Reference Guide Agilent Technologies 8753ES Option 011 Network Analyzer Part Number 08753-90480 Printed in USA July 2000 Supersedes May 2000 © Copyright 1999, 2000 Agilent Technologies
Notice The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. Agilent Technologies makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Agilent Technologies shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material.
Certification Agilent Technologies certifies that this product met its published specifications at the time of shipment from the factory. Agilent Technologies further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology, to the extent allowed by the Institute's calibration facility, and to the calibration facilities of other International Standards Organization members.
How to Use This Guide This guide uses the following conventions: Front-Panel Key This represents a key physically located on the instrument. SOFTKEY This represents a “softkey,” a key whose label is determined by the instrument’s firmware. Screen Text This represents text displayed on the instrument’s screen.
Documentation Map The Installation and Quick Start Guide provides procedures for installing, configuring, and verifying the operation of the analyzer. It also will help you familiarize yourself with the basic operation of the analyzer. The User’s Guide shows how to make measurements, explains commonly-used features, and tells you how to get the most performance from your analyzer. The Reference Guide provides reference information, such as specifications, menu maps, and key definitions.
Contents 1.8753ES Option 011 Specifications and Characteristics Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 Corrected System Performance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3 Instrument Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4 Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Power Meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9 Power Sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9 Keyboard Template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10 7.Preset State and Memory Allocation Preset State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 8753ES Option 011 Specifications and Characteristics 1-1
8753ES Option 011 Specifications and Characteristics Definitions Definitions All specifications and characteristics apply over a 25 °C ±5 °C range (unless otherwise stated) and 1/2 hour after the instrument has been turned on. Specification (spec.): Warranted performance. Specifications include guardbands to account for the expected statistical performance distribution, measurement uncertainties, and changes in performance due to environmental conditions. Characteristic (char.
8753ES Option 011 Specifications and Characteristics Corrected System Performance Corrected System Performance The specifications in this section apply for measurements made using 10 Hz IF bandwidth, no averaging, and at an environmental temperature of 25 ±5 °C, with less than 1 °C deviation from the calibration temperature. Assumes that an isolation calibration was performed with an averaging factor of 16.
8753ES Option 011 Specifications and Characteristics Instrument Specifications Instrument Specifications Source Table 1-2 Source 8753ES Option 011 Source Description Specification Supplemental Information Option 011 300 kHz to 3.0 GHz 300 kHz to 3 GHz, typ. Option 011 with Option 006 30 kHz to 6.0 GHz 10 kHz to 6 GHz, typ. Frequency Range Resolution 1 Hz Stability Option 011 ±7.5 ppm, 0˚ to 55 ˚C, typ. Option 011 with Option 1D5 ±0.05 ppm, 0˚ to 55 ˚C, typ. ±0.
8753ES Option 011 Specifications and Characteristics Instrument Specifications Table 1-3 Source 8753ES Option 011 Source Description Specification Supplemental Information Output Power (above 300 kHz) Power Resolution 0.01 dB Linearitya −5 to +15 dBm ±0.25 dB relative to +10 dBm output level +15 to +20 dBm ±0.5 dB relative to +10 dBm output level −5 to +13 dBm ±0.25 dB relative to +10 dBm output level +13 to +18 dBm ±0.
8753ES Option 011 Specifications and Characteristics Instrument Specifications Receiver Table 1-4 Receiver 8753ES Option 011 Receiver Description Specification Supplemental Information Option 011 300 kHz to 3.0 GHz 300 kHz to 3 GHz, typ. Option 011 and 006 30 kHz to 6.0 GHz 10 kHz to 6 GHz, typ. 300 kHz to 3 GHz ±1 dB at −10 dBm 3 GHz to 6 GHz ±2 dB at −10 dBm Frequency Range Frequency Response Frequency Response (Ratio) Amplitude 300 kHz to 3 GHz ±0.5 dB, typ. 3 GHz to 6 GHz ±2.
8753ES Option 011 Specifications and Characteristics Instrument Specifications Table 1-4 Receiver (Continued) 8753ES Option 011 Receiver Description Specification Supplemental Information Noise Floorb Option 011 300 kHz to 3 GHz 3 kHz IF Bandwidth ≤−90 dBm 10 Hz IF Bandwidth ≤−110 dBm ≤−120 dBm, typ. 3 GHz to 6 GHz 3 kHz IF Bandwidth ≤−85 dBm 10 Hz IF Bandwidth ≤−105 dBm ≤−115 dBm, typ. a. IF bandwidth ≤ 300 Hz for A/B measurements. Sweep time 3 seconds. b.
8753ES Option 011 Specifications and Characteristics Instrument Specifications Table 1-5 Receiver 8753ES Option 011 Receiver Description Specification Supplemental Information Internally Generated Harmonics (Option 002 Only) 2nd Harmonic at +0 dBm input level 16 MHz to 3 GHz < −15 dBc at −10 dBm input level < −30 dBc, typ. at −30 dBm input level < −45 dBc, typ. 3rd Harmonic at +0 dBm input level 16 MHz to 2 GHz < −30 dBc at −10 dBm input level < −50 dBc, typ.
8753ES Option 011 Specifications and Characteristics Instrument Specifications Table 1-6 Receiver 8753ES Option 011 Receiver Description Specification Supplemental Information Frequency Offset Operationa Frequency Range Option 011 300 kHz to 3 GHz Option 011 and Option 006 300 kHz to 6 GHz R Channel Input Requirements 300 kHz to 3 GHz 0 to −35 dBm 3 GHz to 6 GHz 0 to −30 dBm LO Spectral Purity and Accuracy Maximum Spurious Input < −25 dBc, typ. Residual FM < 20 kHz, typ.
8753ES Option 011 Specifications and Characteristics Instrument Specifications Table 1-7 Receiver 8753ES Option 011 Receiver Description Specification System Bandwidths 3000 Hz 10 Hz 300 kHz to 3 GHz < 0.006 dB rms < 0.001 dB rms 3 GHz to 6 GHz < 0.010 dB rms < 0.002 dB rms 300 kHz to 3 GHz < 0.038° rms < 0.006° rms 3 GHz to 6 GHz < 0.070° rms < 0.012° rms Trace Noisea Magnitude Phase a.
8753ES Option 011 Specifications and Characteristics Instrument Specifications Table 1-9 Receiver 8753ES Option 011 Receiver (A and B Channel) Dynamic Accuracy (Specification) For inputs A and B, accuracy of the test port input power reading relative to the reference input power level. • Inputs: test port A and B • For test port powers > −50 dBm and < 0 dBm, magnitude dynamic accuracy is 0.02 dB + 0.001 dB/dB from the reference power, phase dynamic accuracy is 0.132 deg + 0.
8753ES Option 011 Specifications and Characteristics Instrument Specifications Table 1-10 Test Port Input 8753ES Option 011 R-Channel Input Dynamic Accuracy (Typical) Accuracy of the R-channel power reading relative to the R-channel reference power level. These curves apply when the calibrated power level and the measurement power level are not the same. • Inputs: R-channel • For Option 075 and 014, for test port powers up to the maximum source power.
8753ES Option 011 Specifications and Characteristics Instrument Specifications General Information Table 1-11 General Information 8753ES Option 011 General Information Description Specification Supplemental Information Display Range Magnitude ±200 dB (at 20 dB/div), max Phase ±180°, max Polar 10 pico units, min 1000 units, max Display Resolution Magnitude 0.001 dB/div, min Phase 0.
8753ES Option 011 Specifications and Characteristics Instrument Specifications Table 1-12 General Information 8753ES Option 011 General Information Description Supplemental Information System Bandwidths IF bandwidth settings 6000 Hz, nom. 3700 Hz, nom. 3000 Hz, nom. 1000 Hz nom. 300 Hz, nom. 100 Hz, nom. 30 Hz, nom. 10 Hz, nom. Rear Panel External Auxiliary Input Connector Female BNC Range ±10 V, typ. External Trigger Triggers on a positive or negative TTL transition or contact closure to ground.
8753ES Option 011 Specifications and Characteristics Instrument Specifications Table 1-13 General Information 8753ES Option 011 General Information Description Specification Supplemental Information Rear Panel External Reference In Input Frequency 1, 2, 5, and 10 MHz ±200 Hz at 10 MHz Input Power −10 dBm to +20 dBm, typ. Input Impedance 50 Ω, nom. VGA Video Output 15-pin mini D-Sub; female. Drives VGA compatible monitors.
8753ES Option 011 Specifications and Characteristics Instrument Specifications Table 1-14 General Information 8753ES Option 011 General Information Description Specification Front Panel Display Pixel Integrity Red, Green, or Blue Pixels Red, green, or blue "stuck on" pixels may appear against a black background.
8753ES Option 011 Specifications and Characteristics Instrument Specifications Table 1-15 General Information 8753ES Option 011 General Information Description Specification Supplemental Information General Environmental RFI/EMI Susceptibility Defined by CISPR Pub. 11 and FCC Class B standards. ESD Minimize using static-safe work procedures and an antistatic bench mat (part number 9300-0797). Dust Minimize for optimum reliability.
