoperability for all locales. ISO-10646 is an industry standard for defining a single encoding which uniquely encodes all the world’s characters. Unicode 2.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Unicode Character Set Table 16-3 Asian (Continued) zh_HK.utf8 Traditional Chinese (Hong Kong) zh_TW.utf8 Traditional Chinese To enable Unicode support in applications, set the environment variable to a desired utf8 locale. Locales are installed based on the current language file sets already installed on the target system. For example, if the system uses the International.German the German Unicode locale (de_DE.utf8) is installed.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Unicode Character Set Base Unicode offering (installed on all systems): Approximately 10MB. Table 16-5 Unicode European Locales and Localized Files French & French Canadian 8.4 MB German 4.2 MB Italian 4.2 MB Spanish 4.2 MB Swedish 4.2 MB Table 16-6 Unicode Asian Locales and Localized Files Japanese 3.4 MB Korean 2.4 MB Simplified Chinese 2.5 MB Hong Kong 1.7 MB Traditional Chinese 4.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Corrected Character Mappings to iconv(1) and iconv(3C) Corrected Character Mappings to iconv(1) and iconv(3C) This release contains defect fixes for incorrect character mappings. The corrections concern the Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese, Japanese, and Korean characters of HP-UX. Corrected character converter mappings allow for improved interoperability when sending or receiving converted character data to/from Unicode-aware systems.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Corrected Character Mappings to iconv(1) and iconv(3C) In the case of Big-5 to/from UCS2/UTF-8, the “Ideographic Space” character was absent in the Unicode conversion table mapping: Table 16-9 Mapping for Ideographic Space incorrect UCS2 big5 0xA140 correct UCS2 - 0x3000 Char Name Ideographic Space The following table summarizes the changes applied for conversions between eucTW and UCS2: Table 16-10 eucTW Changes Applied to eucTW—UCS2 Conversions incor
New and Changed Internationalization Features Corrected Character Mappings to iconv(1) and iconv(3C) No compatibility problems are anticipated.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Corrected Character Mappings to iconv(1) and iconv(3C) Table 16-12 sjis Changes Applied to Shift-JIS/EUC—WUCS2/UTF-8 Conversion (Continued) incorrect UCS2 eucJP correct UCS2 Character Name 0x818F 0xA1EF 0xFFE5 0x00A5 Yen Sign n/a 0x8FA2B7 0x02DC 0xFF5E Full-width Tilde Affected iconv conversions are conversions between sjis and UCS2 or UTF-8 as well as conversions between eucJP and UCS2 or UTF-8.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Corrected Character Mappings to iconv(1) and iconv(3C) No compatibility problems are anticipated. However, if compatibility concerns arise with regard to persistent data stored either in Unicode (UCS2) or UTF-8 on an HP-UX system, it is recommended that the previously installed ucs2=eucKR table be saved and renamed prior to installation of this fix.
New and Changed Internationalization Features EURO (ISO 8859-15 Locales) EURO (ISO 8859-15 Locales) Euro support is provided via locale support for the ISO 8859-15 character set. ISO 8859-15 is a newly ratified character set that differs from ISO 8859-1 in that it supports eight new characters. Specific enhancements are provided to allow Euro display, input, and processing capabilities. Fourteen new locales have been created based on ISO 8859-15: Table 16-14 New Locales Locale Language (Country) C.
New and Changed Internationalization Features EURO (ISO 8859-15 Locales) encounter a change to the decimal and thousands separators for the currency, whereas decimal and thousands separators outside the monetary area stay the same as in previous locales. For example, in the French locale, the thousands separator is a space and the decimal point is a comma. However, the international standard for the thousands separator for the euro currency is a period.
