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Advance Technologies; Automate the World.

Manual Revision: 2.02

Revision Date: August 26, 2008

Part No: 50-11236-1010

PCI-9524

24-Bit Precision Load Cell Input Card

User’s Manual

Summary of content (92 pages)

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PCI-9524 24-Bit Precision Load Cell Input Card User’s Manual Manual Revision: 2.02 Revision Date: August 26, 2008 Part No: 50-11236-1010 Advance Technologies; Automate the World.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology, Inc. Copyright 2008 Revision History ii Revision Release Date Description of Change(s) 2.00 2008/04/09 Document Created Initial Release 2.01 2008/05/30 Minor revision 2.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual Preface Copyright 2008 ADLINK TECHNOLOGY INC. This document contains proprietary information protected by copyright. All rights are reserved. No part of this manual may be reproduced by any mechanical, electronic, or other means in any form without prior written permission of the manufacturer.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 98, Windows® NT, Windows® 2000, Windows® XP, and Windows® Vista® are registered trademarks of Microsoft® Corporation. PCI™, is a registered trademark of the Peripheral Component Interconnect Special Interest Group (PCI-SIG). Product names mentioned herein are used for identification purposes only and may be trademarks and/or registered trademarks of their respective companies.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual Using this Manual Audience and Scope The PCI-9524 User’s Manual is intended for hardware technicians and systems operators with knowledge of installing, configuring and operating industrial grade PCI cards.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 Conventions Take note of the following conventions used throughout this manual to make sure that users perform certain tasks and instructions properly. Additional information, aids, and tips that help users perform tasks. NOTE: vi CAUTION: Information to prevent minor physical injury, component damage, data loss, and/or program corruption when trying to complete a task.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual Getting Service Contact us should you require any service or assistance. ADLINK TECHNOLOGY INC. (HEADQUARTERS) Web Site: Sales & Service: Telephone No.: Fax No.: Mailing Address: http://www.adlinktech.com service@adlinktech.com +886-2-8226-5877 +886-2-8226-5717 9F No. 166 Jian Yi Road, Chungho City, Taipei 235, Taiwan ADLINK TECHNOLOGY AMERICA INC. Sales & Service: Toll-Free: Fax No.: Mailing Address: info@adlinktech.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 ADLINK TECHNOLOGY INC. (EUROPEAN Liaison Office) Sales & Service: Telephone No.: Fax No.: Mailing Address: emea@adlinktech.com +49-211-495-5552 +49-211-495-5557 Nord Carree 3, 40477 Düsseldorf, Germany ADLINK TECHNOLOGY JAPAN CORP. Sales & Service Telephone No. Fax No. Mailing Address japan@adlinktech.com +81-3-4455-3722 +81-3-5333-6040 Asahiseimei Hatagaya Bld. 8Fl. 1-1-2 Hatagaya Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Japan ADLINK TECHNOLOGY INC.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual Table of Contents PCI-9524..................................................................................... i Revision History...................................................................... ii Preface .................................................................................... iii Table of Contents................................................................... ix List of Figures ............................................
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual 3.3.5 ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 Interfacing Isolated DI with External Devices ........... 45 4 Operation Theory .............................................................. 47 4.1 PCI-9524 Function Diagram .............................................. 47 4.2 Analog Input Channels....................................................... 48 4.2.1 Signal Acquisition and Processing Flow ................... 48 4.2.2 How to Define a 1 in 200,000 Count Resolution......
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual 5.2 Auto-calibration.................................................................. 74 5.3 Saving Calibration Constants ............................................ 74 Important Safety Instructions ..............................................
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual List of Figures Figure 1-1: Figure 1-2: Figure 1-3: Figure 1-4: PCI-9524 Product Image ................................................. 1 Effective-number-of-bits vs. Gain .................................... 9 RMS Noise in µV vs. Gain ............................................... 9 Spectral Response ±10 V range, 0.996094 Hz sine wave, -1 dB FS ................................. 10 Figure 1-5: Spectral Response ±5 V range, 0.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 Figure 3-16: Connecting to an external inductive load from an isolated DO sink driver ..................................... 44 Figure 3-17: Connecting to a low-side push button............................ 45 Figure 3-18: Connecting to an external sink driver ............................ 46 Figure 4-1: PCI-9524 Function Diagram ..........................................
