Canopy™ 45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide BH45-UG-en Issue 3 December 2004
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Compliance General Intentional or unintentional changes or modifications to the equipment must not be made unless under the express consent of the party responsible for compliance. Any such modifications could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment and will void the manufacturer’s warranty. NOTE: This system has achieved Type Approval in various countries around the world.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Contents 1 Getting Started........................................ 6 8 Specifications ....................................... 80 1.1 For Your Safety....................................... 6 8.1 System Specifications.......................... 80 1.2 Welcome ................................................. 6 8.2 Safety Compliance ............................... 84 1.3 Product Description ................................ 7 8.3 EMC Emissions Compliance ...............
5 Mbps Backhaul User Guide List of Figures Figure 1 45 Mbps Backhaul Outdoor Unit (ODU) ................................................................................. 8 Figure 2 45 Mbps Backhaul Power Indoor Unit (PIDU)........................................................................ 9 Figure 3 45 Mbps Backhaul Reset Switch Location............................................................................. 9 Figure 4 45 Mbps Backhaul PIDU Power Input ..........................................
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Figure 35 Remote Management.......................................................................................................... 67 Figure 36: Diagnostics Download........................................................................................................ 71 Figure 37 Password Change ............................................................................................................... 72 Figure 38: Software License Key Data Entry.......................
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide List of Equations Equation 1 Path Loss ........................................................................................................................... 18 Equation 2 Link Loss............................................................................................................................
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide 1 Getting Started 1.1 For Your Safety Caution! Users and installers should note: To disconnect power from the Canopy 45 Mbps Backhaul, unplug the unit from AC (mains). There is no power switch on the unit. Warning! Use extreme care when installing antennas near power lines. Warning! Use extreme care when working at heights. Caution! When the system is operational, avoid standing directly in front of the antenna. Strong RF fields are present when the transmitter is on.
45 Mbps Backhaul 1.2.4 User Guide Technical Support If problems arise, the Canopy support team is here to help. Here is the escalation path for resolution of a problem: • Check this document. • Escalate the problem to your Canopy supplier. • Escalate the problem to Canopy Technical Support or other designated Tier 3 technical support: Canopy Technical Support email: technical-support@canopywireless.
45 Mbps Backhaul 1.3.1 User Guide The Outdoor Unit (ODU) The ODU (Figure 1) is a self-contained unit. It houses both radio and networking electronics. A single CAT 5 cable feeds the unit. Power is fed to the unit from the Power Indoor Unit (PIDU) (Figure 2) via the brown/brown white pair connected to pins 7 and 8 of the RJ45 plugs and sockets.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Figure 2 45 Mbps Backhaul Power Indoor Unit (PIDU) The front panel contains indicators showing the status of the power and Ethernet connections. The power indicator is illuminated when the PIDU is receiving AC (mains) power. The Ethernet indicator normally illuminates when the Ethernet link is working; Flashing when there is Ethernet activity; the fact that it lights also indicates that the ODU is powered.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Reset Button Action Depression More than 20 seconds, This resets the configuration to factory defaults. while the unit is already powered up. While connecting power This resets to factory defaults and erases any user loaded for more than 40 seconds software images leaving the factory loaded image intact. after power is applied None Power cycle by switching off at the AC receptacle (mains). All settings remain the same. Table 1 Reset Actions 1.3.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Since the connection from the PIDU to the ODU is part of network infrastructure and is often operating in a high RF environment due to nearby equipment and the potential for lighting-induced currents, the use of shielded cables is strongly recommended. The connection between the PIDU and user’s equipment can be made using any standard CAT5 patch cable. The RJ45 Ethernet connection is presented as a piece of network equipment.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide RIGHT TO USE THIS PRODUCT IS LICENSED ONLY ON THE CONDITION THAT YOU AGREE TO THE FOLLOWING TERMS. Now, therefore, in consideration of the promises and mutual obligations contained herein, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby mutually acknowledged, you and Motorola agree as follows: Grant of License. Subject to the following terms and conditions, Motorola, Inc.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide information and the like), whether foreseeable or unforeseeable, arising out of the use or inability to use the Software or accompanying written materials, regardless of the basis of the claim and even if Motorola or a Motorola representative has been advised of the possibility of such damage.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide be deemed a waiver by that party as to subsequent enforcement of rights or subsequent action in the event of future breaches. 1.4.2 Hardware Warranty in U.S. Motorola U.S. offers a warranty covering a period of 1 year from the date of purchase by the customer. If a product is found defective during the warranty period, Motorola will repair or replace the product with the same or a similar model, which may be a reconditioned unit, without charge for parts or labor.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide 2 Product Architecture The 45 Mbps Backhaul consists of an identical pair of units deployed one at each end of the link. The radio link operates on a single frequency channel in each direction using Time Division Duplex (TDD). One unit is deployed as a master and the other as a slave. The master unit takes responsibility for controlling the link in both directions.
