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K Apple Computer, Inc. © 2005 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved. Under the copyright laws, this manual may not be copied, in whole or in part, without the written consent of Apple. Your rights to the software are governed by the accompanying software license agreement. The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries.
Contents 7 8 12 Preface: Welcome to Pages Pages Features at a Glance Resources for Learning More 15 15 21 22 25 25 Chapter 1: Overview of Pages The Pages Window The Styles Drawer Pages Tools Shortcuts The Pages Document 29 30 32 34 39 45 Chapter 2: Creating a Document Using the Pages Templates Step 1: Select a Document Type Step 2: Add Text Step 3: Add Graphics and Other Media Step 4: Edit Your Document Step 5: Save and Share Your Document 47 47 54 58 62 65 Chapter 3: Formatting Text and Paragraphs
75 76 76 80 83 4 Style Overrides Finding and Replacing Styles Modifying and Creating New Paragraph Styles Modifying and Creating New Character Styles Modifying and Creating New List Styles 89 91 92 92 96 96 99 102 Chapter 5: Formatting a Document’s Layout and Table of Contents Setting Page Orientation and Size Setting Page Margins Creating Columns Creating a Document with Left- and Right-Facing Pages Adding Headers and Footers, Page Numbers, and Footnotes Varying Document Formatting Using Section Breaks
137 Adjusting Size and Position of Objects 139 140 141 144 150 Chapter 8: Creating Tables Adding a Table Selecting Table Cells and Borders Formatting Tables Adding Images or Background Colors 153 153 156 157 159 Chapter 9: Creating Charts About Charts Adding a Chart Editing Chart Data Formatting Charts 169 169 175 Chapter 10: Printing and Exporting Your Document to Other Formats Printing Your Document Exporting to Other Document Formats 177 178 180 183 186 Chapter 11: Designing Your Own Document Te
Preface Welcome to Pages Pages is a streamlined, yet powerful wordprocessing application that gives everyone the ability to easily create great-looking documents, from a simple letter or invitation to a monthly newsletter or three-panel brochure. This preface provides an overview of the features of Pages and a list of resources for learning to use it.
Pages Features at a Glance Easy to Use Using the templates that come with Pages, it’s easy to create professional-looking documents. Text and image placeholders let you customize document designs with drag-and-drop ease. Import documents from Microsoft Word and AppleWorks. Or create your own templates and share them with your colleagues. Use the toolbar buttons to format pages and text as you type. Add graphics with drag-and-drop ease. Insert text callouts, tables, and other formatted elements on the fly.
Page Templates Each template includes Pages building blocks that help you build a full document from a selection of professionally designed layouts.
Styles Done Right Just type into the templates and the styles are automatically applied to paragraphs, characters, and numbered or bulleted lists. You can also select different styles, or create your own. Use the Inspector window to format your document’s layout, text, and graphics as you work. Use the Styles menu to apply consistent text formatting across your documents. Bring in photos from iPhoto using the iLife Media Browser.
Powerful Word Processing Pages provides multiple-column layouts that flow from page to page as you type, and preformatted document designs that allow you to create stunning documents. It’s also simple to set up a table of contents, footnotes, headers, footers, and page numbers for professional and academic reports. Create a table of contents that’s updated as you add content. Style the TOC the way you want to. Preface Welcome to Pages Create bulleted and numbered text.
Resources for Learning More To get the most from Pages, consult these resources: User’s Guide This guide (what you’re reading now) describes the features of Pages and shows you how to use it. To see a full-color PDF file of this guide, choose Help > Pages User Guide. Chapter 1 of this guide describes the tools that are available in Pages, and Chapter 2 shows you a step-by-step workflow for creating a document. For more detailed information about each step, refer to Chapters 3 through 10.
Help tags are also available for many onscreen items. To see a help tag, let the pointer rest over an item for a few seconds. To display a help tag, rest the pointer over an item. Pages Tour For an onscreen demonstration of what you can do with Pages, view the tour. To see the onscreen tour: m Choose Help > iWork Tour, and then follow the onscreen instructions. Pages Templates Pages comes with templates that illustrate the different layouts and styles you can create.
Technical Support A variety of support options are available to Pages users. For more information, see the AppleCare Software Service and Support Guide that comes with your Pages documentation or visit www.apple.com/support on the web.
1 Overview of Pages 1 This chapter introduces you to the windows and tools you’ll use in Pages. When you create a Pages document, you must first select a template to start from. Pick the one that best fits your purpose and design goals. If you want to start from a plain document, without a lot of pre-formatting, use the Blank template. You can drag or place objects on a page, including imported graphics, movies, and sound, or text boxes, charts, tables, and shapes that you create within Pages.
Customize the toolbar to include the tools you use most often. Image placeholders indicate the size and placement of graphics in a document template. Text boxes contain text that “floats” outside, over, or under the main text area. Placeholder text indicates where you should enter text. The Page View control lets you zoom in or out so you can see your document larger or smaller on the screen. The Pages window displays the document you are working in.
To zoom in or out of the document, do one of the following: Â Choose View > Zoom > [zoom level]. Â Click the Page View control in the bottom left corner of the window, and choose a magnification level from the pop-up menu. Â One Up presents the pages in a linear flow. Â Two Up presents two pages side-by-side on the screen. Â Fit Width changes the document to the width of the window. You can stretch the Pages window to fill your screen, or make it short or narrow.
In the following example, you can see the page layout includes two columns at the top, two layout breaks, and then three columns, an inline image, and the footer area. Two text columns Two layout breaks An inline image Footer Three text columns Placeholder Text Placeholder text indicates where text goes and how it’s formatted in a template. A new template will contain placeholder text, placeholder images, background images, or other items that represent elements of the finished document.
Formatting Characters (Invisibles) As you work in a Pages document, you may want to see the marks that indicate character spaces, paragraph breaks, section breaks, or other types of invisible elements so you can check the formatting of your document. In Pages, these formatting marks are called invisibles. To see invisibles: m Choose View > Show Invisibles. The table below shows what each formatting character represents.
Rulers and Alignment Guides Each time you move an image, shape, or text box on the page, alignment guides automatically appear to help you position the object precisely where you want it. You can also use the document rulers or create static alignment guides that remain on the page to mark the positions of different objects as you rearrange the elements on the page. To learn how to customize the behavior of alignment guides, see “Alignment Guides” on page 37.
Rulers help you set margins and tabs where you want them. Blue icons on the top ruler indicate text indents and tab settings. Drag them to reset the position of text. Gray rectangles below the rulers indicate column margins. Drag them to change the column gutter widths. Alignment guides help you precisely position objects on the page. (Here the alignment guides are blue.
Select a paragraph style to apply it to selected paragraphs. Select a character style to apply it to selected text. Select a list style to apply it to selected paragraph text. Click to show and hide list and character styles in the drawer. Press and choose an option to create a new style. Pages Tools The Toolbar The Pages toolbar gives you one-click access to many of the actions you’ll use when creating documents in Pages.
Add pre-formatted pages to your document. Add text boxes, shapes, tables, and charts. Change how text flows around objects. Apply styles to text and lists. Create column layouts on the fly. Open the Inspector window, Media Browser, Colors window, and Font panel. To customize the toolbar: 1 Choose View > Customize Toolbar. 2 To add an item to the toolbar, drag its icon to the toolbar at the top. 3 To remove an item from the toolbar, drag it out of the toolbar.
To open an Inspector window: m Choose View > Show Inspector (or click Inspector in the toolbar). The buttons at the top of the Inspector window open the ten inspectors: Document, Layout, Wrap, Text, Graphic, Metrics, Table, Chart, Link, and QuickTime. Click one of the buttons at the top to display its inspector pane. Clicking the fourth button from the left, for example, displays the Text Inspector. You can have several Inspector windows open at the same time.
The Colors Window You use the Mac OS X Colors window to choose colors for text, drawn objects, or shadows. To open the Colors window: m Choose View > Show Colors (or click Colors in the toolbar). For more information about using the Colors window to set the color of lines, text, and shapes, see Chapter 7, “Changing Object Properties.” Shortcuts You can use the keyboard to perform many of the Pages menu commands and tasks. A comprehensive list of keyboard shortcuts is available in onscreen help.
