IntraCore 6524 Ethernet Switch User’s Manual Asanté Technologies, Inc. 821 Fox Lane San Jose, CA 95131 www.asante.com 1.800.662.9686 September 2000 Part Number: 06-00578-00 Rev.
Copyright Notice All rights reserved. No part of this manual, or any associated artwork, software, product, design or design concept, may be copied, reproduced or stored, in whole or in part, in any form or by any means mechanical, electronic, optical, photocopying, recording or any other wise, including translation to another language or format, without the express written consent of Asanté Technologies, Inc. Trademarks Asanté Technologies and IntraCore are trademarks of Asanté Technologies, Inc.
Table of Contents Introduction .................................................................................... 1-1 IntraCore Architecture Overview ................................................. 1-1 The Core Switching Engine ..................................................... 1-1 Infrastructure Connectivity ....................................................... 1-2 Network Management, Security, Performance, and Control ... 1-3 The IntraCore Product Family .........................................
Configuration ................................................................................. 3-1 Local Management Interface ...................................................... 3-2 Logging In ............................................................................... 3-2 Main Menu .............................................................................. 3-3 Viewing General Information ...................................................... 3-4 Configuration Menu ................................
Port Mirroring ............................................................................ 3-34 Current Options ..................................................................... 3-35 Enabling or Disabling System Port Mirroring ......................... 3-35 Specifying Port Traffic Monitor Type ..................................... 3-36 Setting the Monitor Port ......................................................... 3-36 Image File Downloading Configuration .....................................
Configuring Port New Node Detection Trap .......................... 4-14 Configuring Port Lock and Intruder Lock .............................. 4-15 Setting the Intruder Trap ....................................................... 4-16 Inserting/Modifying a Port Trusted MAC Address ................. 4-17 Resetting Security to Defaults ............................................... 4-17 VLAN Management ..................................................................
Technical Support ......................................................................... A-1 Contacting Technical Support .................................................... A-1 MIB Statistics ................................................................................ B-1 MIB Object Definitions for Counters .......................................... B-1 Readable Frames ................................................................... B-1 Readable Octets ..........................................
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1 Introduction This chapter introduces the IntraCore™ Architecture, then gives a description of the IntraCore 6524. There are also tables of the key features, default settings, and specifications of the IntraCore 6524, and explanations of the different LED indicators. IntraCore Architecture Overview Asanté has developed the IntraCore Architecture to meet the needs of multiservice networks that support all networking applications and data types.
Introduction Infrastructure Connectivity The second key element of the architecture is Infrastructure Connectivity. IntraCore specifies standards based, high performance, cost effective technologies for connectivity among devices in the network. In the LAN – At the network edge, Layer-2 switched 10/100/1000 Ethernet meets the requirements for high-speed connectivity of desktop computers and scalable, cost effective data transmission for trunks to the network core.
IntraCore Architecture Overview Network Management, Security, Performance, and Control IntraCore includes a rich suite of features required for the effective management, security, performance, and control of the network. The following table illustrates the features and standards supported by the IntraCore Architecture.
Introduction The IntraCore Product Family The Asanté IntraCore Architecture is the basis for a family of switching system products in fixed, stackable, and chassis form factors that allow customers to integrate telephony, video and data applications. Initially, the offered systems provide high performance, high port-count, Layer-2 switching. Additional configurations will be introduced to offer advanced Layer-3 and above routing, traffic classification, advanced QoS, higher bandwidth and port capacity.
The IntraCore 6524 The IntraCore 6524 The IntraCore 6524 is a high performance solution for enterprise edge applications. The front panel of each switch includes 24 10/100 RJ-45 Ethernet ports and two SC-connector Gigabit fiber ports. The system can operate as a stand-alone network or be used in combination with other IntraCore series switches in the backbone.
Introduction Description (Cont.) Feature (Cont.) Security Node summary tracks MAC and IP addresses per device, for multiple devices on each port. The Port Security feature provides perport security, allowing the network manager to specify which MAC is authorized on each port. Only the device with that MAC address is allowed to connect to that specific port. Web Based Management Built-in Web-based interface is provided for chassis management, module management, port-level control, and monitoring.
