TigerSwitch 1000 Gigabit Ethernet Switch ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ 6 auto-MDIX 10/100/1000BASE-T ports Two slots for hot-swappable 1000BASE-X GBIC modules 16 Gbps of aggregate switch bandwidth Support for redundant power unit Up to four port trunks per switch Port mirroring for non-intrusive analysis QoS support for two-level priority Full support for IEEE 802.
TigerSwitch 1000 Management Guide From SMC’s Tiger line of feature-rich workgroup LAN solutions 6 Hughes Irvine, CA 92618 Phone: (949) 707-2400 September 2001 Pub.
Information furnished by SMC Networks, Inc. (SMC) is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by SMC for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of SMC. SMC reserves the right to change specifications at any time without notice. Copyright © 2001 by SMC Networks, Inc. 6 Hughes Irvine, CA 92618 All rights reserved.
LIMITED WARRANTY Limited Warranty Statement: SMC Networks, Inc. (“SMC”) warrants its products to be free from defects in workmanship and materials, under normal use and service, for the applicable warranty term. All SMC products carry a standard 90-day limited warranty from the date of purchase from SMC or its Authorized Reseller. SMC may, at its own discretion, repair or replace any product not operating as warranted with a similar or functionally equivalent product, during the applicable warranty term.
LIMITED WARRANTY REPLACEMENT OF THE PRODUCT IN QUESTION, AT SMC’S OPTION. THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES ARE EXCLUSIVE AND ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, EITHER IN FACT OR BY OPERATION OF LAW, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, INCLUDING WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
TABLE 1 OF CONTENTS Switch Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 Configuration Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Required Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Console Port (Out-of-Band) Connections . Remote Management via the Console Port Configure the Switch Site . . . . . . . . . Configure the Remote Site . . . . . . . . In-Band Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TABLE OF CONTENTS Displaying the Spanning Tree Bridge State . Displaying the Spanning Tree Port State . . . Using a Mirror Port for Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . Configuring Port Trunks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IGMP Multicast Filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Configuring IGMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Configuring Broadcast Storm Control . . . . . . . . Port Security Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Configuring Bridge MIB Extensions . . . . . . . . .
TABLE OF CONTENTS Main Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SNMP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SNMP Community . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trap Managers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Security Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Change Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TABLE OF CONTENTS IP Multicast Registration Table . . . . . . . . . Port Menus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Port Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Port Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Port Broadcast Storm Protect Configuration Port Security Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . Using a Port Mirror for Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . Port Trunk Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Port Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TABLE OF CONTENTS Console Port to 25-Pin DTE Port on PC . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TABLE OF CONTENTS viii
CHAPTER 1 SWITCH MANAGEMENT Configuration Options For advanced management capability, the TigerSwitch 1000 management agent provides a menu-driven system configuration program. This program can be accessed by a direct or modem connection to the serial port on the front panel (out-of-band), or by a Telnet connection over the network (in-band). The management agent is based on SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol).
SWITCH MANAGEMENT Required Connections Console Port (Out-of-Band) Connections Attach a VT100 compatible terminal or a PC running a terminal emulation program to the serial port on the switch’s front panel. Use the null-modem cable provided with this package, or use a null modem connection that complies with the wiring assignments shown in Appendix B of this guide. When attaching to a PC, set terminal emulation type to VT100, specify the port used by your PC (i.e.
SWITCH MANAGEMENT Remote Management via the Console Port Configure the Switch Site Connect the switch’s DB9 serial port to the modem’s serial port using standard cabling. For most modems which use a 25-pin port, you will have to provide an RS-232 cable with a 9-pin connector on one end and a 25-pin connector on the other end. Set the modem at the switch’s site to force auto-answer mode.
SWITCH MANAGEMENT In-Band Connections Prior to accessing the switch via a network connection, you must first configure it with a valid IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway using an out-of-band connection or the BOOTP protocol. After configuring the switch’s IP parameters, you can access the on-board configuration program from anywhere within the attached network. The on-board configuration program can be accessed using Telnet from any computer attached to the network.
CHAPTER 2 CONSOLE INTERFACE Log-in Screen Once a direct connection to the serial port or a Telnet connection is established, the log-in screen for the onboard configuration program appears as shown below. SSSSSSSSSSSSSSS SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS SS S SS SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS SS S SS SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS SSSSSSSSSSSSSSS V2.04.03.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Note: You are allowed three attempts to enter the correct password; on the third failed attempt the current connection is terminated. Main Menu The Main Menu is the first screen seen after successfully logging into the system. SMC TigerSwitch 1000 Local Management -- SMC8606T < Main Menu > About this product Management Setup Menu Switch Configuration Menu Network Monitor Menu Reset System Menu Quit Current Session Use or arrow keys to move. to select.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Selection Description Serial Port Configuration Sets communication parameters for the serial port, including management mode, baud rate, console time-out, and screen data refresh interval. SNMP Configuration Activates traps; and configures communities and trap managers. Console Login Configuration Sets user names and passwords for system access, as well as the invalid password threshold and lockout time.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Selection Description BStorm Control Configuration Allows you to enable/disable broadcast storm control on a per-port basis and set the packet-per-second threshold. Port Security Configuration Allows you to enable and configure port security for the switch. Extended Bridge Configuration Displays/configures extended bridge capabilities provided by this switch, including support for traffic classes, GMRP* multicast filtering, and VLAN extensions. 802.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Selection Description IP Multicast Registration Table Displays all the multicast groups active on this switch, including multicast IP addresses and corresponding VLAN IDs. Static Unicast Address Table Configuration Used to manually configure host MAC addresses in the unicast table. Reset system menu Restarts system with options to use POST, or to retain factory defaults, IP settings, or user authentication settings. Quit current session Exits the configuration program.
CONSOLE INTERFACE System and Switch Information Use the “About this product” menu to display a basic description of the switch, including contact information, and hardware/ firmware versions. SMC TigerSwitch 1000 Local Management -- SMC8606T < About this product > System Information Switch Information Use or arrow keys to move. to select. 2-6 Selection Description System Information Provides basic system description, including contact information.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Displaying System Information Use the System Information screen to display descriptive information about the switch, or for quick system identification as shown in the following figure and table. SMC TigerSwitch 1000 Local Management -- SMC8606T < System Information > System Description : SMC TigerSwitch 1000 SMC8606T System Object ID : 1.3.6.1.4.1.202.20.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Displaying Switch Version Use the Switch Information screen to display hardware/firmware version numbers for the switch, as well as the power status of the system. SMC TigerSwitch 1000 Local Management -- SMC8606T < Switch Information > Main Board Hardware Version Firmware Version POST ROM Version Serial Number Port Number Internal Power Status Redundant Power Status : : : : : : : V1.0 (850 CPU) V2.04.03.08 V1.04 00-E0-09-09-00-01 8 Active Inactive Use or arrow keys to move.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Management Setup Menu After initially logging onto the system, adjust the communication parameters for your console to ensure a reliable connection (Serial Port Configuration). Specify the IP addresses for the switch (Network Configuration / IP Configuration), and then set the Administrator and User passwords (Console Login Configuration). Remember to record them in a safe place.
