Owner`s manual
made the change you want, you set the parameter number to 7F 7FH (an ÒunsetÓ or ÒnullÓ
setting). The final (B3) 64 7F (B3) 65 7F is for this purpose.
It is not a good idea to store many events within the data of a song (e.g., a Standard MIDI
File song) using running status as shown in <Example 4>. When the song is paused, fast-
forwarded or rewound, the sequencer may not be able to transmit the proper status, caus-
ing the sound source to misinterpret the data. It is best to attach the proper status byte to
all events.
It is also important to transmit RPN or NRPN parameter number settings and parameter
values in the correct order. In some sequencers, data events recorded in the same clock (or
a nearby clock) can sometimes be transmitted in an order other than the order in which
they were recorded. It is best to record such events at an appropriate interval (1 tick at
TPQN=96, or 5 ticks at TPQN=480).
* TPQN : Ticks Per Quarter Note (i.e., the time resolution of the sequencer)
■ Examples of system exclusive messages and
calculating the checksum
Roland exclusive messages (RQ1, DT1) are transmitted with a checksum at the end of the
data (before F7) to check that the data was received correctly. The value of the checksum is
determined by the address and data (or size) of the exclusive message.
● How to calculate the checksum
The checksum consists of a value whose lower 7 bits are 0 when the address, size and
checksum itself are added.
The following formula shows how to calculate the checksum when the exclusive message
to be transmitted has an address of aa bb cc ddH, and data or size of ee ffH.
aa + bb + cc + dd + ee + ff = total
total •€ 128 = quotient ... remainder
128 - remainder = checksum
<Example 1> Setting the REVERB TYPE to HALL2 (DT1)
Referring to Ò3. Parameter address map,Ó the starting address for Part Information is 01 00
00 00H, and offset address of Part Information Common is 00 00H, and the REVERB TYPE
address is 00 28H. Therefore, the address will be
01 00 00 00H
00 00H
+) 00 28H
01 00 00 28H
Since HALL2 is parameter value 05H,
F0 41 10 00H 0BH 12 01 00 00 28 05 ?? F7
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) address data checksum (7)
(1) Exclusive status (2) ID number (Roland) (3) device ID (17)
(4), (5) model ID (MC-505) (6)command ID (DT1) (7) EOX
Next we calculate the checksum.
01H + 00H + 00H + 28H + 05H = 1 + 0 + 0 + 40 + 5 = 46(sum)
46 (total) / 128 = 0 (quotient)...46 (remainder)
checksum = 128 - 46 (quotient) = 82 = 52H
This means that the message transmitted will be F0 41 10 00 0B 12 01 00 00 28 05 52 F7.
<Example 2> Obtaining part information data (RQ1)
Referring to Ò3. Parameter address map,Ó the starting addresses for Part Information are
assigned as follows.
01 00 00 00H Part Info Common
01 00 10 00H Part Info Part 1
01 00 11 00H Part Info Part 2
01 00 16 00H Part Info Part 7
01 00 19 00H Part Info Part 10
Since the size of Part Information Part is 00 00 00 1AH, this size is added to the starting
address of Part Information Part 16, to obtain
01 00 1F 00H
+) 00 00 00 1AH
01 00 1F 1AH
Therefore, the size of the data to be obtained is
01 00 1F 1AH
-) 01 00 00 00H
00 00 1F 1AH
F0 41 10 00 0B 11 01 00 00 00 00 00 1F 1A ?? F7
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) address data checksum (7)
(1) Exclusive status (2) ID number (Roland) (3) Device ID (17)
(4), (5) Model ID (MC-505) (6) Command ID (RQ1) (7) EOX
When the checksum is calculated in the same way as in <Example 2>, we have the follow-
ing message to be transmitted: F0 41 10 00 0B 11 01 00 00 00 00 00 1F 1A 46 F7.
● Scale Tune function (Model ID : 42H (GS), address: 40
1x 40H)
Scale Tune is a function that makes fine adjustments to the pitch of each note C-B. Settings
are made for one octave, and applied to the notes of all octaves. By making Scale Tune set-
tings you can use tunings and temperaments other than the standard Equal Temperament.
Here we give three types of settings as examples.
❍ Equal temperament
This temperament divides the octave into 12 equal steps, and is the temperament most fre-
quently used today, especially in western music. Initially, the Scale Tune function of this
instrument is set to Equal Temperament.
❍ Just intonation (tonic of C)
The primary triads sound more beautiful in just intonation than in equal temperament.
However, this applies only in one key, and chords will be discordant if you play in a differ-
ent key. The settings here are for a tonic of C.
❍ Arabian-type scale
The Scale Tune function allow you to use various tunings of ethnic music. Here is one of
the Arabian scales.
Setting examples
Note Equal Temp. Just (in C) Arabian-type scale
C00 -6
C# 0 -8 +45
D0+4 -2
Eb 0 +16 -12
E 0 -14 -51
F 0 -2 -8
F# 0 -10 +43
G0+2 -4
G# 0 +14 +47
A 0 -16 0
Bb 0 +14 -10
B 0 -12 -49
The values in the above table are in units of 1 cent. Convert these values to hexadecimal,
and transmit them as exclusive data. For example to set the Scale Tune of Part 1 to an
Arabian-type scale, transmit the following data.
F0 41 10 42 12 40 11 40 3A 6D 3E 34 0D 38 6B 3C 6F 40 36 0F 50 F7
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