Agilent L4400 Series LXI Class C Instruments User’s Guide Agilent Technologies
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Notices © Agilent Technologies, Inc. 2011, 2012 Warranty No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form or by any means (including electronic storage and retrieval or translation into a foreign language) without prior agreement and written consent from Agilent Technologies, Inc. as governed by United States and international copyright laws. The material contained in this document is provided “as is,” and is subject to being changed, without notice, in future editions.
Additional Safety Notices The following general safety precautions must be observed during all phases of operation of this instrument. Failure to comply with these precautions or with specific warnings or instructions elsewhere in this manual violates safety standards of design, manufacture, and intended use of the instrument. Agilent Technologies assumes no liability of the customer’s failure to comply with the requirements.
Declaration of Conformity Declarations of Conformity for this product and for other Agilent products may be downloaded from the Internet. There are two methods to obtain the Declaration of Conformity: • Go to http://regulations.corporate.agilent.com/DoC/search.htm . You can then search by product number to find the latest Declaration of Conformity. • Alternately, you can go to the product web page (www.agilent.
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Contents 1 Introduction to the L4400 Series LXI Instruments Instrument Considerations 2 Environmental Operating Conditions Electrical Operating Conditions 3 Interconnection Solutions Overview 2 4 Bench-Top Operation and Instrument Rack Mounting Bench-Top Operation 5 Rack Mounting 5 Procedure 6 5 Applying Power 11 Connecting the Power Cord and Turning On the Instrument 11 2 Software Installation and Configuration Installing the Agilent IO Libraries and L4400 Instrument Drivers Installing the Agilent IO
3 Operating and Programming L4400 Instrument Front Panel Overview The LAN Reset Button 48 The Front Panel LEDs 48 48 L4400 Instrument Rear Panel Overview 50 L4400 Series Channel Addressing Scheme 52 Introduction to the SCPI Command Language 52 Syntax Conventions 53 Command Separators 54 Using the MIN and MAX Parameters 54 Querying Parameter Settings 54 Specifying Channel Lists and Scan Lists 55 L4400 SCPI Command Summary 55 L4400 Series Programming Examples 59 Modifying IVI-COM Examples (.
Using Sequences 89 Defining a Sequence 90 Querying the Sequence Definition 93 Executing a Sequence 93 Executing a Sequence on an Alarm Condition Deleting Sequences 95 Reading the List of Stored Sequences 95 Instrument State Storage Error Conditions 94 96 97 Relay Cycle Count Calibration Overview 98 98 4 L4421A 40-Channel Armature Multiplexer Low Frequency Multiplexer Switch Instrument L4421A Measurement Functions 100 100 L4421A SCPI Command Summary L4421A Example Program Segments 101 103 L4421A 4
6 L4437A General Purpose Switch General Purpose Switch Instrument L4437A SCPI Command Summary 128 130 L4437A Example Program Segments 131 L4437A 32-Channel General Purpose Switch Hardware Description L4437A Simplified Schematic 132 L4437A D-Sub Connectors 133 34937T Terminal Block 134 132 7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver L4445A SCPI Command Summary 136 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver 138 Recommended Switches and Attenuators 141 Power Supplies 142 Channel Numbering 143 Simple Swi
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter L4450A SCPI Command Summary 192 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter Basic Digital I/O Operations 200 Handshaking 203 Buffered I/O Operations 210 Interrupt Lines 213 Byte Ordering 214 Pattern Matching 215 Counter 216 Initiated Measurement Mode 217 Clock 218 L4450A D-Sub Connectors 218 34950T Terminal Block 221 199 9 L4451A 4-Channel Isolated D/A Converter with Waveform Memory L4451A 4-Channel Isolated D/A Converter with Waveform Memory L44
A L4451A and L4452A Calibration Procedures Calibration Procedures 248 Agilent Technologies Calibration Services Calibration Interval 248 Time Required for Calibration 249 Automating Calibration Procedures 249 Recommended Test Equipment 249 Calibration Security 250 Calibration Message 251 Calibration Count 251 Calibration Process 252 Aborting a Calibration in Progress 252 248 Performance Verification Tests 253 L4451A and L4452A Performance Test Considerations L4451A 4-Channel Isolated DAC Module 253 L4452A
Agilent L4400 LXI Class C Instruments User’s Guide 1 Introduction to the L4400 Series LXI Instruments Instrument Considerations 2 Interconnection Solutions Overview 4 Bench-Top Operation and Instrument Rack Mounting Applying Power 11 5 Welcome. The products covered in this user’s guide represent the Agilent L4400 Series of LXI Class C instruments.
1 Introduction to the L4400 Series LXI Instruments Instrument Considerations This section lists important items and actions that can affect the operation of your modules. Environmental Operating Conditions The L4400 Series LXI modules are designed to operate in a temperature range of 0 °C to +55 °C with non- condensing humidity. The maximum humidity is 80% at 40 °C or higher. Do not use in locations where conductive dust or electrolytic salt dust may be present.
Introduction to the L4400 Series LXI Instruments 1 NOT E Pollution Degree 1: No pollution or only dry, non-conductive pollution occurs. The pollution has no influence (on insulation) (IEC 61010-1 2nd Edition). NOT E Pollution Degree 2: Normally only non-conductive pollution occurs. Occasionally, a temporary conductivity (leakage current between isolated conductors) caused by condensation can be expected (IEC 61010-1 2nd Edition).
1 Introduction to the L4400 Series LXI Instruments Interconnection Solutions Overview Depending on your specific requirements, you can connect your DUT to the L4400 LXI instrument using the following optional interconnection solutions. See the L4400 series Product Data Sheets for additional information. The data sheets can be located on the Web at: www.agilent.
Introduction to the L4400 Series LXI Instruments 1 Bench-Top Operation and Instrument Rack Mounting The L4400 series instruments can be located on a bench- top or rack mounted in standard 19- inch EIA rack cabinets. Bench-Top Operation Cooling and ventilation of the L4400 series instruments are through the sides of the instrument chassis. When placed on the bench- top, ensure the sides of the instrument are not directly covered or blocked.
1 Introduction to the L4400 Series LXI Instruments Procedure Figure 1- 1 is a composite drawing of the Y1160A sliding shelf rack mount kit. The drawing shows the location/usage of the hardware items listed in Table 1- 2. 10 3 6 7 8 9 1 5 4 2 Figure 1-1. Y1160A Instrument Rack Mount Kit (L4400 Series).
Introduction to the L4400 Series LXI Instruments 1 The L4400 instrument(s) can be mounted between any two adjacent EIA unit indicators (Figure 1- 2). On Agilent racks, an EIA unit indicator is represented by a triangle ( ) on the rack’s front and rear- facing columns. A single EIA unit extends from the triangle indicator to the next indicator on the column (1 Unit = 44.45 mm = 1.75 in). EIA unit indicators (1 EIA unit) 44.45 mm (1.75 in) 6.35 mm 15.875 mm 15.875 mm 6.35 mm Figure 1-2.
1 Introduction to the L4400 Series LXI Instruments If center- facing columns with holes are present on the frame, insert a clip- on nut on the hole perpendicular to the center hole on the front facing column. See Figure 1- 3. back of rack center-facing colums insert clip nuts on first and third holes between indicators (center of rack) rail “channel insert clip nut if column present insert clip nuts between rack unit indicators front-facing columns Figure 1-3. Rack Column and Shelf Rail Orientation. 2.
Introduction to the L4400 Series LXI Instruments 1 Install the Sliding Shelf Facing the rack, slide the shelf (item 7) onto the bottom surfaces of the rail channels. The tabs at the back of the shelf pass underneath the channel surface. The tabs allow you to extend the shelf from the cabinet, thus providing a working surface for mounting the instruments. Rail channel Shelf tab Bottom surface Figure 1-4. Installing the Shelf.
1 Introduction to the L4400 Series LXI Instruments 4. Install the second L4400 instrument (if present) in the shelf area adjacent to the first instrument. If only one instrument is installed, install a filler panel on the front edge of the unused area. Insert two M4x8 flat head screws (item 1) upward through the bottom of the shelf and into the panel. 5. Connect the instrument power cord, LAN cable, and GPIB cable if present. 6.
Introduction to the L4400 Series LXI Instruments 1 NOT E Refer to Chapters 4-10 for information on Terminal Block wiring and connecting the terminal block to the instrument. Connect the Shelf to the Rack Frame Once the instruments are installed and all power cords and cables are routed as intended, slide the shelf into the cabinet until the shelf handles meet the front- facing columns of the rack frame. Using two10- 32 pan head dress screws (item 2) per column, secure the shelf to the frame.
1 Introduction to the L4400 Series LXI Instruments Refer to Table 3- 1 (Chapter 3) for definitions of the LEDs (ATTN, LAN, PWR) on the L4400 instrument front panel. Power Button Figure 1-6. Location of the L4400 Series Instrument Power Button.
Agilent L4400 LXI Class C Instruments User’s Guide 2 Software Installation and Configuration Installing the Agilent IO Libraries and L4400 Instrument Drivers 14 Configuring the L4400 Instruments 17 GPIB Configuration 33 Firmware Updates 39 Instrument Power-On and Default LAN Configuration States 45 This chapter contains the software installation and configuration procedures required for you to use the L4400 series instruments.
2 Software Installation and Configuration Installing the Agilent IO Libraries and L4400 Instrument Drivers Communication and control of the L4400 series instruments from a Microsoft® programming environment is provided through the following software that is included with the L4400A instruments: • Agilent E2094A IO Libraries Suite 14.
2 Software Installation and Configuration Close all applications on your computer. Insert the Agilent Automation- Ready CD into the CD- ROM drive. Follow the instructions as prompted during the installation. Accept all default directories specified. If the IO libraries installation does not start automatically, select Start > Run from the Windows Start menu and type :\autorun\auto.exe where is the designator of the CD- ROM drive.
2 Software Installation and Configuration Figure 2-2. L4400 Product Reference CD-ROM Software (Driver) Menu Install the appropriate driver from the menu based on the environment you will use to program the L4400 instruments. Table 2-2 contains a list of common environments and corresponding drivers. Accept all default directories specified during installation. Table 2-2. L4400 Programming Environments and Recommended Drivers Programming Environment Recommended Drivers Microsoft® Visual C 6.
2 Software Installation and Configuration Configuring the L4400 Instruments Instrument configuration as applied to the L4400 series of LXI instruments involves the following: • identifying the IP address and host name (LAN programming) • (optional) setting the GPIB address • testing the communication paths (LAN and/or GPIB) to the instrument • opening the Web interface to the instrument Each task listed above is accomplished using the Agilent Connection Expert Feature of the Agilent IO Libraries Suite.
2 Software Installation and Configuration Security: a private network generally involves direct connections between the computer and the instruments, and may include switches and routers. Access to the instrument is limited to users connected directly to the private network, as opposed to users on a site network that could locate and access the instrument from any location - possibly disrupting tests in progress.
Software Installation and Configuration 2 Private Network Connections Figure 2- 3 shows typical LAN cable connections for a private network. Typical Private (isolated) LAN Networks Direct Connection CAT5 Crossover Cable L4400 PC Ethernet Hub / Switch / Router Router / Switch Connection PC L4400 L4400 L4400 L4400 Figure 2-3. Typical Private LAN Network Connections. When making a direct connection between the L4400 instrument and the PC, use the LAN crossover cable provided with the instrument.
2 Software Installation and Configuration Site Network Connections Figure 2- 4 shows typical LAN cable connections for a site network. Typical Site LAN Networks To Site LAN standard LAN cable PC L4400 Ethernet Hub / Switch / Router Router / Switch Connection To Site LAN PC L4400 L4400 L4400 L4400 Figure 2-4. Typical Site LAN Network Connections.
2 Software Installation and Configuration Host Names Each L4400 instrument has a default host name. The format of the host name is: A- L44xxA- yyyyy where ‘L44xxA’ is replaced by the module number (e.g. L4421A) and ‘yyyyy’ are the last five digits of the instrument serial number. The instrument host name is reported by Agilent Connection Expert for network servers that support Dynamic Domain Name Service (DNS). For network servers that do not support Dynamic DNS, only the IP address is reported.
2 Software Installation and Configuration NOT E The procedure for using Agilent Connection Expert to locate and configure L4400 instruments is independent of the type of network you are using (private or site) and the network devices present (switches or routers). For more information on Interactive IO, refer to the Agilent IO Libraries Suite Getting Started Guide.
Software Installation and Configuration 2 Explorer pane Properties pane Figure 2-6. Agilent Connection Expert (ACE) Opening Window. To search the network for instruments, click on “Add Instrument” located on the Connection Expert tool bar. From the “Add Instrument” window, select the LAN (TCPIP0) interface and click on ‘OK’. See Figure 2- 7. Figure 2-7. Agilent Connection Expert “Add Instrument Window”.
2 Software Installation and Configuration Clicking on “Find Instruments” (Figure 2- 8) opens the search window. Clicking on “Find Now” performs the search for instruments on the LAN network. Instruments found (discovered) on the network (local subnet) are indicated as shown. In the Figure 2- 8 example, two instruments were located on the router subnet. Figure 2-8. L4400 Instrument Private LAN Connection.
Software Installation and Configuration Click either to test connection 2 Note serial number to identify multiple instruments Figure 2-9. Verifying a Communication Path to the Instrument. The LAN Instrument window identifies the instrument’s host name, its IP address, its VISA address, and product number. Because the network server used in this example does not support Dynamic DNS, the host name is not registered for use by the server. Thus, the instrument is accessed by its IP address.
2 Software Installation and Configuration Figure 2-10. Configured Instruments added to LAN Network. Interactive IO The Interactive IO feature of Agilent Connection Expert allows you to interact with the instruments by sending commands and seeing the instruments’ responses.
