www.aja.com Published: 1/11/13 Installation and Operation Guide 11 B e c a u s e i t m a t t e r s .
ii Trademarks AJA®, KONA®, Ki Pro®, KUMO®, and XENA® and are registered trademarks of AJA Video, Inc. Io Express™, Io HD™, Io™, and Because It Matters™ are trademarks of AJA Video, Inc. Apple, the Apple logo, AppleShare, AppleTalk, FireWire, iPod, iPod Touch, Mac, and Macintosh are registered trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. Final Cut Pro, QuickTime and the QuickTime Logo are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. All other trademarks are the property of their respective holders.
KONA LHi Installation & Operation Guide — Limited Warranty Limited Warranty AJA Video warrants that this product will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of three years from the date of purchase. If a product proves to be defective during this warranty period, AJA Video, at its option, will either repair the defective product without charge for parts and labor, or will provide a replacement in exchange for the defective product.
iv
KONA LHi Installation and Operation Guide — Table of Contents Table of Contents Trademarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii Notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii FCC Emission Information . .
2 Chapter 3: Operation Using KONA LHi with Professional Video /Audio Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Using The AJA Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Control Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chapter 1: Introduction Edge Shot Photo Here Overview The AJA KONA LHi brings the highest quality 3G/HD/SD-SDI and analog video/audio to an Apple Mac Pro or Windows workstation. AJA drivers deliver extensive codec and media support within all professional 3rd-party Video applications. KONA LHi offers high quality digital and analog interfaces with support for 8- and 10-bit uncompressed video. DVCPRO HD, HDV, and Apple RT Extreme are also supported—and even accelerated by onboard hardware.
2 Hardware • 10-bit uncompressed QuickTime capture card • G/HD/SD SDI I/O • HDMI v1.3a w/Deep Color at 30 bits per pixel input/output • 12-bit SD and HD Analog Component/Composite/S-Video I/O • Broadcast quality hardware based 10-bit up-conversion • Broadcast quality hardware based 10-bit down-conversion • Broadcast quality hardware based 10-bit cross-conversion (1080 to 720 and 720 to 1080) • Broadcast quality hardware based 10-bit SD aspect ratio conversion (anamorphic to letterbox, etc.
KONA LHi Installation and Operation Guide — Understanding Typical Understanding Typical Workflows KONA LHi allows more workflow flexibility than ever before. Users can independently select different formats for capture and storage media, while also outputting to an array of analog and digital uncompressed formats—with all outputs active simultaneously. Capture can range from analog, DV, or SD and HD digital uncompressed.
4 HDV Data rate: 19 MB/second high definition720p, 25 MB/second high definition 1080i— supported by internal system drive Quality: Excellent You can use KONA LHi to convert HDV projects to uncompressed—in real time—for monitoring and/or output. KONA LHi can capture uncompressed from any input, directly to HDV media. The KONA LHi advanced scaling engine takes the native frame (long GOP 1440 HD) and outputs it via hardware—in real time.
KONA LHi Installation and Operation Guide — Understanding Typical Apple ProRes 422 and Apple ProRes 422 HQ (SD or HD) 5 Data rate: Approximately 18 MB/second ProRes 422, Approximately 31 MB/second ProRes 422 HQ— supported by internal system drive or attached storage Quality: Excellent, broadcast quality Captured media is virtually indistinguishable from pristine uncompressed sources.
6 What’s In The Box? When you unpack your AJA KONA LHi, you’ll find the following components (refer to “Unpacking” on page 15): • AJA KONA LHi Software and Documentation CD-ROM—this CD contains the software installer to place KONA LHi drivers and the Control Panel on an Apple MacPro or Windows Workstation. Install the software as discussed in this manual in Chapter 2: Installation and Configuration.
KONA LHi Installation and Operation Guide — System Requirements About RAIDs Redundant Array of Independent Disks, or RAID, is a group of hard drives that appears to the host computer as a single high-speed storage unit. RAID systems enable you to increase storage capacity and get the performance, reliability, and data protection needed for video production, but not possible from a single hard drive. RAID drives inside the array operate simultaneously, increasing overall throughput.
