SAS and SATA HostRAID Controller Installation and User’s Guide
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Contents 1 About This Guide What You Need to Know Before You Begin ................................................... 12 Terminology Used in this Guide ...................................................................... 12 Conventions Used in This Guide ..................................................................... 12 How to Find More Information....................................................................... 12 2 About Your HostRAID Controller HostRAID Controller Features .............
Contents ● 7 Selecting SATA Cables ...................................................................................... 30 Connecting Disk Drives to SAS HostRAID Controllers ................................. 30 Connecting Directly to the HostRAID Controller ................................. 31 Connecting to a Backplane ...................................................................... 31 Installing the SAS HostRAID Controller to a SAS Expander ................
Contents 9 ● 8 Managing Your Storage Space About Adaptec Storage Manager ..................................................................... 51 Installing Adaptec Storage Manager........................................................ 51 About the HRCONF Command Line Utility .................................................. 51 About the ARC Utility ...................................................................................... 52 About the Adaptec Flash Utility ................................
Contents ● 9 RAID 10 Arrays ................................................................................................. 66 Selecting the Best RAID Level .......................................................................... 67 C Using the ARC Utility Introduction to the ARC Utility....................................................................... 69 Running the ARC Utility .................................................................................. 69 Creating and Managing Arrays .
Contents E ● 10 HostRAID Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference Adaptec 58300 Activity LED Connector Specification ................................... 88 Adaptec 48300 Activity LED Connector Specification ................................... 88 Adaptec 44300 Activity LED Connector Specification ................................... 89 Adaptec 1430SA Activity LED and I2C Connector Specification .................. 89 Adaptec 1420SA Activity LED and I2C Connector Specification ..................
About This Guide In this chapter... 1 What You Need to Know Before You Begin .......................................................................... 12 Terminology Used in this Guide............................................................................................ 12 Conventions Used in This Guide........................................................................................... 12 How to Find More Information ...........................................................................
Chapter 1: About This Guide l 12 What You Need to Know Before You Begin You should be familiar with computer hardware, data storage, Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) technology, and the characteristics of input/output (I/O) technology used by your HostRAID controller. Because SAS is a newer I/O technology, an introduction is provided in the Appendix A.
Chapter 1: About This Guide l 13 perform basic array and configuration management functions; located on the Adaptec Storage Manager Installation CD.
About Your HostRAID Controller In this chapter... 2 HostRAID Controller Features.............................................................................................. 15 About the Adaptec 58300 Controller .................................................................................... 17 About the Adaptec 48300 Controller .................................................................................... 18 About the Adaptec 44300 Controller ...................................................
Chapter 2: About Your HostRAID Controller l 15 HostRAID Controller Features ● Port multiplier support— You can connect one SATA drive enclosure with a port multiplier to 1225SA HostRAID controller. Note: To find out the version of the port multiplier, refer to the drive enclosure documentation. Adaptec supports SiI3726 with one 3 Gbps SATA II host interface and five SATA device ports. We support only 3Gbps NCQ enabled drives.
Chapter 2: About Your HostRAID Controller ● l 16 (SAS-only) Support for disk drive enclosures with SES2 enclosure management hardware.
Chapter 2: About Your HostRAID Controller l 17 About the Adaptec 58300 Controller The Adaptec 58300 is a low-profile PCI-X to 8-Phy SAS 1.0 HostRAID controller with these features: Drive LEDs External miniSAS Connectors J3 (Aggregate Activity LED Header) 3.3V PCI-X Connector Mounting bracket Formx factor Low-profile Bus compatibility PCI-X PCI bus width (max) 64-bit PCI bus speed (max) 133 MHz PHYs 8 Connectors, internal None Connectors, external 2 x4 external SFF 8088 (miniSAS) miniSAS 1.
Chapter 2: About Your HostRAID Controller l 18 About the Adaptec 48300 Controller The Adaptec 48300 is a low-profile PCI-X to 8-Phy SAS 1.0 HostRAID controller with these features: J3 (Aggregate Activity LED Header) External SAS Connector Internal SAS Connector 3.3V PCI-X Connector Mounting bracket Form factor Low-profile Bus compatibility PCI-X PCI bus width (max) 64-bit PCI bus speed (max) 133 MHz PHYs 8 Connectors, internal 1 x4 internal SFF-8484 SAS 1.
