Surround Professional Audio Equipment
IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS WARNING FOR YOUR PROTECTION PLEASE READ THE FOLLOWING: KEEP THESE INSTRUCTIONS HEED ALL WARNINGS FOLLOW ALL INSTRUCTIONS THE APPARATUS SHALL NOT BE EXPOSED TO DRIPPING OR SPLASHING LIQUID AND NO OBJECT FILLED WITHI LIQUID, SUCH AS VASES, SHALL BE PLACED ON THE APPARATUS. CLEAN ONLY WITH A DRY CLOTH. DO NOT BLOCK ANY OF THE VENTILATION OPENINGS. INSTALL IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE MANUFACTURER’S INSTRUCTIONS.
IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY Manufacturer’s Name: Manufacturer’s Address: Lexicon® 8760 S. Sandy Parkway Sandy, Utah 84070, USA declares that the product: Product name: PCM 96SUR Product option: None Note: Product name may be suffixed by the EU. conforms to the following Product Specifications: Safety: EMC: IEC 60065 (7th ed.
Warranty This warranty is valid only for the original purchaser and only in the United States. If outside the United States please contact the local Lexicon® distributor. 1. The warranty registration card that accompanies this product must be mailed within 30 days after purchase date to validate this warranty. Proofof-purchase is considered to be the burden of the consumer. 2. Lexicon Professional warrants this product, when bought and used solely within the U.S.
INTRODUCTION.................................................................... 1 THE FRONT PANEL ............................................................... 3 THE REAR PANEL - DIGITAL MODEL ...................................... 5 THE REAR PANEL - DIGITAL AND ANALOG MODEL ................ 7 USING THE PCM96 SURROUND ........................................... 9 Powering Up the PCM96 Surround............................... 9 The Preset Screen...........................................................
Machine Config............................................................. 29 MIDI Control................................................................ 29 Tempo Control.............................................................. 30 Card Config................................................................... 30 Network Config............................................................. 30 HiQnet Config............................................................... 30 Restore Factory Defaults.........
INTRODUCTION Congratulations and thank you for purchasing the PCM96 Surround Reverb/Multi Effects Processor! Building on the success of the PCM96, the new PCM96 Surround offers more presets, more configuration options, and more inputs and outputs. The PCM96 Surround gives you industry standard reverbs and effects, with tremendous flexibility. Use the PCM96 Surround as a plug-in with your DAW, or keep it connected to your mixer.
THE FRONT PANEL 1 3 2 MACHINE 4 SELECT 5 6 7 89 TAP/TEMPO STORE LOAD COMPARE FLASH BUSY BACK 1 2 3 4 5 6 10 11 12 13 1. Gain LEDs Each row of Gain LEDs indicates input signal strength of each of the PCM96 Surround’s inputs. If the Audio Source is set to Analog (in the Audio Setup menu), they show analog levels. If Audio Source is set to Digital, they show digital levels. Range is from -18dB, -12dB, -6dB, -3dB, and 0dB. 2.
Do not remove the Compact Flash card when this LED is lit. 9. Power Button Press to turn the PCM96 Surround on or off. 10. Display This high resolution, high contrast, and high viewing angle OLED (Organic LED) display shows menu and box configuration and status information. 11. BACK Pressing this button moves you up one level in the menu tree. Note that when a System preset is loaded, this button takes you to the System Mode Category Selection menu.
THE REAR PANEL - DIGITAL MODEL 1 2 3 4 OUT 5-6 5 OUT 3-4 OUT 1-2 IN 5-6 IN 3-4 IN 1-2 6 1. POWER JACK Standard 3-pin IEC power connector. 100-240V, 50-60Hz automatic switching to correct voltage range. 2. ETHERNET INPUTS These RJ-45 connections are used to network PCM96 Surround devices and control them via Ethernet. 3. MIDI IN Receives MIDI information from other MIDI equipment such as master keyboard controllers, MIDI foot controllers, sequencers and synthesizers.
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THE REAR PANEL - DIGITAL AND ANALOG MODEL 1 2 3 4 5 ANALOG I/O 6 7 1. POWER JACK Standard 3-pin IEC power connector. 100-240V, 50-60Hz automatic switching to correct voltage range. 2. DB25 6-CHANNEL DIGITAL AES I/O This D25 connector carries six analog inputs and outputs. 3. ETHERNET INPUTS These RJ-45 connections are used to network PCM96 Surround devices and control them via Ethernet. 4.