45 Mbps Backhaul 3 3.1 User Guide General Considerations Frequency Planning The 45 Mbps Backhaul operates over the frequency range 5.725 to 5.850 GHz (defined as the USA ISM band and the ETSI 5 GHz C band), utilizing a 11 MHz wide channel. Setting of the operating frequency channel is automatic and is carried out by the built in Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS) functionality.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide 4 Site Planning 4.1 Site Selection Criteria The following are guidelines for selecting the installation location of the 45 Mbps Backhaul ODU and PIDU. 4.1.1 ODU Site Selection When selecting a site for the ODU the following should be taken into consideration: 4.1.2 • That it is not possible for people to stand or walk inadvertently in front of the antenna.
45 Mbps Backhaul 4.1.3 User Guide Path Loss Considerations The path loss is the amount of attenuation the radio signal undergoes between the two ends of the link. The path loss is the sum of the attenuation of the path if there were no obstacles in the way (Free Space Path Loss), the attenuation caused by obstacles (Excess Path Loss) and a margin to allow for possible fading of the radio signal (Fade Margin).
45 Mbps Backhaul 4.1.4 User Guide Aggregate Ethernet throughput rate v maximum link loss The equipment capability is given in Table 2. It gives the Ethernet throughput rate vs link loss for 45 Mbps Backhaul in both modes. Adaptive modulation will ensure that the highest throughput that can be achieved instantaneously will be obtained taking account of propagation and interference. The calculation of Equation 1 needs to be performed to judge whether a particular link can be installed.
45 Mbps Backhaul 4.2.1 User Guide Rules for Collocating To collocate Canopy 45 Mbps Backhauls and Canopy 5.7 GHz 10 or 20 Mb Backhauls, follow these three rules: • Use a minimum vertical separation of 6 ft (1.8 m) between the 45 Mbps Backhaul and any other Canopy module. • Use 5735, 5755, and 5775 MHz for the 5.7 GHz Access Points or 10 Mb or 20 Mb backhauls.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide 5 Installation Motorola recommends that only qualified personnel undertake the installation of an 45 Mbps Backhaul system. 5.1 Preparation Before proceeding with the installation you should: 5.2 • Check the contents of all packages against the parts lists shown in the packing list. • Ensure that you have the correct tools for the job. • Ensure that you are qualified to undertake the work. • Ensure that you have taken the correct safety precautions.
45 Mbps Backhaul 5.5 User Guide Legal Disclaimer IN NO EVENT SHALL MOTOROLA BE LIABLE FOR ANY INJURY TO ANY PERSONS OR ANY DAMAGE CAUSED DURING THE INSTALLATION OF THE MOTOROLA 45 Mbps Backhaul PRODUCT. 5.6 Mounting the ODUs The ODU mounting bracket is designed to ease installation by mounting the bracket to a wall or pole and then bringing the ODU into position and attaching using a single bolt.
45 Mbps Backhaul Step 1: Mount one half of the bracket to the wall. 5.7 User Guide Step 2: Mate the two halves of the bracket together and tighten the nut and bolt. Connecting Up 5.7.1 Preparing The Cable — RJ45 connections Cable can be purchased from your reseller or distributor. (Note that the maximum length between the PIDU and ODU is 100m.) Those wishing to source their own cables and connectors (see section 1.3.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Step 3: Arrange conductors as shown in Figure 7 and cut to length Step 4: Insert conductors and crimp Figure 6 Completed ODU connector Both ends of the ODU cable are terminated in the same way. Repeat steps 2, 3, and 4 for the PIDU end of the cable. Note: The PIDU end of the cable does not employ a cable gland. Figure 7 RJ45 Pin Connection 5.7.2 Making the Connection At The ODU The following procedure describes how connection is made at the ODU.
45 Mbps Backhaul Step 1: Assemble the cable as described in 5.7.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Figure 8 Disconnecting the ODU Warning: Ensure that power is removed from the system at the PIDU to prevent damage to the ODU while making or breaking the connection. 5.7.3 Routing the Cable After connecting the cable to the ODU it can be routed and secured using standard cable routing and securing techniques. When the cable is in place it can then be cut to the desired length at the PIDU prior to connection to the PIDU. 5.7.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Step 3: Replace the cover ensuring it is firmly latched 5.7.7 Mounting The PIDU This step is optional. Motorola recommends that you mount the PIDU on a wall or other suitable mounting surface. This prevents the unit from being knocked or kicked and can help maintain link availability. Ensure that the reset switch can be accessed when mounting the unit. Step 1: Fix the PIDU to the wall using the lugs provided. 5.7.8 Step 2: Make connections as per Section 5.7.