Chapter 2: About Your HostRAID Controller l 19 About the Adaptec 44300 Controller The Adaptec 44300 is a low-profile PCI-X to 4-Phy SAS 1.0 HostRAID controller with these features: Internal SAS Connector J3 (Aggregate Activity LED Header) 3.3V PCI-X Connector Mounting bracket Form factor Low-profile Bus compatibility PCI-X PCI bus width (max) 64-bit PCI bus speed (max) 133 MHz PHYs 4 Connectors, internal 1 x4 internal SFF-8484 SAS 1.
Chapter 2: About Your HostRAID Controller l 20 About the Adaptec 1430SA Controller The Adaptec 1430SA is a low-profile 4-port PCIe SATA II HostRAID controller with these features: J2 Connector (I2C) J3 (Aggregate Activity LED Header) J1 LED Connector Power LED Aggregate LED Port Activity LED 3 (top port) 2 (bottom port) SATA Ports 1 (top port) 0 (bottom port) J4 Activity LED PCIe X4 connector Mounting bracket Form factor Low-profile Bus compatibility PCIe x4 Ports 4 Connectors, internal 4 stack
Chapter 2: About Your HostRAID Controller l 21 About the Adaptec 1420SA Controller The Adaptec 1420SA is a low-profile PCI-X to 4 port SATA II HostRAID controller with these features: J1 connector (I2C) J7 (Aggregate Activity LED Header) J2 LED connector Activity LED 3 SATA Ports 2 1 0 3.3V/5V PCI-X connector Mounting bracket Form factor Low-profile Bus compatibility PCI-X Ports 4 Connector, internal 4 RAID levels 0, 1, 10 Simple volume Yes Disk drives SATA I (1.5Gbps), SATA II (3.
Chapter 2: About Your HostRAID Controller l 22 About the Adaptec 1220SA Controller The Adaptec 1220SA is a low-profile PCIe to 2 port SATA II HostRAID controller with these features: J1 Activity LED Connector 1 SATA ports 0 Mounting bracket Form factor Low-profile Bus compatibility PCIe-X1 Ports 2 Connector, internal 2 RAID levels 0, 1 Simple Volume Yes PCIe X1 connector Disk drives SATA I (1.5Gbps), SATA II (3.
Chapter 2: About Your HostRAID Controller l 23 About the Adaptec 1225SA Controller The Adaptec 1225SA is a low-profile PCIe to 2 external port SATA II HostRAID controller with these features: External SATA connectors J1 LED Connector Mounting bracket PCIe X1 connector Form factor Low-profile Bus compatibility PCIe-X1 Ports 2 external SATA ports You can also connect one SATA drive enclosure with a port multiplier.
Kit Contents and System Requirements 3 In this chapter... Kit Contents............................................................................................................................ 25 System Requirements ............................................................................................................. 25 This chapter lists the contents of your HostRAID controller kit and the system requirements that must be met for you to successfully install and use your HostRAID controller.
Chapter 3: Kit Contents and System Requirements l 25 Kit Contents ● Adaptec SAS or SATA HostRAID controllers ● These utilities are embedded in the controller’s BIOS : ● Array Configuration Utility (ACU)—Used to create, configure, and manage arrays ● SerialSelect or SATASelect—Used to modify your controller and disk drive settings ● Disk Utilities—Used to format and verify disk drives ● HostRAID installation CD (bootable), including controller drivers, and this Guide ● Adaptec Storage Manager i
Installing the HostRAID Controller and Disk Drives 4 In this chapter... Before You Begin .................................................................................................................... 27 Installing the HostRAID Controller ...................................................................................... 27 Selecting Disk Drives.............................................................................................................. 28 Selecting SAS Cables ...................
Chapter 4: Installing the HostRAID Controller and Disk Drives l 27 Before You Begin ● Read the Safety Information on page 92. ● Familiarize yourself with your HostRAID controller’s physical features and the RAID levels that it supports (see page 14). ● Ensure that you have the right number of disk drives to achieve the desired RAID level (see page 64). ● Ensure that you have the proper cables for your controller and disk drives (see page 28 for SAS page 30 cables and for SATA cables).
Chapter 4: Installing the HostRAID Controller and Disk Drives l 28 6 Optional—Connect your HostRAID controller’s I2C connector (not available on all models) to an I2C connector on an internal backplane or enclosure, using an I2C cable. 7 Connect your disk drives, following the instructions on page 30 for SAS controllers or page 32 for SATA controllers. Selecting Disk Drives When selecting disk drives for your RAID array, ensure that all the disk drives have the same performance level.
