10.6

90Logic Pro Effects
• Attack knob and field: Set the time it takes for Expander to respond to signals that
exceed the threshold level.
• Release knob and field: Set the time it takes for Expander to stop processing the signal
after it falls below the threshold level.
• Output Clip pop-up menu: Choose whether to apply clipping above 0 dB, and the type
of clipping. Soft and Hard change the signal around 0 dB in different ways, resulting in
a smoothed or squared off distortion of signal peaks.
• Peak/RMS buttons: Determine whether the Peak or RMS method is used to analyze
the signal.
Logic Pro Limiter
Limiter works much like a compressor but with one important difference: where a
compressor proportionally reduces the signal when it exceeds the threshold, a limiter
reduces any peak above the threshold to the threshold level, effectively limiting the
signal to this level.
Limiter is used primarily when mastering. Typically, you apply Limiter as the very last
process in the mastering signal chain, where it raises the overall volume of the signal
so that it reaches, but does not exceed, 0 dB.
Limiter is designed in such a way that if set to 0 dB Gain and 0 dB Output Level, it has no
effect on a normalized signal. If the signal clips, Limiter reduces the level before clipping
can occur. Limiter cannot, however, fix audio that is clipped during recording.
Limiter parameters
• Input meters: Show input levels in real time. The Margin field shows the highest input
level. Click the Margin field to reset it.
• Reduction meter: Shows the amount of limiting in real time.
• Output meters: Show output levels of the limited signal. The Margin field shows the
highest output level. Click the Margin field to reset it.
Note: The Surround Limiter doesn’t show the Input and Output level meters of mono
and stereo variants.
• Gain knob and field: Set the amount of gain applied to the input signal.
• Release knob and field: Set the time it takes for Limiter to stop processing, after the
signal falls below the threshold level.
• Output Level knob and field: Set the output level of the signal.