Software Installation and Configuration 2 Select Interactive IO Select (highlight) instrument Figure 2-11. Selecting an Instrument and Starting Interactive IO. Identifying the Instruments L4400 series instruments are comprised of the carrier, the instrument sub- assembly, and on selected instruments, a wiring terminal block. The carrier and instrument sub- assembly have separate serial numbers and separate firmware revisions.
2 Software Installation and Configuration *IDN? Agilent Technologies, L4421A, MY00012345, 0.12-0.04-0.00-0.00 product SYST:CTYP? 1 carrier serial number carrier firmware revision Agilent Technologies,L4421A, MY44000237, 2.16 product SYST:CDES? 1 sub-assembly serial number sub-assembly firmware revision “40-Channel Armature Multiplexer with Low Thermal Offset” Using the Instrument Web Interface Each L4400 series instrument can be programmed using its Web- based interface.
Software Installation and Configuration 2 Select the instrument / open the Web interface Figure 2-12. Opening the Instrument Web Interface.
2 Software Installation and Configuration An example of the Web interface window is shown in Figure 2- 13. Figure 2-13. L4450A Web Interface (Welcome Page). NOT E Instruments on the network can be physically identified by selecting Turn on Front Panel Identification Indicator within the Web interface. This causes the instrument’s front panel LAN LED to flash continually until Turn off Front Panel Identification Indicator is selected.
Software Installation and Configuration 2 On the Web “welcome page”, click ‘View and Modify Configuration’. This opens the configuration window shown in Figure 2- 14. Figure 2-14. Viewing LAN Configuration Settings from the Web Interface.
2 Software Installation and Configuration Clicking ‘Modify Configuration’ opens the window shown in Figure 2- 15 which allows you to edit the parameters shown. Figure 2-15. Changing the Instrument LAN Interface Configuration. NOT E Selecting “Help with this Page” on any Web interface window provides information on the use of the current Web interface page. Selecting “Help with this Page”on the “Browser Web Control” page provides a listing of the help contents.
Software Installation and Configuration 2 GPIB Configuration NOT E The following information assumes the GPIB interface card has been installed in your computer. If necessary, install the card as instructed by the documentation provided with the card. The L4400 series instruments are available with an optional GPIB interface.
2 Software Installation and Configuration Adding Instruments to the GPIB Configuration Highlight the GPIB interface (GPIB0) and select “Add Instrument” on the tool bar. Select the GPIB interface in the “Add Instrument” window and click ‘OK’. Figure 2-16. Adding Instruments to the GPIB Interface. In the ‘configurable properties’ window shown in Figure 2- 17, select GPIB address 9 and click ‘OK’. This is the factory default address that will be changed as necessary in the following steps. Figure 2-17.
Software Installation and Configuration 2 Verifying the GPIB Path In the Agilent Connection Expert window, select and open ‘Interactive IO’. Verify communication to the instrument by sending the *IDN? command using Send & Read below the command line. Figure 2-18. GPIB Communication Using the Default GPIB Address. The GPIB Address String When programming the L4400 instruments over GPIB, the instrument’s GPIB address is included in the address string.
2 Software Installation and Configuration Figure 2-19. In this example, the GPIB address is set to 10. Figure 2-19. Setting the GPIB Address Using the Interactive IO Window. Once the address is changed within the instrument, the address must also be changed in the Agilent Connection Expert’s “configuration tables.
2 Software Installation and Configuration From the Agilent Connection Expert main window, highlight the instrument added and then click ‘Change Properties ...”. Within the configurable properties window, change the address of the instrument from ‘9’ to ‘10’ and click ‘OK’. Highlight instrument and select, change address to ‘10’. Figure 2-20. Changing the GPIB Address within Configuration Expert.
2 Software Installation and Configuration ‘10’, you can send the *IDN? command and verify the response from the instrument. Figure 2-21. Connecting to GPIB Address 10 using Interactive IO. Adding Additional Instruments Additional instruments are added to the GPIB configuration using the process described earlier. The steps are summarized as follows and assume the GPIB cable has been connected between the computer and the new instrument. 1. Turn on the “next” L4400 instrument.
2 Software Installation and Configuration Firmware Updates Firmware updates for the L4400 series instruments consist of updates to the instrument carrier firmware, and if necessary, an update of the instrument module firmware. The updates are made available via the Web. The firmware is installed using the Agilent L4400 Firmware Update Utility, also available on the web.
2 Software Installation and Configuration Downloading and Installing the Instrument Firmware Once the utility is saved, return to the Web page and click on: Agilent Firmware Revision Save the firmware file to a directory on your PC (e.g. Temp). Note the directory location as you will need to specify the path to the firmware file when you run the firmware update utility.
Software Installation and Configuration 2 Click ‘Next’ until the window shown in Figure 2-22 appears. Figure 2-22. Firmware Update Utility Firmware File Selection. 2. Using the ‘Browse’ button, specify the path to the firmware file and then click ‘Next’. NOT E L4400 User’s Guide The ‘Applicable Model’ window lists the L4400 series instruments which are updateable by the current firmware (.xs) image. The window is NOTused to select the instrument receiving the firmware update.
2 Software Installation and Configuration 3. Select the I/O interface to be used to upgrade the instrument firmware and then select ‘Next’ (Figure 2- 23). Figure 2-23. Selecting the Instrument Interface. 4. If the LAN interface is selected (Figure 2- 23), enter the instrument host name or IP address and click ‘Update’. If the GPIB interface is used, select the instrument’s GPIB address.
Software Installation and Configuration 2 The firmware update process takes several minutes. The instrument’s front panel ATTN indicator will flash green while the update is in progress. enter host name or IP address Figure 2-23. Entering the Instrument Host Name or IP Address. When the update to the instrument carrier firmware is complete, the results are indicated as shown in Figure 2- 24.
2 Software Installation and Configuration Figure 2-24. Instrument Firmware Update Complete. 5. Once the carrier update AND instrument sub- assembly update (if one occurs) complete and no instrument activity is indicated by the front panel LEDs, cycle power on the instrument. Once the power- on sequence completes, select ‘Refresh All’ in the Agilent Connection Expert (Figure 2- 10). Agilent Connection Expert may report that the instrument’s configuration has changed.
Software Installation and Configuration 2 Instrument Power-On and Default LAN Configuration States The L4400 series instruments covered in this user’s guide are set to their power on and preset states using any one the following commands: *RST SYSTem:CPON 1 SYSTem:PRESet Table 2- 3 lists the power- on and preset states for each instrument. Table 2-3.
2 Software Installation and Configuration Table 2-4. Default LAN Configuration Settings. Default (Reset) Setting LAN Parameter 46 DHCP ON Automatic IP Addressing ON IP Settings if DHCP Server Unavailable IP Address: 169.254.44.88 (default) Subnet Mask: 255.255.0.0 Default Gateway: 0.0.0.0 DNS Server 0.0.0.
Agilent L4400 LXI Class C Instruments User’s Guide 3 Operating and Programming L4400 Instrument Front Panel Overview 48 L4400 Instrument Rear Panel Overview 50 L4400 Series Channel Addressing Scheme 52 Introduction to the SCPI Command Language 52 L4400 SCPI Command Summary 55 L4400 Series Programming Examples 59 Analog Bus Applications 65 User-Defined Channel Labels 68 Scanning Applications 69 Scanning with External Instruments 81 Alarm Limits 84 Using Sequences 89 Instrument State Storage 96 Error Conditi
3 Operating and Programming L4400 Instrument Front Panel Overview LXI instruments within the the L4400 family consist of the instrument carrier, an instrument sub- assembly, and if applicable, a wiring terminal block. The front panel of an L4400 instrument is shown in Figure 3- 1. Power LAN Reset Instrument carrier Instrument sub-assembly Figure 3-1. L4400 Instrument Front Panel (L4421A shown).
3 Operating and Programming Table 3-1. L4400 LED Definitions and Instrument Status. LED L4400 User’s Guide Color Condition ATTN LAN PWR Off Off Off Instrument is not turned on, and may or may not be connected to line power. ATTN LAN PWR flashing flashing Green Power-on/boot-up. ATTN and LAN will flash red and then green during the power-on self-test. ATTN LAN PWR Off Green Green LAN connection - instrument has an IP address ATTN LAN PWR Off Green (flashing) Green Instrument identification.
3 Operating and Programming L4400 Instrument Rear Panel Overview The rear panel of an L4400 series instrument is shown in Figure 3- 2. Note that the ports and connectors available are based on the instrument’s options and functionality. External Trigger/Alarm DIO Port LAN Reset GPIB Interface (optional) Analog Bus Port LAN Port Power Figure 3-2. L4400 Instrument Rear Panel (L4421A shown).
3 Operating and Programming See “Scanning with External Instruments” later in this chapter for information on how the analog bus is used for scanning a channel list with an external DMM. Ext Trig/Alarms/DIO Port The external trigger, alarms, and DIO port enables you to synchronize scanning between a switching instrument such as the L4421A and an external DMM. The port also allows you to output alarm signals to an external device or control system.
3 Operating and Programming instrument must be used when connecting the L4400 instrument directly (without a switch or router) to the computer. See “Connecting the LAN Cables” in Chapter 2 for more information. L4400 Series Channel Addressing Scheme The channel addressing scheme for the L4400 series LXI instuments uses the form 1ccc where ccc is the three- digit channel number. Following are examples of the scheme. Refer to the individual instrument chapters for more information on channel numbering.
3 Operating and Programming ROUTe is the root keyword of the command, MONitor is a second- level keywords, CHANnel is a third- level keyword, and so on. A colon ( : ) separates a command keyword from a lower- level keyword.
3 Operating and Programming Command Separators A colon ( : ) is used to separate a command keyword from a lower- level keyword. A blank space separates the keyword from the first parameter. If a command has more than one parameter, the subsequent parameters are separated by commas as shown below: ROUT:CHAN:DRIV:PULS:WIDTh 0.010, (@1201,1202) Linking Commands A semicolon ( ; ) is used to separate IEEE- 448.2 common commands and commands at the same “node” within the same subsystem.
3 Operating and Programming Specifying Channel Lists and Scan Lists A command’s channel list () or scan list () parameter is used to specify a single channel, multiple channels, or a range of channels. The channel and scan lists must be preceded with the "@" symbol and must be enclosed in parentheses.
3 Operating and Programming Table 3-3. L4400 Series SCPI Command Summary.
3 Operating and Programming IEEE-488 Commands SYSTem (System-Related Commands) L4400 User’s Guide *CLS *ESE *ESE? *ESR? *IDN? *OPC *OPC? *RCL {1|2|3|4|5} *RST *SAV {1|2|3|4|5} *SRE *SRE? *STB? *TRG *TST? *WAI *IDN? *RST *TST SYSTem:CDEScription[:LONG]? 1 SYSTem:CDEScription:SHORt? 1 SYSTem:COMMunicate:ENABle {OFF|0|ON|1},{GPIB|LAN|SOCKets|TELNet|VXI11|WEB} SYSTem:COMMunicate:ENABle? {GPIB|LAN|SOCKets| TELNet|VXI11|WEB} SYSTem:COMMunicate:GPIB:ADDRess SYSTem:COMM
3 Operating and Programming SYSTem (LAN Configuration) 58 SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:AUTOip {OFF|0|ON|1} SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:AUTOip? SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:BSTatus? SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:CONTrol? SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:DHCP {OFF|0|ON|1} SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:DHCP? SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:DNS “
” SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:DNS? SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:DOMain "" SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:DOMain? [{CURRent|STATic}] SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:GATEway SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:GATEway? [{CURRent|STA3 Operating and Programming L4400 Series Programming Examples The L4400 series Product Reference CD- ROM (part number 34989- 13601) contains progamming examples to familiarize you with the operation of selected L4400 instruments. Once communication paths to the instruments have been set (Chapter 2), the examples can be used as an introduction to the sequence of commands necessary to program the functions available with the instruments.
3 Operating and Programming C# Once the development environment opens, select the example source code file (.cs extension) of the same name. Locate the “Initialize” function and change the address string. Figure 3- 5 shows where the address string is changed within the source code for program “MultifunctionExample.sln. change address string example source code Figure 3-5. Changing the Instrument Address String (IVI-COM Programs). Visual Basic.NET When using the IVI- COM examples with Visual BASIC.
3 Operating and Programming Figure 3- 6 is an example of the window used during program execution to change the address string. click to start program enter address string Figure 3-6. Changing the Address String (IVI-COM / Visual Basic.NET). Visual Basic 6.0 To modify IVI- COM examples with Visual Basic 6.0, open the example by double- clicking the example name with the .vbp extension. When using Visual BASIC 6.
3 Operating and Programming Locate “InitWithOptions” and change the address string as shown in the example of Figure 3- 7. change address string example source code Figure 3-7. Changing the Instrument Address String (IVI-C Programs). Modifying VISA and VISA COM Examples Agilent VISA examples are available with the Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 and Visual Basic 6.0 environments.
3 Operating and Programming Locate “DEFAULT_LOGICAL_ADDRESS” and change the address string as shown in the example of Figure 3- 8. change address string double-click to view source code Figure 3-8. Changing the Instrument Address String (VISA Programs). Visual Basic 6.0 To modify VISA examples with Visual Basic 6.0, open the example by double- clicking the example name with the .vbp extension. When using Visual BASIC 6.
3 Operating and Programming Once the Visual Basic environment opens, start the program using the “Start” arrow shown in Figure 3- 9. The program prompts you for the instrument address as shown. “Start” arrow IO address dialog box Figure 3-9. Changing the Address String (VISA COM Programs). Using L4400 Instruments in Agilent 34980A Applications The L4400 series LXI instruments have counterparts that are available as plug- in modules for the Agilent 34980A Multifunction Switch/Measure Unit.