Chapter 4: Installing the HostRAID Controller and Disk Drives l 29 External SFF-8088 to SFF-8088 cable Internal SFF-8484 to 4x SFF-8482 fanout cable Note: This cable is included in the Adaptec HostRAID 44300 and 48300 controller kit. It can be used to connect SAS or SATA disk drives Internal SFF-8484 to 4x SATA fanout cable Internal SFF-8484 to SFF-8484 cable Internal SFF-8087 to SFF-8484 cable Adaptec recommends using only Adaptec SAS cables.
Chapter 4: Installing the HostRAID Controller and Disk Drives l 30 Selecting SATA Cables You need one straight connector to straight connector SATA cable for each disk drive you are connecting to your SATA HostRAID controller. SATA cables are included in the kit. External SATA (eSATA) cable Internal 4x SATA to SFF-8484 fanout cable Internal SATA to SATA cables Note: These cables are included in the SATA HostRAID controller kit.
Chapter 4: Installing the HostRAID Controller and Disk Drives l 31 You have these connection options: ● Connecting Directly to the HostRAID Controller (see below). ● Connecting to a Backplane on page 31. Connecting Directly to the HostRAID Controller In a direct-attach connection, SAS or SATA disk drives are connected directly to a SAS HostRAID controller with SAS cables. The number of direct-attached disk drives is limited to four per internal SAS connector.
Chapter 4: Installing the HostRAID Controller and Disk Drives Disk drives on backplane 3 l 32 Controller connected to backplane with fan-out cable When all internal disk drives have been installed and connected, close your computer cabinet, reconnect the power cord. Installing the SAS HostRAID Controller to a SAS Expander You can use a SAS expander to connect multiple disk drives to your SAS HostRAID controller (or to multiple SAS HostRAID controllers).
Chapter 4: Installing the HostRAID Controller and Disk Drives 4 l 33 Select SATASelect (on SATA controller) and SerialSelect (on SAS controller) to verify the hardware configuration of the controller and the drives. Verify that all drives are shown. If anything appears to be missing, power down the computer and check the connections.
Chapter 4: Installing the HostRAID Controller and Disk Drives l 34 Next Steps If you are installing the driver and an operating system onto a bootable array, continue with Creating a Bootable Array on page 38. If you are completing a standard installation onto an existing operating system, continue with Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System on page 46.
Getting Started In this chapter... 5 Choosing a RAID Level.......................................................................................................... 36 Choosing Installation Options .............................................................................................. 36 Basic Installation Steps...........................................................................................................
Chapter 5: Getting Started l 36 Choosing a RAID Level Your HostRAID controller supports these RAID levels. RAID 0 (Non-redundant Array)—Stripes data across multiple disk drives. Improved performance but no redundancy. RAID 1 Array—Created from two disk drives where one disk drive is a mirror of the other (the same data is stored on each disk drive). Redundancy but reduced capacity. RAID 10 Array—Built from two or more equal-sized RAID 1 arrays, stripes and mirrors data across multiple disk drives.
Chapter 5: Getting Started 1 l 37 Install and connect your controller and internal disk drives (see page 26). If your controller has an external connector, you can also connect external disk drives, if required. 2 Install the controller driver (see page 47). 3 Install Adaptec Storage Manager and begin to manage your data storage (see page 50). Installing on an Existing Operating System 1 Install and connect your controller and internal disk drives (see page 26).
Creating a Bootable Array In this chapter... 6 Creating an Array ................................................................................................................... 39 Creating an Array with the ACU ........................................................................................... 39 Creating an Array with Adaptec Storage Manager ............................................................... 39 Making Your Array Bootable ...........................................................
Chapter 6: Creating a Bootable Array l 39 Creating an Array You can create a RAID 0, 1, or 10 array using one of these tools: ● Array Configuration Utility (ACU)—BIOS-based menus and keyboard navigation (see Appendix C, Using the ARC Utility). ● Adaptec Storage Manager—Graphical software application running from a bootable CD that you can navigate using your mouse (see About Adaptec Storage Manager on page 51).
Chapter 6: Creating a Bootable Array 3 l 40 Review the license information, then press Enter. The Main Menu opens. 4 Click Launch Configuration Utility. Adaptec Storage Manager opens. 5 Click Create. The Configuration wizard opens. 6 Select Express configuration..., then click Next. 7 Review the information that is displayed. Note: Adaptec Storage Manager uses the term logical drives when referring to arrays.