8 Storage capacity No matter which storage system you choose, pick one that can scale to meet your needs over time. Ideally, you should be able to increase storage capacity or switch to a RAID level offering increased data protection in the future. Balance current and future storage needs with your budget and choose accordingly. Transfer Rate in MB/sec Storage Requirement in GB/Hour Hours of Storage Per Terabyte of Disk 28 101 9.9 21 76 13.1 6.3 3.1 2.5 23 11 9 43.4 90.
KONA LHi Installation and Operation Guide — Cable Connections Cable Connections KONA LHi offers unsurpassed cable connectivity for a video/audio capture card. Connections are made via a supplied breakout cable, plus two BNCs and two HDMI connectors on the KONA LHi Card endplate.
10 Using KLHi-box The KLHi-box attaches to the KONA LHi card via cables that attach to the back of the box. These cables are supplied with the KLHi-Box. When you purchase the optional box, you get two-channel unbalanced audio output (2 RCA Jacks)—not available with the standard cable. AJA KLHi -Box Panel Connectors About BNC Connectors Although most video professionals are used to BNC connectors, you may not have seen them if you’ve been using primarily desktop video equipment.
KONA LHi Installation and Operation Guide — Cable Connections Two HDMI connectors on the LHi endplate provide for input and output of HDMI compatible video and multi-channel embedded audio (8 channels). HDMI v1.3a capability at 30 bits per pixel allows full support of the latest 10-bit monitors. HDCP is not supported on either input or output. The LHi’s HDMI output does not have HDCP, and input sources having HDCP are not supported.
12 Reference Video and LTC Input A single BNC on the standard KONA LHi cable—or two BNC connectors on KLHi-Box (it loops through)—allow you to synchronize KONA LHi outputs to your house analog reference video signal (or black burst). If you have a sync generator or central piece of video equipment to use for synchronizing other video equipment in your studio, then connect its analog composite output here. When KONA LHi outputs video it uses this reference signal to lock to.
Chapter 2: Installation Installation Overview The installation and set up of a KONA LHi is very simple. All of the steps of installation and configuration are documented in this chapter, summarized as follows: 1. Unpack and examine the contents of the shipping box 2. If not previously installed on your Mac or PC, ensure that the capture/editing application you intend to use is installed as detailed in its user documentation.
14 AJA KONA System Test and Data Rate Calculation To guarantee maximum system performance, use KONA System Test and the AJA Data Rate Calculator to evaluate your workstation capabilities. They are available on the AJA website at this support page: http://www.aja.com/en/products/software/ AJA System Test KONA System Test is a utility for measuring system performance with AJA KONA Video Capture cards. The application includes disk drive speed tests and video data copy (DMA) speeds.
KONA LHi Installation and Operation Guide — Unpacking Unpacking Shipping Box Contents KONA LHi is shipped with a CD containing system software and an Installation and User manual (a PDF on the CD), and a cable. If you purchased the optional KLHi-box breakout box, it ships with its own set of cables and instructions for connection to the KONA LHi card.
16 Installing the KONA LHi Card into a MacPro 1. Place the computer in a well-lit area, where you will have easy access when opening the MacPro chassis. 2. Using your hand, touch the outside of the Mac to discharge any static electricity you have. Remove the power cable from the back of the chassis. 3. Remove the side access door and described in your Apple User Manual. Lay the machine on its side, motherboard facing up. 4.
KONA LHi Installation and Operation Guide — Installing the KONA LHi Card To Install: 1. Remove Screw and Cover Plate and Insert KONA Card 2.
18 Installing the KONA Card in a Windows PC 1. Place the PC in a well-lit convenient area, where you will have easy access to the chassis access door. 2. Touch the outside of the PC to discharge any static electricity in your body. Remove the power cable from the back of the PC. 3. Open the PC to gain access to the card slots as described in your Workstation User Manual. 4. Remove the KONA card from its protective anti-static bag; place the card on top of the bag. 5.
KONA LHi Installation and Operation Guide — Installing the KONA Card in a 19 6. Open the card retainer bar on the left side of the chassis cardcage. Remove the card edge access cover from the desired slot where you will be inserting the KONA card. 7. Holding the KONA card by the card edge plate and an outside edge, carefully insert the KONA card by rocking it slowly into the slot.