3 Operating and Programming Because of the similarity in products, code and applications can be leveraged and ported between an L4400 instrument and its 34980A module counterpart. Porting Applications The programming examples on the L4400 Product Reference CD- ROM as well as all application programs contain a function that opens a “session” to, and initializes the instrument.
3 Operating and Programming Environmental Operating Conditions The L4400 series instruments are designed to operate in a temperature range of 0 °C to +55 °C with non- condensing humidity. The maximum humidity is 80% at 40 °C or higher. Do not use in locations where conductive dust or electrolytic salt dust may be present. The L4400 instruments should be operated in an indoor environment where temperature and humidity are controlled. Condensation can pose a potential shock hazard.
3 Operating and Programming The lightning- caused transient overvoltages that may occasionally occur on mains power outlets may be as high as 2500 Vpeak. WA RNING Do not connect the Analog Buses directly to a mains power outlet. If it is necessary to measure a mains voltage or any circuit where a large inductive load may be switched, you must add signal conditioning elements to reduce the potential transients before they reach the Analog Buses.
3 Operating and Programming • The simulation setting is stored in volatile memory and will be lost when power is turned off. To re- enable the simulation mode after power has been off, you must send the command again. The command used is: SYSTem:ABUS:INTerlock:SIMulate {OFF|ON} User-Defined Channel Labels Usage: • All L4400 series instruments You can assign user- defined labels to any channel, including Analog Bus channels on the L4421A and L4433A instruments.
3 Operating and Programming The following command clears all user- defined channel labels on the instrument and restores the factory- default labels. ROUT:CHAN:LABEL:CLEAR:MOD 1 Scanning Applications Usage: • L4421A 40- Channel Armature Multiplexer • L4450A 64- Bit Digital I/O (digital input, counter channels only) • L4452A Multifunction Module (digital input, totalizer channels only) Channels on selected L4400 series instruments can be “scanned” by separate devices such as a DMM.
3 Operating and Programming • Each time you start a new scan, the instrument clears all readings (including alarm data) stored in reading memory from the previous scan. Therefore, the contents of memory are always from the most recent scan. • The Analog Bus relays are automatically opened and closed as required during the scan to place the signal on the analog bus.
3 Operating and Programming • While the scan is running, you can perform low- level control operations on any channels on the digital modules that are not in the scan. For example, you can output a DAC voltage or write to a digital channel (even if the totalizer is part of the scan list). However, you cannot change any parameters that affect the scan (channel configuration, scan interval, Card Reset, etc.) while a scan is running.
3 Operating and Programming Scan Trigger Source Usage: • L4421A 40- Channel Armature Multiplexer • L4450A 64- Bit Digital I/O (digital input, counter channels only) • L4452A Multifunction Module (digital input, totalizer channels only) You can configure the event or action that controls the onset of each sweep through the scan list (a sweep is one pass through the scan list): • You can set the instrument’s internal timer to automatically scan at a specific interval.
3 Operating and Programming • Mx+B scaling and alarm limits (L4450A, L4452A) are applied to measurements during a scan and all data is stored in volatile memory. • The CONFigure and MEASure? commands (L4450A, L4452A) automatically set the scan interval to immediate (0 seconds) and the scan count to 1 sweep. • The instrument sets the scan interval to immediate (0 seconds) after a Factory Reset (*RST command).
3 Operating and Programming Scanning on Alarm Usage: • L4450A 64- Bit Digital I/O (counter channels only) • L4452A Multifunction Module (totalizer channels only) In this configuration, the instrument initiates a scan each time a reading crosses an alarm limit on a channel. You can also assign alarms to channels on the digital modules.
3 Operating and Programming Note: To stop a scan, send the ABORt command. Externally Triggering a Scan In this configuration, the instrument sweeps through the scan list once each time a low- going TTL pulse is received on the rear- panel Ext Trig Input line (pin 6). • You can specify a scan count which sets the number of external pulses the instrument will accept before terminating the scan. See “Trigger Count” for more information.
3 Operating and Programming • You can store at least 500,000 readings in memory and all readings are automatically time stamped. If memory overflows, the new readings will overwrite the first (oldest) readings stored; the most recent readings are always preserved. • You can specify a trigger count in conjunction with a sweep count. The two parameters operate independent of one another, and the total number of readings returned will be the product of the two parameters.
3 Operating and Programming • You can specify a sweep count in conjunction with a trigger count and a sample count. The three parameters operate independent of one another, and the total number of readings returned will be the product of the three parameters. • You can store at least 500,000 readings in memory and all readings are automatically time stamped. If memory overflows, the new readings will overwrite the first (oldest) readings stored; the most recent readings are always preserved.
3 Operating and Programming Scan List t Ch 1 t1 Ch 2 t2 Ch 3 t3 Ch 4 t4 Ch 5 t5 Ch 6 t6 t Channel Delay (0 to 60 seconds) Figure 3-12. Channel Delay. • You can set the channel delay to any value between 0 seconds and 60 seconds, with 1 ms resolution. You can select a different delay for each channel. • You can select a unique delay for every channel on the module. • The channel delay is valid only while scanning.
3 Operating and Programming Reading Format Usage: • L4450A 64- Bit Digital I/O (digital input, counter channels only) • L4452A Multifunction Module (digital input, totalizer channels only) During a scan, the instrument automatically adds a time stamp to all readings and stores them in memory. Each reading is stored with measurement units, time stamp, channel number, and alarm status information. You can specify which information you want returned with the readings.
3 Operating and Programming • If you define a scan list with the sequential mode enabled and later disable the mode, the scan list will not be reordered; however, the scan list will be treated as a non- sequential list thereafter. • If you have defined a scan list with the sequential mode disabled (OFF) and later enable the mode, the channels will be reordered.
3 Operating and Programming • The Monitor mode is automatically enabled on all channels that are part of the active scan list. If you define the scan list after monitoring has already been enabled, any channels that are not part of the active scan list will be ignored during the monitor operation (no error is generated). • Mx+B scaling and alarm limits are applied to the selected channel during a Monitor and all alarm data is stored in the alarm queue (which will be cleared if power fails).
3 Operating and Programming DMM Input Channels Common Terminals (COM) H L Figure 3-13. Scanning with External Instruments. Figure 3- 14 shows the connections required to make a series (scan) of two- wire measurements (e.g. ohms, DCV) using ABus1 of the L4421A . Sequence The L4421A outputs a Channel Closed pulse on pin 5 of its Ext Trig connector when a relay is closed and has fully settled (including any channel delay).
3 Operating and Programming This handshake sequence continues until all channels are scanned and the programmed number of passes (sweeps) through the scan list are complete. 5 9 DMM L4421A ABus1-Lo 1 HI HI LO LO 6 I VM Complete (Out) ABus1-Hi Channel advance (in) 1 6 Channel closed (out) Ext Trig (In) 5 9 Gnd Figure 3-14. External Scanning Using the L4421A and a DMM. • In this configuration, you must set up a scan list to include all desired multiplexer channels.
3 Operating and Programming • You can configure the list of channels for 4- wire external scanning. When enabled, the instrument automatically pairs channel n in Bank 1 with channel n+20 in Bank 2 to provide the source and sense connections. For example, make the source connections to the HI and LO terminals on channel 2 in Bank 1 and the sense connections to the HI and LO terminals on channel 22 (or 37) in Bank 2. To configure the instrument for 4- wire external scanning, send the following command.
3 Operating and Programming • If an alarm event occurs on a channel as it is being scanned, then that channel’s alarm status is stored in instrument memory as the readings are taken. Each reading that is outside the specified alarm limits is logged in memory. You can store at least 500,000 readings in memory during a scan. You can read the contents of instrument memory at any time, even during a scan. Instrument memory is not cleared when you read it.
3 Operating and Programming • Two TTL alarm outputs are available on the rear- panel Alarms connector (Figure 3- 4). You can use these hardware outputs to trigger external alarm lights, sirens, or send a TTL pulse to your control system. You can also initiate a scan sweep (no external wiring required) when an alarm event is logged on a channel. For complete details, refer to “Using the Alarm Output Lines" on page 88. • A Factory Reset (*RST command) clears all alarm limits and turns off all alarms.
3 Operating and Programming Select EQUal to generate an alarm when the data read from the port is equal to CALC:COMP:DATA after being masked by CALC:COMP:MASK. Select NEQual (not equal) to generate an alarm when the data read from the port is not equal to CALC:COMP:DATA after being masked by CALC:COMP:MASK. Use CALC:COMP:MASK to designate the “don’t care” bits. Bits that you set to “0” in the mask are ignored. To enable the specified alarm mode, send the following command.
3 Operating and Programming Using the Alarm Output Lines As mentioned, there are Alarms connector. Each all channels assigned to associated channels will two TTL alarm lines available on the rear- panel alarm output line represents the logical “OR” of that alarm number (an alarm on any of the pulse the line). The connector is shown below: Alarm 1 output (pin 1) Alarm 2 output (pin 2) 1 6 5 or 9 Gnd (pin 9) Figure 3-15. The L4400 Series Rear Panel Alarm Connector.
3 Operating and Programming To clear the specified output line (or to clear both lines), use one of the following commands. OUTPUT:ALARM2:CLEAR OUTPUT:ALARM:CLEAR:ALL Clear alarm output line 2 Clear both alarm outputs To select the output configuration for the output lines, use the following command. OUTPut:ALARm:MODE {LATCh|TRACk} To configure the slope of the output lines, use the following command.
3 Operating and Programming Sequence Management ROUTe:SEQuence:CATalog? ROUTe:SEQuence:DELete:ALL ROUTe:SEQuence:DELete[:NAME] Returns list of defined sequence names. Deletes all sequences from memory. Deletes specified sequence from memory. Alarm Limits OUTPut:ALARm{1-2}:SEQuence? ROUTe:SEQuence:TRIGger:SOURce , ROUTe:SEQuence:TRIGger:SOURce? Returns sequence associated with alarm. Assigns trigger source to sequence. Returns trigger source currently selected.
3 Operating and Programming L4445A ROUTe:ClOSe (@) ROUTe:OPEN (@) ROUTe:MODule:WAIT {1|ALL} ROUTe:SEQuence:TRIGger[:IMMediate] SYSTem:DELay[:IMMediate]
3 Operating and Programming • When a sequence is defined, the specified commands are checked for proper syntax and absolute parameter range limits. If an error is detected during compilation, the entire sequence will be discarded. More extensive error checking, such as channel range expansion and validation, is performed when the sequence is executed.
3 Operating and Programming Querying the Sequence Definition Once you have defined a sequence, you can query the definition to review what SCPI commands have been assigned. • The exact text specified in the original sequence definition is not preserved when the sequence is compressed/stored in memory. Therefore, the string returned may not be identical to the original string, but it will be functionally equivalent. If the specified sequence name is not currently stored in memory, an error is generated.
3 Operating and Programming • A sequence may invoke another sequence. but may not invoke itself recursively. In addition, the number of invocations is limited to four levels of nesting and this is enforced at the time of execution. Exceeding the limit will abort the sequence and an error will be generated. • You can also execute a sequence when an alarm condition is reached. See “Executing a Sequence on an Alarm Condition" on page 94 for more information.
3 Operating and Programming The following program segment selects the alarm source and configures the instrument (L4450A) to execute the sequence named “TOTAL_1” when an alarm (count of 50) is reported on Alarm 1. The Monitor mode is used to evaluate alarm conditions on the selected channel. ROUT:SEQ:DEF TOTAL_1,"SYST:DEL 1000" CALC:LIM:UPP 10.
3 Operating and Programming MYSEQ_1,PATH_DUT1,SW_PATH2 If no sequence names have been stored, a null string (“ ”) string is returned. Instrument State Storage Usage: • All L4400 Series Instruments The L4400 series instruments have five storage locations in non- volatile memory numbered 1 through 5 to store instrument states. A sixth location stores the instrument’s power down state which is restored when the instrument is turned back on.
3 Operating and Programming Error Conditions Usage: • All L4400 Series Instruments When the L4400 instrument’s front panel ATTN LED is red, one or more command syntax or hardware errors have been detected. A record of up to 20 errors can be stored in the instrument’s error queue. For a complete listing of the error messages, see the Programmer’s Reference Help file located on the Agilent L4400 Product Reference CD- ROM that ships with the instrument.
3 Operating and Programming Relay Cycle Count Usage: • L4421A 40- Channel Armature Multiplexer • L4433A Dual/Quad 4x8 Reed Matrix • L4437A General Purpose Switch • L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator The number of relay cycles can be determined to help you predict relay end- of- life. The instrument counts the cycles on each relay and stores the total count in non- volatile memory. • In addition to the channel relays, you can also query the count on the Analog Bus relays and bank relays.
Agilent L4400 LXI Class C Instruments User’s Guide 4 L4421A 40-Channel Armature Multiplexer Low Frequency Multiplexer Switch Instrument 100 L4421A Measurement Functions 100 L4421A SCPI Command Summary 101 L4421A Example Program Segments 103 L4421A 40-Channel Armature Multiplexer Hardware Description 34921T Terminal Block 108 Agilent Technologies 104 99
4 L4421A 40-Channel Armature Multiplexer Low Frequency Multiplexer Switch Instrument The L4421A low frequency multiplexer (MUX) switch module features two banks of channels that provide broad multiplexing and measuring capabilities. You can close more than one channel in each bank simultaneously (N:1 configuration) on the multiplexer. NOT E Safety Interlock The Analog Buses of the L4400 series instruments are capable of carrying 300V signals.
