PIONEER 200 Aircraft FLIGHT MANUAL __________________________________________ Document N° F2-1.0/R80/F/EU Dated 20-04-2002 Cover page MANUFACTURER : ALPI AVIATION S.r.l. Address : City : Country : Via dei Templari, 24 33080 San Quirino (PN) Italy Web Site : www.alpiaviation.com Telephone: E - mail : +39 0434 37 04 96 info@alpiaviation.com AIRCRAFT TYPE & MODEL Type : Pioneer Model : 200 Aircraft Mark : Aircraft S/N : By : www.aeroprogetti.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 0 F2-1.0/R80/F/EU TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION General 1 Limitations 2 Emergency Procedures 3 Normal Procedures 4 Performance 5 Weight and Balance Statement 6 This page will change with all revision issues REVISION : By :www.aeroprogetti.
Document N° : Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Section: 0 F2-1.0/R80/F/EU AMENDMENT RECORD SHEET Revision No. Page(s) affected 0 All pages Signature. Date of Incorporation 20-03-02 This page will change with all revision issues REVISION : By :www.aeroprogetti.
Document N° : Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Section: 0 F2-1.0/R80/F/EU INTRODUCTION This Flight Manual applies only to the particular aircraft identified by the registration marking and serial number on the Cover Page and contains the airworthiness limitations and essential operating data for this aircraft. The Flight Manual shall be carried in the aircraft on all flights.
Document N° : Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Section: 0 F2-1.0/R80/F/EU REVISIONS It is the responsibility of the owner to maintain this Manual in a current status when it is being used for operational purposes. Owners should contact Alpi Aviation S.r.l. whenever the revision status of their Manual is in question. A revision bar will extend the full length of new or revised text and/or illustrations added on new or presently existing pages.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 0 F2-1.0/R80/F/EU LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES Page 0-1 0-2 0-3 0-4 0-5 0-6 0-7 0-8 1-1 1-2 1-3 1-4 1-5 1-6 The dates of issue for original & revised pages are: Rev. Date Page Rev.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 0 F2-1.0/R80/F/EU DEFINITIONS AIRFIELD PRESSURE ALTITUDE The Airfield Pressure Altitude is that altitude registered at the surface of the aerodrome by an altimeter with the pressure subscale set to 1013 millibars INDICATED AIRSPEED (I.A.S.) Indicated airspeed, which is the reading obtained from an airspeed indicator having no calibration error.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 0 F2-1.0/R80/F/EU V x BEST ANGLE-OF-CLIMB SPEED The speed which results in the greatest gain of altitude in a given horizontal distance. Vy The speed which results in the greatest gain in altitude in a given time. BEST RATE-OF-CLIMB SPEED METEOROLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY OAT OUTSIDE AIR TEMPERATURE The free static air temperature. It is expressed in either degrees Celsius or degrees Fahrenheit.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 0 F2-1.0/R80/F/EU WEIGHT AND BALANCE TERMINOLOGY STATION Only two load stations are specified: ie Seat Station which is the centre of the fixed seats and Fuel Station which is the centre of the fixed fuel tank. C.G. The point at which an airplane, or equipment, would balance if suspended. CENTRE OF GRAVITY C.G. LIMITS The extreme centre of gravity locations within which the airplane must be operated at a given weight.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 1 General F2-1.0/R80/F/EU Section1 - General Table of Contents 1.1. AIRCRAFT THREE VIEW DRAWING 2 1.2. TECHNICAL DATA 4 1.2.1. ENGINE 4 1.2.2. PROPELLER 4 1.2.3. APPROVED FUEL TYPES AND GRADES 4 1.2.4. FUEL CAPACITY 4 1.2.5. APPROVED OIL GRADES 5 1.2.6. COOLANT 5 1.2.7. OIL CAPACITY 5 1.2.8.
Document N° : Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Section: 1 General F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 1.1.
