Macintosh Performa User’s Guide Includes setup, troubleshooting, and health-related information for Macintosh Performa 6200CD and 6300CD series computers
K Apple Computer, Inc. © 1995 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved. Under the copyright laws, this manual may not be copied, in whole or in part, without the written consent of Apple. Your rights to the software are governed by the accompanying software license agreement. The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries.
Contents Communications regulation information Preface Welcome to Macintosh 1 Getting Started ix 1 Plugging in the computer 1 Installing an expansion card Connecting a monitor 3 3 Connecting the mouse and keyboard Connecting other equipment Turning the computer on Problems starting up? What’s next? vi 6 8 8 10 11 Learning the basics Reviewing the basics 12 13 Turning the computer off Where to find answers 14 15 iii
2 Getting Help 17 Getting answers to your questions 18 Identifying objects on the screen Learning useful shortcuts 26 27 3 Connecting Additional Equipment 29 Where to connect additional equipment 30 Connecting an Apple PlainTalk Microphone Connecting external stereo speakers Expanding memory 31 32 33 Connecting to an Ethernet network Installing internal drives 33 34 4 Using Programs and Backing Up Disks Installing application programs 35 36 Working with several programs at a time Protec
6 Troubleshooting 49 When you have questions If you have trouble 49 49 Solutions to common problems 53 Solutions to CD-ROM problems 65 If your computer’s performance decreases Repairing a damaged disk Initializing a hard disk 70 71 77 Installing or reinstalling system software 79 A Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips 81 Health-related information about computer use Safety instructions 86 Handling your computer equipment Cleaning your equipment B Installing an Expansion Card Opening the
Communications regulation information FCC statement This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device in accordance with the specifications in Part 15 of FCC rules. See instructions if interference to radio or television reception is suspected. Radio and television interference The equipment described in this manual generates, uses, and can radiate radio-frequency energy.
DOC statement DOC Class B Compliance This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the interference-causing equipment standard entitled “Digital Apparatus,” ICES-003 of the Department of Communications.
Welcome to Macintosh Congratulations on the purchase of your new Macintosh. Your computer is designed to give you the highest performance combined with real ease of use—it’s easy to set up, easy to use, and easy to expand. This book will guide you through the setup procedure, tell you how to expand your Macintosh, and provide many tips on using your new system. Your Macintosh computer is powered by the new † microprocessor (or “chip”). This microprocessor was designed by Apple Computer, Inc.
Monitor (You may have a different monitor than shown.
Follow the instructions in this chapter to set up your computer and learn the basics. 1 Getting Started The illustration on the facing page shows all the equipment you will need to set up your computer and begin using it. Place your equipment on a sturdy, flat surface near a grounded wall outlet.
When you are ready to begin, follow these steps: 1 Plug the socket end of the computer’s power cord into the recessed power cord socket (marked with the symbol ≤) on the back of the computer. 2 Plug the other end of the power cord into a three-hole grounded outlet or power strip. Choose a power outlet to which you have easy access. Power cord plug Power cord socket Standby power button WARNING This equipment is intended to be electrically grounded.
Installing an expansion card If you purchased any expansion cards for your Macintosh, you may want to install them now. (For instructions, see Appendix B, “Installing an Expansion Card,” as well as the documentation that came with the cards.) If you don’t have an expansion card, go on to the next section, “Connecting a Monitor.” Connecting a monitor You can connect many types of monitors to your Macintosh. To connect a monitor, refer to the instructions that came with the monitor.
2 Connect the monitor power cord to the monitor. On some monitors, the cord is already attached. 3 Plug in the monitor power cord. Be sure to plug the power cord into a three-hole grounded outlet or power strip.
Connecting the monitor cable After you plug in the monitor power cord, you connect the monitor cable to the computer’s monitor port. To connect the monitor cable, follow these steps: 1 Attach the monitor cable to the monitor. On some monitors the cable is already attached (as shown below). 2 Attach the monitor cable to the monitor port on the back panel of the computer. The monitor port is marked with the ™ icon (symbol).
Connecting the mouse and keyboard 1 Plug the mouse cable into the recessed port on the back of the keyboard. The plug and the port are marked with the ◊ icon (symbol). The positions of the port and icon on your keyboard may be different from those pictured. By the way: A port marked with the ◊ icon is called an Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) port. Plug the mouse into the recessed port on the keyboard. The flat part of the plug should be pointing down, as shown here.
2 Plug the keyboard cable into the port marked with the ◊ icon on the back of the computer. V ADB port Some monitors have a port to which you can connect the keyboard or mouse. See the information that came with your monitor. 3 If you want to adjust the keyboard angle, lower the feet on the keyboard. To adjust the keyboard angle, lower the feet until they snap into position.
Connecting other equipment If you are new to the Macintosh, it’s a good idea to get some experience using your computer before you connect other equipment, such as a printer or scanner. To learn basic Macintosh skills, continue with the instructions in this chapter. When you’re ready to connect other equipment to your Macintosh, see the instructions in Chapter 3. Turning the computer on Follow these steps to turn the computer on: 1 Turn on the monitor.
3 Check to see what’s on your screen. m You will see a welcome screen that gives you a choice about what to do next. If you’re new to the Macintosh or would like to review some of the basics, you’ll want to go through the Performa Tutorial, a program that teaches how to use your computer. Press the Return key on your keyboard to go to the tutorial.