45 Mbps Backhaul 5.7.9 User Guide Aligning the ODUs The following is a description of the steps taken to establish a radio link between the two units forming the bridge and align the units for the best signal strength. The 45 Mbps Backhaul uses audible tones during installation to assist the installer with alignment. The installer should adjust the alignment of the ODU in both azimuth and elevation until highest pitch tone is achieved3.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide has been established. The Master unit will only move to the Synchronized state when the range of the link has been established. If at the end of the ranging period the Registered state is not achieved due to interference or other reasons, the Master unit will retry twice more on the same channel before moving to another available channel. Should this occur it might take a number of minutes to establish a link in the Registered state.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide 6 Web Page Reference The web user interface has three main sections. The home page presents to the operator a high level summary of the 45 Mbps Backhaul wireless link. The status page presents a more detailed set of system parameters describing the performance of the wireless link together with other key system performance metrics. The final section is the system administrator section.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide System Clock If the SNTP (Simple Network Time Protocol) (see section 6.3.8.3) is enabled a system clock attribute is displayed giving the date and time of the last page refresh. If SNTP is disabled then the system clock attribute is not displayed on the home page. 6.1.1 Home Page Alarm Display The home page is also used to display all outstanding major system alarms. Whenever system alarms are asserted a yellow warning triangle is displayed on webpage navigation bar.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide appropriate license keys from the country of operation should be obtained from your distributor. Applying license keys containing the same region codes to both ends of the link will remove the alarm. Spectrum Management Channel Warning The alarms warns a user when the intelligent spectrum management feature can't find a suitable wireless channel. This alarm occurs when the signal assessment features of the 45 Mbps Backhaul can’t find a channel to operate on. 6.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Software Version The attribute describes the version of software installed on the equipment. The format of the attributes is PPPP-XX-YY where PPPP is the product version, XX is the major release version and YY is the minor release version. Hardware Version The hardware version attribute contains all the combined hardware version information. The attribute is formatted as DXX.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Half Duplex Half Duplex data transmission means that data can be transmitted in both directions on a signal carrier, but not at the same time. For example, on a local area network using a technology that has half duplex transmission, one workstation can send data on the line and then immediately receive data on the line from the same direction in which data was just transmitted.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Pll = PTx − PRx + 2 ⋅ ( g Tx + g Rx ) Where Is Pll Link Loss (dB) PTx Transmit power of the remote wireless unit (dBm) PRx Received signal power at the local unit (dBm) g Tx , g R x Antenna gain at the remote and local units respectively (dBi). The antenna gain of the 45 Mbps Backhaul is 23.5 dBi. Equation 2 Link Loss Receive Data Rate The data rate in the receive direction, expressed in Mbps and presented as: max, mean, min, and latest histogram format.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Range The range6 between the peer 45 Mbps Backhaul units. Refresh Page Period The Status page refreshes automatically according to the setting entered here (in seconds). 6 The 45 Mbps Backhaul displays range in km by default, if the user would prefer to display range using Miles the ‘Distance Units’ attribute should be set to imperial, see the “Properties” webpage section 6.3.
45 Mbps Backhaul 6.3 User Guide System Administration Pages The following menu options are available for the system administrator and can be password protected. Figure 12 shows the system administration login page. By default a system admin password is not set. Simply click the login button to access the system administration features.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Figure 13 Configuration Page While the majority of the system configuration is entered during installation and should never require changing, this page offers the system administrator the ability to change the basic system parameters for both the wireless and Ethernet components. Link Name User defined identity for the unit (max 63 characters).
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide By default the Target Receive Modulation Mode is 64QAM 7/8. The value in brackets shows the maximum unidirectional data for the current modulation / ranging mode combination. Maximum Transmit Power This specifies the maximum transmit power in dBm of the system, it is country dependent and although the user can change this it will be limited to that country’s regulations.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Figure 14 Configuration Reboot Page Note: At this point you will lose connection to the unit. If you have just changed the IP Address you now have to reconnect to the unit using the address just set.
45 Mbps Backhaul 6.3.2 User Guide Statistics Page The 45 Mbps Backhaul statistics page is designed to display some key statistics of the Ethernet Bridge and the underlying wireless performance. Figure 15 Statistics Wan Good Tx Packets This displays the total number of good packets the bridge has sent for transmission by the wireless interface. The number in (+nn) displays the number of packets transmitted since the last page refresh.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Wan Bad Rx Packets This displays the total number of corrupt packets the bridge has received from the wireless interface. The number in (+nn) displays the number of corrupt packets received since the last page refresh. Lan Tx Packets This displays the total number of good packets the bridge has sent for transmission by the local Ethernet interface. The number in (+nn) displays the number of packets transmitted since the last page refresh.
