User's Manual

PN 8100-40 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 7-37
620004-0 Rev. B
Link Budget Analysis
the mobiles under close-loop power control is similar to the power level transmitted
under open-loop power control. The open-loop power control equation is
P
TX
+ P
RX
= –73 dBm (for Cellular, IS-95)
P
TX
+ P
RX
= –76 dBm (for PCS, J-STD-008)
where P
TX
is the mobile’s transmitted power and P
RX
is the power received by the
mobile.
The power level transmitted under closed-loop power control is adjusted by the base
station to achieve a certain E
b
/N
0
(explained in Table 7-30 on page 7-37). The differ-
ence between these power levels, ∆
P
, can be estimated by comparing the power radi-
ated from the RAU, P
downink
, to the minimum received signal, P
uplink
, at the RAU:
∆
P
= P
downink
+ P
uplink
+ 73 dBm (for Cellular)
∆
P
= P
downink
+ P
uplink
+ 76 dBm (for PCS)
It’s a good idea to keep –12 dB < ∆
P
< 12 dB.
Table 7-30 provides link budget considerations for CDMA systems.
Table 7-30 Additional Link Budget Considerations for CDMA Systems
Consideration Description
Multipath Fade
Margin
The multipath fade margin can be reduced (by at least 3 dB) by using different lengths of optical fiber (this
is called “delay diversity”). The delay over fiber is approximately 5µS/km. If the difference in fiber
lengths to Expansion Hubs with overlapping coverage areas produces at least 1 chip (0.8µS) delay of one
path relative to the other, then the multipaths’ signals can be resolved and processed independently by the
base station’s rake receiver. A CDMA signal traveling through 163 meters of MMF cable will be delayed
by approximately one chip.
Power per car-
rier, downlink
This depends on how many channels are active. For example, the signal will be about 7 dB lower if only
the pilot, sync, and paging channels are active compared to a fully-loaded CDMA signal. Furthermore, in
the CDMA forward link, voice channels are turned off when the user is not speaking. On average this is
assumed to be about 50% of the time. So, in the spreadsheet, both the power per Walsh code channel (rep-
resenting how much signal a mobile will receive on the Walsh code that it is de-spreading) and the total
power are used.
The channel power is needed to determine the maximum path loss, and the total power is needed to deter-
mine how hard the LGCell is being driven.
The total power for a fully-loaded CDMA signal is given by (approximately):
total power =
voice channel power + 13 dB + 10log
10
(50%)
= voice channel power + 10 dB
Information Rate This is simply
10log
10
(9.6 Kbps) = 40 dB for rate set 1
10log
10
(14.4 Kbps) = 42 dB for rate set 2