USER'S GUIDE Vaisala WINDCAP® Ultrasonic Wind Sensor Series WMT700 M211095EN-C
PUBLISHED BY Vaisala Oyj P.O. Box 26 FI-00421 Helsinki Finland Phone (int.): +358 9 8949 1 Fax: +358 9 8949 2227 Visit our Internet pages at www.vaisala.com. © Vaisala 2011 No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical (including photocopying), nor may its contents be communicated to a third party without prior written permission of the copyright holder. The contents are subject to change without prior notice.
________________________________________________________________________________ Table of Contents CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INFORMATION............................................................................ 9 About This Manual ................................................................... 9 Contents of This Manual ....................................................... 9 Version Information ............................................................. 10 Related Manuals ................................
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Checklist for Connection Cables .........................................47 Alignment.............................................................................48 Alignment tuning.............................................................50 Installing Bird Cage .............................................................50 Wiring.......................................................................................
________________________________________________________________________________ CLEARERR — Reset Error Codes and Counts.................. 79 POLL — Get Message ........................................................ 80 RESET — Reset CPU......................................................... 80 Information Commands ......................................................... 80 ? — Display Command Set................................................. 80 H — Display Help and Messages .........................
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ CHAPTER 10 TECHNICAL DATA ....................................................................................115 Dimensions ...........................................................................119 APPENDIX A COMPLETE COMMAND SET FOR WMT700............................................121 APPENDIX B TYPICAL SYSTEM ENVIRONMENTS.......................................................
________________________________________________________________________________ List of Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 Figure 15 Figure 16 Figure 17 Figure 18 Figure 19 Figure 20 Figure 21 Figure 22 Figure 23 Figure 24 Figure 25 Figure 26 Figure 27 Figure 28 Figure 29 Figure 30 Figure 31 Figure 32 Figure 33 Figure 34 Figure 35 Figure 36 WMT700 Wind Sensor ...........................................
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________________________________________________________________________________ List of Tables Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 Table 4 Table 5 Table 6 Table 7 Table 8 Table 9 Table 10 Table 11 Table 12 Table 13 Table 14 Table 15 Table 16 Table 17 Table 18 Table 19 Table 20 Table 21 Table 22 Table 23 Table 24 Table 25 Table 26 Table 27 Table 28 Table 29 Table 30 Table 31 Table 32 Table 33 Table 34 Manual Revisions ..................................................................... 10 Related Manuals ...........
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Chapter 1 ________________________________________________________ General Information CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INFORMATION This chapter provides general notes for the manual and the WMT700 series. About This Manual This manual provides information for installing, operating, and maintaining Vaisala WINDCAP® Ultrasonic Wind Sensors WMT701, WMT702, and WMT703.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ - Chapter 9, Troubleshooting, describes common problems, their probable causes and remedies, and provides contact information for technical support. - Chapter 10, Technical Data, provides the technical data of WMT700. - Appendix A, Complete Command Set for WMT700, lists all the commands available for WMT700. - Appendix B, Typical System Environments, lists the most typical WMT700 system environments.
Chapter 1 ________________________________________________________ General Information Documentation Conventions Throughout the manual, important safety considerations are highlighted as follows: WARNING Warning alerts you to a serious hazard. If you do not read and follow instructions very carefully at this point, there is a risk of injury or even death. CAUTION Caution warns you of a potential hazard.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ WARNING Make sure that you connect only de-energized wires. WARNING Using a long cable between different units (sensors, transmitters, power supplies, and displays) can cause a lethal surge voltage, if a lightning strike occurs in the vicinity. Always apply proper grounding procedures and follow the requirements of the local Electrical Code.
Chapter 1 ________________________________________________________ General Information Recycling Recycle all applicable material. Dispose of batteries and the unit according to statutory regulations. Do not dispose of with regular household refuse.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Table 4 Electromagnetic Compatibility Tests Test Setup According to Conducted RF immunity IEC 61000-4-6 EFT immunity IEC 61000-4-4 Surge immunity IEC 61000-4-5 ESD immunity IEC 61000-4-2 High voltage (Dielectric tests) IEC 60947-2 Conducted emissions 1) CISPR 22 Radiated emissions CISPR 22 RF field immunity IEC 61000-4-3 Insulation resistance IEC 60092-504 1) Limits according to IEC 60945: Maritime navigation and radiocommun
Chapter 2 __________________________________________________________ Product Overview CHAPTER 2 PRODUCT OVERVIEW This chapter introduces the features, advantages, and the product nomenclature of WMT701, WMT702, and WMT703. NOTE In this manual WMT700 series wind sensors WMT701, WMT702 and WMT703 are commonly referred to as WMT700. Introduction to WMT700 Vaisala WINDCAP® Ultrasonic Wind Sensor WMT700 measures wind speed and direction and sends the measurement results to data acquisition systems.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ user also has a wide range of configuration options for the wind sensor and the measurement settings. WMT700 can be equipped with accessories to tailor the instrument to match to different user-specific needs. The accessories include a bird deterrent solution and a field usable calibration verifier.