CONSOLE INTERFACE 2-10 SNMP Configuration Activates traps; and configures communities and trap managers. Console Login Configuration Sets user names and passwords for system access, as well as the invalid password threshold and lockout time. TFTP Download New Software Downloads new version of firmware to update your system (in-band). Configuration Save & Restore Saves the switch configuration to a file on a TFTP server. This file can be later downloaded to restore the configuration.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Changing the Network Configuration Use the Network Configuration menu to set the bootup option, configure the switch’s Internet Protocol (IP) parameters, enable the on-board Web server, or to set the number of concurrent Telnet sessions allowed. The screen shown below is described in the following table.
CONSOLE INTERFACE IP Configuration Use the IP Configuration screen to set the bootup option, or configure the switch’s IP parameters. The screen shown below is described in the following table. SMC TigerSwitch 1000 Local Management -- SMC8606T < IP Configuration > Interface Type : Ethernet IP Address : 10.2.13.29 Netmask : 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway : IP State : USER-CONFIG Use or arrow keys to move, other keys to make changes.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Parameter Default Description Subnet Mask 255.255.0.0 Subnet mask of the switch. This mask identifies the host address bits used for routing to specific subnets. Default Gateway IP State The gateway that the switch’s agent uses to pass data to the management station. Note that the gateway must be defined if the management station is located in a different IP segment. USERCONFIG Specifies whether IP functionality is enabled via manual configuration, or set by Boot Protocol (BootP).
CONSOLE INTERFACE IP Connectivity Test (Ping) Use the IP Connectivity Test to see if another site on the Internet can be reached. The screen shown below is described in the following table. SMC TigerSwitch 1000 Local Management -- SMC8606T < IP Connectivity Test(Ping) > IP Address : Test Times : 1 Interval : 3 Success Failure : 0 : 0 [Start] Use or arrow keys to move, other keys to make changes. Parameter Description IP Address IP address of the site you want to ping.
CONSOLE INTERFACE HTTP Configuration Use the HTTP Configuration screen to enable/disable the on-board Web server, and to specify the TCP port that will provide HTTP service. The screen shown below is described in the following table. SMC TigerSwitch 1000 Local Management -- SMC8606T < HTTP Configuration > HTTP Server : ENABLED HTTP Port Number : 80 Use or arrow keys to move, to scroll options.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Configuring the Serial Port You can access the on-board configuration program by attaching a VT100 compatible device to the switch’s serial port. (For more information on connecting to this port, see “Required Connections” on page 1-2.) The communication parameters for this port can be accessed from the Serial Port Configuration screen shown below and described in the following table.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Parameter Default Description Stop bits 1 bit Sets the stop bits of the RS-232 port. Options : 1, 2 Parity none Sets the parity of the RS-232 port. Options : none/odd/even Time-Out 10 minutes If no input is received from the attached device after this interval, the current session is automatically closed.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Assigning SNMP Parameters Use the SNMP Configuration screen to display and modify parameters for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). The switch includes an SNMP agent which monitors the status of its hardware, as well as the traffic passing through its ports. A computer attached to the network, called a Network Management Station (NMS), can be used to access this information. Access rights to the switch are controlled by community strings.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Configuring Community Names The following figure and table describe how to configure the community strings authorized for management access. Up to 5 community names may be entered. SMC TigerSwitch 1000 Local Management -- SMC8606T < SNMP Security > Community Name 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. public Access READ ONLY Status ENABLED Use or arrow keys to move, other keys to make changes.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Configuring IP Trap Managers The following figure and table describe how to specify management stations that will receive authentication failure messages or other trap messages from the switch. Up to 5 trap managers may be entered. SMC TigerSwitch 1000 Local Management -- SMC8606T < IP Trap Managers > 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. IP Address Community Name Status 10.1.0.23 public DISABLED Use or arrow keys to move, to scroll options.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Console Login Configuration Use the Management Setup: Console Login Configuration to restrict management access based on specified user names and passwords, or to set the invalid password threshold and timeout. There are only two user types defined, ADMIN (Administrator) and GUEST, but you can set up to five different user names and passwords. Only Administrators have write access for parameters governing the switch.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Parameter Default Description Lock-out Time 0 Time (in minutes) the management console will be disabled, Range : 0~65535 Admin* name: admin password: null Administrator has access privilege of Read/Write for all screens. Guest* name: guest password: null Guest has access privilege of Read Only for all screens. * Passwords can consist of up to 11 alphanumeric characters and are not case sensitive.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Downloading System Software Using TFTP Protocol to Download Over the Network Use the TFTP Download menu to load software updates into the switch. The download file should be an SMC8606T binary file from SMC; otherwise the switch will not accept it. The success of the download operation depends on the accessibility of the TFTP server and the quality of the network connection. After downloading the new software, the switch will automatically restart itself.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Parameter Download Status Description Indicates if a download is “Complete” or “In Progress.” Saving the System Configuration Use the Configuration Save & Restore menu to save the switch configuration settings to a file on a TFTP server. The file can be later downloaded to the switch to restore the switch’s settings. The success of the operation depends on the accessibility of the TFTP server and the quality of the network connection.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Parameter Description [Process TFTP Upload] Issues a request to upload the configuration settings to the specified file on the TFTP server. Upload Status Indicates if an upload is “Complete” or “In Progress.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Parameter Description Configuration Download Download Server IP IP address of a TFTP server. Download Filename The name of the file that contains the switch configuration settings you wish to restore. [Process TFTP Download] Issues a request to the TFTP server to download the specified file. Download Status 2-26 Indicates if a download is “Complete” or “In Progress.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Configuring the Switch The Switch Configuration Menu is used to control a broad range of functions, including port configuration, Spanning Tree support for redundant switches, port mirroring, multicast filtering, and Virtual LANs. Each of the setup screens provided by these configuration menus is described in the following sections.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Selection Description IGMP Configuration Configures IGMP multicast filtering. BStorm Control Configuration Allows you to enable/disable broadcast storm control on a per-port basis and set the packet-per-second threshold. Port Security Configuration Allows you to enable and configure port security for the switch. Extended Bridge Configuration Displays/configures extended bridge capabilities provided by this switch, including support for traffic classes, and VLAN extensions. 802.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Configuring Port Parameters Use the Port Configuration menus to set or display communication parameters for any port on the switch.
CONSOLE INTERFACE 2-30 Parameter Default Description Flow Control DISABLED Used to enable or disable flow control. Flow control can eliminate frame loss by “blocking” traffic from end stations or segments connected directly to the switch when its buffers fill. Back pressure is used for half duplex and IEEE 802.3x for full duplex. Speed and Duplex AUTO Used to set the current port speed, duplex mode, and auto-negotiation.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Viewing the Current Port Configuration The Port State screen displays the port type, status, link state, and flow control in use, as well as the communication speed and duplex mode. To change any of the port settings, use the Port Configuration menu.