Installing the Driver and an Operating System 7 In this chapter... Before You Begin .................................................................................................................... 43 Creating a Driver Disk ........................................................................................................... 43 Installing with Windows ........................................................................................................ 43 Installing with Red Hat Linux .........
Chapter 7: Installing the Driver and an Operating System l 43 Before You Begin ● Install and connect your HostRAID controller and internal disk drives, (see page 26). ● Create a bootable array (see page 38). ● Creating a driver disk (next section). Note: For up-to-date operating system version support, visit www.adaptec.com. Creating a Driver Disk Before you install your driver, you must create a driver disk. You need a floppy disk to complete this task.
Chapter 7: Installing the Driver and an Operating System 4 Insert the driver disk, then wait until you are prompted to install a driver. 5 Press S to specify that the driver is on a floppy disk, then press Enter. l 44 The computer reads the disk. 6 When the Adaptec SAS or SATA driver is found, press Enter. 7 Follow the on-screen instructions to complete the installation. 8 Continue with Managing Your Storage Space on page 50.
Chapter 7: Installing the Driver and an Operating System l 45 Installing with NetWare Note: NetWare does not support drive enclosures with port multipliers but supports eSATA drives. You will need your NetWare Installation CD to complete this task. To install the driver when installing NetWare: 1 Restart your computer, then install NetWare. (For instructions, refer to your NetWare documentation.
Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System 8 In this chapter... Before You Begin .................................................................................................................... 47 Creating a Driver Disk or an Array ....................................................................................... 47 Installing on Windows XP or Windows 2003 ....................................................................... 47 Installing on Windows Vista............................
Chapter 8: Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System l 47 Before You Begin Before you begin, install and connect your HostRAID controller and internal disk drives (see page 26). You must also create a driver disk (see next section) before you begin installing the controller driver. Note: For up-to-date operating system version support, visit the Adaptec Web Site at www.adaptec.com. Creating a Driver Disk or an Array Before you install your driver, you will need to create a driver disk.
Chapter 8: Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System 3 Click Next, then click Next again. 4 Follow the on-screen instructions to complete the driver installation. 5 Remove the driver disk and restart your computer. 6 Continue with Managing Your Storage Space on page 50. l 48 Installing on Windows Vista 1 Insert the Windows setup CD. 2 When prompted to install a third-party driver, click Load Driver. 3 Select the driver and click Next. 4 The disk array is displayed.
Chapter 8: Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System 7 From the Driver Name menu, press the Insert key. 8 Insert the driver disk, press the Insert key, then press F3. 9 From the A:\ prompt, press Enter. l 49 The driver installs. 10 From the Additional Driver Option menu, select Return to driver summary, then press Enter. 11 From the Driver type menu, select Load on Additional Driver Options. 12 After the driver loads, select Continue.
Managing Your Storage Space In this chapter... 9 About Adaptec Storage Manager........................................................................................... 51 About the HRCONF Command Line Utility........................................................................ 51 About the ARC Utility............................................................................................................ 52 About the Adaptec Flash Utility ...........................................................
Chapter 9: Managing Your Storage Space l 51 About Adaptec Storage Manager Adaptec Storage Manager is a full-featured software application that helps you build a storage space for your data. With Adaptec Storage Manager, you can group disk drives into logical drives and build in redundancy to protect your data and improve system performance. Adaptec Storage Manager is included on the Adaptec Storage Manager Installation CD.
Chapter 9: Managing Your Storage Space l 52 About the ARC Utility The Adaptec RAID Configuration (ARC) utility is a BIOS-based utility that you can use to create and manage controllers, disk drives and other devices, and arrays. The ARC utility comprises these tools: ● Array Configuration Utility (ACU)—For creating and managing arrays, and initializing and rescanning disk drives. ● SerialSelect Utility—Used to change device and HostRAID controller settings.
Solving Problems In this chapter... 10 Troubleshooting Checklist ..................................................................................................... 54 Recovering from a Disk Drive Failure ................................................................................... 54 Resetting the Controller.........................................................................................................
Chapter 10: Solving Problems l 54 Troubleshooting Checklist If you encounter difficulties installing or using your HostRAID controller, check these items first: ● With your computer powered off, check the connections to each disk drive, the power supply, the LED connector, and so on. ● Try disconnecting and reconnecting disk drives from the HostRAID controller. ● Check that your HostRAID controller is installed in a compatible expansion slot.