Chapter 2 __________________________________________________________ Product Overview 1104-065 Figure 2 WMT700 Wind Sensor from Below The following numbers refer to Figure 2 above: 1 = Waterproof vent 2 = Mounting adapter screw (3pcs, 4mm Allen key) 3 = 17-pin M23 male connector NOTE Do not open the sensor. There are no user-serviceable parts inside.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ 1104-064 Figure 3 FIX70 Mounting Kit The following numbers refer to Figure 3 above: FIX70 consists of : 1 = Fix body 2 = Removable mast guide with mounting hardware 3 = Mounting hardware (M6 nuts, washers type ) 4 = U bolts for ø30 mm mast (2 pcs) 5 = U bolts for ø60 mm mast (2 pcs) 18 __________________________________________________________________ M211095EN-C
Chapter 2 __________________________________________________________ Product Overview Ordering Options for WMT700 Series When ordering the product, select either WMT701, WMT702, or WMT703 according to your specific measurement needs and operating conditions. Table 5 below lists the main characteristics of WMT701, WMT702, and WMT703.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Accessories WMT700 can be tailored to the need with several accessories. The accessories include, for example, several mounting adapters for different mast diameters, cables for different host systems and preferred communication types, bird prevention and field calibration kits.
Chapter 2 __________________________________________________________ Product Overview Bird Cage Vaisala recommends using the optional bird cage in areas with large bird populations. The cage is designed to prevent large birds from disturbing the measurement. It has been tested in a wind tunnel with wind speeds of up to 40 m/s without noticeable effects on the wind speed and direction measurement.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ WM Verifier The optional verifier is a small echo-free chamber for testing the mechanical integrity of WMT700 and performing one-point calibration. The verifier ensures that the array is undamaged and the transducers are parallel to each other. You can perform the verifier test in a laboratory or in the field. For instructions on performing the verifier test, see section Testing Proper Operation on page 106.
Chapter 2 __________________________________________________________ Product Overview Cables Select the required cables according to your operating environment.
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Chapter 3 ______________________________________________________ Functional Description CHAPTER 3 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION This chapter describes the functionality of WMT700. Operating Principle WMT700 uses the Vaisala WINDCAP® ultrasonic sensor technology in wind measurement. The sensor has an onboard microcontroller that captures and processes data and communicates over serial interfaces. The wind sensor has an array of three equally spaced ultrasonic transducers on a horizontal plane.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ 1005-007 Figure 6 Ultrasonic Measurement Principle The following numbers refer to Figure 6 above: 1 = Ultrasonic measurement with zero wind. 2 = Impact of tail wind on ultrasonic measurement. 3 = Impact of head wind on ultrasonic measurement.
Chapter 3 ______________________________________________________ Functional Description The microprocessor of the microcontroller calculates WS from the measured transit times using the following formula: VW 0.5 L (1/t f 1 / t r ) where Vw = Wind velocity L = The distance between two transducers tf = The transit time in the forward direction tr = The transit time in the reverse direction Measuring the six transit times allows Vw to be computed for each of the three ultrasonic paths.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ The vectors are calculated as follows: Va 0.5 La (1/A 1 1 / A 2 ) Vb 0.5 Lb (1/A 3 1 / A 4 ) Vc 0.5 Lc (1/A 5 1 / A 6 ) The equation depends on the accurate distance of the measurement path (L).
Chapter 3 ______________________________________________________ Functional Description Figure 8 below shows examples of wind speed and direction presentations. North x y West East WD WS South 0212-044 Figure 8 Different Wind Speed and Direction Presentations Wind Speed and Direction Averaging Overview WMT700 provides average values for wind speed and direction using either scalar or vector averaging. With both methods, the average is determined according to the user-configurable averaging time.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Scalar Averaging When scalar averaging has been selected, WMT700 calculates wind speed and direction averages by adding up each wind measurement from the averaging time and then dividing the sum by the number of measurements. The time between each consecutive wind speed and wind direction measurement is 0.25 seconds.
Chapter 3 ______________________________________________________ Functional Description 1005-024 Figure 9 Example of Wind Direction Averaging Wind Direction Coasting Accurate wind direction measurement requires that the wind speed is at a sufficient level. If you enable wind direction coasting, WMT700 does not calculate wind direction when the wind speed drops below the selected wind direction coasting threshold.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Measurement Methods WMT700 measures wind speed and direction either continuously or for the duration of the user-configurable averaging time. You can select the measurement mode over the serial interface. Continuous Measurement You can set WMT700 to measure wind data continuously until the sensor receives the STOP command.
Chapter 3 ______________________________________________________ Functional Description Host System Connections and Interfaces WMT700 always needs a host device for measurement data collection and presentation. The host device is usually an automatic weather station, but other host devices such as data loggers or personal computers can also be easily used. WMT700 performs calculation, quality control, and data format procedures on the measurement data.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Figure 10 NOTE External Interfaces of WMT700 For examples of typical system environments for WMT700, see Appendix B, Typical System Environments, on page 123.
Chapter 4 _______________________________________________________________ Installation CHAPTER 4 INSTALLATION This chapter contains information that is needed to install WMT700 with the FIX70 mounting kit. NOTE If you are upgrading from WS425 to WMT700 and using a WS425 mounting kit, see Upgrading from Vaisala WINDCAP® Ultrasonic Wind Sensor WS425 to WMT700 Technical Reference.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Figure 11 below. Note that you should follow application-specific installation guidelines. When mounting two WMT700s at the same height, make sure that there is a minimum of 10 meters of distance between the two devices. If the difference in the height of the sensors is at least 0.5 meters, it is enough to have a minimum distance of 2 meters between the two devices to avoid possible acoustical interference between them.
