WaveBurner User Manual
Apple Inc. © 2007 Apple Inc. All rights reserved. Under the copyright laws, this manual may not be copied, in whole or in part, without the written consent of Apple. Your rights to the software are governed by the accompanying software licence agreement. The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries.
1 Preface 7 8 9 Contents An Introduction to WaveBurner Creating a CD With WaveBurner Quick Start Chapter 1 11 12 13 13 15 16 17 18 21 22 23 23 The WaveBurner Interface The Toolbar Overview Wave View Area Region List Track List Plug-in Windows Region Info Window Track Info Window Index Point Info Window Level Meter Customizing the Toolbar Chapter 2 25 25 26 26 27 27 29 Getting Started With WaveBurner Elements of a Project Creating, Opening, and Saving Projects Adding Audio Files to a Project Name H
35 36 38 38 38 Normalizing Regions Adding and Adjusting Fades Bouncing Regions Renaming Regions Deleting Regions Chapter 4 39 39 40 42 Working With Tracks The Track List The CD Track Info Window Bouncing Tracks Chapter 5 43 43 44 46 Working With Markers Types of Markers Inserting and Deleting Markers Moving Markers Chapter 6 49 49 50 51 52 52 53 53 Working With Effects Effects Plug-ins Included With WaveBurner Using Audio Units Effects Plug-ins Adding and Deleting Plug-ins Bypassing Plug-ins Ad
Appendix 63 63 63 63 64 64 64 65 65 65 WaveBurner Keyboard Shortcuts File Commands Editing Commands Disc Operations Region Commands View Commands Transport Operations Wave View Area Commands Window Commands Help Commands Contents 5
Preface An Introduction to WaveBurner WaveBurner is an application that lets you assemble, master, and burn audio CDs using a SuperDrive or CD burner supported by Mac OS X. Audio CDs created with WaveBurner can be played back on any audio CD player, and can be used as pre-masters—for mass production. WaveBurner supports all Red Book options for CD audio data storage.
Creating a CD With WaveBurner WaveBurner makes it easy to create professional-quality audio CDs, in a straightforward, no-fuss way. The following outlines the workflow of a typical WaveBurner project. Step 1: Add audio files You start by creating a new project and adding audio files. When you add an audio file, it is imported as a region, which you can arrange and edit in the Wave View area and the Region list. A track is created for each new region.
Quick Start You can quickly burn a CD, using existing audio files and default settings for pauses and crossfades. To quickly burn a CD: 1 Open WaveBurner. 2 Choose File > New to create a new project. 3 Drag the desired audio files into the Region list or Wave View area—in the order that you want them to appear on the CD. 4 Click the Burn button. The Burn dialog appears at the top of the window. The name of the CD burner is shown in the Burn dialog.
1 The WaveBurner Interface 1 You create your projects in the main WaveBurner window. You can add and organize the regions in your project, graphically edit regions, pauses, and crossfades, play the project to preview your changes, and add effects plug-ins in the WaveBurner window.
 Region list: Lists the regions in chronological order. You add and organize regions in the Region list.  Track list: Lists tracks in the order that they will appear on the CD, and displays information for each track.  Region and Mix Plug-In lists: You add effects plug-ins and adjust plug-in parameters in the Region and Mix Plug-In lists.
Overview The Overview displays the entire duration of the project. A red rectangle in the Overview indicates the part of the project currently visible in the Wave View area. You can navigate to a different part of the project while simultaneously zooming in or out on the Wave View, by dragging horizontally (move) and vertically (zoom) in the rectangle. Wave View Area The Wave View area is the main workspace for your projects. You view and graphically edit regions and markers in the Wave View area.
 Position line: This shows the current point in time (audible if the project is playing), or the playback start position (if stopped).  Transport buttons: You control the playback, stop, and forward/rewind functions, and the location of the position line with the transport buttons.  Edit mode buttons: Click one of the buttons to choose either of the edit pointer modes, to perform different region editing tasks in the Wave View area. Press Command to change between the two edit pointer modes.
Region List You add and organize your project’s regions in the Region list. Regions are listed chronologically (in time order) from top to bottom. When you select a region in the Region list, the region is also selected in the Wave View area. Click-holding the audio file icon in the first column allows you to reorder regions by dragging them up or down. Option-dragging region names copies them.