8753ES Option 011 Specifications and Characteristics Instrument Specifications Speed Parameters Table 1-16 8753ES Option 011 Measurement and Data Transfer Speed Performance Typical Time for Completion (ms) Description Number of Points 51 201 401 1601 Typical Time for Completion (in ms), Center1 GHz, Span 10 MHz, IFBW=6000 Uncorrected 32 70 121 423 1-port and Enhanced Response cala 35 71 127 440 2-port calb 62 139 240 848 Typical Time for Completion (in ms), Start 30 kHz, Stop 3 GHz, IFB
8753ES Option 011 Specifications and Characteristics Instrument Specifications Table 1-17 8753ES Option 011 Recall and Sweep Speed Performance Total Time, typical (secs) Operations Channel Points Recall-Only Time, typical (secs) Raw Offset Blank Off Blank On Blank Off Blank On Error Correction ON Recall and Sweep Single Chan. 201 On 0.389 0.260 0.250 0.126 Recall and Sweep Single Chan. 201 Off 0.340 0.210 0.201 0.077 Sweep only (no Recall) Single Chan. 201 N/A 0.139 0.
8753ES Option 011 Specifications and Characteristics Instrument Specifications Table 1-18 Sweep Time vs. IF Bandwidth IF Bandwidth Typical Sweep Time (seconds) a 6000 0.070 3700 0.095 3000 0.121 1000 0.248 300 0.704 100 2.022 30 6.987 10 21.365 a. Preset condition, CF = 1 GHz, Span = 100 MHz; includes retrace time, 201 points. Table 1-19 Sweep Time vs. Number of Points Number of Points Typical Sweep Time (seconds) a 51 0.039 101 0.057 201 0.095 401 0.171 801 0.323 1601 0.
8753ES Option 011 Specifications and Characteristics Instrument Specifications Power Meter Calibration Accuracy Table 1-20 Power Meter Calibration Sweep Speed and Accuracy Power Desired at Test Port +5 dBm −15 dBm −30 dBm Number of Readings Sweep Time Setting (seconds) a Characteristic Accuracy (dB) b 1 33 ±0.7 2 64 ±0.2 3 95 ±0.1 1 48 ±0.7 2 92 ±0.2 3 123 ±0.1 1 194 ±0.7 2 360 ±0.2 3 447 ±0.1 a.
2 Front/Rear Panel 2-1
Front/Rear Panel Front Panel Features Front Panel Features CAUTION Do not mistake the line switch for the disk eject button. See the following illustration. If the line switch is mistakenly pushed, the instrument will be turned off, losing all settings and data that have not been saved. Figure 2-1 8753ES Option 011 Front Panel The location of the following front panel features and key function blocks is shown in Figure 2-1.
Front/Rear Panel Front Panel Features 6. STIMULUS function block. The keys in this block allow you to control the analyzer source's frequency, power, and other stimulus functions. 7. RESPONSE function block. The keys in this block allow you to control the measurement and display functions of the active display channel. 8. ACTIVE CHANNEL keys. The analyzer has two independent primary channels and two auxiliary channels. These keys allow you to select the active channel.
Front/Rear Panel Analyzer Display Analyzer Display Figure 2-2 Analyzer Display (Single Channel, Cartesian Format) The analyzer display shows various measurement information: • The grid where the analyzer plots the measurement data. • The currently selected measurement parameters. • The measurement data traces. Figure 2-2 illustrates the locations of the different information labels described below.
Front/Rear Panel Analyzer Display 2. Stimulus Stop Value. This value could be any one of the following: • The stop frequency of the source in frequency domain measurements. • The stop time in time domain measurements or CW sweeps. • The upper limit of a power sweep. When the stimulus is in center/span mode, the span is shown in this space. The stimulus values can be blanked, as described under the FREQUENCY BLANK softkey in Chapter 4 , “Hardkey/Softkey Reference.
Front/Rear Panel Analyzer Display 2-6 ext Waiting for an external trigger. Ofs Frequency offset mode is on. (See the “Making Mixer Measurements” chapter in the user’s guide.) Of? Frequency offset mode error, the IF frequency is not within 10 MHz of expected frequency. LO inaccuracy is the most likely cause. (See the “Making Mixer Measurements” chapter in the user’s guide.) Gat Gating is on (time domain Option 010 only).
Front/Rear Panel Analyzer Display ↑ Fast sweep indicator. This symbol is displayed in the status notation block when sweep time is ≤1.0 second. When sweep time is ≥ 1.0 second, this symbol moves along the displayed trace. * Source parameters changed: measured data in doubt until a complete fresh sweep has been taken. 4. Active Entry Area. This displays the active function and its current value. 5. Message Area. This displays prompts or error messages. 6. Title.
Front/Rear Panel Analyzer Display This general area is also where information for additional markers is placed. Note that Stats and Bandwidth have priority. 14. Softkey Labels. These menu labels redefine the function of the softkeys that are located to the right of the analyzer display. 15. Pass Fail. During limit testing, the result will be annunciated as PASS if the limits are not exceeded, and FAIL if any points exceed the limits.
Front/Rear Panel Rear Panel Features and Connectors Rear Panel Features and Connectors Figure 2-3 8753ES Option 011 Rear Panel Figure 2-3 illustrates the features and connectors of the rear panel, described below. Requirements for input signals to the rear panel connectors are provided in the specifications and characteristics chapter. 1. GPIB connector. This allows you to connect the analyzer to an external controller, compatible peripherals, and other instruments for an automated system.
Front/Rear Panel Rear Panel Features and Connectors 6. Line voltage selector switch. For more information, refer to the installation and quick start guide. 7. Fan. This fan provides forced-air cooling for the analyzer. 8. 10 MHZ PRECISION REFERENCE OUTPUT. (Option 1D5) 9. 10 MHZ REFERENCE ADJUST. (Option 1D5) 10. EXTERNAL REFERENCE INPUT connector. This allows for a frequency reference signal input that can phase lock the analyzer to an external frequency standard for increased frequency accuracy.
Front/Rear Panel Rear Panel Features and Connectors 19. Serial number plate. The serial number of the instrument is located on this plate. 20. EXTERNAL MONITOR: VGA. VGA output connector provides analog red, green, and blue video signals which can drive a VGA monitor.
3 Menu Maps 3-1
Menu Maps Menu Maps Menu Maps This chapter contains menus maps for the hardkeys listed below. The figure number of these menu maps is listed next to the name of the hardkey. Fold Outs are located at the end of this chapter.
Menu Maps Menu Maps Figure 3-2 Menu Map for Copy 3-3
Menu Maps Menu Maps Figure 3-3 Menu Map for Display 3-4
Menu Maps Menu Maps Figure 3-4 Menu Map for Format 3-5
Menu Maps Menu Maps Figure 3-5 Menu Map for Local 3-6
Menu Maps Menu Maps Figure 3-6 Menu Map for Marker, Marker Fctn, and Marker Search 3-7
Menu Maps Menu Maps Figure 3-7 Menu Map for Meas 3-8
Menu Maps Menu Maps Figure 3-8 Menu Map for Power and Sweep Setup 3-9
Menu Maps Menu Maps Figure 3-9 Menu Map for Preset 3-10
Menu Maps Menu Maps Figure 3-10 Menu Map for Save/Recall 3-11
Menu Maps Menu Maps Figure 3-11 Menu Map for Scale Ref 3-12
Cal Correction Menu Power Meter Cal. Main Menu Pwr. Loss/Sens. Lists Menu CORRECTION on OFF PWRMTR CAL OFF USE SENSOR A/B INTERPOL ON off EACH SWEEP CALIBRATE MENU RESUME CAL SEQUENCE ONE SWEEP CAL FACTOR SENSOR A TAKE CAL SWEEP CAL FACTOR SENSOR B Segment Modify Menu Seg. Edit (Cal Factor) Menu Seg. Edit (Pwr. Loss) Menu SEGMENT FREQUENCY FREQUENCY CLEAR LIST LOSS YES CAL FACTOR PWR LOSS on OFF PWRMTR CAL [OFF] LOSS/SENSR LISTS MORE RETURN Def. Arbitrary Imped.
