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Table Of Contents
- Aperture User Manual
- Contents
- Introducing Aperture
- PartI: Interface and Acquisition
- An Overview of Aperture
- The Aperture Interface
- Working with Aperture Projects
- Basic Components of Aperture
- Working with Projects
- Creating and Naming Projects
- Opening and Closing Projects
- Creating and Showing Favorite Projects
- Deleting Images from Projects and Albums
- Deleting Items from the Projects Inspector
- Working with Library Files
- Working with the Library in the Projects Inspector
- Quickly Accessing Commands
- Importing Images
- An Overview of Importing Images
- File Formats You Can Import into the Library
- Planning Your Import Strategy
- Importing from Your Digital Camera or Card Reader
- Importing Image Files Stored on Your Computer
- Automatically Naming Your Imported Images
- Adding Metadata to Images During Import
- Creating Stacks Automatically During Import
- Adjusting the Image File’s Time When Importing
- Dragging Files from the Finder to the Projects Inspector
- Capturing Images as You Work
- Importing Folders of Images from the Finder
- Importing Your iPhoto Library
- Browsing and Selecting Images from Your iPhoto Library
- Transferring Projects from Another System
- Making an Immediate Backup
- Where Aperture Stores Your Managed Files in the Library
- Migrating Images from Previous Versions of Aperture
- PartII: Photo Editing
- Working with Images intheBrowser
- An Overview of the Browser
- Navigating Through and Selecting Images
- Working with Images in Filmstrip View
- Working with Images in Grid View
- Working with Images in List View
- Choosing a Workspace View
- Navigating Through Images in Quick Preview Mode
- Searching for Images in the Browser
- Rearranging Images in the Browser
- Sorting Images
- Rotating Images
- Creating Versions of an Image
- Deleting Images from the Browser
- Dragging Images into Different Projects and Albums
- Working with Referenced Images
- Identifying Referenced Images
- Displaying a List of Referenced Images
- Locating a Referenced Image on a Hard Disk
- Reconnecting Missing or Offline Referenced Images
- Relocating Referenced Images’ Masters
- Moving Referenced Images’ Masters to the Aperture Library
- Copying, Moving, and Deleting Referenced Images
- Using the Query HUD to Search for Referenced Images’ Masters
- Working with Two or More Projects Open
- Displaying Specific Metadata with Your Images
- Displaying Images in the Viewer
- An Overview of the Viewer
- Showing and Hiding the Viewer
- Changing the Viewer Background
- Changing the Number of Images in the Viewer
- Comparing Images
- Viewing Stacks
- Viewing Images with the Loupe
- Showing Hot and Cold Areas in Your Images
- Viewing Images at Full Resolution
- Viewing Master Images
- Setting Up the Viewer for Onscreen Proofing
- Viewing Images on Multiple Displays
- Displaying Metadata Associated with Images
- Working with Preview Images
- Displaying Images in the Viewer
- Controlling Preview Images
- Rendering Preview Images
- Sample Workflows for Using Previews Effectively
- Determining Which Versions Have Previews
- Turning Previews Off
- Dragging and Dropping
- Integration with iLife and iWork
- Integration with Mac OS X Desktop & Screen Saver System Preferences
- Displaying Offline Referenced Images
- Suppressing Preview Generation When Opening Aperture
- Quickly Accessing Commands
- Viewing Images inFullScreenView
- An Overview of Full Screen View
- Entering and Exiting Full Screen View
- Working with the Filmstrip in Full Screen View
- Working with the Toolbar in Full Screen View
- Using HUDs in Full Screen View
- Changing the Display of Metadata in Full Screen View
- Using Keyboard Shortcuts in Full Screen View
- Quickly Accessing Commands
- Stacking Images andMakingPicks
- Rating Images
- Applying Keywords to Images
- An Overview of Keywords
- Viewing Keywords Applied to Images
- Applying Keywords Using the Keywords HUD
- Applying Keywords Using Keyword Controls andKeywordPresets
- Applying Keywords UsingtheLift&Stamp HUD
- Applying Keywords Using the Metadata Inspector
- Applying Keywords to Images in the Light Table
- Removing Keywords from an Image
- Importing and Exporting Keyword Lists
- Working with Metadata
- An Overview of Metadata, Metadata Views, and Metadata Presets
- Displaying Metadata with Your Images
- Turning the Display of Metadata On or Off
- Viewing and Changing Metadata in the Metadata Inspector and Inspector HUD
- Working with the AutoFill Editor
- Working with Metadata Views
- Working with Metadata Presets
- Batch Changing Metadata
- More Information About IPTC Metadata
- Understanding Badge Overlays
- Adjusting Image Date and Time
- Searching for andDisplayingImages
- An Overview of Searching
- Controls in the Query HUD
- Searching Across the Entire Library
- Searching by Image Name, Caption, or Other Text
- Searching by Keyword
- Searching by Date
- Searching by Rating
- Searching by IPTC Information
- Searching by EXIF Information
- Searching by Adjustments
- Searching by Import Session
- Searching by File Status
- Searching by Other Metadata
- Searching by a Combination of Criteria
- Saving Your Search Results
- Grouping Images withSmartAlbums
- Working with Images intheBrowser
- PartIII: Performing Image Adjustments
- An Overview ofImageAdjustments
- An Overview of Adjustments in Aperture
- Using the Adjustment Controls
- Working with Adjustment Tools in the Viewer
- Performing Adjustments in Full Screen View
- Applying Adjustments to a Group of Images
- Working with Adjustment Presets
- Remove Adjustments Command
- Using Modifier Keys to Identify Color Clipping
- Using the Color Meter
- Using an External Editor
- Working with the RAW Fine Tuning Controls
- Understanding How to Read Histograms
- Making Image Adjustments
- Working with Automatic Adjustments
