Instruction manual
Table Of Contents
- Introduction
- Declarations of conformity
- Safety instructions
- PIKE types and highlights
- FireWire
- Overview
- FireWire in detail
- Serial bus
- FireWire connection capabilities
- Capabilities of 1394a (FireWire 400)
- Capabilities of 1394b (FireWire 800)
- Compatibility between 1394a and 1394b
- Image transfer via 1394a and 1394b
- 1394b bandwidths
- FireWire Plug & play capabilities
- FireWire hot plug precautions
- Operating system support
- 1394a/b comparison
- System components
- Specifications
- Camera dimensions
- PIKE standard housing (2 x 1394b copper)
- PIKE (1394b: 1 x GOF, 1 x copper)
- Tripod adapter
- Pike W90 (2 x 1394b copper)
- Pike W90 (1394b: 1 x GOF, 1 x copper)
- Pike W90 S90 (2 x 1394b copper)
- Pike W90 S90 (1394b: 1 x GOF, 1 x copper)
- Pike W270 (2 x 1394b copper)
- Pike W270 (1394b: 1 x GOF, 1 x copper)
- Pike W270 S90 (2 x 1394b copper)
- Pike W270 S90 (1394b: 1 x GOF, 1 x copper)
- Cross section: C-Mount (VGA size filter)
- Cross section: C-Mount (large filter)
- Adjustment of C-Mount
- F-Mount, K-Mount, M39-Mount
- Camera interfaces
- Description of the data path
- Block diagrams of the cameras
- Sensor
- Channel balance
- White balance
- Auto shutter
- Auto gain
- Manual gain
- Brightness (black level or offset)
- Horizontal mirror function
- Shading correction
- Look-up table (LUT) and gamma function
- Binning (b/w models)
- Sub-sampling
- High SNR mode (High Signal Noise Ratio)
- Frame memory and deferred image transport
- Color interpolation (BAYER demosaicing)
- Sharpness
- Hue and saturation
- Color correction
- Color conversion (RGB ‡ YUV)
- Bulk Trigger
- Level Trigger
- Serial interface
- Controlling image capture
- Video formats, modes and bandwidth
- How does bandwidth affect the frame rate?
- Configuration of the camera
- Camera_Status_Register
- Configuration ROM
- Implemented registers
- Camera initialize register
- Inquiry register for video format
- Inquiry register for video mode
- Inquiry register for video frame rate and base address
- Inquiry register for basic function
- Inquiry register for feature presence
- Inquiry register for feature elements
- Inquiry register for absolute value CSR offset address
- Status and control register for feature
- Feature control error status register
- Video mode control and status registers for Format_7
- Advanced features
- Version information inquiry
- Advanced feature inquiry
- Camera status
- Maximum resolution
- Time base
- Extended shutter
- Test images
- Look-up tables (LUT)
- Shading correction
- Deferred image transport
- Frame information
- Input/output pin control
- Delayed Integration enable
- Auto shutter control
- Auto gain control
- Autofunction AOI
- Color correction
- Trigger delay
- Mirror image
- AFE channel compensation (channel balance)
- Soft Reset
- High SNR mode (High Signal Noise Ratio)
- User profiles
- GPDATA_BUFFER
- Firmware update
- Glossary
- Index
Glossary
PIKE Technical Manual V3.1.0
248
Glossary
4:1:1 YUV4:1:1 is a color mode (see YUV).
Chroma subsampling means that a lower resolution for the color (chroma)
information in an image is used than for the brightness (intensity or luma)
information.
Because the human eye is less sensitive to color than intensity, the chroma
components of an image need not be as well defined as the luma compo-
nent, so many video systems sample the color difference channels at a
lower definition (i.e., sample frequency) than the brightness. This reduces
the overall bandwidth of the video signal without much apparent loss of
picture quality. The missing values will be interpolated or repeated from
the preceding sample for that channel.
Sampling systems and ratios: The subsampling in a video system is usually
expressed as a three part ratio. The three terms of the ratio are: the number
of brightness (luminance, luma or Y) samples, followed by the number of
samples of the two color (chroma) components: U then V, for each com-
plete sample area. For quality comparison, only the ratio between those
values is important, so 4:4:4 could easily be called 1:1:1; however, tradi-
tionally the value for brightness is always 4, with the rest of the values
scaled accordingly.
YUV4:1:1 means: chroma subsampling, the horizontal color resolution is
quartered. This is still acceptable for lower-end and consumer applications.
Uncompressed video in this format with 8-bit quantization uses 6 bytes for
every macropixel (4 pixels in a row).
4:2:2 YUV4:2:2 is a color mode (see YUV).
For detailed explanation of chroma subsampling see 4:1:1.
In YUV4:2:2 color mode each of the two color-difference channels has half
the sample rate of the brightness channel, so horizontal color resolution is
only half that of 4:4:4.
ADC ADC = analog digital converter
An analog-to-digital converter (abbreviated ADC, A/D, or A to D) is a
device that converts continuous signals to discrete digital numbers.
Typically, an ADC converts a voltage to a digital number. A digital-to-
analog converter (DAC) performs the reverse operation.
AEC AEC = auto exposure control