Problems starting up? If you don’t see anything on the screen, check these items to see if you can identify the problem: m Is the computer plugged into a power source? If it is plugged into a power strip, is the power strip plugged in and turned on? m Is the computer turned on? The power-on light on the front panel should be on. If it isn’t on, press the standby power button on the computer’s back panel (marked with the symbol ®).
What’s next? Congratulations! You’ve finished setting up your computer. Now continue with one of the following steps: m If you are new to the Macintosh, turn to the next section, “Learning the Basics.” m If you are an experienced Macintosh user, turn to Chapter 2, “Getting Help,” to learn about Macintosh Guide, your main source of information when you’re working with the Macintosh. m If you want to connect other equipment, such as a printer, to your computer, see Chapter 3, “Connecting Additional Equipment.
Learning the basics If you are new to the Macintosh, you should begin by looking at the easyto-use program called Performa Tutorial. The tutorial teaches you the basic skills you’ll need to use your computer. To start the tutorial once you are past the welcome sequence, follow these steps: 1 Slide your mouse along your mouse pad or desk. Hold the mouse as shown, with the cable pointing away from you. Don’t press the mouse button (under your index finger).
If you don’t see the Performa Tutorial picture on your screen, put the arrow on the word “Learning” and click (press and release) the mouse button. If you run out of room on your mouse pad or desk while moving the mouse, pick up the mouse and place it where there’s more room. (The arrow on the screen moves only when the mouse is in contact with the mouse pad or desk.) 3 Without moving the mouse, click the mouse button. A window appears welcoming you to the tutorial.
Turning the computer off To turn the computer off: 1 Press the Power key (marked with a triangle) on the keyboard. You will see a message asking whether you want to shut down or continue working. 2 Click Shut Down. The computer is now off. To turn the computer back on, you can simply press the Power key again. You can also turn off your computer by choosing Shut Down from the Apple (K) menu. Detailed instructions follow. (Note: The Shut Down command is also available in the Special menu.
Where to find answers When you have questions about using your Macintosh, there are several places you can look for answers. In this book Macintosh Performa User’s Guid e Use this book to help you set up your computer and learn about it, or to find solutions to problems with your equipment. In the Guide menu The Guide menu (marked with the h icon) is your main source of information about the Macintosh. To learn how to get different kinds of help from the Guide menu, see Chapter 2 in this book.
Use the instructions in this chapter to learn about the help available to you in the Guide menu. 2 Getting Help The Guide menu is your main source of information when you’re working with your computer. The menu is identified by a question mark (h) in the upper-right corner of the screen.
Getting answers to your questions When you have a question while working with your computer, you can get the answer by choosing Macintosh Guide from the Guide menu. 1 Pull down the Application menu (in the upper-right corner of the screen) and choose Finder to make it the active application program. A checkmark in the menu indicates that the Finder is the active program. 2 Pull down the Guide menu (marked with the h icon) and choose Macintosh Guide. The Macintosh Guide window appears.
3 Notice the three buttons at the top of the window: Topics, Index, and Look For. Macintosh Guide gives you three ways of finding information: m Topics lets you choose from a list of general subjects; it is like the table of contents in a book. m Index lets you choose from an alphabetical list of more specific subjects; it is like the index in a book. m Look For lets you search for information related to a specific word or phrase that you type.
2 Click “Setting Options” in the list of topics. When you click any topic area, a list of related questions appears on the right side of the Macintosh Guide window. To get instructions, click a question… …and then click OK. 3 Click the question “How do I set the time and date?” and then click OK. Or double-click the question. A small window appears with instructions for you to follow. If you want to return to the main Macintosh Guide window, click here.
Getting answers with the Index button 1 In the Macintosh Guide window, click the Index button. An alphabetical list of subjects appears on the left side of the window. Slider Scroll bar 2 Scroll through the alphabetical list until the phrase “background pattern” is visible. You can scroll through the list either by dragging the slider to the letter B or by using the scroll bar at the right of the list. 3 Click the phrase “background pattern” in the alphabetical list.
4 Click the question “How do I change the background pattern?” and then click OK. Or double-click the question. A small window appears with instructions for you to follow. If you want to return to the main Macintosh Guide window, click here. 5 Click here to see the next step (if there is one). Read and follow the instructions in the window. Macintosh Guide provides step-by-step instructions to answer the question you selected.
Getting answers with the Look For button 1 In the Macintosh Guide window, click the Look For button. A small box appears on the left side of the window, where you can type text. To activate the text box, click here. Type a word or phrase in the text box… …and then click here. 2 Click the arrow button to activate the text box. 3 Type “trash” in the text box and then click Search.
4 Click the question “How do I change the beep sound?” and then click OK. Or doubleclick the question. A small window appears with instructions for you to follow. If you want to close Macintosh Guide, click here. Click here to see the next step (if there is one). 5 Read and follow the instructions in the window. Macintosh Guide provides step-by-step instructions to answer the question you selected.
Tips for using Macintosh Guide Here are a few tips for using Macintosh Guide effectively: m Macintosh Guide is available only when you are in the Finder—the desktop area where you can see the icons of disks, folders, and files. (Other programs may also have help available in the Guide menu, however.) If you don’t see Macintosh Guide in the Guide menu, pull down the Application menu (to the right of the Guide menu) and choose Finder.
Identifying objects on the screen Sometimes you’ll see an unfamiliar item on the screen and ask yourself, “What’s that?” You can get an answer by using a Macintosh feature known as Balloon Help. Balloon Help explains the function of icons, menus, commands, and other items on the Macintosh screen in balloons like those you see in comic strips. Follow these steps to use Balloon Help: 1 Pull down the Guide menu (marked with the h icon) and choose Show Balloons.