CONSOLE INTERFACE 2-32 Parameter Description Speed and Duplex InUse Displays the current port speed and duplex mode used.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Using the Spanning Tree Algorithm The Spanning Tree Algorithm can be used to detect and disable network loops, and to provide backup links between switches, bridges or routers. This allows the switch to interact with other bridging devices (that is, an STA-compliant switch, bridge or router) in your network to ensure that only one route exists between any two stations on the network.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Configuring Bridge STA The following figure and table describe Bridge STA configuration. SMC TigerSwitch 1000 Local Management -- SMC8606T < Spanning Tree Bridge Configuration > Spanning Tree Protocol : On Bridge Priority : 32768 Hello Time (in seconds) : 2 Max Age (in seconds) : 20 Forward Delay (in seconds) : 15 Use or arrow keys to move, to scroll options.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Parameter Default Description Hello Time 2 Time interval (in seconds) at which the root device transmits a configuration message. The minimum value is1. The maximum value is the lower of 10 or [(Max. Message Age / 2) -1]. Max (Message) Age 20 The maximum time (in seconds) a device can wait without receiving a configuration message before attempting to reconfigure. All device ports (except for designated ports) should receive configuration messages at regular intervals.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Configuring STA for Ports The following figure and table describe STA configuration for ports.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Parameter Default Description Priority 128 Defines the priority for the use of a port in the STA algorithm. If the path cost for all ports on a switch are the same, the port with the highest priority (i.e., lowest value) will be configured as an active link in the spanning tree. When more than one port is assigned the highest priority, the port with lowest numeric identifier will be enabled. The range is 0 - 255.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Parameter Default Description FastForwarding DISABLED This parameter is used to enable/ disable the Fast Spanning Tree mode for the port. In this mode, ports skip the Blocked, Listening and Learning states and proceed straight to Forwarding. FastForwarding enables end-node workstations and servers to overcome time-out problems when the Spanning Tree Algorithm is implemented in a network.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Viewing the Current Spanning Tree Information The Spanning Tree Information screen displays a summary of the STA information for the overall bridge or for a specific port. To make any changes to the parameters for the Spanning Tree, use the Spanning Tree Configuration menu. SMC TigerSwitch 1000 Local Management -- SMC8606T < Spanning Tree Information Menu > Spanning Tree Bridge State Spanning Tree Port State Use or arrow keys to move. to select.
CONSOLE INTERFACE 2-40 Parameter Description Priority Device priority is used in selecting the root device, root port, and designated port. The device with the highest priority becomes the STA root device. However, if all devices have the same priority, the device with the lowest MAC address will then become the root device. Hello Time The time interval (in seconds) at which the root device transmits a configuration message.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Displaying the Spanning Tree Port State The parameters shown in the following figure and table are for port STA Information. SMC TigerSwitch 1000 Local Management -- SMC8606T < Spanning Tree Port State > Port Type Status Designated Designated Designated Cost Bridge Port -------------------------------------------------------------------------1 1000T NO LINK 0 32768.00E009090001 128.1 2 1000T NO LINK 0 32768.00E009090001 128.2 3 1000T FORWARDING 0 32768.00E009090001 128.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Parameter Description Status Displays the current state of this port within the spanning tree: Disabled Port has been disabled by the user or has failed diagnostics. No Link There is no valid link on the port. Blocking Port receives STA configuration messages, but does not forward packets. Listening Port will leave blocking state due to topology change, starts transmitting configuration messages, but does not yet forward packets.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Parameter Description Designated Port (ID) The priority and number of the port on the designated bridging device through which this switch must communicate with the root of the spanning tree.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Using a Mirror Port for Analysis You can mirror traffic from any source port to a target port for real-time analysis. You can then attach a network sniffer or RMON probe to the target port and study the traffic crossing the source port in a completely unobtrusive manner. When mirroring port traffic, note that the target port must be configured in the same VLAN as the source port (see “Configuring Virtual LANs” on page 2-55).
CONSOLE INTERFACE Configuring Port Trunks Port trunks can be used to increase the bandwidth of a network connection or to ensure fault recovery. You can configure up to four trunk connections (combining 2~4 ports into a fat pipe) between any two TigerSwitch 1000 switches. However, before making any physical connections between devices, use the Trunk Configuration menu to specify the trunk on the devices at both ends. When using a port trunk, note that: • Ports can only be assigned to one trunk.
CONSOLE INTERFACE You can use the Port Trunking Configuration screen to set up port trunks as shown below. Remember that you must “Enable” a new configuration before it will take effect.
CONSOLE INTERFACE IGMP Multicast Filtering Multicasting is used to support real-time applications such as video conferencing or streaming audio. A multicast server does not have to establish a separate connection with each client. It merely broadcasts its service to the network, and any hosts which want to receive the multicast register with their local multicast switch/ router.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Configuring IGMP This protocol allows a host to inform its local switch/router that it wants to receive transmissions addressed to a specific multicast group. You can use the IGMP Configuration screen to configure multicast filtering shown below: SMC TigerSwitch 1000 Local Management -- SMC8606T < IGMP Configuration > IGMP Status : DISABLED IGMP Query Count : 2 IGMP Report Delay (Seconds) : 10 Use or arrow keys to move, to scroll options.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Configuring Broadcast Storm Control Use the Broadcast Storm Control Configuration screen to enable broadcast storm control for any port on the switch, as shown below.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Port Security Configuration Use the Port Security Configuration screen to enable and configure port security for the switch. Port Security allows you to configure each port with a list of MAC addresses of devices that are authorized to access the network through that port.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Parameter Description Mode Port security can be set to three states; Static, Disable, or Learning. When set to Static, the switch will drop packets from the port if the source MAC address does not match one of the addresses in the MAC Address list. If set to Learning, the switch will add the source MAC address of all packets received on the port to the authorized MAC Address list. [Apply] Applies a change of Mode to the port.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Configuring Bridge MIB Extensions The Bridge MIB includes extensions for managed devices that support Traffic Classes, Multicast Filtering and Virtual LANs.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Parameter Description Static Entry Individual Port Indicates that the switch allows static filtering for unicast and multicast addresses. (Refer to Network Monitor Menu / Static Unicast Address Table Configuration and Static Multicast Address Table Configuration.) VLAN Learning This switch uses Shared VLAN Learning (SVL), whereby all ports share the same VLAN filtering database.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Configuring Traffic Classes IEEE 802.1p defines up to 8 separate traffic classes. This switch supports Quality of Service (QoS) by using two priority queues, with Weighted Fair Queuing for each port. You can use the 802.1P Configuration menu to configure the default priority for each port, or to display the mapping for the traffic classes as described in the following sections. SMC TigerSwitch 1000 Local Management -- SMC8606T < 802.1P Configuration > 802.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Port Priority Configuration The default priority for all ingress ports is zero. Therefore, any inbound frames that do not have priority tags will be placed in the low priority output queue. Default priority is only used to determine the output queue for the current port; no priority tag is actually added to the frame. You can use the 802.1P Port Priority Configuration menu to adjust default priority for any port as shown below: SMC TigerSwitch 1000 Local Management -- SMC8606T < 802.
CONSOLE INTERFACE 802.1P Port Traffic Class Information This switch provides two priority levels with weighted fair queuing for port egress. This means that any frames with a default or user priority from 0~3 are sent to the low priority queue “0” while those from 4~7 are sent to the high priority queue “1” as shown in the following screen: SMC TigerSwitch 1000 Local Management -- SMC8606T < 802.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Configuring Virtual LANs You can use the VLAN configuration menu to assign any port on the switch to any of up to 256 LAN groups. In conventional networks with routers, broadcast traffic is split up into separate domains. Switches do not inherently support broadcast domains. This can lead to broadcast storms in large networks that handle a lot of IPX and NetBEUI traffic. By using IEEE 802.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Parameter Description VLAN Version Number The VLAN version used by this switch as specified in the IEEE 802.1Q standard. MAX VLAN ID Maximum VLAN ID recognized by this switch. MAX Supported VLANs Maximum number of VLANs that can be configured on this switch. Current Number of VLANs Configured The number of VLANs currently configured on this switch. Note: All ports are assigned only to VLAN 1 by default.