4 L4421A 40-Channel Armature Multiplexer Table 4-1. L4421A Supported Measurement Functions.
4 L4421A 40-Channel Armature Multiplexer (Switch Control) (Sequence Operation) SENSe (Temperature Sensing) SYSTem 102 ROUTe:CHANnel:DELay:AUTO {OFF|0|ON|1}, (@ch_list) ROUTe:CHANnel:DELay:AUTO? (@) ROUTe:CHANnel:FWIRe {OFF|0|ON|1}, (@) ROUTe:SCAN (@) ROUTe:SCAN? ROUTe:SCAN:ADD (@) ROUTe:SCAN:ORDered {OFF|0|ON|1} ROUTe:SCAN:ORDered? ROUTe:SCAN:REMove (@) ROUTe:SCAN:SIZE? ROUTe:CHANnel:LABel:CLEar:MODule 1 ROUTe:CHANnel:LABel[:DEFine] "
4 L4421A 40-Channel Armature Multiplexer TRIGger (Triggering Commands) TRIGger:COUNt {|MIN|MAX|DEF|INFinity} TRIGger:COUNt? [{MIN|MAX}] TRIGger:DELay:AUTO {OFF|0|ON|1} TRIGger:DELay:AUTO? TRIGger:SOURce {IMMediate|BUS|EXTernal|TIMer} TRIGger:SOURce? TRIGger:TIMer {|MIN|MAX|DEF} TRIGger:TIMer? [{MIN|MAX}] DIAGnostic DIAGnostic:RELay:CYCLes? (@) DIAGnostic:RELay:CYCLes:CLEar (@) L4421A Example Program Segments The following sections contain example program segments of c
4 L4421A 40-Channel Armature Multiplexer Example: Querying channels for open or close state The following command returns a 1 (true) or 0 (false) state of channel 036.
4 L4421A 40-Channel Armature Multiplexer ABus1 and ABus2 you can connect any of the channels to a DMM for voltage or resistance measurements. Refer to the simplified schematic on page 106. NOT E ABus1 consists of three wires that are used for current and voltage measurements. You cannot measure current and voltage on ABus1 simultaneously. You can control each of the channel switches individually, and thus configure the instrument in these modes: • two independent 20- channel 2- wire MUXes.
4 L4421A 40-Channel Armature Multiplexer L4421A Simplified Schematic This drawing shows the L4421A configured as two independent 20- channel 2- wire MUXes. NOTE: The three-digit number assigned to each switch represents the channel number.
4 L4421A 40-Channel Armature Multiplexer L4421A D-Sub Connectors Bank 1 Bank 2 Bank 1 For orientation, the D-sub connector end of the module is facing you. *TSIL represents Temperature Sensor Interface Line. This line is used for temperature interface only. 1H 1L 2H 2L 3H 3L 1 2 3 4 5 6 TSIL* 11H 11L 18 20 GND 6H 34 WARNING WARNING:: As a safety feature, interlock 1 pins (17 and 33) on Bank 1 must be shorted to enable the Bank 1 Analog Bus relays to close.
4 L4421A 40-Channel Armature Multiplexer 34921T Terminal Block This terminal block with screw- type connections is labeled with the model number and the abbreviated module name. NOT E All modules that connect to the analog bus are interlock protected. This means that when an installed module is exposed (no terminal block or cable is connected), the analog bus relays are open and disconnected from the analog buses. See page 100 for further information.
4 L4421A 40-Channel Armature Multiplexer Warning -the insulation of the wiring used with the terminal block must be rated for the highest voltage that will be present on the terminal block or on the analog bus. 34921T Terminal Block.
4 L4421A 40-Channel Armature Multiplexer THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY BLANK 110 L4400 User’s Guide
Agilent L4400 LXI Class C Instruments User’s Guide 5 L4433A Dual/Quad 4x8 Reed Matrix Matrix Switch Instrument 112 L4433A SCPI Command Summary 113 L4433A Example Program Segments 114 Linking Multiple L4433A Instruments 116 L4433A Dual/Quad 4x8 Reed Matrix Hardware Description 34933T-001 Terminal Block for Two-Wire Mode 122 34933T-002 Terminal Block for One-Wire Mode 126 Agilent Technologies 118 111
5 L4433A Dual/Quad 4x8 Reed Matrix Matrix Switch Instrument The L4433A Dual/Quad 4x8 Reed Matrix switch offers a convenient way for you to connect multiple instruments to multiple points on your DUT. For a lower cost and better specification alternative, you can connect both the L4433A matrix instrument and the L4421A multiplexer instrument. Although flexible, it is possible to connect more than one source at the same time with the matrix.
5 L4433A Dual/Quad 4x8 Reed Matrix L4433A SCPI Command Summary Table 5- 1 lists the instrument- specific SCPI commands that apply to the L4433A Dual/Quad 4x8 Reed Matrix. Table 3- 3 (Chapter 3) lists the SCPI commands that apply to all L4400 series instruments. For complete information on all SCPI commands, refer to the Programmer’s Reference contained on the L4400 Product Reference CD- ROM (p/n 34989- 13601). Table 5-1.
5 L4433A Dual/Quad 4x8 Reed Matrix L4433A Example Program Segments The following sections contain example program segments of commonly used instrument functions. . The channel addressing scheme used in these examples follow the general form 1ccc where ccc is the three- digit channel number. The channel numbers for the L4433A are derived as follows: Two-wire mode: For two- wire mode, the channel numbers are derived from the crosspoint or intersection of rows and columns, columns having two digits.
5 L4433A Dual/Quad 4x8 Reed Matrix Opening and Closing Channels Example: Closing and opening matrix channels (two-wire mode) The following commands close and open channels 311 and 312 through 315 of the L4433A in 2- wire mode. The channel number represents the matrix crosspoint of a row (one digit) and a column (two digits). For example, channel 311 represents crosspoint at row 3 and column 11.
5 L4433A Dual/Quad 4x8 Reed Matrix Example: Querying channels for open or close state The following command returns a 1 (true) or 0 (false) state of channel 204. ROUTe:CLOSe (@1204) ROUTe:CLOSe? (@1204) !Returns a 1 ROUTe:OPEN? (@1204) !Returns a 0 Example: Querying the system for module Identify The following command returns the identity of the L4433A: SYSTem:CTYPe? 1 NOT E For the L4433A, the query response may include a suffix to indicate a 1-wire configuration.
5 L4433A Dual/Quad 4x8 Reed Matrix Note that the presence of in- rush resistors on the analog busses and columns require additional consideration, and you must take care when linking multiple L4433As. See the simplified schematics on page 120 and page 124.
5 L4433A Dual/Quad 4x8 Reed Matrix L4433A Dual/Quad 4x8 Reed Matrix Hardware Description You can configure the L4433A dual/quad 4x8 reed matrix for 2- wire (differential) mode or 1- wire (single- ended) mode. The L4433A contains 100 in- rush resistors that are used to protect the reed relays from reactive loads.
5 L4433A Dual/Quad 4x8 Reed Matrix One-Wire Mode To physically configure the module in 1- wire mode, use the 34933T- 002 terminal block, or a compatible standard or custom cable. If using a standard or custom cable, make sure you connect interlock pins 17 and 33 on the Matrix 2 D- sub connector. Refer to the pinout drawing and table on page 125.
5 L4433A Dual/Quad 4x8 Reed Matrix L4433A Simplified Schematic for Two-Wire Mode Matrix 1 Col 1H Col 1L C1H C1L C1H bypass C1L bypass H L Col 2H Col 2L C2H C2L C2H bypass C2L bypass H L Col 8H Col 8L C8H C8L C8H bypass C8L bypass H L H Row 1 NOTE: Matrix Relays: Reed non-latching Analog Bus relays: Armature NOTE: Although columns are numbered the same on Matrix 1 and Matrix 2, they are electrically separate from one another.
5 L4433A Dual/Quad 4x8 Reed Matrix L4433A D-Sub Connectors for Two-Wire Mode Matrix For orientation, the D-sub connector end of the module is facing you.
5 L4433A Dual/Quad 4x8 Reed Matrix 34933T-001 Terminal Block for Two-Wire Mode This terminal block with screw- type connections is labeled with the model number and the abbreviated module name. 122 NOT E All modules that connect to the analog bus are interlock protected. This means that when an installed module is exposed (no terminal block or cable is connected), the analog bus relays, which are on Matrix 2, are open and disconnected from the analog buses. See page 112 for further information.
5 L4433A Dual/Quad 4x8 Reed Matrix Warning -the insulation of the wiring used with the terminal block must be rated for the highest voltage that will be present on the terminal block or on the analog bus. Although columns are numbered the same on Matrix 1 and Matrix 2, they are electrically separate from one another (e.g., Col C2). COLU When using the 34933T terminal block for 2- wire mode, access is provided to the bypass columns through the columns labeled C9 through C16.
5 L4433A Dual/Quad 4x8 Reed Matrix L4433A Simplified Schematic for One-Wire Mode NOTE: Although rows are numbered the same across the matrices, they are electrically separate from one another.
5 L4433A Dual/Quad 4x8 Reed Matrix L4433A D-Sub Connectors for One-Wire Mode Matrices 1 & 2 Matrices 1 and 2 1C4 2C4 1 2 NC 1C4 2C4 bypass bypass 3 4 18 19 2R4 1C5 2C5 5 6 7 8 21 20 For orientation, the D-sub connector end of the module is facing you.
5 L4433A Dual/Quad 4x8 Reed Matrix 34933T-002 Terminal Block for One-Wire Mode This terminal block with screw- type connections is labeled with the model number and the abbreviated module name. NOT E All modules that connect to the analog bus are interlock protected. This means that when an installed module is exposed (no terminal block or cable is connected), the analog bus relays and current channels are open and disconnected from the analog buses. See page 112 for further information.
Agilent L4400 LXI Class C Instruments User’s Guide 6 L4437A General Purpose Switch General Purpose Switch Instrument 128 L4437A SCPI Command Summary 130 L4437A Example Program Segments 131 L4437A 32-Channel General Purpose Switch Hardware Description 132 Agilent Technologies 127
6 L4437A General Purpose Switch General Purpose Switch Instrument The L4437A General Purpose (GP) switch can be used to route signals or control other system devices. • The L4437A provides independent control of 32 latching relays: • Twenty- eight Form C relays rated for 1 A at 60 W per channel • Four Form A relays rated for 5 A at 150 W per channel.
6 L4437A General Purpose Switch WA RNING Do not connect the L4437A directly to a mains power outlet. If it is necessary to switch a mains voltage or any circuit where a large inductive load may be switched, you must add signal conditioning elements to reduce the potential transients before they reach the instrument. Open Maintain U205 5Amp relays Power Down State U301 C301 Figure 6-1. 5A Relay Power-Down State Jumper.
6 L4437A General Purpose Switch L4437A SCPI Command Summary Table 6- 1 lists the instrument- specific SCPI commands that apply to the L4437A General Purpose Switch Instrument. Table 3- 3 (Chapter 3) lists the SCPI commands that apply to all L4400 series instruments. For complete information on all SCPI commands, refer to the Programmer’s Reference contained on the L4400 Product Reference CD- ROM (p/n 34989- 13601). Table 6-1. L4437A SCPI Command Summary.
6 L4437A General Purpose Switch L4437A Example Program Segments The following sections contain example program segments of commonly used instrument functions. The channel addressing scheme used in these segments follow the form 1ccc where ccc is the channel number. For detailed example programs involving multiple drivers and development environments, refer to the L4400 Product Reference CD- ROM (p/n 34989- 13601).
6 L4437A General Purpose Switch Example: Clearing the cycle count for a relay (all switch modules) The following command resets the relay cycle count on channels 7 and 16. DIAGnostic:RELay:CYCLes:CLEar (@1007,1016) Example: Resetting the Instrument to its power-on state The following command resets the instrument to its power- on state.
6 L4437A General Purpose Switch L4437A D-Sub Connectors Bank 1 Bank 1 For orientation, the D-sub connector end of the module is facing you.
6 L4437A General Purpose Switch 34937T Terminal Block This terminal block with screw- type connections is labeled with the model number and the abbreviated module name. Warning -the insulation of the wiring used with the terminal block must be rated for the highest voltage that will be present on the terminal block. Pads for user-supplied snubber circuity to alleviate reactive transients.