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual List of Tables Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table 1-1: 1-2: 1-3: 1-4: 1-5: 1-6: 1-7: 1-8: Table Table Table Table Table 1-9: 1-10: 1-11: 3-1: 4-1: Table 4-2: Table 4-3: Table 4-4: Table 4-5: Table 4-6: Table 4-7: List of Tables -3dB small signal bandwidth: (Typical, 25°C) .................. 4 System Noise (including Quantization, Typical, 25°C) .... 4 Transducer Input Impedance...........................................
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 1 PCI-9524 User’s Manual Introduction The ADLINK PCI-9524 is a 24-bit high-resolution multifunction DAQ card capable of up to 30 kS/s sampling rate, providing 4-CH load-cell transducer input channels, and 4-CH general purpose analog input. In addition, the PCI-9524 comes with a 2-CH 16-bit analog output, isolated motion I/O and digital I/O.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 1.1 Features PCI-9524 24-bit multifunction DAQ card provides the following advanced features: X Supports 32-bit 3.3 V or 5V PCI bus X Load-cell transducer input channels X Z 4-CH differential analog input with remote-sense Z 4-CH transducer excitation, 10 V or 2.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 Input Range ±200 mV PCI-9524 User’s Manual Data Rate in SPS System Noise in LSBrms RMS Res. in Bits (ENOB) Peak Res. in Bits RMS Res in µV Peak Res. in µV 316 3.7 20.1 17.1 0.101 0.742 463 5.5 19.6 16.4 0.146 1.113 595 6.9 19.2 16.4 0.185 1.351 704 8.9 18.9 15.9 0.243 1.748 768 10.9 18.6 15.5 0.306 2.305 819 12.6 18.4 15.4 0.328 2.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 Table 1-5: Settling Error: (Typical, 25°C) Input Range Condition Settling Error ±200 mV Scanning 200 mV step max 0.01% X Time-base source: Internal 40 MHz X Trigger mode: post-trigger X Offset error: X Z Before calibration: ±0.5 mV typical Z After calibration: ±0.001 mV typical (auto-zero disabled), < ±0.001 mV typical (auto-zero enabled) Transfer Linearity: Z X Better than: ±0.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual Table 1-6: Programmable input range and gain Bipolar Input Range Gain ±10 V 1 ±5 V 2 ±2.5 V 4 ±1.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 Table 1-8: -3dB small signal bandwidth vs. sampling rates, in ±10V range 8 Sampling Rate In Samples-per-second (SPS) Bandwidth (-3 dB) 2.5 1.1 Hz 5 2.2 Hz 10 4.4 Hz 15 6.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual System Noise (LSBrms, including Quantization, Typical, 25ºC) Figure 1-2: Effective-number-of-bits vs. Gain ENOB vs PGA Gain [Input = AGND] 25 24 23 ENOB [bits] 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 2 5 10 15 25 30 50 60 100 500 1000 2000 3750 7500 15000 30000 7500 15000 30000 Sam pling Rate [Sam ples per Second] Gain = 1 Gain = 2 Gain = 4 Gain = 8 Figure 1-3: RMS Noise in µV vs.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 Spectral Response (At 30,000-SPS, Typical, 25ºC) Figure 1-4: Spectral Response ±10 V range, 0.996094 Hz sine wave, -1 dB FS Input Signal = 996.094 Hz @ -1 dBFS, S ampling rate = 30 KHz 0 S INAD = 99.5171 dB -20 S NR = 101.0395 dB THD = -104.8086 -40 E NOB = 16.2387 bit Magnitude (dB) S FDR = 105.8299 -60 -80 -100 -120 -140 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 Frequency (Hz) 12000 14000 Figure 1-5: Spectral Response ±5 V range, 0.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual Figure 1-6: Spectral Response ±2.5 V range, 0.996094 Hz sine wave, -1 dB FS Input Signal = 996.094 Hz @ -1 dBFS, Sampling rate = 30 KHz 0 SINA D = 97.5555 dB -20 SNR = 98.0951 dB THD = -106.8792 -40 ENOB = 15.9129 bit Magnitude (dB ) SFDR = 106.1694 -60 -80 -100 -120 -140 -160 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 Frequency (Hz) 12000 14000 Figure 1-7: Spectral Response ±1.25 V range, 0.996094 Hz sine wave, -1 dB FS Input Signal = 996.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 Frequency Response (vs. normalized sampling frequencies): Figure 1-8: Frequency Response Sampling at 30,000 SPS Frequency Response versus Norm. Sampling Frequency 0 -20 Attenuation (dB) -40 -60 -80 -100 -120 0.00 0.17 0.33 0.50 0.67 0.83 1.00 Normalized Sampling Frequency (Fs) Figure 1-9: Frequency Response Sampling at 15,000 SPS Frequency Response versus Norm.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual Figure 1-10: Frequency Response Sampling below 15,000 SPS Frequency Response versus Norm. Sampling Frequency 0 -20 Attenuation (dB) -40 -60 -80 -100 -120 0.00 0.17 0.33 0.50 0.67 0.83 1.