Express 6100/6120 IDSL Router/Bridge Part Numbers 1200176L1/L4 Document Number 61200176L1-1B July 2000
Trademarks: DMS-100 is a trademark of Northern Telecom, Inc. Ethernet is a trademark of Digital Equipment Corporation, Intel Corporation, and Xerox Corporation. Expert ISDN (patent number 5,715,241) is a trademark of ADTRAN, Inc. Macintosh is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. Novell, NetWare, and Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) are registered trademarks of Novell, Inc. Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. 5ESS is a registered trademark of LUCENT.
FCC regulations require that the following information be provided in this manual: 1. This equipment complies with Part 68 of the FCC rules. On the bottom or side of this equipment is a label that ocntains, among other information, the FCC Registration Number and Ringer Equivalence Number (REN), if applicable, for this equipment. If required, this information must be given to the telephone company. 2.
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE STATEMENT: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment.
CANADIAN EMISSIONS REQUIREMENTS This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the interferencecausing equipment standard entitled "Digital Apparatus," ICES-003 of the Department of Communications.
The Load Number (LN) assigned to each terminal device denotes the percentage of the total load to be connected to a telephone loop which is used by the device, to prevent overloading. The termination on a loop may consist of any combination of devices subject only to the requirement that the total of the Load Numbers of all devices does not exceed 100.
IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS When using your telephone equipment, basic safety precautions should always be followed to reduce the risk of fire, electric shock and injury to persons. The precautions are listed below. 1. Do not use this product near water (for example, near a bath tub, wash bowl, kitchen sink or laundry tub, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool). 2. Avoid using a telephone (other than a cordless type) during an electrical storm.
Limited Product Warranty ADTRAN warrants that for ten years from the date of shipment to Customer, all products manufactured by ADTRAN will be free from defects in materials and workmanship. ADTRAN also warrants that products will conform to the applicable specifications and drawings for such products, as contained in the Product Manual or in ADTRAN's internal specifications and drawings for such products (which may or may not be reflected in the Product Manual).
Table of Contents Setting up the IDSL Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Quick Start-1 Chapter 1 Understanding IDSL and the Express 6100/6120 . . 1-1 The Express 6100/6120 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2 Single User to Corporate LAN (Figure 1-3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2 Frame Relay Connectivity to ADTRAN Frame Port 144 (Figure 1-4) . . .
Table of Contents Submenus [+] or [DATA] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4 Activation Field <+> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4 Editable Data Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5 Read-Only Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5 Navigation with the Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5 Security Levels . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table of Contents DNS/Domain Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DNS/Server 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DNS/Server 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IP/UDP Relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . UDP Relay/Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . UDP Relay/UDP Relay List. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table of Contents Configuration/Frame Relay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Frame Relay/Maintenance Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Frame Relay/Polling Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Frame Relay/DLCI Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DLCI Mapping/Active . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DLCI Mapping/DLCI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DLCI Mapping/IP Map . . . . . . . . . .
Table of Contents Management/Telnet/Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-52 Telnet/Web/Server Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-52 Telnet/Web/User List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-52 Management/SNMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-54 SNMP Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-54 SNMP/Communities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table of Contents IPX Routes /Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-63 IPX Routes /Gateway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-63 IPX Routes /Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-63 IPX Routes/Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-63 IPX Routes/Hops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-63 IPX Routes/Ticks . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table of Contents Utilities Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-73 Utilities/Ping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-73 Utilities/Telnet Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-74 Utilities/Upgrade Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-74 Upgrade/Transfer Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-74 Upgrade/TFTP Host.
Table of Contents xvi Express 6100/6120 User Manual 61200176L1-1
List of Figures Figure 1-1. Figure 1-2. Figure 1-3. Figure 1-4. Express 6100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 Express 6120 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 Single User to Corporate LAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 Frame Relay Connectivity to ADTRAN Frame Port 144 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3 Figure 1-5. SOHO to Corporate LAN (6100) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3 Figure 1-6.
List of Figures xviii Express 6100/6120 User Manual 61200176L1-1
List of Tables Table D-1. IBM/AT Style EIA-232 Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1 Table D-2. RJ-49C ISDN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1 Table D-3. 10BaseT Ethernet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
List of Tables xx Express 6100/6120 User Manual 61200176L1-1
Quick Startup Guide SETTING UP THE IDSL LINE The Express 6100/6120 works over leased or “dry” copper provided by the local telephone company. See Specifications on page 4-1 for specifications on maximum distance. 1. Connect a VT 100 async terminal, or personal computer with a terminal emulator running 9600 N-8-1, to the MAINTENANCE port. 2. Hold down the Control key and press R; then press Enter to display the top menu. 3.
Quick Startup Guide Quick Start-2 Express 6100/6120 User Manual 61200176L1-1
Chapter 1 Understanding IDSL and the Express 6100/6120 IDSL is leased mode ISDN. ADTRAN provides a full line of IDSL products that are the price/performance leaders in the industry. THE EXPRESS 6100/6120 The Express 6100/6120 is a standalone device that links two Local Area Networks (LANs) using a high-speed DSL two-wire line. The Express 6100/6120 has a two-wire interface and operates up to 144 kbits per second. Figure 1-1 on page 1-1 shows the Express 6100. Figure 1-2 on page 11 shows the Expess 6120.
Chapter 1. Understanding IDSL and the Express 6100/6120 Applications Single User to Corporate LAN (Figure 1-3) • Telecommuter/Home Office Access to the corporate LAN • Single device access • User Datagram Protocol (UDP) broadcasts are “relayed” to corporate LAN. • Client device can obtain the Internet Protocol (IP) address dynamically using Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). • Compatible with popular central site LAN access devices Figure 1-3.
Chapter 1. Understanding IDSL and the Express 6100/6120 IDSL Figure 1-4. Frame Relay Connectivity to ADTRAN Frame Port 144 Small Office/Home Office (SOHO) to Corporate LAN (Figs 1-5 and 1-6) • Connects the small office or home office to the corporate LAN • Routes IP and Internet Packet Exchange (IPX) traffic from multiple devices to the corporate LAN • Bridges all non-routed traffic (e.g.
Chapter 1. Understanding IDSL and the Express 6100/6120 18 Figure 1-6. SOHO to Corporate LAN (6120) The Express 6100/6120 provides the following basic functions: 1. LAN Bridge: Bridging provides a point-to-point connection between two LANs. The bridge learning function scans the source and destination media access control (MAC) addresses of all packets on its local LAN and determines which packets should be transmitted over the IDSL link.
Chapter 1. Understanding IDSL and the Express 6100/6120 5. PPP or Frame Relay: The layer two protocol used to transfer packets can be PPP or Frame Relay (RFC 1490). PPP allows a point-to-point connection, whereas Frame Relay can provide up to ten permanent virtual circuits. Routing and Bridging with the Express 6100/ 6120 The Express 6100/6120 is a Router and Transparent Learning Bridge. Its features can be easily configured and used once several basic concepts are understood.