Select Seq Menu A TTL I/O Menu New / Modify Seq Menu SEQUENCE X SEQ X TTL OUT SEQUENCE 1 SEQ 1 TTL OUT HIGH PARALLEL OUT ALL SEQUENCE 2 SEQ 2 Seq TTL Out Menu TTL OUT LOW SET BIT SEQUENCE 3 SEQ 3 CLEAR BIT END SWEEP HIGH PULSE SEQUENCE 4 SEQ 4 PARALL IN BIT NUMBER END SWEEP LOW PULSE SEQUENCE 5 SEQ 5 PARALL IN IF BIT H SEQUENCE 6 SEQ 6 IF BIT L Seq Spec Func Menu Seq Dec Making Menu New / Modify Seq Menu Spec Func More Menu DECISION MAKING IF LIMIT TEST PASS SEQUENCE 1 SEQ 1 E
Set Clock Menu TIME STAMP ON off Preset Settings Menu User Settings Menu PRESET SETTINGS CAL INTERP ON off ROUND SECONDS SET MINUTES K36 MODE on OFF SET HOUR K39 MODE on OFF ***** Ripple Test Menu Select Limits Menu Edit Ripple Limits Menu LIMIT LINE RIPL LIMIT on OFF FREQUENCY BAND RIPPLE LIMIT RIPL TEST on OFF MINIMUM FREQUENCY BANDWIDTH LIMIT RIPL VALUE [ OFF ] MAXIMUM FREQUENCY BW DISPLAY on OFF MAXIMUM RIPPLE BW MARKER on OFF DELETE N DB POINTS ADD MINIMUM BANDWIDTH CLEAR LI
4 Hardkey/Softkey Reference 4-1
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Key Reference Key Reference This chapter contains information on the following topics: • softkey and front-panel functions in alphabetical order (includes a brief description of each function) • cross reference of programming commands to key functions • cross reference of softkeys to front-panel access keys NOTE 4-2 The SERVICE MENU keys are not included in this chapter. Information on the SERVICE MENU keys can be found in the service guide.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Where to Look for More Information Where to Look for More Information Additional information about many of the topics discussed in this chapter is located in the following areas: • "Making Measurements" in the user’s guide contains step-by-step procedures for making measurements or using particular functions.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions Analyzer Functions This section contains an alphabetical listing of softkey and front-panel functions, and a brief description of each function. . is used to add a decimal point to the number you are entering. − is used to add a minus sign to the number you are entering. is used to step up the current value of the active function. The analyzer defines the step size for different functions. No units terminator is required.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions ∆ MODE MENU goes to the delta marker menu, which is used to read the difference in values between the active marker and a reference marker. ∆ MODE OFF turns off the delta marker mode, so that the values displayed for the active marker are absolute values. ∆ REF = 1 establishes marker 1 as a reference. The active marker stimulus and response values are then shown relative to this delta reference.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions 2.4 mm 85056 selects the 85056A/D cal kit. 2.92* 85056K selects the 85056K cal kit. 2.92 mm other kits selects the 2.92 mm cal kit model. 3.5 mm C 85033C selects the 85033C cal kit. 4X: [1] [2]/[3] [4] sets up a four-graticule display with channel 2 in the upper right quadrant and channel 3 in the lower left quadrant.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions ADDRESS: 8753 sets the GPIB address of the network analyzer, using the entry controls. There is no physical address switch to set in the analyzer. The default GPIB address is 16. ADDRESS: CONTROLLER sets the GPIB address the analyzer will use to communicate with the external controller. ADDRESS: DISK sets the GPIB address the analyzer will use to communicate with an external GPIB disk drive.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions AUTO SCALE brings the trace data in view on the display with one keystroke. Stimulus values are not affected, only scale and reference values. The analyzer determines the smallest possible scale factor that will put all displayed data onto 80% of the vertical graticule. The reference value is chosen to put the trace in center screen, then rounded to an integer multiple of the scale factor. AUX CHAN on OFF enables and disables auxiliary channels 3 and 4.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions be set independently if the stimulus is uncoupled. B measures the absolute power amplitude at input B. B/R calculates and displays the complex ratio of input B to input R. BACK SPACE deletes the last character entered. BACKGROUND INTENSITY sets the background intensity of the LCD as a percent of white. The factory-set default value is stored in non-volatile memory. BANDPASS (Option 010 only) sets the time-domain bandpass mode.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions BW TEST on OFF turns bandpass filter bandwidth testing on or off. When bandwidth testing is on, the analyzer locates the maximum point of the data trace and uses it as the reference from which to measure the filter’s bandwidth. Then, the analyzer determines the two cutoff frequencies of the bandpass filter. The cutoff frequencies are the two points on the data trace at a user-specified amplitude below the reference point.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions CAL FACTOR SENSOR A brings up the segment modify menu and segment edit (calibration factor menu) which allows you to enter a power sensor's calibration factors. The calibration factor data entered in this menu will be stored for power sensor A. CAL INTERP ON off sets the preset state of interpolated error-correction on or off.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions Center is used, along with the Span key, to define the frequency range of the stimulus. When the Center key is pressed, its function becomes the active function. The value is displayed in the active entry area, and can be changed with the knob, step keys, or numeric keypad. CENTER sets the center frequency of a subsweep in a list frequency sweep. CH1 DATA [ ] brings up the printer color selection menu.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions Chan 1 allows you to select channel 1 as the active channel. The active channel is indicated by an amber LED adjacent to the corresponding channel key. All of the channel-specific functions you select, such as format or scale, apply to the active channel. By default, Chan 1 measures S11 in log mag format. Chan 2 allows you to select channel 2 as the active channel. The active channel is indicated by an amber LED adjacent to the corresponding channel key.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions CLEAR SEQUENCE clears a sequence from memory. The titles of cleared sequences will remain in load, store, and purge menus. This is done as a convenience for those who often reuse the same titles. COAX defines the standard (and the offset) as coaxial. This causes the analyzer to assume linear phase response in any offsets. COAXIAL DELAY applies a linear phase compensation to the trace for use with electrical delay.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions phase-locking the VCO. COUNTER: FRAC N switches the counter to count the A14 fractional-N VCO frequency at the node shown on the overall block diagram. COUNTER: OFF switches the internal counter off and removes the counter display from the LCD. COUPLED CH ON off toggles the channel coupling of stimulus values.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions stored with the measurement data. DATA ONLY on OFF stores only the measurement data of the device under test to a disk file. The instrument state and calibration are not stored. This is faster than storing with the instrument state, and uses less disk space. It is intended for use in archiving data that will later be used with an external controller, and data cannot be read back by the analyzer.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions DELTA LIMITS sets the limits an equal amount above and below a specified middle value, instead of setting upper and lower limits separately. This is used in conjunction with MIDDLE VALUE or MARKER → MIDDLE , to set limits for testing a device that is specified at a particular value plus or minus an equal tolerance. For example, a device may be specified at 0 dB ±3 dB. Enter the delta limits as 3 dB and the middle value as 0 dB.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions DO BOTH FWD + REV activates both forward and reverse measurements of selected calibration standards. DO BOTH FWD THRUS activates both forward measurements (reflection and transmission) of the thru standard from the selective enhanced response calibration menus.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions DOWN CONVERTER sets the analyzer's source higher than the analyzer's receiver for making measurements in frequency offset mode. DUAL CH on OFF toggles between the display of both measurement channels or the active channel only. This is used in conjunction with SPLIT DISP 1X 2X 4X in the display DUAL|QUAD SETUP menu to display multiple channels. With SPLIT DISP 1X the two traces are overlaid on a single graticule.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions ELECTRICAL DELAY adjusts the electrical delay to balance the phase of the DUT. It simulates a variable length lossless transmission line, which can be added to or removed from a receiver input to compensate for interconnecting cables, etc. This function is similar to the mechanical or analog "line stretchers" of other network analyzers. Delay is annotated in units of time with secondary labeling in distance for the current velocity factor.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions EXTENSION INPUT B adds electrical delay to the input B reference plane for any B input measurements including S-parameters. EXTENSION PORT 1 extends the reference plane for measurements of S11, S21, and S12. EXTENSION PORT 2 extends the reference plane for measurements of S22, S12, and S21. EXTENSIONS on OFF toggles the reference plane extension mode.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions FIXED MKR STIMULUS changes the stimulus value of the fixed marker. Fixed marker stimulus values can be different for the two channels if the channel markers are uncoupled using the marker mode menu. To read absolute active marker stimulus values following a MKR ZERO operation, the stimulus value can be reset to zero. FIXED MKR VALUE changes the response value of the fixed marker. In a Cartesian format this is the y-axis value.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions FREQ OFFS MENU leads to the frequency offset menu (Option 089 only). FREQ OFFS on OFF switches the frequency offset mode on and off. FREQUENCY specifies the frequency of a calibration factor or loss value in the power meter cal loss/sensor lists. FREQUENCY BAND selects an existing frequency band to be reviewed, edited, or deleted. The maximum number of frequency bands is 12 (numbered 1 to 12).
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions GATE: CENTER (Option 010 only) allows you to specify the time at the center of the gate. GATE: SPAN (Option 010 only) allows you to specify the gate periods. GATE: START (Option 010 only) allows you to specify the starting time of the gate. GATE: STOP (Option 010 only) allows you to specify the stopping time of the gate. GATE SHAPE (Option 010 only) leads to the gate shape menu.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions HELP ADAPT REMOVAL provides an on-line quick reference guide to using the adapter removal technique. HOLD freezes the data trace on the display, and the analyzer stops sweeping and taking data. The notation "Hld" is displayed at the left of the graticule. If the * indicator is on at the left side of the display, trigger a new sweep with SINGLE . GPIB DIAG on off toggles the GPIB diagnostic feature (debug mode).