Learning useful shortcuts You can perform many tasks in the Finder more quickly if you use keyboard or mouse shortcuts. For example, instead of clicking an icon and choosing Open from the File menu, you can simply double-click the icon to open it. Follow these steps to learn keyboard and mouse shortcuts: 1 Pull down the Guide menu (marked with the h icon) and choose Shortcuts. The main Macintosh Shortcuts window appears. 2 Click one of the category buttons.
3 Read about the shortcuts available for the category you selected. Click the right arrow in the lower-right corner of the window to display the next window (if there is one). 4 28 Chapter 2 When you finish reading about the shortcuts for your category, click the Topics button in the lower-left corner to return to the main Macintosh Shortcuts window. Or click the close box in the upper-left corner to close the window.
Read this chapter for information on expanding your computer system with additional hardware. 3 Connecting Additional Equipment The illustration below shows a basic Macintosh Performa system. You can expand your computer system by connecting additional hardware (such as a printer, a modem, or external stereo speakers). Microphone (optional) Floppy disk drive Monitor (You may have a different monitor than the one shown here.
Where to connect additional equipment The illustration on this page shows where equipment should be connected to your computer. (These items can be purchased from Apple-authorized dealers.) For instructions on connecting additional equipment such as a printer or scanner, see the manual that came with the equipment.
Connecting an Apple PlainTalk Microphone Your computer has a sound input port, which you can use to connect an Apple PlainTalk Microphone. The Apple PlainTalk Microphone is included with some computer models. If your computer did not include an Apple PlainTalk Microphone, you can purchase one at an Apple-authorized dealer. Use PlainTalk only: You should connect only the Apple PlainTalk Microphone. Other models of microphone will not work with your Macintosh.
Connecting external stereo speakers You can take advantage of your computer’s stereo sound output by attaching externally powered (amplified) speakers. 1 Assemble the speakers and the cable you need. You need a cable with stereo miniplugs at each end to connect one or both speakers to the computer. (Some speakers require a dual-plug adapter. Others, like those shown here, accept a single stereo miniplug and are joined by standard speaker wires.
5 Connect the speakers together with speaker wires, if necessary. 6 Turn on the computer. You hear the computer’s sound through the external speakers. Note: To control the volume of your external speakers, use the volume button on the front of the computer. If you are playing an audio compact disc (CD), you may also need to adjust the volume control in the program you’re using to play CDs.
If you buy and install an Ethernet card, you can connect your Macintosh to an existing high-speed Ethernet network that uses thin coaxial cables, 10BASE-T twisted pair cables, thick coaxial cables, or other standard cables. Depending on the type of cables used in the Ethernet network you’re connected to, you may need to purchase an Apple Ethernet media adapter or other compatible media adapter to connect your Macintosh.
Read this chapter to learn how to work with application programs and protect the information on your disks. 4 Using Programs and Backing Up Disks Your computer came with several application programs already installed. You can open these programs by clicking their buttons in the Launcher. The Apple Extras folder on your hard disk (and on the Macintosh Performa CD) contains additional programs, including the following: m QuickDraw GX gives your computer more powerful printing and font capabilities.
Installing application programs You may want to buy and install additional application programs. See the manuals you receive with your programs for instructions on installing and using them. In most cases, you’ll install an application program on your internal hard disk from floppy disks that contain the program. The following illustration shows how to insert a floppy disk in your computer’s floppy disk drive. Insert the floppy disk, metal end first, into the floppy disk drive of your computer.
Working with several programs at a time You can open as many application programs and desk accessories as your computer’s memory allows. All open programs are listed in the Application menu at the right end of the menu bar. The name of the active program (the one you’re using right now) has a checkmark next to it, and its icon appears in the menu bar. The Finder icon Commands to hide or display open windows A checkmark indicates the active program.
Hiding and showing windows on the desktop You can hide all windows except those of the active program by choosing Hide Others from the Application menu. The other programs remain open even though their windows are hidden. When you switch to another program, its windows become visible again. If you want to see all the open windows, choose Show All from the Application menu.
Restoring the information on your hard disk If information on your hard disk becomes damaged or lost, you can restore it if you have a backup copy of the information. The Macintosh Performa CD contains copies of all the system software and application programs that came with your computer. See the Macintosh Performa CD booklet for instructions on using the Macintosh Performa CD.
Read this chapter for information about your computer’s built-in CD-ROM drive. 5 Using the CD-ROM Drive This chapter provides information on the CD-ROM drive (also called a CD-ROM player). Refer to Appendix A, “Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips” for information on the proper handling of these discs. Your internal CD-ROM drive for Macintosh computers works with CD-ROM discs, standard audio compact discs (CDs), and single-session or multisession Photo CDs.
Inserting a CD-ROM disc Follow these instructions to insert a CD-ROM disc into your CD-ROM drive. Then follow the instructions provided with your disc, as well as the instructions in this manual. 1 Start up your Macintosh computer, if it’s not already on. 2 Press the Open/Close button to open the tray of the CD-ROM drive. Open/Close button The tray opens. 3 Place a CD-ROM disc in the tray, with the disc label facing up. Make sure the disc is lying flat and centered in the tray.
Ejecting a CD-ROM disc Follow these instructions to open the tray and eject a CD-ROM disc from your computer. IMPORTANT You may not be able to eject a disc if it is being shared. To turn off file sharing, use the Sharing Setup control panel. 1 Open the tray. There are several ways to open the tray of your CD-ROM drive. If a CD-ROM disc icon appears on your screen: m Select the disc icon on your screen and drag the icon to the Trash.
