Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 NETGEAR, Inc.
© 2005 by NETGEAR, Inc. All rights reserved. March 2005. Trademarks NETGEAR is a trademark of Netgear, Inc. Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders. Statement of Conditions In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, NETGEAR reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice.
Voluntary Control Council for Interference (VCCI) Statement This equipment is in the second category (information equipment to be used in a residential area or an adjacent area thereto) and conforms to the standards set by the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Data Processing Equipment and Electronic Office Machines aimed at preventing radio interference in such residential areas. When used near a radio or TV receiver, it may become the cause of radio interference.
iv 202-10072-01, March 2005
Contents Chapter 1 About This Manual Audience, Scope, Conventions, and Formats ................................................................1-1 How to Use This Manual ................................................................................................1-2 How to Print this Manual .................................................................................................1-3 Chapter 2 Introduction Key Features ...............................................................................
How to Log On to the Wireless Router After Configuration Settings Have Been Applied ..............................................................3-6 How to Bypass the Configuration Assistant .............................................................3-8 How to Manually Configure Your Internet Connection ....................................................3-9 Using the Smart Setup Wizard .....................................................................................
Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Basic Functioning ...........................................................................................................7-1 Power Light Not On ..................................................................................................7-1 Lights Never Turn Off ...............................................................................................7-2 LAN or WAN Port Lights Not On ..............................................................................
Configuring Static Routes .............................................................................................8-17 Enabling Remote Management Access .......................................................................8-19 Using Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) ........................................................................8-20 Appendix A Technical Specifications Appendix B Network, Routing, Firewall, and Basics Related Publications .........................................................
Record Your Internet Connection Information ......................................................... C-3 Preparing Your Computers for TCP/IP Networking ....................................................... C-3 Configuring Windows 95, 98, and Me for TCP/IP Networking ....................................... C-4 Install or Verify Windows Networking Components ................................................. C-4 Enabling DHCP to Automatically Configure TCP/IP Settings in Windows 95B, 98, and Me ............
Key Size .................................................................................................................. D-6 WEP Configuration Options .................................................................................... D-7 Wireless Channels ......................................................................................................... D-7 WPA and WPA2 Wireless Security ................................................................................
Chapter 1 About This Manual This chapter describes the intended audience, scope, conventions, and formats of this manual. Audience, Scope, Conventions, and Formats This reference manual assumes that the reader has basic to intermediate computer and Internet skills. However, basic computer network, Internet, firewall, and VPN technologies tutorial information is provided in the Appendices and on the Netgear website. This guide uses the following typographical conventions: Table 1-1.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 How to Use This Manual The HTML version of this manual includes the following: • Buttons, at a time and , for browsing forwards or backwards through the manual one page • A button that displays the table of contents and an button. Double-click on a link in the table of contents or index to navigate directly to where the topic is described in the manual. • A product model. • Links to PDF versions of the full manual and individual chapters.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 How to Print this Manual To print this manual you can choose one of the following several options, according to your needs. • Printing a Page in the HTML View. Each page in the HTML version of the manual is dedicated to a major topic. Use the Print button on the browser toolbar to print the page contents. • Printing a Chapter. Use the PDF of This Chapter link at the top left of any page.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 1-4 About This Manual 202-10072-01, March 2005
Chapter 2 Introduction Congratulations on your purchase of the NETGEAR® RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824. The WPN824 router provides connection for multiple computers to the Internet through an external broadband access device (such as a cable modem or DSL modem) that is normally intended for use by a single computer. This chapter describes the features of the NETGEAR RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 • • • • • • Built in 4-port 10/100 Mbps Switch. Ethernet connection to a wide area network (WAN) device, such as a cable modem or DSL modem. Extensive Protocol Support. Login capability. Front panel LEDs for easy monitoring of status and activity. Flash memory for firmware upgrades. RangeMax™ Multi-In, Multi-Out (MIMO) Technology Netgear’s RangeMax Multi-In, Multi-Out (MIMO) technology provides ten times more coverage than standard 802.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 • WPA-PSK support. Support for Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) data encryption which provides strong data encryption and authentication based on a pre-shared key. • Wireless access can be restricted by MAC address. • Wireless network name broadcast can be turned off so that only devices that have the network name (SSID) can connect.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 • Port Forwarding with NAT Although NAT prevents Internet locations from directly accessing the computers on the LAN, the router allows you to direct incoming traffic to specific computers based on the service port number of the incoming request, or to one designated “DMZ” host computer. You can specify forwarding of single ports or ranges of ports.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 • PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE) PPPoE is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over a DSL connection by simulating a dial-up connection. This feature eliminates the need to run a login program such as Entersys or WinPOET on your computer. Easy Installation and Management You can install, configure, and operate the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 within minutes after connecting it to the network.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 NETGEAR Related Products NETGEAR products related to the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 are as follows: • • • RangeMax Wireless USB 2.0 Adapter (WPN111) RangeMax Wireless PCI Adapter (WPN311) RangeMax Wireless PC Card (WPN511) Package Contents The product package should contain the following items: • • • • • RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824. AC power adapter. Vertical stand. Category 5 (CAT5) Ethernet cable.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 You can use the status lights to verify connections. Viewed from left to right, the table below describes the lights on the front panel of the router. Table 2-1. Status Light Descriptions Label Activity Description Power On Green Solid Off Power is supplied and the router it has passed its diagnostic test. Power is not supplied to the router. Test On Off The unit is performing the power on self test diagnostic.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Viewed from left to right, the rear panel contains the following features: • • • • AC power adapter outlet for 12 V DC @ 1A output, 22W maximum Four Local (LAN) 10/100 Mbps Ethernet ports for connecting the router to the local computers Internet (WAN) Ethernet port for connecting the router to a cable or DSL modem Factory Default Reset push button for Restoring the Default Configuration and Password A Road Map for ‘How to Get There From Here’ The i
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Table 2-1. A Road Map for How to Get There From Here (continued) If I Want To? What Do I Do? What’s Needed? Protect my wireless connection from snooping, hacking, or information theft. 1. Assure that the wireless network has security features enabled. • A wireless network WEP or To learn about wireless WPA security enabled. networking security, see “Wireless Networking Basics” on • Wireless networking page D-1. equipment that supports 2.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 2-10 Introduction 202-10072-01, March 2005