Chapter 4 _______________________________________________________________ Installation 1005-001 Figure 12 Recommended Mast Length for WMT700 on Top of Building where: h = Recommended minimum height for the vertical mast. H = Height of the building. W = Diagonal of the building. WARNING To protect personnel (and the wind sensor), a lightning rod must be installed with the tip at least one meter above WMT700. The rod must be properly grounded, compliant with all local applicable safety regulations.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Figure 13 Minimum Distance between two WMT700s Installed at Same Height Installation Procedure At the measurement site, WMT700 needs to be mounted, aligned, and connected to the power source and data acquisition system. You can install the optional bird cage after the wind sensor has been mounted and the transportation damper has been removed from the sensor. For instructions, see section Installing Bird Cage on page 50.
Chapter 4 _______________________________________________________________ Installation 1005-004 Figure 14 WMT700 Sensor Handling Unpacking Instructions WMT700 is shipped in a cardboard custom container with plastic transportation dampers. One of the dampers protects the wind sensor body, while the other shields the array and the transducers. See Figure 15 on page 40. When unpacking the wind sensor, remove the transportation damper that protects the sensor body.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ 1005-025 Figure 15 NOTE WMT700 and Transportation Damper Save the container and all the packaging materials for future transporting or shipping. Mounting You can mount WMT700 either to a vertical pole mast or a horizontal cross arm. Each of the mounting options is further described in the following sections. For information on the dimensions of WMT700, see Dimensions on page 119.
Chapter 4 _______________________________________________________________ Installation Figure 16 on page 42 and Figure 17 on page 43 show the mounting procedure. To mount WMT700 on a pole mast: 1. Attach the FIX70 mounting kit either to the side or on top of the vertical pole mast with U bolts (provided). Insert the U bolts to the horizontal slots of the FIX70 mounting kit, see number 4 in Figure 16 on page 42 and Figure 17 on page 43. 2. Check that the mounting kit is not tilted to either side.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ 1006-077 Figure 16 WMT700 on Side of Pole Mast The following numbers refer to Figure 16 above: 1 2 3 4 = = = = FIX70 mounting kit WMT700 wind sensor Mounting screw in final position U bolt and a nut (M8DIN934-A4) in horizontal slot 42 __________________________________________________________________ M211095EN-C
Chapter 4 _______________________________________________________________ Installation 1006-078 Figure 17 WMT700 on Top of Pole Mast The following numbers refer to Figure 17 above: 1 = 2 = 3 = 4 = 5 = WMT700 wind sensor Mounting screw in final position North arrow U bolt and a nut (M8DIN934-A4) in horizontal slot FIX70 mounting kit VAISALA _______________________________________________________________________ 43
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Mounting on Horizontal Cross Arm When mounting WMT700 to a cross arm, the wind sensor can be placed with the array facing up or down. Mounting WMT700 with the array facing down provides additional protection against the accumulation of snow and interference from birds. The adapter drains located at the bottom of WMT700 prevent water from accumulating inside the mounting adapter.
Chapter 4 _______________________________________________________________ Installation 1006-079 Figure 18 WMT700 on Cross Arm with Array Facing Up The following numbers refer to Figure 18 above: 1 = 2 = 3 = 4 = 5 = 6 = WMT700 wind sensor Mounting adapter FIX70 mounting kit Mounting screw in final position U bolt and a nut (M8DIN934-A4) in vertical slot North arrow VAISALA _______________________________________________________________________ 45
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ 1006-080 Figure 19 WMT700 on Cross Arm with Array Facing Down The following numbers refer to Figure 19 above: 1 2 = = FIX70 mounting kit. WMT700 wind sensor.
Chapter 4 _______________________________________________________________ Installation 1103-054 Figure 20 Tightening the Connector The following number refers to Figure 20 above: 1 = Tighten the connector by rotating the ribbed part of the connector by hand. DO NOT USE TOOLS. NOTE Verify that the connector is properly tightened to avoid water leakage and damage to the sensor. If water leaks into the connector, this voids the warranty for WMT700.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ WARNING Make sure that you connect only de-energized wires. WARNING Using a long cable between different units (sensors, transmitters, power supplies, and displays) can cause a lethal surge voltage, if a lightning strike occurs in the vicinity. Always apply proper grounding procedures and follow the requirements of the local Electrical Code.
Chapter 4 _______________________________________________________________ Installation 0208-025 Figure 21 Correctly Aligned WMT700 1001-018 Figure 22 Incorrectly Aligned WMT700 and Resulting Offset Error where N = The correct direction for true north. α = The wind direction offset error caused by the misalignment of WMT700.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Alignment tuning If mechanical alignment of WMT700 cannot be done, you can correct the wind direction offset error using an offset adjustment command. For instructions, see Configuration Parameters on page 129. Installing Bird Cage To install the bird cage, you need to position the bird cage on top of the wind sensor and secure the kit with two straps.