Agilent L4400 LXI Class C Instruments User’s Guide 7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver L4445A SCPI Command Summary 136 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver 138 Recommended Switches and Attenuators 141 Power Supplies 142 Channel Numbering 143 Simple Switch Control 144 Using Single Drive Switches and Attenuators 146 Remote Module Identifiers 145 Drive Modes 145 Using Single Drive Switches and Attenuators 146 Using Dual Drive Switches and Attenuators 147 Using Pulse Drive 148 Long Execution Times
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver L4445A SCPI Command Summary Table 7- 1 lists the instrument- specific SCPI commands that apply to the L4445A Microwave Switch / Attenuator Driver Instrument. Table 3- 3 (Chapter 3) lists the SCPI commands that apply to all L4400 series instruments. For complete information on all SCPI commands, refer to the Programmer’s Reference contained on the L4400 Product Reference CD- ROM (p/n 34989- 13601). Table 7-1. L4445A SCPI Command Summary.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver ROUTe:OPEN (@) ROUTe:OPEN? (@) ROUTe:OPEN:ALL 1 ROUTe:OPERation:OVERlap[:ENABle] {OFF|0|ON|1} ROUTe:OPERation:OVERlap[:ENABle]? ROUTe:RMODule:BANK:DRIVe[:MODE] {TTL|OCOLlector}, {1-4|BANK1-BANK4|ALL}, (@) ROUTe:RMODule:BANK:DRIVe[:MODE]? {1-4|BANK1-BANK4}, (@) ROUTe:RMODule:BANK:LED:DRIVe[:ENABle] {OFF|0|ON|1}, {1-4|BANK1-BANK4|ALL}, (@) ROUTe:RMODule:BANK:LED:DRIVe[:ENABle]? {1-4|BANK1-BANK4}, (@
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver The L4445A consists of a driver interface instrument (L4445A) and one or more remote modules (34945EXT). The first remote module is electrically attached to the driver instrument using a provided cable (equipped with 9- pin D- Sub connectors). The first remote module attached to the driver instrument is referred to as the master module. Additional remote modules are referred to as slave modules.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Figure 7- 1 shows the components of the L4445A microwave switch/attenuator driver configuration. The L4445A driver is shown connected to a single 34945EXT remote module. L4445A Instrument Driver 9-pin D-SUB cable (power to master 34945EXT) Y1150A-Y1155A Distribution Board 34945EXT Extender User-supplied switch and cabling Figure 7-1. L4445A Microwave Switch / Attenuator Driver Configuration.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Figure7- 2 is a labeled drawing of the 34945EXT remote module. Bank 1 Ch 1 - 8 Ch 11 - 18 Expansion Bus Bank 2 Ch 21 - 28 Ch 31 - 38 Bank 3 Ch 41 - 48 Ch 51 - 58 Port 2 Port 1 Bank 4 Ch 61 - 68 Ch 71 - 78 I/O Access LED External Power Supply Connections Figure 7-2. The 34945EXT Module. Each 34945EXT has an I/O Access LED used to indicate transactions between the L4445A and the 34945EXT module.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Recommended Switches and Attenuators The recommended Agilent switches and attenuators for use with the L4445A are shown below. Included in the table is the distribution board used for each switch or attenuator.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Power Supplies The switches and attenuators on the master remote module can be powered from the L4445A or use an external power supply. All additional slave modules must use an external power supply. Each remote module has a terminal strip used to connect external switch power.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver 100mA continuous + 200mA (15ms pulse, 25% duty cycle) For example, if the quiescent supply current required for a switch is 50mA and the switching current is 200mA, the pulse width that activates the switch must be < 15ms. To prevent an over- current condition, a 45ms delay is required before the next activation pulse occurs.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Simple Switch Control All examples in this chapter make reference to SCPI commands for switch control. The L4445A commands are summarized in Table 7- 1. For more information, refer to the Programmer’s Reference help file included on the Product Reference CD- ROM (p/n 34989- 13601). The switches and attenuators are designed to respond to the SCPI ROUTe:CLOSe and ROUTe:OPEN commands.
L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver 7 Remote Module Identifiers A special channel numbering method exists for use with SCPI commands that operate one or more banks of the remote module. This addressing uses a non- existent channel number (00) to indicate the commands are useful for all channel in a bank or all channels on a remote module. The format of this special channel list is specified as: 1<00> where: rem is the remote module being controlled, and is a single digit in the range of 1 to 8.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Using Single Drive Switches and Attenuators Some microwaveswitches require a single drive. With single drive devices the channel numbering is not consecutive across all channels in a bank (refer to the channel numbering description on page 143). The L4445A can provide single drive devices with either pulsed or continuous drive current. Settings and parameters for continuous drive mode are given in the next section.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Using Dual Drive Switches and Attenuators Many microwaveswitches and attenuators have a paired drive input. Typically, one drive is electrically connected to the lower channel number in a bank and one connected to a corresponding upper channel number. For example, a dual drive switch should have its ‘State A’ coil connected to channel 21 and its ‘State B’ coil connected to channel 31 on bank two. The L4445A drives dual drive devices in pulsed mode only.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Using Pulse Drive To use the pulse drive mode, send the ROUTe:CHANnel:DRIVe:PULSe:MODE ON command or pair two channels with the ROUTe:CHANnel:DRIVe:PAIRed:MODE command. The diagram below illustrates the pulse drive for two channels (switches) and the relationship of the drive parameters to the power supply requirements.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Long Execution Times When configuring long channel pulse drive times and/or power supply recovery times, be aware that the results may be long execution times. For example, you can set a channel pulse width of 255 ms and a recovery time of 255 ms. This channel will require 510 ms to open or close. If you set such parameters across all the channels on a remote module then the execution time will be over 30 seconds.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Switch state is stored in the instrument. In contrast, the ROUTe:OPEN? and ROUTe:CLOSe queries always check the actual hardware state of the switch for verified channels. For paired operations on the L4445A (using the ROUTe:CHANnel:DRIVe:PAIRed:MODE command), when you enable verification on either paired channel verification will be enabled on both channels.
L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver 7 LED Drive The distribution boards contain a ribbon cable header you can use to connect LEDs to provide a visual indication of switch state. These lines reflect the state of their corresponding channel’s position indicator. Some systems use LEDs as a graphical indicator of switch positions. Use the ROUTe:RMODule:BANK:LED:DRIVe:LEVel command to set the drive current for the LEDs. You do not need to provide an external current limiting resistor.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Default and Reset States The L4445A allows several types of reset and default actions. Most resets rely on states stored in non- volatile memory on the remote modules. Default parameters can be set to ensure the system always returns to a safe state. SYSTem:RMODule:RESet This command is the only command that will reset all remote modules connected to the L4445A to the factory defaults. No determination of the distribution boards present is made.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver SYSTem:PRESet, *RST, SYSTem:CPON and Power On These actions drive the channels to their defined DEFault state (using the configuration stored on the remote module) and force the system to recognize new topologies (caused by power or connectivity changes). These actions set the defaults shown in the table on page 152.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver ROUT:RMOD:BANK:LED:DRIV ON ON ON ON ON ON ROUT:RMOD:BANK:LED:LEV 0.005 A 0.005 A 0.005 A 0.005 A 0.005 A 0.005 A ROUT:CHAN:DRIV:CLOS:DEF OFF OFF (except channel 7, 17) ON OFF OFF OFF ROUT:CHAN:DRIV:OPEN:DEF ON ON (except channel 7, 17) OFF ON ON ON This command uses special channel addressing as described in “Remote Module Identifiers” on page 145.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Y1150A The Y1150A supports the Agilent N181x series microwave switches shown below. Up to eight switches in any combination can be connected to each distribution board. Agilent Switch Description N1810UL Unterminated latching 3-port (SPDT) N1810TL Terminated latching 3-port (SPDT) N1811TL Terminated latching 4-port (transfer) N1812UL Unterminated latching 5-port Y1150A Switch Options Supported (Recommended options are shaded).
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Y1150A Connections LED Connectors Switch Connectors Y1150A Switch Connectors SW1 Through SW8 Pin 2 10 1 9 Use Pin Use 1 GND 2 IND B 3 N.C. 4 +VI 5 Drive B 6 IND A 7 Drive A 8 +VI 9 +VR 10 N.C.
L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Item Description Example Part Numbers Cable Type 9 conductor ribbon cable, 0.050"pitch, 26 or 28 AWG stranded* 3M 3801/09 (26 AWG) 3M 3365/09 (28 AWG) Y1150A Connector 10 pin socket connector, 0.1" x 0.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Y1150A LED Connectors LED1 and LED2 2 16 1 15 LED1 Connector 158 LED2 Connector Pin Use Pin Use Pin Use Pin Use 1 +VI 2 SW1 - A 1 +VI 2 SW5 - A 3 +VI 4 SW1 - B 3 +VI 4 SW5 - B 5 +VI 6 SW2 - A 5 +VI 6 SW6 - A 7 +VI 8 SW2 - B 7 +VI 8 SW6 - B 9 +VI 10 SW3 - A 9 +VI 10 SW7 - A 11 +VI 12 SW3 - B 11 +VI 12 SW7 - B 13 +VI 14 SW4 - A 13 +VI 14 SW8 - A 15 +VI 16 SW4 - B 15 +VI 16 SW8 - B L440
L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver 7 Y1151A The Y1151A supports up to two of the Agilent microwave switches shown below. Agilent Switch Description 87104A/B/C SP4T 4 port latching 87106A/B/C SP6T 6 port latching 87406B 6 port matrix Y1151A Switch Options Supported (Recommended options are shaded).
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Y1151A Connections LED Connectors Switch Connectors Y1151A Switch Connector SW1 and SW2 Pin 2 16 1 15 Use Pin Use 1 +VR 2 +VI 3 Path 1 4 IND 1 5 Path 2 6 IND 2 7 Path 3 8 IND 3 9 Path 4 10 IND 4 11 Path 5 12 IND 5 13 Path 6 14 IND 6 15 GND 16 Open All Paths +VR is the Voltage source for the Relay +VI is the Voltage source the LED Indicator 160 L4400 User’s Guide
L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Pin 1 Item L4400 User’s Guide Description 7 Pin 1 Example Part Numbers Cable Type 16 conductor ribbon cable, 0.050" pitch, 26 or 28 AWG stranded 3M 3801/16 (26 AWG) 3M 3365/16 (28 AWG) Y1151A Connector 16 pin socket connector, 0.1" x 0.1" pin grid, IDC termination, center polarizing key 3M P/N 89116-0101 AMP P/N 76288-3 Switch Connector 16 pin socket connector, 0.1" x 0.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Y1151A Switch Control All channels are single drive.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Y1151A LED Connectors LED1 and LED2 2 16 1 15 LED1 Connector Pin Use Pin 1 +VI 3 LED2 Connector Use Pin Use Pin 2 SW1 - Path 1 1 +VI 2 SW2- Path 1 +VI 4 SW1 - Path 2 3 +VI 4 SW2 - Path 2 5 +VI 6 SW1 - Path 3 5 +VI 6 SW2 - Path 3 7 +VI 8 SW1 - Path 4 7 +VI 8 SW2 - Path 4 9 +VI 10 SW1 - Path 5 9 +VI 10 SW2 - Path 5 11 +VI 12 SW1 - Path 6 11 +VI 12 SW2 - Path 6 13 +VI 14 Not Used 13 +VI 14 Not Used
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Y1152A The Y1152A supports one of the 87xxx switches and up to two of the Agilent N181x switches. Supported switches are shown below.
L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver 7 Y1152A Connections LED Connectors Switch Connectors Y1152A Switch connector SW1 (87204/06) Pin L4400 User’s Guide 2 16 1 15 Use Pin Use 1 +VR 2 N.C. 3 Close 1 4 Open 1 5 Close 2 6 Open 2 7 Close 3 8 Open 3 9 Close 4 10 Open 4 11 Close 5 12 Open 5 13 Close 6 14 Open 6 15 GND 16 N.C.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Y1152A Switch Connector SW2 and SW3 (N181x) Pin 2 10 1 9 Use Pin Use 1 GND 2 IND B 3 N.C. 4 +VI 5 Drive B 6 IND A 7 Drive A 8 +VI 9 +VR 10 N.C.
L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver 7 16 Conductor Cable Item Description Example Part Numbers Cable Type 16 conductor ribbon cable, 0.050" pitch, 26 or 28 AWG stranded 3M 3801/16 (26 AWG) 3M 3365/16 (28 AWG) Y1152A Connector 10 pin socket connector, 0.1" x 0.1" pin grid, IDC termination, center polarizing key 3M P/N 89116-0101 AMP P/N 76288-3 Switch Connector 16 pin socket connector, 0.1" x 0.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Y1152A LED Connectors LED1 and LED2 2 16 1 15 LED1 Connector 168 Pin Use Pin 1 +VI 3 LED2 Connector Use Pin Use Pin Use 2 SW1 - Close 1 1 +VI 2 SW1 - Close 5 +VI 4 SW1 - Open 1 3 +VI 4 SW1 - Open 5 5 +VI 6 SW1 - Close 2 5 +VI 6 SW1 - Close 6 7 +VI 8 SW1 - Open 2 7 +VI 8 SW1 - Open 6 9 +VI 10 SW1 - Close 3 9 +VI 10 SW2 - Ind A 11 +VI 12 SW1 - Open 3 11 +VI 12 SW2 - Ind B 13 +VI 14 SW1 - Close 4 1
L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver 7 Y1153A The Y1153A supports the attenuators listed below. Up to two of the attenuators may be connected.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver 8494/5/6 Option Name Option Number Description and Comments Frequency Range letter suffix in model number All options supported RF connectors various All options supported Coil Voltage STD +24VDC DC connector type STD 12 pin Viking connector (includes 5 foot cable with Viking connector on one end, no terminations on other end) 016 Flat Pack - ribbon cable connected to attenuator with 14 pin DIP header on free end. Not recommended.
L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver 7 Y1153A Attenuator connector P101 and P102 (84904/5/8) Pin NOT E 2 10 1 9 Use Pin Use 1 Section 1 Thru Line 2 Section 1 Atten 3 N.C. 4 Section 3 Thru Line 5 Section 2 Thru Line 6 Section 4 Thru Line 7 Section 4 Atten 8 Section 2 Atten 9 Section 3 Atten 10 +VR You may use either the ribbon cable header or the screw terminals to make connections to the attenuators. You should not use both.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver 8494/5/6 Item Description Example Part Numbers Cable Supplied with Attenuator Cable with Viking connector on attenuator end, bare wires on other end Cable Type 12 conductor round cable, 22 or 24 AWG stranded, 0.25" dia. Y1153A Connection Screw terminals provided on Y1153A distribution cable connection Attenuator Connector 12 pin Viking Industries, Inc.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Y1153A LED Connectors LED1 and LED2 2 16 1 15 LED1 Connector L4400 User’s Guide Pin Use Pin 1 +VI 3 LED2 Connector Use Pin Use Pin Use 2 P101 Atten 1 1 +VI 2 P102 Atten 1 +VI 4 P101 Thru Line 1 3 +VI 4 P102 Thru Line 1 5 +VI 6 P101 Atten 2 5 +VI 6 P102 Atten 2 7 +VI 8 P101 Thru Line 2 7 +VI 8 P102 Thru Line 2 9 +VI 10 P101 Atten 3 9 +VI 10 P102 Atten 3 11 +VI 12 P101 Thru Line 3 11 +VI 12 P102 Thru L
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Y1154A The Y1154A supports one of the transfer switches listed below and up to six N181x switches. Agilent Switch Description 87222C/D/E 4 port transfer switch N1810UL Unterminated latching 3-port (SPDT) N1810TL Terminated latching 3-port (SPDT) N1811TL Terminated latching 4-port (transfer) N1812UL Unterminated latching 5-port Y1154A Switch Options Supported (Recommended options are shaded).