Track List The Track list displays the track order as it will appear on the CD, and shows information about each track. The Track list includes the following information for each track and its marker points:  Number  Start time  Title  Length  Copy Protection state (SCMS)  Pre-emphasis state (PE)  ISRC code  Pause start time  Comments The arrow menu in the upper right corner of the Track list allows you to change the time format.
Region and Mix Plug-In Lists You add and organize plug-ins in the two Plug-In lists. The Region Plug-In list shows the plug-ins for the currently selected region. Note: If none, or more than one, region is selected, the Region Plug-In list does not display any plug-ins. The Mix Plug-In list shows plug-ins used on the overall project. Click on the corresponding tab to select either list. The Add Plug-In menu enables you to load a plug-in. Click on the menu, and browse to the desired plug-in name.
Region Info Window The Region Info window allows you to view and edit information about the currently selected region and its source audio file. To show the Region Info window, do one of the following: Â Select a region, then choose Region > Region Info (or press Command-R). Â Double-click on the desired region. The Previous and Next buttons allow you to step between the preceding and ensuing regions in the Region list. This can accelerate the editing of a particular parameter in several regions.
 Gain Left and Gain Right: These fields show the gain settings for the left and right audio channels. Adjust by click-holding on the arrows on either side of the numerical value, or double-click directly on the value and type in a new one.  Region Peak Position and Level: Indicate the position (relative to the start of the region, not the audio file) and level of the highest audio peak in the region.
Fades Tab The Fades tab of the Region Info window allows you to view and edit the following information about the fades for the Fade In (top) and Fade Out (bottom) of your region. Â Fade-In and Fade Out menu: Click to choose a fade type. Choices include No Fade, Free, S-Curve, and Concave/Convex fade curves. Click the Set Linear button to reset the fade curves to linear (straight line). Â Fade Length: Click to input the desired fade length.
Track Info Window The Track Info window allows you to view and edit information about the selected track (in the Track list). To show the Track Info window, do one of the following: m Select the track in the Track list, then choose Disc > CD Track Info (or press Command-T). m Click the track start marker for the track, then choose Disc > Track Info (or press Command-T). m Double-click the track start marker for the track.
CD Text Tab The CD TEXT tab of the Track Info window allows you to view or edit the following information:  Track number  Title  Performer  Songwriter  Composer  Arranger  Message Note: CD TEXT can only be written to your disk if your CD burner supports CD TEXT and the Write CD TEXT Data option is checked in WaveBurner > Preferences > Burn. Only CD TEXT compatible CD players will display CD Text.
The General tab of the Index Point Info window displays the following information:  Index Point Name  Track Number  Index Point Number  Position (of the index point) Relative To Track  Position (of the index point) Relative To Disc The Comments tab allows you to enter notes for the selected index point. Level Meter The Level Meter window displays the volume level of the left and right channels of your project—in real time, as the project plays.
2 Getting Started With WaveBurner 2 You assemble CDs in a WaveBurner project. A project contains audio regions and CD tracks, that are created when you add audio files. All region and track edits, effect plug-ins, track and index markers are contained in the project. A project can also include CD TEXT, disc and mastering information. Projects do not include the original audio files—only references to file locations on your computer hard disks. This keeps the size of the project file relatively small.
Creating, Opening, and Saving Projects The first step in making a CD in WaveBurner is the creation of a new project. To create a new project: m Choose File > New (or press Command-N). A new blank, untitled project document appears. You can name the project when you first save it. ∏ Tip: Dragging audio files onto the WaveBurner icon in the Finder or Dock creates a new project. The audio files are automatically added to the new project.
To add one or more audio files to a project, do one of the following: m Drag the audio files from the Finder into the Region list or Wave View area. m Drag the audio files onto the WaveBurner icon in the Finder or Dock. The files are inserted at the end of the project. m Choose File > Import Audio File (or press Command-F), select the audio files you want to use, then click Add. m Click the Import button in the upper left corner of the Region list, and choose the audio file from the file selector.
 Play/Pause: Starts playback from the current position line location.  Stop: Stops playback.  Back: Scrubs (shuttles while audio is heard) towards the start of the project. Clickhold on the button to operate.  Forward: Scrubs (shuttles while audio is heard) towards the end of the project. Clickhold on the button to operate. To start playback, do one of the following: m Click the Play button in the Transport (or press the Space bar). m Double-click either time ruler to start playback from that point.