Chapter 3 Connecting the Router to the Internet This chapter describes how to set up the router on your local area network (LAN) and connect to the Internet. You will find out how to configure your RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 for Internet access using the Setup Wizard, or how to manually configure your Internet connection. Follow these instructions to set up your router.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 First, Use the Smart Wizard to Configure the Wireless Router Insert the Resource CD in the CD drive of your PC. The following screen appears. Click Setup and follow the prompts.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Now, Set Up a Computer for Wireless Connectivity You are now connected to the Internet and the wireless feature of the wireless router is enabled! Next, configure your wireless computer. 1. CONFIGURE THE COMPUTER’S WIRELESS ADAPTER SETTINGS :LUHOHVV $GDSWHU LQ D 1RWHERRN &RPSXWHU Figure 3-2: Configure wireless computer NETGEAR, Inc.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Troubleshooting Tips Here are some tips for correcting simple problems you may have. Be sure to restart your network in this sequence: 1) Turn off the modem, wireless router, and computer; 2) Turn on the modem, wait two minutes; 3) Turn on the wireless router and wait 1 minute; 4) Turn on the computer. Make sure the Ethernet cables are securely plugged in.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Overview of How to Access the Wireless Router The table below describes how you access the wireless router, depending on the state of the wireless router. Table 3-1.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 How to Log On to the Wireless Router After Configuration Settings Have Been Applied 1. Connect to the wireless router by typing http://www.routerlogin.net in the address field of your browser, then click Enter. Figure 3-3: Login address 2. For security reasons, the router has its own user name and password. When prompted, enter admin for the router user name and password for the router password, both in lower case letters.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Figure 3-5: Login result: WPN824 home page The browser will then display the WPN824 settings home page. When the wireless router is connected to the Internet, click the Knowledge Base or the Documentation link under the Web Support menu to view support information or the documentation for the wireless router.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 If you do not click Logout, the wireless router will wait 5 minutes after there is no activity before it automatically logs you out. How to Bypass the Configuration Assistant 1. When the wireless router is in the factory default state, type http://www.routerlogin.net/basicsetting.htm in the address field of your browser, then click Enter. When the wireless router is in the factory default state, a user name and password are not required. 2.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 How to Manually Configure Your Internet Connection You can manually configure your router using the menu below, or you can allow the Setup Wizard to determine your configuration as described in the previous section. ISP Does Not Require Login ISP Does Require Login Figure 3-6: Browser-based configuration Basic Settings menus You can manually configure the router using the Basic Settings menu shown in Figure 3-6 using these steps: 1.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 2. For security reasons, the wireless router has its own user name and password. When prompted, enter admin for the router user name and password for the router password, both in lower case letters. 3. Click Basic Settings on the Setup menu. 4. If your Internet connection does not require a login, click No at the top of the Basic Settings menu and fill in the settings according to the instructions below.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Note: After you finish setting up your router, you will no longer need to launch the ISP’s login program on your computer in order to access the Internet. When you start an Internet application, your router will automatically log you in. a. Select your Internet service provider from the drop-down list. Figure 3-7: Basic Settings ISP list Note: Not all ISPs are listed here. The ones on this list have special requirements. b.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 2. For security reasons, the router has its own user name and password. When prompted, enter admin for the router user name and password for the router password, both in lower case letters. To change the password, see “Changing the Administrator Password” on page 6-9. Note: The router user name and password are not the same as any user name or password you may use to log in to your Internet connection.
Chapter 4 Wireless Configuration This chapter describes how to configure the wireless features of your WPN824 router. In planning your wireless network, you should consider the level of security required. You should also select the physical placement of your firewall in order to maximize the network speed. For further information on wireless networking, refer to Appendix D, “Wireless Networking Basics.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 When used on a metallic surface, MIMO units must be oriented vertically to ensure proper operation: Figure 4-1: Vertical orientation required on metallic surfaces Implement Appropriate Wireless Security Note: Indoors, computers can connect over 802.11b/g wireless networks at ranges of up to 300 feet. Such distances can allow for others outside of your immediate area to access your network.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Wireless Data Security Options Range: up to 300 foot radius 1) Open system: easy but no security WPN824 2) MAC access list: no data security 3) WEP: security but some performance impact 4) WPA-PSK: very strong security Figure 4-2: WPN824 wireless data security options There are several ways you can enhance the security of your wireless network. • • • • • Restrict Access Based on MAC address.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Understanding Wireless Settings To configure the Wireless settings of your firewall, click the Wireless link in the main menu of the browser interface. The Wireless Settings menu will appear, as shown below. Figure 4-3: Wireless Settings menu • Name (SSID). The SSID is also known as the wireless network name. Enter a value of up to 32 alphanumeric characters.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 • Mode. This field determines which data communications protocol will be used. You can select “g only,” “b only,” or “g and b.” “g only” dedicates the WPN824 to communicating with the higher bandwidth 802.11g wireless devices exclusively. “b only” dedicates the WPN824 to communicating with the higher bandwidth 802.11b wireless devices exclusively. The “g and b” mode provides backward compatibility with the slower 802.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 To configure the advanced wireless settings of your firewall, click the Wireless Setup link in the Advanced section of the main menu of the browser interface. The Wireless Settings menu will appear, as shown below. Figure 4-4: Advanced Wireless Settings menu • Allow Broadcast of Name (SSID). If you disable broadcast of the SSID, only devices that have the correct SSID can connect.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Information to Gather Before Changing Basic Wireless Settings Before customizing your wireless settings, print this form and record the following information. If you are working with an existing wireless network, the person who set up or is responsible for the network will be able to provide this information. Otherwise, you will choose the settings for your wireless network.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Default Factory Settings When you first receive your WPN824, the default factory settings are shown below. You can restore these defaults with the Factory Default Restore button on the rear panel. After you install the WPN824 router, use the procedures below to customize any of the settings to better meet your networking needs.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 2. Click Wireless Settings in the main menu of the WPN824 firewall. Figure 4-5: Wireless Settings menu 3. Choose a suitable descriptive name for the wireless network name (SSID). In the SSID box, enter a value of up to 32 alphanumeric characters. The default SSID is NETGEAR. Note: The SSID is case sensitive; NETGEAR is not the same as nETgear.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Note: If you are configuring the firewall from a wireless computer and you change the firewall’s SSID, channel, or security settings, you will lose your wireless connection when you click on Apply. You must then change the wireless settings of your computer to match the firewall’s new settings. 8. Configure and test your computers for wireless connectivity.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 4. Select the Authentication Type and Encryptions strength from the drop-down lists. Figure 4-6. Wireless Settings encryption menu You can manually or automatically program the four data encryption keys. These values must be identical on all computers and Access Points in your network. • Automatic - Enter a word or group of printable characters in the Passphrase box and click the Generate button.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 How to Configure WPA-PSK Wireless Security Note: Not all wireless adapters support WPA. Furthermore, client software is also required. Windows XP and Windows 2000 with service pack 3 do include WPA support. Nevertheless, the wireless adapter hardware and driver must also support WPA. For instructions on configuring wireless computers or PDAs for WPA-PSK security, consult the documentation for the product you are using.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 How to Restrict Wireless Access by MAC Address To restrict access based on MAC addresses, follow these steps: 1. Log in to the WPN824 firewall at its default LAN address of http://www.routerlogin.net with its default user name of admin and default password of password, or using whatever LAN address and password you have set up.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 4. Click Add to add a wireless device to the wireless access control list. The Available Wireless Cards list displays. 5. Click the Turn Access Control On check box. 6. Then, either select from the list of available wireless cards the WPN824 has found in your area, or enter the MAC address and device name for a device you plan to use. You can usually find the MAC address printed on the wireless adapter.