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USING THE PCM96 SURROUND POWERING UP THE PCM96 SURROUND 1. Plug in the power cord. 2. Press the Power button. 3. The Lexicon® logo appears, and remains until the boot process is complete. Next, the Preset screen appears, showing the currently loaded preset. THE PRESET SCREEN The Preset screen is the starting point for many of the instructions in this manual, so it’s a good idea to know how to get to the Preset screen.
SELECTING YOUR AUDIO SOURCE AND CLOCK SOURCE 1. Press the Machine button until the words “System View” appear in the Display. 1:ConcertHall->Flange 1:Single Stereo Config 96 48 (System View) 2. Press the Select knob. The System Menu appears. System Menu Version 1.0 +Audio Setup +Machine Config +MIDI Control 48 3. With Audio Setup highlighted, press the Select knob. The Audio Setup menu appears. |:Audio Setup Audio Source: ANALOG Clock Source: INTERNAL Clock Rate: 48KHz (Lock) 48 A B C 4.
System Presets and Machine Presets also have User and Card categories, where you can access user-edited presets. Presets in the User category are stored on the PCM96 Surround, and presets in the Card category are stored on a Compact Flash card. To select a different category 1. From the Preset screen, press the Back button. The Category Selection screen appears.
Note that pressing the Back button or the Select knob have different results depending on what kind of preset is loaded. The following diagram shows what happens when you press the Select knob, Back button, and Machine button in both System View and Machine View.
0:Med Hall 1:PreDelay 2:MidRT 2:ReverbTime 3:RvbOutFreq 48 :14ms :1.59s :4750.0Hz Configuration Icon (Machine Preset) Press the Machine button repeatedly to cycle through the virtual machines in a System Preset, and eventually back to the System Preset. EDITING A PRESET To edit a System Preset, you must edit the virtual machines within it. Press the Machine button to cycle through the virtual machines within a System Preset.
STORING A PRESET Once you’ve edited a preset, you can store it on the PCM96 Surround (in the User category) or on a Compact Flash card (in the Card category). Note: When you first insert a Compact Flash card, you may receive the message “Card Needs Initializing.” Refer to page 15 for instructions on how to initialize a Compact Flash card. 1. From the Preset screen, press the Store button. The Save As screen appears. Select Knob -> Change Position ʻAʼ Knob -> Change Letter Save As: Single Stereo Config 2.
INITIALIZING/FORMATTING A COMPACT FLASH CARD To initialize or format a Compact Flash card: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Press the Back button until the Preset screen appears. Press the Machine button until System View is displayed. Press the Select knob to enter the System Menu. Turn the Select knob until Card Config is highlighted. Press the Select knob to access the Compact Flash Menu. Press Knob B to Format the card OR press Knob C to initialize the card.
DSP CONFIGURATIONS The PCM96 Surround processor can be divided in up to four virtual machines, each of which can run its own algorithm. This lets you route signals from each input through a variety of algorithm combinations. The PCM96 Surround can use up to six physical inputs and six physical outputs at a time; configurations for the physical inputs and outputs are described below.
When dealing with true surround source material, the choice of configuration is simple--choose the 4-in or 5-in version. The algorithms are all designed to treat the inputs uniquely. If the algorithm is a reverberator or room, then each input will propagate into the space from the direction of its virtual source. If the algorithm is a delay or effect, each input will be treated by itself, and then possibly propagated into shared feedback paths.
CASCADE STEREO The left and right signals are processed together in one virtual machine, and the resulting signal is sent to a second virtual machine, where they are again processed together. DUAL MONO The left signal travels through one virtual machine, and the right signal travels through a separate second virtual machine. QUAD MONO Four mono signals are processed independently by four virtual machines.
SINGLE TWO IN FIVE OUT Two signals are processed by one virtual machine, and output as five signals. SINGLE FIVE IN FIVE OUT Five signals are processed by one virtual machine, and output as five signals. SINGLE SIX IN SIX OUT Six signals are processed by one virtual machine, and output as six signals.
THE PCM96 SURROUND PLUG-IN The plug-in lets you add PCM96 Surround reverbs and effects to projects on your Digital Audio Workstation (DAW). INSTALLING THE PLUG-IN SOFTWARE To install the PCM96 Surround plug-in: 1. Double-click the PCM96_Surround_Installer x.x.x.x.dmg file (where “x.x.x.x.” is the version number) on the included DVD. The dmg file opens. 2. Double-click the PCM96_Surround_Installer x.x.x.x.dmg to begin the installer. 3. Follow the on-screen instructions to complete installation. 4.