Chapter 4 _______________________________________________________________ Installation 1104-086 Figure 23 Bird Cage and Bird Cage Straps The following numbers refer to Figure 23 above: 1 2 3 4 5 = = = = = Bird cage Bird cage straps Wind sensor Guide for attaching the straps Latch for securing the straps VAISALA _______________________________________________________________________ 51
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Wiring The 17-pin M23 male connector is located at the bottom of the WMT700 sensor. The connector is used for power supply, digital communications, and analog outputs. The signals related to digital communications are galvanically separated from the ground. The connector type is Hummel 7.106 series. Cables Ready-made cables are available for use with Vaisala MAWS and AWS520 systems. These cables have connectors on both ends.
Chapter 4 _______________________________________________________________ Installation Cable 2m and Cable 10m Table 8 below shows how to connect Cable 2m (227567SP) and Cable 10m (227568SP).
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Note for wiring RS485 for COM2 In RS485 mode, the same signals as in RS422 mode are available at the end of Cable 2m and Cable 10m. Make two-wire loop-backs at the end of the cable, as shown in Table 9 and Figure 24 below.
Chapter 4 _______________________________________________________________ Installation Table 10 Connecting RS485 Cable 2m (228259SP) and RS485 Cable 10m (228260SP) Power Supply Operating Power Supply Wire Colors White Pin 1 Operating Power Supply Ground Heater Power Supply Heater Power Supply Ground Enclosure Ground Gray-Pink Gray, Green, Pink Blue, Black, Red, Yellow Shield 11 5, 6 7, 8 Shield COM2 RS485, B RS485, A Communications Ground Brown Red-Blue Violet 3,4 14, 15 10 Connector Signals Fig
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ 1103-061 Figure 25 Pins for 17-pin M23 Connector Table 11 Pin-out for 17-pin M23 Connector Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Description RS-232 RS-422 RS-485 Operating Power Supply Analog output AOUT2, Wind Direction RS232Rx RxB RxB COM2 RS232Tx TxB TxB Heater Power Supply Heater Power Supply Heater Power Supply Ground Heater Power Supply Ground COM1 (Service Port) RS-485, B COM1 and COM2 Communication Ports Gro
Chapter 4 _______________________________________________________________ Installation Heating WMT700 can include a heating functionality that ensures proper operation in cold environmental conditions or in cases where snow and ice build-up is possible. In addition to the standard non-heated version, WMT700 can be preconfigured at the factory according to your order: - Heating for the transducers only - Heating for both transducers and array arms.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Heated Transducers and Arms In addition to heated transducers, the array arms can also be heated, which prevents ice build-up on the arms. The functional principle is the same as with the heated transducers only, but the maximum heating power is limited to 200W and the average heating power is limited to 150W. WARNING Some WMT700 product versions provide heating for transducers and/or array arms.
Chapter 4 _______________________________________________________________ Installation 1104-054 Figure 26 WMT700 Operating Supply Current Consumption 1104-055 Figure 27 WMT700 Operating Supply Power Consumption VAISALA _______________________________________________________________________ 59
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Heating Power Table 12 below lists the power supply requirements of each WMT700 heating option. Table 12 Heating Power Supply Requirements for WMT700 Series Heating Option Heating Voltage None Transducers Transducers and arms 24/36 VDC Required Heating Power Supply 40 W 24 VDC 200 W Table 13 below lists the required dimensions for the heating supply cabling, if extension is needed.
Chapter 5 _______________________________________ Serial Communication and Analog Output CHAPTER 5 SERIAL COMMUNICATION AND ANALOG OUTPUT This chapter contains general information on serial communication and analog output when using WMT700.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Digital Communication Interface COM2 is a flexible digital communication interface that is preconfigured according to your order. The available options are: - RS-232 RS-485 RS-422 SDI-12 COM1 is a fixed RS-485 communication interface intended to be used as a service port. Regardless of the factory configuration, COM2 interface type can be changed by using terminal software. See com2_interf in Appendix D on page 129.
Chapter 5 _______________________________________ Serial Communication and Analog Output The ROSA - MES12 profile is intended for connecting WMT700 to Vaisala ROSA system. The WS425 profiles can be used when upgrading from the WS425 wind sensor to WMT700. For a list of the serial commands available for all communication profiles supported by WMT700, see Appendix A, Complete Command Set for WMT700 on page 121.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Figure 28 below shows the configuration and measurement modes of both serial ports provided by WMT700. 1001-111 Figure 28 Configuration and Measurement Modes for WMT700 After power-up WMT700 is in measurement mode. To change settings, use the OPEN command to enter configuration mode. When you have changed the settings, use the CLOSE command to exit configuration mode.
Chapter 5 _______________________________________ Serial Communication and Analog Output 1002-050 Figure 29 Timing for RS-232, RS-485, and RS-422 Interfaces The response delay t2 is user-configurable. In configuration mode some commands have a longer response delay. - SDI-12 interface: The timing is compliant with the SDI-12 standard. For the complete SDI-12 standard text, see the SDI-12 website http://www.sdi-12.org.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Analog Output Types Analog output for Wind Speed (AOUT1) can be configured as: - Voltage output. - Current output. - Frequency output. Analog output for Wind Direction (AOUT2) can be configured as: - Voltage output. - Current output. - Potentiometer output. Analog Output Scaling You can specify the transfer function between measured values and output analog values.
