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CP2104

SINGLE-CHIP USB-TO-UART BRIDGE

Single-Chip USB to UART Data Transfer

Integrated USB transceiver; no external resistors

required

Integrated clock; no external crystal required

Integrated 1024-Byte One-Time Programmable ROM

for customizable product information

On-chip power-on reset circuit

On-chip voltage regulator: 3.45 V output

USB Function Controller

USB Specification 2.0 compliant; full-speed (12 Mbps)

USB Suspend states supported via SUSPEND and

SUSPEND

pins

Asynchronous Serial Data BUS (UART)

All handshaking and modem interface signals

Data formats supported:

- Data bits: 5, 6, 7, and 8

- Stop bits: 1, 1.5, and 2

- Parity: odd, even, mark, space, no parity

Baud rates: 300 bps to 2 Mbits

576 byte receive buffer; 576 byte transmit buffer

Hardware or X-On/X-Off handshaking supported

Four GPIO signals for status and control

Configurable I/O (1.8 V to V

) using V

Configurable I/O (V

to 5 V) using external pull-up

RS-485 mode with bus transceiver control

Virtual COM Port Device Drivers

Works with Existing COM Port PC Applications

Royalty-Free Distribution License

Windows 7

/Vista

/XP

/Server 2003

/2000

Mac

OS-X

Linux

USBXpress™ Direct Driver Support

Royalty-Free Distribution License

Windows 7/Vista/XP/Server 2003/2000

Windows CE

6.0, 5.0, and 4.2

Example Applications

Upgrade of RS-232 legacy devices to USB

Upgrade of RS-485 legacy devices to USB

Cellular phone USB interface cable

PDA USB interface cable

USB to RS-232 serial adapter

Supply Voltage

Self-powered: 3.0 to 3.6 V

USB bus powered: 4.0 to 5.25 V

I/O voltage: 1.8 V to V

Package

RoHS-compliant 24-pin QFN (4x4 mm)

Ordering Part Number

CP2104-F03-GM

Temperature Range: –40 to +85 °C

Figure 1. Example System Diagram

CP2104

Voltage

Regulator

48 MHz

Oscillator

OUT

SUSPEND

REGIN

GND

RST

D+

D-

UART

DCD

CTS

RTS

RXD

TXD

DSR

DTR

External RS-232

transceiver or

UART circuitry

(to external circuitry

for USB suspend

states)

VBUS

D-

D+

GND

USB

CONNECTOR

VDD

VBUS

USB Function

Controller

USB

Transceiver

576B

Buffer

576B

Buffer

1024B

PROM

GPIO.0

GPIO.1

GPIO.3

GPIO.2

(to external circuitry

for status and

control)

VIO

External

voltage supply

or direct

connection

to VDD

VPP

For newer designs, the CP2102N devices offer compatible footprints and are recommended for use instead

of the CP2104. See the Silicon Labs website (www.silabs.com/usbxpress) for more information.

Summary of content (22 pages)