Navigating in the Wave View Area Navigation in the Wave View area is performed with the zoom controls and scroll bar. You can also move to different parts of the Wave View area by using the rectangle in the Overview. You can zoom in to make precise edits, or zoom out to see more of your project. The zoom control slider uses a graduated scale. Moving the slider left, or clicking the left side of the scale, zooms in for a closer view of a section of the Wave View area.
You can navigate to different parts of your project by dragging the horizontal scroll bar or red rectangle in the Overview—to the left or right. You can also use a number of transport keyboard shortcuts. See “Transport Operations” on page 64.
3 Working With Regions 3 Regions are the building blocks of your WaveBurner projects. Regions can include the entire source audio file or any continuous section of an audio file. The edits you make to a region do not change the source audio file, so you can always revert to the original, if necessary. When you add an audio file to a project, a region is created. The new region appears in the Wave View area and in the Region list.
Copying Regions You can copy a region in the Region list. To copy a region: m Option-drag the region’s icon up or down in the first column of the Region list. As you Option-drag, a dark, horizontal line will indicate the target location for the region copy. Reordering Regions Regions are displayed in their order of appearance in the project—from top to bottom in the Region list, and left to right in the Wave View area. You can reorder regions in the Region list.
Trimming Regions You can trim (shorten) a region by adjusting either (or both) the start and end points. To trim the start or end point: 1 Move the pointer over the left or right edge of the region. The pointer changes to the Resize pointer. 2 Drag the edge of the region. You can drag the start point to the right, or drag the end point to the left. Note: As you drag, the region is trimmed, and all subsequent regions are moved—in order to retain their relative positions.
Adjusting Levels A horizontal line—known as the region’s level envelope—is overlaid on top of each region in the Wave View area. The line shows the volume level for the region. You can adjust the region’s volume level by moving it up or down. To adjust the level of a region: 1 Move the pointer over the horizontal level envelope that you want to adjust. The pointer changes to a vertical line, with arrows pointing up and down. 2 Drag the envelope up or down to a new value.
Normalizing Regions Typically, you want the volume level of your audio regions to be as high as possible, without causing clipping. Changing the level of a region to the maximum possible value—without causing clipping—is known as normalizing. When a region is normalized, it is boosted so that the signal peak reaches (but doesn’t exceed) the set digital level (maximum: 0 dB, but see below).
Adding and Adjusting Fades Fade-ins and fade-outs are commonly used at the beginning and end of songs in music production. Commercially recorded albums make frequent use of these types of edits to create a sense of continuity when moving from one track to the next. To add a fade-in: 1 Move the pointer over the fade-in handle located on the volume envelope—at the left edge of the region. The pointer changes to a left-right arrow. 2 Drag the envelope point to the right to set the length of the fade-in.
To reactivate the automatic setting of a manually edited fade: 1 Move the Fade length handle to the position that coincides with the beginning (or end) of the other overlapping region. 2 When the cursor changes to a chain icon, release the Fade length handle. The automatic fade function will be restored. If you move the region to a position where it doesn’t overlap another region, and then move the corresponding Fade length handle to the zero position, the automatic fade function is reactivated.
Bouncing Regions When you bounce a region in WaveBurner, the region’s audio, inclusive of any edits you’ve made (such as changes, fades, and trims) and the effects of all region plug-ins are rendered into a new audio file. Note: Region plug-ins are included when you bounce a region, but Mix plug-ins are not. Bouncing a region saves processing power. The computer simply reads the bounced audio file, and does not need to process the edits or plug-ins in real time.
4 Working With Tracks 4 Tracks are the individual selections on a CD, which a listener chooses with the track number or forward and back buttons on a CD player. By default, a track is created for each region in a project. It’s also possible to combine several regions into one track, or to create several tracks with one region. Tracks are defined by a track start marker and a corresponding pause start point—automatically inserted when you add a region.
Adding ISRC Codes The International Standard Recording Code, or ISRC, serves as a unique registration code for phonograph and audio-visual recordings. The ISRC standard was established in 1986 by the ISO (International Standards Organization) in ISO document No. 3901. The IFPI (International Federation of the Phonographic Industry) was designated as the international registration agency in 1989. The IFPI recommends that members include the ISRC in the subcode as a “fingerprint” for all digital recordings.