Document N° : Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Section: 1 General F2-1.0/R80/F/EU Ground Turning Radius = 6 metres.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 1 General F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 1.2. TECHNICAL DATA 1.2.1. ENGINE Manufacturer: ROTAX GmbH Aircraft Engine Type: 1.2.2. 912 UL Series liquid cooled PROPELLER Manufacturer: TONINI Type: Fixed Pitch Wooden GT 166X142 Diameter: 166 cm Pitch: 142 cm 1.2.3.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 1 General F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 1.2.5. APPROVED OIL GRADES Motorcycle oil of a registered brand with gear additive Specification Exemples : API classification "SJ" or "SG" Shell - Advance VSX 4 (SAE 20W-40) Castrol - Syntetic Blend (SAE 5W-50) Shell - Synthetic Blend (SAE 10W-30) For temp. Above and belove stated check Rotax engine manuals For AVGAS use chech Rotax engine manuals 1.2.6.
Document N° : Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Section: 1 General F2-1.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 2 Limitations F2-1.0/R80/F/EU Section 2 - Limitations Table of Contents Table of contents 1 2.1. Introduction 2 2.2. Type of operation 2 2.3. Airspeed limitations 2 2.4. Weights and loading 3 2.5. Centre of gravity limits 3 2.6. Powerplant limitations 4 2.7. Other limitations 4 2.7.1. Authorised manoeuvres and limitations 4 2.7.2. Smoking 4 2.7.3. Max. air temperature for operations 5 2.7.4. Flights with doors removed 5 2.7.5.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 2 Limitations F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 2.1. INTRODUCTI0N Section 2 includes operating limitations, instrument markings and basic placards necessary for the safe operation of the airplane, its engine, standard systems and standard equipment. Observance of these operating limitations is required. The aeroplane shall be operated so that the limitations and instructions included in this section are observed. 2.2. TYPE OF OPERATION VFR by Day see also para 2.7.1.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 2 Limitations F2-1.0/R80/F/EU Airspeed Indicator Markings and their operational significance are shown below. MARKING Km/h SIGNIFICANCE Range White Arc 65 - 100 Full-flap operating range. Lower limit is max. weight Vso in landing configuration. Upper limit is max. speed permissible with flaps extended. Green Arc 100 - 180 Normal operating range. Lower limit is Take-off Safety speed. Upper limit is max. structural cruising speed.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 2 Limitations F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 2.6. POWERPLANT LIMITATIONS Instrument Yellow Arc Green Arc Red Radial Line/Arc Tachometer 1000 - 1400RPM 1400 - 5500 RPM 5800 RPM Oil Temp.
Document N° : Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Section: 2 Limitations F2-1.0/R80/F/EU Prohibited. 2.7.3. MAXIMUM AIR TEMPERATURE FOR OPERATIONS 40o C for takeoff at gross weight. 2.7.4. MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS Two (including Pilot). 2.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Limitations F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 2.9.
Document N° : Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Section: 2 Limitations F2-1.0/R80/F/EU External Fuselage STATIC VENT KEEP CLEAR EARTH ON No step Tyre pressure 32.3 Psi (2.
Document N° : Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Section: 2 Limitations F2-1.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 3 Emergency Procedures F2-1.0/R80/F/EU Section 3 - Emergency Procedures Table of Contents 3.1. INTRODUCTION 2 3.2. AIRSPEEDS FOR EMERGENCY OPERATION 2 3.3. OPERATIONAL CHECKLISTS 3 3.3.1. . . . . ENGINE FAILURES ENGINE FAILURE DURING TAKEOFF RUN 3 ENGINE FAILURE IMMEDIATELY AFTER TAKEOFF 3 ENGINE FAILURE DURING FLIGHT AIRSTART & LIMITATIONS 3 3 4 3.3.2. . . . .