Chapter 1. Understanding IDSL and the Express 6100/6120 fault gateway (recommended for remote applications when there are no other routers on the remote LAN). IPX Routing Network routes and services are learned and advertised using Novell’s RIP and SAP. Concurrent Routing And Bridging The Express 6100/6120 can route IP and IPX as well as bridge non-IP/ IPX packets simultaneously.
Chapter 1. Understanding IDSL and the Express 6100/6120 Front Panel Figure 1-7 shows the front panel of the Express 6100. The indicators are divided into LAN functions, WAN functions, and Test functions. Express 6100 Figure 1-7. Express 6100 Front Panel Indicators TX/RX Flashes when transmitting and receiving data on the 10BaseT connector. LI Link integrity. Illuminates when there is a good connection between the Express 6100 and the Hub/NIC card.
Chapter 1. Understanding IDSL and the Express 6100/6120 Figure 1-8 shows the front panel of the Express 6120. 6 Figure 1-8. Express 6120 Front Panel Indicators TX/RX Flashes when transmitting and receiving data on the 10BaseT connector. 1, 2, 3, 4 Link integrity. Illuminates when there is a good connection between the Express 6120 and the Hub/NIC card. PWR Flashes when the IDSL link (pins 4 and 5 on RJ-45) is not in sync. Solid when in sync.
Chapter 1. Understanding IDSL and the Express 6100/6120 The Express 6100/6120 transfers data up to 144 kbps over a two-wire facility. This type of service is a permanent connection between endpoints or between the unit and the Frame Relay cloud. It is sometimes referred to as a leased connection, a dedicated connection, a “nailedup” connection, or a private circuit. Leased connection or leased line is used in this manual to represent these types of services. Figure 1-9.
Chapter 1. Understanding IDSL and the Express 6100/6120 Security Security on network devices is a major concern for almost anyone with a network. The Express 6100/6120 provides many tools for securing the local network from hostile users. Connections can be authenticated using passwords. A RADIUS client can also be used. The Telnet and web browser configuration can also be protected using the same authentication methods. Each menu item in the Express 6100/6120 has a security level associated with it.
Chapter 2 Installation After unpacking the unit, immediately inspect it for possible shipping damage. If damage is discovered, file a claim immediately with the shipping carrier; then contact the ADTRAN Repair and Return department. IDSL NETWORK CONNECTION The Express 6100/6120 supports leased operation. A single RJ-49C modular jack labeled ISDN on the rear panel provides connection to the network.
Chapter 2.
Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure TERMINAL MENU STRUCTURE The Express 6100/6120 uses a multilevel menu structure containing both menu items and data fields. All menu operations and data display in the terminal menu window. The Express 6100/6120 is shipped in the Factory Default configuration. Connect any VT 100 or VT 220 type terminal emulator to the maintenance port. The default rate is 9600 baud 8-N-1. The terminal emulator can flow the Express 6100/ 6120 off using software flow control.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure The Main menu contains the following options. > CONFIGURATION The Configuration menu provides options to set up the operational configuration for the Express 6100/6120. See the section Configuration Menu on page 3-8 for detailed information on the available options. > STATUS The Status menu provides options to review and monitor the status of the Express 6100/6120 system.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure 2 1 3 4 6 5 7 1 Menu Path Describes the current position in the terminal menu structure. 2 Right Pane Lists available submenus. Additional submenus available through this pane are indicated by the [+] and [DATA] symbols. 3 Left Pane Lists available menus. 4 Mode Describes current operating mode. 5 Loop Status Displays current status of IDSL line. 6 Rate Status Displays current rate of connection.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure NAVIGATING THE TERMINAL MENUS The following sections provide information on how to navigate through the terminal menus. General Layout When you first start a terminal mode session, the screen shown in Figure 3-1 on page 3-3 displays. The screen is divided into left and right panes. The left pane shows the current list of submenus, while the right pane shows the contents of a selected submenu.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Editable Data Field A highlighted menu item indicates that you can enter data in that field. Read-Only Field An underlined field is a display field that contains read-only information. Navigation with the Keyboard You can use different keystrokes to navigate through the terminal menu. Press Control-Z to activate a pop-up screen with the available keystrokes.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Session Management Control-L Logs out of the session. Control-S Invalidates the password entry and returns to the login screen. The Password prompt will display. Control-R Refreshes the screen. To save time, only the portion of the screen that has changed is refreshed. This option should be necessary only if the display picks up incorrect characters. Configuration F Restores factory default settings.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Security Levels Each menu item on the configuration screens has an associated security level. The security level ranges from 0 (highest security level) to 5 (lowest security level). This level determines whether a Telnet session can access that menu item. The Telnet session is assigned a security level set by the user. Passwords can only be accessed as security level 0. The maintenance port is always at security level 0.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure > CONFIGURATION MENU » System Info The System Info menu provides basic information about the unit and displays data fields for editing information. Figure 3-2 displays the submenus available under this menu item. Figure 3-2. Configuration/System Info Screen »» System Name Write security: 3; Read security: 5 Provides a user-configurable text string for the name of the Express 6100/6120. This name can help distinguish between different installations.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure You can enter up to 31 alpha-numeric characters in this field, including spaces and special characters (such as an under bar). »» System Contact Write security: 3; Read security: 5 Provides a user-configurable text string for the contact name. This field can contain a name, phone number, or e-mail address of a person responsible for the Express 6100/6120.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure » Configuration/WAN The WAN menu is used to set up the ISDN parameters for the Express 6100/6120. Figure 3-3 shows the WAN menu. Figure 3-3. Configuration/WAN Screen »» WAN/ISDN Write security: 2; Read security: 5 Selects the mode the IDSL line is in. ISDN/Clock Mode Write security: 2; Read security: 5 The Express 6100/6120 can only operate as a slave.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure IDSL/Channel Rate Write security: 2; Read security: 5 Determines the rate at which data is transferred over the IDSL link. Possible rates are 64K, 128K, and 144K. IDSL/NEBEs Read security: 5 This contains the number of Near-End-Block-Errors (NEBEs) that have been detected by the Express 6100/6120’s IDSL circuitry. Continuous errors can indicate a line problem, but a burst at one time is normal.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure » Configuration/IP The IP menu is used to set up the IP parameters for the Express 6100/ 6120. Any general IP-related configuration item is under this menu. Figure 3-4 shows the IP menu. Figure 3-4. Configuration/IP Screen »» IP/IP Address Write security: 2; Read security: 5 The IP address assigned to the Express 6100/6120’s Ethernet port is set here. This address must be unique within the network. Factory default is 10.0.0.1.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure »» IP/Default Gateway Write security: 3; Read security: 5 The default gateway is used by the Express 6100/6120 for sending IP packets whose destination address is not found in the route table. If this address is all zeros, then the first WAN connection becomes the default gateway. »» IP/Static Routes Static Routes can be inserted under this menu.