Chapter 10: Solving Problems l 55 If the controller fails to rebuild the array, check that the cables, disk drives, and controllers are properly installed and connected. Then, if necessary, use Adaptec Storage Manager to rebuild the array. For instructions, refer to the Adaptec Storage Manager User’s Guide or online Help.
Chapter 10: Solving Problems l 56 5 Power off your computer, disconnect the power cord, then open the cabinet following the manufacturer’s instructions. 6 Disconnect all cables from the controller, then attach a shorting jumper to the Mode 0 flash connector. 7 Reconnect the power cord, power on your computer, then boot to the floppy disk containing the AFU.exe file (see Step 3). 8 At the prompt, type a:\afu update /c x, where x is the controller number.
Understanding RAID In this chapter... B RAID Technology Overview .................................................................................................. 65 RAID 0 (Non-RAID Arrays).................................................................................................. 65 RAID 1 Arrays ........................................................................................................................ 66 RAID 10 Arrays ................................................................
Appendix B: Understanding RAID ● 65 RAID Technology Overview RAID is the technology of grouping several physical drives into an array that you can define as one or more logical drives. Each logical drive appears to the operating system as a single drive. This grouping technique greatly enhances logical-drive capacity and performance beyond the physical limitations of a single physical drive.
Appendix B: Understanding RAID ● 66 Drive segment size is limited to the size of the smallest disk drive in the array. For instance, an array with two 250 GB disk drives and two 400 GB disk drives can create a RAID 0 drive segment of 250 GB, for a total of 1000 GB for the volume, as shown in the following figure. Disk Drive 1 250 GB Drive Segment Size (Smallest Disk Drive) Disk Drive 2 250 GB Disk Drive 1 1 Disk Drive 2 2 Disk Drive 3 400 GB Disk Drive 3 5 ... 6 ... 7 ...
Appendix B: Understanding RAID ● 67 Drive segment size is limited to the size of the smallest disk drive in the array. For instance, an array with two 250 GB disk drives and two 400 GB disk drives can create two mirrored drive segments of 250 GB, for a total of 500 GB for the array, as shown in the following figure. Disk Drive 1 Drive Segment Size (Smallest Disk Drive) 250 GB Disk Drive 2 250 GB Disk Drive 1 Disk Drive 2 Disk Drive 3 1 2 400 GB Disk Drive 3 3 ... 4 ... 3 ...
Introduction to SAS In this chapter... A Terminology Used in This Appendix .................................................................................... 58 What is SAS? ........................................................................................................................... 58 How Do SAS Devices Communicate? ................................................................................... 59 What’s a Phy? ..........................................................................
Appendix A: Introduction to SAS ● 58 Terminology Used in This Appendix For convenience, SAS HostRAID controllers are referred to generically in this appendix as SAS controllers, HBAs, disk drives, and external disk drive enclosures are referred to as end devices and expanders are referred to as expander devices. For convenience, this chapter refers to end devices and expander devices collectively as SAS devices.
Appendix A: Introduction to SAS ● 59 How Do SAS Devices Communicate? SAS devices communicate with each other through links. A link is a physical connection between two phys. As shown in the following figure, SAS devices contain ports which contain phys (see next section), and each phy contains one transmitter and one receiver (one transceiver). A phy can belong to one port only.
Appendix A: Introduction to SAS ● 60 SAS controller port options vary. A SAS controller with four phys could be configured with one wide port, with two wide ports that comprise two phys, or with four narrow ports each containing one phy. (A wide port with four phys is referred to as a 4-wide or 4x port.) What’s a SAS Address? Each SAS port is identified with a unique SAS address, which is shared by all phys on that port. For example, a SAS disk drive might have two narrow ports.
Appendix A: Introduction to SAS ● 61 In parallel SCSI, XX is the disk drive’s channel number, YY is the target number, and ZZ is the logical unit number (LUN). What are the SAS Connection Options? You can connect end devices to each other through direct cable connections and through backplane connections. When you use one or more expander devices (see page 61), you can create large configurations.
Appendix A: Introduction to SAS ● 62 You can connect up to 128 edge expanders to a fanout expander. You can use only one fanout expander in any single SAS domain (a topology of SAS—and possibly SATA—end devices and expander devices). A single SAS domain can therefore comprise up to 16,384 SAS ports (and therefore up to 16,384 SAS addresses).