 Does the document need a landscape or portrait page orientation? Be sure to set this option in the Page Setup dialog before you begin. See “Setting Page Orientation and Size” on page 91.  If you are designing a unique page layout, are the document margins set the way you need? See “Setting Page Margins” on page 92.  Will the document be bound? If so, be aware of how the page numbers, margins, and section breaks will fall on the right- and left-facing pages of your document.
The Use of Graphics and Other Media Think about how you will use graphical elements in your document, where they will appear in the document flow, and what kinds of graphics you might use. Pages provides tools you can use to create tables and charts to organize and display information. Learn about designing tables and charts in Chapter 8, “Creating Tables,” and Chapter 9, “Creating Charts.” Learn about other uses of graphics in Chapter 6, “Working With Graphics and Other Media.
2 Creating a Document Using the Pages Templates 2 This chapter provides basic information to get you started working with Pages. It also explains how you can use the Pages templates to easily create your own professional-looking, creatively designed documents. Before you begin creating a new Pages document, consider how it will be used.
Step 1: Select a Document Type To start a new Pages document, double-click the Pages icon. In the Template Chooser, select a template that best suits the type of document you want to create. If you want to begin in a document without any text or image placeholders, select Blank. By using a template with text or image placeholders, you can easily create a professional-looking document, such as a school report, business letter, newsletter, or brochure, without having to do all the design work.
 To make Pages always open the same type of document when you open it, select “For New Documents: Use template: [template name],” and then click Choose. Select a template name, and then click Choose. When you have selected a template, a document opens on your screen. Expanding the Template by Adding Pages Each page of a Pages template has a unique design (except for the Blank template). You can choose to use the page designs that are previewed when the document first opens.
Step 2: Add Text If you start with a Blank document, you can just start typing. As you type, the text fills the page. As each page is filled, the text automatically flows to the next page. If you are working with a template that includes text or image placeholders, you can add text and graphics to the placeholder areas, as described below. Adding Text to Placeholder Text Areas Templates contain placeholder text, which shows you what text will look like and where it will be placed in the finished document.
To select the placeholder text inside a text box: m Click once to select the text box, and then double-click to select the text inside the box. Usually, text box borders are only visible when the text box or the text inside is selected, or when you have layout view turned on. To learn how to change the look of text boxes, see “Creating Callouts, Sidebars, and Highlighted Text” on page 65. Tables Some tables contain placeholder text.
To show or hide the document layout: m Choose View > Show Layout or Hide Layout. It may also help to see other formatting characters (invisibles) as you work, such as tabs and paragraph breaks. To show or hide invisibles: m Choose View > Show Invisibles or Hide Invisibles. Step 3: Add Graphics and Other Media You can use a variety of media types in a Pages document, including still images, movies, sound, drawn shapes, charts, and tables.
When you add an object to your document, you can either place it in a fixed position on the page (called a fixed object), so that the text flows around it as you type; or anchor it to the text (called an inline object), so that it moves with the text around it. If you create a fixed object, you can adjust how tightly you want the text to flow around it by adjusting the text wrap. To learn more about fixed versus inline objects, see “Fixed Objects Versus Inline Objects” on page 105.
Adding Web and Email Addresses You can create active hyperlinks to web addresses (URLs) and email addresses. When you click a web link, it opens a web browser and displays the webpage you specify. When you click an email address, it opens an email program and creates a new email message. You can also create bookmarks that let you jump to a specific word or phrase in your document. For specific instructions about creating hyperlinks and bookmarks, see “Adding Hyperlinks and Bookmarks” on page 124.
Alignment Guides As you move fixed text boxes and graphics around in the document, blue alignment guides appear to help you center and align objects on the page. They appear whenever the center or edge of an object aligns with the center or edge of another object, or with the center of the page, depending upon your preferences. You can create your own alignment guides to help you align objects precisely on a page.
3 To turn off the guides that appear when an object’s center aligns with another object or the center of the page, deselect “Alignment Guides: Show guides at object center.” 4 To turn on the alignment guides that appear when an object’s edges align with another object or the center of the page, select “Alignment Guides: Show guides at object edges.” To change the color of alignment guides: m In Pages Preferences, click the Alignment Guides color well and select a color in the Colors window.
Step 4: Edit Your Document Once you’ve typed some text in your document, you may want to delete or rearrange (copy and paste) parts of it, check your spelling, or find and replace specific words or phrases with new text. Deleting, Copying, and Pasting Text If you want to copy or move a chunk of text from one part of the document to another, the easiest way to do this is to copy it (or cut it) from its original location, and then paste it in the new location.
To find or find and replace a word in your document: 1 Choose Edit > Find > Find Panel. 2 Type the word in the Find field. 3 If you want to replace the word with another, type the new word in the Replace field. 4 Depending on how cautious you want to be, do one of the following: Â Click Next or Previous to highlight the next or previous instance of the word. Continue clicking Next or Previous until you locate the instance you are looking for.
To replace a word or phrase using the advanced search features: 1 Choose Edit > Find > Find Panel, and then click Advanced. Choose to search the entire document or only the main body text. Choose the paragraph style where the text appears. Type the text you are searching for. Select to make the search case-specific. Select to find whole words only. Choose the paragraph style the new text should have. Replace text one instance at a time, or all at once. Search backward or forward through the document.
5 Select “Match case” if you only want to find instances of the text with the same capitalization that you specified in the Find field; otherwise, the search will not take capitalization into account. 6 Select “Whole words” if you only want to find instances where the text appears as a separate word; otherwise, results will include instances of this text that appear within words. 7 If you want to replace the text with a new word or phrase, type it in the Replace field.
To get a list of spelling suggestions: 1 Hold down the Control key and click the misspelled word. A list of optional spellings appears (a word may generate no optional spellings if it cannot be recognized at all). 2 Choose the correct spelling if you see it in the list. If you know you have spelled the word correctly, and you want to add it to the spelling dictionary used for all documents, choose Learn Spelling from the pop-up list.
The misspelled word from the document appears here. You can retype it here to look for more suggested spellings. Select from the list of suggested spellings. You can correct or ignore the mispelled word and then find the next misspelling, or retype the word and click Guess for a new list of suggestions. Choose a different language dictionary for a selected word, if you need to. Add or delete the selected word from the dictionary.
Step 5: Save and Share Your Document When you work in Pages, you create a Pages document. All of the graphics and any chart data are contained within this one document, which can be moved from one computer to another. However, fonts are not included as part of the document, so if you transfer a Pages document to another computer, be sure the fonts used in the document have been installed in the Fonts folder of the other computer.
As you work on your document, you can save it frequently by pressing Command-S. You can also save a backup copy of the last saved version of your document. This way, if you change your mind about edits that you have made, you can go back to the previous version of the document that you have saved. To save a backup copy of your document: m Choose Pages > Preferences, and select the checkbox labeled “Back up previous version when saving.
3 Formatting Text and Paragraphs 3 This chapter describes in detail how to modify the appearance of text characters and paragraphs, including creating lists and highlighting sections of text. Formatting Text Size and Appearance You can do all text formatting using the Pages menus and the Inspector window, or the Font panel. You can do basic text formatting using the commands in the Pages menus.
 Smaller: Click repeatedly to make selected text smaller.  Bigger: Click repeatedly to make selected text larger. To learn about customizing the toolbar, see “The Toolbar” on page 22. If you want to change to a different font, or if you frequently change text formatting, it may be easier to use the Font panel and Text Inspector to format text. These tools are described in the following sections.
The Action pop-up menu Preview the selected typeface. Create interesting text effects using these buttons. Select a font size to apply it to selected text in your document. Find fonts by typing a font name in the search field. Select a typeface in the list to apply it to selected text in your document. You can change the appearance of any text in your document by selecting it and then selecting options in the Font panel.
Note: If you have too many fonts to wade through to find the few you use often, you can organize them into font collections by clicking the Add (+) button to create a font collection, and then dragging a typeface into the new collection. Also, if you need to switch fonts often, you can leave the Font panel open.