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Static Routes/Private Write security: 4; Read security: 5 When set to No, the Express 6100/6120 will advertise this static route using RIP. Otherwise, setting to Yes means that the route is kept private. »» IP/IP Router The IP router is configured under this menu as follows. IP Router/Mode Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When this option is set to On, the Express 6100/6120 will advertise and listen to routes from other IP routers.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure RIP/Method Write security: 3; Read security: 5 Split Horizon Only routes not learned on the Ethernet port are advertised. Poison Reverse All routes are advertised, including routes learned from the Ethernet port. These routes (def) are poisoned. None All routes are advertised, including routes learned from the Ethernet port. No attempt is made to poison these routes.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure This mode is most commonly used with the NAT functionality. The default is Off. NAT/DHCP Renewal Time Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This is the number of hours that the DHCP server should allow the device before it is required to send a new DHCP request. The default is 15 hours, and 0 represents an infinite lease. NAT/Web Server Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This is the IP address of a web server on the Ethernet network.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure DNS/Domain Name Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This is a text string used to represent the domain name used by the Express 6100/6120. DNS/Server 1 Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This is the IP address for the primary DNS device. It is the first server that domain name requests are sent. DNS/Server 2 Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This is the IP address for the secondary DNS device.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure UDP Relay List/Relay Address Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This is the IP address of the server that will receive the relay packet. UDP Relay List/UDP Port Type Write security: 3; Read security: 5 Standard (def) The following standard UDP protocols are relayed when set: DHCP, TFTP, DNS, NTP (Network Time Protocol, port 123). NBNS (NetBIOS Name Server, port 137), NBDG (NetBIOS Datagram, port 138), and BootP.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure dress. If set to No, the Express 6100/6120 will only respond to ARP requests received for its own IP address. » Configuration/IPX The IPX menu is used to set up the IPX parameters for the Express 6100/6120. Any general IPX-related configuration item can be found under this menu. Figure 3-5 shows the IPX menu. Figure 3-5.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure »» IPX/Frame Type Write security: 2; Read security: 5 The Express 6100/6120 supports all four defined IPX frame types. The possible frame types are: Ether Type II (def), Ether 802.3 (Raw), or Ether SNAP (802.2 SNAP). Only one frame type can be used at one time. »» IPX/Seed Status Write security: 2; Read security: 5 The seed status defines what the Express 6100/6120 is to do with the network information on the selected frame type during startup.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure AutoSeed The Express 6100/6120 will listen for an IPX network number being sent by another router (including Novell software routers residing on servers) on the Ethernet segment connected to this port and use this number if it exists. If it does not discover a number in use, the Express 6100/6120 will auto-generate a valid number using its routing tables.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Figure 3-6. Configuration/Bridge Screen »» Bridge/Mode Write security: 2; Read security: 5 When this option is set to On (def), the Express 6100/6120 bridge function will be enabled. Setting it to Off will disable all bridge functionality. »» Bridge/WAN IP Bridge When IP routing is active, the Express 6100/6120 will allow another WAN device to bridge IP packets to it using PPP BCP. Normally, two IP routers would negotiate PPP IPCP to exchange IP packets.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure WAN IP Bridge/Netmask Write security: 2; Read security: 5 This is the network mask to be applied to the virtual Ethernet port. WAN IP Bridge/Triggered Write security: 2; Read security: 5 When set to Yes, only IP RIP updates are sent when the routing table has changed. When set to No (def), updates are sent periodically. RIP version, method, and direction are determined by the Ethernet parameters set in the Configuration/IP/IP Router/RIP menu.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure WAN IPX Bridge/Frame Type Write security: 2; Read security: 5 This is the frame type used for the virtual Ethernet port. See IPX/ Frame Type on page 3-20 for an explanation of the IPX frame type. WAN IPX Bridge/Seed Status Write security: 2; Read security: 5 This is the seed status used for the virtual Ethernet port. See IPX/Seed Status on page 3-20 menu for an explanation of the IPX seed status.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure » Configuration/Security The Security menu is used to set up the authentication parameters needed to authenticate PPP connection. Also, the filter defines are placed under this menu. Figure 3-7 shows the Security menu. Figure 3-7. Configuration/Security Screen »» Security/Authentication Write security: 1; Read security: 2 The method used for authenticating the PPP peer is selected here.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure »» Security/Radius Server The parameters for the radius server are configured in this menu. The RADIUS server can be used for authenticating a PPP peer (if defined under Security/Authentication) and for Telnet server sessions. Radius Server/Primary Server Write security: 1; Read security: 2 This is the IP address of the first RADIUS server that the Express 6100/6120 should attempt to communicate with when authenticating a PPP peer.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure number of attempts to communicate with the primary server is equal to the retry count, the secondary server (if defined) is tried. If the secondary server does not respond within the retry count, the PPP peer (or Telnet session) is not authenticated and is dropped. The default is 5.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure the section DLCI Mapping/Filters on page 3-39 for examples of how to set up filter profiles. This menu is used to define the individual filter defines based on packet type. Filter Defines /MAC Filter Defines Write security: 2; Read security: 3 The MAC filter is applied to bridge packets only. Bridge packets which are forwarded by the bridge functionality of the Express 6100/ 6120 are defined here. Up to 32 MAC defines can be specified.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Filter Defines /IP Filter Defines Write security: 2; Read security: 3 The IP filter defines apply to any IP packet, whether it is routed or bridged. Up to 32 IP defines can be specified. Name Identifies the filter entry IP Src IP address compared to the source address. (dotted decimal format) Src Mask Bits which are used in the source comparison. (dotted decimal format) IP Dest IP address compared to the destination address.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Proto Protocol used for comparison. Range: 0 to 255.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Src Socket Comp Type of comparison that is performed: = means socket equal to Not = means socket not equal to > means socket greater than < means socket less than None no comparison is done on source socket Dest Socket 16-bit value which is the destination socket. Range: 0-65535.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure » Configuration/Frame Relay Frame Relay is a connection-oriented service requiring circuits to be configured by your carrier to establish a physical link between two or more locations. Multiple virtual circuits (which appear as virtual point-to-point links) can be run through the same physical connection. There are two types of virtual circuits supported in Frame Relay: Permanent Virtual Circuits (PVC) and Switched Virtual Circuit (SVC).
