ADVANCED ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS, INC.
USER'S GUIDE PREFACE PREFACE TO THE PK-232 DATA CONTROLLER Please read this preface in its entirety. It contains information about how to receive warranty service from AEA, the current software installed in your PK-232, AEA's software update policy and how to get involved in the digital radio community. RF interference Information To User This PK-232 has been certified under Subpart J of Part 15 of the FCC rules. This equipment generates and uses radio frequency energy.
USER'S GUIDE PREFACE Welcome Congratulations!! You've purchased another fine AEA product. PLEASE, before we go any further, may we ask you to FILL OUT AND RETURN the Warranty Registration Card, which has been packed with your PK-232 system. WE WILL NOT BE ABLE TO FURNISH YOU WITH ANY UPDATES TO THE SOFTWARE IF YOU DO NOT RETURN THE ABOVE DOCUMENT. AS NEW FEATURES ARE DEVELOPED, WE ARE SURE YOU WILL WANT TO BE ABLE TO OBTAIN THEM.
USER'S GUIDE PREFACE UPS Surface (Brown Label) takes 7-8 days, Blue takes 2-3 days and Red is presently available on the West Coast only. Red is an overnight service and it is expensive. Send the PK-232 in a way that it can be traced if we cannot verify receipt of shipment. We suggest UPS or insured postal shipment. If the PK-232 is still under the original owners warranty, AEA will pay the cost of the return shipment.
USER'S GUIDE PREFACE INTRODUCTION Welcome to the exciting world of digital Amateur Radio! You've joined the ranks of the fastest growing modes in Amateur Radio since the FM repeater. Your AEA PK-232 Data Controller is the connection between your computer and radios. The PK-232 performs all the "magic" of establishing data and text communications between your station and many other communication facilities equipped for digital communications.
USER'S GUIDE TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS Paragraph Page CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................ 1.2 Scope ......................................................................................................... 1.3 General ....................................................................................................... 1.3.1 Application .......................................................
USER'S GUIDE TABLE OF CONTENTS Paragraph Page 2.5.9 Display Timing Parameters ................................................................. 2.6 Immediate Commands ................................................................................. 2.7 "Quick Start" Radio Connections and Set-up .................................................. 2.7.1 FM Installation and Adjustment .......................................................... 2.7.2 SSB Installation and Adjustment ...........................
USER'S GUIDE TABLE OF CONTENTS Paragraph 3.4.2 3.4.2.1 3.4.2.2 3.4.2.3 3.4.2.4 3.4.2.5 3.4.2.6 3.4.2.7 3.4.2.8 3.4.2.9 3.4.2.10 3.4.2.11 Page Formatting Commands ...................................................................... Screen Line Length ................................................................. Monitor Echo .......................................................................... Automatic Word/Character Output ........................................... Line Feed .................
USER'S GUIDE TABLE OF CONTENTS Paragraph Page 4.5.6 Mode B (FEC) Call - Start the Contact (FEC Command) ........................ 4.5.6.1 LED Status and Mode Indicators .............................................. 4.5.6.2 Mode B (FEC) Changeover ...................................................... 4.5.6.3 End the Mode B (FEC) Contact - Return to ARQ Standby ........... 4.5.7 Echo-As-Sent (EAS Command) ........................................................... 4.5.
USER'S GUIDE TABLE OF CONTENTS Paragraph 4.6.13 4.6.13.1 4.6.13.2 4.6.13.3 4.6.13.4 4.6.13.5 4.6.13.6 4.6.13.7 4.6.14 4.6.14.1 4.6.14.2 4.6.14.3 4.6.14.4 4.6.14.5 Page Packet Formatting ............................................................................. PACLEN - Long or Short? ......................................................... Backspace and Delete ............................................................. Cancel Line ....................................................................
USER'S GUIDE TABLE OF CONTENTS Paragraph Page CHAPTER 6 – COMMAND SUMMARY 6.1 Introduction ................................................................................................ 6.1.1 Entering Commands .......................................................................... 6.1.2 Command Responses ........................................................................ 6.1.3 Error Messages ................................................................................. 6.2 Command List ....
USER'S GUIDE TABLE OF CONTENTS Paragraph Page CCITT ......................................................................................................... 6-24 CFROM ....................................................................................................... 6-24 CHCALL ...................................................................................................... 6-25 CHDOUBLE .................................................................................................
USER'S GUIDE TABLE OF CONTENTS Paragraph Page MSTAMP ..................................................................................................... 6-50 MTO ........................................................................................................... 6-51 MYALIAS ..................................................................................................... 6-52 MYALTCAL ...................................................................................................
USER'S GUIDE TABLE OF CONTENTS Paragraph Page XMITOK ...................................................................................................... 6-71 XOFF .......................................................................................................... 6-72 XON ........................................................................................................... 6-72 173 174 174 APPENDICES APPENDIX A PK-232 COMMAND LIST ........................................................
USER'S GUIDE INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction The User's Guide to the PK-232 describes the general characteristics and operation of your AEA PK-232 Data Controller. Your User's Guide will help you to install, adjust and operates the system. 1.2 Scope Your User's Guide provides general information on installation and operation of the PK-232. The Guide describes the PK-232's features, system components and basic operation in Morse, Baudot and ASCII RTTY, AMTOR and Packet-Radio.
USER'S GUIDE 1.3.2.2 INTRODUCTION Modem Characteristics Demodulator: Receive Bandpass: VHF Packet: HF (except CW): CW: Modulator: Output Level: 1.3.2.3 Processor System Protocol conversion: RAM: ROM: Hardware HDLC: 1.3.2.4 Limiter-discriminator type, preceded by an eight-pole Chebyshev 0.5 db-ripple bandpass filter. Automatically switched by operating mode.
USER'S GUIDE 1.3.2.5 INTRODUCTION Controls and Indicators Front Panel Controls: Indicators: Power Switch Radio Selector Switch Threshold Adjust Ten-segment discriminator-type bargraph indicator for HF tuning. DCD LED (Data Carrier Detect) Status and Mode Indicators: 1.3.2.6 Status Group STBY PHASE IDLE ERROR/CONV OVER TFC/TRANS RQ/CMD CON STA MULT SEND General Power Requirements: Mechanical: 1.3.
USER'S GUIDE 1.4 INTRODUCTION System Components Your PK-232 Data Controller package contains the following items: o o o 1.4.1 One PK-232 Data Controller Cables to connect your PK-232 to two separate radios User Guide to the PK-232 Input/Output Devices Your PK-232 can be used with a standard ASCII communications terminal or computer equipped with an RS-232 serial data port and an ASCII communications program or terminal emulator.
USER'S GUIDE INSTALLATION CHAPTER 2 – INSTALLATION 2.1 "Quick Start" Installation You'll probably want to get your PK-232 connected and operating as soon as possible. This section contains instructions for a "generic" installation and system checkout to install and verify your PK-232's operation. More detailed installation and system checkout instructions for specific computer applications are contained in AEA's Technical Manual for the PK-232. 2.1.
USER'S GUIDE 2.1.3.3 INSTALLATION Radio Input and Output Connections (See Table 1-1) AEA has supplied two shielded cables for connecting your PK-232 to one or two radios. One end is already pre-wired with a 5-pin Molex-type plug. You must supply and connect the plug for the end that connects to you radio's microphone receptacle or PTT and phone patch and tone inputs. NOTE: Don't prepare both cables yet.
USER'S GUIDE 2.1.4 INSTALLATION Controls Your PK-232's front panel has three controls: o o o 2.1.5 POWER ON/OFF push switch - turns off power from external supply RADIO-1/Radio-2 push switch - selects between two available I/O jacks THRESHOLD control - squelch-like adjustment inhibits display of garbage characters produced by received noise Indicators Your PK-232's front panel has three categories of LED (Light-Emitting Diode) indicators: o o o 2.1.5.
USER'S GUIDE INSTALLATION In the absence of a received tone signal, the center LED elements are lit. When the received tone is at the "mark" frequency, the LED bars at the left side of the indicator will be lit. Received "space" tones will light the bars at the right side of the indicator. A properly-tuned RTTY, AMTOR or Packet signal will be symmetrically divided, with the brightest bars at the ends of the indicator.
USER'S GUIDE 2.3.1 INSTALLATION Echoes You may see to characters on your screen for every typed character. cmd:RREESSEETT Both your computer and your PK-232 are echoing your typed characters. o Type: ECHO OFF to stop the PK-232's echoes. If you later use your PK-232 with a different computer or terminal program, you may see nothing displayed when you type. In that case, set ECHO ON. 2.3.
USER'S GUIDE 2.4 INSTALLATION System Start-up and Quick-check Do these steps before connecting any cables between your PK-232 and your radio. Connect your PK-232 to your computer via the RS-232 cable. MAKE SURE THAT ONLY PINS 1 THROUGH 8 and PIN 20 are connected. Connect you PK-232 o a regulated 12-volt DC power supply. Set the RADIO 1 / RADIO 2 switch to RADIO 1. Connect a wire jumper between pins 1 and 2 on the PK-232's J4, or short the two appropriate loads on your TTL connector cables.
USER'S GUIDE INSTALLATION Type MY AAA followed by a (or ENTER key). Your monitor should display: MYCALL was PK232 Type C AAA followed by a . After a few moments, your monitor should display: *** CONNECTED to AAA Type a few characters, any character, followed by a . After a few moments, your monitor should echo the same characters that you've just typed. Type CONTROL-C (type C while pressing the CONTROL key down).
USER'S GUIDE 2.5.1 INSTALLATION Display Complete Command List At the cmd: prompt, type the command word DISPLAY Z. The PK-232 displays the entire list as shown in APPENDIX A. The DISPLAY Z command shows the complete command list and the ROM default values installed at time of manufacture, assigned to those parameters that take values. The default shown, below are in effect when the PK-232 is turned on for the first time and each time that you type the RESET command. 2.5.