PAGE 1
CP2104 S INGLE - C HIP USB- T O -UART B RIDGE For newer designs, the CP2102N devices offer compatible footprints and are recommended for use instead of the CP2104. See the Silicon Labs website (www.silabs.com/usbxpress) for more information.
PAGE 2
CP2104 2 Rev. 1.
PAGE 3
CP2104 TABLE O F C ONTENTS Section Page 1. System Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 2. Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 3. Pinout and Package Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 4. QFN-24 Package Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PAGE 4
CP2104 1. System Overview The CP2104 is a highly-integrated USB-to-UART Bridge Controller providing a simple solution for updating RS-232/RS-485 designs to USB using a minimum of components and PCB space. The CP2104 includes a USB 2.0 full-speed function controller, USB transceiver, oscillator, one-time programmable ROM, and asynchronous serial data bus (UART) with full modem control signals in a compact 4 x 4 mm QFN-24 package (sometimes called “MLF” or “MLP”).
PAGE 5
CP2104 2. Electrical Characteristics Table 1. Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units Ambient Temperature Under Bias –55 — 125 °C Storage Temperature –65 — 150 °C VIO > 2.2 V VIO < 2.2 V –0.3 –0.3 — — 5.8 VIO + 3.6 V VDD > 3.0 V VDD not powered –0.3 –0.3 — — 5.8 VDD + 3.6 V –0.3 — 4.
PAGE 6
CP2104 Table 3. UART and Suspend I/O DC Electrical Characteristics VDD = 3.0 to 3.6 V, VIO = 1.8 V to VDD, –40 to +85 °C unless otherwise specified. Parameters Conditions Min Typ Max UNITS Output High Voltage (VOH) IOH = –10 µA IOH = –3 mA IOH = –10 mA VIO – 0.1 VIO – 0.2 — — — VIO – 0.4 — — — V Output Low Voltage (VOL) IOL = 10 µA IOL = 8.5 mA IOL = 25 mA — — — — — 0.6 0.1 0.4 — V Input High Voltage (VIH) 0.7 x VIO — — V Input Low Voltage (VIL) — — 0.
PAGE 7
CP2104 Table 6. GPIO Output Specifications –40 to +85 °C unless otherwise specified Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units RS-485 Active Time After Stop Bit — 1 — bit time* TX Toggle Rate — 10 — Hz RX Toggle Rate — 10 — Hz *Note: Bit-time is calculated as 1 / baud rate. Rev. 1.
PAGE 8
CP2104 3. Pinout and Package Definitions Table 7. CP2104 Pin Definitions Name Pin # Type VDD 6 Power In Description Power Supply Voltage Input. Power Out Voltage Regulator Output. See Section 9. I/O Supply Voltage Input. VIO 5 GND 2 RST 9 D I/O Device Reset. Open-drain output of internal POR or VDD monitor. An external source can initiate a system reset by driving this pin low for the time specified in Table 4. REGIN 7 Power In 5 V Regulator Input.
PAGE 9
DCD DTR DSR TXD RXD RTS 24 23 22 21 20 19 CP2104 RI 1 18 CTS GND 2 17 SUSPEND D+ 3 16 VPP D- 4 15 SUSPEND VIO 5 14 GPIO.0 VDD 6 13 GPIO.1 CP2104-GM Top View 11 12 GPIO.3 GPIO.2 9 RST 10 8 VBUS NC 7 REGIN GND (Optional) Figure 2. QFN-24 Pinout Diagram (Top View) Rev. 1.
PAGE 10
CP2104 4. QFN-24 Package Specifications Figure 3. QFN-24 Package Drawing Table 8. QFN-24 Package Dimensions Dimension Min Typ Max Dimension Min Typ Max A A1 b D D2 e E E2 0.70 0.00 0.18 0.75 0.02 0.25 4.00 BSC. 2.70 0.50 BSC. 4.00 BSC. 2.70 0.80 0.05 0.30 L L1 aaa bbb ddd eee Z Y 0.30 0.00 — — — — — — 0.40 — — — — — 0.24 0.18 0.50 0.15 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.08 — — 2.55 2.55 2.80 2.80 Notes: 1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted. 2.
PAGE 11
CP2104 Figure 4. QFN-24 Recommended PCB Land Pattern Table 9. QFN-24 PCB Land Pattern Dimensions Dimension Min Max Dimension Min Max C1 C2 E X1 3.90 3.90 4.00 4.00 X2 Y1 Y2 2.70 0.65 2.70 2.80 0.75 2.80 0.50 BSC 0.20 0.30 Notes: General 1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted. 2. This Land Pattern Design is based on the IPC-7351 guidelines. Solder Mask Design 3. All metal pads are to be non-solder mask defined (NSMD).
PAGE 12
CP2104 5. USB Function Controller and Transceiver The Universal Serial Bus (USB) function controller in the CP2104 is a USB 2.0 compliant full-speed device with integrated transceiver and on-chip matching and pullup resistors. The USB function controller manages all data transfers between the USB and the UART as well as command requests generated by the USB host controller and commands for controlling the function of the UART and GPIO pins.