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure »» Frame Relay/Maintenance Protocol Write security: 3, Read security: 5 The Frame Relay maintenance protocol is used on the WAN port. The maintenance protocol is used to send link status and virtual circuit information between Frame Relay switches and other devices (such as routers) that communicate with them. Possible choices are listed below. Annex D (def) This is an ANSI standard and is the most commonly used standard in the US.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure active. These active DLCIs will attempt to determine the IP and IPX addresses on the other end of the virtual circuit using Inverse ARP (IARP). If there is a response, the network learned will be added to the router tables and the virtual circuit will be treated as an unnumbered interface. Bridge connections are made using bridge group 1.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure DLCI Mapping/DLCI Write security: 3, Read security: 5 This is the DLCI associated with this virtual circuit. This value can range from 16 to 1007. DLCI Mapping/IP Map Write security: 3, Read security: 5 This menu represents the IP protocol mapping that is to take place for this DLCI. IP Map/Active Write security: 3, Read security: 5 When this is set to Yes (def), the Express 6100/6120 will attempt to transport IP packets for this DLCI.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure IP Map/IP Netmask Write security: 3, Read security: 5 The IP network mask to apply to the Far-End IP Address and Link IP Address is specified here. IP Map/Link IP Address Write security: 3, Read security: 5 The virtual circuit may require an IP address to be specified at this DLCI interface. This is called a numbered interface. This address is used by the Express 6100/6120 to respond to Inverse ARP requests. If this IP address is left as 0.0.0.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure IP Map/RIP Direction Write security: 3, Read security: 5 This parameter allows the direction at which RIP advertisements are sent and listened to be specified. Tx and Rx (def) RIP advertisements are periodically transmitted and are listened to on this virtual circuit. Tx Only RIP advertisements are periodically transmitted but are not listened to on this virtual circuit. Rx Only RIP is not transmitted on this virtual circuit but they are listened to.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure IPX Map/IARP Write security: 3, Read security: 5 When this is set to Yes (def), the Express 6100/6120 will send Inverse ARP packets to determine the IPX network on the other end of the virtual circuit. If the IARP is responded to, a route is placed in the IPX route table. A setting of No means that the IPX network is to be assigned to the link statically using the IPX Map/Link Network parameter.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure that particular router’s protocol packets are bridged. A setting of No means that no bridging will occur. Bridge Map/Bridge Group Write security: 3, Read security: 5 The bridge group that this DLCI is part of is specified here as Group 1 or Group 2. These groups correspond to the spanning tree protocols Bridge Group 1 and Bridge Group 2. DLCI Mapping/Filters The Express 6100/6120 can block packets in and out of a PVC port by use of the filters.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Filters/In Exceptions Write security: 2; Read security: 5 This is a list of up to 32 filter entries which can be combined using the operations field. The operations are performed in the order they appear on the list. 3-40 Active Turns this entry active when set to On. Type Selects the filter define list to reference: MAC from the Configuration/Security/Filter Defines/MAC Filter Defines list.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Filters/Out to PVC Write security: 2; Read security: 5 The packets which transmit out this PVC from the Express 6100/6120 can be filtered in three ways: Disabled (def) Turns off packet output filtering. No outgoing packets to this PVC are blocked. Block All All outgoing packets to this PVC are blocked except as defined in the Filters/Out Exceptions list.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure » Configuration/PPP Profile The Express 6100/6120 uses the PPP profile to specify the profile used when connected using PPP. Figure 3-9 shows the PPP profile menu. Figure 3-9. Configuration/PPP Profile Screen »» PPP Profile/Authentication The authentication menu contains the required parameters for the authentication of the PPP peer and for being authenticated by the PPP peer.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure CHAP or EAP The connection can be authenticated using CHAP or EAP only. EAP The connection will only allow authentication by the peer using EAP. Authentication/Tx Username Write security: 1; Read security: 3 This is the username that is used when being authenticated by the PPP peer. Authentication/Tx Password Write security: 0; Read security: 1 This is the password or secret that is used when being authenticated by the PPP peer.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure IP/NAT Write security: 3; Read security: 5 The Express 6100/6120 can perform Network Address Translation. This feature is most widely used when connecting to the Internet. The Ethernet network can consist of private network numbers. When this profile is connected, all IP addresses on the Ethernet side are translated into the one real IP address negotiated with the PPP peer (ISP). Multiple stations on the Ethernet side can access the Internet simultaneously.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Link IP This is the IP address that is assigned to the PPP link when using numbered links. By default, no address is assigned and the PPP link is unnumbered. IP/RIP The RIP parameters can be adjusted from their defaults under this menu. RIP/Mode Write security: 3; Read security: 5 The Express 6100/6120 performs RIP over the WAN connection when this is set to On.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure RIP/Direction Write security: 3; Read security: 5 Tx and Rx (def) RIP advertisements are transmitted and listened to on the WAN connection. Tx only RIP advertisements are transmitted and not listened to. Rx only RIP advertisements are listened to but not transmitted. RIP/Triggered Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When set to Yes, only IP RIP updates are sent when the routing table has changed and learned routes are not “aged.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure IPX/Triggered Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When set to Yes, only IPX RIP and SAP updates are sent when the routing or service table has changed and learned routes are not “aged.” When set to No (def), updates are sent periodically based on the RIP and SAP timers set in Configuration/IPX/RIP Timer and Configuration/IPX/SAP Timer.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure »» PPP Profile/PPP The Express 6100/6120 supports the IETF standards for the Point-toPoint Protocol. The PPP state machine running in the Express 6100/ 6120 can be fine-tuned to support many applications that can be employed. The configurable items under this menu can be changed from their default values for special cases.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure »» PPP Profile/Filters The Express 6100/6120 can block packets in and out of a WAN port by use of the filters. They are set up in two steps: 1) define the types of packets that would be of interest in the Configuration/Security/Filter Defines menu, and 2) set up the filter type and combination of defines that will cause a packet block.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Filters/In Exceptions Write security: 2; Read security: 5 This is a list of up to 32 filter entries which can be combined using the operations field. The operations are performed in the order they appear on the list. 3-50 Active Turns this entry active when set to On. Type Selects the filter define list to reference: MAC from the Configuration/Security/Filter Defines/MAC Filter Defines list.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Filters/LAN-to-WAN (Out) Write security: 2; Read security: 5 The packets which come out toward the WAN from the Express 6100/6120 can be filtered in three ways: Disabled (def) Turns off packet output filtering. No outgoing packets are blocked. Block All All outgoing packets to the WAN are blocked except as defined in the Filters/Out Exceptions list.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure » Configuration/Management The Express 6100/6120 can be managed using Telnet, Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), or the maintenance port. See SNMP on page C-1 for a description of the MIBs supported by the Express 6100/6120. Each of the three methods can be protected using authentication. Figure 3-10 shows the Configuration/Management menu. Figure 3-10.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure User List/Name Write security: 1; Read security: 3 A text string of the user name for this session. User List/Authen Method Write security: 1; Read security: 3 The user can be authenticated in two ways: Password The Password field is used to authenticate the user. Radius The Radius client is used for authenticating the user.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure »» Management/SNMP The Express 6100/6120 is an SNMP agent. It can respond to Get-Requests, Set-Requests, and generate traps. These two lists set up the manager, communities, and levels. See SNMP on page C-1 for more information on SNMP. SNMP Access Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When set to No, SNMP access is denied. When set to On (def), the Express 6100/6120 will respond to SNMP managers based on the following lists.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Communities/Manager IP Write security: 1; Read security: 3 This is the IP address of SNMP manager. If set to 0.0.0.0, any SNMP manager can access the Express 6100/6120 for this community. SNMP/Traps The Express 6100/6120 can generate SNMP traps. See SNMP on page C-1 for trap types supported. This list allows up to four managers to be listed to receive traps.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure The security level for the maintenance port is always set to 0. This gives full access to all menus. Maint Port/Baud Rate Write security: 5; Read security: 5 This is the asynchronous rate that the maintenance port will run. The possible values are 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600 (def), 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200. Maint Port/Data Bits Write security: 5; Read security: 5 This is the asynchronous bit rate that the maintenance port will run.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure > STATUS MENU The Express 6100/6120’s Status menu contains comprehensive status and diagnostic information used in verifying configuration and identifying problems. The menus are divided into protocol types and sessions. Figure 3-11 shows the Status menu. Figure 3-11. Status Screen » Status/Sessions This menu contains the current status of all sessions and spanning tree ports.