20 Cabling the System System Video/Audio Cable Connections When installing your system, you’ll make video and audio input/output connections. These connectors are explained individually in chapter 2. Here, system interconnection is shown and described.
KONA LHi Installation and Operation Guide — Cabling the System Typical System A figure on the following page shows typical system interconnections for a system with digital A/V sources. Your system may differ depending on VTRs, audio monitoring, and video monitoring. 1. If desired, connect your house reference sync to the KONA LHi Ref Loop connector (BNC). The second KONA LHi Ref Loop connector on the KLHi-box (if used) can be connected to the VTR or terminated with a 75-ohm terminator.
22 Installing KONA LHi Software First ensure that your capture/editing application is installed as detailed in its user documentation. You cannot use KONA LHi with Third-party software until the application has been installed and run at least once on your workstation. Next, install the KONA LHi driver package. After installing KONA drivers you will install your selected AJA third-party plugins integrating KONA functionality into your capture/editing application.
KONA LHi Installation and Operation Guide — Installing KONA LHi Software Installation Procedure 1. Locate the downloaded driver on the desktop or the KONA LHi CD icon on the desktop. 2. Locate the package file in the folder from the download or by double clicking on the CD; the package has an icon that looks like a box and has a “.pkg” suffix. Note: Files ending in the “.pkg” suffix are OS X installer files. These launch the OS X installer and tell it where and what to install on your system. 3.
24 7. Click Continue to begin installation. 8. The next screen lets you know that the installer will check your Mac to ensure it has the hardware and software resources required (see Minimum Requirements in Chapter 1). System Check Installer Screen 9. Read and agree to the Software License Agreement.
KONA LHi Installation and Operation Guide — Installing KONA LHi Software 10.At the next screen, click the Install button to place the software on your computer. 1 Easy Install, Installer Screen 11.The installer will run and put all the necessary KONA LHi drivers, AJA Control Panel, presets and additional software on the desired hard drive. When it has completed installation, you’ll be asked to restart. the computer.
26 Final Installation Screen 12.Click the Restart button to complete the installation procedure. The system will perform a software restart and be ready for use. Note: You may be required to update the KONA card’s firmware if installing a new version. See “Updating KONA Firmware” on page 32. Installing KONA Software for Windows If your PC has previously had another video capture or multimedia card installed, remove the card and uninstall any related software before installing KONA.
KONA LHi Installation and Operation Guide — Installing KONA LHi Software KONA for PCRetail Drivers Installer Package Note: Before installing KONA software, turn off any virus protection and security software that you have installed on your computer. This section describes the AJA Retail Software package installation. The subsequent installations 1 are essentially the same but do not require restart of the computer. Refer to your specific plugin package Installation Guide.
28 License Agreement Read the KONA license agreement and check the Agreement box to accept. You will be asked to choose the type of installation you would like to perform.
KONA LHi Installation and Operation Guide — Installing KONA LHi Software If you don’t have all the KONA supported products installed on your workstation, you may choose to perform a Custom installation (default) and select only the software necessary for your applications. Otherwise, use the “Typical” installation. The following screens depict the more elaborate Custom installation. 1 Custom Installation Menu You may deselect an Item for installation by using the pulldown to make it unavailable.
30 Use the second level options choose the specific drivers and plugins you would like installed. Disabled selections are marked with a red X. Before clicking Next to install, you can verify your disk space availability by clicking the Disk Usage button. Workstation Disk Usage Display To return to the installation click OK. Click Next to begin the installation. screen.
KONA LHi Installation and Operation Guide — Installing KONA LHi Software When the installer has completed copying the KONA software to disk, you may see a standard Windows Logo test warning. Click on the “Continue Anyway” button to finish the installation. When the installation is completed, a final screen will be displayed announcing that “Setup has finished installing AJA KONA on your computer.” Click on the Finish button after the installation is complete.
32 Updating KONA Firmware When you update your KONA LHi software by downloading new versions from the aja.com website, it is possible that some versions may also require a firmware update to update the software stored in non-volatile memory on the board. Always carefully read the release notes that accompany each version to be installed. The release notes will spell out all required software and hardware necessary to ensure a successful update of your KONA LHi.