USER'S GUIDE 2.5.4 INSTALLATION Display Special Characters cmd:disp c BKONDEL CHSWITCH CHCALL CANLINE COMMAND CANPAC CWID DELETE PASS RECEIVE REDISPLA SENDPAC START STOP TIME XOFF XON 2.5.5 ON $00 OFF $18 $03 $19 $06 OFF $16 $04 $12 $0D $11 $13 $14 $13 $11 Send for DELETE character Channel-select (Link) character Show call sign after channel ID LINE DELETE character Character escape to COMMAND Mode PACKET DELETE character Command to send CWID (in text) Use ($08).
USER'S GUIDE 2.5.6 INSTALLATION Display Link Parameters cmd:disp l CONNECT ACRPACK ALFPACK AX25L2V2 CONPERM CFROM CONMODE DFROM FULLDUP HBAUD MAXFRAME NEWMODE NOMODE PACLEN PASSALL RETRY TRIES USERS VHF XMITOK 2.5.7 Link state is: DISCONNECTED ON Add to Packet OFF Send after , Packet OFF Operate as AX.25 Version 1.
USER'S GUIDE 2.5.8 INSTALLATION Display Morse/RTTY/AMTOR Parameters cmd:disp r ABAUD ACRRTTY ADELAY ALFRTTY CCITT CRADD EAS MSPEED RBAUD RXREV SQUELCH TXREV USOS WIDESHIFT WORDOUT 2.5.
USER'S GUIDE 2.6 INSTALLATION Immediate Commands The "immediate" commands do not have default values. These commands take effect as soon as you type them (and a ), to start, stop or activate a specific PK-232 function. NOTE: Like all other PK-232 commands, the immediate commands can by typed with a short mnemonic or abbreviated form. See the complete description of commands in the Command Summary.
USER'S GUIDE INSTALLATION "Quick Start" uses the simplest method of connecting your PK-232 to your radio - via the radio's microphone jack. However, unless you have an auxiliary speaker-mike jack, you may not be able to monitor the channel or conveniently use the rig on voice. This type of connection may also be susceptible to RFI from nearby amateur or commercial transmitters.
USER'S GUIDE 2.7.1 INSTALLATION FM Installation and Adjustment NOTE: Turn power off before making any connections. 1. Connect your PK-232 and FM radio as shown in Figure 2-2. BE SURE THAT THE FIVEPIN CONNECTORS EXIT DOWNWARD FROM J4 AND J6. Figure 2-2 Radio-to-PK-232 Connections 2. Turn on your computer and PK-232 and start your terminal program. 3. Connect the radio to a dummy load; be prepared to monitor your transmissions with a nearby radio.
USER'S GUIDE INSTALLATION 10. Type Q to "Quit" (exit) the calibration routine. You've now set your FM transmitter's deviation to an approximate level which will be adequate for initial operation. 11. With your radio in the receive mode, open the squelch control so that a steady hiss or noise is heard in the speaker. 12. Set the PK-232's THRESHOLD control to the "12-o'clock" position. 13. Set the receiver's volume control so the DCD LED on your PK-232 just lights with the receiver unsquelched.
USER'S GUIDE INSTALLATION 4. If your SSB radio has a "monitor" facility, i.e., an audio output that lets you listen to the audio signals entering the microphone or phone patch jacks, turn that monitor circuit on. 5. Set the radio's MODE selector to LSB (lower sideband). 6. Set the radio's meter switch to the "ALC" position. If the radio doesn't have an "ALC" indication, set the meter switch to "Ip" to read plate current. If a plate current reading isn't available, set the meter to indicate power output.
USER'S GUIDE INSTALLATION 14. Set the PK-232's front-panel THRESHOLD control at approximately the two-o'clock position. 15. With your radio in receive mode, tune the receiver to a clear, unoccupied frequency. 16. Set the receiver's volume control so the DCD LED on your PK-232 is just lit by the output noise signals from your receiver. This is the approximate receiver audio output level for best receive performance from your PK-232's modem. 2.7.2.
USER'S GUIDE 2.7.3.1 INSTALLATION DC Keying If you choose the DC keying method, consult your radio's instruction manual to determine if your radio uses negative or positive keying polarity. 1. Connect a two-wire shielded cable from the PK-232's positive (J9) or negative (J10) keying jacks to your radio's CW key input connector. 2. Set your radio's Mode Selector switch to the "CW" position and operate the radio as though you were using a manual or hand key.
USER'S GUIDE BASIC OPERATION CHAPTER 3 – BASIC OPERATION 3.1 Exploring the PK-232 Program This chapter shows you how to use your PK-232 in each of its operating modes, describes the keyboard commands you'll use to "talk" to your PK-232, and the answers, prompts and error messages you'll receive from your PK-232. 3.2 LED STATUS and Mode Indicators Your PK-232's front-panel LEDs show you the operating mode and system status at any moment. Each LED is marked with an abbreviated name.
USER'S GUIDE 3.2.2 3.2.2.
USER'S GUIDE 3.3 BASIC OPERATION PK-232 Commands The PK-232 Data Controller is a command driven system. All control functions are are performed by typing single- and multiple-character command from your computer's keyboard. Menus are not used. Commands can specify the variable values of the parameters that affect the PK-232's general operation and its performance during specific actions. 3.3.1 Entering Commands Commands are entered after the Command Mode prompt: cmd:.
USER'S GUIDE 3.3.3 BASIC OPERATION Error Messages If your PK-232 can't understand what you've typed, you'll get an error message in English telling you the nature of the error.
USER'S GUIDE o BASIC OPERATION The command MYCALL can be entered by simply typing MY. The abbreviation M is not enough (and will interpreted as another command), but MY, MYC, MYCA, MYCAL or MYCALL are acceptable. If a command requires parameters, the type of parameter is indicated after the command name as well as the default value. For example: o 3.3.5 n means the command takes a numerical parameter value.
USER'S GUIDE o BASIC OPERATION Numeric Parameters A parameter designated as n is a numeric value. Numeric values can be entered as the familiar decimal numbers, or optionally, as hexadecimal numbers. When using hexadecimal notation, you must prefix the number you type with a "$" character. The PK-232 displays some of these numeric parameters (those which set special characters) in hexadecimal format.
USER'S GUIDE BASIC OPERATION o BEACON EVERY|AFTER n The BEACON command requires both Boolean and numeric arguments. You must specify either EVERY or AFTER (abbreviated to E or A), followed by an argument n chosen from some range of values. An appropriate entry would be BEACON EVERY 180 (this tells your PK-232 to send a beacon every 180 × 10 seconds, every 30 minutes), or BEACON EVERY 0 (tells your PK-232 to never send the beacon at all). o CONNECT call1 [VIA call2[,call3...
USER'S GUIDE BASIC OPERATION is changed. The checksum is a hex number which you can compare against the correct checksum given for the firmware version you are using. PK-232 is using default values. cmd: This is the Command Mode prompt. When this prompt appears, the PK-232 is waiting for you to issue a command. Anything you type after this prompt is read by the PK232's command interpreter as a command to the PK-232.
USER'S GUIDE BASIC OPERATION ?not enough You didn't give enough arguments for a command that expects several parameters. ?need ALL/NONE/YES/NO You didn't give the arguments needed for CFROM, DFROM, MFROM and MTO. ?too many You gave too many arguments for a command that expects several parameters. For example, MFILTER can have up to 4 arguments. cmd:MFILTER $1B,$0C,$1A,$03,$07 ?too many ?too long You typed a command line that is too long; the line was ignored.
USER'S GUIDE BASIC OPERATION Your station is connected to a distant station – you'll see the digipeater path in use, if any. The call sign sequence is the same sequence you would type to initiate the connection. o Link state is: DISCONNECTED No link or connection exists right now. You may type the CONNECT command to initiate a connection. o Link state is: DISCONNECT in progress You've typed a disconnect request, but the acknowledgment from the other station has not been received.
USER'S GUIDE o BASIC OPERATION *** busy *** DISCONNECTED: Your connect request was rejected by a DM packet (busy signal) from the other station. You PK-232 will reject a connect request if CFROM is set to NONE, or if you are already connected to another station. o FRMR sent: xx xx xx Your PK-232 is connected but a protocol error has occurred. Your PK-232 has transmitted a special FRMR packet and is trying to re-synchronize frame numbers with the distant station's Packet system.
USER'S GUIDE BASIC OPERATION In ASCII RTTY: From Command Mode: R X 3.3.10.4 Switches system to receive mode, forces LETTERS case. Switches system to transmit mode. AMTOR Mode From Command Mode: L R AM AL X Forces LETTERS case. Stops transmission in progress, forces AMTOR Standby. Stops transmission in progress, forces AMTOR Standby. In ALIST (AMTOR mode A Listen), forces re-synchronization. Unlike Baudot, ASCII and Morse, this has no effect. Embedded in transmitted text: 3.3.10.
USER'S GUIDE 3.4.1.2 BASIC OPERATION Invert Transmitted Data (TXREV) The TXREV command reverses the mark and space (stop and start) tones in Baudot and ASCII RTTY and AMTOR transmission. The polarity of the received data is not affected. Use this option if you can't transmit with the opposite sideband to match a station that is receiving inverted data. 3.4.1.
USER'S GUIDE 3.4.1.7 BASIC OPERATION Answerback (AAB) The answerback and WRU? functions are widely used in low-speed Baudot TTY, telex, ASCII and AMTOR/SITOR services to confirm that the traffic is being received by the proper station and is probably being received correctly. You can store up to 17 characters in your answerback field. The text string can be whatever suits your needs.