Chapter 3.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Drop Unknown DLCI Number of frames received that were not associated with any known PVC Number of frames received that had illegal DLCIs Drop Invalid DLCI Frame Relay/DLCI Table The status of all virtual circuits is displayed here. DLCI The DLCI that is associated with this virtual circuit. State The state of the virtual circuit: Inactive means the circuit exists but has been deactivated by the Frame Relay switch.
Chapter 3.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure »» ARP Cache/IP Address IP address used for resolving MAC address. »» ARP Cache /MAC Address Ethernet address resolved (0=no resolution). »» ARP Cache/Time Minutes since entry was first entered. » Status/Bridge Table Read security: 5 This lists the contents of the Express 6100/6120’s bridge table. »» Bridge Cache/MAC Address Ethernet address for device learned. »» Bridge Cache/Port Port device learned from: LAN, WAN0, or WAN1.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure »» IP Routes /Netmask Network mask applied to the destination address. »» IP Routes /Gateway Host or router to receive this packet. »» IP Routes /Port Port gateway is located on: local sent directly to the Express 6100/6120 router eth0 Express 6100/6120’s ethernet port wan0 Express 6100/6120’s first PPP bundle fr 0 . . .
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure »» IP Routes/TTL Seconds until address is removed from table or “zombied.” Value of 999 means route is static. » Status/IPX Routes Read security: 5 This lists the contents of the Express 6100/6120’s IPX router table. »» IPX Routes /Network Network destination address. »» IPX Routes /Gateway Node or Ethernet address of gateway to receive this packet.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure »» IPX Routes/Ticks Router determined value for representing time packets take to reach the network destination. One tick is equivalent to one-eighteenth of a second. »» IPX Routes/TTL Seconds until address is removed from table. Value of 999 means route is static. » Status/IPX Servers Read security: 5 This lists the contents of the Express 6100/6120’s IPX server table.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure »» IPX Servers/TTL Seconds until address is removed from table. Value of 999 means server is static. » Status/WAN Stats Read security: 5 This menu contains generic WAN statistics on HDLC hardware port.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Total packets received in error and dropped Rx Errors CRCs total packets detected with CRC errors Giants total packets received that were greater than 1518 bytes Runts total packets received that were less than 64 bytes Rx Collisions total collision occurred during reception When activated, clears all LAN Stat counts. Clear Counts » Status/IP Stats Read security: 5 This menu contains IP statistics that can be useful when diagnosing problems.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure IP datagrams reassembled IP datagrams received IP datagrams sent IP reassembly failures IP reassembly timeout No application at dest.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure > TEST MENU The Express 6100/6120’s Test menu contains built-in tests that can be used to diagnose problems. Figure 3-12 shows the Test menu screen. Figure 3-12. Test Screen The following tests can be run: » Test Menu/Echo Request Write security: 4, Read security: 5 When activated, the echo request test will begin sending continuous PPP echo request packets to any open LCP ports. Results are displayed on the screen.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure > LOGS MENU The Logs menu contain logs displaying important information about the running condition of the Express 6100/6120. The logs can be set to capture diagnostics of error conditions only by way of a log level. The levels are divided up as follows: level 0 Fatal event (causes reset) level 1 Critical event level 2 Error event level 3 Warning event level 4 Notify event level 5 Informational event level 6 Debugging event Figure 3-13 shows the Logs menu.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure » Logs/PPP Log Information pertaining to the PPP negotiation and authentication will be logged here. »» PPP Log/Active When set to Yes (def), PPP events below or equal to the log level are logged into the log. »» PPP Log/Wrap When set to Yes (def), new PPP events will overwrite old PPP events when the log is full. All logging will stop when the log is full and set to No. »» PPP Log/Level In order to log events, they must be at or below this level.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure »» Connection Log/Active When set to Yes (def), connection events below or equal to the log level are logged into the log. »» Connection Log/Wrap When set to Yes (def), new connection events will overwrite old connection events when the log is full. All logging will stop when the log is full and set to No. »» Connection Log/Level To log events, they must be at or below this level. Range is 0 to 6. The default is 3.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure »» Network Log/Wrap When set to Yes (def), new Network events will overwrite old Network events when the log is full. All logging will stop when the log is full and set to No. »» Network Log/Level To log events, they must be at or below this level. Range is 0 to 6. The default is 3. »» Network Log/View This menu displays the log list. The fields are as follows: Date/Time Date and time event occurred. Level Level associated with this event (0-6).
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure > UTILITIES MENU TheExpress 6100/6120 has utilities embedded in it to help in managing and testing the network and to facilitate software upgrades. Figure 3-14 shows the Utilities menu. Figure 3-14. Utilities Screen » Utilities/Ping Write security: 4; Read security: 5 The ping menu is used to send ICMP ping messages to hosts. The following items are under this menu: Start/Stop Activator to start and cancel a ping test.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure » Utilities/Telnet Client Write security: 4; Read security: 5 The Telnet menu can be used to activate the Telnet client function in the Express 6100/6120. Host IP address or domain name (if DNS is configured) of Telnet server. By default, the standard TCP server port is used. However, a nonstandard port can be specified here with the IP address or domain name separated by a colon (:). Activate Starts Telnet client function.