CONSOLE INTERFACE 802.1Q VLAN Current Table Information This screen shows the current port members of each VLAN and whether or not the port supports VLAN tagging. Ports assigned to a large VLAN group that crosses several switches should use VLAN tagging. However, if you just want to create a small port-based VLAN for one or two switches, you can assign ports to the same untagged VLAN (page 2-61). The current configuration is shown in the following figure.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Parameter Description Status Shows how this VLAN was added to the switch: Dynamic GVRP: Automatically learned via GVRP. Permanent: Added as a static entry. Current Egress Ports Shows the ports which have been added to the displayed VLAN group, where “1” indicates that a port is a member and “0” that it is not. Current Untagged Ports If a port has been added to the displayed VLAN (see Current Egress Ports), its entry in this field will be “1” if the port is untagged or “0” if tagged.
CONSOLE INTERFACE 2-61.) SMC TigerSwitch 1000 Local Management -- SMC8606T < 802.1Q VLAN Static Table Configuration > VID VLAN Name Status -----------------------------1 Active Egress Ports 11111111 Forbidden Egress Ports 00000000 Untagged Ports 11111111 VID : 1 [Show] [More] [New] Use or arrow keys to move, other keys to make changes. Parameter Description VID The ID for the VLAN currently displayed. Range: 1-2048 VLAN Name A user-specified symbolic name for this VLAN.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Parameter Description [New] Sets up the screen for configuring a new VLAN. Note: No VLANs are statically configured by default.
CONSOLE INTERFACE For example, the following screen displays settings for VLAN 2, which includes tagged ports 1-4, and forbidden port 8. SMC TigerSwitch 1000 Local Management -- SMC8606T < 802.1Q VLAN Static Table Configuration > VID VLAN Name Status -----------------------------2 Active Egress Ports 11110000 Untagged Ports 00000000 Forbidden Egress Ports 00000001 VID : 2 [Show] [More] [New] Use or arrow keys to move, other keys to make changes.
CONSOLE INTERFACE 802.1Q VLAN Port Configuration Use this screen to configure port-specific settings for IEEE 802.1Q VLAN features. SMC TigerSwitch 1000 Local Management -- SMC8606T < 802.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Parameter Description GVRP Status2 Enables or disables GVRP for this port. When disabled, any GVRP packets received on this port will be discarded and no GVRP registrations will be propagated from other ports. Note that GVRP must be enabled for the switch before this setting can take effect. (See Switch Configuration Menu / Extended Bridge Configuration.) GVRP Failed Registrations2 The total number of failed GVRP registrations, for any reason, on this port.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Monitoring the Switch The Network Monitor Menu provides access to port statistics, RMON statistics, IP multicast addresses, and the static (unicast) address table. Each of the screens provided by these menus is described in the following sections.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Parameter Description IP Multicast Registration Table Displays the ports that belong to each IP Muticast group. Static Unicast Address Table Configuration Allows you to display or configure static unicast addresses. Static Multicast Address Table Configuration* Allows you to display or configure static GMRP multicast addresses. * Not implemented in the current firmware release.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Displaying Port Statistics Port Statistics display key statistics from the Ethernet-like MIB for each port. Error statistics on the traffic passing through each port are displayed. This information can be used to identify potential problems with the switch (such as a faulty port or unusually heavy loading). The values displayed have been accumulated since the last system reboot. Select the required port. The statistics displayed are indicated in the following figure and table.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Parameter Description Single Collision Frames* The number of successfully transmitted frames for which transmission is inhibited by exactly one collision. Multiple Collision Frames* A count of successfully transmitted frames for which transmission is inhibited by more that one collision. SQE Test Errors* A count of times that the SQE TEST ERROR message is generated by the PLS sublayer.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Displaying RMON Statistics Use the RMON Statistics screen to display key statistics for each port from RMON group 1. (RMON groups 2, 3 and 9 can only be accessed using SNMP management software.) The following screen displays the overall statistics on traffic passing through each port. RMON statistics provide access to a broad range of statistics, including a total count of different frame types and sizes passing through each port.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Parameter Description Broadcast Frames The total number of good frames received that were directed to the broadcast address. Note that this does not include multicast packets. Multicast Frames The total number of good frames received that were directed to this multicast address. CRC/Alignment Errors The number of frames received with CRC/ alignment errors (FCS or alignment errors).
CONSOLE INTERFACE 2-72 Parameter Description 128-255 Byte Frames The total number of packets (including bad packets) received and transmitted that were between 128 and 255 octets in length inclusive (excluding framing bits but including FCS octets). 1024-1518 Byte Frames The total number of packets (including bad packets) received and transmitted that were between 1024 and 1518 octets in length inclusive (excluding framing bits but including FCS octets).
CONSOLE INTERFACE Displaying the Unicast Address Table The Address Table contains the MAC addresses and VLAN identifier associated with each port (that is, the source port associated with the address and VLAN), sorted by MAC address or VLAN ID. You can search for a specific address, clear the entire address table, or information associated with a specific address, or set the aging time for deleting inactive entries.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Parameter Description Port The port whose address table includes this MAC address. Status Indicates address status as: D: Dynamically learned, or P: Fixed permanently by SNMP network management software. 2-74 [Show] Displays the address table based on specified VLAN ID, and sorted by primary key MAC or VID. [More] Scrolls through the entries in the address table. [Clear] Clears the specified MAC address.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Displaying the IP Multicast Registration Table Use the IP Multicast Registration Table to display all the multicast groups active on this switch, including multicast IP addresses and the corresponding VLAN ID.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Configuring Static Unicast Addresses Use the Static Unicast Address Table Configuration screen to manually configure host MAC addresses in the unicast table. You can use this screen to associate a MAC address with a specific VLAN ID and switch port as shown below.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Parameter Description Status The status for an entry can be set to: Permanent: This entry is currently in use and will remain so after the next reset of the switch. DeleteOnReset: This entry is currently in use and will remain so until the next reset. Invalid: Removes the corresponding entry. DeleteOnTimeOut:This entry is currently in use and will remain so until it is aged out. (Refer to Address Table Aging Time on page 2-70.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Resetting the System Select the Reset System Menu under the Main Menu to reset the switch. The reset screen includes options as shown in the following figure and table. SMC TigerSwitch 1000 Local Management -- SMC8606T < Reset System Menu > Restart Option : POST Reload Factory Defaults Keep IP Setting Keep User Authentication : : : : YES NO NO NO [Restart] Use or arrow keys to move, to scroll options.
CONSOLE INTERFACE Logging Off the System Use the Quit Current Session command under the Main Menu to exit the configuration program and terminate communications with the switch for the current session.
CONSOLE INTERFACE 2-80
CHAPTER 3 WEB INTERFACE Web-Based Configuration and Monitoring In addition to the menu-driven system configuration program, this switch also provides an embedded HTTP Web agent. Using a Web browser you can configure the switch and view statistics to monitor network activity. The Web agent can be accessed by any computer on the network using a standard Web browser (Internet Explorer 4.0 or above, or Netscape Navigator 4.0 or above).