Chapter 5 _______________________________________ Serial Communication and Analog Output Table 15 below and Table 16 below list the most common settings for different units. Table 15 Output Signal Voltage Current Frequency Common Transfer Function Settings for AOUT1 (WS) Scaling/ Units 8 mV / mph 100 mV / m/s 0.2 mA / m/s 5 Hz / mph 10 Hz / m/s WS425 - voltage 8 mV / mph WS425 - frequency 5 Hz / mph Table 16 Output Signal Voltage Setting for Gain 0.01789 0.1 0.0002 11.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Example 1 - Output mode: voltage - Offset: 0.0 - Gain: 0.1 With the above settings, the analog output voltage range is from 0 V (0 m/s) to 7.5 V (75 m/s). When the measured wind speed is 10 m/s, the output voltage is 1.0 V. See the formula below: Output = 0.0 + 10 × 0.1 = 1.0 V Example 2 - Output mode: current - Offset: 0.004 - Gain: 0.
Chapter 5 _______________________________________ Serial Communication and Analog Output Missing Readings and Error Indication If WMT700 is not able to measure the wind, it indicates a missing reading in the output. Most common reasons for measurement problems are foreign objects (such as ice, birds, or other foreign object) on the line of measurement or sound reflections from nearby objects (such as wind tunnel walls).
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Chapter 6 ____________________________________________________ Configuration commands CHAPTER 6 CONFIGURATION COMMANDS This chapter contains information on WMT700 configuration commands and parameters. NOTE You have chosen the initial settings for WMT700 when placing the order. In case you want to check and/or change the settings, see the instructions in this chapter. Otherwise, you can start using WMT700 directly after the installation. For operating instructions, see Chapter 7, Operation, on page 91.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ At the end of each command, press ENTER to execute the command. For a successful execution, the following combinations of Carriage Return and Line Feed are accepted: - - - You can send commands at any Baud rate. The command is executed when end-of-line character is received. If messages have been enabled, WMT700 responds to an invalid command with an error message.
Chapter 6 ____________________________________________________ Configuration commands Prerequisites for Serial Connection To update WMT700 settings through a serial connection the following prerequisites are needed: - PC with a serial port. - Required cables for serial connection. For more information, see section Cables on page 23. - Any terminal program, such as Tera Term or Windows® HyperTerminal.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Mode Switching Commands OPEN — Entering Configuration Mode 1. Switch the sensor power supply on. The following information is displayed: wmt700 v. Wait for 4 seconds. Then use the following command to enter configuration mode: $0OPEN 2.
Chapter 6 ____________________________________________________ Configuration commands mode with the ERRORS command, see section ERRORS — Get Error Codes and Counts on page 78. NOTE Do not switch the power supply off immediately after the S command. Power should be on for at least 5 seconds after the S command, or the updated parameters values are not saved. S x,y where x y = = Any parameter in Table 18 on page 82. Value of the parameter.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ G — Get Parameter This command shows the values of the configuration parameters. You can either display all parameter values or only certain values. For a list of available parameters, see Table 18 on page 82. Get All Parameters You can use the G command to view all parameter values if you do not specify any parameters in the command. G Get Specified Parameters You can use the G command to view specified parameter values.
Chapter 6 ____________________________________________________ Configuration commands NOTE There is a 100-millisecond delay after which WMT700 takes the settings into use. Do not send commands to WMT700 during this time.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ START — Start Continuous Measurement This command starts continuous wind measurement. Continuous measurement starts when you exit configuration mode or restart WMT700. You can retrieve data with a polling command or configure WMT700 to send data messages at selected intervals. You can set the interval for automatic messages with the autoInt parameter.
Chapter 6 ____________________________________________________ Configuration commands ERRORS The response is the following: a,b,c,d,e,f where a b c d e f = = = = = = Number of events since latest reset. The code for the first event since latest reset. The code for the most recent event. Number of errors since latest reset. The code for the first error since latest reset. The code for the most recent error.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ POLL — Get Message This command fetches the latest measurement data from WMT700. You need to specify the data message format in the command. NOTE Vaisala recommends that you only use this command for testing data connections. To fetch measurement data for other purposes, switch the serial port to measurement mode. The polling command in the measurement mode depends on the selected profile.
Chapter 6 ____________________________________________________ Configuration commands VERSION — Show Firmware Version This command displays the label and version of the WMT700 software. VERSION WIND_GET — Get Calibration Data This command fetches the WMT700 calibration date and other calibration data. This information is mostly intended for Vaisala technical support. WIND_GET Configuration Parameters There are a number of parameters affecting WMT700 functionality.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Table 18 Parameter address autoInt autoPort autoSend startDelay com1_baud com1_data com1_parity com1_stop com1_delay com1_protocol com2_baud com2_data com2_parity com2_stop com2_delay com2_protocol com2_interf msg1 msg2 msg3 msg4 heaterOn messages sleepTime wndAvg wndCoast wndCover wndDirOffset wndGustTime wndOrientation wndUnit wndVector aoErrValue aout1_g aout1_o aout1maxv aout1minv aout1mode aout2_g aout2_o aout2maxv aout2m
Chapter 6 ____________________________________________________ Configuration commands NOTE In automatic message mode, to initiate continuous measurement, use the START command. See START — Start Continuous Measurement on page 78 User-Configurable Data Messages You can define new data messages for automatic messaging or polling with the WMT700 profile. Each item in a user-configurable data message string consists of 2 characters after the \ character. For example, the item for wind speed is \ws.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Items for Data Messages The user-configurable data messages can contain wind measurement, control character, check sum, and monitoring items. Configure new data messages with the msg1, msg2, msg3, and msg4 parameters. All available items are listed in Table 19 below, Table 20 below and Table 21 on page 85.