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure »» Upgrade/Status This appears when TFTP is used. It displays the status of the transfer as it happens. Any error or success message will be displayed here. »» Upgrade/Start Transfer This activator is used when the configurable items in this menu are complete. Once started, the Express 6100/6120 will prompt for erasing the flash. When the flash is erased and the upgrade transfer fails, do not turn off the unit. Retry the transfer until successful.
Chapter 3.
Chapter 4 Specifications SPECIFICATIONS AND FEATURES This section lists the standard specifications and features incorporated in the Express 6100/6120. Network Interface • RJ-45 for IDSL two-wire service • Signal Format: 2B1Q • Max distance per loop: 15 kft at 26 AWG Ethernet Interface (LAN) Ethernet/IEEE 802.
Chapter 4.
Appendix A Loop Status Messages The Express 6100/6120 displays current loop status of the IDSL on the bottom center line of the terminal screen. The following messages are defined: Connected This is seen when the Express 6100/6120 IDSL layer 1 is up. The rate is determined by what it is configured for under Configuration/WAN/ IDSL/Rate. Echo: Tx: X Rx: Y The current transmit and receive count for the PPP echo request test. Layer 1 up The Express 6100/6120’s IDSL layer 1 is up.
Appendix A. Loop Status Messages Rate Status Messages Displays the rate at which the connection has been established.
Appendix B Log Messages The Express 6100/6120 Logs menu contains messages of events that occur. The definitions for some of those log messages are as follows: PPP LOG MESSAGES BCP down level 5 Bridge Control Protocol port has been dropped between Express 6100/6120 and PPP peer. BCP up level 5 Bridge Control Protocol port has been successfully negotiated between Express 6100/6120 and PPP peer.
Appendix B. Log Messages CHAP authen failed level 3 The PPP peer has rejected the Express 6100/6120’s username and/or password used for authenticating. Check to make sure the Configuration/Connection List/Authentication parameters Tx Method, Tx Username, and Tx Password are correct. EAP authen failed level 3 The PPP peer has rejected the Express 6100/6120’s username and/or password used for authenticating.
Appendix B. Log Messages IPXCP up level 5 IPX Control Protocol port has been successfully negotiated between Express 6100/6120 and PPP peer. LCP down level 5 Link Control Protocol port has been dropped between Express 6100/6120 and PPP peer. LCP up level 5 Link Control Protocol port has been successfully negotiated between Express 6100/6120 and PPP peer. Link is looped back level 3 The Express 6100/6120 has dialed a location which is looping back all data.
Appendix B. Log Messages No IP addr for peer level 2 The Express 6100/6120 cannot continue the connection because there was no IP address received from the PPP peer or it was not set in Configuration/Connection List/IP/Route/IP/Net parameter. No Response from peer level 2 The Express 6100/6120 has dialed or answered a call and no PPP negotiation packets were seen. PAP authen failed level 3 The PPP peer has rejected the Express 6100/6120’s username and/or password used for authenticating.
Appendix B. Log Messages by PPP peer sending incorrect username and/or password. Make sure the Configuration/Connection List/Authentication parameters Rx Username and Rx Password are correctly entered. Also, if using RADIUS, check that the server is configured and running properly. Peer failed PAP authen level 3 The PPP peer’s reported PAP username and/or password does not match the Express 6100/6120’s parameters. This is most likely caused by PPP peer sending incorrect username and/or password.
Appendix B. Log Messages PPPrx[x] … level 6 Advanced debugging decode of received PPP configuration packets. CALL LOG MESSAGES Power Up - last down cause: level 0 (displayed as level 1 after the unit is reset) This is the for the last reset. Most are caused by internal errors.
Appendix B. Log Messages NETWORK LOG MESSAGES Attempting to add bad IP iface route: ifnum= dest= level 4 An IP address could not be used for the interface number . DHCP couldn't alloc mem level 1 A DHCP response could not be generated due to memory allocation problems. DHCP response sent level 4 A DHCP response was successfully sent to requesting device. DHCP socket failed level 1 Internal error occurred when attempting to start DHCP server.
Appendix B. Log Messages Installing bad default route: ifnum= metric= gw= level 6 The Express 6100/6120 did not install a default route because the or was zero. Rejecting packet with Source Routing option - src= dest= level 4 The Express 6100/6120 has dropped a source routed IP packet due to invalid parameters. setmask: local IP iface(0), not done level 6 Debug error used in determining router stack problems.
Appendix B. Log Messages telclient bad host level 2 Telnet client could not use host name or IP address set in Configuration/Utilities/Telnet Client/Host. telclient bad init level 2 Telnet client could not initialize a session. Telnet Client: Clr TCBF_BUFFER flag failed level 6 Debugging message related to Telnet client function. Telnet Client: Set TCBF_DONTBLOCK flag failed level 6 Debugging message related to Telnet client function.
Appendix B. Log Messages Telnet Session Closed level 4 Telnet server has closed connection. Telnet Session failed, error level 2 Telnet server could not connect to Telnet client due to error. TELNETD: accept failed level 2 Telnet server could not open TCP socket to incoming Telnet client. TELNETD: Set TCPC_LISTENQ failed level 6 Debugging message related to Telnet server function. TELNETD: Clr TCBF_BUFFER flag failed level 6 Debugging message related to Telnet client function.
Appendix B. Log Messages TELNETD: Set TCBF_DONTBLOCK flag failed level 6 Debugging message related to Telnet client function. TELNETD: SOCKET creation error level 2 Telnet server could not be started due to TCP socket error. TFTP: can't get to host level 2 TFTP client could not get to host. TFTP client: unable to open port level 2 TFTP client function could not open a UDP port. TFTP: error rcvd - " level 2 Received error with from TFTP server.
Appendix B.
Appendix C SNMP UNDERSTANDING SNMP As Local Area Network (LAN) environments became standardized over the past ten years, multi-vendor equipment grew with competition. It became necessary to manage the various vendor equipment from a single control console. Thus, the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) emerged as the de facto standard for managing commercial Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) networks.
Appendix C. SNMP er collects all the data from the various network devices and presents it in a consistent form. Using SNMP Version 1, the network manager can issue three types of commands: • GetRequest: This command retrieves a single item or the first in a series from a network device. • GetNextRequest: This command retrieves the next item in a series from a network device. • SetRequest: This command writes information to a network device.
Appendix C. SNMP SNMP EMBEDDED AGENT The Express 6100/6120 supports the following groups from MIB-II: (RFC 1213) • System Group • UDP Group • Interfaces Group • ICMP Group • Address Translation Group • IP Group • TCP Group Also, the Ethernet transmission MIB is supported (RFC 1643). The following manager requests are supported: • Get object • Get next object • Set object Communities The Express 6100/6120 permits up to eight communities to be defined.