New and Changed Internationalization Features EURO (ISO 8859-15 Locales) The ISO8859-15 font set is resident on the HP 4500 Color LaserJet Printer, which contains the Euro symbol at position A4 (hexadecimal). Your data file must contain this code to print the Euro symbol. A new utility will be provided to download the fonts to the printer RAM. These fonts will then reside in the printer’s RAM until the next power cycle.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Euro - ISO 10646/Unicode Support Euro - ISO 10646/Unicode Support new at 11i original release HP-UX 11i provides system level support for the Unicode 2.1/ISO-10646 character set. Hewlett-Packard's support for Unicode provides a basis of enabling heterogeneous interoperability for all geographic areas. ISO-10646 is an industry standard for defining a single encoding which uniquely encodes all the characters of the modern world. Unicode 2.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Euro - ISO 10646/Unicode Support Table 16-16 Locales with Dual Currency (Continued) Locale Language/Country en_GB.utf8 English (Great Britain) es_ES.utf8 Spanish (Spain) i_FI.utf8 Finnish (Finland) fr_FR.utf8 French (France) is_IS.utf8 Icelandic (Iceland) it_IT.utf8 Italian (Italy) nl_NL.utf8 Dutch (The Netherlands) no_NO.utf8 Norwegian (Norway) pt_PT.utf8 Portuguese (Portugal) sv_SE.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Euro - ISO 10646/Unicode Support • The number “One thousand five hundred and fifty and a half ” outside the monetary area will be displayed as 1 550,50. • The monetary number “One thousand five hundred and fifty euro and 50 cents” will be displayed as EUR 1.550,50 Commands The localedef (1M) command has been enhanced to handle @euro modifier in order to build dual currency locale(s).
New and Changed Internationalization Features Euro - ISO 10646/Unicode Support Table 16-20 utf8 and PC code pages (EBCDIC) (Continued) utf8 <-> cp852 utf8 <-> cp855 utf8 <-> cp857 utf8 <-> cp1860 utf8 <-> cp861 utf8 <-> cp862 utf8 <-> cp863 utf8 <-> cp864 utf8 <-> cp865 utf8 <-> cp866 utf8 <-> cp869 utf8 <-> cp874 utf8 <-> cp1250 utf8 <-> cp1251 utf8 <-> cp1252 utf8 <-> cp1253 utf8 <-> cp1254 utf8 <-> cp1255 utf8 <-> cp1256 utf8 <-> cp1257 utf8 <-> cp1258 Table 16-21 ucs2 and PC cod
New and Changed Internationalization Features Asian System Environment (ASE) Asian System Environment (ASE) new at 11i original release HP-UX provides Asian systems for the Asian countries of the Far East, consisting of the following products: JSE Japanese System Environment KSE Korean System Environment SSE Simplified-Chinese System Environment TSE Traditional-Chinese System Environment HP-UX provides several Asian enhancements as server features, including some new Asian codesets, UDC (User Defi
New and Changed Internationalization Features Asian System Environment (ASE) By installing optional Font DIMM on these printers, you can print text with TrueType fonts. To use TrueType fonts, you have to configure a printer with PCL5.asian model file for the LP Spooler, or with 2BPCL5.asx printer model for HPDPS. NOTE ❏ HPDPS common printer model directory For HPDPS, the common printer model directories PCL5.asx, 2BPCL5.asx and ESCP.asx are provided for future new printer support.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Asian System Environment (ASE) Table 16-22 New Printer Models for JSE Printer 302 LP Spooler Model File HPDPS Printer Model File HP LaserJet 5sia PCL5.nloo (PCL5.asian) PCL5.asx (2BPCL5.asx) HP HITPCPDA ESCP ESCP.asx HP HITHTS4A ESCP ESCP.asx HP HITKD20A ESCP ESCP.asx HP HITKD45A ESCP ESCP.asx Canon LBP-850 LIPS4 LIPS4.asx Canon LBP-930EX LIPS4 LIPS4.asx Canon LBP-2030 LIPS4 LIPS4.asx Canon LBP-2040 LIPS4 LIPS4.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Asian System Environment (ASE) a. By installing optional Japanese Font DIMM on these printers, you can print Japanese text with TrueType fonts. To use Japanese TrueType fonts, you have to configure a printer with PCL5.asian model file for the LP Spooler, or with 2BPCL5.asx printer model for HPDPS. To see whether your printer has Japanese TrueType Font installed, follow these steps: Press Menu on the control panel of the printer until “INFORMATION MENU” appears.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Asian System Environment (ASE) — Fujitsu JEF — — — — jefc: JEF (Fujitsu Mainframe code set) + EBCDIC (lower alphabet) jefk: JEF (Fujitsu Mainframe code set) + EBCDIK (katakana) jefc9p: JEF + EBCDIC designating 9 point size in printing jefk9p: JEF + EBCDIK designating 9 point size in printing The code set conversions are provided between the above Mainframe code sets and the following existing code sets: SJIS eucJP ucs2 ❏ New UDC feature A new UDC environment