WEB INTERFACE Navigating the Web Browser Interface To access the Web-browser interface you must first enter a user name and password. The administrator has Read/Write access to all configuration parameters and statistics. The default user name for the administrator is “admin,” with no password. Home Page When your Web browser connects with the switch’s Web agent, the home page is displayed as shown below.
WEB INTERFACE If this is your first time to access the management agent, you should define a new Administrator password, record it and put it in a safe place. From the Main Menu, select Security and enter a new password for the Administrator. Note that passwords can consist of up to 11 alphanumeric characters and are not case sensitive. Note: Based on the default configuration, a user is allowed three attempts to enter the correct password; on the third failed attempt the current connection is terminated.
WEB INTERFACE Panel Display The Web agent displays an image of the switch’s ports, showing port links and activity. Clicking on the image of a port displays statistics and configuration information for the port. Clicking on the image of the serial port (labeled “Mgmt”) displays the Console Configuration screen. Clicking on any other part of the front panel displays Switch Information as described on page 3-9.
WEB INTERFACE Parameter Description Duplex Status Indicates the port’s current duplex mode. Flow Control Status Shows the flow control type in use. Flow control can eliminate frame loss by “blocking” traffic from end stations connected directly to the switch. VLAN The VLAN ID assigned to untagged frames received on this port. Use the PVID (page 3-41) to assign ports to the same untagged VLAN.
WEB INTERFACE Configuring the Serial Port If you are having difficulties making an out-of-band console connection to the serial port on the switch, you can display or modify the current settings for the serial port through the Web agent. Click on the serial port icon in the switch image to display or configure these settings, as shown below. Parameter Default Description Baud Rate 19200 The rate at which data is sent between devices. Options : 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200 bps, and Auto detection.
WEB INTERFACE Main Menu Using the onboard Web agent, you can define system parameters, manage and control the switch, and all its ports, or monitor network conditions. The interface screen includes the main menu on the left side, the menu bar beneath the image of the switch, and a list of commands beneath the menu bar. The following table briefly describes the selections available from this program. Function Description System Provides basic system description, including contact information.
WEB INTERFACE 3-8 Function Description VLAN Configures VLAN group members, automatic registration with GVRP, and other port-specific VLAN settings. IGMP Configures IGMP multicast filtering. Port Enables any port, sets communication mode to auto-negotiation, full duplex or half duplex, and enables/ disables flow control. Mirror Sets the source and target ports for mirroring. Trunk Specifies ports to group into aggregate trunks.
WEB INTERFACE System Information Use the System Information screen to display descriptive information about the switch, or for quick system identification as shown in the following figure and table. Parameter Description System Name1 Name assigned to the switch system. IP Address2 IP address of the switch you are managing. The switch’s management supports SNMP over UDP/IP transport protocol.
WEB INTERFACE Switch Information Use the Switch Information screen to display hardware/firmware version numbers for the switch, as well as the power status of the system. Main Board 3-10 Parameter Description Serial Number Serial number of the main board. Number of Ports Number of ports on the switch. Hardware Version Hardware version of the main board. Firmware Version System firmware version in ROM. POST ROM Version Management’s Power-On Self-Test version.
WEB INTERFACE IP Configuration Use the IP Configuration screen to set the bootup option, configure the Ethernet IP address for the switch, or set the number or concurrent Telnet sessions allowed. The screen shown below is described in the following table. Parameter Default Description IP State USERCONFIG Specifies whether IP functionality is enabled via manual configuration, or set by Boot Protocol (BootP).
WEB INTERFACE Parameter Default Description IP Address 10.1.0.1 IP address of the switch you are managing. The switch supports SNMP over UDP/IP transport protocol. In this environment, all systems on the Internet, such as network interconnectiondevicesand any PC accessing the switch are assigned an IP address. Valid IP addresses consist of four decimal numbers, of 0 to 255, separated by periods. Anything outside of this format will not be accepted by the configuration program. Subnet Mask 255.255.0.
WEB INTERFACE SNMP Configuration Use the SNMP Configuration screen to display and modify parameters for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). The switch includes an SNMP agent which monitors the status of its hardware, as well as the traffic passing through its ports. A computer attached to the network, called a Network Management Station (NMS), can be used to access this information. Access rights to the switch are controlled by community strings.
WEB INTERFACE 3-14 Parameter Description Access Mode Management access is restricted to Read Only or Read/Write.
WEB INTERFACE Trap Managers The following figure and table describe how to specify management stations that will receive authentication failure messages or other trap messages from the switch. Up to 5 trap managers may be entered. Parameter Description Trap Manager Capability Up to 5 trap managers may be used. Trap Manager IP Address IP address of the trap manager. Trap Manager Community String A community authorized to receive trap messages. Add/Remove Add/remove strings from the active list.
WEB INTERFACE Security Configuration Use the Security Configuration screen to restrict management access based on a specified password. The Administrator has write access for parameters governing the switch. You should therefore assign a password to the Administrator as soon as possible, and store it in a safe place. (If for some reason your password is lost, or you cannot gain access to the system’s configuration program, contact SMC Technical Support for assistance.
WEB INTERFACE Firmware Upgrade Options You can upgrade system firmware by performing a Web upload or a TFTP download. Note that you can also upgrade by a direct connection to the console port (see “Upgrading Firmware via the Serial Port” on page A-2). Web Upload Management Use the Web Upload Management menu to load software updates into the switch. The upload file should be an SMC8606T binary file from SMC; otherwise the switch will not accept it.
WEB INTERFACE TFTP Download Management Use the TFTP Download Management menu to load software updates into the switch. The download file should be an SMC8606T binary file from SMC; otherwise the switch will not accept it. The success of the download operation depends on the accessibility of the TFTP server and the quality of the network connection. After downloading the new software, the switch will automatically restart itself.
WEB INTERFACE Configuration Save and Restore Use the Configure screen to save the switch configuration settings to a file on a TFTP server. The file can be later downloaded to the switch to restore the switch’s settings. The success of the operation depends on the accessibility of the TFTP server and the quality of the network connection. Configuration Upload Management Use the Configuration Upload Management to save the switch configuration to a file on a TFTP sever.
WEB INTERFACE Configuration Download Management Use the Configuration Download Management to restore switch configuration settings from a file on a TFTP sever. Parameters shown on this screen are indicated in the following figure and table 3-20 Parameter Description Server IP Address IP address of a TFTP server. File Name The name of the file that contains the switch configuration settings you wish to restore.
WEB INTERFACE Address Table Configuration The Address Table contains the unicast MAC addresses and VLAN identifier associated with each port (that is, the source port associated with the address and VLAN), sorted by MAC address or VLAN. You can also clear the entire address table, or information associated with a specific address; or set the aging time for deleting inactive entries. The information displayed in the Address Table is indicated in the following figure and table.
WEB INTERFACE Parameter Description Address Table Sort Key The system displays the MAC address of each node and port whose address table includes this MAC address, the associated VLAN(s), and the address status (i.e., dynamic or static). New Static Address Use these fields to add or remove a static entry to the address table. Indicate the address, port and VLAN group when adding a new entry. 3-22 Add/Remove Adds/removes selected address. Clear Table Removes all addresses from the address table.