Types of compact discs you can use Not all CD-ROM discs store information in the same way. A disc stores and displays information according to a given file format. Your computer’s system software must understand the file format in order to use the contents of the disc. Standard file formats You can use CD-ROM discs with these standard file formats: m HFS (Hierarchical File System)—the standard format used by the Macintosh. m ISO 9660—the International Standards Organization’s file format for CD-ROM discs.
Photo CDs With your CD-ROM drive, you can use QuickTime to open digitized images stored on Photo CDs. For further information on Photo CDs, see the “Disks” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu. Playing audio CDs With your CD-ROM drive and your computer’s built-in speaker, you can play audio compact discs (CDs) or audio tracks on CD-ROM discs. You can also attach headphones or speakers to the computer to listen to audio CDs and audio tracks.
Working with Photo CDs You can use your CD-ROM drive to open Photo CD images stored on Photo CDs. A Photo CD image is a digitized version of a standard photograph that you can open and view on your computer screen. You can do many things with the images on your Photo CDs: m Open and view the images individually on your computer screen. m View the images on your computer screen in a series, as you would view a slide presentation.
Obtaining Photo CDs Your own photographs can be recorded as Photo CD images on a Photo CD. To obtain a Photo CD of your own photographs, take your standard 35-mm film to a photofinisher who has a Photo CD system. The photofinisher develops your film, digitizes the photographs, and gives you back a Photo CD containing your Photo CD images. A single Photo CD can hold approximately a hundred images.
For most work, a resolution of 768 x 512 pixels or smaller is suitable. For detailed work or very high-quality reproductions, you may want to use a higher resolution. Make sure to open high-resolution images with application programs designed to handle large image files. SimpleText cannot open very large files. Sharing a CD-ROM disc over a network You can share a CD-ROM disc using the file-sharing feature of System 7.5.
Consult this chapter if you experience problems using your computer. 6 Troubleshooting When you have questions If you want to know how to do a particular task with your computer, refer to Macintosh Guide in the Guide (h) menu. For instructions on using Macintosh Guide, see Chapter 2 of this manual. If you have trouble While you’re using your computer, you may occasionally see a bomb icon or an error message, or the pointer (8) may “freeze” on the screen.
Take your time When you see an error message, you don’t have to take action immediately. The message stays on the screen until you click the OK (or Restart) button or turn off the Macintosh. To help diagnose and correct the problem, follow the suggestions in this section. Gather as much information on the situation as you can. Then follow the instructions in the next section, “Start Over.” m Make a note of exactly what you were doing when the problem occurred. Write down the message on the screen.
Start over Often you can eliminate a problem simply by clearing the computer’s memory and starting over. If you can, save any open documents before restarting the Macintosh. If your system is frozen and does not respond to anything you do, or if you have a “bomb” message on the screen, saving may not be possible. You can try pressing x-Option-Esc to quit the program in use when the problem occurred; if this works, you can then save the documents open in other programs before restarting.
Rebuild your desktop regularly A process known as “rebuilding the desktop” helps your Macintosh keep track of data on your disks. It’s a good idea to rebuild the desktop of your disks once a month or so, especially your startup disks. (Although you usually use the hard disk in your computer as a startup disk, you can also start up from any other disk that has system software installed.
Solutions to common problems This section contains descriptions of problems you could experience with your computer. Some problems may be caused by your CD-ROM drive, so if you don’t find your problem here, be sure to check the section “Solutions to CD-ROM Problems,” later in this chapter. The computer is turned on but the screen is dark. One of the following is probably the cause: m You have a screen saver program that darkens the screen when the computer has not been used for a certain period.
When you start up, a disk icon with a blinking question mark appears in the middle of the screen. This icon indicates that your Macintosh cannot find the system software it needs to start up. One of the following is probably the cause: m Your computer may be having a problem recognizing external SCSI equipment, such as hard disks, CD-ROM drives, and scanners. (SCSI stands for Small Computer System Interface.
A disk icon with an X appears in the middle of the screen and a floppy disk is ejected from the disk drive. This icon indicates that the floppy disk you tried to start up from is not a startup disk. When you turn on your computer, it looks first in the floppy disk drive for a disk containing system software. If the disk in the drive does not contain system software, the computer ejects the disk and looks on its internal hard disk for system software. Wait a few seconds.
The hard disk icon does not appear on the desktop. If you don’t see a hard disk icon on the desktop, try the following: m Use the Drive Setup program to make the disk available. Drive Setup is located in the Apple Extras folder. For instructions, start Drive Setup, then choose Drive Setup Guide from the Guide (h) menu. m If the hard disk is internal, shut down your computer, wait at least 10 seconds, and then turn it on again.
Your Macintosh can’t read a floppy disk. If you see a message that a floppy disk is unreadable, try one of the following: m If the disk has never been used, you may simply need to initialize it. For instructions, see the “Disks” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu. m The disk may be damaged. See “Repairing a Damaged Disk” later in this chapter for information on testing and repairing disks.
You can’t start an application program or it quits unexpectedly. Or, when you try to open a program, you see a message that not enough memory is available. One of the following is probably the cause: m The Macintosh ran out of memory. Quit the programs that you have open and then open the program you want to use, or restart your Macintosh. Use the Memory control panel to turn on virtual memory.