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions IF LOOP COUNTER = 0 prompts the user to select a destination sequence position (SEQUENCE 1 through 6). When the value of the loop counter reaches zero, the sequence in the specified position will run. IF LOOP < > COUNTER 0 prompts the user to select a destination sequence position (SEQUENCE 1 through 6). When the value of the loop counter is no longer zero, the sequence in the specified position will run.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions KIT DONE (MODIFIED) terminates the cal kit modification process, after all standards are defined and all classes are specified. Be sure to save the kit with the SAVE USER KIT softkey, if it is to be used later. LABEL CLASS leads to the label class menu, to give the class a meaningful label for future reference during calibration. LABEL CLASS DONE finishes the label class function and returns to the modify cal kit menu.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions LIMIT TEST on OFF turns limit testing on or off. When limit testing is on, the data is compared with the defined limits at each measured point. Limit tests occur at the end of each sweep, whenever the data is updated, when formatted data is changed, and when limit testing is first turned on. Limit testing is available for both magnitude and phase values in Cartesian formats.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions it is turned on. At the same time, the screen menu is presented, to enable hard copy listings and access new pages of the table. 30 lines of data are listed on each page, and the number of pages is determined by the number of measurement points specified in the stimulus menu. LIST FREQ [SWEPT] or [STEPPED] provides two user-definable arbitrary frequency list modes. This list is defined and modified using the edit list menu and the edit subsweep menu.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions LO SOURCE ADDRESS shows the GPIB address of the LO source. LOAD defines the standard type as a load (termination). Loads are assigned a terminal impedance equal to the system characteristic impedance Z0, but delay and loss offsets may still be added. If the load impedance is not Z0, use the arbitrary impedance standard definition. LOAD NO OFFSET initiates measurement of a calibration standard load without offset.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions LOOP COUNTER displays the current value of the loop counter and allows you to change the value of the loop counter. Enter any number from 0 to 32767 and terminate with the x1 key. The default value of the counter is zero. This command should be placed in a sequence that is separate from the measurement sequence. For this reason: the measurement sequence containing a loop decision command must call itself in order to function.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions MANUAL TRG ON POINT waits for a manual trigger for each point. Subsequent pressing of this softkey triggers each measurement. The annotation "man" will appear at the left side of the display when the instrument is waiting for the trigger to occur. This feature is useful in a test sequence when an external device or instrument requires changes at each point.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions MARKER → MIDDLE sets the midpoint for DELTA LIMITS using the active marker to set the middle amplitude value of a limit segment. Move the marker to the desired value or device specification, and press this key to make that value the midpoint of the delta limits. The limits are automatically set an equal amount above and below the marker.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions MARKER all OFF turns off all the markers and the delta reference marker, as well as the tracking and bandwidth functions that are accessed with the MKR FCTN key. Marker Fctn key activates a marker if one is not already active, and provides access to additional marker functions. These can be used to quickly change the measurement parameters, to search the trace for specified information, and to analyze the trace statistically.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions Meas key provides access to a series of softkey menus for selecting the parameters or inputs to be measured. MEASURE RESTART aborts the sweep in progress, then restarts the measurement. This can be used to update a measurement following an adjustment of the device under test. When a full two-port calibration is in use, the MEASURE RESTART key will initiate another update of both forward and reverse S-parameter data.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions MKR STATS on OFF calculates and displays the mean, standard deviation, and peak-to-peak values of the section of the displayed trace between the active marker and the delta reference marker. If there is no delta reference, the statistics are calculated for the entire trace. A convenient use of this feature is to find the peak-to-peak value of passband ripple without searching separately for the maximum and minimum values.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions NUMBER OF GROUPS triggers a user-specified number of sweeps, and returns to the hold mode. This function can be used to override the test set hold mode (indicated by the notation “tsH” at the left of the screen). In this mode, the electro-mechanical transfer switch (Option 007) and attenuator are not protected against unwanted continuous switching.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions constant of the medium, and the speed of light. OFFSET LOADS DONE completes the selection in the Offset Load Menu. OFFSET LOSS is used to specify energy loss, due to skin effect, along a one-way length of coax offset. The value of loss is entered as Ωs/nanosecond (or Giga Ωs/second) at 1 GHz. (Such losses are negligible in waveguide, so enter 0 as the loss offset.) OFFSET Z0 is used to specify the characteristic impedance of the coax offset.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions OPEN (M) for cal kits with different models for male and female test port standards, this selects the open model for a male test port. Note that the sex of a calibration standard always refers to the test port. P MTR/GPIB TO TITLE gets data from an GPIB device set to the address at which the analyzer expects to find a power meter. The data is stored in a title string. The analyzer must be in system controller or pass control mode.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions PEN NUM GRATICULE selects the number of the pen to plot the graticule. The default pen for channel 1 is pen number 1, and for channel 2 is pen number 1. PEN NUM MARKER selects the number of the pen to plot both the markers and the marker values. The default pen for channel 1 is pen number 7, and for channel 2 is pen number 7. PEN NUM MEMORY selects the number of the pen to plot the memory trace.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions PLOT TEXT ON off selects plotting of all displayed text except the marker values, softkey labels, and display listings such as the frequency list table or limit table. (Softkey labels can be plotted under the control of an external controller. Refer to the programmer’s guide.) PLOTTER BAUD RATE sets the serial port data transmission speed for plots. PLOTTER FORM FEED sends a page eject command to the plotter.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions Power makes power level the active function and sets the RF output power level of the analyzer's internal source. The analyzer will detect an input power overload at any of the three receiver inputs. This is indicated with the message "OVERLOAD ON INPUT (R, A, B)." If power meter cal is on, cal power is the active entry. POWER: FIXED sets the external LO fixed power.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions PRESET: FACTORY is used to select the preset conditions defined by the factory. PRESET: USER is used to select a preset condition defined by the user. This is done by saving a state in a register under Save/Recall and naming the register UPRESET. When PRESET: USER is underlined, the Preset key will bring up the state of the UPRESET register.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions PRNTR PORT PARALLEL configures the analyzer for a printer that has a parallel (centronics) interface. PRNTR PORT SERIAL configures the analyzer for a printer that has a serial (RS-232) interface. PRNTR TYPE [DESKJET] sets the printer type to the DeskJet series. PRNTR TYPE [EPSON-P2] sets the printer type to Epson compatible printers, which support the Epson ESC/P2 printer control language.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions RANGE 4 [ ] selects power range 4 when in manual power range. RANGE 5 [ ] selects power range 5 when in manual power range. RANGE 6 [ ] selects power range 6 when in manual power range. RANGE 7 [ ] selects power range 7 when in manual power range. RANGE 8 [ ] selects power range 8 when in manual power range. RANGE 9 [ ] selects power range 9 when in manual power range. RANGE 10 [ ] selects power range 10 when in manual power range.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions If READ SEQ FILE TITLS is pressed again, the next six sequence titles on the disk will be displayed. To read the contents of the disk starting again with the first sequence: remove the disk, reinsert it into the drive, and press READ SEQ FILE TITLS . REAL displays only the real (resistive) portion of the measured data on a Cartesian format. This is similar to the linear magnitude format, but can show both positive and negative values.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions REF LINE selects the display reference line for color modification. REF LINE [ ] selects the reference line for printer color modification. REFERENCE POSITION sets the position of the reference line on the graticule of a Cartesian display, with 0 the bottom line of the graticule and 10 the top line. It has no effect on a polar or Smith display.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions RESPONSE ISOL'N • When in the specify class more menu, RESPONSE ISOL'N is used to enter the standard numbers for a response and isolation calibration. This calibration corrects for frequency response and directivity in reflection measurements, or frequency response and isolation in transmission measurements.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions REV TRANS THRU is used to enter the standard numbers for the reverse transmission (thru) calibration. (For default kits, this is the thru.) RF > LO adjusts the source frequency higher than the LO by the amount of the LO (within the limits of the analyzer). RF < LO adjusts the source frequency lower than the LO by the amount of the LO (within the limits of the analyzer). RIGHT LOWER draws a quarter-page plot in the lower right quadrant of the page.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions When ABSOLUTE is selected, the display shows the absolute ripple of the data trace within the frequency band. When MARGIN is selected, the display shows the difference between the maximum allowable ripple and the absolute ripple value within the frequency band. When the margin value is preceded by a plus sign (+), this indicates that the ripple within the selected frequency band is passing by the value shown.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions S11 REFL SHORT measures the short circuit TRL/LRM calibration data for PORT 1. S11/21 ENH. RESP provides an S11 and S21 enhanced response calibration (forward direction). Enhanced response generates a 1-port cal for S11 and an improved calibration over the response cal for S21.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions Save/Recall provides access to all the menus used for saving and recalling instrument states in internal memory and for storing to, or loading from the internal or external disk. This includes the menus used to define titles for internal registers and external disk files, to define the content of disk files, to initialize disks for storage, and to clear data from the registers or purge files from disk.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions SEGMENT specifies which limit segment in the table is to be modified. A maximum of three sets of segment values are displayed at one time, and the list can be scrolled up or down to show other segment entries. Use the entry block controls to move the pointer > to the required segment number. The indicated segment can then be edited or deleted. If the table of limits is designated "EMPTY," new segments can be added using the ADD or EDIT softkey.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions Seq accesses a series of sequencing menus. These allow you to create, modify, and store up to 6 sequences which can be run automatically. SEQUENCE 1 SEQ1 activates editing mode for the segment titled "SEQ1" (default title). SEQUENCE 2 SEQ2 activates editing mode for the segment titled "SEQ2" (default title). SEQUENCE 3 SEQ3 activates editing mode for the segment titled "SEQ3" (default title).