To modify the background color of a selected paragraph: m Click the Document Color button in the Font panel (the fourth button from the left), and then select a color in the Colors window. Note: You can also modify paragraph background color in the Text Inspector, as described in “Setting Paragraph Fill Colors” on page 67. To create shadows on selected text: 1 Click the Text Shadow button in the Font panel (the fifth button from the left).
4 To see the different accent marks that you can type highlighted in the Keyboard Viewer, press Option, or the Option and Shift keys. The accent mark keys appear with white outlines. Depending on your keyboard, you may not need to press any of the modifier keys to see the accent keys. 5 Place the insertion point in your document where you want to type.
If you don't see the View menu, click the button in the upper-right corner of the window to show the top portion of the window. Click this button again to hide the top portion of the window. Select a character category. Choose the type of character you want to see. Select a symbol. Double-click a symbol to insert it in your document. 4 Click an item in the list on the left to see the characters that are available in each category.
Advanced Typography Features Some fonts, such as Zapfino and Hoefler, have advanced typography features, which let you create different effects. If you are using a font that has different typography effects available, you can change many of them in the Font submenu of the Format menu.
Adjusting Text Alignment in Text Boxes, Table Cells, or Shapes If you want to adjust the spacing between individual characters or lines, or if you want to align text vertically within a text box, shape, or table cell, you must use the Text Inspector, described below. The Text Inspector is also useful if you must frequently change text alignment and spacing because you can keep it open on your screen as you work.
To open the Text pane of the Text Inspector: 1 Choose View > Show Inspector (or click Inspector in the toolbar). 2 Click the Text Inspector button, and then click Text. To align text left, center, right, or justified: 1 Place the cursor in the paragraph you want to change, or select several paragraphs. 2 Click the horizontal alignment buttons at the top of the Text Inspector. You can align text in a fixed text box to the left, right, center, or justified (aligned to both the right and left edges).
 Standard line spacing: The space between lines is proportional to font size. Use this when the relative distance between ascenders (parts of letters that extend to the top of the line) and descenders (parts of letters that extend below the line) should remain fixed.  At Least: The distance from one line to the next will never be less than the value you set, but it may be larger for larger fonts in order to prevent overlapping text lines.
To change text color: 1 Select the word or words you want to change. 2 In the Text Inspector, click the color well. 3 In the Colors window, select a color. To read about using the Colors window, see “Using Color and Image Fills” on page 127 Setting Tab Stops to Align Text If you want to add, delete, or change tab stops in the document body, or inside a fixed text box, table cell, or shape, you can do this by using the Tabs pane of the Text Inspector, or by manipulating the tab icons directly on the rulers.
To change a tab to a different type: m Control-click the tab icon and choose an option from the shortcut menu. Or doubleclick the tab icon in the ruler repeatedly until the type of tab you want appears. Choose from among these tab types.
Set how far you want the first line of each paragraph to indent. If you want to indent a paragraph relative to the page margins, specify how far to indent it. Set the default distance between tabs. Type a new character to change the decimal tab character. For a tab stop selected in the Tab Stops column, select how you want the text to align. Choose a leader line for any tab stop selected in the Tab Stops paragraph. Add or remove tab stops from the column.
5 If you want to add a dashed or dotted line to the tab, choose a line style (or choose None) from the Leader pop-up menu. To use a different decimal tab character for the document: m Type a new character in the Decimal Tab Character field. To delete a tab stop: m Select it in the Tab Stops column, and click the Delete (-) button. Setting Paragraph Indents Paragraphs can be formatted so that the first line is indented (or overhangs) as far as you want.
Left indent First line indent Right indent 3 To change the left margin, drag the left indent icon (downward blue triangle on the left side of the ruler) to where you want the left edge of the body text to begin. To change the left margin independently from the paragraph indent, hold down the Option key as you drag. 4 To change the first line indent, drag the first line indent (blue rectangle) to where you want the first line to start.
You can also choose a list style in the Styles drawer. Choose View > Show Styles Drawer, then select the list style you want. (If you don’t see list styles in the Styles drawer, click the button in the lower-right corner of the drawer to make them appear.) Each template may have different list styles.
4 To return to the previous list indent level, choose Format > Text > Decrease List Indent Level (or click the left Indent Level arrow in the List tab of the Text Inspector).
Creating Callouts, Sidebars, and Highlighted Text Callouts and sidebars are used to make text stand out from the main body of text in a document. Pages offers at least three simple ways to create highlighted text:  Adding text to text boxes  Adding a background (or fill color) to paragraphs  Typing text in shapes You can also use table cells to hold callouts. To read about working with tables, see Chapter 8, “Creating Tables.
If you have copied some text from your document that you want to place inside a text box, you can create one on the fly. To create a text box with text copied from your document: 1 Select the text you want, and then choose Edit > Copy. 2 Click anywhere outside the text areas of the document, and then choose Edit > Paste. A text box is created, which you can format the way you want.
The new text box has a solid blue square on its left side. This indicates that this text box is linked to a previous one. A filled blue square on the right indicates this text box is linked before another one. An open blue square indicates this text box is the last in this series. A filled blue square on the left indicates this text box is linked to a previous one. 4 Drag the text boxes to reposition them.
To place a paragraph fill color behind text: 1 Select the paragraph or paragraphs to which you want to add the fill color. 2 Choose View > Show Inspector (or click Inspector in the toolbar), click the Text Inspector button, and then click More. 3 In the More pane of the Text Inspector, select the Paragraph Fill checkbox to place a fill color behind the text. Select to place a fill color behind text. Select a fill color.
Formatting a Text Box or Shape Use the Graphic Inspector to format borders, shadows, and opacity for text boxes or shapes. For more information about setting object properties, see Chapter 7, “Changing Object Properties.” Use the Wrap Inspector to set how you want the text on the page to wrap around a text box or shape. For more information about setting text wrapping around an object, see “Wrapping Text Around an Object” on page 118.
4 Working With Styles 4 This chapter explains how to apply paragraph, character, and list styles to quickly and consistently change the appearance of text. It also describes how to modify existing styles, or create your own. As you write and format your document, you may want to create different looks for different types of text and paragraphs and use them consistently throughout your document.
When you import a document from Microsoft Word, any styles it contains are imported into the Pages document and can then be used like any other styles created within Pages. About Paragraph, Character, and List Styles Pages provides three different kinds of preformatted styles that you can apply to text for different purposes. Â Paragraph styles: These styles can be applied only to entire paragraphs (chunks of text that end with a carriage return), not to individual words within paragraphs.
Applying Styles The easiest way to apply paragraph and list styles is to use the Style and List buttons in the Pages toolbar. To apply character styles, use the Styles drawer. You can add the Character button to the toolbar to make it possible to add or change character styles from the Pages toolbar. To learn about customizing the toolbar, see “The Toolbar” on page 22.
Click to show character styles. Click to show list styles. You can add the Character button to the toolbar and use it to quickly change character styles. To learn about customizing the toolbar, see “The Toolbar” on page 22. To apply a list style: 1 Place the cursor wherever you want to begin typing your list, and then do one of the following: Â Click the List button in the toolbar and choose the style you want to apply.
5 Click OK. Imported styles will be available via the Style pop-up menu in the toolbar and the Styles drawer of your document. Style Overrides When you make changes to individual text attributes—for example, using the font command in the Format menu to apply italics to a paragraph of text formatted with Body style—without selecting a new style, you have created a style override.
Finding and Replacing Styles If you want to change the look of your document by changing all instances of a style to a different one, you can find and replace the style throughout the document without searching for specific text. To find and replace a style: 1 Choose View > Show Styles Drawer (or click Style in the toolbar and choose Show Styles Drawer). 2 In the Styles drawer, rest the pointer over the name of the style that you want to replace and click the arrow to the right of its name.
To modify a paragraph style: 1 Choose View > Show Styles Drawer (or click Style in the toolbar and choose Show Styles Drawer). Select the paragraph style that most closely matches the style you want to design, or select Free Form. 2 Type some text and format it to look the way you want. (For information about formatting the look of text, see “Formatting Text Size and Appearance” on page 47.
