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518 Chapter 18
T1 Analyzer
Measurement Results
T1 Analyzer
Measurement Results
Alarm indicators
• Signal Loss - The test set encountered the absence of 192 or more consecutive
pulses. A frame pulse may or may not be present
• Frame Loss - The test set encountered an unexpected frame pattern. The frame
pattern did not match that selected in 'Setup'
• Excess Zeros - The test set encountered the absence at least 16 consecutive
pulses in AMI mode, or the absence of at least 8 consecutive pulses in B8ZS
mode.
• All Ones - The test set encountered an unframed, all 1s pattern (a constant
contiguous stream of 1s). This pattern is also known as an Alarm Indication
Signal (AIS), ‘Keep-Alive Signal’, or ‘Blue Alarm’. Blue alarms are generated
by faulty transmission equipment such a T3 to T1 multiplexers.
• Yellow Alarm - A Remote Alarm Indication (RAI) signal pattern was received.
This is normally sent by the far end interface equipment (CSU) in response to
receiving a blue alarm on its network side. In D4 framing mode, a yellow alarm
is created at the far end by setting bit 2 to 0 for 255 consecutive frames. In ESF,
a pattern of eight 0s and eight 1s is repeated 16 times to indicate a yellow alarm.
• Idle (CDI) - A Customer Disconnect Indication signal was received from the far
end interface unit indicating that the customer is no longer supplying a signal. A
CDI signal is an in-band pattern 0001 0100. Eight ones followed by eight zeros
interrupted each second for 100 ms with LAPD Idle code (01111110) will be
sent in the ESF Facility Data Link (ESF FDL).
Results indicators
• BPV - A momentary indicator that responds when a bipolar violation occurs on
the incoming signal applied to the Receive jack. B8ZS codes are not considered
a BPV and will not activate this indicator when the test set is set to AMI mode.
• Frame - A momentary indicator that responds when the test set encountered a
disruption of the incoming frame pattern.
• Pattern - A momentary indicator that responds to a disruption of the incoming
pattern.