USER'S GUIDE 3.4.2.2 BASIC OPERATION Monitor Echo (ECHO) The ECHO command controls local echo by your PK-232 in all modes except Packet-Radio's Transparent Mode. If the characters you type are correctly displayed, the ECHO function is set properly. o o 3.4.2.3 If you don't see your typing on your display, set ECHO to ON. If you see each typed character doubled, set ECHO to OFF.
USER'S GUIDE BASIC OPERATION o Don't use this option when retransmitting text, such as ARRL RTTY bulletins received from another station – the received text already contains the carriage returns. Thus, enabling "Automatic CR" sends double or triple line feeds which look very strange to the distant station.
USER'S GUIDE BASIC OPERATION Set EAS ON when operating Morse, Baudot RTTY and AMTOR – these modes don't use lower case characters. You can operate in a relaxed and normal manner, typing entirely in lower case if that's easier for you. With EAS ON, your PK-232 translates your lower case typing into UPPER CASE Morse or Baudot/CCITT characters. When EAS is ON when operating Morse, Baudot and AMTOR, only UPPER CASE characters appear on your screen at the time it is sent to the air.
USER'S GUIDE OPERATING MODES CHAPTER 4 – OPERATING MODES 4.1 General Information Five modes of operation are available with the PK-232. o o o o o 4.1.1 Morse Code Baudot RTTY ASCII RTTY AMTOR Packet-Radio Morse Code Morse continues to be foundation of amateur radio operation. The traditional Morse code QSO is greatly improved by computer-based Morse operation. Messages formerly handled manually can now be sent at much higher speeds, with greater ease of operation.
USER'S GUIDE OPERATING MODES AMTOR Mode A (ARQ) is the considered to be the most error-free method of HF radiogram message and text transmission available in the amateur radio service today. o Use AMTOR Mode A (ARQ - Automatic Request for Repetition) to answer another station's CQ call, or to set up a synchronous, interactive link with error detection and correction.
USER'S GUIDE OPERATING MODES Embedded in transmitted text: Shut off transmitter immediately and go to Command Mode. All amateurs are familiar with CW operation. However, there are some differences between manual and automatic Morse operation. As a rule, computer-based Morse needs stronger signals in order to achieve the lowest number of errors in automatic decoding of the received test.
USER'S GUIDE 4.2.4 OPERATING MODES Special Morse Characters The PK-232's Morse program contains special keystrokes that you can use to make transmission easier, faster and more enjoyable. The most frequently used Morse "prosigns" are coded into the keyboard with keys that have no direct representation in standard Morse. These special "reserved" keys are listed below: Keystroke Abbreviation Meaning * & + ( = > ! % 4.2.
USER'S GUIDE 4.3.1 OPERATING MODES Transmit/Receive Function Keys From the Command Mode: L R X Forces LETTERS case. Switches system to receive mode, forces LETTERS case. Switches system to transmit mode. Embedded in transmitted text: Sends LETTERS character. Sends FIGURES character. Shut off transmitter immediately. Send call sign in Morse and shut off transmitter.
USER'S GUIDE 4.3.3 OPERATING MODES CCITT On/Off Use the CCITT command when operating Baudot RTTY to select the correct character translation between the standard "American keyboard" and the internationally standardized keyboard used outside the U.S.A. The CCITT option automatically translates your typing into International Telegraph Alphabet Number 2 (ITA #2) to avoid character conflicts when working stations overseas. (Part 97.69 of the FCC Rules calls for this code when operating Baudot RTTY.
USER'S GUIDE 4.4.1 OPERATING MODES Transmit/Receive Function Keys From the Command Mode: R X Switches system to receive mode. Switches system to transmit mode. Embedded in transmitted text: Shut off transmitter immediately. Send call sign in Morse and shut off transmitter. The PK-232 provides RTTY operation in ASCII code at 45, 50, 57, 75, 100, 110, 150, 200 and 300 bauds. 4.4.2 Baud Rate (Speed) Change Use the ABAUD command to change the ASCII data rate.
USER'S GUIDE 4.4.3 OPERATING MODES General Use of Control Key Functions When planning text files and messages for later transmission in the ASCII RTTY mode, you can include any of the "" commands just as you would use them in most word processors.
USER'S GUIDE 4.5 OPERATING MODES AMTOR Operation From the Command Mode, type AMTOR or AM, followed by to enter the AMTOR mode. The PK-232 will respond with the previous mode: OPMODE 4.5.
USER'S GUIDE OPERATING MODES For "1 by 2" call signs, the first letter is doubled, e.g., "N7ML" becomes "NNML". This method is acceptable for most cases. 4.5.3.1 First SELCAL Installation Type MYSELCAL or MYS to load your SELCAL into the PK-232: cmd:myselcal nnml The PK-232 will respond with: MYSELCAL was The "blank" response occurs the first time you use the PK-232. There is no default SELCAL. Type MYS to confirm your SELCAL is properly loaded: cmd:mys The PK-232 will respond with: MYSELCAL NNML 4.
USER'S GUIDE 4.5.4.1 OPERATING MODES LED Status and Mode Indicators After selecting AMTOR, the PK-232 displays system status on its LEDs: STATUS: MODE: STBY lit STBY lit Type ARQ (SELCAL of distant station). The LEDs change to: STATUS: MODE: SEND lit, PHASE lit ARQ lit These LEDs show that your transmitter is in the SEND condition, in the "phasing" part of an ARQ selective call. Your transmitter will key on and off sending the distant station's SELCAL.
USER'S GUIDE 4.5.4.
USER'S GUIDE o OPERATING MODES Type to break the link and send your Morse ID. Your PK-232 switches in the Morse Mode, sends your call sign at the speed set by MSPEED and then shuts off your transmitter. o Type to stop transmission immediately. The link is broken but the distant station's system keeps looking for your signals and continues sending control signals, trying to maintain the link until it times out. This method is considered poor operating practice.
USER'S GUIDE o OPERATING MODES Don't send long CQ calls with many lines of repeated call signs. FEC eliminates the need for long CQ calls. A simple "3 by 3" sequence is all you need in FEC.
USER'S GUIDE 4.5.6.3 OPERATING MODES End the Mode B (FEC) Contact, Return to ARQ Standby You can end the FEC contact in several different ways: o Type to return to Command Mode. Then type R break the link. The R function stops the FEC transmission, turns off your transmitter and returns your PK-232 to AMTOR Standby. You can be accessed by any distant station's transmission of your SELCAL. o Without returning to Command Mode, type to send your Morse ID and shut off your transmitter.
USER'S GUIDE OPERATING MODES If the changeover from transmit to receive is too long, the minimum working distance is extended; the signal to the distant station will arrive before the station has switched back to receive. However, if the transmitting station is further away, the transmission time over the propagation path will delay the arrival of the signal until after the station has switched to receive.
USER'S GUIDE 4.6 OPERATING MODES Packet-Radio Operation This section describes basic Packet operation. You'll learn quite a bit about your PK-232's Packet features and control operation without really sending anything over the air. For your first Packet practice, the PK-232 will be connected in a "loopback" circuit so that it will "talk to itself". You'll have a chance become familiar with Packet operation before you actually go on the air.
USER'S GUIDE 4.6.2 OPERATING MODES Station Identification You must use the MYCALL command to install your your station identification (call sign) in your PK-232's memory (see next section). If you intend to operate more than one station with the same call sign, the stations must use some means of telling the difference between two operations under that same call sign – two stations cannot have identical station identifications. if they do, Packet protocol will fail. 4.6.2.
USER'S GUIDE 4.6.3 OPERATING MODES Set Up Loopback Test Circuit Do these steps in the exact order shown: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Get the shielded radio cable you set aside in Chapter 2. Strip an tin the wires at the "radio" end of the cable. Join the green and white wires coming from pins 1 and 2. Insert the plastic plug end of the cable into J6, the "RADIO 2" connector on the PK232's rear panel. Be sure that the plug is insert with the cable running downward.
USER'S GUIDE 4.6.6 OPERATING MODES System Quick-Check – Loopback Test Connection Try this using your own call sign. Type CONNECT (MYCALL). cmd:CONNECT (MYCALL) *** CONNECTED to (MYCALL) The LEDs change to show your PK-232 in Packet Mode, in CONNECTED state and in CONVERSE Mode. STATUS: MODE: CONV lit, CON lit PKT lit Your PK-232 sends special packets to set up a connection. These packets are now leaving your PK-232 on J7's Pin 1 and returning on Pin 2 without being transmitted over your radio. 4.6.6.
USER'S GUIDE 4.6.6.4 OPERATING MODES Return to Converse Mode Type CONVERSE to return to Converse Mode. cmd:CONVERSE Whatever I type in Converse Mode is transmitted. Whatever I type in Converse Mode is transmitted. cmd: 4.6.6.5 Terminate the Link – Disconnect Type DISCONNE (or D) to terminate the link or connection.
USER'S GUIDE 4.6.7.2 OPERATING MODES Starting the QSO You're ready to try connecting! We'll use WX2BBB in place of your call sign, and WX6FFF for your partner's call sign. Type to verify that you're in Command Mode. Now type CONNECT WX6FFF after the cmd: prompt. After a moment you should see: *** CONNECTED to WX6FFF You've begun your first QSO! Both you and your partner will be automatically switched to Converse Mode.
USER'S GUIDE OPERATING MODES o If only one station is "hearing" properly, concentrate on the modulator and transmitter of that station and the demodulator and receiver of the other station. Experiment with the TXDELAY timing parameter for the sending TNC. Set TXDELAY 64 for a longer delay. If this solves the problem, decrease TXDELAY to the smallest value that works all the time. o 4.6.
USER'S GUIDE 4.6.8.2 OPERATING MODES Will You Accept Connections? CFROM determines if call requests are accepted or rejected, which are accepted and which are rejected. CFROM works with four arguments: "all", "none", "yes" and "no". "ALL" and "NONE" are used alone and work this way: o o ALL – your PK-232 accepts connect requests from all callers; NONE – your PK-232 rejects connect requests from all callers.