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 Table 1-11: Settling Error: (Typical, 25ºC) Input Range Settling Error ±10 V Scanning 20 Vpp <0.0005% ±5 V Scanning 10 Vpp <0.0005% ±2.5 V Scanning 5 Vpp <0.0005% ±1.25 V Scanning 2.5 Vpp <0.0005% X Time-base source: Internal 40 MHz X Trigger mode: post-trigger X Offset error: X 14 Condition Z Before calibration: ±2 mV typical 25ºC Z After calibration: ±0.1 mV typical 25ºC Gain error: Z Before calibration: ±0.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual Analog Output (AO) X Number of channels: 2 analog voltage outputs X D/A converter: DAC8812 X Maximum update rate: 10 K sample/s X Resolution: 16-bit X Data transfers: Programmed I/O X Output range: ±10 V X Settling time (0.1% of full scale): 2 µs X Slew rate: 15 V/µS X Output coupling: DC X Protection: Short-circuit to ground, indefinitely X Output impedance: 0.1 Ω max X Output driving: ±5 mA max.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 Isolated Pulse Command Outputs X Number of channels: 3 X Output type: AM26LS31 differential line-driver X Compliant to ANSI TIA/EIA-422-B and ITU Recommendation V.11 standards X Logic Compatibility: 5V TTL with complementary output X Output voltage: Z Logic low: VOL = 0.5 V max.; IOL = 20 mA max. Z Logic high: VOH = 2.4 V min.; IIH = -20 mA max.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual Isolated Digital Inputs X Number of channels: 8 X Input type: Bipolar, resistive differential X Input impedance: 2.7 KΩ || 250 pF X Input voltage: Z Logic low: VIL = 0.7 V max. Z Logic high: VIH = 4.8 V min. Z Logic high: VIH = 24 V max.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 Isolated Power Supplies X Number of channels: 2 X Nominal output voltage X X Z ISO5VDD: 5 V ±0.05V Z ISOPWR: 5 V ±0.15V Output current (Pulse Command channels are unused) Z ISO5VDD: 160 mA max. Z ISOPWR: 16 mA max. Maximum output current (nth channel of Pulse Command channel is used) Z ISO5VDD: 160 - (20 x n) mA max. Z ISOPWR:1 6mA max.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual 1.4 Software Support Software Support ADLINK provides versatile software drivers and packages to suit various user approach to building a system. Aside from programming libraries, such as DLLs, for most Windows-based systems, ADLINK also provides drivers for other application environment such as LabVIEW®. All software options are included in the ADLINK All-in-One CD. Commercial software drivers are protected with licensing codes.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 2 PCI-9524 User’s Manual Getting Started This chapter further describes the PCI-9524; a proper installation environment, its package contents and basic information users should be aware of. 2.1 Installation Environment Whenever unpacking and preparing to install any equipment described in this manual, please refer to the Important Safety Instructions chapter of this manual.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 the equipment and its associated components have no damage before installing. CAUTION: The equipment must be protected from static discharge and physical shock. Never remove any of the socketed parts except at a static-free workstation. Use the anti-static bag shipped with the product to handle the equipment and wear a grounded wrist strap when servicing. 2.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 2.4 Installing the Card To install the card: 1. Turn off the system/chassis and disconnect the power plug from the power source. 2. Remove the system/chassis cover. 3. Select the PCI slot that you intend to use, then remove the bracket opposite the slot, if any. 4. Align the card connectors (golden fingers) with the slot, then press the card firmly until the card is completely seated on the slot. 5. Secure the card to the chassis with a screw.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual 2.5 PCI Configuration 1. Plug and Play: As a plug and play component, the card requests an interrupt number via its PCI controller. The system BIOS responds with an interrupt assignment based on the card information and on known system parameters. These system parameters are determined by the installed drivers and the hardware load recognized by the system.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 3 PCI-9524 User’s Manual Signal Connections This chapter describes the connectors of PCI-9524, and the signal connections between PCI-9524 and external devices. Please see Figure 3-1, Figure 3-2 and Figure 3-3 for details. X CN1/CN2 - 68-pin VHDCI Connector X SSI - SSI Connector 3.1 Connectors & Pin Assignments PCI-9524 is equipped with two 68-pin VHDCI connectors. They are used for digital input/output, analog input/output, etc.