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 3 Emergency Procedures F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 3.1. INTRODUCTION Section 3 provides checklist and other procedures for coping with emergencies that may occur. Emergencies caused by aeroplane malfunctions are rare if proper preflight inspections and maintenance are practiced. En route weather emergencies can be minimized or eliminated by careful flight planning and good judgement when unexpected weather is encountered.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 3 Emergency Procedures F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 3.3. OPERATIONAL CHECKLISTS 3.3.1.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 3 Emergency Procedures F2-1.0/R80/F/EU AIRSTART & LIMITATIONS In the event that the engine is stopped during flight, it may be restarted by application of fuel & ignition, provided that the propeller is still windmilling. The following procedure addresses only airstarts by use of the Starter Motor. IMPORTANT DO NOT depress starter button while propeller is rotating.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 3 Emergency Procedures F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 3.3.2. FIRE FIRE DURING START ON GROUND 1 Cranking CONTINUE to get a start that would suck the flames and accumulated fuel through the carburettor and into the engine. If engine starts, 2 Power 2500 RPM 3 Fuel OFF & allow engine to empty carburettor 4 Engine Inspect for damage If engine fails to start, 5 Cranking CONTINUE in an effort to obtain a start.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 3 Emergency Procedures F2-1.0/R80/F/EU ENGINE FIRE IN FLIGHT 1 Throttle CLOSED 2 Fuel Shutoff Valve OFF 3 Mag Switches OFF 4 Master Switch OFF 5 Fuel Pump Switch OFF 6 Cabin Air OFF 7 Airspeed 110 Km/h (if fire is not extinguished, increase glide speed to find an airspeed which will provide an incombustible mixture). 8 Forced Landing Execute (as described in Emergency Landing Without Engine Power).
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 3 Emergency Procedures F2-1.0/R80/F/EU CABIN FIRE 1 Master Switch OFF 2 Vents/Cabin Air (*) OPEN 3 Land as soon as possible to inspect for damage. (*) Have been demonstrated possibility to open canopy in flight up to 100 mm slot, manually blocked in this position. If released, the canopy will close by aerodynamic force. 3.3.3.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 3 Emergency Procedures F2-1.0/R80/F/EU AIRFIELD OR AIRSTRIP PRECAUTIONARY LANDING WITH ENGINE POWER 1 Airspeed 100-105 Km/h 2 Wing Flaps 1st Stage 3 Fuel Pump ON 4 Selected Field FLY OVER Note terrain and obstructions 5 Radio and Electrical Switches ON 6 Wing Flaps FULL ( on final approach ) 7 Airspeed 90 Km/h Note : IF FIRE Release canopy and seat belts just before touchdown.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 3 Emergency Procedures F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 7 Note : IF FIRE Release canopy and seat belts just before touchdown.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 3 Emergency Procedures F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 2 Heavy Objects SECURE 3 Approach High winds, heavy seas INTO wind. Light winds, heavy swells Parallel to Swells 4 Wing Flaps UP 5 Power establish 15 m/min (50ft/min) descent at 90 Km/h 6 Canopy Just before splashdown open canopy 7 Touchdown level attitude 8 Face Cushion at touchdown with folded coat or cushion 9 Aeroplane Release seat belts. Evacuate through canopy. 10 Lifevests Inflate 3.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 3 Emergency Procedures F2-1.0/R80/F/EU Refit magneto-thermal fuse, if again fails continue to next airport and inspect or replace. Run, after, the engine; if the fuse again fails rectify before continuing flight. 3.3.6. MAXIMUM GLIDE - For Minimum Rate of Sink: 110 KM/H - For Maximum Distance in Still Air: 110 Km/h - To maximize distance achieved into wind, increase glide speed by approximately 1/3 of wind velocity.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 3 Emergency Procedures F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 3.4.1. CARBURETTOR HEAT (IF APPLICABLE) This system serves to prevent the formation of ice within the carburettor, where it primarily forms on the throttle plates in such a manner as to obstruct the airflow, with resultant eventual engine stoppage.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 3 Emergency Procedures F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 3.4.3. LOW OIL PRESSURE 1 A rapid drop from normal indicated pressure to indication "0” Action Observe for smell of oil Open cabin air vents Observe for signs of spilt oil on cowls, windscreen, wing surface. If strong smell of oil and oil appearing on airframe, reduce power to minimum to sustain level flight and proceed to nearest landing area.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 3 Emergency Procedures F2-1.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 4 Normal Operations F2-1.0/R80/F/EU Section 4 - Normal Operations Table of Contents 4.1. INTRODUCTION 2 4.2. SPEEDS FOR NORMAL OPERATION 2 4.3. CHECKLIST & PROCEDURES 3 4.3.1. PREFLIGHT INSPECTION 3 4.3.2. BEFORE STARTING ENGINE 7 4.3.3. STARTING ENGINE - COLD ENGINE. 8 4.3.4. STARTING ENGINE - HOT ENGINE. 9 4.3.5. WARM-UP and FUNCTIONAL CHECK 9 4.3.6. BEFORE TAKEOFF 9 4.3.7. TAKEOFF 11 4.3.8. ENROUTE CLIMB 12 4.3.9. CRUISE 12 4.3.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 4 Normal Operations F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 4.1. INTRODUCTION Section 4 provides checklist and other procedures for the conduct of normal operations. 4.2. SPEEDS FOR NORMAL OPERATION The following speeds are based on a maximum weight of 450 Kg and may be used for any lesser weight. Takeoff: Km/h st Initial Climb Out, 1 Stage Flap 100 st Short Field Takeoff, 1 Stage Flap Speed at 15 meters..