Chapter 5 Content Filtering This chapter describes how to use the content filtering features of the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 to protect your network. These features can be found by clicking on the Content Filtering heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface. Content Filtering Overview The RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 provides you with Web content filtering options, plus browsing activity reporting and instant alerts via e-mail.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Blocking Access to Internet Sites The WPN824 router allows you to restrict access based on Web addresses and Web address keywords. Up to 255 entries are supported in the Keyword list. The Block Sites menu is shown in Figure 5-1 below: Figure 5-1: Block Sites menu To enable keyword blocking, select either “Per Schedule” or “Always”, then click Apply. If you want to block by schedule, be sure that a time period is specified in the Schedule menu.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 • If the keyword “.com” is specified, only Web sites with other domain suffixes (such as .edu or .gov) can be viewed. • If you wish to block all Internet browsing access during a scheduled period, enter the keyword “.” and set the schedule in the Schedule menu. To specify a Trusted User, enter that PC’s IP address in the Trusted User box and click Apply.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 To specify a service for blocking, click Add. The Add Services menu will appear, as shown below: Figure 5-3: Add Services menu From the Service Type list, select the application or service to be allowed or blocked. The list already displays several common services, but you are not limited to these choices. To add any additional services or applications that do not already appear, select User Defined.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Configuring Services Blocking by IP Address Range Under “Filter Services For”, you can block the specified service for a single computer, a range of computers (having consecutive IP addresses), or all computers on your network. Scheduling When Blocking Will Be Enforced The WPN824 router allows you to specify when blocking will be enforced. The Schedule menu is shown below: Figure 5-4: Schedule menu • Use this schedule for blocking content.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Viewing Logs of Web Access or Attempted Web Access The log is a detailed record of what Web sites you have accessed or attempted to access. Up to 128 entries are stored in the log. Log entries will only appear when keyword blocking is enabled, and no log entries will be made for the Trusted User. An example is shown below: Figure 5-5: Logs menu Log entries are described in Table 5-1 Table 5-1.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Log action buttons are described in Table 5-2 Table 5-2. Log action buttons Field Description Refresh Click this button to refresh the log screen. Clear Log Click this button to clear the log entries. Send Log Click this button to E-mail the log immediately.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 • Turn e-mail notification on Check this box if you wish to receive e-mail logs and alerts from the router. • Your outgoing mail server Enter the name of your ISP’s outgoing (SMTP) mail server (such as mail.myISP.com). You may be able to find this information in the configuration menu of your e-mail program. If you leave this box blank, log and alert messages will not be sent via e-mail.
Chapter 6 Maintenance This chapter describes how to use the maintenance features of your RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824. These features can be found by clicking on the Maintenance heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface. Viewing Wireless Router Status Information The Router Status menu provides status and usage information. From the Main Menu of the browser interface, click on Maintenance, then select Router Status to view the System Status screen, shown below.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 This screen shows the following parameters: Table 6-1. Wireless Router Status Fields Field Description Account Name This field displays the Host Name assigned to the router. Firmware Version This field displays the router firmware version. Internet Port These parameters apply to the Internet (WAN) port of the router. MAC Address This field displays the Media Access Control address being used by the Internet (WAN) port of the router.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Table 6-1. Wireless Router Status Fields Field Description Wireless Port These parameters apply to the Wireless port of the router. MAC Address This field displays the Media Access Control address being used by the Wireless port of the router. Name (SSID) This field displays the wireless network name (SSID) being used by the wireless port of the router. The default is NETGEAR.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Table 6-2: Connection Status Items Item Description Default Gateway The WAN (Internet) default gateway the router communicates with. DHCP Server The IP address of the DHCP server which provided the IP configuration addresses. DNS Server The IP address of the DNS server which provides network name to IP address translation. Lease Obtained When the DHCP lease was obtained. Lease Expires When the DHCP lease was expires.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Table 6-3: Item Router Statistics Items Description Rx B/s The current reception (inbound) bandwidth used on the WAN and LAN ports. Up Time The amount of time since the router was last restarted. Up Time The time elapsed since this port acquired the link. Poll Interval Specifies the intervals at which the statistics are updated in this window. Click on Stop to freeze the display.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Configuration File Management The configuration settings of the WPN824 router are stored within the router in a configuration file. This file can be saved (backed up) to a user’s PC, retrieved (restored) from the user’s PC, or cleared to factory default settings. From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under the Maintenance heading, select the Settings Backup heading to bring up the menu shown below.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Erasing the Configuration It is sometimes desirable to restore the router to original default settings. This can be done by using the Erase function, which will restore all factory settings. After an erase, the router’s username will be admin, the password will be password, the LAN IP address will be 192.168.1.1, and the router's DHCP server will be enabled. To erase the configuration, click the Erase button.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 The routing software of the WPN824 router is stored in FLASH memory, and can be upgraded as new software is released by NETGEAR. Upgrade files can be downloaded from the NETGEAR Web site. If the upgrade file is compressed (.ZIP file), you must first extract the file before sending it to the router. The upgrade file can be sent to the router using your browser.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Changing the Administrator Password Note: Before changing the router password, use the router backup utility to save your configuration settings. If after changing the password, you forget the new password you assigned, you will have to reset the router back to the factory defaults to be able to log in using the default password of password. This means you will have to restore all the router configuration settings.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 6-10 Maintenance 202-10072-01, March 2005