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual Table 3-1: I/O Signal Descriptions Signal Name AIn+ VEXn+ VEX_SENn+ Reference AIn- VEXn- VEX_SENn+ AGND -- AOn AGND PULSEn_A+ PULSEn_A- Direction Description Input Differential analog input channels. Channels 0 to 3 are for load-cell transducer inputs (1) (2), and channels 4 to 7 are for general purpose analog inputs. Output Analog outputs for transducer voltage excitation, in selectable ranges of 2.5V or 10V.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 ISO5VDD ISOGND Output Isolated 5V output from internal regulator. Insignificant driving capacity, used for resistor pull-ups only. ISOPWR ISOGND Output Isolated 5V output from internal regulator. Insignificant driving capacity, used for resistor pull-ups only. May be modified to have 12 V output capability.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual 3.2 Analog Input Signal Connections PCI-9524 provides eight differential analog input channels. To avoid ground loops and to achieve accurate low-level-signal measurements the PCI-9524 provides only differential input mode. 3.2.1 Signal Sources Ground-Referenced Signal Sources A ground-referenced signal is connected in some way to the buildings power system.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 Figure 3-4: Connecting to a four-terminal load-cell transducer using a four-wire connection +Vex VEXn+ VEX_SENn+ VEXn- -Vex VEX_SENnAIn+ AIn- +Vo NC NC -Vo Load-cell Transducer PCI-9524 It is recommended to enable the remote-sense function, and loopback the VEXn+/- to VEX_SENn+/- on the terminal board you're using when connecting to the transducer.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual Figure 3-5: Connecting to a six-terminal load-cell transducer using a six-wire connection +Vex VEXn+ +Sense VEX_SENn+ VEXn- -Vex VEX_SENnAIn+ -Sense AInNC +Vo NC -Vo Load-cell Transducer Whether to use a six-wire connection is dependent on the impedance of the load-cell transducers you are using, length of the wiring cable, wire-gauge inside the cable, and the required measurement accuracy.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 Figure 3-6: Connecting to a four-terminal load-cell transducer using a six-wire connection +Vex VEXn+ VEX_SENn+ VEXn- -Vex VEX_SENnAIn+ AInNC +Vo NC -Vo Load-cell Transducer PCI-9524 Differential input mode for general purpose input channels AI channels 4 to 7 are designed for connecting to ground-referenced or floating sources in differential mode.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual Figure 3-8 shows how to connect a floating signal source to PCI9524 in differential input mode. For floating signal sources, you need to add a resistor at each channel to provide a bias return path. The resistor value should be about 100 times the equivalent source impedance.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 3.3 Isolated Digital Signal Connection PCI-9524 provides three opto-isolated encoder input channels, three opto-isolated pulse-command outputs, eight channel optoisolated digital inputs as well as eight channel isolated digital outputs. Also, a built-in isolated power supply can be used as a resistors pull-up source. 3.3.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual Line-driver outputs A Line-driver output stage is of differential output type, providing a normal output and a complementary output for each signal port. A Line-driver usually works at a much lower supply voltage and can toggle quickly. By utilizing differential transmission topology, the transmission distance can be extended considerably and with relatively low EMI.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual 3.3.2 ADLINK Technology Inc.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual 3.3.3 ADLINK Technology Inc.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 3.3.4 PCI-9524 User’s Manual Interfacing Isolated DO with External Loads Connecting to external resistive loads Figure 3-15 presents connecting to external resistive loads. The left side illustrates driving an external LED using the internal ISOPWR source; the right side illustrates driving an external 5W, 24-VDC Bulb using an external power supply.