A dialog box with a bomb appears. There is a software problem. m Write down what you were doing when the message appeared, and write down the text of the message. m Restart your Macintosh. (See “Start Over” in the section “If You Have Trouble” earlier in this chapter for instructions.) Most software problems are temporary, and restarting usually corrects the problem. m If the problem recurs, check the startup disk and application program you were using when the dialog box appeared.
The pointer (8) doesn’t move when you move the mouse. One of the following situations is probably the cause. m There is a software problem. Try the following: Press x-Option-Esc to quit the application program in use when the problem occurred. If this works, you can save the documents open in other programs before restarting. Restart your Macintosh. See “Start Over” in the section “If You Have Trouble” earlier in this chapter for instructions.
Typing on the keyboard produces nothing on the screen. One of the following is probably the cause: m Some system software features are turned on that affect the way the keyboard works. Use the Easy Access control panel to turn off Sticky Keys, Slow Keys, and Mouse Keys. m There is a software problem. Restart your Macintosh. For instructions, see “Start Over” in the section “If You Have Trouble” earlier in this chapter. Check the startup disk and application program you were using when the problem occurred.
m The keyboard is damaged. If you have access to another keyboard, try using it instead. (Turn the computer off before connecting it.) If the new keyboard works, there is probably something wrong with the one you replaced. If none of these procedures solves the problem, consult the service and support information that came with your computer for instructions on how to contact an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple for assistance.
You experience problems using a document from a DOS computer. If you can’t open a DOS document using a Macintosh program, try the following: m Open the document from within the program by choosing Open in the program’s File menu. m Use the PC Exchange control panel to specify which Macintosh program will open the document.
You see a message that your application program can’t be opened because a file can’t be found. Macintosh programs designed specifically for the PowerPC microprocessor (also called “native” applications) use special files called shared libraries. Any necessary shared libraries should be installed automatically when you install these special Macintosh programs. Follow the directions that came with your program to reinstall the program.
Solutions to CD-ROM problems Problems using the CD-ROM drive The CD-ROM disc icon does not appear on screen. m If you have other SCSI devices attached to your computer, make sure that each device has a unique SCSI ID number (your CD-ROM drive has SCSI ID 3). Refer to the documentation that came with your SCSI devices if you need to reset SCSI ID numbers. Your computer starts up and you see large folder-shaped areas, containing labeled pictorial buttons, instead of the usual Macintosh desktop.
m The signal to open the tray may not be reaching the computer. Turn off your computer and locate the small pinhole to the lower right of the CD-ROM tray opening. Insert the end of a large straightened paper clip firmly and horizontally into the pinhole. Push gently until the tray is released, then carefully pull the tray open. Do not force the tray open; wait until the paper clip has dislodged it or you may break the front of the tray.
Your computer displays the message “This is not a Macintosh disk: Do you want to initialize it?” when you insert a CD-ROM disc in the CD-ROM drive. m The disc may use a format that the Macintosh cannot recognize. Your computer ejects a CD-ROM disc without giving you any error message. m Make sure the disc is flat in the tray and the disc label is facing up. If you’re using a small (8 cm) disc, make sure it’s centered within the tray’s inner ring. m The disc may need to be cleaned.
Drag the CD icon to the Trash. When the tray opens, hold down the Option key and push the tray back in. Continue to hold down the Option key until the disc is in the drive. The program you are using should now be able to locate file names on that CD-ROM disc. Problems playing audio CDs You don’t hear any sound when you play an audio CD or an audio track on a CD-ROM disc using the AppleCD Audio Player.
Problems using Photo CDs Your CD-ROM drive will not open Photo CDs. m Reinstall the CD-ROM and QuickTime software (available through the “MultiMedia Software” option in Custom Install). Your computer does not display color icons for individual images on a Photo CD. m Your computer may be low on memory. To view color icons, restart your computer and then reopen the Photos folder. See the “Memory” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu for more information on managing memory.
If your computer’s performance decreases If you notice a decrease in your computer’s speed and general performance after you add special software (a control panel, system extension, or custom utility), it may be because the software does not work well with Macintosh computers built with the PowerPC microprocessor. m To find out if the new software is the problem, hold down the Shift key while you restart the computer. This temporarily turns off control panels and extensions.
Repairing a damaged disk If you see a message reporting that a disk is damaged or unreadable, you may need to repair the disk. Try these suggestions first If you can’t start up from a hard disk or you don’t see the hard disk icon on the desktop, try the following: m If the hard disk is internal, shut down your Macintosh, wait at least 10 seconds, and then turn it on again. m If the hard disk is external, make sure that it is turned on and that its cable is connected firmly; then restart the Macintosh.
Starting up from a CD-ROM disc To test, repair, or initialize a hard disk, or to install system software on a hard disk, you need to start up your computer from another disk. You can start up your computer using the Macintosh Performa CD that came with your computer. The procedure for starting up from the CD varies depending on the condition of the system software on your hard disk. To find out which procedure to use, you must turn on your Macintosh.
If you see the Macintosh desktop 1 Press the Open/Close button of your CD-ROM drive to open the CD-ROM tray. 2 Place the Macintosh Performa CD disc in the tray with the disc label facing up. Make sure the disc is lying flat in the tray. 3 Push the tray in, or press the Open/Close button, to close the tray.
Problems starting up from the CD? If you’ve followed the steps in the previous sections and the Macintosh Performa CD icon does not appear on your screen, follow these steps: 1 Insert the CD into the tray. 2 Choose Restart from the Special menu. 3 Immediately press and hold down the Command (x), Shift, Option, and Delete keys. The computer bypasses the internal hard disk, and the Macintosh Performa CD icon appears on the desktop.