L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver 7 Y1154A Connections LED Connectors Transfer Switch Connectors Switch Connectors Y1154A Switch connector SW1 and SW2 (87222) 2 14 1 13 Pin L4400 User’s Guide Use Pin Use 1 +VR 2 +VI 3 Drive A 4 Ind A 5 Drive B 6 Ind B 7 N.C. 8 N.C. 9 GND 10 N.C. 11 N.C. 12 N.C. 13 N.C. 14 N.C.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Y1154A Switch connector SW3 Through SW8 (N181x) Pin 2 10 1 9 Use Pin Use 1 GND 2 IND B 3 N.C. 4 +VI 5 Drive B 6 IND A 7 Drive A 8 +VI 9 +VR 10 N.C.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver 87222 Cable Item Description Example Part Numbers Cable Type 10 conductor ribbon cable, 0.050" pitch, 26 or 28 AWG stranded 3M 3801/10 (26 AWG) 3M 3365/10 (28 AWG) Y1154A Connector 14 pin socket connector, 0.1" x 0.1" pin grid, IDC termination, center polarizing key 3M P/N 89114-0101 AMP P/N 76288-2 Switch Connector 10 pin socket connector, 0.1" x 0.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Y1154A LED Connectors LED1 and LED2 2 16 1 15 LED1 Connector 178 LED2 Connector Pin Use Pin Use Pin Use Pin Use 1 +VI 2 SW1 - A 1 +VI 2 SW5 - A 3 +VI 4 SW1 - B 3 +VI 4 SW5 - B 5 +VI 6 SW2 - A 5 +VI 6 SW6 - A 7 +VI 8 SW2 - B 7 +VI 8 SW6 - B 9 +VI 10 SW3 - A 9 +VI 10 SW7 - A 11 +VI 12 SW3 - B 11 +VI 12 SW7 - B 13 +VI 14 SW4 - A 13 +VI 14 SW8 - A 15 +VI 16 SW4 - B 15 +VI 16 SW8 - B L440
L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver 7 Y1155A The Y1155A provides screw terminal connections can support the Agilent switches listed below. Additionally, the screw terminals make it adaptable to most any switch.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Y1155A Switch Options Supported Recommended options are shaded. Option Name 180 Option Number Description and Comments Frequency Range Various All options supported Coil Voltage 011 +5VDC +5VDC Highest coil current requirement of all coil voltage options. May limit system speed because current capacity limitations. 34945EXT limits total switch current to 2A; opt 011 coils draw 400 mA.
L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver 7 Y1155A Connections LED Connectors Screw Terminals +VR is the Voltage source for the Relay +VI is the Voltage source for the LED Indicator 876x Switches Item L4400 User’s Guide Description Cable Type 3 wire cable, 24 AWG stranded Y1155A Connector Screw terminal connection for wire provided on Y1155A Switch Connector Solder wire to switch solder lug Cable Wiring Varies with drive option; see switch documentation 181
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Y1155A Switch Control Paired Operations* Drive 1 ROUT:OPEN (@xx01) Drive 11 ROUT:CLOS (@xx01) Drive 2 ROUT:OPEN (@xx02) Drive 12 ROUT:CLOS (@xx02) Drive 3 ROUT:OPEN (@xx03) Drive 13 ROUT:CLOS (@xx03) Drive 4 ROUT:OPEN (@xx04) Drive 14 ROUT:CLOS (@xx04) Drive 5 ROUT:OPEN (@xx05) Drive 15 ROUT:CLOS (@xx05) Drive 6 ROUT:OPEN (@xx06) Drive 16 ROUT:CLOS (@xx06) Drive 7 ROUT:OPEN (@xx07) Drive 17 ROUT:CLOS (@xx07) Drive 8 ROUT:OPEN (@xx08)
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Y1155A LED Connectors LED1 and LED2 2 16 1 15 LED1 Connector LED2 Connector Pin Use Pin Use Pin Use Pin 1 +VI 2 SW1 - A 1 +VI 2 SW5 - A 3 +VI 4 SW1 - B 3 +VI 4 SW5 - B 5 +VI 6 SW2 - A 5 +VI 6 SW6 - A 7 +VI 8 SW2 - B 7 +VI 8 SW6 - B 9 +VI 10 SW3 - A 9 +VI 10 SW7 - A 11 +VI 12 SW3 - B 11 +VI 12 SW7 - B 13 +VI 14 SW4 - A 13 +VI 14 SW8 - A 15 +VI 16 SW4 - B 15 +VI 16 SW8 - B L4400 User’s G
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Simplified Connection Diagrams Single Drive With Separate Position Indicators The simplified schematic below illustrates the connection for a single drive switch with separate position indicators. The position indicators for this type of switch are independent relay contacts that are mechanically linked to the RF switch position. Even though this is a single drive switch, each switch state has its own coil.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Paired Drive With Separate Position Indicators The simplified schematic below illustrates the connection for a dual drive switch with separate position indicators. The position indicators for this type of switch are independent relay contacts that are mechanically linked to the RF switch position. The RF paths are not shown in the simplified diagram. The coils are driven in open collector mode.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver Paired Drive With Combined Position Indicators The simplified schematic below illustrates the connection for a dual drive switch with an integral position indicator. The position indicators for this type of switch are electrically connected to the device’s drive coil. This is a typical arrangement for microwave attenuators.
L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver 7 Mounting the Remote Modules The figure below shows the dimensions of the remote module and the locations of usable mounting holes. 38.35 205.54 114.1 57.05 All Mounting Holes are Metric M4X0.7 Threads 11.34 9.73 11.73 15.05 41.74 114.1 84 114.1 26.6 30.96 280.
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver SCPI Programming Examples These programming examples provide you with SCPI command examples to use for driving the microwave switch modules. The channel addressing scheme used in these examples follow the form 1rcc where r is the remote module number (1 through 8), and cc is the two- digit channel number. For more information about channel numbering, refer to “Channel Numbering” on page 143.
L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver 7 Example: Configuring a Single Drive Channel The following example illustrates the sequence of commands to configure a single drive channel with continuous drive. In the example, the operations are directed to channel 1 on remote module 3. The drive source must be disabled before configuring pulse or paired modes. The channel is then un- paired and the pulse mode disabled (enables continuous drive).
7 L4445A Microwave Switch/Attenuator Driver THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY BLANK 190 L4400 User’s Guide
Agilent L4400 LXI Class C Instruments User’s Guide 8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter L4450A SCPI Command Summary 192 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter 199 Basic Digital I/O Operations 200 Handshaking 203 Buffered I/O Operations 210 Interrupt Lines 213 Byte Ordering 215 Pattern Matching 216 Counter 216 Clock 218 L4450A D-Sub Connectors 219 34950T Terminal Block 222 Agilent Technologies 191
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter L4450A SCPI Command Summary Table 8- 1 lists the instrument- specific SCPI commands that apply to the L4450A 64- Bit Digital I/O and Counter instrument. Table 3- 3 (Chapter 3) lists the SCPI commands that apply to all L4400 series instruments. For complete information on all SCPI commands, refer to the Programmer’s Reference contained on the L4400 Product Reference CD- ROM (p/n 34989- 13601). Table 8-1. L4450A SCPI Command Summary.
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter CONFigure:DIGital:HANDshake:SYNChronous:STRobe[:SOURce]? (@) CONFigure:DIGital:INTerrupt:POLarity {NORMal|INVerted}, (@) CONFigure:DIGital:INTerrupt:POLarity? (@) CONFigure:DIGital:POLarity {NORMal|INVerted}, (@) CONFigure:DIGital:POLarity? (@) CONFigure:DIGital:WIDTh {BYTE|1|WORD|2|LWORd|4}, (@) CONFigure:DIGital:WIDTh? (@) MEASure (Counter / Totalizer) (Digital I/O) SENSe (Counter / Tota
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter [SENSe:]MODule:COUNter:GATE:THReshold[:VOLTage] {|MIN|MAX|DEF}, 1 [SENSe:]MODule:COUNter:GATE:THReshold[:VOLTage]? [{MIN|MAX},] 1 [SENSe:]TOTalize:CLEar:IMMediate (@) [SENSe:]TOTalize:DATA? (@) [SENSe:]TOTalize:SLOPe {NEGative|POSitive}, (@) [SENSe:]TOTalize:SLOPe? (@) [SENSe:]TOTalize:THReshold[:MODE] {AC|TTL}, (@) [SENSe:]TOTalize:THReshold[:MODE]? (@) [SENSe:]TOTalize:THReshold:VOLTage {
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter SOURce (Digital I/O) (External Clock Output) TRACe L4400 User’s Guide SOURce:DIGital:DATA[:{BYTE|1|WORD|2|LWORd|4}] , (@) SOURce:DIGital:DATA[:{BYTE|1|WORD|2|LWORd|4}]? [{DECimal|BINary|HEXadecimal|OCTal},] (@) SOURce:DIGital:DATA:BIT {0|1}, , (@) SOURce:DIGital:DATA:BIT? , (@) SOURce:DIGital:DRIVe {ACTive|OCOLlector}, (@) SOURce:DIGital:DRIVe? (@) SOURce:DIGital:HANDshake:LEVel
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter CALCulate (Digital Pattern Compare) (Alarm Limit) (Measurement Statistics) (MX + B Scaling) 196 CALCulate:COMPare:DATA[:{BYTE|1|WORD|2|LWORd|4}] , (@) CALCulate:COMPare:DATA? (@) CALCulate:COMPare:MASK[:{BYTE|1|WORD|2|LWORd|4}] , (@) CALCulate:COMPare:MASK? (@) CALCulate:COMPare:STATe {OFF|0|ON|1}, (@) CALCulate:COMPare:STATe? (@) CALCulate:COMPare:TYPE {EQUal|NEQual}, (@) CA
L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter ROUTe (Monitor) ABORt INITiate ROUTe:CHANnel:DELay {|MIN|MAX|DEF}, (@) ROUTe:CHANnel:DELay? [{MIN|MAX}, ] (@) ROUTe:CHANnel:DELay:AUTO {OFF|0|ON|1}, (@) ROUTe:CHANnel:DELay:AUTO? (@) ROUTe:SCAN (@) ROUTe:SCAN? ROUTe:SCAN:ADD (@) ROUTe:SCAN:REMove (@) ROUTe:SCAN:ORDered {OFF|0|ON|1} ROUTe:SCAN:ORDered? ROUTe:SCAN:SIZE? (Switch Control) ROUTe:CHANnel:LABel:CLEar:MODule 1 ROUTe:CHANne
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter FORMat (Scanning) FORMat:BORDer {NORMal|SWAPped} FORMat:BORDer? FORMat:READing:ALARm {OFF|0|ON|1} FORMat:READing:ALARm? FORMat:READing:CHANnel {OFF|0|ON|1} FORMat:READing:CHANnel? FORMat:READing:TIME {OFF|0|ON|1} FORMat:READing:TIME? FORMat:READing:TIME:TYPE {ABSolute|RELative} FORMat:READing:TIME:TYPE? FORMat:READing:UNIT {OFF|0|ON|1} FORMat:READing:UNIT? READ? SWEep (Scanning) SWEep:COUNt {|MIN|MAX|DEF} SWEep:COUNt? [{MIN|MAX}] TRIGger (Sca
L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter 8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter The L4450A has 64- bits of general- purpose digital I/O grouped in 8- bit channels with programmable polarity, input thresholds, and output levels. The module is segmented into two banks of four 8- bit channels. Each bank has 64 Kb of volatile memory for pattern capture and pattern generation with hardware interrupt capability. Up to three pins of handshaking are available for each bank of 32 bits.
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter Basic Digital I/O Operations Channel Numbering and Width The digital channels are numbered by bank; 101 through 104 and 201 through 204 for banks 1 and 2 respectively. Using SCPI commands you can group digital I/O channels together to allow 16- or 32- bit operations. The first and third channels on a bank can be control channels. Width and direction of the memory operations are controlled by the width and direction of the first channel on the bank (i.e.
L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter 8 To read digital data with more control over the channel parameters, use the SCPI CONFigure and SENSe commands. The CONFigure commands set up the digital I/O channel parameters. For example, sending the following SCPI command sets 16- bit input channel 103 to use a 2.5 V input threshold, and normal polarity. CONF:DIG WORD, 2.5, NORM, (@1103) Once configured, the data is read using the following command.
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter You can set a channel to output in either active drive or open collector configurations. When set to ACTive, the module drives the digital lines for both high and low. The voltage level that represents a logic ‘1’ can be set using the SOURce:DIGital:LEVel command. Output voltages can range from 1.66 V (default) to 5 V. When the channel is set to OCOLlector, lines are driven low, but set to high impedance (Hi- Z) when asserted.
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter This command sequence sets the first 8 bits (channel 101) to normal polarity for input and output operations, set the next 8 bits (channel 102) to inverted polarity, and then combines the bits into a 16- bit channel. When this WORD channel is used, the first eight bits will input or output using normal polarity but the next 8 bits will read or written using inverted polarity.