Choose a paragraph style to follow the current one when you press Return. Select options to determine how the paragraph breaks across pages. Choose a language for the spelling dictionary to use. Remove automatic hyphenation or ligatures, if they are selected for the document. Set the text above or below the surrounding text. Add a background color to the paragraph.
c Language: Choose a language from the pop-up menu to specify the language used to spell-check this paragraph. If your document will include quotes or sections in another language, you can specify a language for the spelling dictionary used in those paragraphs. The spelling dictionary determines how words are spelled and hyphenated.
To create a new paragraph style from scratch: 1 Select a paragraph of text. 2 Choose View > Show Styles Drawer (or click Style in the toolbar and choose Show Styles Drawer). In the Styles drawer, select Free Form at the top of the Paragraph Styles list. 3 Format the selected paragraph text so that it looks the way you want. (To learn about formatting text, see Chapter 3, “Formatting Text and Paragraphs.
To modify a character style: 1 Choose View > Show Styles Drawer (or click Style in the toolbar and choose Show Styles Drawer), and select the character style that most closely matches the style you want to design, or select None. If character styles are not visible in the Styles drawer, click the button with the underlined character in the bottom-right corner of the drawer. Click to show character styles. Click to show list styles. 2 Type some text and select a font typeface and size.
Click the disclosure triangle to show character attributes. Select the attributes to include in the new character style. Click to select only those attributes that override the selected paragraph style. To create a new character style from scratch: 1 Select some text. 2 Format the selected text so that it looks the way you want. You can set the font, text size, text color, typeface (such as italic or bold), character spacing, and baseline shift.
Modifying and Creating New List Styles List styles are used to create bulleted and numbered lists. You can also create ordered lists (outlines) by using a tiered numbered list style, such as Harvard or Legal. If you can’t find a list style that meets your needs, you can modify one of the existing list styles, or create a new one. Use the List pane of the Text Inspector to modify or create new list styles.
To modify a bulleted or numbered list style: 1 Choose View > Show Styles Drawer (or click Style in the toolbar and choose Show Styles Drawer), and select the bulleted or numbered list style that best matches the one you want to design. (Be sure the insertion point is visible on the page in order to select a list style.) If the list styles are not visible in the Styles drawer, click the button with the bulleted list at the bottom of the drawer. Click to show list styles.
For image bullets, select one from the list. Â Custom Image: Choose this to use your own image as a bullet. Use the Open dialog to locate and select the image file you want to use. (To change the image, click Choose or drag a new image into the well.) Â Number: Choose this to create a numbered list. You must also choose a numbering style. You can choose Arabic or Roman numerals, or letters. For numbered lists, choose a numbering style. Restart numbering, or continue with previous numbering.
4 Choose View > Show Styles Drawer (or click Style in the toolbar and choose Show Styles Drawer). Notice that one of the list styles is highlighted. This is the style that has been applied to the selected text. (If the list styles are not visible, click the button in the bottom of the Styles drawer.) The triangle to the right of the style name is red, indicating that you have applied overrides to the style by modifying it. Click to show list styles.
Click to advance to the next list indent level. Choose Tiered Numbers to create an ordered list style. For each list indent level, choose a numbering style. For each list indent level, set how far you want to indent the number and its associated text. 3 Choose the numbering or lettering style that you want from the second pop-up menu. 4 Click the right indent level arrow to advance to the second list indent level. 5 Choose the numbering or lettering style that you want for the second list indent level.
To create a new list style from scratch: 1 Select some text. 2 Choose View > Show Inspector (or click Inspector in the toolbar), click Text to open the Text Inspector, and then click List to open the List pane. 3 Format the selected list text so that it looks the way you want. You can select a symbol or image to use as a bullet, and a numbering style. Also, you can set the amount of indentation for each list indent level, as described above.
5 Formatting a Document’s Layout and Table of Contents 5 This chapter describes how to set up the overall layout for your document, including margins, column layouts, and section breaks, and how to generate a table of contents and footnotes. It’s a good idea to set up the document layout—including the page orientation and size, page margins, background graphics (watermarks), and any odd/even-numbered page differences—at the beginning.
The Document Inspector button Use the TOC pane to set up a table of contents for the document. (See page 102.) Use the Info pane to see document statistics, such as word count, date, and keywords. Use the Page Setup dialog to specify paper size and orientation. Set up margins for the left, right, top, and bottom edges of the page. You can set them separately for documents with left- and right-facing pages. Choose a footnote style. Use any available font ligatures throughout the document.
Setting Page Orientation and Size By default, most Pages templates are created for standard paper sizes, with the text printed in portrait (vertical) orientation. If your document will require a different paper size or you want to print it in landscape (horizontal) orientation, you should set the paper size and orientation at the start. This way, as you work in your document, you will have a clearer idea of what it’s going to look like.
Setting Page Margins The default margins for most of the Pages templates, including Blank, are set to one inch from the left and right sides of the page, and one inch from the top and bottom. This means that the body text of the document will not expand outside of these margins. To change the page margins: m In the Document pane of the Document Inspector, enter values in the Left, Right, Top, and Bottom fields.
To create more than four columns: 1 Choose View > Show Inspector (or click Inspector in the toolbar) and then click the Layout Inspector button. 2 Click Layout in the Layout Inspector. 3 Type the number of columns you want in the Columns field. By default, the columns have equal widths. 4 To resize the columns: a Select the checkbox labeled “Equal column width”. b Select a column or gutter width in the table and type a new value, using the units of the document rulers.
To adjust column widths using the rulers: m Drag the left or right edges of the gray gutter areas just below the horizontal ruler. The gray areas denote the column gutters. The white areas below the ruler denote the text area within columns. Varying Column and Page Layout You can use column and layout breaks to create different text layouts on a page. Column breaks end the text flow in one column (leaving the rest of the column blank) and continue it in the next.
To change the number of columns: 1 Place the insertion point after the word where you want to end the current number of columns and change to a new layout. 2 Choose Insert > Layout Break. A layout break is inserted and the insertion point is moved to the top of the next layout. When you show invisibles in your document, a layout break symbol appears like this: 3 Set the number of columns you want, and format them, in the Layout pane of the Layout Inspector.
Creating a Document with Left- and Right-Facing Pages If you intend to print a document double-sided and bind it, it will have left- and right-facing pages. In this case you may want to vary the margins and layout on left and right pages. For instance, you may want the margins that go into the binding to be wider than the outside margins (as in this book, for example), or you may want to place page numbers on the outer corners of each page.
Headers and Footers Headers and footers appear at the top and bottom margins of a document. Usually, they identify the document, author, page number, and so on. To add a header or footer to your document: 1 Choose View > Show Layout. You see the header and footer areas at the top and bottom of the page. 2 Place the insertion point in the header or footer and type, formatting the text as you would regular text. (For information about formatting text, see “Formatting Text Size and Appearance” on page 47.
3 If you want the document to always show the current date and time, select the checkbox labeled “Automatically update the date and time when the document is opened.” 4 Click Insert. To edit the date and time format that’s already been inserted: m Control-click the date and time text, and choose Edit Date & Time from the shortcut menu. Select a new format in the dialog, and click Change.
To format footnote text and numbers: m Select the text and format it as you would any text using the Font panel, the Text Inspector, and the Styles drawer. For more information about how to format text, see Chapter 3, “Formatting Text and Paragraphs.” Varying Document Formatting Using Section Breaks Use section breaks in your document wherever you want to separate your document into sections with different layouts, numbering, or other document formatting.
3 Click Section. 4 Deselect the checkbox labeled “Use previous headers and footers.” 5 Type the new header or footer in the header or footer area of your document. To restart page numbering in a document section: m Select the button labeled “Start at” in the Section pane of the Document Inspector, and then enter the number of the first page of the section. Make page numbering continuous with the previous section or enter a number to start renumbering pages.
Adding a Repeated Background Image You may want to add watermarks, logos, or other background images that appear in the same spot on every page of your document. These repeated graphics are called master objects. Important: Master objects may not appear on every page, depending on whether your document is divided into sections and which settings you have selected in the Section pane of the Layout Inspector.