Appendix C.
Appendix D Connector Pinouts Table D-1. IBM/AT Style EIA-232 Interface Pin Name I/O Description 1 CD N/C Carrier Detect 2 RD O Receive Data 3 TD I Transmit Data 4 DTR N/C Data Terminal Ready 5 GND N/A Signal Ground 6 DSR N/C Data Set Ready 7 RTS I Request to Send 8 CTS O Clear to Send 9 RI N/C Ring Indicator I = Input, O = Output, N/A = Not Applicable, N/C = Not Connected Table D-2.
Appendix D. Connector Pinouts Table D-3.
Appendix E Terminal Mode Commands The Express 6100/6120 supports a command line interface. All menu options are configurable and readable from the terminal mode. Additional commands are also available. MENU COMMANDS Every menu item in the menu structure can be accessed through the terminal mode interface. Terminal commands are as follows: top_menu sub_menu1 sub_menu2 … config_item Each config_item is entered as shown below.
Appendix E. Terminal Mode Commands One of the following key words must be used first: KEYWORD: GOES DIRECTLY TO : info Configuration/System Info menu. idsl Configuration/WAN/IDSL menu. ip Configuration/IP menu. ipx Configuration/IPX menu. bridge Configuration/Bridge menu. security Configuration/Security menu. ppp Configuration/PPP Profile menu. telnet Configuration/Management/Telnet menu. snmp Configuration/Management/SNMP menu. maint Configuration/Management/Maint menu.
Appendix E. Terminal Mode Commands ADDITIONAL COMMANDS Other commands available from the terminal mode are listed below: save Saves the configuration to non-volatile RAM (flash). mac Returns the MAC address for the Express 6100/ 6120. version Returns the firmware version and routing stack version. reset Resets the unit. exit Leaves terminal mode and returns to menus. download Downloads complete configuration to the terminal screen for capture.
Appendix E.
Acronyms AEP AMI ARP B (Channel) BCP BONDING BOOTP BPDU bps Bps BRI CA CCP CCITT CD CPE CRC CSMA/CD DHCP DLCI DMS DTE 61200176L1-1 AppleTalk Echo Protocol Alternate Mark Inversion Address Resolution Protocol A 64 kbps digital information channel Bridge Control Protocol Bandwidth On Demand Interoperability Group Bootstrap Protocol Bridging Protocol Data Unit Bits per second Bytes per second Basic Rate Interface Call Appearance Compression Control Protocol Consultative Committee for International Telegraphy
Acronyms DTMF EKTS ESS FAX FEBE FTP ICMP ID IETF I/O IP IPCP IPX I2L IEC ISDN ISO ISP kbps kHz LAN LCP LDN MAC MIB MP MRU Acronyms-2 Dual Tone Multi-Frequency Electronic Key Telephone Service Electronic Switching System Facsimile Far End Block Errors File Transfer Protocol Internet Control Message Protocol Identification Internet Engineering Task Force Input/Output Internet Protocol Internet Protocol Control Protocol Internetwork Packet Exchange Integrated Injected Logic Inter-Exchange Carrier Integrated
Acronyms MRRU NBP NEBE NIC NI-1 NT PBX PC PING POTS PPP PRI RFC RIP RTMF SAP SNMP SPCS SPID TCP TEI TFTP UDP WAN ZIP 61200176L1-1 Maximum Receivable Reconstructable Unit Name Binding Protocol Near End Block Errors Network Interface Card National ISDN-1 Network Termination Private Branch Exchange Personal Computer Packet InterNet Groper Plain Old Telephone Service Point-to-Point Protocol Primary Rate Interface Request For Comments Routing Information Packet, Routing Information Protocol Routing Table Main
Acronyms Acronyms-4 Express 6100/6120 User Manual 61200176L1-1
Glossary 10Base2 IEEE 802.3 specification, similar to Ethernet, using thin coaxial cable that runs at 10 Mbps, with a maximum distance of 185 meters per segment. Also known as Thin Ethernet or Thinwire Ethernet. 10BaseT IEEE 802.3 specification, using unshielded twisted-pair cabling and running at 10 Mbps. AEP AppleTalk Echo Protocol. Allows a node on an AppleTalk network to send a packet to another node and in return, receive an echoed copy of the packet.
Glossary Bridge A data communications device that connects two or more networks. A bridge stores and forwards complete packets between the networks. Bridges operate at the data-link layer of the OSI model. CCITT Consultative Committee on International Telephony and Telegraphy. A body of the International Telegraph Union (ITU) which prepares recommendations, commonly referred to as international standards, to resolve technical telegraph and telephone problems.
Glossary of varied frequencies as with traditional analog transmission systems. Digital techniques provide more efficient use of transmission facilities, resulting in lower error rates and costs than analog systems. digital hub Designated office where DDS channels are interconnected and where synchronous network timing, testing access, and additional service features are provided. Ethernet A local area network used for connecting computers, printers, workstations, a terminals, servers, etc.
Glossary IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers. Professional organization that defines network standards. IEEE LAN standards are the predominant LAN standards today and include protocols similar or virtually equivalent to Ethernet and Token Ring. IEEE 802.1d An algorithm used to prevent bridging loops by creating a spanning tree. IEEE 802.2 An IEEE LAN protocol that specifies an implementation of the LLC sublayer of the data link layer.
Glossary ers such as AT&T Communications, Satellite Business Systems, GTE Telenet, GTE Sprint, and MCI. information element The name for the data fields within an ISDN Layer 3 message. interworking Communication between two types of networks or end equipment. This may or may not involve a difference in signalling or protocol elements supported. Internet Protocol A TCP/IP protocol describing software that tracks the Internet address of nodes, routes outgoing message, and recognizes incoming messages.
Glossary jitter The slight movement of a transmission signal in time or phase that can introduce errors and loss of synchronization for high-speed synchronous communications. See phase jitter. LATA Local Access and Transport Area. One of 161 local telephone serving areas in the United States, generally encompassing the largest standard statistical metropolitan areas. Subdivisions established as a result of the AT&T divestiture that now distinguish local from long distance service.
Glossary Name Binding Protocol (NBP) The AppleTalk transport-level protocol that translates a character string name into the internet address of the corresponding socket client; NBP enables AppleTalk protocols to understand user-defined zones and device names by providing and maintaining translation tables that map these names to corresponding socket addresses. NAT Network Address Translation occurs at the borders of stub domains.
Glossary phase jitter In telephony, the measurement in degrees out-of-phase that an analog signal deviates from the reference phase of the main data-carrying signal. Often caused by alternating current components in a telecommunications network. point-to-point protocol (PPP) An implementation of TCP/IP which is intended for transmission using telephone lines. PPP provides router-to-router and host-to-network connections over both synchronous and asynchronous circuits.