KONA LHi Installation and Operation Guide — Genlock and Your System 1 Firmware Update Warning Screen 5. After the firmware installation completes, you’ll be asked to Shut Down the computer, wait for two seconds, and then start up again. Firmware Update Warning Screen Important: A Restart of the computer will not load the new firmware—click Shut Down to initiate a complete ON/OFF power cycle to load the new firmware into the hardware.
34
Chapter 3: Operation Using KONA LHi with Professional Video /Audio Software After you install the KONA LHi software and any AJA plug-ins to support your choice of 3rdparty software, you’re then ready to begin capturing and playing back video and audio. Go here to look for AJA plugins and documentation for your favorite 3rd-party software applications: http://www.aja.
36 Block Diagram Screen—The top area of the Control Panel shows a visual picture representing the processing (if any) that’s currently occurring, including inputs/outputs, reference source, and system status. Lines between inputs, the framebuffer, and outputs, show a video path. Where there are no lines, it shows there is no connection; this can be because an input or output isn’t selected. The lines will also show whether the outputs are video or video + key.
KONA LHi Installation & Operation Guide — Using The AJA Control Panel icons in blue are the same as the Primary Format used by the framebuffer. Also any text descriptions in the block diagram that appear in blue also indicate that something is in the primary format. So, for example, if you see that the input and output icons are blue, then you know that the same format is used throughout the video path and that no format conversion is being performed.
38 Conversion: used to select codec options such as whether paused video appears as a full frame or a single field (jitter shown or not shown) and 24 to 30 fps padding patterns. DS Keyer: select downstream keyer mode, specify a graphic file or matte.
KONA LHi Installation & Operation Guide — Using The AJA Control Panel Control Screen 39 The KONA LHi can be controlled by various software applications running on a host Mac as well as be used as a Macintosh Desktop extension. The Control Screen is where you select how the card directs video and is used by application software. This screen also provides control for configuring output timing with regard to external reference video and horizontal/vertical delay.
40 No applications other than the AJA Control Panel need to be open to convert audio and video from one format to another. For example, if an SD source tape needs to be dubbed to an HD tape, the signal might be routed from the SD VTR to the LHi, configured for upconversion in the Control Panel and then passed through to the HD VTR for recording. Test Pattern: this selection directs KONA LHi to output a choice of preset pattern when no other application is using the card.
KONA LHi Installation & Operation Guide — Using The AJA Control Panel Formats Screen The Formats screen shows the video format currently in use by the KONA LHi framebuffer (called the Primary Format) and allows you to change it. All throughout the Control Panel, choices are always presented based on what KONA LHi can do with the signals available and the inputs/ outputs selected.
42 Format Screen Settings Primary (Framebuffer) Format—this pull-down menu shows the currently selected format. This pull-down appears in both the Primary Format area of the Formats screen as well as the Secondary Format area (if present). If you select an alternate value in the Primary Format using the pull-down, it will change the format used by the KONA LHi framebuffer.
KONA LHi Installation & Operation Guide — Using The AJA Control Panel Input Select Screen 1 Select an Input AJA Control Panel, Input Select Screen On the Inputs screen you can view the currently selected video and audio input sources and map audio sources to the channels supported by your editing application. Two information panes in the screen are provided: Video Input and Audio Input.
44 SDI Output Screen The SDI Out screen shows the current settings for the SDI output. If an input/output has no video, it will be indicated on the block diagram (“No Video”). AJA Control Panel, SDI Out Screen SDI Output Screen Settings Information that can appear includes the following items. You can view the current setting or click on another to change to it: Primary—when selected, this indicates that the SDI output is set to the same format as the framebuffer. That value will be listed in blue.
KONA LHi Installation & Operation Guide — Using The AJA Control Panel HDMI Screen The KONA LHi’s HDMI input and output are shown and configured at this screen. The HDMI input pane shows if an HDMI input source has been detected and locked on, showing the format found. 1 AJA Control Panel, HDMI Screen HDMI Screen Settings HDMI Output—one pulldown allows you to select either the primary video format (framebuffer) or a secondary one (up/down/cross-conversion).