Checking for damage on your hard disk You can test a hard disk for damage with the Drive Setup program, which is on the Macintosh Performa CD that came with your computer. 1 Start up your computer from the Macintosh Performa CD. See “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” earlier in this section. 2 Open the Drive Setup program. You may need to look in a folder called Utilities to find Drive Setup. 3 In the list of drives, click the disk you want to test. 4 Choose Test Disk from the Functions menu.
How to repair a hard disk or floppy disk You can repair some types of disk damage by using the Disk First Aid program, which is on the Macintosh Performa CD that came with your computer. 1 Start up your computer from the Macintosh Performa CD. See “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” earlier in this section. 2 Open the Disk First Aid icon. 3 Click the icon of the disk you want to test. Disk icons appear in a box at the top of the Disk First Aid window.
4 Click Repair to begin testing and repairing the disk. If you want to test and repair another disk, click its icon and then click Repair. 5 When testing and repair are done, choose Quit from the File menu. If Disk First Aid cannot correct the problem m Try repairing the disk again. Sometimes repeating the process corrects the problem. m Use another disk repair or recovery program. Some disk repair programs let you recover information from a damaged disk.
WARNING Initializing a disk erases any information that may be on it. Before you initialize a damaged disk, try to repair it as described in “Repairing a Damaged Disk” earlier in this chapter. 1 Start up your computer from the Macintosh Performa CD. See “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” in the section “Repairing a Damaged Disk,” earlier in this chapter. 2 Open the Drive Setup program. You may need to look in a folder called Utilities to find Drive Setup.
Installing or reinstalling system software System software is the set of programs and other files that your computer uses to start itself up, keep track of your files, and run the application programs you use. System software is kept in the System Folder. When you turn on your computer, it looks for a startup disk, which is a disk that contains the system software. The startup disk is usually the hard disk that’s inside your computer, though another hard disk or a floppy disk can also be a startup disk.
Read this appendix for important health and safety instructions, as well as tips on keeping your computer in good working order. Appendix A Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips For your own safety and that of your equipment, follow all the instructions in this chapter. Keep these instructions available for reference by you and others.
Musculoskeletal discomfort As with any activity that involves sitting for long periods of time, using a computer can make your muscles sore and stiff. To minimize these effects, set up your work environment carefully, using the guidelines that follow, and take frequent breaks to rest tired muscles. To make working with your computer more comfortable, allow enough space in your work area so that you can change position frequently and maintain a relaxed posture.
Eye fatigue Eye fatigue can occur whenever the eyes are focused on a nearby object for a long time. This problem occurs because the eye muscles must work harder to view an object that’s closer than about 20 feet (6 meters). Improper lighting can hasten the development of eye fatigue. Although eye fatigue is annoying, there’s no evidence that it leads to permanent damage.
You may have to raise your chair so your forearms and hands are at the proper angle to the keyboard. If this makes it impossible to rest your feet flat on the floor, you can use a footrest with adjustable height and tilt to make up for any gap between the floor and your feet. Or you may lower the desktop to eliminate the need for a footrest. Another option is to use a desk with a keyboard tray that’s lower than the regular work surface. m Position the mouse at the same height as your keyboard.
Avoiding fatigue m Change your seated position, stand up, or stretch whenever you start to feel tired. Frequent short breaks are helpful in reducing fatigue. m Use a light touch when typing or using a mouse and keep your hands and fingers relaxed. m Some computer users may develop discomfort in their hands, wrists, or arms after intensive work without breaks. If you begin to develop chronic pain or discomfort in your hands, wrists, or arms, consult a qualified health specialist.
Safety instructions For your own safety and that of your equipment, always take the following precautions.
Handling your computer equipment Follow these guidelines for handling your computer and its components: m When setting up your computer, place components on a sturdy, flat surface, and carefully follow all setup instructions. m When connecting or disconnecting a cable, always hold the cable by its connector (the plug, not the cord). m Turn off your computer and all its components before connecting or disconnecting any cables to add or remove any component.
Handling the monitor Follow these procedures for handling a monitor: m Turn down the screen brightness control if you leave the computer turned on for extended periods. If the brightness is not turned down, the image on the screen could “burn in” and damage the screen. You can also use a “screen saver” program, which dims or varies the image on the screen when the computer has been idle for a specified period of time. These programs are available from independent suppliers and user groups.
Handling floppy disks Store disks at temperatures between 50° F and 125° F. Do not use a pencil or an eraser on a disk or disk label. Keep disks dry. 125° F (52° C) 50° F (10° C) Do not touch the exposed part of the disk behind the metal shutter. Keep disks away from magnets. Avoid exposing disks to extremely hot temperatures. Handling CD-ROM discs Keep these important safety instructions in mind as you use CD-ROM discs: m Hold a disc by the edges or by one edge and the center hole.
m To avoid damage to your discs, keep these points in mind: Do not expose discs to direct sunlight. Do not write on discs. Do not spill liquids on discs. Do not put tape on discs. Do not scratch discs. Do not get dust on discs. Other important safety instructions to keep in mind as you use your CD-ROM player: m Position your computer so that when the tray opens, it doesn’t bump into anything. m Do not leave the disc tray open.
The tray on your CD-ROM drive automatically closes when you shut down your computer. You may want to open the tray and take out your CD-ROM disc before shutting down. Ejecting a disk For instructions on ejecting a floppy disk, a CD-ROM disc, or a removable media disk, see the “Disks” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.