Defaults and Specifications Defaults and Specifications The IntraCore 6524 is shipped with the following factory default settings and specifications: Default Setting Configuration Backplane Speed 6.4Gbps.
Introduction LEDs The following indicator lights are used on the IntraCore 6524.
2 Installation and Setup This chapter explains how to install, connect, and configure the IntraCore 6524 chassis and modules to work with your network. It also explains how to set up your IntraCore 6524 for management, either from a console, via telnet, via SNMP, or by using a Web browser. Installation Guidelines The following guidelines will help you prepare to install your IntraCore 6524 in such a way that it has the proper power supply and environment.
Installation and Setup Cooling and Airflow Do not restrict air flow by covering or obstructing air vents on the sides of the IntraCore 6524. Installation Overview The table below shows the steps to install the IntraCore 6524. The steps that are optional are labeled “optional” and the steps that are required are labeled “required.” The sections that follow explain each step in detail. Step Action to Be Taken 1 (Required) Open the box and check the contents.
Chassis Installation/Placement Chassis Installation/Placement The IntraCore 6524 can be installed in a standard 19-inch equipment rack. It can also be placed on a stable horizontal surface. ▲ The equipment rack or desk on which you install your IntraCore 6524 must be secure and stable. Equipment racks must be fastened to the floor; desks must be resting on a flat, stable surface.
Installation and Setup Equipment Rack Installation Procedure To mount the IntraCore 6524 in an equipment rack: 1 2 Place the IntraCore 6524 on a flat, stable surface. 3 Insert six screws (supplied) into the holes and tighten with a Phillips screwdriver. Do not use fewer than six screws for this mounting. 4 5 6 For the other side of the unit, repeat the two previous steps. Locate a rack-mounting bracket (supplied) and place it over the mounting holes on one side of the unit.
Chassis Installation/Placement Installing GBIC Interfaces If you have installed Gigabit Ethernet switch modules, you must install GBIC interfaces. Instructions for installing, removing, and maintaining GBIC interfaces are provided in this section. ◆ Note: GBICs are hot-swappable. Installing a GBIC To install a GBIC interface into a Gigabit Ethernet module: 1 2 Remove the GBIC from its protective packaging. 3 Slide the GBIC into the slot until you hear or feel a click.
Installation and Setup GBIC Care and Handling Follow these GBIC maintenance guidelines: ❑ Unnecessary removal and insertion of a GBIC can lead to its premature failure. A GBIC has a lifetime of 100 to 500 removals/insertions. ❑ GBICs are static-sensitive. To prevent ESD damage, follow your normal board and component handling procedures. ❑ GBICs are dust-sensitive. When the GBIC is stored or when a fiberoptic cable is not plugged in, always keep plugs in the GBIC optical bores.
Connecting to the Network Connecting to the Network The IntraCore 6524 unit may be connected to an Ethernet network, with the unit either powered on or off. Use the following procedure to make your network connections. 1 Connect network devices to the IntraCore 6524, following the cable guidelines outlined below. 2 After the unit is connected to the network, it can be configured for management capabilities. See “Configuring for Management” on page 2-8.
Installation and Setup 1000BaseX Ports Cabling Procedures Cabling requirements for the 2-port Gigabit Ethernet modules depend on the type of GBIC interface that has been installed. Use the following chart to determine the cabling requirements for your GBIC. Connecting To Cable Required 1000BaseSX GBIC Cables with SC-type fiber connectors: 62.5 micron multimode fiber media up to 275 meters long, or 50 micron multimode fiber media up to 550 meters long.
Configuring for Management Use the following procedure to set up BootP: 1 Make sure your network has a BootP server configured with a valid IP address entry for the IntraCore 6524. 2 When the IntraCore 6524 is connected to the network and is powered on, it automatically transmits a BootP request across the network (up to 10 times) until it receives a valid IP address from the BootP server. 3 After an IP address is received, the IntraCore 6524 can be managed via in-band access.
