Installation — Ma i nte n a n ce — S e rv i c e — Tro u b l e s h o o t i n g CENTURY® POOL & SPA MOTOR MANUAL
INTRODUCTION elcome to A.O. Smith’s line of Century® Motors. This pocket manual is designed for one purpose — to make it simple for you to install, maintain and troubleshoot Century pool and spa motors. Contrary to what you may be thinking just now, your last name doesn’t have to be Edison in order to properly service the motors shown in the following pages. All you need are a few basic tools and some helpful hints; the kind that appear throughout this booklet.
Replacements for every brand. Every now and then you probably come across a motor that’s beyond repair. When you do, remember that A.O. Smith manufactures replacement pool and spa motors for practically every brand you’ll ever encounter in the field. So save yourself some time and effort and just ask for Century first — at any A.O. Smith distributor or dealer. Century motors are as rugged as any you’ll find, but keep in mind that all motors need service and maintenance at one time or another. Safety first.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Century Pump Motors ......................................................5 Design Features................................................................7 Nameplate Information....................................................9 Installation Heat..........................................................................13 Moisture...................................................................14 Power Source..........................................................14 Altitude.........
Motor Troubleshooting Motor Fails To Start (makes no sound)..................19 Motor Fails To Start (hums, tries to start, blows fuse or trips breaker)....................................20 Motor Starts But Shuts Down (overload problem)..................................................21 Noisy Motor.....................................................................21 Motor Hot, Smoking Or Cycling ....................................22 Information Needed For Motor Replacement ..............
CENTURY® CENTURION & Centurion®, C-flange Switchless “1081” Motor • Standard Efficiency • E-Plus, High Efficiency • 1⁄2 – 5 Hp • No Switch, No Governor • Single phase or three phase • Suitable for operation at 50 Hz, 1.
E-PLUS® MOTORS Centurion®, Square Flange Switchless “1081” Motor • Standard Efficiency • E-Plus, High Efficiency • 1⁄2 – 5 Hp • No Switch, No Governor • 303 stainless steel threaded shaft • Suitable for operation at 50 Hz, 1.
FLEX-48™ POOL AND SPA MOTORS Flex-48™ Single-Speed Motors, Thru-Bolt Mount Suitable for jetted tubs and above-ground pools and spas. • • • • • 1⁄ 2 - 3 Hp 56-frame conversion base 3-1⁄2” shaft height 3⁄ ” threaded shaft 8 Auto-reset overload protection • 1.0 service factor Flex-48™ Two-Speed Low Amp Start & Run Motors For Spas and above-ground pools, thru-bolt mount. • • • • • 3⁄ 4 - 3 Hp 56-frame conversion base 3-1⁄2” shaft height 3⁄ ” threaded shaft 8 Auto-reset overload protection • 1.
CENTURION® DESIGN FEATURES 2. All Threaded shafts are 303 stainless steel for superior corrosion resistance. Keyed shaft of carbon steel is iron phosphate treated to prevent rust. Stainless steel shafts provided on cast iron C-flange, keyed shaft product. 3. Double-sealed high thrust bearings protect against dirt and moisture. Factory lubricated, never need regreasing. 4. Special aluminum alloy brackets or cast iron NEMA “C” brackets resist corrosion from pool chemicals. 5.
NAMEPLATE INFORMATION hen you need information about the motor you’re servicing, you’ll always be able to find it printed on the motor nameplate. On A.O. Smith motors the nameplate is usually found on the side of the motor, below the capacitor. Shown below is a sample pool motor identification nameplate. As you read the nameplate, refer to the guide so that you understand the meaning of each item that the manufacturer provides about its motor.
1 .CAT NO (Catalog Number): This number indicates that the motor is a stock rating, readily available from standard inventory as a replacement pool motor. 2.PART: This identifies the motor’s specific design by part number. 3.FR (Frame): The frame identifies the mounting and shaft configuration. It doesn’t indicate the diameter of the shell. A.O. Smith’s line of Centurion and Centurion SE motors have a “56 frame” shell and are 6.5 inches in diameter.
NAMEPLATE INFORMATION identify motors not specified by NEMA mounting and shaft standards. 4.TYPE: The electrical design of the motor is shown by its type. A.O. Smith uses “CX” to identify its switchless design. Other codes include “CS” for capacitor-start, “S P” for split-phase and “CP” for capacitor start / capacitor run. Be sure to check with the dealer or distributor, because motor type codes may vary among manufacturers. 5.HP (Horsepower): Conventional unit of measurement for power.
maximum horsepower (Hp x SF). 12.TIME: Time indicates the duty cycle of the motor. Pool and spa motors are generally rated for continuous duty. 13.AMB (Ambient Temperature): The maximum ambient (surrounding) temperature in which the motor is designed to operate. This temperature is shown in Celsius rather than Fahrenheit. 14.INSUL CLASS (Insulation Classification): The temperature rating of insulation used in the construction of the motor. Most pool and spa motors use a Class “B” insulation. 15.