45 Mbps Backhaul 6.3.3 User Guide Install Pages These pages are used during system installation. There follows a description of the install pages along with their use during the installation configuration process. The actual installation process is described in section 5.7.9 “Aligning the ODUs”. All wireless links are shipped as paired units. They are pre-configured at the factory so that they can be installed without the user supplying any configuration.
Mbps Backhaul User Guide The 45 Mbps Backhaul operational software requires a license key to enable the wireless bridging capability and programs region code specific parameters in to the unit. Figure 16 License Key Data Entry A license key is programmed into each unit during production and can be found written on the Configuration Data Summary Label which is attached to the Quick Install Guide. If subsequently the license key has been mislaid, replacement keys can be applied for online.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Figure 17 Installation Wizard Internet Protocol Configuration. Once complete click the ‘Submit Internet Protocol Configuration’ button or the ‘Next’ link.
45 Mbps Backhaul 6.3.3.3 User Guide Wireless Configuration Step 2 of the installation wizard requires the installer to enter the wireless configuration parameters. Figure 18 Installation Wizard Wireless Configuration Target MAC Address The MAC Address of the peer unit that will be at the other end of the wireless link. This is used by the system to ensure the unit establishes a wireless link to the correct peer. The MAC Address can be found embedded within the serial number of the unit.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Max Transmit Power This attribute controls the maximum transmit power the unit is permitted to use when installing and executing the wireless link. Ranging Mode During installation the wireless units perform automatic ranging. The ranging mode allows the installer to control the behavior of the systems automatic ranging algorithms. The default value is 0 to 40 km7.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Figure 19: Fixed Frequency Operation Issue 3, December 2004 Page 48 of 113
45 Mbps Backhaul 6.3.3.4 User Guide Confirm Configuration Step 3 of the installation wizard allows the installer to review and confirm the installation information before committing the information to non-volatile memory (Figure 20) Figure 20 Installation Wizard Confirm Configuration. If all the settings are correct and appropriate click the “Confirm Configuration and Reboot Unit” button. All the attributes are committed to non-volatile memory.
45 Mbps Backhaul 6.3.3.5 User Guide Disarm Step 5 of the installation wizard is the disarm phase. Figure 21 Disarm Installation. Once section 5.7.9 “Aligning the ODUs” is complete pressing the “Disarm Installation Agent” button completes the installation process and the audible installation tone will be switched off. If the installer wishes to modify the installation configuration then the ‘Back’ link can be used to access the installation wizard steps described above.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Figure 22: Optional Post Disarm Configuration Issue 3, December 2004 Page 51 of 113
45 Mbps Backhaul 6.3.4 User Guide Software Upgrade The 45 Mbps Backhaul system has two software image banks; one is a fixed image which is stored in protected non-volatile memory and is not modifiable by the user, the second bank is used by the system administrator to upgrade the firmware as and when necessary. Figure 23 shows the main software upgrade webpage. Figure 23 Software Upgrade The ‘Fixed’ image is only used if disaster recovery is required, i.e.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Figure 24 Software Upgrade Image Check The user should ensure that the correct image is shown before pressing the “Program Software Image into NonVolatile Memory” button. Once this button has been pressed the image is stored into non-volatile memory, this process can take up to 60 seconds and must not be interrupted.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Figure 25 Software Upgrade Complete When the software image has been written to non-volatile memory Figure 25 will be displayed showing the status of the software upload. Reboot the unit by clicking the Reboot Unit button. This will reboot the unit within 30 seconds, during this time you will not be able to communicate with the unit. The unit is now fully functional. If this screen is not displayed after 60 seconds this could indicate a problem with the memory update process.
45 Mbps Backhaul 6.3.5 User Guide Spectrum Management (Non UK) Spectrum Management Selection (previously referred to by the acronym DFS) is the 45 Mbps Backhaul wireless feature that monitors the available wireless spectrum and directs both ends of the wireless link to operate on a channel with the minimum level of co and adjacent levels interference. 6.3.5.1 Wireless Channels The 45 Mbps Backhaul wireless operates using a set of predefined overlapping channels.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Mean of Means is the arithmetic mean8 of the measured means during a quantization period. The mean of means is a coarse measure of signal interference and gives an indication of the average interference level measured during the quantization period. The metric is not very good and predicting intermittent interference and is included to show the spread between the mean of means, the 99.9% percentile and the peak of means. Important Note. f DFS uses the 99.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Figure 26 DFS as seen from the Master Issue 3, December 2004 Page 57 of 113
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Figure 27 Spectrum Management as seen from the Slave 6.3.5.5 Spectrum Management Configuration The following section describes the user modifiable configuration assessible from the DFS webpage. It is recommended that the default values are maintained. If the user believes that the performance of the DFS algorithm requires some modifications this should only be done after consulting your distributor or one of the Motorola field support engineers.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Statistics Window. DFS uses statistical analysis to process the received peak and mean measurement. The statistical analysis is based around a fixed measurement quantization period. The default quantization period is one minute. DFS collects data for the specified quantization period and only at the end of that period is the statistical analysis performed.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Green Active Orange Interference Blue Available Grey Barred The channel is currently in use hosting the Point-to-Point wireless link The channel has interference above the interference threshold The channel has an interference level below the interference threshold and is considered by the Spectrum Management algorithm suitable for hosting the Point-to-Point link The system administrator has barred this channel from use.