Chapter 6 ____________________________________________________ Configuration commands Table 21 Item \er \fb \fh \fs \ft \fv \pa \ra \ta \ti \vh \vi Monitoring Items for Data Messages Description Status code. The code is a decimal number. Each bit corresponds to a status flag. For a list of the bits, see section Status Flags on page 86. 0 = No error 1 = Blocked sensor 0 = No error 1 = Heater failure. Incorrect heater resistance.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Example 2: In this example the data message 2 is set to include the following items: - SOH Checksum calculation start point Wind speed, average Wind direction, average Wind gust speed Wind lull speed Wind direction minimum Wind direction maximum Wind direction during the peak speed (wp) occurred Checksum calculation end point EOT Print check sum CR LF S msg2,\01\ss$\ws,\wd,\gu,\lu,\dm,\dx,\w1\se\04\sp\cr\lf WMT700 sends the
Chapter 6 ____________________________________________________ Configuration commands Table 22 Bit 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Status Flags Description Temperature sensor 1 failure. Temperature sensor 2 failure. Temperature sensor 3 failure. Heater failure. Incorrect heater element resistance. Too high (Vh > 40 V or Vi > 40 V) supply voltage. Too low (Vh < 20 V or Vi <10 V) supply voltage. Wind speed exceeds operating limits. Sonic temperature exceeds operating limits.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ 0,0,0,0 You can also use the G command to check that the parameters were set correctly. If you have not disabled error messages (as instructed in step 3) and the messages parameter is set to 1, WMT700 responds to each S command confirming the new parameter values. If an error occurs during the configuration, WMT700 sends a response containing the error messages. NOTE RS-485 is a half-duplex interface.
Chapter 6 ____________________________________________________ Configuration commands S S S S S S S S S S aout2minv,0.00000 aout2maxv,32000.
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Chapter 7 ________________________________________________________________ Operation CHAPTER 7 OPERATION This chapter contains information on WMT700 operating commands, protocols and data messages. Getting Started After WMT700 has been installed and configured, you can start operating the wind sensor as follows: - To receive wind measurement data through a serial connection as data messages, use serial communication. When using the WMT700 profile, see the operating instructions in this section.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Operating WMT700 with Terminal Program To operate WMT700 through a serial connection, the following prerequisites are needed: - PC with a serial port - Required cables for serial connection. For more information, see section Cables on page 23.
Chapter 7 ________________________________________________________________ Operation protocol POLL command used or Automatic Message mode is used with any protocol. Table 23 WMT700 Data Messages Data Message Description Number WMT700 Data Messages 21 WMT700 profile message that reports average wind speed and direction. 22 WMT700 profile message that reports wind speed in x and y components. 23 WMT700 profile message that reports wind speed and direction and self-diagnostics information.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ WMT700 Data Message 21 WMT700 Data Message 21 reports the wind speed and direction in the format described below: $\ws,\wd\cr\lf where $ \ws \wd \cr \lf = = = = = Fixed text Wind speed, average Wind direction, average CR (carriage return) LF (line feed) Example: $00.08,299.20 Interpretation of the example message: - Wind speed, average: 0.08 m/s - Wind direction, average: 299.
Chapter 7 ________________________________________________________________ Operation WMT700 Data Message 22 WMT700 Data Message 22 reports the wind speed in x and y components in the format described below: $\wx,\wy\cr\lf where $ \wx \wy \cr \lf = = = = = Fixed text Wind speed average, x component Wind speed average, y component CR (carriage return) LF (line feed) Example: $-00.04,00.07 Interpretation of the example message: - Wind speed, average, x component: -0.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ WMT700 Data Message 23 WMT700 Data Message 23 reports wind measurement and selfdiagnostics data in the format described below: $\ws,\wd,\wp,\wm,\Ts,\vh,\vi,\ta,\er\cr\lf where $ \ws \wd \wp \wm \Ts \vh \vi \ta \er = = = = = = = = = = \cr \lf = = Fixed text Wind speed, average Wind direction, average Wind speed, peak Wind speed maximum Sonic temperature Heater voltage Supply voltage Transducer temperature Status code.
Chapter 7 ________________________________________________________________ Operation WMT700 Data Message 24 WMT700 Data Message 24 reports wind measurement and selfdiagnostics data. The check sum is included in the message. WMT700 calculates the checksum by applying 8-bit XOR for all bytes. The result is printed as a 2-digit hexadecimal value.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ - Transducer temperature: 23.8 °C - Status code: 0 - Checksum: D4 WMT700 Data Message 25 WMT700 Data Message 25 reports wind measurement, sonic temperature, and status data. The check sum is included in the message. WMT700 calculates the checksum by applying 8-bit XOR for all bytes. The result is printed as a 2-digit hexadecimal value.