Click the single down arrow in the lower right corner to open the second plug-in control area. In the second control area, you can adjust the soft row parameters by clicking on and moving the sliders. Note that the soft row parameters vary from preset to preset. Click the down arrow in the lower right corner to open the third control area.
In the third control area (located at the bottom of the plug-in), you can adjust all the parameters in the preset by clicking on and moving the sliders. You can select different groups of parameters to adjust by clicking the buttons in the row at the top of the third control area (in the example above, I/O Levels, Input Control, Shape, etc.). Some parameters appear as dropdown menus; click the menu to open it, and click on an option to select it.
Locate Click to make the PCM96 Surround display flash, so you can easily find the curently selected PCM96 Surround in a large rack full of PCM96 Surrounds. Update Click to automatically update the PCM96 Surround software via the Internet. PCM96 SURROUND SETUP DIALOG When you click the PCM96 Surround Communication button in the PCM96 Surround Control Panel, the PCM96 Surround Setup dialog appears. Communications Interface Select your computer’s connection to the PCM96 Surround here.
NETWORKING This section provides a step-by-step guide on how to properly connect the PCM96 Surround to a Local Area Network (LAN) for several different network architectures. The first topology is a simple direct connection using the provided Ethernet cable. The second method describes how to connect and configure several PCM96 Surround units to create an isolated network using an Ethernet switch with static or with DHCP.
SUBNET A small network within a larger network. For example, a TCP/IP network might be a subnet of a venue’s network, which could include computers throughout the building, or a network might be divided into subnets. For example, in a large installation, there may be one subnet per rack or room. DHCP (DYNAMIC HOST CONFIGURATION PROTOCOL) This is a protocol for automatically assigning IP addresses to devices on a network.
VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORKS (VPN) Virtual private networks (VPN) provide an encrypted connection (or tunnel) between networks or between a network and a user over a public network (such as the Internet). Instead of using a dedicated, real-world connection such as a leased line, a VPN uses virtual connections through the public network.
ETHERNET LINK Make sure that you have a valid Ethernet connection by looking at the link status lights. Most Ethernet devices will have some kind of indicator that shows the link is present. Check the following connections: • PCM96 Surround device – If there is a valid connection on the PCM96 Surround you will see a solid green LED.
SYSTEM MENU The System Menu lets you adjust several settings in the PCM96 Surround. To access the System Menu, press the Select knob while a System Preset is loaded. The System Menu contains sub-menus and options. Sub-menus contain options and/or more sub-menus. To enter a sub-menu, highlight it with the Select knob and press the Select knob. Options contain values that you can adjust (indicated by a colon followed by a value, for example, “Audio Source: ANALOG”).
Confidence Error - “0” indicates no problem. “1” indicates the PCM96 Surround is detecting excessive jitter or noise on the digital audio line. No data has been corrupted, but corrective action should be taken. Sample Slip - An unchanging number indicates you are not slipping samples. An increasing number indicates samples are misaligned with the window defined by the Input Source.
Base Channel Select the connected MIDI device’s base channel here. Choose from 0-15. Bank Dump Lets you copy an entire bank of presets from the PCM96 Surround to another device via MIDI. (For a map of banks and presets, see page 34; to see the current preset’s bank number, press Knob C while viewing the Preset screen.) When Bank Dump is highlighted, turn the corresponding B or C Knob to select a bank. Press the corresponding B or C Knob to send the bank to the connected device.
MACHINE MENU The Machine menu lets you adjust settings for a single virtual machine. To access the Machine menu, press the Select knob while a Machine Preset is loaded. The sub-menus vary depending on what algorithm is active. SOFT ROW SETUP This sub-menu lets you assign parameters to a Machine Preset’s soft row. The soft row is the list of parameters that appears below a Machine Preset’s name in the Preset screen.
SETUP DEFINITIONS Setup #1 – More Devices: This setup would be used in situations where you want to control more than 3 PCM Devices on the same MIDI port. This setup will control up to 16 PCM Devices. In this particular setup configuration, you cannot make specific patch changes on individual machines via MIDI; you can only change the System Presets.