46 Analog Out Screen KONA LHi provides a high-quality analog component or composite output, generally used for monitoring. This screen shows the current settings for that analog output, and allows you to re-configure it when desired. AJA Control Panel, Analog Out Screen Analog Out Screen Settings Select—Primary or Secondary (conversion) Analog Format—choices in the Analog Format pulldown menu vary depending upon the Analog Output video standard.
KONA LHi Installation & Operation Guide — Using The AJA Control Panel Video Setup Screen The KONA LHi’s Analog Black level and QuickTime Video Output Display Filter are configured here. 1 AJA Control Panel, Video Setup Screen Setup Screen Settings Analog Black Level—choices in the black Level pulldown menu are only available for the two Composite analog formats. Choices presented are for US or Japan settings: 7.
48 Audio Setup Screen The KONA LHi’s audio settings are configured here. AJA Control Panel, Audio Setup Screen Audio Setup Screen Settings Lock Audio Gain To Unity—When set, the KONA card will ignore the third-party application’s gain setting and set the audio gain at unity. When not set, this checkbox tells the KONA card to get the audio gain setting application (if supported).
KONA LHi Installation & Operation Guide — Using The AJA Control Panel Conversion Screen This screen is used to set conversion options. 1 AJA Control Panel, ConversionScreen Conversion Screen Settings Pause On—these two choices determine what happens when your editing application is paused in stop mode: Full Frame: both fields are displayed resulting in some jitter while paused.
50 RGB-YUV Conversion: These pulldowns select industry standard color space and gamma transfer functions for the YUV-RGB conversion, or allow you to direct the KONA card to automatically determine it for you. Colorspace—choose from: Rec 601 Rec 709 Auto Gamma—choose from the following: Linear (1.8) Rec 601 (2.20) Rec 709 (2.22) Auto Enable Custom LUTs—this checkbox enables a custom color lookup table (LUT).
KONA LHi Installation & Operation Guide — Using The AJA Control Panel DS Keyer Screen Settings Downstream Keyer Mode: Downstream Keyer Off — when this pulldown menu item is selected the downstream keyer will be turned off Frame Buffer over Matte— places the keyed video with alpha channel currently in the Frame Buffer over a fixed color matte determined by the “Matte Color” setting set separately.
52 Timecode Screen The timecode is used for both monitoring the RP-188 timecode embedded in the digital data stream and for selecting a timecode offset (if required) for the attached VTR (connected to KONA LHi’s RS-422 port)—and sent during assemble-edit mode. Note: SMPTE 12M-2 is the updated name and specification for what was RP-188. AJA Control Panel, Timecode Screen Timecode Screen Settings RP-188 Timecode —in RP-188 timecode (SMPTE 12M-2) there can be multiple timecode values in the data stream.
KONA LHi Installation & Operation Guide — Using The AJA Control Panel transmitted in the ancillary data space as defined in ANSI/SMPTE 291M. Multiple codes can be transmitted within a single digital video data stream. Other time information, such as real time clock, DTTR tape timer information, and other user-defined information, may also be carried in the ancillary time code packet instead of time code.
54 Firmware Screen Use the Firmware screen to access the firmware install screen. Click install to erase current firmware and load the firmware version contained in your current driver installation. Note the Installation message shown below. Firmware Update You will be required to power-cycle your computer to finish the update.
KONA LHi Installation & Operation Guide — Using The AJA Control Panel Info Screen This screen shows the KONA LHi software files that have been installed on your system. This information may be needed if you talk to an AJA Customer Service representative to determine if files are missing or need updating.
56 supported application that is running such as Adobe Premiere Pro or AJA TV, the AJA Control Panel in-use message will report the change by displaying the new application in control. If no in-use message is displayed, the AJA Control Panel is in control of KONA. If no QuickTime applications are running, the board’s state is determined by the AJA Control Panel application’s settings.
KONA LHi Installation & Operation Guide — Using 8-bit Versus 10-bit Video application, that application will use the new product for its input/ output, while the first application you launched will continue to use the other AJA product. Example: select a KONA LHi as the targeted product in the AJA Control Panel application. Launch your editing application (eg. Premiere Pro). The application is now using the KONA LHi for its input/output.