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 3.3.5 PCI-9524 User’s Manual Interfacing Isolated DI with External Devices Connecting to a low-side push button Alternatively, the push button can be connected at the high-side, i.e. between the ISOVDD and IDn+ pins. Also, the IDIn+ and IDIncan be interchanged, since the opto-coupler accepts bipolar input signals. Figure 3-17: Connecting to a low-side push button 5 VDC ISO5VDD IDIn+ 2.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 Connecting to an external sink driver The sink driver can also be replaced by a mechanical switch, a proximity-sensor, etc. An external power-supply can be used instead of the internal isolated power source. Figure 3-18: Connecting to an external sink driver 5 VDC ISO5VDD IDIn+ 2.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 4 PCI-9524 User’s Manual Operation Theory The operation theory of the functions of PCI-9524 are described in this chapter. The functions include A/D conversion, D/A conversion, pulse-commands, encoder inputs, and isolated digital I/O. Operation theory helps users understand how to configure and program PCI-9524. 4.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 4.2 Analog Input Channels The following sub-sections depict the internal operations of signal amplification, conversion, post-processing, and calibration. 4.2.1 Signal Acquisition and Processing Flow PCI-9524 was designed to detect weak signals through proper signal conditioning, amplification and digital post filtering, as depicted.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual There are four programmable post-processing IIR digital filter banks (2), one for each load-cell transducer input channel. Each bank is a fixed-coefficient, variable-length IIR digital filter, and can be instructed to flush itself once a large input-step is observed.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 For example, a measurement device that is capable of resolving 1 in 1000 counts, can successfully register a 1-gram change on a 1kg capacity load-cell transducer. Consequently, a measurement device that is capable of resolving 1 in 200,000 counts, can successfully register a 1-gram change on a 200-kg capacity load-cell transducer.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual minutes, and the ambient temperature fluctuation is within ± 1ºC throughout. 4.2.3 Data Rate versus Sampling Rate Due to the internal delay time and manipulations required for autozeroing and remote-sensing functions, the 'Sampling Rate' that the ADC is actually running at can be different from the actual 'Data Rate'. In the following sections, the term 'Sampling Rate' and 'Data Rate' are of different meaning.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 is programmed to have 400-µs default settling time, and this works best with low impedance transducers, such as 120 or 350-ohm load-cells. Insufficient settling time may causes interchannel crosstalk; the new signal will not be able to fully settle to its final value, and some 'residual' signals in the previous measurement will be present in the current measurement.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual Table 4-1: Data Rates vs. Multiplexing, Auto-zero & ADC Sampling Rates, in Samples-per-second (SPS) ADC Sampling Rate 30,000 15,000 7,500 3,750 2,000 1,000 500 100 60* 50** 30* 25** 15* 10*** 5*** 2.5*** NOTE: 4.2.5 Non-multiplexed Auto-zero Auto-zero Disabled Enabled 818.73 30,000 768.40 15,000 703.53 7,500 594.74 3,750 462.66 2,000 316.32 1,000 193.75 500 47.26** 100 29.00 60 24.29 50 14.74 30 12.32 25 7.44 15 4.97 10 2.49 5 1.25 2.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 Figure 4-3: SINC Filter Power Line Noise Rejection at 60 Hz Multiples Sinc Response 0 Attenuation (dB) -20 -40 -60 Sinc Response -80 -100 -120 0.00 30.00 60.00 90.00 120.00 150.00 180.00 Frequency (Hz) The power line frequency is either 50 or 60-HZ in most countries. For sampling rates supporting power line noise rejection, please refer to the notes after Table 4-1 for your reference.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual ing pins. For channels that are not connected to a transducer, feedback the excitation voltage to the corresponding remote-sensing pins directly on the terminal board. Please refer to section 3.2 for details. PCI-9524 applies simulated AC excitation to the load-cell transducers and must respond quickly toward the excitation voltage change, otherwise amplitude attenuation will occur.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 Table 4-2: Temperature Coefficient of different metal junctions Junction Type Temperature Coefficient ( µV/ºC ) Copper–Copper < 0.3 Copper–Gold 0.5 Copper–Silver 0.5 Copper–Lead-Tin Solder 1 to 3 Copper–Brass 3 Copper–Aluminum 5 Copper–Nickel 10 Copper–Copper Oxide > 500 Wiring made to connect the load-cell and PCI-9524, inevitably creates multiple metal junctions.