Chapter 7 Troubleshooting This chapter gives information about troubleshooting your RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824. After each problem description, instructions are provided to help you diagnose and solve the problem. Basic Functioning After you turn on power to the router, the following sequence of events should occur: 1. When power is first applied, verify that the Power light 2. After approximately 10 seconds, verify that: is on. a. The power light is solid green. b.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Lights Never Turn Off When the router is turned on, the lights turns on for about 10 seconds and then turn off. If all the lights stay on, there is a fault within the router. If all lights are still on one minute after power up: • Cycle the power to see if the router recovers. • Clear the router’s configuration to factory defaults. This will set the router’s IP address to 192.168.1.1.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Troubleshooting the Web Configuration Interface If you are unable to access the router’s Web Configuration interface from a computer on your local network, check the following: • Check the Ethernet connection between the computer and the router as described in the previous section. • Make sure your computer’s IP address is on the same subnet as the router.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Troubleshooting the ISP Connection If your router is unable to access the Internet, you should first determine whether the router is able to obtain a WAN IP address from the ISP. Unless you have been assigned a static IP address, your router must request an IP address from the ISP. You can determine whether the request was successful using the Web Configuration Manager. To check the WAN IP address: 1.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Inform your ISP that you have bought a new network device, and ask them to use the router’s MAC address. OR Configure your router to spoof your computer’s MAC address. This can be done in the Basic Settings menu. Refer to “How to Bypass the Configuration Assistant” on page 3-8. If your router can obtain an IP address, but your computer is unable to load any Web pages from the Internet: • Your computer may not recognize any DNS server addresses.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 3. Click on OK. You should see a message like this one: Pinging with 32 bytes of data If the path is working, you see this message: Reply from < IP address >: bytes=32 time=NN ms TTL=xxx If the path is not working, you see this message: Request timed out If the path is not functioning correctly, you could have one of the following problems: • Wrong physical connections — Make sure the LAN port LED is on.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 — Check to see that the network address of your computer (the portion of the IP address specified by the netmask) is different from the network address of the remote device. — Check that your cable or DSL modem is connected and functioning. — If your ISP assigned a host name to your computer, enter that host name as the Account Name in the Basic Settings menu. — Your ISP could be rejecting the Ethernet MAC addresses of all but one of your computers.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Problems with Date and Time The E-Mail menu in the Content Filtering section displays the current date and time of day. The WPN824 router uses the Network Time Protocol (NTP) to obtain the current time from one of several Network Time Servers on the Internet. Each entry in the log is stamped with the date and time of day. Problems with the date and time function can include: • Date shown is January 1, 2000.
Chapter 8 Advanced Configuration of the Router This chapter describes how to configure the advanced features of your RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824. These features can be found under the Advanced heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface. . Note: If you are unfamiliar with networking and routing, refer to Appendix B, “Network, Routing, Firewall, and Basics,” to become more familiar with the terms and procedures used in this chapter.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Warning: The Wireless Router is already configured with the optimum settings. Do not alter these settings unless directed by NETGEAR support. Incorrect settings may disable the Wireless Router unexpectedly. Program the advanced wireless settings as follows: • Enable Wireless Router Radio—The Wireless Access Point Router of this router can be enabled or disabled to allow wireless access.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Wireless Card Access List The Wireless Card Access Setup page displays a list of wireless PCs that will be allowed to connect to the router based on their MAC addresses. These wireless PCs must also have the correct SSID and WEP settings configured on the Wireless Settings page to access the wireless network.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 d. When you have finished entering the MAC address, return to the Wireless Access List menu by clicking the Add button. Note: Repeat steps a - d for each wireless PC. e. Click the Turn Access Control On box to enable Access Control. f. Click the Apply button to save changes and return to the Wireless Settings page.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Note: The MAC address is a twelve character key containing the characters 0-9, A-F only and separated by colons (e.g., 00:09:AB:CD:EF:01) that can usually be found on the bottom of the wireless device. Configuring Port Triggering and Port Forwarding Port Triggering is an advanced feature that can be used to easily enable gaming and other internet applications.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Figure 8-4: Port Triggering Menu Note: If Disable Port Triggering box is checked after configuring port triggering, port triggering will be disabled but any port triggering configuration information you added to the router will be retained even though it will not be used. • Port Triggering Timeout—Enter a value up to 9999 minutes. The Port Triggering Timeout value controls the inactivity timer for the designated inbound port(s).
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Follow these steps to set up a computer to play Internet games or use Internet applications: 1. Click Add. Figure 8-5: Add Port Trigger Menu 2. Enter a service name in the Service Name box. 3. Under Service User, selecting Any (default) will allow this service to be used by everyone in your network. Otherwise, select Single address and enter the IP address of one computer to restrict the service to a particular computer. 4.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Configuring Port Forwarding to Local Servers Although the router causes your entire local network to appear as a single machine to the Internet, you can make a local server (for example, a Web server or game server) visible and available to the Internet. This is done using the Port Forwarding menu. From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under Advanced, click on Port Forwarding to view the port forwarding menu, shown below.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 1. From the Service & Game box, select the service or game that you will host on your network. If the service does not appear in the list, refer to the following section, “Adding a Custom Service”. 2. Enter the IP address of the local server in the corresponding Server IP Address box. 3. Click the Add button.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Editing or Deleting a Port Forwarding Entry To edit or delete a Port Forwarding entry, follow these steps. 1. In the table, select the button next to the service name. 2. Click Edit or Delete. Local Web and FTP Server Example If a local computer with a private IP address of 192.168.1.33 acts as a Web and FTP server, configure the Ports menu to forward HTTP (port 80) and FTP (port 21) to local address 192.168.1.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 4. Type the same port number in the End Port box that you typed in the Start Port box. 5. Type the IP address of the additional computer in the Server IP Address box. 6. Click Apply. Some online games and videoconferencing applications are incompatible with NAT. The WPN824 router is programmed to recognize some of these applications and to work properly with them, but there are other applications that may not function well.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 If disabled, you must connect manually, using the “Connection Status” button on the Router Status screen. This manual connection will stay up all the time without time outs. Disabling the SPI Firewall The SPI (Stateful Inspection) Firewall protects your LAN against Denial of Service attacks. This should only be disabled in special circumstances.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Setting the MTU Size The normal MTU (Maximum Transmit Unit) value for most Ethernet networks is 1500 Bytes, 1492 Bytes for PPPoE connections, or 1436 for PPTP connections. For some ISPs you may need to reduce the MTU. But this is rarely required, and should not be done unless you are sure it is necessary for your ISP connection.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Configuring LAN TCP/IP Setup Parameters The router is shipped preconfigured to use private IP addresses on the LAN side, and to act.as a DHCP server. The router’s default LAN IP configuration is: • • LAN IP addresses—192.168.1.1 Subnet mask—255.255.255.0 These addresses are part of the IETF-designated private address range for use in private networks, and should be suitable in most applications.