Power supply The power supply in your computer is a high-voltage component and should not be opened for any reason, even when the computer is off. If the power supply needs service, contact your Apple-authorized dealer or service provider. Cleaning your equipment Follow these general rules when cleaning the outside of your computer and its components: m Use a damp, soft, lint-free cloth to clean the computer’s exterior. Avoid getting moisture in any openings.
2 Turn the mouse upside-down and turn the plastic ring on the bottom counterclockwise to disengage it. On some mouse devices, you may need to press the plastic ring (rather than turn it) to disengage it. If you cannot disengage the ring, the mouse may be locked. See the next section, “Locking and Unlocking the Mouse.” 3 Turn the mouse right-side up with one hand and catch the ring and the ball with your other hand.
Locking and unlocking the mouse Some mouse devices can be locked so that the ball can’t be removed. A locking mouse has a small hole on the plastic ring. To lock the mouse, follow these steps: 1 Insert a straightened paper clip into the hole on the plastic ring. Insert a straightened paper clip into this hole. (The hole may be located here on your mouse.) 2 Press down on the paper clip while you turn the ring clockwise. Turn the ring a very short distance, until it stops.
To unlock the mouse, follow these steps: 1 Insert a straightened paper clip into the hole on the plastic ring. Insert a straightened paper clip into this hole. (The hole may be located here on your mouse.) 2 Press down on the paper clip while you turn the ring counterclockwise. Turn the ring a very short distance. When the recessed area on the ring is lined up with the recessed area surrounding the ring, the mouse is unlocked.
Read this appendix for instructions on installing an expansion card in your computer. Appendix B Installing an Expansion Card Expansion cards are printed circuit boards that can be installed in your computer to give it special features, such as enhanced video capabilities, networking and communications, and additional processing power.
This appendix contains instructions for installing an LC-PDS card or a communication card. To install a video input card or a TV tuner card, follow the instructions that come with the card. WARNING To avoid damaging your computer and expansion card, do not attempt to install any expansion card without first checking the documentation for that card.
Opening the computer 1 Shut down your computer by choosing Shut Down from the Special menu. You can also press the Power key on the keyboard. 2 Unplug all the cables except the power cord from your computer. Leaving the power cord plugged in helps protect the computer from electrostatic discharge. IMPORTANT To avoid generating static electricity that may damage components, do not walk around the room until you have completed the installation of the expansion card and closed the computer.
5 If there are security screws on the vertical plate on the back of the computer, remove them with a screwdriver. If there are security screws, remove both screws from the vertical plate. 6 Unplug the power cord from your computer. 7 Swing the handle out from its storage position. Then grasp the handle and gently but firmly pull it toward you. The vertical plate and the logic board to which it’s attached slide all the way out of the computer.
Installing an LC-PDS card 1 If your LC-PDS card has ports for connecting equipment, remove the plastic access cover from the vertical plate. Squeeze the two plastic tabs together and pull off the metal retainer so the access cover can come off. Metal retainer Vertical plate LC-processor-direct slot (LC-PDS) 2 Remove the LC-PDS card from its static-proof bag. Hold the card by its edges to avoid touching any connectors on the card. 3 Align the card over the LC-PDS slot.
4 Press down on the card until the connector is solidly in place. Don’t force the card. If you meet resistance, pull the card out and try again. To see if the card is properly connected, lift it gently. If it resists and stays in place, it’s connected. Installing a communication card Some Macintosh computers come with a communication card already installed. 1 If your communication card has ports for connecting equipment, remove the plastic access cover from the vertical plate.
3 Align the card over the communication slot. The communication slot is the rightmost slot on the logic board. Vertical plate Communication card access hole 4 Communication slot Press down on the card until the connector is solidly in place. Don’t force the card. If you meet resistance, pull the card out and try again. To see if the card is properly connected, lift it gently. If it resists and stays in place, it’s connected.
Closing the computer 1 Slip the base of the logic board into the guide rails inside the computer case and swing the handle back into its storage position. Make sure the logic board slides into the guides that are on both sides of the computer’s interior. Swing the handle up, into its storage position.
2 Press the reset button on the logic board, and then slide the logic board back into the computer. When you press the reset button, some of your computer’s software settings will change. You may want to open the control panels for the date and time, keyboard, and mouse to make sure that they are set the way you want them. For more information about working with control panels, see the “Setting Options” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu. 1 Press the reset button.
4 Slip the three hooks at the base of the back panel into the grooves on the computer case. Slip the three hooks on the back panel into the grooves in the computer case. 5 Swing the back panel up and snap it into place. Snap the plastic back panel into place. 6 Plug the cables back into the computer. 7 Reconnect the power cord. Your computer is now ready to turn on and use. WARNING Never turn on your computer unless all of its internal and external parts are in place.
Read this appendix to learn how to use the special keys on your keyboard. Appendix C Special Keys on Your Keyboard Your computer keyboard contains certain special keys that typewriter keyboards don’t have. Many of these keys allow you to give commands to the computer without using the mouse. For example, in many application programs, pressing the x (Command) key at the same time as the Q key lets you quit a program. The following table describes what you can do with the special keys on your keyboard.
Special keys on Apple keyboards (continued) Control key control Delete key Use to delete selected material, or the character to the left of the insertion point. delete Enter key enter Escape key esc Function keys F1 Option key Numeric keys alt option num lock clear = / 7 8 9 4 5 6 1 2 * Use in combination with other keys to produce special characters or modify actions.