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions SET REF: THRU sets the measurement reference plane to the TRL/LRM THRU standard. SET YEAR allows you to set the year in the analyzer's internal clock. SET Z0 sets the characteristic impedance used by the analyzer in calculating measured impedance with Smith chart markers and conversion parameters. Characteristic impedance must be set correctly before calibration procedures are performed.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions a sloping line or when it terminates a flat line and has the same limit values as the flat line, the single point is not displayed as ∨ and ∧. The indication for a single point segment in the displayed table of limits is SP. SINGLE SEG SWEEP enables a measurement of a single segment of the frequency list, without loss of calibration. The segment to be measured is selected using the entry block.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions smoothing aperture is not the group delay aperture unless smoothing is on. SMOOTHING on OFF turns the smoothing function on or off for the active channel. When smoothing is on, the annotation "Smo" is displayed in the status notations area. SOURCE PWR on OFF turns the source power on or off. Use this key to restore power after a power trip has occurred. (See the POWER key description.) SPACE inserts a space in the title.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions Start is used to define the start frequency of a frequency range. When the Start key is pressed it becomes the active function. The value is displayed in the active entry area, and can be changed with the knob, step keys, or numeric keypad. STD OFFSET DONE is used to end the specify offset sequence. STD TYPE: is used to specify the type of calibration device being measured.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions Stop is used to define the stop frequency of a frequency range. When the Stop key is pressed, it becomes the active function. The value is displayed in the active entry area, and can be changed with the knob, step keys, or numeric keypad. STOP sets the stop frequency of a subsweep. STORE SEQ TO DISK presents the store sequence to disk menu with a list of sequences that can be stored. SWEEP is used to set the frequency of the LO source to sweep.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions attempt to use this mode for programming. TAKE CAL SWEEP Each data point is measured during the initial sweep and the correction data is placed in the power meter correction table. This provides data usable in the ONE SWEEP mode. TAKE RCVR CAL SWEEP executes a receiver calibration. TALKER/LISTENER is the mode normally used for remote programming of the analyzer.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions TESTSET I/O FWD is used to support specialized test sets, such as a test set that measures duplexers. It allows you to set three bits (D1, D2, and D3) to a value of 0 to 7, and outputs it as binary from the rear panel test set connector. It tracks the coupling flag, so if coupling is on, and FWD channel 1 is the active channel, FWD channel 2 will be set to the same value.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions TITLE TO MEMORY moves the title string data obtained with the P MTR/GPIB TO TITLE command into a data array. TITLE TO MEMORY strips off leading characters that are not numeric, reads the numeric value, and then discards everything else.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions new trace for the specified bandwidth, and repositions the dedicated bandwidth markers. When tracking is off, the target is found on the current sweep and remains at the same stimulus value regardless of changes in trace response value with subsequent sweeps. A maximum and a minimum point can be tracked simultaneously using two channels and uncoupled markers.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions TUNED RECEIVER sets the analyzer to function as a tuned receiver only, disabling the source. UNCOUPLED allows the marker stimulus values to be controlled independently on each channel. UP CONVERTER sends the sum frequency of the RF and LO to the R channel. UPPER LIMIT sets the upper limit value for the start of the segment. If a lower limit is specified, an upper limit must also be defined.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions USER KIT is used to define kits other than those offered by Agilent Technologies. VELOCITY FACTOR enters the velocity factor used by the analyzer to calculate equivalent electrical length in distance-to-fault measurements using the time domain option. Values entered should be less than 1. Velocity factor is the ratio of the velocity of wave propagation in a coaxial cable to the velocity of wave propagation in free space.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions WAVEGUIDE DELAY applies a non-linear phase shift for use with electrical delay which follows the standard dispersive phase equation for rectangular waveguide. When WAVEGUIDE DELAY is pressed, the active function becomes the WAVEGUIDE CUTOFF frequency, which is used in the phase equation. Choosing a Start frequency less than the Cutoff frequency results in phase errors.
Hardkey/Softkey Reference Analyzer Functions WINDOW: MINIMUM (Option 010 only) is used to set the window of a time domain measurement to the minimum value. Provides essentially no window. WINDOW: NORMAL (Option 010 only) is used to set the window of a time domain measurement to the normal value. Usually the most useful because it reduces the sidelobes of the measurement somewhat. x1 is used to terminate basic units: dB, dBm, Hz, dB/GHz, degrees, or seconds.
5 Error Messages 5-1
Error Messages Error Messages Error Messages This chapter contains the following information to help you interpret any error messages that may be displayed on the analyzer LCD or transmitted by the instrument over GPIB: • An alphabetical listing of all error messages, including: ❏ An explanation of the message ❏ Suggestions to help solve the problem • A numerical listing of all error messages NOTE 5-2 Some messages described in this chapter are for information only and do not indicate an error condition.
Error Messages Error Messages in Alphabetical Order Error Messages in Alphabetical Order ABORTING COPY OUTPUT Information Message This message is displayed briefly if you have pressed Local to abort a copy operation. If the message is not subsequently replaced by error message number 25, PRINT ABORTED (or PLOT ABORTED) the copy device may be hung. Press Local once more to exit the abort process and verify the status of the copy device.
Error Messages Error Messages in Alphabetical Order ARGUMENT OUT OF RANGE Error Number 206 The argument for a programming command is out of the specified range. Refer to the programmer’s guide for a list of programming commands and argument ranges. ASCII: MISSING 'BEGIN' STATEMENT Error Number 193 The CITIfile you just downloaded over the GPIB or via disk was not properly organized. The analyzer is unable to read the "BEGIN" statement.
Error Messages Error Messages in Alphabetical Order BATTERY FAILED. STATE MEMORY CLEARED Error Number 183 The battery protection of the non-volatile CMOS memory has failed. The CMOS memory has been cleared. Refer to the service guide for battery replacement instructions. See Chapter 7 , “Preset State and Memory Allocation” for more information about the CMOS memory. BATTERY LOW! STORE SAVE REGS TO DISK Error Number 184 The battery protection of the non-volatile CMOS memory is in danger of failing.
Error Messages Error Messages in Alphabetical Order CANNOT MODIFY FACTORY PRESET Error Number 199 You have attempted to rename, delete, or otherwise alter the factory preset state. The factory preset state is permanently stored in CMOS memory and cannot be altered. If your intent was to create a user preset state, you must create a new instrument state, save it, and then rename it to "UPRESET". Refer to Chapter 7 , “Preset State and Memory Allocation” for more detailed instructions.
Error Messages Error Messages in Alphabetical Order CONTINUOUS SWITCHING NOT ALLOWED Error Number 10 Your current measurement requires different power ranges on channel 1 and channel 2. To protect the attenuator from undue mechanical wear, test set hold will be activated. The "tsH" (test set hold) indicator in the left margin of the display indicates that the inactive channel has been put in the sweep hold mode.
Error Messages Error Messages in Alphabetical Order CURRENT PARAMETER NOT IN CAL SET Error Number 64 Correction is not valid for your selected measurement parameter. Either change the measurement parameters or perform a new calibration. D2/D1 INVALID WITH SINGLE CHANNEL Error Number 130 You can only make a D2/D1 measurement if both channels are on. D2/D1 INVALID: CH1 CH2 NUM PTS DIFFERENT Error Number 152 You can only make a D2/D1 measurement if both channels have the same number of points.
Error Messages Error Messages in Alphabetical Order DISK MEDIUM NOT INITIALIZED Error Number 40 You must initialize the disk before it can be used. DISK MESSAGE LENGTH ERROR Error Number 190 The analyzer and the external disk drive aren't communicating properly. Check the GPIB connection and then try substituting another disk drive to isolate the problem instrument. DISK: not on, not connected, wrong addrs Error Number 38 The disk cannot be accessed by the analyzer.
Error Messages Error Messages in Alphabetical Order EXT SOURCE NOT READY FOR TRIGGER Error Number 191 There is a hardware problem with the 8625A external source. Verify the connections between the analyzer and the external source. If the connections are correct, refer to the source operating manual. EXT SRC: NOT ON/CONNECTED OR WRONG ADDR Error Number 162 The analyzer is unable to communicate with the external source. Check the connections and the GPIB address on the source.
Error Messages Error Messages in Alphabetical Order FUNCTION NOT AVAILABLE Error Number 202 The function you requested over GPIB is not available on the current instrument. FUNCTION NOT VALID Error Number 14 The function you requested is incompatible with the current instrument state. FUNCTION NOT VALID DURING MOD SEQUENCE Error Number 131 You cannot perform sequencing operations while a sequence is being modified.
Error Messages Error Messages in Alphabetical Order ILLEGAL UNIT OR VOLUME NUMBER Error Number 46 The disk unit or volume number set in the analyzer is not valid. Refer to the disk drive operating manual. INIT DISK removes all data from disk Information Message Continuing with the initialize operation will destroy any data currently on the disk. INITIALIZATION FAILED Error Number 47 The disk initialization failed, probably because the disk is damaged.
Error Messages Error Messages in Alphabetical Order LIST MODE OFF: INVALID WITH LO FREQ Error Number 182 List mode has been turned off in the frequency offset mode because it is incompatible with your selected LO frequency. LIST TABLE EMPTY Error Number 9 The frequency list is empty. To implement list frequency mode, add segments to the list table.
Error Messages Error Messages in Alphabetical Order NO FILE(S) FOUND ON DISK Error Number 45 No files of the type created by an analyzer store operation were found on the disk or the disk drive is empty. If you requested a specific file title, that file was not found on the disk. NO IF FOUND: CHECK R INPUT LEVEL Error Number 5 The first IF signal was not detected during pretune. Check that a portion of the source signal is being input to the R channel.