PAGE 13
CP2104 6.1. Baud Rate Generation The baud rate generator is very flexible, allowing the user to request any baud rate in the range from 300 bps to 2 Mbps. If the baud rate cannot be directly generated from the 48 MHz oscillator, the device will choose the closest possible option. The actual baud rate is dictated by Equation 1 and Equation 2.
PAGE 14
CP2104 7.1. GPIO.0-1—Transmit and Receive Toggle GPIO.0 and GPIO.1 are configurable as Transmit Toggle and Receive Toggle pins. These pins are logic high when a device is not transmitting or receiving data, and they toggle at a fixed rate as specified in Table 6 when data transfer is in progress. Typically, these pins are connected to two LEDs to indicate data transfer. VIO CP2104 GPIO.0 – TX Toggle GPIO.1 – RX Toggle Figure 5. Transmit and Receive Toggle Typical Connection Diagram 7.2. GPIO.
PAGE 15
CP2104 7.3. Hardware Flow Control (RTS and CTS) To utilize the functionality of the RTS and CTS pins of the CP2104, the device must be configured to use hardware flow control. RTS, or Ready To Send, is an active-low output from the CP2104 and indicates to the external UART device that the CP2104’s UART RX FIFO has not reached the watermark level of 383 bytes and is ready to accept more data.
PAGE 16
CP2104 8. One-Time Programmable ROM The CP2104 includes an internal one-time programmable ROM that may be used to customize the USB Vendor ID (VID), Product ID (PID), Product Description String, Power Descriptor, Device Release Number, Device Serial Number, GPIO configuration, Suspend pins, and modes as desired for OEM applications. If the programmable ROM has not been customized, the default configuration data shown in Table 12 and Table 13 is used. Table 12.
PAGE 17
CP2104 9. Voltage Regulator The CP2104 includes an on-chip 5.0 to 3.45 V voltage regulator. This allows the CP2104 to be configured as either a USB bus-powered device or a USB self-powered device. A typical connection diagram of the device in a buspowered application using the regulator is shown in Figure 8. When enabled, the voltage regulator output appears on the VDD pin and can be used to power external devices. See Table 5 for the voltage regulator electrical characteristics.
PAGE 18
CP2104 Alternatively, if 3.0 to 3.6 V power is supplied to the VDD pin, the CP2104 can function as a USB self-powered device with the voltage regulator bypassed. For this configuration, tie the REGIN input to VDD to bypass the voltage regulator. A typical connection diagram showing the device in a self-powered application with the regulator bypassed is shown in Figure 9. The USB max power and power attributes descriptor must match the device power usage and configuration.
PAGE 19
CP2104 10. CP2104 Device Drivers There are two sets of device drivers available for CP2104 devices: the Virtual COM Port (VCP) drivers and the USBXpress Direct Access drivers. Only one set of drivers is necessary to interface with the device. The latest drivers are available at http://www.siliconlabs.com/products/mcu/Pages/SoftwareDownloads.aspx. 10.1.
PAGE 20
CP2104 11. Relevant Application Notes The following Application Notes are applicable to the CP2104. The latest versions of these application notes and their accompanying software are available at http://www.siliconlabs.com/products/mcu/Pages/ApplicationNotes.aspx.      20 AN721: CP21xx Device Customization Guide—This application note describes how to use the AN721 software CP21xxCustomizationUtility to configure the USB parameters on the CP21xx devices.
PAGE 21
CP2104 DOCUMENT CHANGE LIST Revision 1.1 to Revision 1.2 January 20, 2017 Revision 0.2 to Revision 0.3       Updated Figure 1, “Example System Diagram,” on page 1. Added Figure , “,” on page 11. Added Figure 8, “Typical Bus-Powered Connection Diagram,” on page 17. Added Figure 9, “Typical Self-Powered Connection Diagram (Regulator Bypass),” on page 18. Added "6.1. Baud Rate Generation" on page 13. Moved Table 5 to "2. Electrical Characteristics" on page 5.  Revision 0.3 to Revision 0.
PAGE 22
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