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Note: If you change the LAN IP address of the router while connected through the browser, you will be disconnected. You must then open a new connection to the new IP address and log in again. Using the Router as a DHCP server By default, the router will function as a DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server, allowing it to assign IP, DNS server, and default gateway addresses to all computers connected to the router's LAN.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Using Address Reservation When you specify a reserved IP address for a computer on the LAN, that computer will always receive the same IP address each time it access the router’s DHCP server. Reserved IP addresses should be assigned to servers that require permanent IP settings. To reserve an IP address: 1. Click the Add button. 2. In the IP Address box, type the IP address to assign to the computer or server.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 The router contains a client that can connect to many popular dynamic DNS services. You can select one of these services and obtain an account with them. Then, whenever your ISP-assigned IP address changes, your router will automatically contact your dynamic DNS service provider, log in to your account, and register your new IP address. From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under Advanced, click on Dynamic DNS. To configure Dynamic DNS: 1.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Figure 8-10: Static Route Summary Table To add or edit a Static Route: 1. Click the Add button to open the Add/Edit Menu, shown below. Figure 8-11. Static Route Entry and Edit Menu 2. Type a route name for this static route in the Route Name box under the table. (This is for identification purposes only.) 3. Select Private if you want to limit access to the LAN only. The static route will not be reported in RIP. 4.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 8. Type a number between 1 and 15 as the Metric value. This represents the number of routers between your network and the destination. Usually, a setting of 2 or 3 works, but if this is a direct connection, set it to 1. 9. Click Apply to have the static route entered into the table. As an example of when a static route is needed, consider the following case: • Your primary Internet access is through a cable modem to an ISP.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Note: Be sure to change the router's default configuration password to a very secure password. The ideal password should contain no dictionary words from any language, and should be a mixture of letters (both upper and lower case), numbers, and symbols. Your password can be up to 30 characters. To configure your router for Remote Management: 1. Select the Turn Remote Management On check box. 2.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Figure 8-12. UPnP Menu From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under Advanced, click on UPnP. Set up UPnP according to the guidelines below. Turn UPnP On: UPnP can be enabled or disabled for automatic device configuration. The default setting for UPnP is enabled. If disabled, the router will not allow any device to automatically control the resources, such as port forwarding (mapping), of the router.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 UPnP Portmap Table: The UPnP Portmap Table displays the IP address of each UPnP device that is currently accessing the router and which ports (Internal and External) that device has opened. The UPnP Portmap Table also displays what type of port is opened and if that port is still active for each IP address.
Appendix A Technical Specifications This appendix provides technical specifications for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Wireless Radio Data Rates 1, 2, 5.5, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 54, and 108 Mbps Auto Rate Sensing Frequency 2.4-2.5Ghz Data Encoding: 802.11b: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) 802.11g: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) Maximum Computers Per Wireless Network: Limited by the amount of wireless network traffic generated by each node. Typically 30-70 nodes. Operating Frequency Ranges: 2.412~2.462 GHz (US) 2.457~2.
Appendix B Network, Routing, Firewall, and Basics This chapter provides an overview of IP networks, routing, and networking. Related Publications As you read this document, you may be directed to various RFC documents for further information. An RFC is a Request For Comment (RFC) published by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), an open organization that defines the architecture and operation of the Internet.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Routing Information Protocol One of the protocols used by a router to build and maintain a picture of the network is the Routing Information Protocol (RIP). Using RIP, routers periodically update one another and check for changes to add to the routing table. The WPN824 router supports both the older RIP-1 and the newer RIP-2 protocols. Among other improvements, RIP-2 supports subnet and multicast protocols.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Class A Network Node Class B Network Node Class C Network Node 7261 Figure B-1: Three Main Address Classes The five address classes are: • Class A Class A addresses can have up to 16,777,214 hosts on a single network. They use an eight-bit network number and a 24-bit node number. Class A addresses are in this range: 1.x.x.x to 126.x.x.x. • Class B Class B addresses can have up to 65,354 hosts on a network.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 This addressing structure allows IP addresses to uniquely identify each physical network and each node on each physical network. For each unique value of the network portion of the address, the base address of the range (host address of all zeros) is known as the network address and is not usually assigned to a host.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Subnet addressing allows us to split one IP network address into smaller multiple physical networks known as subnetworks. Some of the node numbers are used as a subnet number instead. A Class B address gives us 16 bits of node numbers translating to 64,000 nodes. Most organizations do not use 64,000 nodes, so there are free bits that can be reassigned. Subnet addressing makes use of those bits that are free, as shown below.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 The following table lists the additional subnet mask bits in dotted-decimal notation. To use the table, write down the original class netmask and replace the 0 value octets with the dotted-decimal value of the additional subnet bits. For example, to partition your Class C network with subnet mask 255.255.255.0 into 16 subnets (4 bits), the new subnet mask becomes 255.255.255.240. Table 8-1.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 • So that hosts recognize local IP broadcast packets When a device broadcasts to its segment neighbors, it uses a destination address of the local network address with all ones for the host address. In order for this scheme to work, all devices on the segment must agree on which bits comprise the host address.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 The following figure illustrates a single IP address operation. Private IP addresses assigned by user IP addresses assigned by ISP 192.168.0.2 192.168.0.3 192.168.0.1 172.21.15.105 Internet 192.168.0.4 192.168.0.5 7786EA Figure B-3: Single IP Address Operation Using NAT This scheme offers the additional benefit of firewall-like protection because the internal LAN addresses are not available to the Internet through the translated connection.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 If a device sends data to another station on the network and the destination MAC address is not yet recorded, ARP is used. An ARP request is broadcast onto the network. All stations on the network receive and read the request. The destination IP address for the chosen station is included as part of the message so that only the station with this IP address responds to the ARP request. All other stations discard the request.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 IP Configuration by DHCP When an IP-based local area network is installed, each computer must be configured with an IP address. If the computers need to access the Internet, they should also be configured with a gateway address and one or more DNS server addresses. As an alternative to manual configuration, there is a method by which each computer on the network can automatically obtain this configuration information.