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Revised 2/5/2013
THERMOPLASTIC PIPING MATERIALS
Plastic Piping Standards
Many commercial, industrial, and governmental standards or
specifications are available to assist the design engineer in
specifying plastic piping systems. Standards most frequently
specified in plastic piping systems are American Society for
Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standards. Below is a list and
description of those standards most typically applied to indus-
trial plastic piping.
ASTM Standard D 1784
This standard covers PVC and CPVC compounds used in the
manufacture of plastic pipe, valves, and fittings. It provides a
means for selecting and identifying compounds on the basis of
a number of physical and chemical criteria. Conformance to a
particular material classification in this standard requires meet-
ing a number of minimum physical and chemical properties.
ASTM Standards D 2665 and D 3311
These standards provide the material and test requirements as
well as the fitting geometries for PVC-DWV (drain, waste and
vent) fittings. These fittings are joined by threading or solvent
cementing.
ASTM Standard D 2466
This standard covers Schedule 40 PVC threaded and socket
pressure fittings. Included in the standard are thread and socket
specifications, lay length, wall thickness, burst, material, qual-
ity, and identification requirements.
ASTM Standard D 2467
This standard covers Schedule 80 PVC threaded and socket
fittings. Included in the standard are thread and socket specifi-
cations, lay length, wall thickness, burst, material, quality, and
identification requirements.
ASTM Standard D 2846
This standard covers plastic hot and cold-water distribution
system components made in one standard dimension ratio. This
includes a series of CTS (copper tube size) CPVC fittings meant
for use with SDR 11 tube and plastic-to-metal transition fittings.
ASTM Standard D 3965
This standard covers ABS compounds used in the manufacture
of pipe and fittings. It identifies the chemical and physical prop-
erties of several ABS compositions based upon impact strength,
deflection temperature under load, and tensile stress at yield
point. These properties identify the polymers or blends of poly-
mers that make up this rigid thermoplastic material.
ASTM Standards D 2661 and D 3311
These standards cover ABS-DWV (drain, waste and vent) by
material and by physical configuration. These products are
threaded or joined by solvent cement.
ASTM Standard F 1498
ASTM Test Properties Material
Methods ABS PVC CPVC
3-2-2-2-2 12454 23447
General Specific Gravity 1.00 - 1.08 1.38 1.55
D 792
D 570 Water Absorption % 0.3 0.05 0.05
24 Hrs. @ 73°F
Mechanical Tensile Strength 4,500 7,000 7,000
D 638 psi @ 73°F
Modulus of
D 638 Elasticity in Tension 2.4 4.0 3.6
psi @ 73°F x 10
5
D 790 Flexural Strength psi 10,000 14,500 15,600
D 256 Izod Impact Strength 4.0 0.65 1.5
@ 73°F (Notched)
Thermal Coefficient of 5.0 3.0 3.8
D 696 Thermal Expansion
in/in/°Fx10
-5
C 177 Thermal Conductivity 1.35 1.2 0.95
BTU/HR/Sq. Ft./°F/in
D 648 Heat Distortion 219 165 238
Temp. °F @ 66 psi
D 648 Heat Distortion 180 158 212
Temp. °F @ 264 psi
Resistance to Heat 180 140 210
°F at Continuous
Drainage
Flammability Limiting Oxygen 19 43 60
D 2863 Index (%)
E 84 Flame Spread 150-250 15-20 15
Underwriter’s 94HB 94V-0 94V-0
Lab Rating
(Sub. 94)
Material Selection
Plastic Piping Standards