45 Mbps Backhaul 6.3.5.9 User Guide Viewing Historic Spectrum Management Metrics Spectrum Management allows the system administrator to view the results of previous measurement quantization periods. Holding down the shift key and clicking the appropriate channel on the local channel spectrum plots activates this feature. This feature is available on both the master and slave webpage. Figure 30 Spectrum Management Timeseries Plot Figure 30 shows an example time series plot.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide 6.3.5.10 SPECTRUM MANAGEMENT Online Help Because the SPECTRUM MANAGEMENT displays contain a large amount of data, symbols and color references, an online help screen has been provided. This screen is accessible from both the master and slave webpages. Figure 31 gives a high level overview of the DFS webpage. Figure 31 SPECTRUM MANAGEMENT Help Page 6.3.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide mode of operation is only recommended for deployments where the installer has a good understanding the prevailing 5.8 GHz interference environment. Figure 19 shows an example fixed frequency configuration. The lower center frequency is set to its default value and the Fixed Transmit Frequency is set to 5740 MHz and the Fixed Receive Frequency is set to 5782 MHz.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide have a very large impact on the operation of the wireless link so it is important that the user understands how the UK regulations effect the wireless link when impulsive radar interference is detected. The UK DFS requirements are specified in ETSI EN 301 893. Their primary aims are: Detect interference from other systems and to avoid co-channel operation with these systems, notably radar systems; Provide on aggregate a uniform loading of the spectrum across all devices.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Figure 33: UK DFS Master Screen The colored bar represents the following channel state: The channel is currently in use hosting the Point-to-Point wireless link Green Active Orange Interference The channel has interference above the interference threshold Blue Available The channel has an interference level below the interference threshold and is considered by the DFS algorithm suitable for hosting the Point-to-Point link The system administrator has barred this channel
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Table 7 DFS change state key Figure 34: UK DFS Slave Screen 6.3.8 Remote Management Page The Remote Management page (Figure 35) allows the system administrator to configure the remote management of the 45 Mbps Backhaul.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Figure 35 Remote Management 6.3.8.1 SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) The industry standard remote management technique is SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol). The 45 Mbps Backhaul supports version 1 and version 2 of the SNMP protocol. 6.3.8.1.1 Supported Management Information Bases (MIBS) The industry standard remote management technique is SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol). The 45 Mbps Backhaul supports SNMP version 1 and version 2.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide For a copy of the Motorola proprietary MIB RFC please visit the Motorola website. 6.3.8.1.2 SNMP Configuration SNMP State The SNMP state attribute controls the creation of the SNMP features. Changing the SNMP state attribute requires a mandatory reboot of the unit. Only when the SNMP state is enabled at system start-up will the SNMP processor task be created. SNMP Enabled Traps The SNMP Enabled Traps attribute controls which SNMP Traps the unit will send.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide SNMP Trap IP Address Is the address of either the network SNMP manager or Trap receiver. When asynchronous events (Traps in SNMP terminology) are generated the client unicasts these to this IP Address. When the address is changed the system requires a mandatory reboot before the setting is adopted SNMP Trap Port Number The SNMP Trap Port Number is the port number of either the networked SNMP manager or Trap receiver. By convention the default value for the port number is 162.
45 Mbps Backhaul 6.3.8.3 User Guide SNTP (Simple Network Time Protocol) The SNTP client allows the 45 Mbps Backhaul to obtain accurate date and time updates from a networked timeserver. The resultant time information is used by the SNMP, webpage and System Reboot tasks. SNTP State The SNTP state attribute controls the creation of the SNTP features. SNTP IP Address The IP address of the networked SNTP server. SNTP Port Number The port number of the networked SNTP server.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Figure 36: Diagnostics Download 6.3.10 Change System Administration Password This page (Figure 37) is used to change the password for the system administration (The factory default is blank).