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual sampling rate. Also note that the output data rate is 29.5 SPS rather than 60 SPS, due to auto-zeroing. As the sampling rate changes, the notches' frequency change accordingly. Figure 4-4: The Effect of Auto-zero on Thermal Noise and 1/f Noise, ADC running at 60 SPS Effect of Auto-zero on Thermal noise and 1/f Noise 0 -20 Attenuation (dB) -40 -60 -80 -100 -120 0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual 4.2.8 ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 Warm-up Requirement PCI-9524 requires sufficient warm-up time before operation to achieve its specified accuracy. Typically a 25-minute warm-up time is required. Specifications are tested after 2-hour warm-up. 4.2.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual Figure 4-5: Digital Filter Tap Length Effects on Signal Frequency Responses 0 0 -20 -20 -40 -40 -60 -60 -80 -80 -100 -100 0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 0 0 -20 -20 -40 -40 -60 -60 -80 -80 -100 -100 0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 0 0 -20 -20 -40 -40 -60 -60 -80 -80 -100 0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 -100 0.00 0.25 0.50 0.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 In order to improve filter settling time, a threshold detection block was added in front of each digital filter bank. The threshold detection block continuously compares the previous output from the digital filter, to the current conversion results from the ADC. Once the difference exceeds a predefined threshold, the filter is commanded to flush its internal data with the new data.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual Table 4-3: Default Threshold Values (ADC counts) vs. ADC Sampling Rates ADC Sampling Rate 4.2.10 30,000 Threshold Counts 268 15,000 176 7,500 188 3,750 104 2,000 90 1,000 56 500 46 100 22 60 16 50 14 30 12 25 10 15 8 10 8 5 8 2.5 8 RAW Data Format To maximize data processing flexibility, it is possible for users to deal with raw data directly, rather than scaled data.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 Bypassing the API's internal software calibrating mechanism may, however, invalidate the specified absolute accuracy. The 'Channel No.' ranges from 0 to 3, indicating which of the input channels of that analog input group is converted during auto-scan mode. This represents channels 0 to 3 for transducer input channels, and channels 4 to 7 for general purpose input channels. If auto-scan is disabled, the Channel No. will remain at zero.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual Table 4-5: Bipolar analog input ranges and output digital codes for transducer input channels AD Code (Hex) Count (Decimal) 199,999 µV 7FFFFF 8388607 Midscale +1LSB 0.0238 µV 000001 1 Midscale 0 µV 000000 0 Midscale -1LSB -0.0238 µV FFFFFF -1 -FSR -200,000 µV 800000 -8388608 Description Analog Input Range Full-scale Range ±200,000 µV Least significant bit (LSB) 0.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual 4.2.12 ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 Data Transfer Modes Fast-polling data transfer (non-buffering programmed I/O) The fast-polling mode in PCI-9524 benefits timing sensitive applications such as servo-control-loops that require retrieving the latest data without FIFO buffering latency. PCI-9524 continuously updates the latest acquired data onto a data port for that specific channel.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual By using a high-level programming library for high speed DMA data acquisition, users simply need to assign the sampling period and the number of conversions into their specified counters. After the AD trigger condition is met, the data will be transferred to the system memory by the bus-mastering DMA. In a multi-user or multi-tasking OS, such as Microsoft Windows, Linux, and so on, it is difficult to allocate a large continuous memory block.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 Most software drivers provide easy access for users to handle scatter-gather DMA functions, and sample programs are also provided in the ADLINK All-in-One CD. 4.2.13 Trigger Modes PCI-9524 supports a post-trigger mode, which initiates data acquisition timing right after a trigger event occurs. A trigger event occurs when the specified condition is detected on the selected trigger source.