Generating a Table of Contents Pages can automatically generate a table of contents for your document. In order to create a table of contents, you need to use consistently styled text for the headings in your document. To learn about styled text, see Chapter 4, “Working With Styles.” To create and update a table of contents: 1 Choose View > Show Inspector (or click Inspector in the toolbar), and then click the Document Inspector button. 2 Click TOC.
5 Place the insertion point at the beginning of the line where you want the table of contents to appear, and then choose Insert > Table of Contents. Note: Each table of contents you create lists only the content that follows it, up until the next table of contents. If you want a master table of contents for the entire document, it must be the only table of contents, and it must be at the beginning of the document.
3 To edit the look of the entry text, do the following: a Use the Font panel, the Text Inspector, and the Colors window to change the look of the text as you would style any paragraph text. To learn about changing the look of text, see Chapter 3, “Formatting Text and Paragraphs.” b To create leader lines from an entry to its associated page number, select the TOC entry, click the tab in the Tab Stops column in the Tabs pane of the Text Inspector, and then choose a line style from the Leader pop-up menu.
6 Working With Graphics and Other Media 6 This chapter describes how to add and modify various media in your documents. There are several types of graphics and other media you can include in Pages documents, including images (like photographs or PDF files), simple drawn shapes, tables, and charts. For documents that will be viewed onscreen, you can also add movies and sound.
About Inline Objects Inline objects are embedded in the text flow. If you type more text above them, they are pushed along as the text grows. The selection handles on the top of inline objects are inactive. You cannot drag these handles to resize the object; you can only resize it by dragging the active handles. The top selection handles are inactive for inline objects. A close-up view of inactive selection handle (top) and active selection handle (bottom).
About Fixed Objects Fixed objects are anchored to a position on a page within a document section. Typing more text on the page does not affect the position of a fixed object, but you can drag it to reposition it wherever you want, or resize it. Drag any of the selection handles to reposition or resize fixed objects. You can convert objects from inline to fixed, and vice versa. To learn how, see “Converting Between Fixed and Inline Objects” on page 110.
Drag the image to a position inside the text area (indicated by the thin blue border). The image is placed at the insertion point when you release it. m Place the insertion point wherever you want the image to appear, choose Insert > Choose, and then select the file and click Insert. To add an imported file as a fixed object, do one of the following: m Drag the file from the Finder or Media Browser to the document window to bring it into the document, staying outside of the main body text area.
To add a shape, table, or chart inline with the text: 1 Place the insertion point wherever you want the object to appear in the text flow. 2 Select the object you want to add: Â For shapes, choose Insert > Shape > [shape type] (or click Objects in the toolbar and choose a shape). Â For tables, choose Insert > Table (or click Objects in the toolbar and choose Table). Â For charts, choose Insert > Chart (or click Objects in the toolbar and choose Chart), and then select a chart type in the Chart Inspector.
You add data to your chart using the Chart Data Editor. You can change the chart style, axes, labels, and other attributes using the Chart Inspector. For more information about creating charts, see Chapter 9, “Creating Charts.” Converting Between Fixed and Inline Objects An image that has been imported in line with text can be easily turned into an object that’s fixed on the page, and vice versa. To convert between fixed and inline objects, use the Wrap Inspector.
3 In the Print dialog, choose Output Options from the Copies & Pages pop-up menu. 4 Select the “Save as File” checkbox. 5 Choose PDF from the Format pop-up menu. 6 Click Save As PDF. 7 In the Save dialog, type a name for the PDF file and select a location, then click Save. Cropping (Masking) Fixed Images You can crop images without actually changing the image files by masking parts of them. This allows you to import full images but display only part of them within the document.
Drag the selection handles to resize the visible portion of the image. 4 Double-click the window to make the masked area invisible. The masked image has a dotted line around its visible borders. 5 Drag the selection handles to resize or rotate the visible portion of the image, or drag the entire image to reposition it on the page.
To change the area you want shown of a masked image: 1 Double-click the masked image. 2 Click the dotted border of the resizable window to select it. 3 Drag the selection handles to resize or rotate the visible portion of the image, or drag the window to feature a different part of the image. To unmask an image: m Make the image a fixed object, select it, and then choose Format > Unmask. The full image becomes visible again.
Choose iPhoto, iTunes, or Movies. Select the album where your picture is located. Drag a thumbnail to the document window or to an image well in one of the inspectors. Search for a file by name. To add music from iTunes: 1 Choose iTunes from the Media Browser pop-up menu, and select the playlist you want. 2 Drag a sound file to the document window. To add a movie: 1 Choose Movies from the Media Browser pop-up menu. 2 Drag a movie thumbnail directly to the document window.
Selecting, Dragging, and Resizing Objects Use the selection handles to quickly resize objects. To constrain an object’s proportions or set precise values for its size and location, use the Metrics Inspector. To learn about using the Metrics Inspector for precise object manipulation, see “Changing the Orientation” on page 136, and “Adjusting Size and Position of Objects” on page 137. To move a fixed object: m Click the object to select it (the selection handles appear), and then drag it.
To flip objects horizontally or vertically: m Select the object, and then choose Arrange > Flip Horizontally or Flip Vertically. If you frequently flip objects, you can add the Flip Vertical and Flip Horizontal buttons to the toolbar. To learn about customizing the toolbar, see “The Toolbar” on page 22. To move a fixed object in front or in back of text or another object on the page: 1 Select the object you want to move. 2 Choose Arrange > Bring Forward or Send Backward.
Grouping and Locking Fixed Objects You can group fixed objects together so that they can be moved, copied, and oriented as a single object (a group of objects can’t be resized). You can lock fixed objects to avoid inadvertently moving them as you work. Inline objects cannot be grouped or locked. To group objects: 1 Hold down the Command (or Shift) key as you select the objects you want to group on the page. 2 Choose Arrange > Group. A box with gray selection handles appears around the objects.
Working With Alpha-Channel Graphics Alpha-channel graphics contain a transparent area where text or other images can show through. You can also use alpha channels to create transparency around irregularly shaped images, so the image does not have a rectangular white area around it. This image of a magnifying glass has an alpha channel that allows text to show through the glass. The irregular shape of the image is surrounded by an alpha channel that allows text to show through its containing rectangle.
To open the Wrap Inspector: m Choose View > Show Inspector (or click Inspector in the toolbar), and then click the Wrap Inspector button. The Wrap Inspector button Select to place an object in line with text or fixed on the page. Select to make text wrap around the object using the buttons below. Set the transparency percentage at which text can be seen through the object. Set how much space to leave between the object and the surrounding text.
3 Click a button in the Wrap Inspector to select which side of the object you want the text to wrap around. Text wraps around the object. Text wraps only around right or left side, depending on which side has more space. Text wraps above and below the object. Text wraps to right of object. Text wraps to left of object. 4 To make the text wrap more tightly around an object with an alpha channel, click the right Text Fit button. To make it wrap more loosely, click the left Text Fit button.
To adjust text wrapping around an inline object: 1 Select the object. 2 Select the checkbox labeled “Object causes wrap” in the Wrap Inspector. 3 Click a button in the Wrap Inspector to select how you want the object to be placed within the text. Center object, and wrap text around both sides. Object is aligned left between lines of text. Object is aligned right between lines of text. Object is centered between lines of text. Align object to the right, and wrap text around the left.
Including Sound and Movies You can add sound, movies, and Flash files to your document if it will be viewed onscreen as an HTML file or a Pages file. The movie or sound file will play when the viewer double-clicks its icon on a document page. Pages accepts any QuickTime or iTunes file type, including the following: Â MOV Â FLASH Â MP3 Â MP4 Â AIFF Â AAC Important: When you add a media file to a document, the file does not become part of the Pages document.
4 Choose a repeat option from the Repeat pop-up menu: Â None: Play only once. Â Loop: Repeat continuously. Â Loop Back and Forth: Play backward and forward continuously. The QuickTime Inspector button Select which frame of the movie displays until it begins playing. Set playback repeat options. Set the playback volume. Use these controls to view the movie as you edit your document.
Adding Hyperlinks and Bookmarks Hyperlinks and bookmarks are used in documents that will be viewed onscreen, either as HTML files or as Pages documents. You can add hyperlinks to jump to another page or to open an email message or a URL on the Internet. Use bookmarks to mark passages in the document that you want to refer to as you work. Use this type of hyperlink To open Notes Webpage A page in a web browser Provide the URL of the page you want to open.