INSTALLATION The number one enemy of a motor is heat. Overheating always results whenever there is a lack of clean, continually-circulating air for a motor. Heat can damage a motor’s windings, insulation, bearing lubricant and run capacitor. In short, heat can quickly decrease the service life of a motor. Remember, proper ventilation is always a crucial consideration when installing a motor. If at all possible, install a motor in a location that is free of dirt, dust or airborne debris, such as leaves.
Century and Neptune motors have superior resistance to moisture, but you should avoid placing the motor where it can be splashed. Avoid installing the motor in low spots where it could collect water and be flooded. In fact, it’s probably a good idea to elevate the motor at least two inches off the ground. MOISTURE Before you turn the motor on, check to see that the line voltage, phase and frequency match the specifications shown on the motor nameplate.
The task of wiring your motor is fairly simple. The wiring diagrams shown on the following pages are color-coded for easy reading. The appropriate part number is listed in each illustration, just in case you need to order the complete wiring diagram or connection label sticker for your motor. Make sure the connections are tight to prevent failure or overheating. If you do find loose connections, check for excessive vibration.
WIRE SELECTION GUIDE THE SIZES SHOWN IN THE FOLLOWING WIRE SELECTION CHARTS ARE RECOMMENDATIONS ONLY. ALWAYS FOLLOW LOCAL AND NATIONAL ELECTRIC CODES.
TOOLS ith a few simple tools, you’ll be ready for just about any kind of basic motor service. To make your job easier when installing or servicing a pool or spa motor, make sure that you have these tools in your toolbox before you begin working... • Standard screwdriver • Wide blade screwdriver • 1⁄2” open end wrench • Rubber mallet • Clamp-on ammeter/voltmeter • Ammeter • 5⁄16” nut driver • Needle-nose pliers • Tape for marking W MAINTENANCE .O.
MAINTENANCE An operating motor is usually too hot to touch by hand. It should be located away from direct sunlight and other heat sources, such as laundry appliances and water heaters. Provide for ample air circulation around the motor. Clean the air inlets as required, making sure that the POWER IS OFF first. COOLING Whenever the motor must be shut down for extended periods, be sure all surfaces, vents and interiors are dry to prevent rust.
MOTOR TROUBLESHOOTING Before you even touch the motor, MAKE SURE THE POWER IS OFF. Always turn the power off at the electrical service entrance fuse or breaker box, to prevent possible electric shock. To prevent electrical shock when touching the motor, be sure windings and capacitor are securely grounded to the ground terminal which should be used in conformity with local codes. Don’t work on electrical operations if water or moist conditions cannot be avoided.
voltage is within the proper range, check for continuity through the protector. 5.Check for overloading from other appliances on the same circuit as the motor. 6.Inspect the motor windings for continuity. 7.If voltage is proper at terminals and the motor is cold, remove the motor and take it to a A.O. Smith Authorized Service Center. MOTOR FAILS TO START (hums, tries to start, blows fuse or trips breaker) 1.Check the motor connections after TURNING OFF THE POWER. 2.
MOTOR TROUBLESHOOTING capacitor using an ohmmeter (see “Troubleshooting A Capacitor” page 23). 5.Rotate the motor shaft. If you hear a grinding sound, disassemble the motor and check: the conditions of bearings, a rotor rubbing the stator, corrosion, a cracked frame, clogged fan or obstruction(s). Repair or replace any faulty part(s). 6.If the motor has a switch, disassemble the motor and check the contacts for dirt. Use brown Kraft paper to gently clean. If the motor still doesn’t work, replace the switch.
1.Mounting, motor coupling and brackets. Tighten loose nuts, bolts or set screws. 2.If a noticeable drag is present, check the bearings and bearing load spring. 3.Make sure motor fan moves freely and rotor isn’t rubbing stator. Look for loose or binding parts inside the motor or pump. 4.Check for malfunctioning motor start switch and governor.
MOTOR TROUBLESHOOTING 6.Check the start switch for broken contact welds or a broken spring. 7.Check the capacitor with an ohmmeter. A bulged capacitor indicates failure on most motors. But with a Centurion, the only way to verify a failed capacitor is with the ohmmeter. INFORMATION NEEDED FOR MOTOR REPLACEMENT To get the right replacement motor, you’ll need important information. Fortunately, they all can be found on the motor nameplate. Here’s what you’ll need to know: 1.
BEST WAY TO USE A VOLT-AMMETER For Voltage Check 1.Attach leads to the volt-ammeter and select the proper voltage scale. 2.Test voltage at the motor line terminals and verify that it’s within limits while the motor is operating. 3.Voltage should be within ±10% of the design voltage specified on the motor nameplate. For Amperage Check 1.Remove the leads from the volt-ammeter if attached. Select lowest reading amperage scale according to motor nameplate rating. 2.
MOTOR TROUBLESHOOTING bearings because this could damage the motor and cause a return service call. 1.TURN THE POWER OFF 2.Remove the cover from the motor and disconnect the electrical supply leads from the terminal board. Then remove the electrical cable or conduit from the end frame. 3.Remove the motor from the pump unit. 4.Mark the brackets and frame of the motor, to assure correct alignment of these parts when reassembling them. 5.