Document N° : Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Section: 4 Normal Operations F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 4.3. CHECKLIST & PROCEDURES 4.3.1.
Document N° : Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Section: 4 Normal Operations F2-1.0/R80/F/EU NOTE Visually check airplane for general condition during walk-around inspection. In cold weather, remove even small accumulations of frost, ice or snow from wing, tail and control surfaces. Also, make sure that control rods and cables are free of ice and move freely.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 4 Normal Operations F2-1.0/R80/F/EU PREFLIGHT INSPECTION CHECKLISTS 1 - FUEL 1 Fuel Quantity CHECK level in tank through visual or little rod. Chech instrument for security 2 Water Check Before first flight of the day & after each refueling, use sampler cup & drain small quantity of fuel from fuel tank sump quickdrain valve & check for water & sediment.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 4 Normal Operations F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 5 - RIGHT WING 1 Wing Tie-down DISCONNECT. 2 Main Wheel & Tyre CHECK for security. Proper tyre inflation & wear or damage. 3 Wing Root Mount Bolts CHECK for security.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 4 Normal Operations F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 2 Flap CHECK security. 3 Control Rods & Cables CHECK aileron & flap control bolts & nuts & flap control rod for security. CHECK rod ends for freedom of rotation & excessive movement 9 - CABIN 1 Flight manual AVAILABLE IN THE AIRCRAFT. 2 Control lock.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 4 Normal Operations F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 4.3.2. BEFORE STARTING ENGINE 1 Preflight Inspection COMPLETE 2 Seatbelts & Harness ADJUST & LOCK 3 Fuel Shutoff Valve ON 4 Radio/Intercom OFF 5 Brakes TEST & SET 4.3.3. STARTING ENGINE - COLD ENGINE.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 4 Normal Operations F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 4.3.4. STARTING ENGINE - HOT ENGINE. Proceed as for cold engine above, but eliminate the priming operation 3. Instead, open throttle to 1/4. 4.3.5. WARM-UP and FUNCTIONAL CHECK Warm-up the engine with a fast idle of 1500 - 2500 RPM until the oil temperature reaches 50 degrees C. During this phase, the cooling is insufficient due to reduced airflow.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 4 Normal Operations F2-1.0/R80/F/EU either system. If drop is excessive, shut down & determine the reason. Switch No. 2 Ignition ON. NOTE During the check with one system only, the inactive sparkplugs may tend to load up slightly. To clean plugs, run the engine with both ignitions for a few seconds, then recheck the second system. 9 Power Check Throttle to 550 RPM Open the throttle fully & slowly to check the maximum RPM being produced.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 4 Normal Operations F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 4.3.7. TAKEOFF Normal Takeoff 1 Wing Flaps 1st Stage 2 Carburettor Heat COLD 3 Throttle FULL.....OPEN 4 Elevator Control LIFT NOSE WHEEL AT 45-55 Km/h and wait for aircraft to fly itself off (at around 75 Km/h) 5 Climb Speed 100 Km/h until Flaps retracted, then 110 Km/h.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 4 Normal Operations F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 4.3.8. ENROUTE CLIMB 1 Airspeed 100 Km/h 2 Throttle FULL OPEN NOTE : During climb, monitor the water & oil temperatures to avoid exceeding their limits. The aircraft has been tested to ensure adequate cooling in climb, therefore any excessive readings may indicate a malfunction. Should this occur, decrease the rate of climb in order to increase the airspeed for improved cooling. 4.3.9.