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual 4.3 D/A Conversion There are two single-ended channels of 16-bit analog outputs available on PCI-9524. They support software polling to update the output status. Therefore, the update rate is fully controlled by software timing. PCI-9524 supports a maximum ±10V voltage output. Table 4-7 illustrates the relationship between 2's Complement coded binary and output voltage.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 Encoders using open-drain/open-collector output stages can generally go as high as 500-kHz pulses per second. For higher speed applications, use encoders with differential line-driver output stages. To ensure low EMI leakage, use twisted pair cabling for high-speed differential signal transmissions.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual 4.5 Isolated Pulse-Command Generator There are three opto-isolated differential pulse output channels in PCI-9524, supporting typical servo amplifiers equipped with optoisolated inputs and/or differential line-receivers. Each pulse-command channel can be programmed to support single phase or dual phase operations, including DIR/CLK and CW/CCW direction control. The pulse-command generator has two operating modes, Burst mode and Infinite Mode.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual 4.6.1 ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 Isolated Digital Inputs PCI-9524 has isolated digital inputs based on non-polarity optocoupler devices, and accepts input signals in either direction. Each isolated digital input can be connected to external devices with different common-mode voltages, without interfering with each other. 4.6.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual This trigger source can work together with an external opticalapproximation-sensor and starts AI acquisition when the target test device is placed in an appropriate position. Users can program the trigger polarity through ADLINK's software drivers easily. Note that the level of the external digital trigger signal shall be compliant with the transition thresholds of the isolated digital input, with a minimum pulse width of 1ms.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 the specimen-under-test to a certain level before the AI acquisition starts. For applications that do not need pulse-command channel #0, this trigger source can be used to turn post-trigger mode to delay-trigger mode; by specifying the pulse frequency and pulse count, and starting the pulse-command generator, the AI acquisition starts immediately after the duration pulse_counts x ( 1 / pulse_frequency) has expired.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 5 PCI-9524 User’s Manual Calibration This chapter introduces the calibration process to minimize AD measurement errors and DA output errors. 5.1 Loading Calibration Constants The PCI-9524 is factory calibrated before shipment by writing the associated calibration constants of TrimDACs firmware to the onboard EEPROM. TrimDACs firmware is the algorithm in the FPGA.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 5.2 Auto-calibration By using the auto-calibration feature of PCI-9524, the calibration software can measure and minimize measurement errors without external signal connections, reference voltages, or measurement devices. PCI-9524 has an on-board calibration reference to ensure the accuracy of auto-calibration. The reference voltage is measured on the production line through a digital potentiometer and compensated in the software.
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ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 PCI-9524 User’s Manual Important Safety Instructions For user safety, please read and follow all instructions, WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, and NOTES marked in this manual and on the associated equipment before handling/operating the equipment. X Read these safety instructions carefully. X Keep this user’s manual for future reference. X Read the specifications section of this manual for detailed information on the operating environment of this equipment.
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PCI-9524 User’s Manual X Never attempt to fix the equipment. Equipment should only be serviced by qualified personnel. X A Lithium-type battery may be provided for uninterrupted, backup or emergency power. CAUTION: X 76 ADLINK Technology Inc. Copyright 2008 RISK OF EXPLOSION IF BATTERY IS REPLACED BY AN INCORECT TYPE. DISPOSE OF USED BATTERIES ACCORDING TO THEIR INSTRUCTIONS.