Installation and Setup For further information on setting an IP address for configuration of a terminal, or a computer running a VT100 terminal or emulator (such as HyperTerminal, ProComm, or ZTerm), see “System IP Configuration” on page 3-10.
Management Options In-Band Management In-band network management allows you to configure, manage, and monitor the IntraCore 6524 over the Ethernet network.
Installation and Setup Web Browser For information on managing the IntraCore 6524 with a Web browser, refer to Chapter 5, “Web Browser Management.” ▲ Important! The Web browser interface to the IntraCore 6524 is disabled by default. SNMP-Based Management For information on managing the IntraCore 6524 with SNMP-based management software, refer to Chapter 4, “Advanced Management,” and your SNMP software manual. The Asanté private MIB for the IntraCore 6524 is available from the Asanté ftp site, ftp://ftp.
3 Configuration This chapter describes how to manage the IntraCore 6524 using the Local Management Interface via an out-of-band console connection or an in-band telnet connection.
Configuration Local Management Interface The IntraCore 6524 Local Management Interface is a menu-driven application that allows you to configure, manage, and monitor the and each of the ports in its different modules. The Local Management Interface can be accessed via two methods: ❑ Out-of-band connection to the Console port ❑ In-band connection via Telnet (four sessions maximum) For instructions on how to connect to the IntraCore 6524, see “Management Options” on page 2-10.
Local Management Interface Main Menu After logging in, the Main Menu appears, as shown in Figure 3-1. ================================================================= IntraCore 6524 Local Management System Version 1.02D Compiled Date: Jun 23 2000 19:53:29 Asante Technologies, Inc. Copyright (c) 1999 Asante Technologies, Inc.
Configuration Viewing General Information The General Information Screen displays the current operating information of the IntraCore 6524, such as its name, IP address, and boot information. To view General Information, type g from the Main Menu. A screen similar to Figure 3-2 appears. IntraCore 6524 General Information Menu System up for: 000day(s), 00hr(s), 43min(s), 47sec(s) Software Version Bank 1 Image Version/Date: 1.00E/Aug 23 2000 19:04:37 Bank 2 Image Version/Date: 1.
Viewing General Information Table 3-1 describes each parameter in the General Information screen. Setting Description System Up Time The amount of time the system has been running since last reset or power on. Bank 1 Image Version/ Date The version and compilation date of the runtime code that is stored in Bank 1. “(Running)” indicates code is currently active. Bank 2 Image Version/ Date The version and compilation date of the runtime code that is stored in Bank 2.
Configuration Configuration Menu The Configuration Menu allows you to manage and configure the IntraCore 6524 and each of its ports. To access the Configuration Menu, type c from the Main Menu. The Configuration Menu appears, as shown in Figure 3-3.
Configuration Menu Menu Item (Cont.) Description (Cont.) Bootstrap Configuration Allows you to change boot bank and method for loading switch software, or change downloading parameters. See page 3-12. SNMP Configuration Displays and allows you to change the SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) parameters of the IntraCore 6524 such as read/write community strings. See page 3-16.
Configuration System Administration Configuration The System Administration Configuration Menu displays and allows you to change the name of the IntraCore 6524, its location, and the contact information. To access the System Administration Configuration Menu, type a in the Configuration Menu. A screen similar to Figure 3-4 appears. IntraCore 6524 System Admin. Configuration Menu Description: Versions: Object ID: Name: Location: Contact: n l c q Asante Technologies, Inc. IntraCore 6524-2G FW(1.
System Administration Configuration Changing System Administration Info To change the name, location, or contact information for the IntraCore 6524, use the following procedure: 1 Open the System Administration Configuration Menu by typing a in the Configuration Menu. 2 Type the command letter of the item to be changed in the System Administration Configuration Menu. 3 At the prompt, type the information you want to change. See Table 3-3 for a description of each parameter.