WEB INTERFACE STA (Spanning Tree Algorithm) The Spanning Tree Algorithm can be used to detect and disable network loops, and to provide backup links between switches, bridges or routers. This allows the switch to interact with other bridging devices (that is, STA-compliant switch, bridge or router) in your network to ensure that only one route exists between any two stations on the network. For a more detailed description of how to use this algorithm, refer to “Spanning Tree Algorithm” on page 4-2.
WEB INTERFACE Parameter Description Forward Delay The maximum time (in seconds) the root device will wait before changing states (i.e., listening to learning to forwarding). Root Port The number of the port on this switch that is closest to the root. This switch communicates with the root device through this port. If there is no root port, then this switch has been accepted as the root device of the spanning tree network.
WEB INTERFACE Parameter Description Port Status Displays the current state of this port within the spanning tree: No Link Disabled There is no valid link on the port. Port has been disabled by the user or has failed diagnostics. Blocked Port receives STA configuration messages, but does not forward packets. Listening Port will leave blocking state due to topology change, starts transmitting configuration messages, but does not yet forward packets.
WEB INTERFACE 3-26 Parameter Description Designated Port The priority and number of the port on the designated bridging device through which this switch must communicate with the root of the spanning tree.
WEB INTERFACE Spanning Tree Configuration The following figures and tables describe Bridge STA configuration. Switch Parameter Default Description Usage Enabled Enable this parameter to participate in an STA-compliant network. Priority 32,768 Device priority is used in selecting the root device, root port, and designated port. The device with the highest priority becomes the STA root device. (Remember that the lower the numeric value, the higher the priority.
WEB INTERFACE When the Switch Becomes Root Parameter Default Description Hello Time 2 The time interval (in seconds) at which the root device transmits a configuration message. The minimum value is 1. The maximum value is the lower of 10 or [(Max. Message Age / 2) -1].
WEB INTERFACE Parameter Default Max (Message) Age 20 Description The maximum time (in seconds) a device can wait without receiving a configuration message before attempting to reconfigure. All device ports (except for designated ports) should receive configuration messages at regular intervals. Any port that ages out STA information (provided in the last configuration message) becomes the designated port for the attached LAN.
WEB INTERFACE STA Port Configuration The following figure and table describe STA configuration for ports. Parameter Default Description Fast forwarding DISABLED mode Allows you to enable or disable fast forwarding for all ports on the switch. Priority Defines the priority for the use of a port in the STA algorithm. If the path cost for all ports on a switch are the same, the port with the highest priority (i.e., lowest value) will be configured as an active link in the spanning tree.
WEB INTERFACE Parameter Default Description (Path) Cost 100/19/4 This parameter is used by the STA algorithm to determine the best path between devices. Therefore, lower values should be assigned to ports attached to faster media, and higher values assigned to ports with slower media. The default and recommended range is: Standard Ethernet: 100(50~600) Fast Ethernet: 19 (10~60) Gigabit Ethernet: 4(3~10) The full range is 0 - 65535. Note: Path cost takes precedence over port priority.
WEB INTERFACE Configuring Bridge MIB Extensions The Bridge MIB includes extensions for managed devices that support Traffic Classes, Multicast Filtering and Virtual LANs. To configure these extensions, use the Extended Bridge Configuration screen as shown below: Bridge Capability Parameter Description Extended Multicast Filtering Services Indicates that the switch does not support the filtering of individual multicast addresses based on GMRP (GARP Multicast Registration Protocol).
WEB INTERFACE Bridge Settings Parameter Description Traffic Class* Multiple traffic classes are supported by this switch as indicated under Bridge Capabilities. However, you can disable this function by clearing this checkbox. GMRP* GARP Multicast Registration Protocol (GMRP) allows network devices to register endstations with multicast groups. Note that this function is not implemented in the current firmware release.
WEB INTERFACE Priority IEEE 802.1p defines up to 8 separate traffic classes. This switch supports Quality of Service (QoS) by using two priority queues, with weighted fair queuing for each port. You can use the Priority menu to configure the default priority for each port, or to display the mapping for the traffic classes as described in the following sections. Port Priority Configuration The default priority for all ingress ports is zero.
WEB INTERFACE Port Traffic Class Information This switch provides two priority levels with weighted fair queuing for port egress. This means that any frames with a default or user priority from 0-3 are sent to the low priority queue “0” while those from 4-7 are sent to the high priority queue “1” as shown in the following screen: Parameter Description Port Numeric identifier for switch port.
WEB INTERFACE Configuring Virtual LANs You can use the VLAN configuration menu to assign any port on the switch to any of up to 256 VLAN groups. In conventional networks with routers, broadcast traffic is split up into separate domains. Switches do not inherently support broadcast domains. This can lead to broadcast storms in large networks that handle a lot of IPX and NetBEUI traffic. By using IEEE 802.
WEB INTERFACE Parameter Description Current Number of 802.1Q VLANs Configured The number of VLANs currently configured on this switch. Note: All ports are assigned only to VLAN 1 by default. VLAN Current Table This screen shows the current port members of each VLAN and whether or not the port supports VLAN tagging. Ports assigned to a large VLAN group that crosses several switches should use VLAN tagging.
WEB INTERFACE Parameter Description Egress Ports Shows the ports which have been added to the displayed VLAN group. Untagged Ports Shows the untagged VLAN port members. VLAN Static List Use this screen to create or remove VLAN groups. Parameter Description Current Lists all the current VLAN groups created for this system. Up to 256 VLAN groups can be defined. To allow this switch to participate in external VLAN groups, you must use the VLAN ID for the concerned external groups.
WEB INTERFACE VLAN Static Table Use this screen to modify the settings for an existing VLAN. You can add/delete port members for a VLAN, disable or enable VLAN tagging for any port, or prevent a port from being automatically added to a VLAN via the GVRP protocol. (Note that VLAN 1 is fixed as an untagged VLAN containing all ports on the switch, and cannot be modified via this screen.) Parameter Description VLAN The ID for the VLAN currently displayed.
WEB INTERFACE Use the screens shown below to assign ports to the specified VLAN group as an IEEE 802.1Q tagged port. Assign ports as tagged if they are connected to 802.1Q VLAN compliant devices. If the port is connected to VLAN-unaware devices, frames will be passed to the untagged VLAN group to which this port has been assigned under the VLAN Port Configuration screen (page 3-41). 3-40 Parameter Description Egress Ports Adds ports to the specified VLAN.
WEB INTERFACE VLAN Static Membership by Port Use the screen shown below to assign VLAN groups to the selected port. To perform detailed port configuration for a specific VLAN, use the VLAN Static Table (page 3-39). Parameter Description Port Number Port number on the switch selected from the upper display panel. Add/Remove Add or remove selected VLAN groups for the port indicated in the Port Number field. VLAN Port Configuration Use this screen to configure port-specific settings for IEEE 802.
WEB INTERFACE Parameter Description Acceptable Frame Type1 This switch accepts “All” frame types, including VLAN tagged or VLAN untagged frames. Note that all VLAN untagged frames received on this port are assigned to the PVID for this port. Ingress Filtering1 If set to “True,” incoming frames for VLANs which do not include this port in their member set will be discarded at the inbound port. GVRP Status2 Enables or disables GVRP for this port.