USER'S GUIDE OPERATING MODES You can can send your own connect command if you wish to chat with the calling station even though his/her call request has been rejected. Clear CFROM with %, & or OFF as arguments. Error messages will result from invalid commands. Here are some examples: 4.6.8.
USER'S GUIDE 4.6.9 OPERATING MODES Digipeater Details You may wish to connect to a Packet station that is beyond your direct radio range. If a third Packet station is on the air and both you and the station you want to talk to are in range of that third station, the third station can relay or "digipeat" your packets. You set up the "digipeater routing when you request the connection. Your PK-232 automatically includes the necessary routing information in the transmitted packets.
USER'S GUIDE OPERATING MODES If MRPT is ON (default), you'll also see your call sign in the packet header, showing the exact digipeater path in which you are included. the call sign of the station whose packet is being decoded is flagged with as asterisk. Here's a sample taken with Monitor 4 (default), MDIGI ON and MRPT ON: W2HPM*>W2JUP-2>W2PEE: What time is the meeting? W2PEE*>W2JUP-2>w2HPM 4.6.9.
USER'S GUIDE OPERATING MODES You can add SSIDs as -n after the call sign. If DFROM is set to NO N7ML or YES N7ML, any combination of N7ML, N7ML-1,...N7ML-15 will be matched and processed. If DFROM is set to YES N7ML-1 or NO N7ML-1, then only N7ML-1 will match and be processed. Clear DFROM with %, &, or OFF as arguments. Error messages will result from invalid commands. Here are some examples: 4.6.
USER'S GUIDE OPERATING MODES If you are operating under special conditions such as a marginal HF channel, you can set RETRY to 0 (zero) to disable all automatic disconnects – the retry attempt is not limited. 4.6.11 Monitoring Activity on the Channel In addition to displaying data from the station to which you're connected, you can monitor all packet activity on the channel, "read the mail", display packets "flying" between other stations.
USER'S GUIDE OPERATING MODES Your Monitor now shows: {MYCALL}>CQ:This is a test packet. Because the UNPROTO parameter is defaulted to the address "CQ", your packets are sent to "CQ" – you're not connected to any other station. Your packet was "heard" by your PK-232 and displayed with the packet header containing the sending station's call sign and the destination. 4.6.11.2 Monitoring Digipeaters – The MRPT Command Set MRPT ON to see any digipeater stations being used.
USER'S GUIDE 4.6.12.1 OPERATING MODES The MFROM Command MFROM uses arguments to determine how your PK-232 monitors Packet channels and displays information – which stations' packets will be displayed and which stations' packets will be masked or hidden. MFROM is set to ALL when you start your PK-232 for the first time. Type MFROM to display the ALL/NONE/YES list/NO list status of call signs of stations from whom packets will or will not be displayed.
USER'S GUIDE 4.6.12.2 OPERATING MODES The MTO Command MTO uses arguments to determine how your PK-232 monitors the Packet channels and displays information – which stations' packets will be displayed and which stations' packets will be masked or hidden. MTO is set to NONE when you start your PK-232 for the first time. Type MTO to display the ALL/NONE/YES list/NO list status of call signs of stations to whom packets will or will not be displayed.
USER'S GUIDE 4.6.12.3 OPERATING MODES The MCON Command Use the MCON command for selective monitoring of other traffic on the channel while connected to a distant station. Use this feature to have your PK-232 "listen" for a specific station while you are connected to and conversing with someone else. Set MCON to 0 (zero) or OFF to monitor packet activity when your station is not connected, but have all monitoring automatically cease when you are connected to someone.
USER'S GUIDE o o OPERATING MODES If DAYSTAMP is OFF, CONSTAMP and MSTAMP show only TIME. If DAYSTAMP is ON, the DATE is included in CONSTAMP an MSTAMP. Set DAYSTAMP ON when you want a dated record of Packet channel activity, or when you're unavailable for local Packet operation. 4.6.12.7 DAYTIME – Set the Real-Time Clock You can activate the PK-232's real-time clock by setting the date and time with the command DAYTIME.
USER'S GUIDE 4.6.13.1 OPERATING MODES PACLEN – Long or Short? PACLEN sets the maximum length of your packet – the largest number of typed characters that can fit in one packet. If you type more than the maximum number of characters (default 128) without typing a "send-packet" character (default ), your PK232 will send a maximum-length packet. In Transparent Mode, a packet is sent if the maximum number of characters is typed before the delay set by PACTIME forces a packet to be sent. NOTE: 4.6.13.
USER'S GUIDE OPERATING MODES Here you mis-typed the first letters of the call and rubbed them out. The PK-232 displayed "\" for each letter erased. You then retyped the call and re-displayed the characters on the new line. 4.6.13.5 XON/XOFF, START/STOP – Display Flow Control Type to stop the display if your monitor scrolls the data faster than you can read it. Type to resume output from the PK-232 to your computer. 4.6.13.
USER'S GUIDE 4.6.14.1 OPERATING MODES Default Multiple-Connect Conditions At start-up and until changed by the user, your PK-232 defaults to the following multiple-connect conditions: CONPERM CHCALL CHDOUBLE CHSWITCH USERS OFF OFF OFF $00 1 These defaults set your PK-232 to operate exactly as would a TNC without the multipleconnect feature. The key to setting "normal" operation is the value USERS = 1. 4.6.14.
USER'S GUIDE 4.6.14.4 OPERATING MODES Display Multiple-Connect Call Signs – The CHCALL Command CHCALL displays the call sign of the "connected-to" station after the channel identifier. CHCALL is especially useful when operating with multiple connections. Using CHCALL is similar to using MRPT to show digipeat paths when monitoring the channel. Set CHCALL ON if you intend to operate multiple connections. 4.6.14.
USER'S GUIDE ADVANCED PACKET OPERATION CHAPTER 5 – ADVANCED PACKET OPERATION 5.1. Introduction This chapter describes special aspects and advanced concepts not used in everyday conversational operation. Read this chapter carefully if you intend to use your PK-232 for: o o o o o 5.1.1.
USER'S GUIDE 5.2.1.2. ADVANCED PACKET OPERATION COMMAND DESCRIPTION CANLINE CANPAC DELETE PASS REDISPLA START, STOP XOFF, XON Cancel current line Cancel packet output Delete character with destructive backspace Insert after special character Re-display current typed line Computer flow control characters (sent to PK-232) PK-232 flow control characters (sent to computer Display Control in Command Mode The following commands affect display features which are active in the Command Mode.
USER'S GUIDE ADVANCED PACKET OPERATION Some computers have difficulty simultaneously sending and receiving characters over the serial port. This is most commonly the case for computers with "software UARTs". Type-in flow control improves the operation of such computers with your PK-232. 5.3.2. Data Flow Control In Command Mode, your PK-232's input buffer may fill up if you try to type a command that is too long.
USER'S GUIDE ADVANCED PACKET OPERATION A STOP/START character sent to your PK-232 will be ignored when the PK-232 is already stopped/started. If the STOP and START characters are identical, that character "toggles" the output, turning it off when it is on and on when it is off. You can disable XON/XOFF flow control in one direction only by setting the appropriate flow control characters to 0 (zero). Your PK-232 automatically uses CTS flow control to stop input from the computer.
USER'S GUIDE ADVANCED PACKET OPERATION Any text sent to your PK-232 is queued into packets waiting for a successful connection before being sent. If the connect attempt fails, your system returns to Command Mode. The system also automatically returns to Command Mode when either station disconnects and ends the QSO. 5.4.1. Converse Mode Converse Mode is the data transfer mode most often used for ordinary conversations and message handling.
USER'S GUIDE 5.4.1.3. ADVANCED PACKET OPERATION Special Characters in Converse Mode The following commands set special characters which are active in Converse Mode. See the detailed descriptions of the commands in the "Command Summary" chapter. 5.4.1.4.
USER'S GUIDE 5.4.2.1. ADVANCED PACKET OPERATION Input Editing and Packet Timing Transparent Mode does not permit input editing. The send-packet character does not exist. Packets are sent at specific regular intervals, or when a full packet of information (PACLEN = 128 bytes) is ready. Use the PACTIME command to set the time intervals at which the data is packetized. 5.4.2.2. Display Features in Transparent Mode Transparent Mode modifies your PK-232-monitor display characteristics.
USER'S GUIDE 5.5. ADVANCED PACKET OPERATION Commands That Affect Protocol Certain commands affect the operation of the Packet protocol. A full copy of the AX.25 protocol appears in the AEA's Technical Manual for your PK-232. 5.5.1. AX25L2V2 – ON or OFF? Your PK-232 uses the AX.25 Level 2 protocol, the rules by which your PK-232 communicates with other Packet systems. o o Set AX25L2V2 ON to operate in Version 2.0. Set AX25L2V2 OFF to operate in Version 1.0. Digipeating may not work if a Version 2.
USER'S GUIDE ADVANCED PACKET OPERATION Don't be afraid to try other values in these parameters. You won't hurt your PK-232 by changing timing values. On the contrary, you may improve your packet performance. 5.5.4.1. TXDELAY Radios vary greatly in the time delays that occur when switching from receive to transmit and from transmit to receive.
USER'S GUIDE ADVANCED PACKET OPERATION The FRACK command (FRame ACKnowledge time sets the time lapse allowed before the originating station retransmits the packet. The RETRY command sets the maximum number of retransmissions before the originating station abandons further retries and terminates the connection. The maximum number of packet transmissions is RETRY + 1; the initial transmission does not count as a retransmission. Setting RETRY to 0 (zero) specifies an infinite number of retries.