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter The following handshake command sets the synchronous handshaking mode for the channels in bank 1. CONF:DIG:HAND SYNC, (@1101) This form of the handshaking command also allows you to optionally set the input threshold, output drive level, and polarity of all the handshake lines. For example, the following command sets bank 2 to use synchronous handshaking, with an input threshold of 2.5 V, an output drive level of 2.5 V, and normal polarity.
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter Synchronous Handshake Mode In the synchronous handshake mode, a strobe or clock signal is used to transfer data to or from an external device. The strobe line (H1) is an output and is pulsed once for each transfer. Synchronous Unbuffered Inputs For synchronous handshake unbuffered inputs the H0 line indicates the direction of the transfer. This line is set high to indicate an input operation.
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter Synchronous Unbuffered Outputs For synchronous handshake unbuffered outputs, the H0 line indicates the direction of the transfer. This line is set low to indicate an output operation. The H0 line will remain in the low state until the L4450A direction is changed. The H1 line is the strobe output line. When the L4450A executes an output command, it sets the data lines and waits for TCYCLE/2 before asserting the strobe line.
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter Synchronous Buffered Inputs You can use synchronous mode handshake with buffered (memory) input operations. (Buffered operations are described in more detail beginning on page 210.) For buffered input operations, the H0 line acts as a start/stop line. This line will be set high when the memory input command is executed and will return low when the memory input operation has completed. The H1 line is not used and is set to high impedance.
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter Synchronous Buffered Outputs You can use synchronous mode handshake with buffered (memory) output operations. (Buffered operations are described in more detail beginning on page 210.) For buffered output operations, the H0 line acts as a start/stop line. This line will be set high when the memory output command is executed by the L4450A and will return low when the memory output operation has completed.
L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter 8 Optionally, you can provide an external strobe input on the H2 line to control the memory transfers. If you pace the memory inputs from an external clock, the L4450A will sense the leading edge of the strobe and set the data. The data will be valid after TPD and the receiving device may latch the data. TPD ranges from 140 ns to 60 ns. The maximum TPD of 140 ns limits operation in this mode to 7 MHz.
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter Buffered I/O Operations Each of the two banks on the L4450A has its own memory that can be used to store patterns to output (traces) or to store input patterns. The width of the first channel in each bank controls the width of the memory operations. Memory may be used as: • 64K x 8 bits • 64K x 16 bits • 32K x 32 bits Buffered (Memory) Output Each bank on the L4450A has its own memory for use in buffered transfers.
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter Set the number of times to output the trace. Each trace can be output once, multiple times, or infinitely. The SOURce:DIGital:MEMory:NCYCles command sets the number of times to output the trace. If not set to infinite, you can output the trace from 1 to 255 times (the output is controlled by the handshake). Load the trace(s) into memory. Named traces are downloaded using the TRACe:DATA:DIGital command.
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter If the trigger source has been set to one of the interrupt lines (see page page 213), the output will wait for the interrupt to occur and then the handshake to occur before the trace is output. You can also output the trace one sample at a time on the data lines using the SOURce:DIGital:MEMory:STEP command. This command outputs one sample and then puts the memory in the stopped state.
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter Start the capture. The SENSe:DIGital:MEMory:STARt command sets the channel to begin the data capture. The capture begins when the handshake occurs. Check the status of the transfer. You can use the SENSe:DIGital:MEMory:DATA:POINts? query to return the number of samples currently in memory. Retrieve the captured data. Set the desired memory retrieval format using the SENSe:DIGital:DATA:FORMat command.
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter The SOURce:DIGital:INTerrupt:MODE command sets how the bank will behave when using memory output. The mode can be set to one of three values: • STARt: The memory output will begin on the rising edge of the interrupt line. • STOP: The memory output is halted on the rising edge of the interrupt line. • GATE: The interrupt line acts a a gate for the memory output.
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter Byte Ordering When using buffered memory operations, the width of the data sets how the memory data is interpreted. Changing the width of the first channel in a bank invalidates any traces stored or captured. Output Operations For output operations (see page 210), traces are put into memory using the TRACe:DATA:DIGital command.
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter Pattern Matching Pattern matching can be used on input channels only. Pattern matching can be done with or without handshaking. When a pattern match occurs, the L4450A can set an interrupt line or system alarm. A pattern match can also be used to start or stop a buffered (memory) transfer. Pattern matching is done on a per bank basis and always starts at the first channel of a bank and works up to encompass the configured width of the channel.
L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter 8 Totalizer Mode Totalizer mode is the default operating mode for the counters. When the counter is configured for TOTalizer mode, it automatically starts running. The totalized count can be read, reset, scanned, and monitored. The simplest way to take a totalizer measurement is to use the MEASure form of the command. For example, the following command configures the totalizer on the first bank, initiates the measurement, and returns the result.
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter Initiated Measurement Mode Measurements such as frequency, period, duty cycle, and pulse width require an initiate command and a gate. The SENSe:COUNter:INITiate command is used to initiate (arm) the measurement. The measurement is gated by either an internal (default) or external gate source. For measurements the external gate acts like an external trigger which triggers the internal gate timer.
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter SOUR:MOD:CLOC:FREQ? You can also set the logic “high” voltage level for external clock output. For example, the following command sets the output clock level to 4.5 V. SOUR:MOD:CLOC:LEV 4.5, 1 L4450A D-Sub Connectors The L4450A uses two D- sub 78- pin female connectors. Each connector provides contains one bank of the module. As viewed from the rear panel, the connectors and their banks are shown below.
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter As viewed from the rear panel, the pins in each connector are numbered as shown below.
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter P2 (Bank 2) Connector Pin Assignments Pin Signal Pin Signal Pin Signal Pin Signal 1 GND 21 GND 40 18 60 8 2 CNTR 22 27 41 GND 61 GND 3 GND 23 GND 42 17 62 CLK 4 GATE 24 26 43 GND 63 GND 5 GND 25 GND 44 16 64 7 6 INTR 26 25 45 GND 65 GND 7 GND 27 GND 46 15 66 6 8 H2 28 24 47 GND 67 GND 9 GND 29 GND 48 14 68 5 10 H1 30 23 49 GND 69 GND 11 GND 31 GND 50 13 70 4 1
8 L4450A 64-Bit Digital I/O with Memory and Counter 34950T Terminal Block The optional 34950T terminal block has screw type connections and the terminal are labeled with the channel and bit information. L4450A Terminal Block.
Agilent L4400 LXI Class C Instruments User’s Guide 9 L4451A 4-Channel Isolated D/A Converter with Waveform Memory L4451A 4-Channel Isolated D/A Converter with Waveform Memory 224 L4451A SCPI Command Summary 226 L4451A Example Program Segments 228 L4451A Simplified Block Diagrams 231 L4451A D-Sub Connector Pinout 233 34951T Terminal Block 234 Agilent Technologies 223
9 L4451A 4-Channel Isolated D/A Converter with Waveform Memory L4451A 4-Channel Isolated D/A Converter with Waveform Memory The L4451A 4- Ch Isolated D/A module (DAC module) has four independent, isolated DAC channels that output DC voltage up to 16V or DC current up to 20 mA. Since the DACs are electrically isolated, you can stack or combine multiple DACs to have up to 64 V on a module. You can control each channel manually, or use the onboard memory to store multiple sequenced points.
9 L4451A 4-Channel Isolated D/A Converter with Waveform Memory The on- board memory provides storage for you to create up to 32 voltage or current waveforms. You can apply a different waveform to each channel to output. Or you can apply the same waveform to more than one channel. For each channel you can designate the gain, frequency, and/or offset for its output. The waveforms are stored in instrument memory. Therefore, whenever power is cycled, the volatile memory empties of data it has contained.
9 L4451A 4-Channel Isolated D/A Converter with Waveform Memory NOT E The line between external Trigger Out and external Trigger In is shared. You can use the external Trigger Out to provide the external Trigger In signal. However, both a user-supplied external trigger and the L4451A Trigger Out cannot drive the line at the same time. L4451A SCPI Command Summary Table 9- 1 lists the instrument- specific SCPI commands that apply to the L4451A 4- Channel Isolated D/A Converter instrument.
9 L4451A 4-Channel Isolated D/A Converter with Waveform Memory SOURce:FUNCtion:CURRent:OFFSet {|MIN|MAX|DEF}, (@) SOURce:FUNCtion:CURRent:OFFSet? [{MIN|MAX}, ] (@) SOURce:FUNCtion:ENABle {OFF|0|ON|1}, (@) SOURce:FUNCtion:ENABle? (@) SOURce:FUNCtion:FREQuency {|MIN|MAX|DEF}, (@) SOURce:FUNCtion:FREQuency? [{MIN|MAX}, ] (@) SOURce:FUNCtion:HALT (@) SOURce:FUNCtion:SAMPle:PERiod {|MIN|MAX|DEF}, (@) SOURce:FUNCt
9 L4451A 4-Channel Isolated D/A Converter with Waveform Memory (Sequence Operation) ROUTe:SEQuence:CATalog? ROUTe:SEQuence:DEFine , "" ROUTe:SEQuence:DEFine? ROUTe:SEQuence:DELete:ALL ROUTe:SEQuence:DELete[:NAME] ROUTe:SEQuence:DONE? ROUTe:SEQuence:TRIGger[:IMMediate] ROUTe:SEQuence:TRIGger:SOURce , MANual ROUTe:SEQuence:TRIGger:SOURce? ROUTe:SEQuence:WAIT L4451A Example Program Segments The programming examples below provide you with SCPI command exampl
9 L4451A 4-Channel Isolated D/A Converter with Waveform Memory Waveform Mode Example: Downloading a waveform to memory and outputting waveform from DACs The following command segment downloads a 1000- point sine waveform to memory and outputs the waveform from DAC channels 1 and 2. The trace name is TEST_SINE.
9 L4451A 4-Channel Isolated D/A Converter with Waveform Memory External Clock Example: Selecting an external clock source and setting a clock divisor The first command selects the external clock source on DAC channels 1 and 2. The external clock input is shared between these two channels. The second command sets the clock divisor to 100 on the same DAC channels (the external clock input signal is divided by 100).
9 L4451A 4-Channel Isolated D/A Converter with Waveform Memory L4451A Simplified Block Diagrams The following diagram shows how the module is generally configured. 34951A Module Ext Clock Out Enable User-Supplied Connections Ext Trig Out Enable Int Trig Int Clock Ext Clock In/Out Ext Trig In/Out 16 Bits 16 Bits 16 Bits 16 Bits DAC 1 Channel 001 DAC 2 Channel 002 DAC 3 Channel 003 DAC 4 Channel 004 For more detail on the internal configuration of each DAC channel, see the next page.
9 L4451A 4-Channel Isolated D/A Converter with Waveform Memory The following diagram shows individual DAC channel configuration. All channels are configured the same.
9 L4451A 4-Channel Isolated D/A Converter with Waveform Memory L4451A D-Sub Connector Pinout GND NC 1 2 4L 4H 3L 3 4 5 3H GND GND GND NC 6 7 8 9 10 2L 2H GND NC 1L 1H GND 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 4L EXT 4H 3H 1L 3L 1H 2L 2H GND Sense Sense Sense Sense GND CLK TRIG GND Sense Sense GND GND Sense Sense GND 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 50-Pin D-Sub Female Connector 33 GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND 34 Description 1
9 L4451A 4-Channel Isolated D/A Converter with Waveform Memory 34951T Terminal Block Each terminal block is labeled with the model number and the abbreviated instrument name. L4451A Terminal Block.
Agilent L4400 LXI Class C Instruments User’s Guide 10 L4452A Multifunction Module with DIO, D/A, and Totalizer L4452A Multifunction Module 236 L4452A SCPI Command Summary 237 L4452A Example Program Segments 241 L4452A Simplified Block Diagram 243 L4452A D-Sub Connector 244 34952T Terminal Block 245 Agilent Technologies 235
10 L4452A Multifunction Module with DIO, D/A, and Totalizer L4452A Multifunction Module The L4452A Multifunction Module with DIO, D/A, and Totalizer combines four 8- bit ports of digital input/output, a 100 kHz totalizer, and two ±12 volt earth- referenced analog outputs. You can include digital inputs and totalizer input in a scan list. You can make connections via standard 50- pin D- sub cables or the optional 34952T terminal block.
L4452A Multifunction Module with DIO, D/A, and Totalizer 10 L4452A SCPI Command Summary Table 10- 1 lists the instrument- specific SCPI commands that apply to the L4452A Multifunction Module instrument. Table 3- 3 (Chapter 3) lists the SCPI commands that apply to all L4400 series instruments. For complete information on all SCPI commands, refer to the Programmer’s Reference contained on the L4400 Product Reference CD- ROM (p/n 34989- 13601). Table 10-1. L4452A SCPI Command Summary.