Appendix A: Introduction to SAS Parallel SCSI Serial Attached SCSI User intervention required to set SCSI IDs SAS addresses self-configured by SAS devices Requires bus termination Requires no bus termination Standard SCSI connectors SAS connectors (see page 28) ● 63
Using the ARC Utility C In this chapter... Introduction to the ARC Utility ............................................................................................ 69 Running the ARC Utility........................................................................................................ 69 Creating and Managing Arrays.............................................................................................. 69 Using SerialSelect ..............................................................
Appendix C: Using the ARC Utility ● 69 Introduction to the ARC Utility The ARC utility comprises these tools: ● The Array Configuration Utility (ACU)—Used to create, configure, and manage arrays, and initialize and rescan disk drives. ● SerialSelect Utility (for SAS HostRAID controllers) or SATASelect Utility (for SATA HostRAID controllers)—Used to change device and HostRAID controller settings. ● Disk Utilities—Used to format or verify disk drives (see page 76).
Appendix C: Using the ARC Utility ● 70 Assigning Array Properties Once the array is created and its properties are assigned, you cannot change the array properties using the ACU. Instead, use Adaptec Storage Manager. See About Adaptec Storage Manager on page 51, for details. To assign properties to the new array: 1 In the Array Properties menu, select an array type, then press Enter. Only the available array types, RAID 0, 1, and 10 are displayed. RAID 0 and 1 requires two to four drives.
Appendix C: Using the ARC Utility 5 ● 71 ● The ACU allows you to use drives of different sizes in a RAID 1 or RAID 0. However, during a build operation, only the smaller drive can be selected as the source drive. ● When migrating from single volume to RAID 0, migrating from a larger drive to a smaller drive is allowed. However, the destination drive must be at least half the capacity of the source drive.
Appendix C: Using the ARC Utility ● 72 Deleting Arrays ! Caution: Back up the data on an array before you delete it. Otherwise, all data on the array is lost. Deleted arrays cannot be restored. To delete an existing array: 1 From the ACU menu, select Manage Arrays. 2 Select the array you wish to delete, then press Delete. 3 In the Array Properties dialog box, select Delete, then press Enter. For RAID 1 and 10 arrays: Warning: Deleting the array will render array unusable.
Appendix C: Using the ARC Utility ● 73 Managing Bootable Arrays and Devices Select the Manager Boot Unit option to add or remove a bootable array or single drive. 1 From the ACU menu, select Manage Boot Unit. 2 Use the up and down arrow keys to highlight the array or single drive you want to designate as a bootable device, then select Insert>Enter. Note: Adaptec 1225SA controller does not support bootable devices.
Appendix C: Using the ARC Utility ● 74 To access SerialSelect: 1 Restart the computer, then press Ctrl+A when prompted to access the ARC utility. 2 If multiple HostRAID controllers are installed, select the HostRAID controller you want to configure, then press Enter. 3 From the ARC menu, select SerialSelect Utility. 4 To select a menu option, browse with the arrow keys to the option, then press Enter. In some cases, selecting an option displays another menu.
Appendix C: Using the ARC Utility ● 75 SerialSelect Options Available Settings Description Physical Drives Display during Post Enabled Disabled When Enabled, connected physical devices are displayed during system POST. Displaying the devices adds a few seconds to the overall POST time. PHY Rate Auto, 1.5, 3.0 The data transfer rate between the HostRAID controller and devices. The default setting is Automatic, which allows the SAS HostRAID controller to adjust the speed as needed.
Appendix C: Using the ARC Utility ● 76 SATASelect Options The following table lists the available and default settings for each SATASelect option and the description of each option. The default settings are appropriate for most systems and appear in bold type in the table. Adaptec recommends that you do not change the settings. SATASelect Options Available Settings Description Runtime BIOS Enabled Disabled Disabled:Scan bus Controls the state of the BIOS at POST time.
Appendix C: Using the ARC Utility ● 77 To use the disk utilities: 1 Turn on your computer and press Ctrl+A when prompted to access the ARC utility. 2 From the ARC utility menu, select Disk Utilities. 3 Select the desired disk, then press Enter. ● Format Disk—Simulates a low-level format of the disk drive by writing zeros to the entire disk. SATA drives are low-level formatted at the factory and do not need to be low-level formatted again. ! Caution: Formatting destroys all data on the disk.
Appendix C: Using the ARC Utility ● ● 78 Direct attached drives—The connection is determined by the cable connected to a device, for example CN1 (connector 1) is connected to DEV1 (device 1). For more information, see Direct-Attach Connections on page 61. ● Storage Enclosure Processor (SEP) managed devices—The connection is determined by an active backplane. Box0 (enclosure 0) is connected to slot0 (disk drive slot 0 in the enclosure). For more information, see Backplane Connections on page 61.
