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45 Ɋɭɫɫɤɢɣ_
ɈȻɓɂȿɉɊȺȼɂɅȺȻȿɁɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɂ
ɈɋɌɈɊɈɀɇɈ
ɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ
ɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɬɶ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ȼ
ɰɟɥɹɯ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ
ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɸɳɢɯ ɥɢɰ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ
ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɨɱɢɬɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ
ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɋɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ
ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢɞɥɹɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɝɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɈɋɌɈɊɈɀɇɈ
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧ ɞɥɹ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɞɟɬɶɦɢɢɥɢɥɢɰɚɦɢɫɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ
ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɫɟɧɫɨɪɧɵɦɢ
ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɇɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɣɬɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɞɟɬɢ
ɢɝɪɚɥɢɫɷɬɢɦɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɦ
ɈɋɌɈɊɈɀɇɈ
ȼ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɯ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ
ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚ
Ɉɛɪɚɳɚɣɬɟɫɶ ɡɚ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɜ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ
ɜɥɚɫɬɢ
ɈȻɍɑȿɇɂȿ
Ŷ ɇɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɣɬɟ ɤ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɦ
ɞɟɬɟɣ ɢ ɥɢɰ ɧɟɡɧɚɤɨɦɵɯ ɫ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɦɢ ɩɨ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸɢɡɞɟɥɢɹɆɟɫɬɧɵɟɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢɦɨɝɭɬ
ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɬɶɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ
Ŷ ȼɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨɱɬɢɬɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ
Ɉɡɧɚɤɨɦɶɬɟɫɶ ɫɨ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ
ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɦɢɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ
Ŷ ɇɟ ɩɨɞɩɭɫɤɚɣɬɟ ɩɨɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɢɯ ɥɢɰ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɞɟɬɟɣ
ɢ ɞɨɦɚɲɧɢɯɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɛɥɢɠɟ ɱɟɦ ɧɚ  ɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɤ
ɦɟɫɬɭ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɬ Ɉɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ
ɟɫɥɢɤɬɨɥɢɛɨɩɨɹɜɢɬɫɹɜɪɚɛɨɱɟɣɡɨɧɟ
Ŷ Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɫ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɟɦ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ
ɭɫɬɚɥɨɫɬɢɛɨɥɟɡɧɢɢɥɢɩɨɞɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦɚɥɤɨɝɨɥɹ
ɧɚɪɤɨɬɢɤɨɜɢɥɢɦɟɞɢɤɚɦɟɧɬɨɜ
Ŷ ɂɦɟɬɶ ɜ ɜɢɞɭ ɱɬɨ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶ
ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɵ ɡɚ ɧɟɫɱɚɫɬɧɵɟ ɫɥɭɱɚɢ ɢɥɢ
ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɞɪɭɝɢɦ ɥɸɞɹɦ ɢɥɢ ɢɯ
ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ
ɗɅȿɄɌɊɈȻȿɁɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɖ
Ŷ ȼɢɥɤɚ ɤɚɛɟɥɹ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɨɣ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɟ ɇɟ
ɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɚɣɬɟɜɢɥɤɭɤɚɛɟɥɹɤɚɤɢɦɥɢɛɨɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɦ
ɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɤɚɤɢɟɥɢɛɨ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɢɤɢ ɫ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɫ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɹɸɳɢɦ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɦ
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɪɢɝɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɲɬɟɩɫɟɥɶɧɵɯ
ɜɢɥɨɤ ɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɪɨɡɟɬɨɤ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɚɟɬ
ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶɩɨɪɚɠɟɧɢɹɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɬɨɤɨɦ
Ŷ ɂɡɛɟɝɢɬɟ ɧɟɭɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɪɬɚ ɉɟɪɟɞ
ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɦ ɤ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɭ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ
ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ
ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɇɟ ɧɟɫɢɬɟ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɨɟ
ɢɡɞɟɥɢɟɫɜɚɲɢɦɩɚɥɶɰɟɦɧɚɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɟ
Ŷ ɇɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɣɬɟ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɚ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ ɬɟɥɚ ɫ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɜ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɤɚɤ
ɬɪɭɛɵ ɪɚɞɢɚɬɨɪɵ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɵɟ ɩɥɢɬɵ
ɯɨɥɨɞɢɥɶɧɢɤɢ ɉɪɢ ɫɨɩɪɢɤɨɫɧɨɜɟɧɢɢ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ ɬɟɥɚ
ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɫ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚɦɢ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɟɬ
ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶɩɨɪɚɠɟɧɢɹɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɬɨɤɨɦ
Ŷ Ʉɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ
ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɬɢ
ɉɨɩɚɞɚɧɢɟ ɜɥɚɝɢ ɜ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ
ɜɵɯɨɞɭɟɝɨɢɡɫɬɪɨɹɢɥɢɩɨɪɚɠɟɧɢɸɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ
ɬɨɤɨɦ
Ŷ ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɟɧɚɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɞɨɥɠɧɨɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɶɫɹ
ɱɟɪɟɡ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ 5&' ɫ
ɫɢɥɨɣɬɨɤɚɪɚɡɦɵɤɚɧɢɹɧɟɛɨɥɟɟɦȺ
Ŷ ɉɟɪɟɞ ɤɚɠɞɵɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɲɧɭɪ
ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ
ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɜ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɨɧ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ
ɛɵɬɶɡɚɦɟɧɟɧɜɚɜɬɨɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɦɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɦɰɟɧɬɪɟ
ȼɫɟɝɞɚ ɪɚɡɦɚɬɵɜɚɣɬɟ ɲɧɭɪ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ
ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɝɢɛɤɢɟ ɤɚɛɟɥɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ
ɩɟɪɟɝɪɟɜɚɬɶɫɹ
Ŷ ȿɫɥɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɭɞɥɢɧɢɬɟɥɶ
ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɱɬɨ ɨɧ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɢɬ ɞɥɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɜɧɟ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɵɣ ɬɨɤ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɟɧ
ɞɥɹ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɣɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɞ
ɤɚɠɞɵɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦɧɚ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ
ɢ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɪɚɡɦɚɬɵɜɚɣɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ
ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɩɨɬɨɦɭɱɬɨɝɢɛɤɢɟɤɚɛɟɥɢ
ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɟɪɟɝɪɟɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɉɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɧɵɟ ɭɞɥɢɧɢɬɟɥɢ
ɧɟ ɩɨɞɥɟɠɚɬ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɭ ɢɯ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɡɚɦɟɧɹɬɶ
ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɦɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɦ
Ŷ ɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɟ ɟɫɥɢ ɟɝɨ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ
ɤɚɛɟɥɶɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɥɢɢɡɧɨɫɢɥɫɹ
Ŷ ȿɫɥɢ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɨ
ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɤɚɛɟɥɹ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɭɞɥɢɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɤɚɛɟɥɹɧɟɡɚɦɟɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɨɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟɟɝɨ ɨɬɫɟɬɢ
ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹɇɟɩɪɢɤɚɫɚɣɬɟɫɶɤɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭɤɚɛɟɥɸ
ɩɨɤɚɨɧɧɟɛɭɞɟɬɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɨɬɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ
Ŷ ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɱɬɨ ɲɧɭɪ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧ ɬɚɤ
ɱɬɨ ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɪɟɡɚɬɶ ɧɚɫɬɭɩɢɬɶ ɧɚ ɧɟɝɨ
ɫɩɨɬɤɧɭɬɶɫɹ ɨɛ ɧɟɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɜɪɟɞɢɬɶ ɤɚɤɢɦɥɢɛɨ
ɢɧɵɦɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɦ
Ŷ Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɹɧɭɬɶ ɡɚ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ
ɩɨɞɧɹɬɢɹɢɥɢɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ
Ŷ Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɹɧɭɬɶ ɡɚ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɱɬɨɛɵ
ɨɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɶɟɝɨɨɬɫɟɬɢ
Ŷ ɇɟ ɪɚɫɤɥɚɞɵɜɚɣɬɟ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɜɛɥɢɡɢ
ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ ɬɟɩɥɚ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɟɣ ɫ ɦɚɫɥɨɦ ɢ ɨɫɬɪɵɯ
ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɜ
Ŷ ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶɜɬɨɦɱɬɨɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɫɟɬɢɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ
ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɨɦɭɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɸɢɡɞɟɥɢɹȼɩɚɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣ
ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɟɝɨ ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɨɟ
ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ
ɤ ɫɟɬɢ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ
ɨɬɥɢɱɚɟɬɫɹɨɬɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɝɨ
Ŷ ɉɟɪɟɞ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɨɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ
ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɱɬɨ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ
ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɨɦɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