Inc. Computer Hardware User Manual

REV. B
ADuC812
–40–
ADuC812 HARDWARE DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
This section outlines some of the key hardware design consider-
ations that must be addressed when integrating the ADuC812
into any hardware system.
Clock Oscillator
The clock source for the ADuC812 can come either from an
external source or from the internal clock oscillator. To use the
internal clock oscillator connect a parallel resonant crystal
between Pins 32 and 33, and connect a capacitor from each pin
to ground as shown below.
XTAL2
XTAL1
TO INTERNAL
TIMING CIRCUITS
ADuC812
Figure 35. External Parallel Resonant Crystal Connections
XTAL2
XTAL1
TO INTERNAL
TIMING CIRCUITS
ADuC812
EXTERNAL
CLOCK
SOURCE
Figure 36. Connecting an External Clock Source
Whether using the internal oscillator or an external clock source,
the ADuC812’s specified operational clock speed range is 300 kHz
to 16 MHz. The core itself is static, and will function all the way
down to dc. But at clock speeds slower that 400 kHz the ADC
will no longer function correctly. Therefore to ensure specified
operation, use a clock frequency of at least 400 kHz and no
more than 16 MHz.
External Memory Interface
In addition to its internal program and data memories, the
ADuC812 can access up to 64K bytes of external program
memory (ROM/PROM/etc.) and up to 16M bytes of external
data memory (SRAM).
To select from which code space (internal or external program
memory) to begin executing instructions, tie the EA (external
access) pin high or low, respectively. When EA is high (pulled up
to V
DD
), user program execution will start at address 0 of the
internal 8K bytes Flash/EE code space. When EA is low (tied to
ground) user program execution will start at address 0 of the
external code space. In either case, addresses above 1FFF hex
(8K) are mapped to the external space.
Note that a second very important function of the EA pin is
described in the Single Pin Emulation Mode section of this
data sheet.
External program memory (if used) must be connected to the
ADuC812 as illustrated in Figure 37. Note that 16 I/O lines
(Ports 0 and 2) are dedicated to bus functions during external
program memory fetches. Port 0 (P0) serves as a multiplexed
address/data bus. It emits the low byte of the program counter
(PCL) as an address, and then goes into a float state awaiting
the arrival of the code byte from the program memory. During the
time that the low byte of the program counter is valid on P0, the
signal ALE (Address Latch Enable) clocks this byte into an
address latch. Meanwhile, Port 2 (P2) emits the high byte of the
program counter (PCH), then PSEN strobes the EPROM and
the code byte is read into the ADuC812.
LATCH
EPROM
OE
A8–A15
A0–A7
D0–D7
(INSTRUCTION)
ADuC812
PSEN
P2
ALE
P0
Figure 37. External Program Memory Interface
Note that program memory addresses are always 16 bits wide, even
in cases where the actual amount of program memory used is less
than 64K bytes. External program execution sacrifices two of the
8-bit ports (P0 and P2) to the function of addressing the program
memory. While executing from external program memory, Ports
0 and 2 can be used simultaneously for read/write access to exter-
nal data memory, but not for general-purpose I/O.
Though both external program memory and external data memory
are accessed by some of the same pins, the two are completely
independent of each other from a software point of view. For
example, the chip can read/write external data memory while
executing from external program memory.
Figure 38 shows a hardware configuration for accessing up to
64K bytes of external RAM. This interface is standard to any
8051-compatible MCU.
LATCH
SRAM
OE
A8–A15
A0–A7
D0–D7
(DATA)
ADuC812
RD
P2
ALE
P0
WE
WR
Figure 38. External Data Memory Interface (64 K Address
Space)