To assign a base channel to the PCM96 Surround: Press the Back button until the Preset screen appears. Press the Machine button until System View is displayed. Press the Select knob to enter the System Menu. Turn the Select knob until Midi Control is highlighted. Press the Select knob to access the Midi Control Menu. Turn the Select knob until Base Channel is highlighted. Turn Knob B to select the base channel (0-15). Press the Back button twice to return to the Preset screen.
midpoint of its range (64), the parameter will also be at the midpoint of its range no matter what the actual number. Continuous Controllers range from 0 to 127. If the parameter range is less than 127, then a small controller change might not result in a parameter update. But the entire range of the parameter can still be accurately controlled. In addition, if the actual range of the parameter is greater than 127, MIDI control might be somewhat coarse. This is most noticeable with large delays.
MIDI SYSEX IMPLEMENTATION COMMAND 0: REQUEST PRESET DUMP When this command is received by the PCM96 Surround, it will respond with a preset dump of the requested preset. If the preset does not exist, the PCM96 Surround will not respond. Only presets from User banks may be requested. Factory banks will not be transmitted.
COMMAND 2: REQUEST PRESET BANK DUMP When this command is received by the PCM96 Surround, it will respond with a series of preset dumps for all presets in the bank. Blank presets will be transmitted in a special form. Only presets from User banks may be requested. Factory banks will not be transmitted.
THE ALGORITHMS CHAMBER (SURROUND, STEREO AND MONO) Chamber is a complex miniature-space effect resembling an echo chamber at its smaller settings and, at its larger ones, a small performance space with a more rapid build-up of reflection density than a hall. Reverberant tails are randomized. RANDOM DELAY (SURROUND, STEREO AND MONO) Random Delays provide no-holds-barred control over delays. These algorithms feature one delay line per input channel. Each delay line has two outputs, called “voices.
Random Delays are similar to Simple Delays, but are especially useful for: • Multitap Tape Loops Feedback can be used to recirculate delays. Appropriate use of highpass and lowpass filters emulates the bandpass effects of multi-generational tape loops (hiss not included). Feedback diffusion allows emulation of azimuth misalignment – a hallmark of the sound.
RANDOM HALL (SURROUND, STEREO AND MONO) Random Hall is a hall effect with gradual build-up, well suited to complex sounds like orchestral music. Its reverberators change over time in controlled random ways to avoid the buildup of tinny, grainy, metallic, or other colorations. The modulation can be noticeable and is often a desirable effect. The early reflections are user adjustable in amplitude and delay. Some skill is needed to set useful reflection patterns.
RESONANT CHORDS (SURROUND, STEREO AND MONO) The Resonant Chord algorithm uses impulsive energy at the inputs to excite six resonant voices (notes). The level, pitch, duration, and high-frequency cutoff of the overtones for each voice are separately controllable. Each voice can be panned independently. The voices resonate to some degree with any input, but the most effective excitation contains all frequencies, like percussion.
round-robin. For example, if MIDI note numbers are used to assign pitch, the resonators will constantly be re-tuned to the pitches of the last six MIDI notes received. (This can produce an effect similar to playing a piano with the sustain pedal depressed.) In Res2>Plate, pitches are assigned to the six resonators diatonically, harmonized with the key, scale, and root of your choice.
sets themselves may be loaded into either type of machine, with the appropriate number of voices appearing. Every effort is made to make the factory presets sound alike in both formats, but it is possible to may presets that work very differently, based on machine type. PITCH SHIFT - STANDARD VSO This simple pitch shifter provides high-quality shifting by semitones and cents. In stereo or surround, this is the best choice for full music mixes or for any multichannel submixes.
THE PARAMETERS The PCM 96 contains hundreds of presets, covering just about every possible need. But you can refine and customize any preset by adjusting its parameters. Parameters are the building blocks within each preset that determine how it sounds and behaves. Each algorithm contains a set of parameters, and a variety of those parameters (sometimes from more than one algorithm) are combined to create a preset.
Category (Room) This parameter lets you select a specific category from which a room response may be chosen. Changes here have a direct effect on the Pattern Selector parameter. Chorus Depth (Concert Hall) This parameter controls the amount of randomization of the chorus tap. Higher values are generally preferred in order to minimize reverb coloration. Pitch effects may result and are closely tied to the Reverb Chorus Rate parameter.