USER'S GUIDE 5.5.4.5. ADVANCED PACKET OPERATION MAXFRAME The AX.25 protocol permits the transmission of several packets without waiting for an acknowledgment. The number of packets that can be sent before acknowledgment is known as the "window". The window concept permits more efficient channel use if large amounts of data are being transferred. The MAXFRAME command sets the maximum number of packets which your PK-232 will send before waiting for acknowledgment.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY CHAPTER 6 – COMMAND SUMMARY 6.1. Introduction Chapter 6 explains and illustrates all the PK-232's commands. You'll use certain commands to affect the PK-232's performance under specific conditions, and other s to specify the values of parameters used during the PK-232's general operation. Your PK-232 is a "command-driven" system, that is, a system that does not use "menus".
USER'S GUIDE 6.1.3. COMMAND SUMMARY Error Messages If your PK-232 can't understand what you've typed, you'll get an error message in English reporting the nature of the error.
USER'S GUIDE 6.2. COMMAND SUMMARY Command List Commands are listed alphabetically in the following command descriptions. Each command entry contains several sections: o o o o 6.2.1. Command name Command abbreviation or mnemonic Default value Parameters Command Names The command name at the beginning of the description is the full word you can type in order to have your PK-232 execute this command.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY Some commands such as MFILTER can use several arguments at the same time. MFILTER accepts from 1 to 4 numerical arguments. You can type MFILTER 12 or MFILTER 12,26. Both are legal commands. 6.3.1. Parameters Three different types of parameters are used: Boolean, numeric and txt or string. 6.3.1.1. Boolean Parameters Boolean parameters use one value out of a choice of only two possible values, such as ON or OFF, YES or NO or EVERY or AFTER.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY Some commands require call signs as parameters. These parameters are usually amateur call signs, but may be any string of numbers and at least one letter up to six characters; character strings are used to identify stations sending and receiving packets. A call sign can also include a sub-station identifier (SSID), decimal numbers from 0 to 15 used to distinguish two or more stations on the air with the same call (such as a base station and a "digipeater").
USER'S GUIDE 6.4. COMMAND SUMMARY Controller Messages This section describes your PK-232's messages and the circumstances under which they can appear. 6.4.1. General Sign-On Message Advanced Electronic Applications, Inc. AEA PK-232 Data Controller Release nn Checksum $xx cmd: The sign-on message appears when you turn on your PK-232 or when you type RESET.
USER'S GUIDE 6.4.2. COMMAND SUMMARY Command Mode Error Messages An error message is displayed if you make a mistake typing a command to the PK-232. ?bad You typed a command correctly, but the remainder of the command line couldn't be interpreted. ?call sign You typed a call sign that does not meet the PK-232's requirements for call signs. A call sign may be any string of numbers and letters. Punctuation and spaces are not allowed.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY ?VIA You typed more than one call sign for the CONNECT or UNPROTO commands without the VIA keyword. ?not while disconnected You tried to set CONPERM while disconnected. ?channel must be 0-9 You typed an invalid channel character after the CHSWITCH character. ?already connected You tried to CONNECT a station to which you're already connected. ?different connectees You tried to CONNECT to more than one station on the same logical channel. 6.4.3.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY Link state is: DISCONNECT in progress You've typed a disconnect request, but the acknowledgment from the other station has not been received. If you type a second DISCONN command, the PK-232 will go immediately to the disconnected state. Link state is: FRMR in progress Your PK-232 is connected to a distant station, but a protocol error has occurred. This should never happen when two AEA AX.25 systems are connected. An improper implementation of the AX.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY FRMR sent: xx xx xx Your Your PK-232 is connected but a protocol error has occurred. Your PK-232 has transmitted a special FRMR packet and is trying to re-synchronize frame numbers with the distant station's Packet system. The string xx xx xx is replaced with the hex codes for the three bytes sent in the information part of the FRMR frame. This message will not appear if your PK-232 is in Transparent Mode.
USER'S GUIDE 6.5.3. COMMAND SUMMARY AMTOR Mode From Command Mode: L R AM AL Forces LETTERS case Stops transmission in progress, forces AMTOR Standby. Stops transmission in progress, forces AMTOR Standby. In ALIST (AMTOR Mode A Listen), forces re-synchronization. Embedded in transmitted text: 6.5.4.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY 8BITCONV ON|OFF Mode: Packet Parameters: Mnemonic: 8B Default: OFF ON - The high-order bit IS NOT stripped in Converse Mode. OFF - The high-order bit IS stripped in Converse Mode. 8BITCONV permits packet transmission of 8-bit data in Converse Mode. If 8BITCONV is OFF, the high-order bit (bit seven) of characters received from the terminal is removed before the characters are transmitted in a packet.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY In general, the higher the baud rate, the greater the probability of data errors caused by interference and noise. Best results in the worst-case conditions will usually be obtained at lower baud rates. NOTE: Modern commercial and amateur radio operations no longer refer to the operating speeds or data rates in "WPM". The term "bauds" is now universally accepted for FSK and AFSK operations using monobit data.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY When ACRPACK is ON, all packets sent in Converse Mode include, as the last character of the packet, the SEND-PACket character which forces the packet to be sent. When ACRPACK is OFF, the send-packet character is interpreted only as a command to your PK232, not as data to be included in the packet; the character is not echoed to the terminal. Set ACRPACK ON and SENDPAC $0D to produce natural conversational mode.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY ADELAY n Mode: AMTOR Parameters: Mnemonic: AD n- Default: 4 (40 msec.) 1 to 9 specifies transmitter key-up delay in 10-millisecond intervals. ADELAY is the length of time in tens of milliseconds between the instant when the PK-232 activates the transmitter's PTT line and when the ARQ data begins to flow to the transmitter. Some delay is necessary with any radio transmitter.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY ALFDISP is set correctly if the PK-232's sign-on message is single spaced. ALFDISP affects your local display. It does not affect the data sent in any mode. Use the ALFPACK command if you want to add line feed characters to outgoing packets. ALFPACK ON|OFF Mode: Packet Parameters: Mnemonic: ALFP Default: OFF ON - A character is added to outgoing packets following each transmitted in the packets. OFF - A is not added to outgoing packets.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY Mnemonic: AL ALIST Mode: AMTOR Immediate Command ALIST is an immediate command that switches your PK-232 into the ARQ Listen mode. You can usually monitor a contact between two linked stations by using the ARQ Listen mode (also called Mode L). This mode may need a few seconds to phase or acquire synchronization with the other stations. Your ability to synchronize with the master station depends on operating conditions such as interference.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY See "SELCAL" for information on the derivation and structure of the selective calling code. You don't have to type the SELCAL a second time if you intend to call the same station again right away. Mnemonic: AS ASCII Mode: Immediate Command ASCII is an immediate command that switches your PK-232 into the ASCII mode.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY AXDELAY n Mode: Packet Parameters: Mnemonic: AXD n- Default: 0 0 to 180 specifies a key-up delay for voice repeater operation in ten-millisecond intervals. AXDELAY specifies the period of time the PK-232 will wait – in addition to the delay set by TXDELAY – after keying the transmitter and before data is sent. Packet groups using a standard "voice" repeater to extend the range of the local area network may need to use this feature.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY BEACON EVERY|AFTER n Mode: Packet Parameters: EVERY AFTER n0- Mnemonic: B Default: EVERY 0 Send the beacon at regular intervals. Send the beacon after the specified time interval without activity. 0 to 250 sets beacon timing in ten-second intervals. Zero turns off the beacon (default). The BEACON command sets the conditions under which your Packet beacon will be transmitted.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY The PK-232 displays a for each character you delete. You can get a display of the corrected input by typing the REDISPLAY-line character set by the command REDISPLA. BTEXT text Mode: Packet Parameters: Mnemonic: BT Default: Empty text - Any combination of characters up to a maximum length of 120 characters. BTEXT is the content of the data portion of a beacon packet. The default text is an empty string (no message).
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY Calibration may be checked at any time without altering the state of the existing link. However, the time-of day clock (DAYTIME) will not advance until you quit the calibration routine. Commands available in the calibration routine are: D K Q H Toggles the audio tone between "mark" (low) and "space" (high) tones. Toggles between transmitting a continuous tone or alternating the mark and space tones at a rate set by the radio baud (HBAUD) rate.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY CANPAC n Mode: Packet Parameters: Mnemonic: CANP n- Default: $19 0 to $7F (0 to 127 decimal) specifies an ASCII character code. CANPAC changes the CANCEL-PACKET input editing command character. The parameter n is the ASCII code for the character you want to type in order to cancel an input packet. You can enter the code in either hex or decimal. When you cancel a packet in Converse Mode, the line is terminated with a character and a new line.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY CCITT ON|OFF Mode: Baudot RTTY Parameters: Mnemonic: CC Default: ON ON - Characters typed on the keyboard or loaded from disk files are translated into CCITT International Telegraph Alphabet #2 before being sent. OFF - Characters sent to the PK-232 are not translated into CCITT ITA #2, but remain in the American standard Baudot format (typically Western Union). Your computer or terminal will probably send a full ASCII character set to the PK-232.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY Type CFROM to display the ALL/NONE/YES list/NO list status of station call sign to be rejected or accepted. You can use the abbreviated command form or mnemonic: cmd:cfrom CFROM all or cmd:cf CFROM yes WX1AAA,WX2BBB,WX3CCC,WX4DDD To reject all call requests, type CFROM NONE. Your PK-232 sends the calling station a DM packet, or "busy signal".
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY CHCALL is OFF – the monitored activity looks like this: :0hi howie hello ted how goes it? :1*** CONNECTED to WA7GXD :1must be a dx record. ge lyle :01UNreal ted! fl-az no digis! :1big band opening...ge CHCALL ON, the same activity looks like the following example. The additional information shown as a result of setting CHCALL ON is underlined :0:K4NTA:hi howie hello ted how goes it? :1:WA7GXD:*** CONNECTED to WA7GXD :1must be a dx record.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY CHECK n Mode: Packet Parameters: Mnemonic: CH n- Default: 30 (300 sec.) 0 to 250 specifies the check time in ten-second intervals. 0 (Zero) disables this feature. CHECK sets a time-out value for a packet connection and depends on the setting of AX25L2V2.