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Figure 37 Password Change To change the password any combination of alphanumeric characters, up to 31 characters in length, can be used. 6.3.11 License Key The License Key data entry page allows the system administrator to update the 45 Mbps Backhaul license key. Figure 16 shows an example license key data entry page.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Figure 38: Software License Key Data Entry The user must enter the license key and click the ‘Validate License Key’ button to check that the key is valid and program it to non-volatile memory. If a valid license key is detected then the user will be presented by a system reboot screen see Figure 39.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Figure 39: License Key Reboot Screen 6.3.12 Properties The web page properties screen allows the user to configure the webpage interface. Figure 40: Properties WEB Properties: Disable Front Page Animated GIF Replaces the homepage animated 45 Mbps Backhaul gif with a 45 Mbps Backhaul static. WEB Properties: Disable Front Page Login Allow access to homepage and status page webpages without forcing a login as the system administrator.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide If the SNTP service from the remote management section above is active then the command reboot commands will be accompanied by the date and time the reboot was requested.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide 7 Fault Finding If communication has been lost with the unit at the near end of the link then there may be a hardware fault with the wiring, network or hardware. Go to the hardware section below. If communication with the far end of the link is lost then go to the radio section below. 7.1 Hardware If there are problems suspected with the link hardware the following procedure is recommended. The following diagram illustrates the main system connections.
45 Mbps Backhaul 7.1.2 User Guide Ethernet The Ethernet LED is driven from the ODU processor and thus is capable of informing you of many conditions using different flash sequences. If the Ethernet indicator does not illuminate at all there are four possible conditions. 1. There is no power reaching the ODU because of a wiring fault 2. The ODU is faulty 3. The PIDU is faulty 4.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide normal operation reset will take place Off while switch pressed. Reset Switch Pressed and held for > 20 seconds during normal operation On One second after release, flashes twice per second regularly for 10 seconds, then erases non-volatile configuration data and resets. The erasure will reset all the unit's configuration apart from the last known wireless link configuration, this ensures that after a reset the wireless link SHOULD reestablish without any user intervention.
45 Mbps Backhaul 7.2 7.2.1 User Guide Radio No Activity If communication over the radio link has been lost and the unit at the other end of the link can be managed on its local network. The following procedure should be adopted: If there is no wireless activity then the configuration should be checked.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide 8 Specifications 8.1 System Specifications Radio Technology Specification RF Band 5.725-5.850GHz Channel Selection By dynamic frequency control and manual intervention Automatic detection on startup and continual adaptation to avoid interference. Dynamic Frequency Control Initial capture 10-15 sec. Out of service on interference 100 ms.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide The receive sensitivities and system gains for each mode are as follows: Mode RX Sensitivity TX Power System Gain BPSK 1/2 -95.5 dBm 24 dBm 166.5 dB QPSK 1/2 -92.8 dBm 23 dBm 162.8 dB QPSK 2/3 -90.7 dBm 23 dBm 160.7 dB 16QAM 1/2 -88.1 dBm 21 dBm 156.1 dB 16QAM 3/4 -83.6 dBm 21 dBm 151.6 dB 64QAM 2/3 -80.2 dBm 19 dBm 146.2 dB 64QAM 3/4 -78.3 dBm 19 dBm 144.3 dB 64QAM 7/8 -73.6 dBm 19 dBm 139.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Antenna Antenna Type Integrated flat plate antenna Antenna Gain 23.5 dBi typical Antenna Beamwidth 8 Degrees Wireless PHY Max Path Loss 167dB Duplex Scheme TDD, Symmetric (1:1) and Asymmetric (2:1) Range 81 miles (130km) optical Line-of-Sight 6 miles (10km) non-Line-of-Sight Over-the-Air Encryption Proprietary scrambling mechanism. Optional AES – via license update.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Ethernet Bridging Protocol IEEE802.1; IEEE802.1p; IEEE802.3 compatible Interface 10/100BaseT (RJ-45), Supports MDI/MDIX Auto Crossover Data Rate12 0 – 5 km Mode (Single direction – Symmetric TDD (1:1)) BPSK 1/2 QPSK 1/2 QPSK 2/3 16QAM 1/2 16QAM 3/4 64QAM 2/3 64QAM 3/4 64QAM 7/8 1.60 Mbps 3.20 Mbps 4.27 Mbps 6.40 Mbps 9.60 Mbps 12.81 Mbps 14.41 Mbps 16.81 Mbps BPSK 1/2 QPSK 1/2 QPSK 2/3 16QAM 1/2 16QAM 3/4 64QAM 2/3 64QAM 3/4 64QAM 7/8 2.07 Mbps 4.13 Mbps 5.51 Mbps 8.