Glossary bles include reliability, delay bandwidth, load, MTUs, communication costs, and hop count. RS-232-C An EIA-specified physical interface with associated electrical signalling between DCE and DTE. The most commonly employed interface between computer devices and modems. RTMP Routing Table Maintenance Protocol.
Glossary SPCS Stored Program Controlled Switch. A digital switch that supports call control, routing, and supplementary services provision under software control. All ISDN switches are SPCSs. spoofing Spoofing reduces the required bandwidth by having devices, such as bridges or routers, answer for the remote devices. This causes the remote LAN to appear as if it is still connected to the LAN device even though it is not. The spoofing saves the WAN bandwidth, because no packet is ever sent out on the WAN.
Glossary TE1 Terminal Equipment Type 1. ISDN-compatible terminals. Telnet The TCP/IP standard protocol for remote terminal connection service. Telnet allows a user at one site to interact with a remote timesharing system at another site as if the user's terminal were connected directly to the remote machine. TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. A set of protocols developed by the Department of Defense to link dissimilar computers across many kinds of networks.
Glossary paths for carrying voice, data, video, or other information simultaneously. It bears a remarkable similarity to today’s T1 link, except that T1 carries 24 voice channels. In ISDN, 23B+D gives twenty-three channels and one D channel for out-of-band signalling. However, in T1, signalling is handled in-band. See ISDN. two-wire circuit A transmission circuit composed of two wires, signal and ground, used to both send and receive information. In contrast, a 4-wire circuit consists of two pairs.
Index Numerics 10baseT interface D-2 A ADTRAN frame port 144 1-2 agent C-1, C-3 applications frame relay connectivity to ADTRAN frame port144 1-2 single user to corporate LAN 1-2 SOHO to corporate LAN 1-3 ARP cache 3-60 authentication 3-25, 3-42 PPP peer 3-42 authentication/Rx password 343 authentication/Rx username 343 authentication/Tx method 3-42 authentication/Tx password 343 authentication/Tx username 343 auto detect 1-5, 3-11 B baud rate 3-56 BECN timeout 3-41 bridge 3-47 bridge map/active 3-38 brid
Index connection list profile deleting 3-34 connection log 3-70 connection log/active 3-71 connection log/clear 3-71 connection log/level 3-71 connection log/view 3-71 connection log/wrap 3-71 connector pinouts D-1 corporate LAN 1-2, 1-3 D data bits 3-56 default 1-5 default gateway 3-13 demand bridging 1-5 demand routing 1-5 DHCP mode 3-15 display 4-1 DLCI mapping 3-33 DLCI mapping/active 3-34 DLCI mapping/bridge map 3-38 DLCI mapping/DLCI 3-35 DLCI mapping/filters 3-39 DLCI mapping/IP map 3-35 DLCI mappi
Index IP routing 1-5 IP stats 3-66 IP/default gateway 3-13 IP/DNS 3-16 IP/IP address 3-12 IP/IP router 3-14 IP/mode 3-43 IP/NAT 3-15, 3-44 IP/proxy ARP 3-18 IP/RIP 3-14, 3-45 IP/route 3-44 IP/static routes 3-13 G IP/subnet mask 3-12 GetNextRequest C-2 IP/UDP relay 3-17 I IPX filter defines 3-30 IDSL 1-1 IPX map/active 3-37 network connection 2-1 IPX map/IARP 3-38 overview 1-1 setting up the line Quick Start-1 IPX map/link network 3-38 IPX menu 3-19 IDSL/channel rate 3-11 IPX router 1-4 IDSL/FEBEs 3-11 IPX
Index LAN stats 3-65 LEDs 1-7, 1-8 line mode Quick Start-1 link IP 3-45 log messages B-1 logs menu 3-2, 3-69 logs/connection log 3-70 logs/network log 3-71 logs/PPP log 3-70 logs/sys log host 3-69 loop status messages A-1 M MAC addresses 1-4 MAC bridging 1-5 MAC filter defines 3-28 maint port/baud rate 3-56 maint port/data bits 3-56 maint port/parity 3-56 maint port/password 3-55 maint port/password protect 355 maint port/stop bits 3-56 maintenance DLCI 3-41 maintenance port 3-55 maintenance protocol 3-33
Index PPP log/active 3-70 PPP log/clear 3-70 PPP log/level 3-70 PPP log/view 3-70 PPP log/wrap 3-70 PPP peer 3-16 PPP profile 3-42 PPP profile/authentication 3-42 PPP profile/bridge 3-47 PPP profile/filters 3-49 PPP profile/IP 3-43 PPP profile/IPX 3-46 PPP profile/PPP 3-48 PPP/max config 3-48 PPP/max failure 3-48 PPP/max timer 3-48 PPP/VJ compression 3-48 proxy ARP 3-18 RJ-49C interface D-1 route/force IP 3-44 route/IP/net 3-44 route/netmask 3-44 routing concurrent routing and bridging 1-6 demand 1-5 IP 1
Index split horizon 3-15, 3-45 static routes/active 3-13 static routes/gateway 3-13 static routes/hops 3-13 static routes/IP address 3-13 static routes/private 3-14 static routes/subnet mask 3-13 status menu 3-2, 3-57 status/ARP cache 3-60 status/bridge table 3-61 status/IP routes 3-61 status/IP stats 3-66 status/IPX routes 3-63 status/IPX servers 3-64 status/LAN stats 3-65 status/sessions 3-57 status/WAN stats 3-65 stop bits 3-56 subnet mask 3-12 switches OFF/ON 1-8 TO HUB/TO NIC 1-8 system contact 3-9 sy
Index utilities menu 3-2, 3-73 utilities/exit 3-75 utilities/ping 3-73 utilities/Telnet client 3-74 utilities/upgrade menu 3-74 V VJ compression 3-48 W WAN IP bridge 3-22 WAN IP bridge proxy ARP 3-23 WAN IP bridge/netmask 3-23 WAN IP bridge/network 3-22 WAN IP bridge/triggered 3-23 WAN IPX bridge 3-23 61200176L1-1 WAN IPX bridge/frame type 324 WAN IPX bridge/network 3-23 WAN IPX bridge/seed status 324 WAN IPX bridge/triggered 3-24 WAN menu 3-10 WAN stats 3-65 WAN/ISDN 3-10 WAN/L2 protocol 3-11 web 1-10
Index 61200176L1-1 Express 6100/6120 User Manual Index-8
Product Support Information Presales Inquiries and Applications Support Please contact your local distributor, ADTRAN Applications Engineering, or ADTRAN Sales: Applications Engineering (800) 615-1176 Sales (800) 827-0807 Post-Sale Support Please contact your local distributor first. If your local distributor cannot help, please contact ADTRAN Technical Support and have the unit serial number available.