 Email Message: Supply the message subject line and the email address of the intended recipient. The blank email message appears in your default email application when the link is clicked. Type the email address of the message recipient. Type the message subject. You can edit the hyperlink text displayed in the document. Pages detects URLs and email addresses automatically as you type, and converts them into hyperlinks. You can disable this feature if you want to.
To edit and use bookmarks: 1 Click Bookmark in the Link Inspector. 2 Click a bookmark in the list to jump to it in the document. 3 Double-click a bookmark in the list to change its name. 4 Click the Name or Page column header to sort bookmarks by name or page number. 5 Click the Add (+) button to add new bookmarks. 6 Select a bookmark in the list and click the Delete (-) button to delete it.
7 Changing Object Properties 7 This chapter describes more advanced features for enhancing graphics and other objects in your document. You can directly manipulate object properties such as color, line style and thickness, shadow, opacity, and orientation using the inspectors and the Colors window, as described in the following sections. Using Color and Image Fills You can create interesting effects with color in Pages.
Click the magnifying glass icon and then click any item on the screen to match its color. The color selected in the color wheel appears in this box. (The two colors in this box indicate the opacity is set to less than 100%) Use the slider to set lighter or darker hues in the color wheel. Click to select a color in the color wheel. Drag the Opacity slider to the left to make the color more transparent. Drag colors from the color box to store them in the color palette.
To save a color in the color palette: m Drag a color from the color box to the color palette. To apply the colors you select in the Colors window to an object on the page, you must place the color in the appropriate color well in an inspector pane. To apply a color to an object on the page: Â Select a color well in one of the inspector panes and then click a color in the color wheel. Â Or drag a color from the color palette or color box to a color well in one of the inspector panes.
To open the Graphic Inspector: m Choose View > Show Inspector (or click Inspector in the toolbar), and then click the Graphic Inspector button. To set the solid fill color of an object: 1 On the page, select the object whose color you want to change. 2 In the Graphic Inspector, choose Color Fill from the Fill pop-up menu. 3 Click the color well below the Fill pop-up menu to open the Colors window. 4 Select a color in the Colors window.
2 In the Graphic Inspector, choose Image Fill from the Fill pop-up menu, and select an image. 3 To change the image, click Choose, select the image, and click Open (or drag the image file from the Finder or Media Browser to the image well in the Graphic Inspector). Use the pop-up menu to set the size of the image within the object. To change the image, drag an image to the image well. 4 Choose an image scale from the pop-up menu.
Tile (small image) Tile (large image) A tinted image fill places a transparent, colored mask over the fill image. To set a tinted image fill for an object: 1 Select the object in which you want to place an image. 2 In the Graphic Inspector, choose Tinted Image Fill from the Fill pop-up menu, and select an image. 3 Click the color well next to the Choose button, and then select a tint color in the Colors window. Drag the Opacity slider in the Colors window to make the tint darker or lighter.
2 In the Graphic Inspector, choose a line style (or None) from the Stroke pop-up menu. For tables, only a solid line or None is available. Click the color well to choose a line color. Enter the line thickness in this field. Choose line end points from these pop-up menus. Choose a solid line, dotted line, dashed line, or no line. 3 To change the line thickness, type a value in the Stroke field (or click the arrows). 4 To change the line color, click the color well and select a color.
Select the checkbox to add a shadow to a selected object. Change the angle of the shadow with the Angle wheel. Offset, Blur, and Opacity fields can change the look of the shadow. Change the shadow color in the color well. To create or remove a shadow for an object: 1 Select the object you want to modify. 2 In the Graphic Inspector, select the Shadow checkbox to add a shadow to the object. Deselect the Shadow checkbox to make the shadow go away. 3 Set the angle for the shadow using the Angle wheel.
This object has the default shadow properties. This object has a different shadow color. This object’s shadow has a high offset value. This object’s shadow has the lowest blur factor. This object’s shadow has a high blur factor. This object’s shadow is set to a different angle. Adjusting Opacity You can create interesting effects by making objects more opaque or less opaque. When you put a low-opacity object on top of another object, for example, the bottom object shows through the top object.
Note: For drawn shapes, you can set opacity for fill and stroke colors separately from object opacity. If you move the Opacity slider in the Colors window to modify a fill or stroke color, that opacity value becomes maximum object opacity. Then, when you change the object opacity in the Graphic Inspector, you are changing it relative to the opacity you set in the Colors window. This circle is set to 100% opacity. This circle is set to 100% opacity.
Find the name of the selected image or movie here. Drag its icon to the page or the desktop to make a copy of it. Resize images and movies to exact dimensions by specifying height and width. Place an object on the page by specifying X and Y coordinates. Flip an image sideways or upside down using these buttons. Rotate an object with this wheel or field. To flip or rotate an object: 1 Select the object you want to rotate.
To maintain the width/height ratio when you resize an object: m Select the checkbox labeled “Constrain proportions” in the Metrics Inspector, or hold down the Shift key as you drag a selection handle. To return an image or movie to its original size: m Select the image or movie and click Original Size in the Metrics Inspector. To set the precise position of a fixed object: 1 Select the object you want to position. 2 In the Metrics Inspector, enter X and Y values in the Position fields.
8 8 Creating Tables Tables are useful for organizing information and creating interesting layouts. This chapter covers the basics of designing tables. Pages provides powerful features for making attractive, compelling tables that can contain text or graphics. Use tables to organize and display data for comparison. By filling table cells with graphics, you can also easily create and format graphic layouts.
This layout, featured in the Photo Journal template, was made by filling some table cells with images, and others with colors and text. Adding a Table Tables can be added in line with text or fixed on the page. (To learn about fixed and inline objects, see “Fixed Objects Versus Inline Objects” on page 105.) Fixed tables cannot span page boundaries, but inline tables can. To add a table in line with text: 1 Place the insertion point wherever you want the table to appear in the text flow.
To draw a table on the page: 1 Hold down the Option key as you click Objects in the toolbar and choose Table. 2 Release the Option key and move the pointer over the page until it becomes a crosshair. 3 Drag across the page to create a table any size you want. As you drag, the number of rows and columns increases or decreases with the size of the table. Note: A table occupies at least one full line of a document. You cannot wrap text around the sides of a table.
 If a table cell is already selected, press Command-Return to select the entire table. Selection handles appear on the edges of the table. Selecting Table Cells When a single cell is selected, you can move between cells by pressing the arrow keys on your keyboard. If you type text in this mode, it replaces text already in the cell. You can also use the Tab key to navigate through the cells. Pressing Tab moves you to the right and downward; pressing Shift-Tab moves to the left or upwards.
Selecting Table Cell Borders If a table spans more than one page or column, selecting the border at the bottom of one page or column may also affect the border at the top of the next page or column. To select multiple borders: 1 Select the table cells whose borders you want to select. 2 Choose View > Show Inspector (or click the Inspector button in the toolbar), and then click the Table Inspector button.
To delete the contents (and background fill) of table cells: m Select the cells and press the Delete key. Formatting Tables You can design tables in a variety of creative ways simply by changing the thickness and color of cell borders, selectively removing cell borders, or merging and splitting cells to create useful asymmetries within the table. Adding Rows and Columns to a Table To specify where you want to add a new row or column in your table, use the Format menu commands.
Type the number of table rows and columns. The Table Inspector button Combine adjacent cells or split rows and columns. Select to add a header row or column. Specify column width and row height. Select table columns, rows, and borders. Select to make rows resize to accommodate content. To change the number of rows or columns in a table: 1 In the Table Inspector, type the number of rows you want in the Rows field. Rows are added to the bottom of the table. (Select the last cell in the table and press Tab.
Creating a Table Header Row or Column You can add a table header row and column that appear at the beginning of the table on each page, if the table spans more than one page (or the beginning of each column or linked text box, if the table spans columns or linked text boxes). Header rows and columns have a different look than the rest of the table cells, but their style can be changed like that of any other cells.