Using the Adaptec Flash Utility for DOS D In this Appendix... Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 80 System Requirements ............................................................................................................. 80 Compatibility Information .................................................................................................... 80 Before You Begin ...........................
Appendix D: Using the Adaptec Flash Utility for DOS ● 80 Introduction The AFU is a text-based DOS utility used to update, save, or verify your HostRAID controller’s firmware BIOS and Non-Volatile Random Access Memory (NVRAM). The AFU is easy to use and contains safeguards to prevent you from accidentally damaging the HostRAID controller’s flash contents. Still, you must be careful to use the AFU correctly, otherwise, you could render the HostRAID controller inoperable.
Appendix D: Using the Adaptec Flash Utility for DOS ● 81 Creating the Firmware Kit On Floppy Disks To create the firmware floppy disks: 1 Create a bootable MS–DOS floppy disk and copy these files to it: ● AFU.exe ● Axxxx01.ufi where xxx is the model number of your controller. Note: Most controller model numbers have a suffix. Check that the .ufi file is the correct file for your controller before copying. 2 Copy each additional Axxxx0x.ufi file to a separate floppy disk.
Appendix D: Using the Adaptec Flash Utility for DOS 4 ● 82 Select Select an Operation and choose one of these options, then follow the on-screen instructions. ● Update—Updates all the flash components on a HostRAID controller with the flash image data from a User Flash Image (UFI) file. The AFU updates the HostRAID controller’s flash by reading UFI files and writing them to the controller’s flash components.
Appendix D: Using the Adaptec Flash Utility for DOS ● 83 LIST The LIST command displays the AFU-supported HostRAID controllers installed on your computer. Use this command to see which HostRAID controllers are installed, or to identify the ID numbers assigned to each physical controller. You do not have to restart the computer after completing this command. Example This example shows a typical system response to a LIST command: A:\> AFU LIST Adaptec Flash Utility V1.0-0 B1406 (c)Adaptec Inc. 1999–2005.
Appendix D: Using the Adaptec Flash Utility for DOS ● 84 A:\> AFU SAVE /C 0 In the following example, the AFU saves flash contents from Controller 1 to a UFI file in C:\UFI_FILES. A:\> AFU SAVE /C 1 /D C:\UFI_FILES UPDATE The UPDATE command updates a HostRAID controller’s flash components from the flash image data in a UFI file. You can use the UPDATE command to update a single HostRAID controller’s flash components or to update multiple HostRAID controllers on your computer.
Appendix D: Using the Adaptec Flash Utility for DOS ● 85 Example The following example shows a typical system response after a VERIFY command has been performed: A:\> AFU VERIFY /C 0 Adaptec Flash Utility V1.0-0 B1406 (c)Adaptec Inc. 1999–2005. All Rights Reserved.
Appendix D: Using the Adaptec Flash Utility for DOS 5 ● 86 Update the flash using the instructions suitable for your requirements: ● To update a single HostRAID controller: AFU UPDATE /C Where is the number of the RAID controller whose firmware you are updating.
HostRAID Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference E In this appendix... Adaptec 58300 Activity LED Connector Specification......................................................... 88 Adaptec 48300 Activity LED Connector Specification......................................................... 88 Adaptec 44300 Activity LED Connector Specification......................................................... 89 Adaptec 1430SA Activity LED and I2C Connector Specification........................................
Appendix E: HostRAID Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference ● 88 Adaptec 58300 Activity LED Connector Specification 2220600-R ASC-58300 RoHS Kit J3—Aggregate Activity LED Header Pin Number Signal Description 1 BUSYLED- Aggregate Cathode 2 +3.3V Aggregate Anode Note: Aggregate LED signals only. There is no I2C function on this controller as all ports are external.
Appendix E: HostRAID Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference ● 89 Adaptec 44300 Activity LED Connector Specification 2220300-R ASC-44300 RoHS Kit 2253900-R ASC-44300 RoHS Single J3—Aggregate Activity LED Header Pin Number Signal Description 1 BUSYLED- Aggregate Cathode 2 +3.3V Aggregate Anode Note: Aggregate LED signals only. There is no separate I2C connector. I2C signals are contained within the side band signals of the SFF-8484 connector.