USER'S GUIDE NOTE: COMMAND SUMMARY If your PK-232 is being used as the TNC for a PBBS (Packet Bulletin Board System), change the CHSWITCH character to $00 to avoid possible conflict or problems with the characters frequently found in Packet network maps. See CHDOUBLE and CHCALL for further information on the use of CHSWITCH.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY COMMAND n Mode: All Parameters: Mnemonic: COM n- Default: 03 0 to $7F (0 to 127 decimal) specifies an ASCII character code. COMMAND is used to change the Command Mode entry character. You can enter the code either hex or decimal. Type the COMMAND character to enter Command Mode from the Converse Mode. No response is seen if you type the Command Mode entry character while you are already in Command Mode.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY CONNECT call1 (VIA call2(,call3 .... call9) Mnemonic: C Immediate Command Mode: Packet Parameters: call1 - Call sign of the distant station to which you wish to be connected. call2 - Optional call sign(s) of up to eight digipeaters via which you'll be repeated to call9 reach the distant station. CONNECT sends a connect request to station "call1", directly or via one or more digipeaters. Each call sign can include an optional SSID -n immediately after the call sign.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY CONPERM works only when a connection is established. It functions on a channel-by-channel basis when multiple connections are allowed. CONPERM allows connections on other channels to operate normally.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY CPACTIME ON|OFF Mode: Packet Parameters: Mnemonic: CP Default: OFF ON - Packet transmit timer is used in Converse Mode. OFF - Packet transmit timer is not used in Converse Mode. CPACTIME activates automatic, periodic transmission of packets while in the Converse Mode. CPACTIME may be used for several types of computer communications such as bulletin board or host computer operation when full Transparent Mode features are not desired.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY NOT CONNECTED TO ANY STATION CONNECTED TO ONLY 1 STATIONS cmd:cs Ch. 0 Ch. 1 Ch. 2 Ch. 3 Ch. 4 Ch. 5 Ch. 6 Ch. 7 Ch. 8 Ch. 9 cmd:cs Ch. 0 Ch. 1 Ch. 2 Ch. 3 Ch. 4 Ch. 5 Ch. 6 Ch. 7 Ch. 8 Ch.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY To type multiple-line CTEXT messages and include a carriage return () character in your text, use the PASS character ( is the default value) immediately preceding the carriage return (see the PASS command). A typical CTEXT message might be: "I'm not available right now. Please leave a message, then disconnect." If you enter a text string longer than 120 characters, an error message appears and the command is ignored.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY You can also use the command CWID ON or CWID OFF to activate or deactivate the function. In either case, your PK-232 responds with the previous state: cmd:cwid on CWID was $00 DAYTIME date & time Mode: All Parameters: Mnemonic: DA Default: none date & time - Current DATE and TIME to set. DAYTIME sets the PK-232's internal clock current date and time.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY DAYSTAMP ON|OFF Mode: All Parameters: Mnemonic: DAYS Default: OFF ON - The DATE is included in CONSTAMP and MSTAMP. OFF - Only the TIME is included in CONSTAMP and MSTAMP. DAYSTAMP activates the date in CONSTAMP and MSTAMP. Set DAYSTAMP ON when you want a dated record of packet channel activity, or when you're unavailable for local packet operation.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY You can include optional SSIDs specified as -n after the call sign. If DFROM is set to "no NK6K" or "yes NK6K", any combination NK6K, NK6K-1,...NK6K-15 will be matched and processed. If DFROM is set to "yes NK6K-1" or "no NK6-1", then only NK6K-1 will match and processed. Clear DFROM with %, & or OFF as arguments.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY cmd:disp b 8BITCONV ACRDISP ALFDISP AWLEN ECHO ESCAPE FLOW LCOK NUCR NULF NULLS PARITY TRFLOW TXFLOW XFLOW cmd: OFF 80 OFF 7 ON ON ON ON OFF OFF 0 3 OFF OFF ON Individual system parameter values can be displayed by entering the parameter name without options. cmd:mycall MYCALL DC7XJ DWAIT n Mode: Packet Parameters: cmd:frack FRACK 3 Mnemonic: DW n- cmd:dwait DWAIT 16 Default: 16 0 to 250 specifies wait time in ten-millisecond intervals.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY EAS ON|OFF Mnemonic: EAS Mode: Baudot/ASCII RTTY, AMTOR and Morse Parameters: Default: OFF ON - Display characters as actually sent on the air by the PK-232. OFF - Display characters as sent to the PK-232 by the computer. The ECHO-AS-SENT (EAS) command functions in all modes except Packet. EAS permits you to choose the type of data displayed on your monitor screen or printer.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY ESCAPE ON|OFF Mode: All Parameters: Mnemonic: ES Default: OFF ON - The character ($1B) is output as "$" ($24). OFF - The character is output as ($1B) (default). The ESCAPE command selects the character to be output when an character is to be sent to the terminal. The translation is disabled in Transparent Mode.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY A packet is forced (in Converse Mode) A line is completed (in Command Mode) The packet length (See PACLEN) is exceeded The terminal output buffer fills up Canceling the current command or packet or typing the redisplay-line character also causes output to resume. Type-in flow control is not used in Transparent Mode. Setting FLOW ON prevents inbound or received data from interfering with your keyboard data entry.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY HBAUD n Mode: Packet Parameters: Mnemonic: HB n- Default: 1200 bauds values specifying the rate or signaling speed in bauds from the PK-232 to the radio. Available HDLC packet data rates n include 45, 50, 57, 75, 100, 110, 150, 200, 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800 and 9600 bits per second. Example: HBAUD 300 HBAUD sets the radio ("on-air") baud rate only in the Packet operating mode. HBAUD has no relationship to your computer terminal program's baud rate.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY HELP Mode: Command Mnemonic: H Immediate Command While in Command Mode, type the command H to read the abbreviated on-line HELP file. Your monitor displays the following brief list: cmd:help AMTOR ARQ ALIST FEC AChG XMIT cmd: PACKET CONNECT DISCONNE CONVERSE TRANS RCVE ASCII BAUDOT MOrse DISPLAY CALIBRAT You can exit from your present operating mode and enter Command Mode at any time to list the HELP text. This won't affect AMTOR or Packet operation.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY To cancel HOST mode, send a Break or type O H O N. See AEA's PK-232 Technical Manual for full information on Host Mode. Mnemonic: I ID Mode: Packet Immediate Command ID is an immediate command that sends a special identification packet. The ID command allows you to send a final identification packet when you're taking your station off the air. Note that HID must be set ON.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY LOCK Mode: Morse/Baudot/AMTOR Mnemonic: L Immediate Command LOCK is an immediate command that instructs the PK-232 to measure the speed of received Morse code signals and lock its timing to the speed of the incoming signals. LOCK also forces LETTERS shift in Baudot and AMTOR modes. The LOCK command may improve the PK-232's ability to decode CW signals in the presence of high noise levels.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY cmd:MBX W1AW-4 or cmd:MBX W2JUP-4,W2HPM-4 Use the MBX feature to: Read or record transmissions from any Packet station, without any extraneous material; Read or record transmissions from a PBBS (Packet Bulletin Board System) while another station is downloading files or messages; Read or record dialog between two connected Packet stations or two PBBSs during mail forwarding operations.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY 3 Connect request (SABM or "C") frames and disconnect (DISC or "D") frames are also displayed with the headers. 4 Unnumbered acknowledgment (UA) of connect- and disconnect-state frames are also displayed with either the characters "UA" or "DM" and a header. 5 Receive Ready (RR), Receive Not Ready (RNR), Reject (RJ), Frame Reject (FRMR) and (I)-Frames are also displayed. 6 Poll/Final bit, PID and sequence numbers are also displayed.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY MFROM uses arguments to determine how your PK-232 monitors the Packet channels and display information – which stations' packet will be displayed and which stations' packet will be masked or hidden. MFROM is set to all when you start your PK-232 for the first time. Type MFROM to display the ALL/NONE/Yes list/NO list status of station call sign whose packets will or will not be displayed.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY DAYSTAMP ON DAYSTAMP OFF cmd:mh 05-Jul-86 05-Jul-86 05-Jul-86 05-Jul-86 05-Jul-86 05-Jul-86 05-Jul-86 05-Jul-86 05-Jul-86 05-Jul-86 05-Jul-86 05-Jul-86 05-Jul-86 05-Jul-86 05-Jul-86 05-Jul-86 05-Jul-86 cmd: MONITOR n Mode: Packet Parameters: 21:42:27 21:42:24 21:32:18 21:27:57 21:26:41 21:26:38 21:21:24 21:21:23 20:56:40 14:45:57 14:45:53 14:45:47 14:28:16 14:23:32 14:23:19 13:55:26 13:50:28 WA1FJW WA1IXU* K2AAA-5 W2HPM-4* K2AAA-4 W2JUP-9 KA1EOU* W2JUP-4* KB1H WA2SNA-1 KY
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY MORSE Mode: Command Mnemonic: MO Immediate Command MORSE is an immediate command that switches your PK-232 into the Morse mode. Unless you change MSPEED, your PK-232 uses the default Morse transmit speed value of 20 WPM. When receiving clear text only, use the LOCK command to lock the PK-232's Morse receiving speed to the incoming signals. MRPT ON|OFF Mode: Packet Parameters: Mnemonic: MR Default: ON ON - Show digipeater in the header.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY The MSTAMP command activates or disables time stamping of monitored packets. When your PK232's internal software clock is set, date and time information is available for automatic logging of packet activity and other applications.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY You can include optional SSIDs specified as "-n" after the call sign. If MTO is set to "NO N6IA," or "YES N6IA" any combination N6IA, N6IA-1,...N6IA-15 will be matched and processed. If MTO is set to "YE N6IA-1" or "NO N6IA-1", then only N6IA-1 will match and be processed. When MFROM and MTO contain different types of arguments, to avoid any possible conflict, the arguments take the following priority: 1. ALL, 2. NO list, 3. YES list, 4.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY MYCALL call [-n] Mode: Packet Parameters: call n- Mnemonic: MY Default: PK232 Your call sign 0 - 15, indicating an optional substation ID, (SSID) Use the MYCALL command to load your call sign into your PK-232's RAM. Your call sign is inserted automatically in the FROM address field for all packets originated by your PK-232. MYCALL is also used for identification packets (see HID and ID).