Chapter 7 ________________________________________________________________ Operation Example: $03.22,75.29,03.38,03.07,22.13,0,A4 Interpretation of the example message: - Wind speed, average: 3.22 m/s Wind direction, average: 75.29 ° Wind speed, peak: 3.38 m/s Wind speed, maximum: 3.07 m/s Sonic temperature: 22.13 °C Status code: 0 Checksum: A4 ROSA - MES12 Data Message The MES12 Data Message 12 is used in the ROSA Surface Analyzer for Roads and Runways system.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ NOTE WMT700 indicates missing readings differently according to the selected profile. For information on how missing readings are indicated in the WS425 or SDI-12 data messages, see Upgrading from Vaisala WINDCAP® Ultrasonic Wind Sensor WS425 to WMT700 Technical Reference. Error Indication WMT700 provides advanced self-diagnostics for monitoring the status of the wind sensor and the validity of the measurement data.
Chapter 7 ________________________________________________________________ Operation WMT700 Profile Commands When the WMT700 profile is selected, you can use the commands listed in this section to operate WMT700. In each of the command descriptions below, is an ASCII carriage return control character and is an ASCII line feed control character. Commands may be sent at any speed. The command is executed when end-of-line character is received.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ MEAS — Start Measurement This command starts wind measurement based on the user-configurable averaging time. WMT700 does not send the data message automatically. Use the polling command to fetch the measurement data in the required format. $aMEAS Where $ a = = Fixed text. WMT700 address. If the value is 0, it refers to any WMT700 address.
Chapter 7 ________________________________________________________________ Operation POLL — Poll Data This command fetches data from WMT700. You need to specify the data message number in the polling command. NOTE When WMT700 is in low-power mode, it does not receive the first character in the command. Thus, you must send an extra character (space) before the polling command to receive data. $aPOLL,y Where $ a = = y = Fixed text. WMT700 address.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ ROSA - MES12 Profile Commands When the ROSA - MES12 profile is selected, you can poll data in the MES12 data message format. This data message is used in the ROSA Surface Analyzer for Roads and Runways system. You can use this data message when WMT700 is connected to the Vaisala ROSA system. M 12 — Poll MES12 Data Message This command fetches data from WMT700 in the MES12 data message format.
Chapter 8 ______________________________________________________________ Maintenance CHAPTER 8 MAINTENANCE This chapter contains information that is needed for performing visual inspection, cleaning, and verifying the operation of WMT700. WARNING Some WMT700 product versions provide heating for transducers and/or array arms. To avoid injury, do not touch the heated parts of the wind sensor when the heating is enabled.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Visual Inspection Vaisala recommends that you carry out a periodic visual inspection of the wind sensor to ensure correct operation and clean the wind sensor if it becomes contaminated. If necessary, you can also test the operation of WMT700 with an optional verifier, which is a small echo-free chamber. If any of the transducers have been bent, twisted or rotated, the measurement results might not be accurate.
Chapter 8 ______________________________________________________________ Maintenance To perform the test: 1. 2. 3. 4. NOTE Slip the verifier over the three transducers. Refer to Figure 30 below to see how the verifier fits over the transducers. Start wind measurement. The command depends on the selected communication profile. WMT700 must read less than 0.5 miles per hour (0.22 m/s) with the verifier in place. Remove the verifier. Some random data samples may be lost during the verifier test.
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Chapter 9 ___________________________________________________________ Troubleshooting CHAPTER 9 TROUBLESHOOTING This chapter describes common problems, their probable causes and remedies, and provides contact information for technical support. Problem Situations Table 25 Some Problem Situations and Their Remedies Problem Connection to WMT700 is lost. Probable Cause Power supply is not sufficient. Wind measurement failure. WMT700 is sending irregular data values.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Problem There is no response when you try to switch to configuration mode with the OPEN command. WMT700 does not respond to any commands. Connection works but data messages are not available. Data messages are not in the expected format. Some items are missing from the data messages. Configuration commands do not work. WMT700 sends an error message as a response to a command. No signal is present on analog outputs.
Chapter 9 ___________________________________________________________ Troubleshooting Problem Data messages are not received. Parameter does not change after S command has been given. Inconsistent serial communication or missing data. Probable Cause Baud rates of the data logger and wind sensor do not match. The parameter requires reset before it becomes valid. Pin contacts of the connector have become oxidized or the connector is not firmly attached.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ You can also troubleshoot WMT700 as follows: - Fetch the error and event messages with the ERRORS command. For more information, see section ERRORS — Get Error Codes and Counts on page 78. - Include diagnostics-related items in the data message. For more information, see section Parameters Handling Commands on page 74.
Chapter 9 ___________________________________________________________ Troubleshooting 11. Updating the settings will be completed in a few seconds. When the operation is done, WMT700 sends the following response: Done. Rebooting… 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. WMT700 has now applied the settings and will reboot using the new settings. The restored settings are shown in Table 27 below. Before you start configuring new values to WMT700 you need to apply the new settings to HyperTerminal.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Technical Support For technical questions, contact the Vaisala technical support by e-mail at helpdesk@vaisala.com. Provide at least the following supporting information: - Name and model of the product in question Serial number of the product Name and location of the installation site Name and contact information of a technically competent person who can provide further information on the problem.