WEB INTERFACE IGMP Multicast Filtering Multicasting is used to support real-time applications such as video conferencing or streaming audio. A multicast server does not have to establish a separate connection with each client. It merely broadcasts its service to the network, and any hosts that want to receive the multicast register with their local multicast switch/router.
WEB INTERFACE Configuring IGMP This protocol allows a host to inform its local switch/router that it wants to receive transmissions addressed to a specific multicast address group. Use the IGMP Configuration screen to set key parameters for multicast filtering as shown below. Parameter Description IGMP Status If enabled, the switch will monitor network traffic to determine which hosts want to receive multicast traffic.
WEB INTERFACE IP Multicast Registration Table Use the IP Multicast Registration Table to display all the multicast groups active on this switch, including multicast IP addresses and the corresponding VLAN ID. Parameter Description VLAN ID VLAN ID assigned to this multicast group. Multicast IP Address IP address for specific multicast services. Learned by Indicates the manner in which this address was learned: dynamic or IGMP.
WEB INTERFACE Port Menus Port Information The Port Information screen displays the port status, link state, the communication speed and duplex mode, as well as the flow control in use. To change any of the port settings, use the Port Configuration menu. The parameters shown in the following figure and table are for the RJ-45 ports. Parameter Description Admin Status Shows if the port is enabled or not. Link Status Indicates if the port has a valid connection to an external device.
WEB INTERFACE switch. Parameter Default Description Flow Control Mode Disabled Allows you to enable or disable flow control for all ports on the switch. Admin Status Enable Allows you to disable a port due to abnormal behavior (e.g., excessive collisions), and then re-enable it after the problem has been resolved. You may also disable a port for security reasons. Duplex Status Auto-Negotiatio Used to set the current port duplex mode n or auto-negotiation. The default is auto-negotiation.
WEB INTERFACE Port Broadcast Storm Protect Configuration Use the Port Broadcast Storm Protect Configuration screen to configure broadcast storm control for any port on the switch 3-48 Parameter Default Description Broadcast Storm Protect Mode Enabled Allows you to enable/disable broadcast storm control for all ports on the switch. Protect Status Enabled Enables/disables broadcast control for the port.
WEB INTERFACE Port Security Configuration Use the Port Security Configuration screen to enable and configure port security for the switch. Port Security allows you to configure each port with a list of MAC addresses of devices that are authorized to access the network through that port. Parameter Description Port Number The port number on the unit. Status Port security can set to three states; Static, Disable, or Learning.
WEB INTERFACE Using a Port Mirror for Analysis You can mirror traffic from any source port to a target port for real-time analysis. You can then attach a network sniffer or RMON probe to the target port and study the traffic crossing the source port in a completely unobtrusive manner. When mirroring port traffic, note that the target port must be configured in the same VLAN and be operating at the same duplex mode as the source port (see VLAN Static List on page 3-38).
WEB INTERFACE Port Trunk Configuration Port trunks can be used to increase the bandwidth of a network connection or to ensure fault recovery. You can configure up to four trunk connections (combining 2~4 ports into a fat pipe) between any two SMC8606T switches. However, before making any physical connections between devices, use the Trunk Configuration menu to specify the trunk on the devices at both ends. When using a port trunk, note that: • Ports can only be assigned to one trunk.
WEB INTERFACE Use the Port Trunking Configuration screen to set up port trunks as shown below. Remember that you must “Enable” a new configuration before it will take effect. 3-52 Parameter Description Trunk Number A unique identifier for this trunk. You can configure up to four trunks per switch. Port The port members of this trunk. Select from 2-4 ports per trunk.
WEB INTERFACE Port Statistics Use the Port Statistics menu to display Etherlike or RMON statistics for any port on the switch. Select the required port. The statistics displayed are indicated in the following figure and table. Etherlike Statistics Etherlike Statistics display key statistics from the Ethernet-like MIB for each port. Error statistics on the traffic passing through each port are displayed.
WEB INTERFACE Parameter Description Deferred Transmissions* A count of frames for which the first transmission attempt on a particular interface is delayed because the medium was busy. Late Collisions The number of times that a collision is detected later than 512 bit-times into the transmission of a packet. Excessive Collisions* The number of frames for which transmission failed due to excessive collisions.
WEB INTERFACE RMON Statistics RMON Statistics display key statistics for each port from RMON group 1. (RMON groups 2, 3 and 9 can only be accessed using SNMP management software.) The following screen displays overall statistics on traffic passing through each port. RMON statistics provide access to a broad range of statistics, including a total count of different frame types passing through each port. Values displayed have been accumulated since the last system reboot.
WEB INTERFACE Parameter Description Oversize Frames The total number of frames received that were longer than 1518 octets (excluding framing bits, but including FCS octets) and were otherwise well formed. Fragments The total number of frames received that were less than 64 octets in length (excluding framing bits, but including FCS octets) and had either an FCS or alignment error.
CHAPTER 4 ADVANCED TOPICS This TigerSwitch 1000 supports Layer 2 switching and other advanced features, which are described in this chapter. Layer 2 Switching When a frame enters a port, its destination MAC address is checked in the address database to see which port leads to this destination. If the destination address belongs to the incoming port, the frame is dropped or “filtered” because it addressed to the local segment.
ADVANCED TOPICS Spanning Tree Algorithm The Spanning Tree Algorithm (that is, the STA configuration algorithm as outlined in IEEE 802.1D) can be used to detect and disable network loops, and to provide link backup. This allows the switch to interact with other bridging devices (including STA-compliant switches, bridges or routers) in your network to ensure that only one route exists between any two stations on the network.
ADVANCED TOPICS The following figure gives an illustration of how the Spanning Tree Algorithm assigns bridging device ports. Virtual LANs Switches do not inherently support broadcast domains, which can lead to broadcast storms in large networks that handle a lot of IPX or NetBeui traffic. In conventional networks with routers, broadcast traffic is split up into physically separate domains to confine broadcast traffic to the originating group and provide a much cleaner network environment.
ADVANCED TOPICS traffic, but also allow you to make network changes without having to update IP addresses or IP subnets. VLANs inherently provide a high level of network security, since traffic must pass through a Layer 3 switch or a router to reach a different VLAN. This switch supports the following VLAN features: • Up to 256 VLANs based on the IEEE 802.
ADVANCED TOPICS port. Therefore, to make valid forwarding and flooding decisions, the switch learns the relationship of the MAC address to its related port—and thus to the VLAN—at run-time. When the switch receives a frame, it assigns the frame to the port’s default VLAN if the frame is untagged (determined by the PVID of the receiving port), or maps it for output to the broadcast domain associated with the frame’s VLAN tag.
ADVANCED TOPICS Connecting VLAN Groups The switch supports intra-VLAN communication using wire-speed switching. However, if you have devices in separate VLANs that must communicate, and it is not practical to include these devices in a common VLAN, then the VLANs can be connected via a Layer 3 switch (such as the SMC6724L3) or a router. Multicast Filtering Multicasting sends data to a group of nodes instead of a single destination.
ADVANCED TOPICS nodes join or leave multicast groups. A switch or router can then easily determine which ports contain group members and send data out to those ports only. This procedure is called multicast filtering. The purpose of multicast filtering is to optimize a switched network’s performance, so multicast packets will only be forwarded to those ports containing multicast group hosts or multicast routers/switches instead of flooding to all ports in the subnet (VLAN).