To split cells horizontally or vertically: 1 Select a table cell or cells. To split an entire row or column, select all the cells in the row or column. 2 Choose Format > Table > Split Into Rows or Split Into Columns. You can also split cells into rows or columns by clicking Split Rows or Split Columns in the Table Inspector. You can repeat the split operation to create smaller and smaller units within a table cell. To rejoin split cells, select them and choose Format > Table > Merge Cells.
With this option selected, table cells automatically get bigger when text extends beyond the cell boundary, and adding rows or columns increases the outside dimensions of the table. As text is removed from a cell, the row height may decrease (if the cell determines the row height). If “Automatically resize to fit content” is not selected, Pages tries to keep the outside dimensions of the table the same when you add rows and columns. Note: Table cells cannot span multiple pages, columns, or text boxes.
Begin text in the center of the cell. Grow text from the bottom of the cell. Place text at the top of the cell. You can specify the amount of space between text and its cell border using the Inset Margin slider or field. The amount you specify is applied equally around the text on all four sides. To adjust the space around text within a table cell: 1 Click the cell (or select the whole table to apply the same setting to all cells).
To hide a cell border: 1 Select a cell border or set of cell borders. 2 In the Graphic Inspector, choose None from the Stroke pop-up menu. To create a table with no outside border: 1 Select the table. 2 Choose View > Show Inspector (or click Inspector in the toolbar), and then click the Table Inspector button. 3 Click the second Borders button in the Table Inspector to select the outside borders. 4 Click the Graphic Inspector button, and choose None from the Stroke pop-up menu.
4 Select an image and click Open. 5 Use the Scale pop-up menu to fill the cell the way you want. If you add an image to the entire table, then when you select an individual table cell, the Fill pop-up menu in the Graphic Inspector displays None. For more details about working with image fills, see “Filling an Object With an Image” on page 130.
9 Creating Charts 9 You can turn spreadsheet data into attractive charts. This chapter outlines the basics of creating charts in Pages. Pages provides tools for creating your own visually appealing charts to present numerical data. You can copy and paste your data from a spreadsheet, or type it directly into the Chart Data Editor to create and edit your charts right on the page. About Charts Charts show the relationship of two types of data with respect to each other.
These squares indicate which color represents each data series. The colored squares next to the row labels (Region 1 and Region 2) show which color represents each data series in the chart. The illustration below shows how this data looks as a column chart. The chart legend denotes the two data series. The data sets contain one data point (one bar) from each of the data series. These four bars represent one data series. In this chart, the data series are represented by rows in the Chart Data Editor.
This button makes the columns of data in the Chart Data Editor the data series. This button makes the rows of data in the Chart Data Editor the data series. The illustration below shows the same data, but with the data sets and data series transposed. These two bars represent one data series. The data sets contain one data point (one bar) from each of the four data series. For this chart, the data series are represented by columns in the Chart Data Editor pictured earlier.
Adding a Chart Charts can be added in line with text or fixed on the page. (To learn about fixed and inline objects, see “Fixed Objects Versus Inline Objects” on page 105.) Once you have added the chart to the page, you can change the chart type and format it by using the Chart Inspector, pictured later in this chapter. To add a chart in line with text: 1 Place the insertion point wherever you want the chart to appear in the text flow.
Selecting a Chart Type Pages provides eight types of charts to choose from, including bar charts, line charts, area charts, and pie charts. Once you’ve placed a chart on a page, you can change its type and format it using the Chart Inspector. To open the Chart Inspector: m Choose View > Show Inspector (or click Inspector in the toolbar) and then click the Chart Inspector button. To select a chart type, do one of the following: Â Choose Format > Chart > [chart type].
Click these buttons to add another row or column for data. Type chart data directly into these spreadsheet cells. Drag labels to reorder them. To copy data from another spreadsheet into the Chart Data Editor: 1 Open the spreadsheet with the data you want, and select all the relevant cells. 2 Choose Edit > Copy (or press Command-C). 3 Select the top cell in the first column of the Chart Data Editor. 4 Choose Edit > Paste (or press Command-V).
Formatting Charts You can resize and reposition charts and chart legends just like any other object. You can format chart elements—fonts, colors, axis labels, and tick marks—to suit your preferences. You can also hide the chart legend. Most chart formatting tasks are done using the Chart Inspector. You can also accomplish many tasks using shortcut menus. To open a chart’s shortcut menu: m Hold down the Control key and click a chart.
Changing Chart Fonts You can change the fonts and text colors used for axis labels, data point labels, and legends. To change chart fonts: 1 Select the text you want to change. To change the font on all chart elements, click the chart to select it. If you select the text for one data point or axis label, all the text of that kind is also selected. You change the font for a chart legend separately. 2 Choose Format > Font > Show Fonts (or click Fonts in the toolbar) to open the Font panel. 3 Select a font.
Show or hide axes and chart borders. Set styles for labels and tick marks along the chart grid. Set the range of values that appear on the chart grid. Select units for values in the chart. To show or hide axes and chart borders: 1 Select the chart. 2 In the Chart Inspector, click the Axis button if it is not already selected. 3 Choose one or more items from the Axes & Borders pop-up menu to select it. A selected item has a checkmark next to it; choose the item again to deselect it.
To display the minimum data value one the value axis: 1 Select the chart. 2 In the Chart Inspector, click the Axis button if it’s not already selected. 3 Select Show Value Labels and Show Minimum Value from the value axis pop-up menu (the X- or Y-axis pop-up menu, depending on the chart). An item is selected when it has a checkmark next to it. To specify units for axis values: 1 Select the chart. 2 In the Chart Inspector, click the Axis button if it is not already selected.
Show or hide series axis labels. Set the text direction for the series axis labels. Place tick marks along the X-axis. Show or hide the X-axis gridlines. 4 To add grid labels and tick marks to the value axis, choose from the Y-Axis pop-up menu. (For horizontal bar charts, choose from among these same options in the XAxis pop-up menu.) Show or hide value axis labels. Place tick marks along the Y-axis. Show or hide the Y-axis gridlines.
4 To specify the number of decimal places you want to display, type a number in the Decimals field. 5 To change the position of data point values, choose an option from the Data Point Settings pop-up menu. 6 Use the Font panel (Format > Font > Show Fonts) to choose a font, font size, and style for the data point labels.
On pie charts, in addition to showing values for wedges, you can display the series name. To show a series name in a pie chart: 1 Select the chart or individual pie wedges. 2 In the Chart Inspector, click the Series button. 3 Select Show Series Name from the Data Point Settings pop-up menu (an item is selected when it has a checkmark next to it). 4 Choose Inside or Outside from the Data Point Settings pop-up menu. You can separate any (or all) of the pie wedges.
You can put shadows on individual pie wedges or on the pie as a whole. Putting shadows on individual wedges makes it look like the wedges are in different layers. To put shadows on individual pie wedges: 1 Select the chart or individual pie wedges. 2 In the Chart Inspector, click the Series button. 3 Choose Individual from the Shadow pop-up menu. 4 In the Graphic Inspector, set shadow attributes. (For more information, see “Adding Shadows” on page 133.) To put a shadow on the whole pie: 1 Select the chart.
Separate the individual bars in the chart. Separate the data sets in the chart. Add shadows to bars or data sets. 3 To change the space between bars, type a value (or click the arrows) in the “Gap between bars” field. 4 To change the space between data sets, type a value in the “Gap between sets” field. The value is the percentage of the bar thickness. Decreasing the space between the bars makes them thicker.
Area Charts and Line Charts In area and line charts, you can use symbols—circles, triangle, squares, and diamonds—to represent data points. The data points in this series are represented with circles. The data points in this series are represented with triangles. To use a symbol for the data points in a series: 1 Select a data series (area shape or line). 2 In the Series pane of the Chart Inspector, choose a symbol from the Data Point Symbol pop-up menu. Choose a symbol to use for data points.
10 Printing and Exporting Your Document to Other Formats 10 This chapter describes the various ways you can print, view, and share your Pages document. In addition to printing or faxing your document, you can share your document electronically. By exporting to other document formats, you can collaborate with others who use AppleWorks or Microsoft Word. You can also make your document available on the web as a PDF file or as an HTML page.