Error Messages Error Messages in Alphabetical Order NOT ALLOWED DURING POWER METER CAL Error Number 198 When the analyzer is performing a power meter calibration, the GPIB bus is unavailable for other functions such as printing or plotting. NOT ENOUGH SPACE ON DISK FOR STORE Error Number 44 The store operation will overflow the available disk space. Insert a new disk or purge files to create free disk space.
Error Messages Error Messages in Alphabetical Order OVERLOAD ON INPUT B, POWER REDUCED Error Number 59 See OVERLOAD ON INPUT R, POWER REDUCED (error number 57). OVERLOAD ON INPUT R, POWER REDUCED Error Number 57 You have exceeded approximately +14 dBm at one of the test ports. The RF output power is automatically reduced to −85 dBm. The annotation P⇓ appears in the left margin of the display to indicate that the power trip function has been activated.
Error Messages Error Messages in Alphabetical Order PLOTTER: not on, not connect, wrong addrs Error Number 26 The plotter does not respond to control. Verify power to the plotter, and check the GPIB connection between the analyzer and the plotter. Ensure that the plotter address recognized by the analyzer matches the GPIB address set on the plotter itself. PLOTTER NOT READY-PINCH WHEELS UP Error Number 28 The plotter pinch wheels clamp the paper in place.
Error Messages Error Messages in Alphabetical Order print color not supported with EPSON Error Number 178 You have defined the printer type as EPSON-P2. Color print is not supported with this printer. The print will abort. PRINTER: busy Error Number 176 The parallel port printer is not accepting data. PRINTER: error Error Number 175 The parallel port printer is malfunctioning. The analyzer cannot complete the copy function.
Error Messages Error Messages in Alphabetical Order PRINT/PLOT IN PROGRESS, ABORT WITH LOCAL Error Number 166 If a print or plot is in progress and you attempt a second print or plot, this message is displayed and the second attempt is ignored. To abort a print or plot in progress, press Local . PROBE POWER SHUT DOWN! Error Number 23 One or both of the probe power supplies have been shut down due to an over-current, over-voltage, or under-voltage condition.
Error Messages Error Messages in Alphabetical Order SEGMENT #n POWER OUTSIDE RANGE LIMIT Information Message The selected power range does not support the power level of one or more segments in the swept list table. This message appears when swept list mode is not on and reports the first segment that is out of range. Change the segment power or change the power range.
Error Messages Error Messages in Alphabetical Order SOURCE POWER TURNED OFF, RESET UNDER POWER MENU Information Message You have exceeded the maximum power level at one of the inputs and power has been automatically reduced. The annotation P⇓ indicates that power trip has been activated. When this occurs, reset the power and then press Power SOURCE PWR on OFF , to switch on the power.
Error Messages Error Messages in Alphabetical Order SYST CTRL OR PASS CTRL IN LOCAL MENU Error Number 36 The analyzer is in talker/listener mode. In this mode, the analyzer cannot control a peripheral device on the bus. Use the local menu to change to system controller or pass control mode. TEST ABORTED Error Number 113 You have prematurely stopped a service test.
Error Messages Error Messages in Alphabetical Order WAITING FOR DISK Information Message This message is displayed between the start and finish of a read or write operation to a disk. WAITING FOR GPIB CONTROL Information Message You have instructed the analyzer to use pass control (USEPASC). When you send the analyzer an instruction that requires active controller mode, the analyzer requests control of the bus and simultaneously displays this message.
Error Messages Error Messages in Numerical Order Error Messages in Numerical Order Error Number Error 1 OPTIONAL FUNCTION; NOT INSTALLED 2 INVALID KEY 3 CORRECTION CONSTANTS NOT STORED 4 PHASE LOCK CAL FAILED 5 NO IF FOUND: CHECK R INPUT LEVEL 6 POSSIBLE FALSE LOCK 7 NO PHASE LOCK: CHECK R INPUT LEVEL 8 PHASE LOCK LOST 9 LIST TABLE EMPTY 10 CONTINUOUS SWITCHING NOT ALLOWED 11 SWEEP TIME INCREASED 12 SWEEP TIME TOO FAST 13 AVERAGING INVALID ON NON-RATIO MEASURE 14 FUNCTION NOT V
Error Messages Error Messages in Numerical Order Error Number Error 32 WRITE ATTEMPTED WITHOUT SELECTING INPUT TYPE 33 SYNTAX ERROR 34 BLOCK INPUT ERROR 35 BLOCK INPUT LENGTH ERROR 36 SYST CTRL OR PASS CTRL IN LOCAL MENU 37 ANOTHER SYSTEM CONTROLLER ON GPIB BUS 38 DISK: not on, not connected, wrong addrs 39 DISK HARDWARE PROBLEM 40 DISK MEDIUM NOT INITIALIZED 41 NO DISK MEDIUM IN DRIVE 42 FIRST CHARACTER MUST BE A LETTER 43 ONLY LETTERS AND NUMBERS ARE ALLOWED 44 NOT ENOUGH SPACE
Error Messages Error Messages in Numerical Order Error Number Error 64 CURRENT PARAMETER NOT IN CAL SET 65 CORRECTION AND DOMAIN RESET 66 CORRECTION TURNED OFF 67 DOMAIN RESET 68 ADDITIONAL STANDARDS NEEDED 69 NO CALIBRATION CURRENTLY IN PROGRESS 70 NO SPACE FOR NEW CAL.
Error Messages Error Messages in Numerical Order Error Number Error 144 NO LIMIT LINES DISPLAYED 145 SWEEP TYPE CHANGED TO LINEAR SWEEP 148 EXTERNAL SOURCE MODE REQUIRES CW TIME 150 LOG SWEEP REQUIRES 2 OCTAVE MINIMUM SPAN 151 SAVE FAILED / INSUFFICIENT MEMORY 152 D2/D1 INVALID: CH1 CH2 NUM PTS DIFFERENT 153 SEQUENCE MAY HAVE CHANGED, CAN'T CONTINUE 154 INSUFFICIENT MEMORY, PWR MTR CAL OFF 157 SEQUENCE ABORTED 159 CH1 (CH2) TARGET VALUE NOT FOUND 161 PRESS [MENU], SELECT CW (IF) FREQ
Error Messages Error Messages in Numerical Order Error Number Error 181 BAD FREQ FOR HARMONIC OR FREQ OFFSET 182 LIST MODE OFF: INVALID WITH LO FREQ 183 BATTERY FAILED.
Error Messages Error Messages in Numerical Order Error Number Error 214 CORRECTION ON: AUX CHANNEL(S) RESTORED 215 CAUTION: CORRECTION OFF: AUX CHANNEL(S) DISABLED 216 CAUTION: AUX CHANNELS MEASURE S-PARAMETERS ONLY 218 CAUTION: FLOPPY DISK IS FULL 5-29
6 Options and Accessories 6-1
Options and Accessories Using This Chapter Using This Chapter This chapter contains information on the following subjects: • Analyzer Options Available on page 6-3 • Accessories Available on page 6-5 6-2
Options and Accessories Analyzer Options Available Analyzer Options Available Option 1D5, High Stability Frequency Reference Option 1D5 offers ±0.05 ppm temperature stability from 0 to 55 °C (referenced to 25 °C), and aging rate of ±0.5 ppm per year (typical). Option 002, Harmonic Mode Provides measurement of second or third harmonics of the test device's fundamental output signal. Frequency and power sweep are supported in this mode.
Options and Accessories Analyzer Options Available Service and Support Options Agilent Technologies offers many repair and calibration options for your analyzer. Contact the nearest Agilent Technologies sales or service office for information on options available for your analyzer.
Options and Accessories Accessories Available Accessories Available For accessories not listed in this section, refer to the configuration guide for your analyzer or refer to the following Internet site: www.agilent.com/find/8753 Measurement Accessories Accessories are available in these connector types: 3.5-mm, 7-mm, 50-ohm type-N, 7-16, 75-ohm type-N, and type-F. A standard 8753ES or one equipped with Option 075 includes a built-in test set.
Options and Accessories Accessories Available • 85038A 50-ohm 7-16 calibration kit (30 kHz to 7.5 GHz) Contains open and short circuits, fixed loads and wrenches. • 85038F 50-ohm 7-16 calibration kit (30 kHz to 7.5 GHz) Contains fixed loads, open and short circuits, and adapters. • 85038M 50-ohm 7-16 calibration kit (30 kHz to 7.5 GHz) Contains a fixed load, open and short circuits, and a adapter. • 85038M 50-ohm 7-16 calibration kit (30 kHz to 7.
Options and Accessories Accessories Available adapter • 85099A 75-ohm type-F RF ECal module; type-F (m) to type-F (f) — Option 00F substitutes module with two type-F female connectors. — Option 00M substitutes module with two type-F male connectors. — Option 00A adds type-F (m) to type-F (m) adapter and type-F (f) to type-F (f) adapter Verification Kit 85029B 7-mm verification kit Includes attenuators and mismatch attenuator with data on a 3.
Options and Accessories Accessories Available • 86205A 50-ohm RF bridge, 300 kHz to 6 GHz. • 86207A 75-ohm RF bridge, 300 kHz to 3 GHz. Minimum Loss Pads and Adapters • 11852B 50 to 75-ohm minimum loss pad (300 kHz to 3 GHz) Adapts from 50-ohm type-N female to 75-ohm type-N male. Nominal insertion loss is 5.7 dB. — Option 004 provides 50-ohm type-N male and 75-ohm type-N female connectors.