Setting the Copy Prohibit Bit You can set a Copy Prohibit Bit for a track. When a track’s Copy Prohibit Bit is set, the track cannot be digitally copied more than once—by recording devices that support the Serial Copy Management System (SCMS). These devices automatically write a Copy Prohibit Bit to prevent further generation of digital copies (of the track). Consumer-level DAT recorders (and a handful of professional-level units) are usually equipped with SCMS.
Bouncing Tracks You can bounce a track. As with bouncing a region, bouncing a track has two benefits: it lets you save a processed version of the track, including plug-ins and so on, and it can help conserve processing power. To bounce a track: 1 In the Track list, select the track. 2 Choose Disc > Bounce CD Track. 3 Choose a save location and name for the track in the Save dialog, then click OK.
5 Working With Markers 5 Markers are integral to the Red Book CD format standard. You can use markers to indicate a specific point in time on the CD. Types of Markers WaveBurner uses the following types of markers: Â Track start markers: Indicate the start of a track—they appear as track numbers on the CD player’s display, and are used for navigation with the forward, back, or track number controls of a CD player.
Inserting and Deleting Markers When you add an audio file to a project, a track start marker is inserted at the beginning of the region. The track start marker is tied to a pause start point that is inserted at the end of the preceding region (including the first region in the project). The default pause length—the amount of time that elapses between the pause start point and track start markers—initially depends on the Default Pause Length parameter, defined in the General Preferences tab.
To insert an index marker: 1 Click the Index Marker button (the orange marker button to the left of the Transport buttons). Index Marker button 2 Click the marker bar (above or below the region) at the position you want to insert the index marker. Markers are always “attached” to a region. This ensures that markers retain their relative positions.
Moving Markers You can move track start and index markers in the Wave View area. The track start marker and pause start point can be moved together, or separately. Moving the Track Start Marker and Pause Start Point Together You can simultaneously move the track start marker and pause start point—to change the track start time, while preserving the pause length. To move both track start marker and pause start point: 1 Place the pointer between the pause start point and the track start mark.
Automatic Positioning of Track Start Markers Track start markers are repositioned automatically when regions are moved: In overlapping regions, these are located at the center of the overlapping sequence. In non-overlapping regions, a pause start is located at the end of the first region, and a track start at the beginning of the second region. If you manually change the marker positions, the automatic function is switched off.
6 Working With Effects 6 You can add effects to individual regions or to the overall project mix. Effects let you modify and shape the sound of regions or projects in a variety of ways. You add effects to your project with plug-ins. WaveBurner includes a complete set of professional-quality effect plug-ins that can be used to master a CD. You can also add Audio Unit format effect plug-ins, including those developed by third-party vendors.
 Specialized: Denoiser, Exciter, Speech Enhancer, SubBass  Utility: Gain Please see the Logic Studio Instruments and Effects manual for a full description of each effect. Using Audio Units Effects Plug-ins In addition to the included effects plug-ins, you can add plug-ins in the Audio Units format. Audio Units plug-ins are available from Apple and third-party manufacturers.
The Audio Units Manager also allows you to disable Audio Units plug-ins that you don’t want to use in WaveBurner, even if they pass validation. Simply uncheck the corresponding checkbox in the Use column to disable any plug-in. You can store your choice of Audio Unit plug-ins by clicking OK. Click the Reset & Rescan All button to run another validation test, after installing plugins/updaters or moving components in the Finder, while WaveBurner or the Audio Units Manager are open.
Bypassing Plug-ins You can bypass a plug-in in order to hear the region or project without the plug-in, without losing the changes you’ve made to the plug-in’s parameters. To bypass a plug-in: m Click the checkbox to the right of the desired row in the Plug-In list. Click the checkbox again to hear the plug-in. Adjusting Plug-in Parameters Each plug-in contains a set of parameters which control the way the plug-in shapes the sound.
Changing the Plug-in Order Changing the order of plug-ins can radically change the sound of the region or mix being processed. Feeding a region through a reverb → chorus → delay chain delivers very different tonal results to feeding the same region through a delay → chorus → reverb, even when identical settings are used for all three effects.