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Stateful Packet Inspection Unlike simple Internet sharing routers, a firewall uses a process called stateful packet inspection to ensure secure firewall filtering to protect your network from attacks and intrusions. Since user-level applications such as FTP and Web browsers can create complex patterns of network traffic, it is necessary for the firewall to analyze groups of network connection states.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Table B-1. UTP Ethernet cable wiring, straight-through Pin Wire color Signal 1 Orange/White Transmit (Tx) + 2 Orange Transmit (Tx) - 3 Green/White Receive (Rx) + 4 Blue 5 Blue/White 6 Green 7 Brown/White 8 Brown Receive (Rx) - Category 5 Cable Quality Category 5 distributed cable that meets ANSI/EIA/TIA-568-A building wiring standards can be a maximum of 328 feet (ft.) or 100 meters (m) in length, divided as follows: 20 ft.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Inside Twisted Pair Cables For two devices to communicate, the transmitter of each device must be connected to the receiver of the other device. The crossover function is usually implemented internally as part of the circuitry in the device. Computers and workstation adapter cards are usually media-dependent interface ports, called MDI or uplink ports.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Figure B-6: Category 5 UTP Cable with Male RJ-45 Plug at Each End Note: Flat “silver satin” telephone cable may have the same RJ-45 plug. However, using telephone cable results in excessive collisions, causing the attached port to be partitioned or disconnected from the network.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 The WPN824 router incorporates Auto UplinkTM technology (also called MDI/MDIX). Each LOCAL Ethernet port will automatically sense whether the Ethernet cable plugged into the port should have a normal connection (e.g. connecting to a computer) or an uplink connection (e.g. connecting to a router, switch, or hub). That port will then configure itself to the correct configuration.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 B-16 Network, Routing, Firewall, and Basics 202-10072-01, March 2005
Appendix C Preparing Your Network This appendix describes how to prepare your network to connect to the Internet through the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 and how to verify the readiness of broadband Internet service from an Internet service provider (ISP).
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 For the initial setup of your router, you will need to connect a computer to the router. This computer has to be set to automatically get its TCP/IP configuration from the router via DHCP. Note: For help with DHCP configuration, please use the Windows TCP/IP Configuration Tutorials on the NETGEAR RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Resource CD, or in this appendix.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Record Your Internet Connection Information Print this page. Fill in the configuration parameters from your Internet Service Provider (ISP). ISP Login Name: The login name and password are case sensitive and must be entered exactly as given by your ISP. Some ISPs use your full e-mail address as the login name. The Service Name is not required by all ISPs.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Most operating systems include the software components you need for networking with TCP/IP: • Windows® 95 or later includes the software components for establishing a TCP/IP network. • Windows 3.1 does not include a TCP/IP component. You need to purchase a third-party TCP/ IP application package such as NetManage Chameleon. • Macintosh Operating System 7 or later includes the software components for establishing a TCP/IP network.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 2. Double-click the Network icon. The Network window opens, which displays a list of installed components: You must have an Ethernet adapter, the TCP/IP protocol, and Client for Microsoft Networks. Note: It is not necessary to remove any other network components shown in the Network window in order to install the adapter, TCP/IP, or Client for Microsoft Networks. If you need to install a new adapter, follow these steps: a. Click the Add button.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 c. Select Microsoft. d. Select TCP/IP, and then click OK. If you need Client for Microsoft Networks: 3. a. Click the Add button. b. Select Client, and then click Add. c. Select Microsoft. d. Select Client for Microsoft Networks, and then click OK. Restart your PC for the changes to take effect.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Locate your Network Neighborhood icon. • If the Network Neighborhood icon is on the Windows desktop, position your mouse pointer over it and right-click your mouse button. • If the icon is not on the desktop, • Click Start on the task bar located at the bottom left of the window. • Choose Settings, and then Control Panel. • Locate the Network Neighborhood icon and click on it. This will open the Network panel as shown below.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 • By default, the IP Address tab is open on this window. • Verify the following: Obtain an IP address automatically is selected. If not selected, click in the radio button to the left of it to select it. This setting is required to enable the DHCP server to automatically assign an IP address. • Click OK to continue. Restart the PC. Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 2. Type winipcfg, and then click OK. The IP Configuration window opens, which lists (among other things), your IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway. 3. From the drop-down box, select your Ethernet adapter. The window is updated to show your settings, which should match the values below if you are using the default TCP/IP settings that NETGEAR recommends for connecting through a router or gateway: • The IP address is between 192.168.1.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows XP, 2000, or NT4 You will find there are many similarities in the procedures for different Windows systems when using DHCP to configure TCP/IP. The following steps will walk you through the configuration process for each of these versions of Windows. DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows XP Locate your Network Neighborhood icon. • Select Control Panel from the Windows XP new Start Menu.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 • Now you should be at the Local Area Network Connection Status window. This box displays the connection status, duration, speed, and activity statistics. • Administrator logon access rights are needed to use this window. • Click the Properties button to view details about the connection. • The TCP/IP details are presented on the Support tab page. • Select Internet Protocol, and click Properties to view the configuration information.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 • Verify that the Obtain an IP address automatically radio button is selected. • Verify that Obtain DNS server address automatically radio button is selected. • Click the OK button. This completes the DHCP configuration of TCP/ IP in Windows XP. Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 • Click on the My Network Places icon on the Windows desktop. This will bring up a window called Network and Dial-up Connections. • Right click on Local Area Connection and select Properties. • The Local Area Connection Properties dialog box appears. • Verify that you have the correct Ethernet card selected in the Connect using: box.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 • With Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) selected, click on Properties to open the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties dialogue box. • Verify that • Obtain an IP address automatically is selected. • Obtain DNS server address automatically is selected. • Click OK to return to Local Area Connection Properties. • Click OK again to complete the configuration process for Windows 2000. Restart the PC.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows NT4 Once you have installed the network card, you need to configure the TCP/IP environment for Windows NT 4.0. Follow this procedure to configure TCP/IP with DHCP in Windows NT 4.0. • Choose Settings from the Start Menu, and then select Control Panel. This will display Control Panel window. • Double-click the Network icon in the Control Panel window. The Network panel will display.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 • Highlight the TCP/IP Protocol in the Network Protocols box, and click on the Properties button.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 • The TCP/IP Properties dialog box now displays. • Click the IP Address tab. • Select the radio button marked Obtain an IP address from a DHCP server. • Click OK. This completes the configuration of TCP/IP in Windows NT. Restart the PC. Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network. Verifying TCP/IP Properties for Windows XP, 2000, and NT4 To check your PC’s TCP/IP configuration: 1.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 • 4. The default gateway is 192.168.1.1 Type exit Configuring the Macintosh for TCP/IP Networking Beginning with Macintosh Operating System 7, TCP/IP is already installed on the Macintosh. On each networked Macintosh, you will need to configure TCP/IP to use DHCP. MacOS 8.6 or 9.x 1. From the Apple menu, select Control Panels, then TCP/IP. The TCP/IP Control Panel opens: 2.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 2. If not already selected, select Built-in Ethernet in the Configure list. 3. If not already selected, Select Using DHCP in the TCP/IP tab. 4. Click Save. Verifying TCP/IP Properties for Macintosh Computers After your Macintosh is configured and has rebooted, you can check the TCP/IP configuration by returning to the TCP/IP Control Panel. From the Apple menu, select Control Panels, then TCP/IP.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Verifying the Readiness of Your Internet Account For broadband access to the Internet, you need to contract with an Internet service provider (ISP) for a single-user Internet access account using a cable modem or DSL modem. This modem must be a separate physical box (not a card) and must provide an Ethernet port intended for connection to a Network Interface Card (NIC) in a computer. Your firewall does not support a USB-connected broadband modem.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 • An IP address and subnet mask • A gateway IP address, which is the address of the ISP’s router • One or more domain name server (DNS) IP addresses • Host name and domain suffix For example, your account’s full server names may look like this: mail.xxx.yyy.com In this example, the domain suffix is xxx.yyy.com. If any of these items are dynamically supplied by the ISP, your firewall automatically acquires them.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 If an IP address appears under Installed Gateways, write down the address. This is the ISP’s gateway address. Select the address and then click Remove to remove the gateway address. 6. Select the DNS Configuration tab. If any DNS server addresses are shown, write down the addresses. If any information appears in the Host or Domain information box, write it down. Click Disable DNS. 7.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Restarting the Network Once you’ve set up your computers to work with the firewall, you must reset the network for the devices to be able to communicate correctly. Restart any computer that is connected to the firewall. After configuring all of your computers for TCP/IP networking and restarting them, and connecting them to the local network of your WPN824 router, you are ready to access and configure the firewall.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 C-24 Preparing Your Network 202-10072-01, March 2005
Appendix D Wireless Networking Basics This chapter provides an overview of Wireless networking. Wireless Networking Overview The WPN824 router conforms to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11b and 802.11g standards for wireless LANs (WLANs). On an 802.11b or g wireless link, data is encoded using direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DSSS) technology and is transmitted in the unlicensed radio spectrum at 2.5GHz. The maximum data rate for the 802.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Ad Hoc Mode (Peer-to-Peer Workgroup) In an ad hoc network, computers are brought together as needed; thus, there is no structure or fixed points to the network - each node can generally communicate with any other node. There is no Access Point involved in this configuration.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 • Shared Key. With Shared Key authentication, only those PCs that possess the correct authentication key can join the network. By default, IEEE 802.11 wireless devices operate in an Open System network. Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) data encryption is used when the wireless devices are configured to operate in Shared Key authentication mode. 802.11 Authentication The 802.11 standard defines several services that govern how two 802.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 2. The access point authenticates the station. 3. The station associates with the access point and joins the network. This process is illustrated below. 802.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 This process is illustrated below. 802.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Key Size The IEEE 802.11 standard supports two types of WEP encryption: 40-bit and 128-bit. The 64-bit WEP data encryption method allows for a five-character (40-bit) input. Additionally, 24 factory-set bits are added to the forty-bit input to generate a 64-bit encryption key. The 24 factory-set bits are not user-configurable). This encryption key will be used to encrypt/decrypt all data transmitted via the wireless interface.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 WEP Configuration Options The WEP settings must match on all 802.11 devices that are within the same wireless network as identified by the SSID. In general, if your mobile clients will roam between access points, then all of the 802.11 access points and all of the 802.11 client adapters on the network must have the same WEP settings. Note: Whatever keys you enter for an AP, you must also enter the same keys for the client adapter in the same order.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Table D-4: Channel 802.11b/g Radio Frequency Channels Center Frequency Frequency Spread 4 2427 MHz 2414.5 MHz - 2439.5 MHz 5 2432 MHz 2419.5 MHz - 2444.5 MHz 6 2437 MHz 2424.5 MHz - 2449.5 MHz 7 2442 MHz 2429.5 MHz - 2454.5 MHz 8 2447 MHz 2434.5 MHz - 2459.5 MHz 9 2452 MHz 2439.5 MHz - 2464.5 MHz 10 2457 MHz 2444.5 MHz - 2469.5 MHz 11 2462 MHz 2449.5 MHz - 2474.5 MHz 12 2467 MHz 2454.5 MHz - 2479.5 MHz 13 2472 MHz 2459.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 WPA and WPA2 offer the following benefits: • • • • Enhanced data privacy Robust key management Data origin authentication Data integrity protection The Wi-Fi Alliance is now performing interoperability certification testing on Wi-Fi Protected Access products. Starting August of 2003, all new Wi-Fi certified products have to support WPA. NETGEAR is implementing WPA and WPA2 on client and access point products. The 802.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 How Does WPA Compare to WPA2 (IEEE 802.11i)? WPA is forward compatible with the WPA2 security specification. WPA is a subset of WPA2 and used certain pieces of the early 802.11i draft, such as 802.1x and TKIP. The main pieces of WPA2 that are not included in WPA are secure IBSS (Ad-Hoc mode), secure fast handoff (for specialized 802.11 VoIP phones), as well as enhanced encryption protocols, such as AES-CCMP.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 The primary information conveyed in the Beacon frames is the authentication method and the cipher suite. Possible authentication methods include 802.1X and Pre-shared key. Pre-shared key is an authentication method that uses a statically configured pass phrase on both the stations and the access point. This obviates the need for an authentication server, which in many home and small office environments will not be available nor desirable.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 WPA/WPA2 Authentication: Enterprise-level User Authentication via 802.1x/EAP and RADIUS Wired Network with Optional 802.1x Port Based Network Access Control Wireless LAN WPA/WPA2 enabled wireless client with “supplicant” WPA/WPA2 enabled Access Point using pre-shared key or 802.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Client with a WPA/ WPA2-enabled wireless adapter and supplicant (Win XP, Funk, Meetinghouse) For example, a WPA/WPA2-enabled AP For example, a RADIUS server Controlled Port Figure D-4: 802.1x Authentication Sequence The AP sends Beacon Frames with WPA/WPA2 information element to the stations in the service set. Information elements include the required authentication method (802.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 3. The client sends an EAP-response packet containing the identity to the authentication server. The access point responds by enabling a port for passing only EAP packets from the client to an authentication server located on the wired side of the access point. The access point blocks all other traffic, such as HTTP, DHCP, and POP3 packets, until the access point can verify the client's identity using an authentication server (for example, RADIUS).