Options and Accessories Accessories Available Test Configuration Accessories RF Limiter Externally attaches to one or both test ports of the analyzer. Provides protection against potential high-power transients from external devices. • 11930A 7-mm RF limiter, DC to 6 GHz, max power +28 dBm typical • 11930B 50-ohm type-N RF limiter, 5 MHz to 6 GHz, max power +28 dBm typical Probe 85024A high-frequency probe Provides high-impedance in-circuit test capability, from 300 kHz to 3 GHz.
Options and Accessories Accessories Available Keyboard Template The analyzer is designed to accept most PC-AT-compatible keyboards with a mini-DIN connector. The keyboard can be used for control or data input, such as titling files. The information found on the analyzer keyboard template (part number 08753-80220) is also listed in Table 6-1.
7 Preset State and Memory Allocation 7-1
Preset State and Memory Allocation Preset State Preset State When the Preset key is pressed, the analyzer reverts to a known state called the factory preset state. This state is defined in Table 7-1. There are subtle differences between the preset state and the power-up state. These differences are documented in Table 7-3. If power to non-volatile memory is lost, the analyzer will have certain parameters set to default settings. The affected parameters are shown in Table 7-4.
Preset State and Memory Allocation Preset State Table 7-1 Preset Conditions for 8753 Option 011 Preset Conditions Preset Value Analyzer Mode Analyzer Mode Network Analyzer Mode Frequency Offset Operation Off Offset Value 0 Harmonic Operation Off Stimulus Conditions Sweep Type Linear Frequency Display Mode Start/Stop Trigger Type Continuous External Trigger Off Sweep Time 87.5 ms, Auto Mode Start Frequency 300 kHz Start Frequency (Opt. 006) 30 kHz Frequency Span 2999.
Preset State and Memory Allocation Preset State Table 7-1 Preset Conditions for 8753 Option 011 Preset Conditions Preset Value Frequency List Frequency List Empty Edit Mode Start/Stop, Number of Points Response Conditions Parameter Channel 1: A/R Channel 2: B/R Channel 3: B/R Channel 4: B/R Conversion Off Format Log Magnitude (all inputs) Display Data Color Selections Same as before Preset Dual Channel Off Active Channel Channel 1 Auxiliary Channel Disabled Frequency Blank Disabled
Preset State and Memory Allocation Preset State Table 7-1 Preset Conditions for 8753 Option 011 Preset Conditions Preset Value Calibration Correction Off Calibration Type None Calibration Kit 7-mm System Z0 50 Ohms Velocity Factor 1 Extensions Off Port 1 0s Port 2 0s Input A 0s Input B 0s Chop A and B On Power Meter Calibration Off Number of Readings 1 Power Loss Correction Off Sensor A/B A Interpolated Error Correction On Markers (coupled) Markers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 1 GHz; Al
Preset State and Memory Allocation Preset State Table 7-1 Preset Conditions for 8753 Option 011 Preset Conditions Preset Value Marker Value Offset 0 dB Marker Aux Offset (Phase) 0 Degrees Marker Statistics Off Polar Marker Lin Mkr Smith Marker R+jX Mkr Limit Menu Limit Lines Limit Lines Off Limit Testing Off Limit List Empty Edit Mode Upper/Lower Limits Stimulus Offset 0 Hz Amplitude Offset 0 dB Limit Type Sloping Line Beep Fail Off Ripple Limit Ripple Limit Off Ripple Test O
Preset State and Memory Allocation Preset State Table 7-1 Preset Conditions for 8753 Option 011 Preset Conditions Preset Value Gate Start −10 nanoseconds Gate Span 20 nanoseconds Demodulation Off Window Normal Use Memory Off System Parameters GPIB Addresses Last Active State GPIB Mode Last Active State Clock Time Stamp On Preset: Factory/User Last Selected State Copy Configuration Parallel Port Last Active State Plotter Type Last Active State Plotter Port Last Active State Plotter
Preset State and Memory Allocation Preset State Table 7-1 Preset Conditions for 8753 Option 011 Preset Conditions Preset Value Directory Size Defaulta Save Using Binary Select Disk Internal Memory Disk Format LIF Sequencingb Loop Counter 0 TTL OUT High Service Modes GPIB Diagnostic Off Source Phase Lock Loop On Sampler Correction On Spur Avoidance On Aux Input Resolution Low Analog Bus Node Off Plot Plot Data On Plot Memory On Plot Graticule On Plot Text On Plot Marker On
Preset State and Memory Allocation Preset State Table 7-1 Preset Conditions for 8753 Option 011 Preset Conditions Preset Value Ch2/Ch4 Memory 6 Ch1/Ch3 Graticule 1 Ch2/Ch4 Graticule 1 Ch1/Ch3 Text 7 Ch2/Ch4 Text 7 Ch1/Ch3 Marker 7 Ch2/Ch4 Marker 7 Line Type: Ch1/Ch3 Data 7 Ch2/Ch4 Data 7 Ch1/Ch3 Memory 7 Ch2/Ch4 Memory 7 Print Printer Mode Last Active State Auto-Feed On Printer Colors Ch1/Ch3 Data Magenta Ch1/Ch3 Mem Green Ch2/Ch4 Data Blue Ch2/Ch4 Mem Red Graticule Cya
Preset State and Memory Allocation Preset State Table 7-2 Preset Conditions Format Table Scale Reference Position Value Log Magnitude (dB) 10.0 5.0 0.0 Phase (degree) 90.0 5.0 0.0 Group Delay (ns) 10.0 5.0 0.0 Smith Chart 1.00 – 1.0 Polar 1.00 – 1.0 Linear Magnitude 0.1 0.0 0.0 Real 0.2 5.0 0.0 Imaginary 0.2 5.0 0.0 SWR 1.00 0.0 1.0 Table 7-3 Power-On Conditions (versus Preset) 7-10 GPIB MODE Talker/listener.
Preset State and Memory Allocation Preset State Table 7-4 Results of Power Loss to Non-Volatile Memory GPIB ADDRESSES are set to the following defaults: ANALYZER 16 USER DISPLAY 17 PLOTTER 5 PRINTER 1 POWER METER 13 DISK 0 DISK UNIT NUMBER 0 DISK VOLUME NUMBER 0 POWER METER TYPE is set to 438A/437 INTERNAL REGISTER TITLESa are set to defaults: REG1 through REG32 EXTERNAL REGISTER TITLESa (store files) are set to defaults: FILE1 through FILE 5 PRINT TYPE is set to default: MONOCHROME PRINTIN
Preset State and Memory Allocation Memory Allocation Memory Allocation The analyzer is capable of saving complete instrument states for later retrieval. It can store these instrument states into the internal memory, to the internal disk, or to an external disk.
Preset State and Memory Allocation Memory Allocation NOTE Even though calibration data is stored in non-volatile memory, if the associated instrument state is not saved, you will not be able to retrieve the calibration data after a power cycle.
Preset State and Memory Allocation Memory Allocation Determining Memory Requirements Table 7-5 shows the memory requirements of calibration arrays and memory trace arrays to help you approximate memory requirements. For example, add the following memory requirements: • a full 2-port calibration with 801 points (58 k) • the memory trace array (4.9 k) • the instrument state (6 k) The total memory requirement is 68.9 kbytes. There is sufficient memory to store 29 calibrations of this type.
Preset State and Memory Allocation Memory Allocation Table 7-5 Memory Requirements of Calibration and Memory Trace Arrays Variable Approximate Totals (Bytes) Data Length (Bytes)a 401 pts 801 pts 1 chan 1601 pts 1 chan 2 chans Calibration Arrays Response N × 6 + 52 2.5 k 5k 10 k 19 k Response and isolation N × 6 × 2 + 52 5k 10 k 19 k 38 k N × 6 × 3 + 52 7k 14 k 29 k 58 k N × 6 × 12 + 52 29 k 58 k 115 k 230 k (Nc × 2 × number channelsd) +208 1k 1.8 k 3.4 k 6.
Preset State and Memory Allocation Memory Allocation Storing Data to Disk You can use the internal disk drive or connect an external disk drive for storage of instrument states, calibration data, measurement data, and plot files. (Refer to the “Printing, Plotting, and Saving Measurement Results” chapter in the user’s guide for more information on saving measurement data and plot files.) The analyzer displays one file name per stored instrument state when you list the disk directory.
Preset State and Memory Allocation Memory Allocation Table 7-6 Suffix Character Definitions Char 1 Definition I, P Instrument statea W Four-channel instrument state G Graphics D R F Error corrected data Raw data Formatted data Char 2 Definition 1 Display graphics 0 Graphics index 1 Channel 1 2 Channel 2 3 Channel 3 4 Channel 4 1 to 4 Channel 1/3, raw arrays 1 to 4b 5 to 8 Channel 2/4, raw arrays 5 to 8 1 Channel 1 2 Channel 2 3 Channel 3 4 Channel 4 C Cal K Cal ki
Preset State and Memory Allocation Memory Allocation If correction is on at the time of an external store, the calibration set is stored to disk. (Note that inactive calibrations are not stored to disk.) When an instrument state is loaded into the analyzer from disk, the stimulus and response parameters are restored first. If correction is on for the loaded state, the analyzer will load a calibration set from disk that carries the same title as the one stored for the instrument state.