Appendix E: HostRAID Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference ● J2—I2C Connector Pin Number Signal Description 1 TWSISDA I2C Data 2 GND Ground 3 TWSISCK I2C Clock J3—Aggregate LED Header Pin Number Signal Description 1 LED_SUM Aggregate Cathode 2 +3.3V Aggregate Anode J4—Activity LED Connector Pin Number Signal Description 22-55-2081 1 ACT_LED3- PORT 3 Cathode 2 2 +3.3V PORT 3 Anode 1 3 ACT_LED2- PORT 2 Cathode 4 4 +3.
Appendix E: HostRAID Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference J7—Aggregate Activity LED Header Pin Number Signal Description 1 LED_SUM Aggregate Cathode 2 +3.
Safety Information F To ensure your personal safety and the safety of your equipment: ● Keep your work area and the computer clean and clear of debris. ● Before opening the system cabinet, unplug the power cord. Electrostatic Discharge(ESD) ! Caution: ESD can damage electronic components when they are improperly handled, and can result in total or intermittent failures. Always follow ESD-prevention procedures when removing and replacing components.
Technical Specifications In this chapter... G Environmental Specifications................................................................................................ 94 DC Power Requirements........................................................................................................ 94 Current Requirements............................................................................................................
Appendix G: Technical Specifications Environmental Specifications Ambient temperature without forced airflow 0°C to 40° C Ambient temperature with forced airflow of atleast 200 CFM 0°C to 55° C Relative humidity 10% to 90%, noncondensing Altitude up to 3,000 meters Note: Forced airflow is recommended, but not required. DC Power Requirements PCI, PCI-X, PCIe Ripple and noise 50mV peak-to-peak (max) PCI, PCIX DC Voltage 5V ±5%, 3.3V ± 10% PCIe DC Voltage 3.
Glossary A activity See task. ACU Array Configuration Utility. An application used to create, configure, and manage arrays from the controller’s BIOS or MS-DOS. array A logical disk created from available space and made up of one or more segments on one or more physical disks. Arrays are typically used to provide data redundancy or enhanced I/O performance. See volume, RAID 0, RAID 1, RAID 10. Also known as a container. array initialization See configure. ATA AT Bus Attachment.
Glossary ● 96 build Background initialization of a redundant array. The array is accessible throughout. RAID 1 copies the contents of the primary drive to a secondary drive. See clear. bus See channel. C cache Fast-access memory on the controller that serves as intermediate storage for data that is read from, or written to, drives. capacity Total usable space available in megabytes or gigabytes.
Glossary ● 97 disk ID Unique disk identifier that consists of the channel number, SATA ID. For example, (channel:ID:LUN) 1:04:0. See channel. drive LED Disk indicator LED that illuminates during read or write operations. E event Notification or alert from the system, indicating that a change has occurred. event log File used to maintain information about prior controller activities or errors. event notification Process for transmitting events.
Glossary ● 98 L legacy disk Disk that contained a valid partition table when connected to the controller. The controller manages the disk as a legacy disk array where there is a one-to-one logical-to-physical mapping of array to disk. logical device Volume comprised of space from one or more physical drives and presented to the operating system as if it were a single storage unit. low-level format Process performed by the drive firmware that completely cleans any data off the hard disk.
Glossary ● 99 R RAID Redundant Array of Independent Disks (alternative definition Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks). RAID 0 A single-level array consisting of two or more equal-sized segments residing on different disks. RAID 0 distributes data evenly across its respective drives in equal-sized sections called stripes. RAID 0 arrays are not redundant. RAID 1 Single-level array consisting of two equal segments residing on two different drives.
Glossary ● 100 stripe size The amount of data in each section of a striped array. striped array See RAID 0, RAID 10. T task An operation that occurs only on the RAID controller, asynchronous to all other operations; for example, initializing a disk or verifying an array. Some tasks can take an extended period of time, particularly if the RAID controller is also performing intensive data I/O while the task is running. V verify Low-level check that a drive, logical device, or hot spare is good.
Index A ACU creating arrays 69 Adaptec customer support 3 Adaptec Flash Utility. See AFU Adaptec RAID Configuration Utility. See HRCONF Adaptec Storage Manager installing 51 AFU 80 Array Configuration Utility.
Index SAS direct-attach 31 L links (SAS) 59 Linux driver installation 48 N NetWare driver installation 48 non-RAID arrays 65 P phys 59 R RAID definition 65 RAID 0 65 RAID 1 66 RAID 10 66 recovering from disk drive failure Red Hat driver installation 48 Redundant Array of Independent Disks.
Index SATASelect 75 W Windows driver installation 47 ● 96
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