6.Remove the bearing(s) from the motor shaft, following these steps as necessary: a)Remove shaft collars used to secure bearings. Don’t reuse a bearing that is removed from the shaft. 7.Install the new shaft bearing(s). It is important to press only on the bearing inner race. The bearing will be damaged if the outer race surface is pressed. a)Fan end. Place the short end of the shaft on a wood block. Place the bearing (and other parts used) over the long end of the shaft.
SERVICE f your pool or spa motor should need attention while still under warranty, we require that you have it serviced at a Authorized A.O. Smith Service Center to qualify for warranty coverage. When ordering parts, refer to the part number and serial number on the motor nameplate. For your convenience, a separate Century Stock Pool and Spa Motor Parts List is available. Ask for Bulletin #3996.
WIRING DIAGRAMS TABLE OF CONTENTS Centurion Switchless (Easy Connect) .................. 29, 30 ® Centurion Switchless (Mfg. prior 11/91) ....... 31, 32, 45 ® 1081, Wishbone (Old Style) ............................. 33, 34, 35 1081, Single Arm Switch (Old Style) ..................... 36, 37 E-Plus , Switchless (Old Style),230 volt ..................... 38 ® 2-Speed, Wishbone (Old Style)....................... 39, 40, 41 Micro-Switch (Formerly Gould-Guard)........................
CENTURION®/SE/II For motors manufactured in/after Nov.
CENTURION®/SE/II For motors manufactured in/after Nov.
CENTURION® For motors manufactured prior to Nov. 1991.
CENTURION® For motors manufactured prior to Nov. 1991.
1081 Type CS–1⁄2 to 11⁄2 Hp Wishbone (Old Style) 115/230 Volt 33
1081 115/230 Volt Type CP–2 Hp Wishbone (Old Style) 34
1081 230 Volt Type CP–3 Hp Wishbone (Old Style) 35
1081 115/230 Volt Type CS–1⁄2 to 11⁄2 Hp Single Arm Switch (Old Style) 36
1081 115/230 Volt Type CP–2 Hp Single Arm Switch (Old Style) 37
E-PLUS® 230 Volt Type CX–2 and 3 Hp Switchless (Old Style) 38
2-SPEED Type CSM–1⁄2 to 3⁄4 Hp Wishbone (Old Style) 115 Volt 39
2-SPEED Type CSM–1 and 11⁄2 Hp Wishbone (Old Style) 230 Volt 40
2-SPEED 230 Volt Type CPM–2 Hp Wishbone (Old Style) 41
MICRO-SWITCH MOTOR Type CS–1⁄2 to 1 Hp (Old Style) (Formerly identified as Gould-Guard) 115/230 Volt 42
SWITCHLESS MOTOR Type CX–11⁄2 HP Switchless (Old Style) (Formerly identified as Gould-Guard) 230 Volt 43
SWITCHLESS MOTOR (Formerly identified as Gould-Guard) 230 Volt Type CX–2 and 3 HP Switchless (Old Style) 44
CENTURION® Two-Speed Single Voltage 115 Volt Type CXPM–1⁄2 /.06 to 3⁄4 /.
CENTURION® Two-Speed Single Voltage 230 Volt Type CXPM–1/.12 to 2/.
E-PLUS® SWITCHLESS Type CX–3⁄4 to 11⁄2 Hp Switchless Dual Voltage 115/230 Volt 48
E-PLUS® SWITCHLESS Single Voltage 230 Volt Type CX–2 and 3 Hp Switchless 49
FLEX 48® FRAME Type SPM–3⁄4 /.
FLEX 48® FRAME Type CXSM 11⁄2 /.18 HP Type CXSM 2.0/.25 HP through 4.5/.
FLEX 48® FRAME Two-Speed Single Voltage 115 or 230 Volt Type CSM 1.0/.12 Hp 115 Volt Type CSM 1.0/.16 Hp 115 Volt Type CSM 1.5/.18 Hp 230 Volt Type CSM 2.0/.
FLEX 48® Type SP–1⁄2 to 11⁄2 Hp Single Voltage 115 Volt 53
FLEX 48® Type CS–11⁄2 to 4 Spl Hp Dual Voltage 230/115 Volt 54
HOW TO IDENTIFY THE DATE OF MANUFACTURE For Century Pool, Spa or Jetted Tub Motors To identify the month and year your Century pool, spa or jetted tub motor was manufactured you need to know the serial code. The serial code on the nameplate is made up of three parts: serial letter (year), serial number (month), and manufacturing sequence number. Example: SERIAL BH 11-16 Serial Letter Serial Number Mfg. Sequence This motor was manufactured in November 1990.
NEPTUNE® 2 Compartment Motors Single Voltage Type CP 230 Volt 11⁄2 2&3 Hp 56
NEPTUNE® 2 Compartment Motors Dual Voltage 230/115 Volt 1⁄ 57 Type CP 1 2-1 ⁄2 Hp
NEPTUNE® 2 Compartment Motors Dual Voltage 230/115 Volt Type CS 1 3-1 ⁄2 Hp 1⁄ 58
A.O. Smith 531 North Fourth Street Tipp City, OH 45371 937-667-6800 Fax (937) 667-5873 1 Bulletin 2944 ©A.O.