58
Chapter 4: Troubleshooting If You Run Into Problems One useful way to find the source of problems is to isolate your system to the smallest size where the problem still occurs and then note all the symptoms. This serves to eliminate areas not involved in the problem and makes finding the problem easier. Once you’ve noted problem symptoms, look through the following table and see if any of the symptoms are listed. If so, check the items listed.
60 Updating Software Check on the AJA Video website for software updates: http://www.aja.com/en/support/kona/mac/kona-lhi/ If any are available, download the file and read any associated instructions prior to installing the software. Support When calling for support, first check over your system configuration and ensure everything is connected properly and that current presets and Easy Setups match what you are trying to do.
Appendix A: Specifications KONA LHi PCIe 4-lane compatible Video Input 3G SD and HD-SDI, SMPTE-259/292/296/424, 10-bits HDMI v1.3 Composite/S-Video (Y/C): NTSC, NTSCJ, PAL 12-bit A/D, 2x oversampling 3 line adaptive comb filter decoding SMPTE/EBU N10, Betacam 525 line, Betacam 525J, RGB 12-bit A/D, 2x oversampling YPbPr 12-bit A/D 1D LUT Support (PC) Video Formats 525i 29.97 625i 25 720p 23.98 *, 24 *, 25 *, 29.97 *, 30 *, 50, 59.94, 60 1080i 25, 29.97, 30 1080PsF 23.98, 24, 25, 29.97, 30 1080P 23.
62 12-bit D/A, 8x oversampling HD Component: YPbPr, RGB 12-bit D/A, 2x oversampling Audio Digital: 24-bit SDI embedded audio, 8 channel, 48kHz 24-bit AES audio, 2 channel, 48kHz 16-bit capable Analog: 24-bit A/D and D/A, 2 channel balanced XLR, 48kHz +24dbu Full Scale Digital +/- 0.
LHi Installation and Operation Guide — SD to SD Aspect Ratio Conversion SD to SD Aspect Ratio Conversion Letterbox: This transforms SD anamorphic material to a letterboxed image. H Crop: Will produce a horizontally stretched effect on the image; transforms anamorphic SD to full frame SD Pillarbox: Will produce an image in the center of the screen with black borders on the left and right sides and an anamorphized image in the center V Crop: Will transform SD letterbox material to an anamorphic image.
64
KONA LHi Installation & Operation Guide for Mac & PC — Index Index C Symbols .
66 DPXtoQTtranslator DV (DV25) 3 DV50 3 DVCPRO HD 3 DVCProHD 3, 4, 5 2 E EBU N10 11 embedded audio 2 F features 1 Final Cut Pro and KONA 2 35 Foreground pre-multiplied (checkbox) 51 Format Screen Settings 42 format, primary 12 format, secondary 36 Formats and Transfer Rates/Storage Table 8 Frame Buffer over Matte 51 Frame Buffer over Video In 51 Framebuffer 36 Freerun 40 Full Frame 49 full-screen 42 G Genlock 40 Genlock and Your System 33 Getting Help 60 Graphic File 51 graphic file, test pattern outp
KONA LHi Installation & Operation Guide for Mac & PC — Index Primary Format 36 Primary format 12 problem symptoms 59 Problems, what to do 59 problems, what to do if you encounter 59 progressive frame 42 progressive segmented frame 42 psf 42 Q QTtoDPXtranslator 2 QuickTime™ Drivers 2 R RAID 7 RAID 0 7 RAID 1 7 RAID 5 7 RAID 50 7 RAIDs 7 RCA connector pair, K-Box configuration rear panel 10 Red 37 Ref In 40 Ref Loop 21 Reference Video 12 Requirements, System 6 RGB 11 RP 188 definition 52 RP-188 52 RP-188 T
68 video and audio input/output connections Video Format 42 Video Input 43, 61 video input source 40 Video Monitor 21 video path 37 Video/Audio connections 20 VTR 21 VTR RS-422 Control Port 11 VTR Xchange 2 VTRs, 11 Y Y/R-Y/B-Y 11 Yellow 37 YPbPr 11 YUV 11 Z Zoom 14 Zoom Letterbox Zoom Wide 42 42 20