3 Choose a standard paper size from the Paper Size pop-up menu. If you want to set a custom paper size, do the following: a Choose Custom Paper Size from the Settings pop-up menu. Type a name for the custom paper size. Click to create a new custom paper size. Click to duplicate or delete a selected paper size. If you edit the custom paper size options, click Save to save the changes. Set the page margins. Set the paper height and width. b Click New and type a name for the new paper size.
4 Select an orientation option using one of the buttons at the bottom of the Page Setup dialog. Landscape orientation with the top of the page on the right side of the paper Landscape orientation with the top of the page on the left side of the paper Portrait orientation (default for most templates) Printing All or Part of Your Document You can print your entire document, a selected page range, or only odd or even pages.
To print the full document or a range of pages: 1 Choose File > Print. 2 Choose the printer you want to use from the Printer pop-up menu. If you don't see the printer you want to use, choose Edit Printer List and add it. To learn about adding a printer, search for “Adding a printer” in Mac OS Help. To find out where the printer you are using is located, pause with the pointer over the printer's name when you are choosing it from the Printer pop-up menu.
To print several pages on a single sheet of paper: 1 Choose Layout from the pop-up menu beneath the Presets pop-up menu. See a preview of the layout you have set up. Print left to right first, then down. Print pages right to left first, then down. Print pages top to bottom first, then across to the right. Print pages top to bottom first, then across to the left. Select double-sided printing options. Choose a line style to separate the printed pages on each sheet.
To use the same settings in the future, choose the preset’s name from the Presets pop-up menu. Adjusting the Document Color With ColorSync You can make printed documents lighter, darker, or sepia-toned, or add other effects, by adding a Quartz filter to your printer output. The filter uses ColorSync technology to modify the printed document without modifying the document itself. You can also use ColorSync to change the resolution of your document. Note: Not all printers can print in color.
Exporting to Other Document Formats You can share your Pages documents across different platforms by exporting them to other formats, such as Microsoft Word, PDF, or HTML. To export a document to another file format: 1 Choose File > Export. 2 Select the document type you want in the Export dialog.
11 Designing Your Own Document Templates 11 This chapter is for designers who want to create their own document templates. This chapter assumes you are already familiar with the design and formatting features of Pages described in earlier chapters. The templates that come with Pages provide ideas for page designs, and also define the look of charts, tables, and text.
If you want to design a new template from scratch, begin with a Blank template. It may be useful to proceed through all of the sections in this chapter in order. Step 1: Setting Up the Document Before you get into the deeper levels of designing the document, you should be sure to specify the general “size and shape” of the document. Doing this first will ensure consistency throughout the document. To set up your document, take care of these tasks first: 1 Set paper size and orientation.
To place a master object: 1 Place a fixed graphic anywhere on the page. (Inline objects cannot be used as master objects.) 2 Set the object size. 3 Set object opacity. For more information, see “Adjusting Opacity” on page 135. 4 Mask any part of the image you don’t want to appear. For more information, see “Cropping (Masking) Fixed Images” on page 111. 5 Set the text wrapping the way you want it. For more information, see “Wrapping Text Around an Object” on page 118.
To create alignment guides on a page: 1 Go to the page to which you want to add the alignment guides. 2 Click outside the main body of your document so that the insertion point is not visible. 3 Choose View > Show Rulers. 4 Place the pointer on a ruler and drag the blue alignment guide wherever you want on the page. (You can change the color of the alignment guides using Pages Preferences.
Setting Default Styles for Shapes, Tables, and Charts The default styles for text boxes, shapes, tables, and charts determine what each of these objects looks like when it first appears on the page (for example, the color, size, and orientation of the shape that appears when the you choose Insert > Shape > [shape]).
Defining Attributes for Tables You can design the default table the way you like it, setting the number of rows and columns, line styles and colors, text styles, shadows, and so on. To set default table attributes: 1 Place a table on the page. 2 Select the table and set its attributes. To read about placing and formatting tables, see Chapter 8, “Creating Tables.” 3 Set text wrapping around the table. 4 Choose Format > Advanced > Define Default Table Style. 5 Delete the table from the page.
Defining Default Attributes for Imported Graphics For imported graphics, you can set default shadows, opacity, and outline (stroke) color. To set default image attributes: 1 Place an image on the page. 2 Select the image and set its attributes. (To read about setting object attributes, see “Changing Line Style” on page 132, “Adding Shadows” on page 133, and “Adjusting Opacity” on page 135.) 3 Set text wrapping around the image. 4 Choose Format > Advanced > Define Default Image Style.
Important: When selecting blocks of text to define as placeholder text, be careful not to select the final paragraph break character. Doing so will cause the entire paragraph to be deleted when the user begins typing in the placeholder text, and the new text will take on the attributes of the following paragraph. To see the paragraph break character as you work, choose View > Show Invisibles. To remove placeholder text: m Select it and press Delete.
3 Type a name for the page design. 4 Choose the number of pages you want to include in the page design from the Include pop-up menu. 5 Delete the pages from your template if you want them to appear only in the Pages submenu, but not as a regular part of the template. To manage page layouts you have created: 1 Choose Format > Advanced > Manage Pages. A dialog opens. 2 Select a page title and click the up or down arrow buttons to change its position in the list.
Step 4: Saving a Custom Template You can save your new template so that it appears in the Template Chooser. When another person opens the template to use it, it opens in exactly the same state as you saved it. That means you can choose to leave the Styles drawer open or closed, or leave invisibles, rulers, and layout marks visible. To save the current template as a custom template: 1 Choose File > Save as Template. 2 Type a name for the template.
Index Index > symbol (in menu commands) 12 bullets modifying 84 A C accent marks 51 adding pages 31 aligning text 55 alignment of bulleted text 85 of text 54, 58 alignment guides 20 alternate pages different headers/ footers 100 anchor point icon 19 AppleWorks 29 area charts 168 callouts defining defaults 181 capitalization 54 Center Tab icon 59 characters formatting 48 typing special 52 character spacing 57 character style creating 82 modifying 81 Chart Data Editor 157 adding/deleting rows/ columns
D email addresses 125 exporting documents 175 about 107 adding 35 converting 110 resizing 115 Font panel about 24 formatting text 48 fonts 49 color 50 size 49 typeface 49 footers adding 97 footnotes formatting 99 inserting 98 numbering 90, 98 formatted text fields 97 formatting marks See invisibles F G date field 97 decimal tab changing character 61 Decimal Tab icon 59 default template 30 deleting text 39 dictionary changing 43 language 79 document planning 25 printing 46, 169 saving 45 document layout
L landscape 91 language 79 changing 43 layout 92 show and hide 34 starting at top of page 95 layout break 18, 94 symbol 95 layout view 17 leader lines 61 Left Tab icon 59 ligature 54, 79 line break lists 63 line break icon 19 line charts 168 line spacing before/after paragraphs 57 setting 56 linked text boxes 66 lists bulleted 62 indenting 64 line break 63 numbered 62 list style modifying 84, 86 locking objects 38 M magnifying the view 17 margins page 92 paragraph 61 Index setting for document 90 masking
background color 51 borders 67 fill color 67 indent 62 margins 61 paragraph break icon 19 paragraph fill 79 paragraph formatting using hyphenation 90 using ligatures 90 paragraph style creating new 80 modifying 77 PDF 110, 175 pie charts 164 placeholder graphics 15, 18, 34, 184 placeholder text about 18, 32 creating 183 editing 183 using 32 plain text 175 portrait orientation 91 position tags 36 presets 173 printing adjusting color 174 cover page 172 creating presets 173 document 46, 169 double-sided 173 od
header rows and columns 146 number of rows and columns 145 placing 109, 140 setting defaults 182 Table Inspector 144 table of contents formatting 103 generating 102 pane 90 tabs changing decimal 61 changing default 59 tab stops deleting 61 setting 58, 60 Template Chooser 30 text alignment 55 alignment and spacing 54 capitalization 47 color 50 copying 39 cutting 39 deleting 39 formatting 48 raising or lowering 47 shadows 51 size 49 strikethrough lines 50 underlines 50 text box aligning text 55 defining defau
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