Document N° : Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Section: 4 Normal Operations F2-1.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 4 Normal Operations F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 4.3.13. SECURING AIRPLANE 1 Radio/Intercom OFF 2 Ignition Switches OFF 3 Master Switch OFF 4 Controls LOCK with seatbelt 5 Fuel OFF 4.4. OTHER PROCEDURES 4.4.1. FUELING SAFETY WARNINGS > Never prepare fuel in an area that is enclosed or where fumes could reach ignition point. DO NOT SMOKE or allow open flames or sparks in the vicinity. Never add fuel while the engine is running.
Document N° : Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Section: 4 Normal Operations F2-1.0/R80/F/EU > Before first flight of the day, and after each refueling, use a sampler cup and drain a small quantity of fuel from the fuel tank sump quick drain valve -check for water, sediment and contamination. FUEL SYSTEM WATER DRAINAGE Where there is a suspicion that water may be present in the fuel tank, the following procedure is to be followed.
Document N° : Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Section: 4 Normal Operations F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 4.4.3. PROPELLER CARE Full throttle run up over loose gravel is especially harmful to propeller tips. When takeoffs must be made over a gravel surface, it is very important that the throttle is advanced slowly. This allows the airplane to start rolling before high RPM is developed, and the gravel will be blown behind the propeller rather than pulled into it.
Document N° : Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Section: 4 Normal Operations F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 4.4.7. BAULKED LANDING In a baulked landing (go-around) climb, the wing flap setting should be reduced to the First Stage and landing gears retracted, immediately after full power is applied and the aircraft has accelerated to a safe climb speed. Upon reaching a safe airspeed, the flaps should be slowly retracted to the full up position, whilst allowing the aircraft to accelerate to the best climb speed. 4.4.8.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° : Section: 4 Normal Operations F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 4.4.10. STOPPING THE ENGINE To stop the engine, turn OFF the ignition switches and turn OFF the Master Switch. Carburettor Heat should be returned to the Full IN or cold position. 4.4.11.
Document N° : Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Section: 4 Normal Operations F2-1.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° Section: 5 Performance F2-1.0/R80/F/EU Section 5 - Performance Table of Contents Table of Contents 1 5.1. STALLING 2 5.1.1. STALL SPEEDS 2 5.1.2. NATURE OF STALL WARNING 2 5.2. TAKEOFF & LANDING DISTANCES 2 5.3.
Document N° Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Section: 5 Performance F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 5.1. STALLING 5.1.1. STALL SPEEDS (In Km/h and power off condition - Maximum Takeoff & Landing Weight) Flap Setting Vs 5.1.2. Zero 80 Stage 1 Takeoff 70 Stage 2 Landing 60 NATURE OF STALL Aircraft buffeting announce the stall. 5.2. TAKEOFF & LANDING DISTANCES Takeoff safety speed is 1.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° Section: 6 Weight and Balance F2-1.0/R80/F/EU Section 6 - Weight and Balance Table of Contents 6.1. Introduction 2 6.2. Aircraft Weight Record 2 6.3. Center of Gravity Limits 3 6.3.1. Operational Aircraft Center of Gravity 6.4.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° Section: 6 Weight and Balance F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 6.1. Introduction This section contains basic weight and center of gravity information necessary to ensure correct loading. It records the weight and balance of the empty aircraft, together with the Aircraft Weight & Balance diagram. These documents are to be carried in the Flight Manual at all times. 6.2. Aircraft Weight Record Registration No.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° Section: 6 Weight and Balance F2-1.0/R80/F/EU Maximum takeoff and landing weight 450 Kg) 6.3. Center of Gravity Limits 6.3.1. Operational Aircraft Center of Gravity 20% MAC = 670 mm aft of datum up to & including 350 kg Forward Limit: 26% MAC = 685 mm aft of datum @ 450 Kg. Variation is linear between 350 and 450 Kg 32% MAC = 768 mm aft of datum at all weights Aft Limit Fire-guard bulked. Datum MAC L.E. station 320 mm aft of datum (M.A.C.
Pioneer 200 Flight Manual Document N° Section: 6 Weight and Balance F2-1.0/R80/F/EU 6.4. Aircraft Equipment List Items listed in the following table were fitted to the standard aircraft at manufacture and were included in the aircraft basic weight.