Feedback This controls the amount of echo output that is fed back to the input of the echo buffer. The actual feedback level is modified by the Master Echo Feedback parameter, if present. The master value is a percentage (0-100%) that is applied to the Echo Feedback level. Feedback Diffusion Feedback Diffusion is similar to Input Diffusion, except that it is applied to a delayed signal that is being added back into the input.
a general rule of thumb, this should be set in the higher part of the range in order to preserve detail in the shifted material. It should be lowered if artifacts appear in the low frequencies. Master Echo Delay Controls all echo voices in the algorithm. Each echo delay has its nominal time adjusted by this percentage. Master Echo Feedback Controls all echo voices in the algorithm. Each echo feedback has its nominal gain adjusted by this percentage.
the delays may mix their outputs to the same channel (left to left) and some may go cross-channel (left to right). Reflection Gain (Level) Each Reflection Delay voice also has a gain value. This gain is controlled by the Reflection Gain parameter. Resonance This parameter determines at which frequency the delay voice resonates. Resonance Detune Master Controls detuning of all voices in the algorithm. Each voice has its nominal detune. adjusted by this percentage.
Reverb Spin (Spin) This is usually simply called spin. It controls the speed of the reverb randomizer. Spin is also connected with the Reverb Wander parameter Reverb Time Hi Cut This parameter, also known as Hicut or RTHC is a low-pass filter in the recirculating part of the reverb. It represents a frequency above which the tail dies away more quickly. In some ways, it represents the opposite end of the scale from BassRT, and may be considered an analog of air absorption.
Tip: Shape will not have this effect if spread is at its minimum value. But even then, it can make a difference. In this case, it affects reverb timbre and density. Higher values of shape will be both darker and denser, although the effect is subtle. Shelf This parameter effects all filter types. It allows a certain amount of unfiltered audio to be combined with the filtered audio. This effectively lowers the effect of the filter.
Tail Width This parameter is present in all stereo reverbs and rooms. The reverb tail (all components of the reverb except for early reflections, etc.) is passed through a simple 2x2 matrix. This provides an encoding of the tail that dramatically changes its spatial characteristics. The tail can be changed to feel narrower (even down to mono) or wider than normal stereo. There are values for the parameter to encode the tail in such a way that it decodes into surround channels.
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PCM96 SURROUND SPECIFICATIONS ANALOG INPUTS Connectors Impedance Level (for 0dBFS) Freq Response @96K A/D Dyn Range THD Crosstalk @ 1Khz One 25-pin Dsub female connector 20K Ohm, balanced +4dBu mode: +20dBu –10dBV mode: 8.2dBu 20Hz - 22kHz, ±.15dB 20Hz - 46kHz ±.5dB A/D Conversion 24 bits 112dB unweighted, 115dB A-weighted <0.
CLOCK JITTER Intrinsic Jitter Gain Exceeds AES3 Amendment 1 Exceeds AES3 Amendment 1 CONTROL INTERFACES MIDI ** In/Out/Thru **supports program change ALGORITHMS Chamber Random Delay Random Hall Plate Dual Delay Resonant Chords Chorus/Flange Concert Hall Room Hall Pitch Shift Signal Generator Surround, Stereo and Mono Surround, Stereo and Mono Surround, Stereo and Mono Surround, Stereo and Mono Surround, Stereo and Mono Surround, Stereo and Mono Surround, Stereo and Mono Surround, Stereo and Mono Sur
DIMENSIONS Rack Units Size 1U 19.0” W x 1.75” H x 16” D (483mm x 44.5mm x 317.5mm) Weight 14.25 lbs REGULATORY APPROVALS FCC CE UL cUL TUV Class A EN55103-1, EN55103-2 UL1419 C22.
MIDI IMPLEMENTATION CHART Function Basic Channel Mode Note Number Velocity After Touch Pitch Bend Control Change Program Change Bank Select System Exclusive System Common Default Changed Default Messages Altered True Voice Note ON Note OFF Keys Channel Song Position Song Select Tune Request System Clock Real Time Commands Aux Local ON/OFF Messages All Notes OFF Active Sensing System Reset Notes Mode 1: OMNI ON, POLY Mode 3: OMNI OFF, POLY 56 Transmitted X X X X X Recognized Remarks 1-16 X N/A X X X
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Harman Music Group 8760 South Sandy Parkway | Sandy, Utah 84070 U.S.A. Phone: (801)-568-7660 | Fax: (801)-568-7662 PCM96 Surround Copyright 2010 Lexicon Professional® Questions or comments? Email us at: customer@lexiconpro.com or visit us online at www.lexiconpro.