45 Mbps Backhaul 8.2 8.3 User Guide Power Supply Separate power supply unit (included) Power source 90 – 264 VAC, 50 – 60 Hz Power consumption 30 W mean (85 BTU/Hr) Safety Compliance Region Specification USA UL 60950 Canada CSA C22.2 No.60950 International CB certified & certificate to IEC 60950 EMC Emissions Compliance Region Specification USA FCC Part 15 Class B Canada CSA Std C108.
45 Mbps Backhaul 8.4 User Guide EMC Immunity Compliance Top-level Specification ETSI 301-489. Specification Comment EN 55082-1 Generic EMC and EMI requirements for Europe EN 61000-4-2: 1995 Electro Static Discharge (ESD), Class 2, 8 kV air, 4 kV contact discharge EN 61000-4-3: 1995 ENV50140: 1993 (radiated immunity) 3 V/m 8.5 8.6 EN 61000-4-4: 1995 (Bursts/Transients), Class 4, 4 kV level (power lines AC & DC) Signal lines @ 0.5 kV open circuit voltage.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Waterproof IP65 (ODU) , IP53 (PIDU) UV Exposure 10 year operational life (UL746C test evidence) Issue 3, December 2004 Page 86 of 113
45 Mbps Backhaul 8.7 8.7.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide 9 Lightning Protection 9.1 Overview The idea of lightning protection is to protect structures, equipment and people against lightning by conducting the lightning current to ground via a separate preferential solid path and by reducing the electromagnetic field. The following should be treated as a guide only, the actual degree of lightning protection required depends on local conditions and weather patterns.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Figure 44 ODU Mounted in Zone B & ODU Mounted in Zone A Figure 45 ODU mounted inside Zone B Issue 3, December 2004 Page 89 of 113
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Zone A Zone B Ground (Earth) ODU Mandatory Recommended Shielded Cable Mandatory Recommended Ground (Earth) Cable at Building Entry Mandatory Recommended Ethernet Surge Arrestor Recommended Recommended Table 8 Protection Requirements Shielded Cat 5 Cable Figure 46 Diagram showing a typical installation Issue 3, December 2004 Page 90 of 113
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Figure 47 Upper Configuration and Lower Configuration Issue 3, December 2004 Page 91 of 113
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide 10 Wind Loading 10.1 General Antennas and electronic equipment mounted on towers or pole mounted on buildings will subject the mounting structure to lateral forces when there is appreciable wind. Antennas are normally specified by the amount of force (in pounds) for specific wind strengths. The magnitude of the force depends on both the wind strength and size of the antenna. 10.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Note : When the connectorized version of 45 Mbps Backhaul is used with external antennas, the figures from the antenna manufacturer for lateral force should be included to calculate to total loading on the mounting structure. 10.3 45 Mbps Backhaul Capabilities The structure and mounting brackets of the ODU are capable of withstanding wind speeds up to 151mph (242kph).
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide 11 Connectorized 45 Mbps Backhaul 11.1 Scope This Chapter details the changes and additional features relevant to the connectorized version of the Canopy 45 Mbps Backhaul. 11.2 Product Description 11.2.1 Hardware The connectorized version of the 45 Mbps Backhaul is designed to provide the system integrator and installer with the ability to provide extra capability to cope with very difficult radio links compared to the 45 Mbps Backhaul integrated version.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide 11.3.1 Status Page The link loss calculation presented on the Status Page on the management interface has to be modified to allow for the increased antenna gains at each end of the link. The manufacturing process of the connectorized 45 Mbps Backhaul configures the standard hardware of the unit for use with external antennas. The installer is prompted, as part of the installation process, to enter the gain of the external antenna(s) and cable losses at each end of the link.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide 11.3.2 Configuration Pages The amended Configuration Web page is shown below as Figure 50.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide 11.3.3 Installation Pages The installer is prompted to enter the Antenna Gain and Cable Loss (45 Mbps Backhaul C to antenna) at each end of the link. The Installation Page(s) is shown as Figure 51-Figure 53. Figure 51 Connectorized 45 Mbps Backhaul ‘Installation Wizard’ Page Antenna Gain Gain of the antenna you are connecting to the unit, see Table 11 Allowed Antennas for Deployment in USA/Canada. Cable Loss Loss in the cable between the ODU and the antenna.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Figure 52 Connectorized 45 Mbps Backhaul ‘Confirm Installation’ Page Figure 53 Connectorized 45 Mbps Backhaul ‘Disarm Installation’ Page Issue 3, December 2004 Page 98 of 113
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide 11.4 Deployment Considerations The majority of radio links can be successfully deployed with the 45 Mbps Backhaul product. It should only be necessary to use external antennas where the Link Budget Calculator indicates marginal performance for a specific link. Examples of this would be where the link is heavily obscured by dense woodland on an NLOS link or extremely long LOS links (>80km) over water.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide 11.6 Regulatory Issues In countries where FCC regulations are not relevant, installations should conform to any applicable local regulations for the Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP). Products deployed in North America or where FCC Part 15 regulations are used for unlicensed radio equipments, the sections 11.6.1and 11.6.2 apply. 11.6.1 Antenna Choice The antennas allowed to be deployed with the connectorized 45 Mbps Backhaul are shown in Table 11. 11.6.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide 11.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide 11.8 Installation The section covers the generic installation instructions for the connectorized 45 Mbps Backhaul. The actual installation procedure will depend on antenna choice, cable choice, required antenna separation etc. 11.8.1 Antenna Choice Table 11 shows a wide variety of antennas that can be used with the connectorized 45 Mbps Backhaul. The main selection criteria will be the required antenna gain. The secondary criteria should be the ease of mounting and alignment.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide 11.8.5 Mounting 11.8.5.1 Connectorized 45 Mbps Backhaul unit A connectorized 45 Mbps Backhaul unit is supplied with the same bracket as supplied with a integrated antenna 45 Mbps Backhaul. Details on the use of this bracket can be found in section 1.3.6 “Mounting Brackets”.