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) WPA uses TKIP to provide important data encryption enhancements including a per-packet key mixing function, a message integrity check (MIC) named Michael, an extended initialization vector (IV) with sequencing rules, and a re-keying mechanism. TKIP also provides for the following: • • • The verification of the security configuration after the encryption keys are determined.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Is WPA/WPA2 Perfect? WPA/WPA2 is not without its vulnerabilities. Specifically, it is susceptible to denial of service (DoS) attacks. If the access point receives two data packets that fail the message integrity code (MIC) within 60 seconds of each other, then the network is under an active attack, and as a result, the access point employs counter measures, which include disassociating each station using the access point.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Changes to Wireless Access Points Wireless access points must have their firmware updated to support the following: • • • • • The new WPA/WPA2 information element To advertise their support of WPA/WPA2, wireless APs send the beacon frame with a new 802.11 WPA/WPA2 information element that contains the wireless AP's security configuration (encryption algorithms and wireless security configuration information).
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Microsoft has worked with many wireless vendors to embed the WPA driver update in the wireless adapter driver. So, to update your Microsoft Windows wireless client, all you have to do is obtain the new WPA/WPA2-compatible driver and install the driver.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Glossary Use the list below to find definitions for technical terms used in this manual. 802.11 Standard 802.11, or IEEE 802.11, is a type of radio technology used for wireless local area networks (WLANs). It is a standard that has been developed by the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers), http://standards.ieee.org.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 The purpose of 11d is to add features and restrictions to allow WLANs to operate within the rules of these countries. Equipment manufacturers do not want to produce a wide variety of country-specific products and users that travel do not want a bag full of country-specific WLAN PC cards. The outcome will be country-specific firmware solutions. 802.11e Standard 802.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Access Point (AP) A wireless LAN transceiver or "base station" that can connect a wired LAN to one or many wireless devices. Access points can also bridge to each other. There are various types of access points, also referred to as base stations, used in both wireless and wired networks. These include bridges, hubs, switches, routers and gateways.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 for cables or wires. Bluetooth is a frequency-hopping technology in the 2.4 GHz frequency spectrum, with a range of 30 feet and up to 11Mbps raw data throughput. Bridge A product that connects a local area network (LAN) to another local area network that uses the same protocol (for example, wireless, Ethernet or token ring). Wireless bridges are commonly used to link buildings in campuses.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Action/Collision Detection) A method of managing traffic and reducing noise on an Ethernet network. A network device transmits data after detecting that a channel is available. However, if two devices transmit data simultaneously, the sending devices detect a collision and retransmit after a random time delay.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 ESSID (more commonly referred to as SSID – Short Set Identifier) The identifying name of an 802.11 wireless network. When you specify your correct ESSID in your client setup you ensure that you connect to your wireless network rather than another network in range. (See SSID.) The ESSID can be called by different terms, such as Network Name, Preferred Network, SSID or Wireless LAN Service Area.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) A membership organization (www.ieee.org) that includes engineers, scientists and students in electronics and allied fields. It has more than 300,000 members and is involved with setting standards for computers and communications. IEEE 802.11 A set of specifications for LANs from The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). Most wired networks conform to 802.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 MAC (Media Access Control) Every wireless 802.11 device has its own specific MAC address hard-coded into it. This unique identifier can be used to provide security for wireless networks. When a network uses a MAC table, only the 802.11 radios that have had their MAC addresses added to that network's MAC table will be able to get onto the network.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 NIC (Network Interface Card) A type of PC adapter card that either works without wires (Wi-Fi) or attaches to a network cable to provide two-way communication between the computer and network devices such as a hub or switch. Most office wired NICs operate at 10 Mbps (Ethernet), 100 Mbps (Fast Ethernet) or 10/100 Mbps dual speed. High-speed Gigabit and 10 Gigabit NIC cards are also available. See PC Card.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Range The distance away from your access point that your wireless network can reach. Most Wi-Fi systems will provide a range of a hundred feet or more. Depending on the environment and the type of antenna used, Wi-Fi signals can have a range of up to mile Residential gateway A wireless device that connects multiple PCs, peripherals and the Internet on a home network. Most Wi-Fi residential gateways provide DHCP and NAT as well.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Site survey The process whereby a wireless network installer inspects a location prior to putting in a wireless network. Site surveys are used to identify the radio- and client-use properties of a facility so that access points can be optimally placed. SSID (also called ESSID) A 32-character unique identifier attached to the header of packets sent over a WLAN that acts as a password when a mobile device tries to connect to the BSS.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 TCP/IP The underlying technology behind the Internet and communications between computers in a network. The first part, TCP, is the transport part, which matches the size of the messages on either end and guarantees that the correct message has been received. The IP part is the user's computer address on a network. Every computer in a TCP/IP network has its own IP address that is either dynamically assigned at startup or permanently assigned.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 As a recent development, the debate over the legality of warchalking is still going on. The practice stems from the U.S. Depression-era culture of wandering hobos who would make marks outside of homes to indicate to other wanderers whether the home was receptive to drifters or was inhospitable. War Driving War driving is the act of locating and possibly exploiting connections to wireless local area networks while driving around a city or elsewhere.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 does not offer. With this feature, WPA provides roughly comparable security to VPN tunneling with WEP, with the benefit of easier administration and use. This is similar to 802.1x support and requires a RADIUS server in order to implement. The Wi-Fi Alliance will call this, 'WPA-Enterprise.' One variation of WPA is called WPA Pre Shared Key or WPA-PSK for short - this provides an authentication alternative to an expensive RADIUS server.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 secure transmission and authentication is particularly important to users unknown to each other. The authentication capability defined in the specification enables a secure access control mechanism for the service providers and for mobile users not utilizing VPN connections. Wi-Fi Protected Access in "Mixed Mode" Deployment In a large network with many clients, a likely scenario is that access points will be upgraded before all the Wi-Fi clients.
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Glossary 16 202-10072-01, March 2005