7 Burning a Project to a CD 7 When your project is complete, you can burn the project to a CD. The resulting audio CD conforms to Red Book standard and can be played on any audio CD player. Getting Ready to Burn a CD Before burning your project to a CD, there are several things you should do to prepare: Â Check that the CD burner is connected, turned on, and working. Â Check that WaveBurner recognizes the CD burner. Â Set Disc Options for the project. Â Preview the transitions between tracks.
Adding a UPC/EAN Code Commercially produced CDs typically include a Universal Product Code (UPC) and a European Article Number (EAN). These contain information about the record company producing the CD, and may contain additional information. To add a UPC/EAN code: 1 Choose Disc > Disc Options, then click the General tab if necessary. 2 Type the code in the UPC/EAN Code field. 3 When you are finished, click OK.
To add mastering information to a project: 1 Choose Disc > Mastering Notes to show the Mastering Notes window. 2 Click the Session or Client tab, as applicable. 3 Type the desired information in the appropriate field. 4 Click Apply. Previewing Transitions Before burning a CD, it’s advisable to preview transitions—to ensure that everything is as you want it.
8 Setting WaveBurner Preferences 8 You can set preferences for various aspects of WaveBurner in the Preferences window. Some preferences apply to the current project, and others apply when you create a new project. You may want to set several preferences before working on projects. To open the Preferences window: m Choose WaveBurner > Preferences (or press Command-comma). General Preferences  At Startup: Sets the default behavior when you open WaveBurner.
Audio Driver Preferences  Driver: Choose the (output) audio device from the pop-up menu.  Output: Choose the output channel, or channels, from the pop-up menu. The number of channels available depends on the device selected in the Driver pop-up menu. Preview Preferences If the preview function is active (Disc > Preview Disc or Preview Track) WaveBurner plays a short audio segment surrounding each track marker—in consecutive order.
Burn Preferences       Write CD TEXT Data: Turn on to include CD TEXT on the CD. Write Index Points: Turn on to include index point information on the CD. Write UPC/EAN Code: Turn on to include UPC/EAN code on the CD. Write ISRC Codes: Turn on to include ISRC codes on the CD. Write Pre-Emphasis: Turn on to include pre-emphasis flags on the CD. Write SCMS: Turn on to include SCMS on the CD. Note: CD TEXT can only be written to your disk if your CD burner supports CD TEXT.
SDII Preferences WaveBurner can import files and regions in SDII (Sound Designer II) format. The SDII preferences determine how WaveBurner handles the import. Â Add SDII Regions As WaveBurner Regions: If turned off, an SDII file will be imported as a single WaveBurner region. Switch on to add multiple SDII regions to WaveBurner. If the SDII file does not contain region definitions, a dialog will ask if you want to add the whole file as one region.
Appendix WaveBurner Keyboard Shortcuts File Commands Function Keyboard shortcut New Command-N Open Command-O Close Command-W Save Command-S Save As Command-Shift-S Import Audio File Command-F Burn Disc Command-B Editing Commands Function Keyboard shortcut Undo Command-Z Redo Command-Shift-Z Cut Command-X Copy Command-C Paste Command-V Select All Command-A Disc Operations Function Keyboard shortcut Preview Disc Command-D Preview Track Command-K CD Track Info Command-T
Region Commands Function Keyboard shortcut Region Info Command-R View Commands Function Keyboard shortcut Zoom In Down Arrow Zoom Out Up Arrow Maximum Zoom Out Option–Down Arrow Maximum Zoom In Option–Up Arrow Transport Operations Function 64 Keyboard shortcut Start/Stop Playback Space bar, Enter Return to the Disc Start Return Go to Next Track Start Right Arrow Go to Previous Track Start Left Arrow Go to Next Index Marker Option–Right Arrow Go to Previous Index Marker Option–Lef
Wave View Area Commands Function Keyboard shortcut Toggle between Scissor and Pointer tool Command when mouse pointer is over region Toggle between Track and Index Marker pointer Command when mouse pointer is over marker bar Insert track start marker at position line T Insert index marker at position line I Go to next marker Option–Right Arrow Go to previous marker Option–Left Arrow Move track start without moving pause start mark when track marker is closed Command-drag track start mark to t