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY Some of the call signs groupings now in use: GROUP 1 by2 1 by3 2 by1 2 by2 2 by3 CALL W1XY W1XYZ AB1X AB1XY KA1XYZ SELCALL WWXY WXYZ AABX ABXY KXYZ For "1 by 2" call signs, the first letter is doubled, e.g., W1AW becomes WWAW. For most cases this is acceptable.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY NOMODE ON|OFF Mode: Packet Parameters: Mnemonic: NO Default: OFF ON - The PK-232 switches modes (Command, Converse, Transparent) only upon explicit command. NEWMODE function is ignored. OFF - The PK-232 changes modes according to NEWMODE. When NOMODE is ON your PK-232 never switches from Converse or Transparent Mode to Command Mode (or vice versa) by itself. Only specific commands (CONVERSE, TRANS, or ) typed by you change the operating mode.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY NULLS n Mode: All Parameters: Mnemonic: NULL n- Default: 0 (zero) 0 to 30 specifies the number of characters to be sent to your computer or terminal after or when NUCR or NULF are set ON. NULLS specifies the number of characters (ASCII $00) to be sent to the terminal after a or is sent. NUCR and/or NULF must be set to indicate whether nulls are to be sent after , or both.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY PACLEN n Mode: Packet Parameters: Mnemonic: PACL n0- Default: 128 0 to 255 specifies the maximum length of the data portion of a packet. Zero is equivalent to 256. PACLEN sets the maximum number of data bytes to be carried in each packet's "information field". "User data" means the characters you actually type at your keyboard (or send from a stored file). Your PK-232 automatically sends a packet when the number of characters you type for a packet equals n.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY PARITY n Mode: All Parameters: Mnemonic: PAR n- Default: 3 (even) 0 to 3 selects a parity option from the table below. PARITY sets the PK-232's data parity for terminal or computer data transfer according to the table below: 0 = no parity 1 = odd parity 2 = no parity 3 = even parity The parity bit, if present, is stripped automatically on input and is not checked in Command and Converse Modes.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY PASSALL ON|OFF Mode: Packet Parameters: Mnemonic: PASSA Default: OFF ON - Your PK-232 will accept packets with invalid CRCS. OFF - Your PK-232 will only accept packets with valid CRCs. PASSALL permits the PK-232 to display packets received with invalid CRC fields; the error-detecting mechanism is turned off. Packets are accepted for display despite CRC errors if they consist of an even multiple of eight bits and are up to 330 bytes.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY RCVE Mode: Command Mnemonic: R Immediate Command RCVE is an immediate command, used in Command Mode, to switch your PK-232 from transmit to receive when operating Baudot and ASCII RTTY. You must return to the Command Mode to use the RCVE command. Type to enter the Command Mode. RECEIVE n Mnemonic: REC Mode: Baudot/ASCII/Morse/AMTOR Parameters: n- Default: $04 0 to $7F (0 to 127 decimal) specifies an ASCII character code.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY Mnemonic: RESET RESET Mode: Command Immediate Command RESET is an immediate command that resets all parameters to default settings and reinitializes the PK-232. WARNING: All parameters customizing and monitor lists are lost. To reinitialize the PK-232 using the parameter values in bbRAM, turn the PK-232 OFF then ON, or use the RESTART command. RESPTIME n Mode: Packet Parameters: Mnemonic: RES n- Default: 10 0 to 250 specifies 100-millisecond intervals.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY The PK-232 enters the disconnected state if the number of retries is exceeded. If you are not in Transparent Mode, the following message is displayed: *** Retry count exceeded *** DISCONNECTED: {call sign} RXREV ON|OFF Mnemonic: RXR Mode: Baudot and ASCII RTTY/AMTOR Parameters: Default: OFF ON - Received data polarity is reversed (mark-space reversal). OFF - Received data polarity is normal.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY Use default SENDPAC value $0D for ordinary conversation with CR ON to send packets at natural intervals with included in the packet. When setting CPACTIME ON, set SENDPAC to some value not ordinarily used (say, ), with CR OFF. This setting forces packets to be sent without extra characters being sent in the text. SQUELCH ON|OFF Mode: Packet Parameters: Mnemonic: SQ Default: OFF ON - Your PK-232 responds to positive-going squelch voltage.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY If the same character is used for both the User Start and User Stop character, the PK-232 alternately starts and stops transmission on receipt of the character ("toggels"). STOP n Mode: All Parameters: Mnemonic: STO n- Default: $13 0 to $7F (0 to 127 decimal) specifies an ASCII character code. Use the STOP command to select the user STOP character you want to use to stop output from the PK-232 to the terminal.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY TIME n Mode: All Parameters: Mnemonic: TI n- Default: $14 0 to $7F (0 to 127 decimal) specifies an ASCII character code. The TIME command specifies a control character in the text you type into the transmit buffer or into a text file stored on disk. Type to embed the TIME command in your message text or file.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY Mnemonic: T TRANS Mode: Packet Imediate command TRANS is an immediate command that switches the PK-232 switch from the Command Mode to Transparent Mode. The current state of the radio link is not affected. Transparent Mode is primarily useful for computer communications. In Transparent Mode "human interface" features such as input editing, echoing of input characters, and type-in flow control are disabled.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY Using TRIES under these conditions automatically optimizes the PACLEN and MAXFRAME parameters. If you type TRIES with an argument the "tries" counter is forced to the entered value. Using this command to force a new count of tries is not recommended. TXDELAY n Mode: Packet Parameters: Mnemonic: TXD n- Default: 30 (300 msec.) 0 to 120 specifies ten-millisecond intervals.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY If the PK-232 Start and Stop characters are set to $00, hardware flow control is always selected, regardless of the setting of TXFLOW. TXREV ON|OFF Mode Baudot/ASCII/AMTOR Parameters: Mnemonic: TXR Default: OFF ON - Transmit data polarity is reversed (mark-space reversal). OFF - Transmit data polarity is normal.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY USERS n MODE: Packet Parameters: Mnemonic: US n- Default: 1 0 to 10 specifies the number of active simultaneous connections that can be established with your PK-232. USERS only affects the way that incoming connect requests are handled It does not affect the number of connections you initiate with your PK-232.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY WIDESHFT ON|OFF Mode: Baudot/ASCII RTTY Parameters: Mnemonic: WI Default: OFF ON - RTTY tones are shifted 1000 Hz. OFF - RTTY tones are shifted 200 Hz (emulates 170-Hz shift). The WIDESHFT command permits you to use the PK-232 on VHF or HF with either wide (1000 Hz) or narrow (200 Hz) shifts. Nearly all amateur radio VHF and HF Baudot and ASCII RTTY operators use 170-shift.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY In AMTOR ARQ operation, your answerback will automatically send the +? changeover command to the distant station and maintain the link. These related features can be used in message handling in either direction, to confirm that you are sending to the proper station and the distant station is probably receiving your traffic successfully. XFLOW ON|OFF Mode: All Parameters: Mnemonic: XF Default: ON ON - XON/XOFF (software) flow control is activated.
USER'S GUIDE COMMAND SUMMARY XOFF n Mode: All Parameters: Mnemonic: XO n- Default: $13 0 to $7F (0 to 127 decimal) specifies an ASCII character code Use XOFF to select the Stop character to be used to stop input from the computer or terminal. You can enter the code in either hex or decimal. The Stop character default value is for computer data transfers.