8 Understanding the CITIfile Data Format 8-1
Understanding the CITIfile Data Format Using This Chapter Using This Chapter The descriptions and examples shown in this chapter demonstrate how CITIfile may be used to store and transfer both measurement information and data. The use of a single, common format will allow data to be more easily moved between instruments and computers.
Understanding the CITIfile Data Format The CITIfile Data Format The CITIfile Data Format Description and Overview CITIfile is a standardized data format, used for exchanging data between different computers and instruments. CITIfile is an abbreviation for "Common Instrumentation Transfer and Interchange file". This standard has been a group effort between instrument designers and designers of computer-aided design programs.
Understanding the CITIfile Data Format The CITIfile Data Format A CITIfile Package A typical package is divided into two parts: The first part, the header, is made up of keywords and setup information. The second part, the data, usually consists of one or more arrays of data. Example 1 shows the basic structure of a CITIfile package: Example 1, A CITIfile Package The “header” part CITIFILE A.01.00 NAME MEMORY VAR FREQ MAG 3 DATA S RI The “data” part BEGIN -3.54545E-2, -1.38601E-3 0.23491E-3, -1.
Understanding the CITIfile Data Format The CITIfile Data Format An Array of Data An array is numeric data that is arranged with one data element per line. In the Smith chart and polar formats, the data is in real and imaginary pairs. In all other formats, the data is still in pairs, but the second term of the pair is 0E0. All information is true formatted data in the same format as on the analyzer display (dB, SWR, etc.). A CITIfile package may contain more than one array of data.
Understanding the CITIfile Data Format The CITIfile Data Format Example 3, 8510 Data file Example 3 shows a CITIfile package created from the data register of an 8510 Network Analyzer. In this case 10 points of real and imaginary data was stored, and frequency information was recorded in a segment list table. Example: CITIFILE A.01.00 #NA VERSION HP8510B.05.00 NAME DATA #NA REGISTER 1 VAR FREQ MAG 10 DATA S[1,1] RI SEG_LIST_BEGIN SEG 1000000000 4000000000 10 SEG_LIST_END BEGIN 0.86303E-1,-8.98651E-1 8.
Understanding the CITIfile Data Format The CITIfile Data Format #NA PARAMS 2 #NA CAL_TYPE 3 #NA POWER_SLOPE 0.0E0 #NA SLOPE_MODE 0 #NA TRIM_SWEEP 0 #NA SWEEP_MODE 4 #NA LOWPASS_FLAG -1 #NA FREQ_INFO 1 #NA SPAN 1000000000 3000000000 4 #NA DUPLICATES 0 #NA ARB_SEG 1000000000 1000000000 1 #NA ARB_SEG 2000000000 3000000000 3 VAR_LIST_BEGIN 1000000000 2000000000 2500000000 3000000000 VAR_LIST_END BEGIN 1.12134E-3,1.73103E-3 4.23145E-3,-5.36775E-3 -0.56815E-3,5.32650E-3 -1.85942E-3,-4.07981E-3 END BEGIN 2.
Understanding the CITIfile Data Format CITIfile Keywords CITIfile Keywords Keyword Explanation and Examples CITIFILE CITIFILE A.01.01 identifies the file as a CITIfile, and indicates the revision level of the file. The CITIfile keyword and revision code must precede any other keywords. The CITIfile keyword at the beginning of the package assures the device reading the file that the data that follows is in the CITIfile format. The revision number allows for future extensions of the CITIfile standard.
Understanding the CITIfile Data Format CITIfile Keywords SEG_LIST_BEGIN SEG_LIST_BEGIN indicates that a list of segments for the independent variable follow. Format for the segments is: [segment type] [start] [stop] [number of points]. The current implementation only supports a single segment. If there is more than one segment, the VAR_LIST_BEGIN construct is used. CITIfile revision A.01.00 supports only the SEG (linear segment) segment type.
Understanding the CITIfile Data Format CITIfile Keywords CONSTANT CONSTANT [name] [value] allows for the recording of values which don’t change when the independent variable changes. CONSTANTs are part of the main CITIfile definition. Users must not define their own CONSTANTs. Use the #KEYWORD device specification to create your own KEYWORD instead. The #NA device specification is an example of this. No constants were defined for revision A.01.00 of CITIfile. CITIfile revision A.01.
Understanding the CITIfile Data Format Useful Calculations Useful Calculations This section contains information on computing frequency points and expressing CITIfile data in other data formats. Computing Frequency Points In CITIfile, the frequency data is not listed point by point, only the start and stop values are given. If you are using a spreadsheet program, you can create a new frequency column to the left of the data pairs.
Understanding the CITIfile Data Format Useful Calculations Expressing CITIfile Data in Other Data Formats CITIfile data is represented in real and imaginary pairs. Equations can be used to express this information in logarithmic magnitude, phase, polar, and Smith chart formats. Refer to the following table for these equations.
Understanding the CITIfile Data Format Useful Calculations Example Data This example shows how the following CITIfile data for a three-point trace can be expressed in other data formats. CITIFILE A.01.00 #NA VERSION HP8753E.07.12 NAME DATA VAR FREQ MAG 3.0000 DATA S[11] RI SEG_LIST_BEGIN SEG 1550000000 1570000000 3.
9 Determining System Measurement Uncertainties 9-1
Determining System Measurement Uncertainties Introduction Introduction In any measurement, certain measurement errors associated with the system add uncertainty to the measured results. This uncertainty defines how accurately a device under test (DUT) can be measured. This chapter describes how the various network analyzer measurement error sources contribute to uncertainties in the magnitude and phase measurements of both transmission and reflection.
Determining System Measurement Uncertainties Sources of Measurement Errors Sources of Measurement Errors Measurement errors are made up of systematic errors, random errors, and drift errors. Each of these measurement error types is discussed in this section. Sources of Systematic Errors The residual (after measurement calibration) systematic errors result from imperfections in the calibration standards. All measurements are affected by dynamic accuracy.
Determining System Measurement Uncertainties Sources of Measurement Errors Sources of Random Errors The random error sources are noise, connector repeatability and interconnecting cable stability. There are two types of noise in any measurement system: low level noise (noise floor) and high level noise (trace noise). Low level noise is the broadband noise floor of the receiver which can be reduced through averaging or by changing the IF bandwidth.
Determining System Measurement Uncertainties Determining Expected System Performance Determining Expected System Performance Improper connection techniques and contact surfaces can degrade measurement accuracy. Proper connection techniques include using a torque wrench with proper torque limits, ensuring that the connector pin depths meet specifications, ensuring that the center conductor of sliding loads is properly set, and observing proper handling procedures for beadless airlines.
Determining System Measurement Uncertainties Determining Cable Stability Terms (CR1, CR2, CTM1, CTM2, CTP1, CTP2) Determining Cable Stability Terms (CR1, CR2, CTM1, CTM2, CTP1, CTP2) Cable stability is dependent on the cable used and the amount of cable movement between calibration and measurement.
Determining System Measurement Uncertainties Determining Cable Stability Terms (CR1, CR2, CTM1, CTM2, CTP1, CTP2) Figure 9-2 Cable Stability with a Short Connected Figure 9-2 and Figure 9-3 demonstrate the concepts useful in determining cable transmission stability. A short is connected to the free end. The DATA/MEM feature provides an indication of the two-way cable transmission stability.
Determining System Measurement Uncertainties Measurement Uncertainty Equations Measurement Uncertainty Equations Any measurement result is the vector sum of the actual test device response plus all error terms. The precise effect of each error term depends on its magnitude and phase relationship to the actual test device response. When the phase of an error response is not known, phase is assumed to be worst case (–l80° to +180°). Forward Reflection Uncertainty Equation 9-1.
Determining System Measurement Uncertainties Measurement Uncertainty Equations Forward Transmission Uncertainty Equation 9-3.
Determining System Measurement Uncertainties Measurement Uncertainty Equations Reverse Reflection Uncertainty Equation 9-5.
Determining System Measurement Uncertainties Measurement Uncertainty Equations Reverse Transmission Uncertainty Equation 9-7.
Index Numerics 6 GHz operation, Option 006, 6-3 75 Ohm impedance, Option 075, 6-3 A accessories available, 6-5 keyboard template, 6-10 measurement accessories, 6-5 adapters, 6-7 allocation, memory, 7-12 amplifier, 6-9 Analyzer panels front, 2-2 analyzer display, 2-4 analyzer functions, 4-4 analyzer options available, 6-3 6 GHz operation, Option 006, 6-3 75 Ohm impedance, Option 075, 6-3 harmonic mode, Option 002, 6-3 high stability frequency reference, Option 1D5, 6-3 rack mount flange kit with handles, Op
Index random errors, 9-2, 9-4 raw error terms, 9-2 rear panel features and connectors, 2-9 repeatability, connector, 9-5 repeatable errors, 9-2 residual errors, 9-2, 9-3 reverse reflection uncertainty, 9-10 transmission uncertainty, 9-11 RF ECal modules, 6-6 RF limiter, 6-9 S saved calibration sets, 7-18 service and support options, 6-4 settings and data, 2-2 specifications, 1-13 definitions, 1-2 general information, 1-13 stability, cable, 9-6 storing data to disk, 7-16 system measurement uncertainty, 9-2