45 Mbps Backhaul Step 6: User Guide Connect the 45 Mbps Backhaul ODU to PIDU cable and configure the unit as described in section 5.7 ”Connecting Up”. Step 7: Align the connected antenna using the tones as described in section 5.7.9 “Aligning the ODUs”. Step 8: Connect the other antenna to the 45 Mbps Backhaul unit. Step 9: Disconnect the cable to the already aligned antenna. Step 10: Align the second antenna using the tones as described in section 5.7.9 “Aligning the ODUs”.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Antenna Drip loop Figure 54 - Forming a Drip Loop All joints should be weatherproofed using weather-tight wrap. It is recommended that a layer of premium vinyl electrical tape be placed over the weather-tight wrap to protect the joint while the weather-tight wrap cures and give additional protection. Figure 55 shows this diagrammatically for the 45 Mbps Backhaul unit end of the antenna cables.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide 12 FAQs Can I source and use my own PoE adaptor with the 45 Mbps Backhaul? No. The 45 Mbps Backhaul uses a nonstandard PoE configuration. Failure to use the Motorola supplied Power Indoor Unit could result in equipment damage and will invalidate the safety certification and may cause a safety hazard. Why has Motorola launched the 45 Mbps Backhaul? The 45 Mbps Backhaul is the first product in this band to feature Multi-beam Space Time Coding.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide attacks. Over the air security is achieved through a proprietary scrambling mechanism that cannot be disabled, spoofed or snooped by commercial tools. If further security is required the user is now able to optionally augment the existing high security by encoding the air interface using AES. How is the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) enabled? The AES facility is enabled by the user obtaining a license key from Motorola.
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide 13 Glossary AES Advanced Encryption Standard NLOS non-Line-of-Sight ARP Address Resolution Protocol ODU Outdoor Unit ARQ Automatic Repeat reQuest OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying DC Direct Current PC IBM Compatible Personal Computer DFS Dynamic Frequency Selection PIDU Power Indoor Unit ETSI European Telecommunications PING Packet INternet Groper Standards Institute POE Power over Ethernet FAQ Frequently Asked Quest
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide 14 Index About This Guide........................................ 6 DFS Measurements ................................. 55 Aligning the ODUs.................................... 28 DFS Online Help ...................................... 62 Antenna Gain............................................ 97 Disable Front Page Animated GIF .......... 74 ARQ Is Not Configured ............................ 31 Disable Front Page Login ........................
45 Mbps Backhaul General Considerations ........................... 16 User Guide Master and Slave have Incompatible Region Codes.................................................... 31 Getting Started ........................................... 6 Master Slave Mode .................................. 46 Glossary.................................................. 108 Max Transmit Power ................................ 47 Grounding The Installation....................... 26 Maximum Transmit Power ...........
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Product Description.................................... 7 SNMP Community String......................... 68 Radio Certifications .................................. 85 SNMP Configuration .............................. 68 Range ....................................................... 36 SNMP MIBs.............................................. 67 Ranging Mode .......................................... 47 SNMP State........................................
45 Mbps Backhaul User Guide Systems Status Page............................... 32 Wan Good Rx Packets............................. 41 Target MAC Address................................ 46 Wan Good Tx Packets ............................. 41 Target Receive Modulation Mode ..... 34, 38 Web Page Reference............................... 30 Tools Required ......................................... 21 Welcome..................................................... 6 Transmit Data Rate ......................