USER'S GUIDE PK-232 COMMAND LIST APPENDIX A – PK-232 COMMAND LIST COMMAND MNEMONIC DEFAULT 8BITCONV AAB ABAUD ACHG ACRDISP ACRPACK ACRRTTY ADELAY ALFDISP ALFPACK ALFRTTY ALIST AMTOR ARQ ARQTMO ASCII AWLEN AX25L2V2 AXDELAY AXHANG BAUDOT BEACON BKONDEL BTEXT CALIBRAT CANLINE CANPAC CASEDISP CBELL CCITT CFROM CHCALL CHDOUBLE CHECK CHSWITCH CMDTIME CMSG COMMAND CONMODE CONNECT CONOK CONPERM CONSTAMP CONVERSE CPACTIME CRADD CSTATUS CTEXT CWID DAYSTAMP 8B AA AB AC ACRD ACRP ACRR AD ALFD ALFP ALFR AL AM AR A
USER'S GUIDE PK-232 COMMAND LIST COMMAND MNEMONIC DEFAULT DAYTIME DCDCONN DELETE DFROM DIGIPEAT DISCONNE DISPLAY DWAIT EAS ECHO ESCAPE FEC FLOW FRACK FULLDUP HBAUD HEADERLN HELP HID HOST HPOLL ID ILFPACK IO K KISS LOCK MARSDISP MAXFRAME MBELL MBX MCON MDIGI MFILTER MFROM MHEARD MONITOR MORSE MPROTO MRPT MSPEED MSTAMP MTO MYALIAS MYALTCAL MYCALL MYSELCAL NEWMODE NOMODE NUCR NULF NULLS DA DC DEL DF DIG D DISP DW EAS E ES FE F FR FU HB HEA H HI HOST HP I IL IO K KI L MAR MAX MBE MB MC MD MFI MF MH M MO M
USER'S GUIDE PK-232 COMMAND LIST COMMAND MNEMONIC DEFAULT OPMODE PACKET PACLEN PACTIME PARITY PASS PASSALL PERSIST PPERSIST RAWHDLC RBAUD RCVE RECEIVE REDISPLA RELINK RESET RESPTIME RESTART RETRY RFEC RXREV SELFEC SENDPAC SLOTTIME SQUELCH SRXALL START STOP TBAUD TCLEAR TIME TRACE TRANS TRFLOW TRIES TXDELAY TXFLOW TXREV UNPROTO USERS USOS VHP WIDESHFT WORDOUT WRU XFLOW XMIT XMITOK XOFF XON O PA PACL PACT PAR PAS PASSA PE PP RAW RB R REC RED REL RESET RES RESTART RE RF RXR SEL SE SL SQ SRX STA STO TB TC
USER'S GUIDE INTERNATIONAL HF AMTOR CALLING FREQUENCIES APPENDIX C – INTERNATIONAL HF AMTOR CALLING FREQUENCIES Since the earliest days of AMTOR (around 1977), AMTOR operators around the world have agreed on the use of certain informal, internationally recognized calling channels. This is similar to the conventional operating methods of the commercial stations using SITOR the ancestor of AMTOR.
USER'S GUIDE AMTOR OPERATING SUGGESTIONS FROM G3PLX APPENDIX D – AMTOR OPERATING SUGGESTIONS FROM G3PLX Introduction The following text is reproduced verbatim from a letter from Peter Martinez, G3PLX, dated 9/24/84, on the subject of good AMTOR operating practices. This paper is reproduced here by express permission of the author and is offered as a guide to AMTOR operation from the one man most responsible for bringing AMTOR into the amateur radio fraternity.
USER'S GUIDE 2.5. AMTOR OPERATING SUGGESTIONS FROM G3PLX Finally, make an ARQ call to the distant station and attempt an ARQ contact with your station as master rather than, as in 2.4, as a slave. If no contact results, yet the distant station indicates that he was replying to the call, then the problem is that the radio is too slow to change from transmit to receive. Remedial work may be required to correct this. No adjustment to the 'delay' preset in the AMTOR unit, if fitted, will cure this problem.
USER'S GUIDE 3.2.2. AMTOR OPERATING SUGGESTIONS FROM G3PLX If tail-ending on a previous contact, and the intention is to call one station on ARQ and his SELCAL code is not known, then there are two ways to proceed. 3.2.2.1. There is a convention in operation amongst AMTOR operators in respect of the way to choose the station SELCAL code from the station call sign.
USER'S GUIDE 3.4. AMTOR OPERATING SUGGESTIONS FROM G3PLX Operating techniques on ARQ 3.4.1. Transmitter and receiver tuning An ARQ contact always starts with the master station making the initial call, and the slave replying. Thus the frequency will have been chosen by the master station, and the slave station will have 'netted' onto that. It often happens that an offset at either station will then result in the signal from the slave received at the master being a bit off tune.
USER'S GUIDE AMTOR OPERATING SUGGESTIONS FROM G3PLX er QSO, or both. It can only be the master station that leads in a 'hot' QSY. If the slave station were to attempt to lead a QSY, then, in the event that it was not successfully completed before the contact timed-out into a re-phase operation, the slave would no longer be transmitting, and there would be no way for the slave to establish a new frequency without restarting as a master and thus lose some traffic. 3.4.3.
USER'S GUIDE AMTOR OPERATING SUGGESTIONS FROM G3PLX where it is essential to do so. The reason is that there are inherent reasons why recovery from such an interruption can result in garbled copy at one end of the contact, in particular in 'figs' garble.
USER'S GUIDE AMTOR THEORY APPENDIX E – AMTOR THEORY 1.1. Definition and Standards References AMTOR (Amateur Teleprinting Over Radio) is a microprocessor-controlled, error-correcting data communications system. AMTOR is derived directly from the commercial practice known as SITOR (Simplex Telex Over Radio), as described in Recommendations 476-2 and 476-3 of the CCIR (International Consultative Committee on Radio, an agency of the International Telecommunications Union, and in turn, of the United Nations.
USER'S GUIDE AMTOR THEORY A third control code is used to command the direction of sending to be reversed, allowing the receiving station to reply. If there is no data waiting to be sent, Station A fills the threecharacter blocks with Idle characters. Station A can send special blocks to indicate the following: o o o o The SELCAL of the station being called. A QRT request to put Station B back into the standby mode. Acknowledgement of Station B's request to transmit.
USER'S GUIDE AMTOR THEORY If both appearances of the same character are mutilated and fail the polarity-ratio test, no data are printed or displayed. Because the second appearance of the character occurs 280 milliseconds after the first appearance, the mathematical probabilities are that noise bursts will not destroy both appearances of the character. At the beginning of an FEC transmission, the message is preceded by ten Idle characters.
USER'S GUIDE ASYNCHRONOUS VERSUS SYNCHRONOUS TRANSMISSION APPENDIX F – ASYNCHRONOUS VERSUS SYNCHRONOUS TRANSMISSION Since the beginning of electromechanical telegraphy and teleprinting, the problem of maintaining the proper timing relationship between the sender and the receiver has been resolved by mechanical synchronization methods. These were based on the basic ideas of 'start-stop' telegraphy.
USER'S GUIDE DATA TRANSMISSION CODES APPENDIX G – DATA TRANSMISSION CODES MYTHS AND MISUNDERSTANDINGS 1. 'RTTY' Means 'Baudot' – Not True! 'RTTY' does not mean 'Baudot'. 'RTTY' is a simple abbreviation for 'RadioTeleTypewriter.' Baudot, ASCII, AMTOR and packet radio are not exactly different modes. They are different languages and methods within the same mode – RTTY. Think of them this way: MODE: CODES: 2.
USER'S GUIDE DATA TRANSMISSION CODES Some newcomers to digital radio are unsure which digital code is best to use on a given band under given conditions. This brief tutorial outlines some differences between Baudot and ASCII and explains some of the advantages and disadvantages of both codes. BAUDOT CODE History The Baudot/Murray code dates from about 1874, when Emile Baudot, a Lieutenant in the French Telegraph Service, developed the Baudot distributor for telegraphy.
USER'S GUIDE DATA TRANSMISSION CODES Applications Baudot/Murray code is still the most widely used RTTY code in amateur radio, and this will probably continue for some years to come. Even with its limitations, Baudot still has some advantages for the amateur operator. ASCII – AMERICAN STANDARD CODE FOR INFORMATION INTERCHANGE ASCII is an extension of the eight-bit code developed decades ago and used for years in the Bell System TWX network.
USER'S GUIDE DATA TRANSMISSION CODES voke repeats, the sequential nature of the code made its efficiency rate less than desirable. EBCDIC Extended Binary-Coded Decimal Interchange Code was developed in 1962. It uses 8 bits which makes it capable of transmitting 256 characters. But for communications EBCDIC might be deemed a backward step because it has no parity capability.
USER'S GUIDE PK232UG Rev.
USER'S GUIDE PK232UG Rev.
USER'S GUIDE PARTS PICTORIAL APPENDIX I – PARTS PICTORIAL PK232UG Rev.
USER'S GUIDE PARTS LIST APPENDIX J – PARTS LIST PK-232 PCB DESCRIPTION CAP CAP CAP CAP CAP CAP CAP CAP CAP CAP CAP CAP REF. DESIG.
USER'S GUIDE DESCRIPTION PARTS LIST REF. DESIG. LED RED MV5025 LED 10 SEG BARGRAPH DS1-DS20, DS22 DS21 XISTOR XISTOR XISTOR XISTOR XISTOR XISTOR Q6, Q7, Q10, Q11 Q8 Q3 Q5 Q1, Q2 Q4, Q9 NPN 2N39114 NPN MPSA42 NPN MPS6521 NPN MPS6561 PFET VN10LM PNP 2N3906 IC IC IC IC LM317L LM317T NE556N MC34074P IC IC IC IC IC IC IC IC IC IC IC IC IC IC IC IC IC XR2206 LM3914 74LS04 7406 74LS11 74LS32 7445 74HCT139 74LS164 74LS393 27128 27256 6264 Z80A CPU Z8530 Z8536 40668 IC MC1488 IC MC1489 PK232UG Rev.
USER'S GUIDE SPECIFIC RADIO CONNECTIONS APPENDIX K – SPECIFIC RADIO CONNECTIONS MFG ICOM RADIO PIN OUT 4 pin AFSK 1 PTT 2 GND 4 8 pin AFSK 1 PTT 5 GND 6, 7 NOTES RX audio available on pin 8 of some radios. HTs YAESU RX audio available on tip of large conn. 4 pin AFSK 2 PTT 3 GND 1 8 pin AFSK 8 PTT 6 GND 7 FT-270/2700 require mic DC block cap & series diode w/PTT RX audio available on tip of large conn.
USER'S GUIDE TEN-TEC AZDEN DRAKE SPECIFIC RADIO CONNECTIONS 4 pin AFSK 1 PTT 3 GND 2 1/4" stereo AFSK ring PTT tip GND sleeve 12 pin AFSK 12 PTT 9 GND 2, 11 8 pin AFSK 1 PTT 7 GND 2 4 pin AFSK 1 PTT 2 GND 3 1/4" stereo AFSK ring PTT tip GND sleeve This information has been obtained from various sources and AEA assumes no responsibility for accuracy. Please consult your particular transceiver operator's manual for confirmation. PK232UG Rev.