Chapter 10 ___________________________________________________________ Technical Data CHAPTER 10 TECHNICAL DATA This chapter provides the technical data of WMT700. Table 28 Wind Speed Property Measurement range WMT701 WMT702 WMT703 Starting threshold Resolution Response time Available variables Accuracy Table 29 Description/Value 0 ... 40 m/s 0 ... 65 m/s 0 ... 75 m/s 0.01 m/s 0.01 m/s 250 ms instant, peak, average, maximum, minimum, gust, lull +/- 0.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Table 30 Outputs Property Digital outputs Communication interfaces Communication protocols Bit rate Available averages Analog outputs Wind speed Frequency Voltage Current Wind direction Voltage Current Potentiometer Readout update interval Units available Operating mode Virtual temperature NOTE Description/Value COM1: RS-485 COM2: RS-485, RS-422, RS-232, SDI-12 WMT700, WS425 ASCII, NMEA Standard and Extended (version 0183
Chapter 10 ___________________________________________________________ Technical Data Table 31 General Property Heating Operating temperature Operating voltage Absolute maximum Heating voltage Typical ranges Absolute maximum IP class Material Body Transducers Mounting kit Dimensions Height Width Depth Weight Connector NOTE Description/Value No heating: 0 W Average heating power 30 W Peak transducer heating power: 40 W Average transducer and array arm heating: 150W Peak transducer and array arm heating
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Table 32 Accessories Description Verifier Bird cage Bird perch Cable connector Cable 2 m, cable connector, open leads on one end Cable 10 m, cable connector, open leads on one end RS-485 Cable 2 m, cable connector, open leads on one end RS-485 Cable 10 m, cable connector, open leads on one end MAWS cable 10 m AWS520 cable 10 m, shield connected to PE pin AWS520 cable 10 m, shield not connected to PE pin Adapter cable for WS4
Chapter 10 ___________________________________________________________ Technical Data Dimensions Figure 31 below and Figure 32 on page 120 show the dimensions of WMT700 wind sensor and FIX70 mounting kit.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ 1103-055 Figure 32 FIX70 Mounting Kit Dimensions in Millimeters 120 _________________________________________________________________ M211095EN-C
Appendix A _________________________________________ Complete Command Set for WMT700 APPENDIX A COMPLETE COMMAND SET FOR WMT700 Table 33 below lists all the commands available for WMT700.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Configuration Mode/ Measurement Mode and Profile Measurement mode WMT700 profile Measurement mode WMT700 profile Measurement mode WMT700 profile Measurement Mode MES12 profile Measurement mode WS425 ASOS F/G profile Measurement mode WS425 ASOS F/G profile Measurement mode WS425 A/B NMEA Extended profile Measurement mode WS425 A/B ASCII profile Measurement mode WS425 A/B ASCII profile Command Description Further Information
Appendix B _______________________________________________ Typical System Environments APPENDIX B TYPICAL SYSTEM ENVIRONMENTS This appendix lists the most typical WMT700 system environments. Figure 33 below shows a system in which the weather station is connected to COM2, while COM1 is left for service and maintenance purposes only. This is the recommended setup for WMT700 serial communications.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Figure 34 below shows a system in which the weather station is only connected to the analog output channel. Serial port COM1 is used for maintenance purposes.
Appendix B _______________________________________________ Typical System Environments Figure 35 below shows a system in which serial ports COM1 and COM2 operate independently. Serial port COM1 is used for maintaining WMT700 and monitoring the wind sensor in mission-critical applications while COM2 provides continuous measurement data.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Figure 36 below shows a system with a separate back-up battery for operating power. The heating power is supplied with a direct power supply unit that prevents the heating function from consuming the power supply for the operations. This setup is suitable for WMT700 product types that provide heating for the wind sensor.
Appendix C ________________________Default Settings for Different Digital Communication Profiles APPENDIX C DEFAULT SETTINGS FOR DIFFERENT DIGITAL COMMUNICATION PROFILES This appendix lists the default settings for different digital communication profiles.
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Appendix D ___________________________________________________Configuration Parameters APPENDIX D CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS This appendix lists WMT700 Configuration parameters. Parameter Name address Default Value A Allowed Values Units String with a maximum of 40 characters. aoErrValue 1000 0 … 32000 aout1_g aout2_g aout1_o aout2_o aout1maxv aout2maxv 1 0 ... 100 0 -10000 … 10000 Address for WMT700.
USER'S GUIDE____________________________________________________________________ Parameter Name cal_date Default Value Allowed Values Units Description com1_baud com2_baud 4 com1_data com2_data 8 com1_delay com2_delay 20 0 … 10000 com2_interf 0 com1_parity com2_parity 0 0 = RS-485 1 = RS-422 2 = SDI-12 3 = RS-232 0 = none 1 = even 2 = odd Interface for serial port COM2. (The interface for serial port COM1 cannot be changed.) Changes take effect only after reset or the RESET command.
Appendix D ___________________________________________________Configuration Parameters Parameter Name msg1, msg2, msg3, msg4 Default Value Allowed Values Units String with a maximum of 80 characters. User-configurable data message formats. Parameters correspond to the message identification numbers from 1 to 4. serial_n serial_pcb sleepTime 5 0 = disabled s 1 … 32000 startDelay 5 0 … 30 s wndAvg 1 0.25 … 3600 s Resolution: 0.25 wndCoast 0 0 … 100 m/s 0 = disabled wndCover 4 0 ...
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