Specifications

With two internal signal sources, the PNA-X provides fast measurements
of both fixed and swept IF responses.
Time-domain gating can remove ripple by removing unwanted,
time-delayed responses due to spurious signals.
DUT
Both SMC and VMC can be used to
measure converters with embedded
LOs, without need for access to
internal time bases.
Swept LO
Fixed IF
Fixed LO
Swept IF
Tips from the experts
• Narrowing the IF bandwidth helps eliminate
spikes on the measurement trace that result
from LO feed through and other spurious signals
from the DUT
• To prevent source-unleveled errors when
measuring devices with high-level spurious
outputs (such as unfiltered mixers), it is often
helpful to increase the amount of source
attenuation to provide better isolation between
the DUT and the PNA-X
• When making VMC measurements on multi-
stage converters, it is best to create a single
“meta-LO” signal that can be used to drive the
reference and calibration mixers
• When measuring unfiltered mixers, time-domain
gating can be a useful tool to reduce ripple by
removing undesired, time-delayed responses
due to spurious signals
SMC’s match correction greatly reduces mismatch errors in
conversion loss/gain measurements, eliminating the need for
attenuators at the ends of the test cables.
VMC’s match correction greatly reduces mismatch errors in
group delay measurements, eliminating the need for attenuators
at the ends of the test cables.
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