- Working with the Red Eye Correction Controls
- Working with the Retouch and Spot & Patch Controls
- Working with the Devignette Controls
- Working with the Straighten Controls
- Working with the Crop Controls
- Working with the White Balance Controls
- Working with the Exposure Controls
- Working with the Enhance Controls
- Working with the Levels Controls
- Working with the Highlights & Shadows Controls
- Adjusting Brightness Values in the Highlight Areas oftheImage
- Adjusting Brightness Values in the Shadow Areas oftheImage
- Using the Highlights & Shadows Advanced Settings
- Adjusting the Radius of the Highlights & Shadows Controls
- Adjusting the Color Correction for the Highlights & Shadows Controls
- Adjusting the High Tonal Width of the Highlights & Shadows Controls
- Adjusting the Midtone Contrast of the Highlights & Shadows Controls
- Adjusting the Low Tonal Width of the Highlights & Shadows Controls
- Working with the Color Controls
- Working with the Monochrome Mixer Controls
- Working with the Color Monochrome Controls
- Working with the Sepia Tone Controls
- Working with the Noise Reduction Controls
- Working with the Sharpen and Edge Sharpen Controls
- Working with the Vignette Controls
- An Overview ofImageAdjustments
- PartIV: Distribution and Backup
- Printing Your Images
- An Overview of Printing
- Controls in the Print Dialog
- Printing a Single Image
- Printing a Series of Images
- Printing a Contact Sheet or Series of Contact Sheets
- Printing a Book
- Printing a Light Table Arrangement
- Creating and Modifying Print Presets
- Proofing Your Images Onscreen
- Calibrating Your Printer
- Turning Off Color Management in Your Printer
- Exporting Your Images
- An Overview of Exporting Images
- Exporting Copies of Masters
- Exporting Image Versions
- Setting Image Resolution When Exporting
- Renaming Images at Export
- Adjusting Images at Export
- Adding a Watermark at Export
- Tips for Creating High-Quality Watermarks
- Applying IPTC Metadata and Keywords to Your Images
- Exporting Metadata Listed in a Separate File
- Exporting Using Plug-ins
- Exporting Images to Use in Email
- Working with Export Presets
- Creating Slideshow Presentations
- An Overview of Slideshows
- Creating a Slideshow
- Controlling a Slideshow
- Arranging the Order of a Slideshow’s Images
- Controls in the Slideshow Presets Dialog
- Creating Slideshow Presets
- Modifying Slideshow Presets
- Creating a Growing Grid of Images
- Playing Your Slideshow on Your Main Display Only
- Displaying Your Images to Music
- Using the Light Table
- An Overview of the Light Table
- Creating a Light Table Album
- Placing and Viewing Images in the Light Table
- Moving and Resizing Images in the Light Table
- Aligning and Arranging Images in the Light Table
- Adjusting the Light Table View
- Setting View Options for the Light Table
- Transferring Images from the Light Table
- Printing a Light Table Arrangement
- Deleting a Light Table Album
- Creating Webpages
- Creating Books
- An Overview of Creating Books
- Planning Your Book
- Creating a Book Album
- Controls in the Book Layout Editor
- Choosing a Theme
- Viewing Pages
- Placing Images in a Book
- Adding and Removing Pages
- Working with Pages
- Working with Images
- Working with Text
- Working with the Layout Options Inspector
- Working with Master Pages
- Working with Custom Themes
- Copying a Book Album
- Printing Books
- Backing Up Your Images
- An Overview of the Backup Workflow
- Planning Your Backup System
- Working with the Vault Pane
- Creating Vaults
- Updating Vaults
- Disconnecting a Vault’s Hard Drive fromYourSystemTemporarily
- Reconnecting a Vault’s Hard Drive to your System
- Deleting a Vault Permanently
- Backing Up Images from a Portable in the Field
- Restoring Your Aperture System
- Printing Your Images
- PartV: Appendixes and Glossary
- Glossary
- Index
Chapter 11 Working with Metadata 289
II
More Information About IPTC Metadata
If you intend to export your keywords as IPTC metadata, make sure each keyword entry
is no more than 64 characters long. Keyword entries longer than 64 characters may not
be displayed properly in other IPTC editors or operating systems.
Here are some examples of common character limits for IPTC fields.
IPTC field and character limit Description and example
Caption
2000 characters
A long-form description of the subject and related information in a
natural language caption.
Example: Mayor Alvarado addresses a crowd at the first soccer
match of the season.
Keywords
64 characters
A list of words describing the subject in discrete words or phrases.
Example: Politician, Mayor, Futbol, Soccer, News, Game, Team, San Jose
Credit
32 characters
Photographer’s name and/or agency name.
Example: Matthew Birdsell/Mercury News
Copyright
128 characters
Copyright date, photographer’s name, agency name, and rights.
Example: © 2003 Matthew Birdsell/Mercury News. All rights reserved.
Object name
64 characters
A unique identifier, used by an agency or organization to
catalog images.
Example: mt52642j
Created date
16 characters
Date the image was created.
Example: 05/16/2003
City
32 characters
City where the image was captured.
Example: San Jose
Province/State
32 characters
Province or state where the image was captured.
Example: California
Country
64 characters
Country where the image was captured.
Example: USA
Special instructions
256 characters
Applicable restrictions, rights, or embargo information.
Example: MAGS OUT, INTERNET OUT, NO THIRD-PARTY SALES
Byline
64 characters
The image byline text.
Example: © Matthew Birdsell/Mercury News
Category
3 characters
Applicable ANPA category codes.
Example: I (International)
Headline
256 characters
The headline published with the image.
Example: Mayor Alvarado Opens New Soccer Season in San Jose
Source
32 characters
The source that provided the image.
Example: Mercury News