New and Changed Internationalization Features Asian System Environment (ASE) • SSE ❏ Unicode Simplified Chinese UTF-8 locale zh_CN.utf8 is supported. On this locale, you can input, display and print UTF-8 characters. There is support for characters defined in standards ISO10646 and GB 2312 (1980). UDC (User Defined Characters or GAIJI) and VDC (Vender Defined Characters) are not supported. For details, see the document /usr/share/doc/ASX-UTF8.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Asian System Environment (ASE) Changed Feature • JSE ❏ EISUU key mode change for 106/109 keyboard In the previous version, the EISUU key, Shift + EISUU (Caps Lock mode) keys, and Alt + EISUU (KANJIBANGOU mode) keys all worked as Caps Lock. Now they work as original features of the key/keys. Deleted Features • ASE Common ❏ • KSE ❏ NOTE Printing to LaserJet III series is now obsoleted.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Asian System Environment (ASE) ❏ EGBridge Closing the EGBridge main window during Kana-Kanji conversion on hpterm may also close hpterm. You should finish conversion before closing the EGBridge main window. ❏ IMS common (XJIM/ATOK8/EGBridge/VJE-gamma) — Window focus sometimes cannot be moved by Meta(Alt)-Tab key if applications use XIMStatusNothing and they overlap each other with KANJI-ON state.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Asian System Environment (ASE) old: LKONOFF = XK_Henkan XK_Meta_L new: LKONOFF = XK_Henkan XK_Meta_L XK_Alt_L Then save the updated key map file and restart EGBridge. You can turn EGBridge on/off with the left “Alt” key. ❏ udcload — When UDCs are not arranged in the code order in the UDC file, udcload cannot load UDC. Therefore. you should arrange UDCs in the code order.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Enhanced Print Capabilities in the Asian System Environment Enhanced Print Capabilities in the Asian System Environment HP-UX 11i contains enhancements to the printer capabilities of four Asian-country system environments (JSE, KSE, SSE, TSE), as itemized below. Changes Common to All ASEs • LP Model File: Supports new printers: The PCL5.nloo model file supports Asian text printing on following printers.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Enhanced Print Capabilities in the Asian System Environment • HPDPS: Provides common printer model directories: Provides new printer model directories, LIPS3.asx, LIPS4.asx, PS.asx and 2BPCL5.asx for future printer support. Users can use these model directories as model or sample implementation of a printer-model.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Enhanced Print Capabilities in the Asian System Environment Traditional-Chinese System Environment (TSE) • X Print Server: TSE supports printing via X Print Server to PCL printers • LP and HPDPS: Supports new print options. Supports new printers. • HPDPS: Provides common template model directory for each print language. For more information, see the file: /usr/share/doc/ASX-TCH.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Multibyte Support Extension and Unix98 Support Multibyte Support Extension and Unix98 Support new at 11i original release A new set of multibyte APIs have been added to libc following the C99 specification (ISO/IEC 9899:1999), and the Unix98 specification.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Multibyte Support Extension and Unix98 Support How to Get MSE/Unix98 Behavior In order to get MSE/Unix98 behavior, the programs have to be compiled with the -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=500 macro definition and the variable has to be defined in the environment. Under the Korn, Bourne, and POSIX shells, this is done with: UNIX_STD=98 export UNIX_STD Under the C shell this is done using setenv UNIX_STD 98 A cc compiler equal to HP92453-01 A.11.01.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Multibyte Support Extension and Unix98 Support mbsrtowcs() mbsrtowcs() converts a character string to a wide-character string. Note that the behavior of this function is affected by the LC_CTYPE category of the current locale. towctrans() towctrans() is provided for character transliteration. The current setting of the LC_CTYPE category should be the same as during the call to wctrans()-.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Multibyte Support Extension and Unix98 Support fprintf(), printf(), snprintf(), sprintf(), fscanf(), scanf(), sscanf() printf (3S), scanf (3S) and related functions support the new qualifier l (the letter) to select wide character conversion in a given format string and set errno to [EILSEQ] if the data obtained from the input stream does not form a valid wide character. fputwc(), putwc(), putwchar() The type of first argument is changed from wint_t to wchar_t.
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17 Licensing Products Future Change for LicensePower/iFOR HP plans to remove LicensePower/iFOR from the Core HP-UX software in a future release. This licensing product can be obtained directly from Isogon Corporation, the owner of the product. To download LicensePower/iFOR, go to Isogon’s Web site: http://www.isogon.com/support/sptlpifor/download/download.