Typing special characters and symbols You can type a variety of international and other special symbols and characters (including characters with diacritical marks, such as accents) by pressing combinations of keys. The Key Caps program, which is installed with your system software, shows you the characters produced when you type certain keys and key combinations in the fonts available on your computer. Choose Key Caps from the Apple (K) menu, then choose the font from the Key Caps menu.
If you see rectangles: If you see rectangles instead of diacritical marks on some of the pictures of keys in Key Caps, try pressing Option-x to see the diacritical marks. However, you only need to use the Option key (not Option-x) in combination with the other keys to type letters with diacritical marks. If you press the Option key at the same time as a key for a specific diacritical mark and then release both keys, Key Caps outlines in bold the keys for letters that can be typed with that mark.
Index A accent marks, key combinations for 109–110 active program, checkmark indicating 37 acute accent, key combinations for 110 answers.
arrow keys 107 arrow pointer “frozen” (not moving) 49, 60 moving with mouse 12–13 arrows, scroll 13 At Ease (alternative desktop), returning to Macintosh desktop from 65 audio compact discs (CDs) 41, 44 playing 45 troubleshooting problems with 68 Audio In port, on external speaker 32 audio tracks on CD-ROM discs 44, 45, 68 opening data files and 68 unable to hear 68 B backing up 38 back panel, removing 99 backup copy making 38 restoring information from 39 Balloon Help 26 basic skills with mouse 12–13 tuto
cedilla, key combinations for 110 chair, for maximum comfort 83 chips, memory.
copying for backup 38 System Folder, warning about 36 crash. See “bomb” icon/message cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs), computer use and 82 cursor. See pointer cursor keys. See arrow keys customer support hotline 15 D damaged disk, repairing 71–77 checking for damage and 75 with Disk First Aid program 76–77 starting up from CD-ROM disc and 72–74 dark screen (blank screen) 53 at startup 9, 10 data recovery programs 77. See also Disk First Aid program date.
EtherTalk Phase 2 protocols, for Ethernet communication 34 exiting forcing, for program with problem 51, 110 quitting unexpectedly and 58 expansion cards, installing 3, 97–106 closing computer after 104–106 a communication card 102–103 an LC-PDS card 101–102 opening computer for 99–100 safety warning about 98 extensions, system performance decreases and 70 startup problems and 56, 59 Extensions Manager control panel, for turning off extensions 59, 70 external stereo speakers, connecting 32–33 extremely low
116 Index H I hard disk backing up 38 checking for damage on 75 initializing 77–78 installing application programs on 36 installing/reinstalling system software on 54, 79 rebuilding desktop of 52, 56, 62 reinitializing 77–78 repairing 71–77 hard disk drive (internal) 29 replacing 34 hard disk icon 13 not on desktop 56, 71 hardware. See also computer/computer system for Ethernet connection 34 headphone jack 29 health-related information 81–85 help 17–28.
insufficient memory 58, 69, 70 performance decreases and 70 for Photo CDs 69 for PowerPC applications 39 interference, on monitor screen/radio/television 88 internal drives, installing 34 internal hard disk.
Macintosh Performa system 29. See also computer/computer system Macintosh Performa CD 38, 39. See also CD-ROM disc backup copies on 39 checking for damaged disk with 75 reinitializing hard disk with 77–78 reinstalling system software from 54, 79 repairing damaged disk with 54, 76–77 starting up from 72–74 startup problems with 74 Macintosh Performa CD icon, not on screen 74 Macintosh programs.
N “native” applications 39 shared libraries needed for 64 network backing up and 38 CD-ROM disc shared over 43, 48, 65 connecting to 33–34 PowerTalk program for 35 Network control panel, changing for Ethernet use 34 numeric keys 108 O office furniture and equipment, arranging 83–84 on/off switch.
Q question mark, Guide menu identified by 17 question mark icon, blinking 54, 79 when starting up from CD-ROM disc 72 questions. See help; troubleshooting QuickDraw GX program 35 QuickTime 45 quitting application special key combinations for 51, 110 unexpectedly 58 R radio interference vi, 88 random-access memory (RAM). See also memory expanding 33 requirements for for special programs 35 rebuilding desktop 52, 56, 62 recording, from audio CD, troubleshooting problems with 68 recovery programs 77.
scroll arrows 13 SCSI chain, incorrect termination of, start up problems caused by 71 SCSI devices, troubleshooting problems with 54, 71 SCSI ID numbers, incorrect setting of CD-ROM player problems and 65 missing hard disk icon and 56, 71 SCSI port 30 searching, for help topics, with Look For button 23–24 security lock port 30 security screws 100, 105 Service/Support area, of Launcher 15 service and support (customer support) 15 setting up the computer 1–11 connecting additional equipment 8, 29–34 connectin
static electricity 99 stereo miniplug, for connecting external speakers 32 stereo speakers, external, connecting 32–33 storage devices, internal, installing 34 support, customer 15 switching among application programs 37 symbols, key combinations for 109–110 system error.
turning computer off 11, 14 before attempting repair 30, 60, 66, 86, 87 before connecting equipment 30 turning computer on 8–9 turning monitor on 8 tutorial program, for learning basics 9, 12–13 TV. See television TV tuner card 30, 98 Apple Video Player and 35 typing.
Apple Computer, Inc. 1 Infinite Loop Cupertino, California 95014-2084 408.996.1010 030-8236-A Printed in U.S.A.