10 L4452A Multifunction Module with DIO, D/A, and Totalizer SOURce (Digital I/O) (DAC) CALCulate (Digital Pattern Compare) (Alarm Limit) (Measurement Statistics) ROUTe (Monitor) 238 SOURce:DIGital:DATA[:{BYTE|1|WORD|2|LWORd|4}] , (@) SOURce:DIGital:DATA[:{BYTE|1|WORD|2|LWORd|4}]? [{DECimal|BINary|HEXadecimal|OCTal},] (@) SOURce:DIGital:DATA:BIT {0|1}, , (@) SOURce:DIGital:DATA:BIT? , (@) SOURce:VOLTage[:LEVel] {|MIN|MAX|DEF}, (@
L4452A Multifunction Module with DIO, D/A, and Totalizer (Scanning) ROUTe:CHANnel:DELay {|MIN|MAX|DEF}, (@) ROUTe:CHANnel:DELay? [{MIN|MAX}, ] (@) ROUTe:CHANnel:DELay:AUTO {OFF|0|ON|1}, (@) ROUTe:CHANnel:DELay:AUTO? (@) ROUTe:SCAN (@) ROUTe:SCAN? ROUTe:SCAN:ADD (@) ROUTe:SCAN:REMove (@) ROUTe:SCAN:ORDered {OFF|0|ON|1} ROUTe:SCAN:ORDered? ROUTe:SCAN:SIZE? (Channel Labeling) ROUTe:CHANnel:LABel:CLEar:MODule 1 ROUTe:CHANnel:LABel[:DE
10 L4452A Multifunction Module with DIO, D/A, and Totalizer TRIGger (Scanning) (General) OUTput (Alarm Limit) DATA (Reading Memory) (Measurement Statics) 240 TRIGger:COUNt {|MIN|MAX|DEF|INFinity} TRIGger:COUNt? [{MIN|MAX}] TRIGger:SOURce {IMMediate|BUS|EXTernal|ALARm1|ALARm2|TIMer} TRIGger:SOURce? TRIGger:TIMer {|MIN|MAX|DEF} TRIGger:TIMer? [{MIN|MAX}] *TRG TRIGger:COUNt {|MIN|MAX|DEF|INFinity} TRIGger:COUNt? [{MIN|MAX}] TRIGger:DELay {|MIN|MAX} TRIGger:DELay? [{MIN|MA
10 L4452A Multifunction Module with DIO, D/A, and Totalizer L4452A Example Program Segments The following sections contain example program segments of commonly used instrument functions. The slot and channel addressing scheme used in these examples follow the form 1ccc where ccc is the channel number. For information on specific configurations, refer to the simplified schematic on page 243.
10 L4452A Multifunction Module with DIO, D/A, and Totalizer Example: Configuring the totalizer for count This command configures the totalizer to count on the rising edge or falling edge of the input signal. The following command configures the totalizer (channel 5) to count on the negative edge (falling) of the input signal. TOTalize:SLOPe NEGative,(@1005) Example: Clearing count on the totalizer channel This command immediately clears the count on the specified totalizer channel (channel 5).
L4452A Multifunction Module with DIO, D/A, and Totalizer 10 L4452A Simplified Block Diagram Internal to the 34952A Module User-Supplied Connections Bit 0 8 Channel 001 Bit 7 Bit 8 8 Channel 002 DIO Bit 15 Bit 16 8 Channel 003 Bit 23 Bit 24 8 Channel 004 Bit 31 Count + 32 Bits Count - Totalizer Gate Channel 005 Gate 16 Bits D/A1 DAC 1H DAC 1L Channel 006 16 Bits D/A2 DAC 2H DAC 2L L4400 User’s Guide Channel 007 243
10 L4452A Multifunction Module with DIO, D/A, and Totalizer L4452A D-Sub Connector BIT 0 CNT - CNT + GND 1 3 2 GND GND 34 35 Bit 0 Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Channel 1 Bit 4 Bit 5 Bit 6 Bit 7 Bit 8 Bit 9 Bit 10 Bit 11 Channel 2 Bit 12 Bit 13 Bit 14 Bit 15 244 19 DAC 2L Description 4 GATE GATE 18 BIT 1 20 GND 5 BIT 2 BIT 3 7 8 6 BIT 12 BIT 13 BIT 14 21 22 23 NC DAC 2H DAC 1L DAC 1H BIT 23 36 37 38 39 40 Socket 4 5 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 15 16 17 21 22 23 25 BIT 4 BIT 5 9 BIT
10 L4452A Multifunction Module with DIO, D/A, and Totalizer 34952T Terminal Block Each terminal block is labeled with the model number and the abbreviated module name. The 34952T provides space for breadboard and for a connector to control an external Opto- 22 standard board. Breadboard Breadboard Space and wiring provided for user-supplied Opto-22 connector L4452A Terminal Block.
10 L4452A Multifunction Module with DIO, D/A, and Totalizer THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY BLANK 246 L4400 User’s Guide
Appendix A L4451A and L4452A Calibration Procedures Calibration Procedures 248 Agilent Technologies Calibration Services 248 Calibration Interval 248 Time Required for Calibration 249 Automating Calibration Procedures 249 Recommended Test Equipment 249 Calibration Security 250 Calibration Message 251 Calibration Count 251 Calibration Process 252 Aborting a Calibration in Progress 252 Performance Verification Tests 253 L4451A and L4452A Performance Test Considerations L4451A 4-Channel Isolated DAC
A L4451A and L4452A Calibration Procedures Calibration Procedures This section contains performance verification and adjustment (calibration) procedures for the L4400 Series L4451A 4- Channel Isolated D/A Converter and L4452A Multifunction Module. Closed-Case Electronic Calibration These instruments feature closed- case electronic calibration. No internal mechanical adjustments are required.
A L4451A and L4452A Calibration Procedures Time Required for Calibration The L4451A and L4452A can be automatically calibrated under computer control. With computer control you can perform the complete calibration procedures and performance verification tests in less than 30 minutes once the instruments are warmed- up (see “L4451A and L4452A Performance Test Considerations”). Automating Calibration Procedures You can automate the complete verification and adjustment procedures outlined in this chapter.
A L4451A and L4452A Calibration Procedures Calibration Security This feature allows you to enter a security code to prevent accidental or unauthorized adjustments of the instruments. When you first receive your instrument, it is secured. Before you can adjust the instrument, you must unsecure it by entering the correct security code. NOT E If you forget your security code, you can disable the security feature by following the procedure below.
A L4451A and L4452A Calibration Procedures 6 Send the command CALibration:SECure:STATe ON to activate the new code and secure the instrument. 7 Turn off the instrument and re- install the instrument sub- assembly into the instrument carrier. Turn on the instrument. Continue with the procedures for calibrating the instrument. Note that the instrument will first have to be unsecured using the new security code set in Step 5.
A L4451A and L4452A Calibration Procedures Calibration Process The following general procedure is the recommended method to complete a full instrument calibration. 1 See “L4451A and L4452A Performance Test Considerations.” 2 Perform the verification tests to characterize the instrument (incoming data). 3 Unsecure the instrument for calibration (“Calibration Security" on page 250). 4 Perform the DAC adjustment procedures on either the L4451A or L4452A.
A L4451A and L4452A Calibration Procedures Performance Verification Tests Use the Performance verification tests to verify the performance of the instruments. The performance verification tests use the instrument’s specifications contained in the L4451A and L4452A Product Data Sheets.
A L4451A and L4452A Calibration Procedures L4451A Verification The test connections for verifying the L4451A DAC output current and voltage using an external DMM are shown in Figures A- 1 and A- 2. Note that connections are shown for a single channel. L4451A Terminal Block DMM twist wires HI HI LO LO I Output current verification Figure A-1. L4451A Output Current Connections.
A L4451A and L4452A Calibration Procedures L4451A Terminal Block DMM twist wires HI HI LO LO I Output Voltage verification Figure A-2. L4451A Output Voltage Connections. Analog Output Verification Test This procedure is used to check the calibration of the current and voltage outputs on the L4451A 4- channel DAC. Verification checks are performed only for those output values with unique calibration constants.
A L4451A and L4452A Calibration Procedures Voltage Output Verification 1 With the DMM disconnected from the L4451A, set the DMM to the 100V range or the lowest range that can measure 16V (do not use autorange). 2 Short the inputs to the DMM. The DMM reading is the offset voltage for the selected range. If the DMM has “null” capability, turn it on at this time. Otherwise, record the offset which will be subtracted from the subsequent voltage measurements.
A L4451A and L4452A Calibration Procedures Table A-2. L4451A Output Current and Voltage Levels (cont’d). Output Voltage Error From Nominal (90 day) 16V ± 11 mV 12V ± 9 mV 10V ± 8 mV 8V ± 7 mV 4V ± 5 mV 0V ± 3 mV -4V ± 5 mV -8V ± 7 mV -10V ± 8 mV -12V ± 9 mV -16V ± 11 mV Analog Output Adjustments The following analog output adjustment procedures are to be performed following a 1 hour warm up period.
A L4451A and L4452A Calibration Procedures Voltage Adjustments 1 With the DMM disconnected from the L4451A, set the DMM to the 100V range or the lowest range that can measure 16V (do not use autorange). 2 Short the inputs to the DMM. The DMM reading is the offset voltage for the selected range. If the DMM has “null” capability, turn it on at this time. Otherwise, record the offset which will be subtracted from the subsequent voltage measurements.
A L4451A and L4452A Calibration Procedures Table A-3. L4451A DAC Voltage Calibration Points. Calibration Point Minimum Expected Value Maximum Expected Value 1 -0.5V 0.5V 2 -10.0V -8.0V 3 -10.5V -8.5V 4 -11.0V -9.0V 5 -11.5V -9.5V 6 8.0V 10.0V 7 8.5 V 10.5V 8 9.0V 11.0V 9* 9.5V 11.5V Result * Voltage calibration constants for the channel are saved in non-volatile memory after completion of this step.
A L4451A and L4452A Calibration Procedures CALibration:BEGin:CURRent 1, (@1001) 6 Measure the DAC output on the DMM. Subtract the current offset measured in Step 2 from the reading. Write this value to the DAC using the command: CALibration:POINt? (measured current in Amps) Note the DAC output which is now calibration point 2 (Table A- 3). Subtract the offset current from the new DMM reading and write the value to the DAC as above.
A L4451A and L4452A Calibration Procedures L4452A Multifunction Module Verification and calibration of the L4452A Multifunction Module is limited to channels 6 and 7 which are the DAC (voltage) output channels. L4452A Verification The test connection for verifying the DAC output voltage on channels 6 and 7 of the L4452A are shown in Figure A- 3. L4452A Terminal Block DMM twist wires HI HI LO LO I Figure A-3. L4452A DAC Output Connections (Channels 6 and 7).
A L4451A and L4452A Calibration Procedures this time. Otherwise, record the offset which will be subtracted from the subsequent voltage measurements. 3 Connect channel 6 of the L4452A as shown in Figure A- 3. Configure the L4452A to output the voltages listed in Table A- 5. For each voltage level measured, subtract the offset voltage recorded in Step 2 as applicable. The results should be within the limits listed in Table A- 5. 4 Repeat Step 3 for channel 7.
L4451A and L4452A Calibration Procedures A 4 Connect channel 6 of the L4452A to the DMM as shown in Figure A- 3. Set the DMM to measure DC volts. 5 Set the first DAC calibration point using the command: CALibration:BEGin:VOLTage 1, (@) For channel 6, the command is executed as: CALibration:BEGin:VOLTage 1, (@1006) 6 Measure the DAC output on the DMM. Subtract the offset voltage measured in Step 2 from the reading.
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Index Numerics 34921T external reference, 108 temperature sensor, 108 terminal block, 108 34945EXT bank numbering, 143 description, 138 dimensions, 187 external power, 138 external power connections, 142 maximum number, 138 power consumption, 142 remote module identifiers, 145 34950T terminal block, 221 34951T terminal block, 233 34952T terminal block, 245 A aborting a calibration, 252 absolute reading format, 79 address string GPIB, 35 addresses IP, 20 addressing channel scheme, 52 Agilent calibration se
Index distribution board Y1150A (L4445A), 155 Y1151A (L4445A), 159 Y1152A (L4445A), 164 Y1153A (L4445A), 169 Y1154A (L4445A), 174 Y1155A (L4445A), 179 distribution boards L4445A, 154 downloading firmware updates, 39 drivers recommended, 16 D-sub pinouts L4421A, 107 L4433A (two-wire mode), 121 L4433A one-wire mode), 125 L4437A, 133 L4450A, 218 L4451A, 232 L4452A, 244 E editing LAN settings, 30 electrical operating conditions, 3, 66 environmental operating conditions, 2, 66 error queue, 97 example programs,
Index L4433A simplified schematic (two-wire mode), 120 L4433A terminal block (one-wire mode), 126 L4433A terminal block (two-wire mode), 122 L4437A connector pinouts, 133 power-fail jumper, 128 snubber circuitry, 134 terminal block, 134 L4437A example programs, 131 L4437A hardware description, 132 L4437A SCPI command summary, 130 L4437A simplified schematic, 132 L4437A temperature sensor, 128 L44387 instrument overview, 128 L4445A channel numbering, 143 channel pairing, 147 continuous drive mode, 146 defau
Index L4433A (two-wire mode), 121 L4437A, 133 L4450A, 218 L4451A, 232 L4452A, 244 pollution degree, 2 pollution degree definitions, 66 porting applications, 65 position indicators L4445A, 149 power cord connecting, 11 power-fail jumper L4437A, 128 power-on states, 45 private LAN networks, 17 programming examples, 59 C#, 60 IVI-C, 61 IVI-COM (.NET), 59 L4400 and 34980A instruments, 64 porting to other instruments, 65 VISA and VISA COM, 62 Visual Basic 6.0, 61 Visual Basic.
Index L4445A, 149 viewing alarm data, 87 VISA examples, 62 VISA COM examples, 62 VM Complete, 83 voltmeter complete, 83 W warranty, 2 Web interface, 28 editing LAN settings, 30 writing digital data L4450A, 201 Y Y113xA cables, 4 Y114xA connectors, 4 Y1150A distribution board L4445A, 155 Y1151A distribution board L4445A, 159 Y1152A distribution board L4445A, 164 Y1153A distribution board L4445A, 169 Y1154A distribution board L4445A, 174 Y1155A distribution board L4445A, 179 L4400 User’s Guide 269