ADVANCED TOPICS Based on the group membership information learned from IGMP, a router/switch can determine which (if any) multicast traffic needs to be forwarded to each of its ports. At Layer 3, multicast routers use this information, along with a multicast routing protocol such as DVMRP, to support IP multicasting across the Internet. Note that IGMP neither alters nor routes any IP multicast packets. A multicast router/switch must be used to deliver IP multicast packets across different subnetworks.
ADVANCED TOPICS Port Trunks Ports can be combined into an aggregate link to increase the bandwidth of a network connection or ensure fault recovery. You can group ports into trunks that consist of two, three or four ports, creating an aggregate bandwidth up to 8 Gbps. Besides balancing the load across each port in the trunk, the additional ports provide redundancy by taking over the load if another port in the trunk should fail.
ADVANCED TOPICS manager, log manager, MIB browser, RMON analysis tools, and device management modules. SMC also provides optional plug-in device management modules for HP OpenView. Remote Monitoring Remote Monitoring (RMON) provides a cost-effective way to monitor large networks by placing embedded or external probes on distributed network equipment (hubs, switches or routers).
ADVANCED TOPICS other unusual events. Historical information can also be used to predict network growth and plan for expansion before your network becomes too overloaded. Alarms: Can be set to test data over any specified time interval, and can monitor absolute or changing values (such as a statistical counter reaching a specific value, or a statistic changing by a certain amount over the set interval). Alarms can be set to respond to either rising or falling thresholds.
ADVANCED TOPICS 4-12
APPENDIX A TROUBLESHOOTING Troubleshooting Chart Troubleshooting Chart Symptom Action Cannot connect using Telnet, Web browser, or SNMP software • Be sure to have configured the agent with a valid IP address, subnet mask and default gateway. • Check that you have a valid network connection to the switch and that the port you are using has not been disabled. • Check network cabling between the management station and the switch.
TROUBLESHOOTING Upgrading Firmware via the Serial Port You can upgrade system firmware by connecting your computer to the serial port on the switch, and using a console interface package that supports the XModem protocol. (See “Required Connections” on page 1-2.) 1. Restart the system by using the Restart System command or resetting the power by pulling out the power cord, waiting five seconds, and plugging it back in. 2.
TROUBLESHOOTING 3. Change your baud rate to 115200 bps, and press Enter to enable download mode. From the terminal emulation program, select the file you want to download, set the protocol to XModem, and then initialize downloading. Notes: 1. If you use Windows HyperTerminal, disconnect reconnect to enable the new baud rate. and 2. The download file should be an SMC8606T binary file from SMC; otherwise the agent will not accept it. The file naming convention is: Runtime program: Agent-Vx.
TROUBLESHOOTING A-4
APPENDIX B PIN ASSIGNMENTS Console Port Pin Assignments The DB-9 serial port on the switch’s rear panel is used to connect to the switch for out-of-band console configuration. The on-board menu-driven configuration program can be accessed from a terminal, a PC running a terminal emulation program, or from a remote location via a modem connection. The pin assignments used to connect to the serial port are provided in the following tables. Figure B-1.
PIN ASSIGNMENTS DB-9 Port Pin Assignments EIA Circuit CF BB BA CD AB CC CA CB CE CCITT Signal 109 104 103 108.
PIN ASSIGNMENTS Console Port to 25-Pin DTE Port on PC Switch’s 9-Pin Serial Port 1 DCD 2 RXD 3 TXD 4 DTR 5 SGND 6 DSR 7 RTS 8 CTS 9 RI Null Modem 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 20 1 3 2 8 20 7 4 5 6 PC’s 25-Pin DTE Port 8 DCD 3 TXD 2 RXD 20 DTR 7 SGND 6 DSR 4 RTS 5 CTS 22 RI B-3
PIN ASSIGNMENTS B-4
GLOSSARY Bandwidth Utilization The percentage of packets received over time as compared to overall bandwidth. BOOTP Boot protocol used to load the operating system for devices connected to the network. GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP) Defines a way for switches to exchange VLAN information in order to register necessary VLAN members on ports along the Spanning Tree so that VLANs defined in each switch can work automatically over a Spanning Tree network.
GLOSSARY IEEE 802.1D Specifies a general method for the operation of MAC bridges, including the Spanning Tree Protocol. IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Tagging defines Ethernet frame tags which carry VLAN information. It allows switches to assign end-stations to different virtual LANs, and defines a standard way for VLANs to communicate across switched networks. IEEE 802.3ac Defines frame extensions for VLAN tagging. In-Band Management Management of the network from a station that is attached to the network.
GLOSSARY Port Trunk Defines network link aggregation and trunking standards which specify how to create a single high-speed logical link that combines several lower-speed physical links. Remote Monitoring (RMON) RMON provides comprehensive network monitoring capabilities. It eliminates the polling required in standard SNMP, and can set alarms on a variety of traffic conditions, including specific errors types.
GLOSSARY Virtual LAN (VLAN) A Virtual LAN is a collection of network nodes that share the same collision domain regardless of their physical location or connection point in the network. A VLAN serves as a logical workgroup with no physical barriers, allowing users to share information and resources as though located on the same LAN. XModem A protocol used to transfer files between devices. Data is grouped in 128-byte blocks and error-corrected.
INDEX Numerics D 802.1p port priority 4-8 802.
INDEX multicast filtering 2-42 L Layer 2 switching 4-1 link aggregation 4-9 log-in console interface 2-1 Web interface 3-2 M MAC address of agent 3-12 main boad information 3-10 main menu 2-2, 3-7 description 3-7 management firmware upgrades 3-16 options 1-1 software, SNMP 4-9 using SNMP 3-13 MIB extensions, configuring 3-29 mirror port configuration 3-47 modem connections 1-3 multicast filtering 4-6 multicast filtering configuring 3-40 N network management station access 3-13 O out-of-band connection 1
INDEX Simple Network Management Protocol See SNMP SNMP 4-9 community 2-18, 3-13 configuration 3-13 management 1-4 software downloads A-2 sofware upgrades 3-16 Spanning Tree Algorithm, see STA STA 2-30, 3-22, 4-2 statistics Etherlike 3-50 RMON 3-52 switch information 2-7, 3-10 switching, Layer 2 4-1 system information 2-6, 3-9 T tagged ports 4-4 VLANs 3-34, 3-37, 4-5 Telnet sessions, maximum number of 3-12 TFTP configuration for downloads 2-22 protocol 2-22 timeout, console 3-6 traffic classes configuration
INDEX Index-182
FOR TECHNICAL SUPPORT, CALL: From U.S.A. and Canada (24 hours, 7 days a week) (800) SMC-4-YOU; (949) 707-2400; (949) 707-2460 (Fax) From Europe (8:00 AM - 5:30 PM UK Greenwich Mean Time) 44 (0) 1189 748740; 44 (0) 1189 748741 (Fax) INTERNET E-mail addresses: techsupport@smc.com european.techsupport@smc-europe.com Driver updates: http://www.smc.com/support.html World Wide Web: http://www.smc.com/ FOR LITERATURE OR ADVERTISING RESPONSE, CALL: U.S.A.