Configuration System IP Configuration The System IP Configuration Menu displays and allows you to change the information needed to access the IntraCore 6524 over the network via in-band management. To access the System IP Configuration Menu, type i in the Configuration Menu. A screen similar to Figure 3-5 appears. IntraCore 6524 System IP Configuration Menu System System System System MAC Address: IP Address: Subnet Mask: Default Router: i m r q 00:00:92:CC:BB:AA 192.168.54.240 255.255.255.0 192.
System IP Configuration Changing System IP Information To change the IP address, subnet mask, or default router of the IntraCore 6524, use the following procedure: 1 Open the System IP Configuration Menu by typing i in the Configuration Menu. 2 3 Type the command letter of the option you want to change. Type the new address at the prompt. See Table 3-4 for a description of each address. ▲ Important! Follow the format: number.number.number.number To cancel a change, press ctrl-c at the command prompt.
Configuration Bootstrap Configuration The Bootstrap Configuration Menu displays (and allows you to change) the bootstrap parameters used for loading the software for the IntraCore 6524 at startup, and for downloading a new version of software when one is issued. To access the Bootstrap Configuration Menu, type b in the Configuration Menu. If the Load Mode is set to Local, a screen similar to Figure 3-6 appears.
Bootstrap Configuration Bank the IntraCore 6524 will use when it boots locally, use the following procedure: 1 Open the Bootstrap Configuration Menu by typing b in the Configuration Menu. 2 Type a in the Bootstrap Configuration Menu if you need to toggle the Boot Bank setting for the next boot. Typically, you will want to set the boot bank to be the one on which the latest version of the Image resides. The IntraCore 6524 is set to load software locally from its flash memory.
Configuration Current Settings Table 3-5 explains each setting on the Remote Bootstrap Configuration Menu. Setting Description Running Image Version/ Date The version and compilation date of runtime code that is currently running on the IntraCore 6524. Load Mode The current method for loading software for the IntraCore 6524. Remote — Loads the image file from a server on the network.
Bootstrap Configuration 3 Type b to set the Boot Mode to BootP-TFTP, or type t to set Boot Mode to TFTP only. If you choose BootP-TFTP mode, the options for setting the IP Address of the TFTP server and the Boot File Name become unavailable; in this case, skip Steps 4-7 and go on to Step 8. 4 Type s in the Bootstrap Configuration Menu, to select the option Set Boot Server IP Address. 5 At the prompt, type the IP address of the remote boot server that contains the switch’s software image file.
Configuration SNMP Configuration The SNMP Configuration Menu allows you to configure the unit’s read and write community strings, and to enable or disable authentication traps. This menu also allows you to specify which of your network management stations will receive traps from the . The s option in the Configuration Menu displays the SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) Configuration Menu, as shown in Figure 3-8.
SNMP Configuration Current Settings Table 3-6 describes each setting on the SNMP Configuration Menu. Setting Description SNMP Read Community The string that defines access rights for reading SNMP data objects. The default is public. SNMP Write Community The string that defines access rights for writing SNMP data objects. The default is private. Trap Authentication The status of the SNMP agent for authentication trap generation. The default is disabled.
Configuration Enabling Authentication Traps The IntraCore 6524 can be set to generate authentication traps. Authentication traps are messages sent across the network to an SNMP network management station. They alert you when someone attempts to read or change data without the proper community string. To set the IntraCore 6524 to generate traps, use the following procedure: 1 Open the SNMP Configuration Menu by typing n in the Configuration Menu. 2 To toggle trap authentication to Enabled, type a.
SNMP Configuration Deleting a Trap Receiver Use the following procedure to delete a trap receiver you have previously designated: 1 Open the SNMP Configuration Menu by typing n in the Configuration Menu. 2 Type d to Delete a Trap Receiver. A prompt for the entry of the trap receiver appears. 3 Enter the number of the entry you want to delete (1,2,3, or 4) and press Return. The trap receiver is deleted from the SNMP Trap Receivers list.
Configuration Port Configuration The Port Configuration Menu allows you to manually configure each port of the IntraCore 6524 for port speed, duplex, and auto-negotiation. It also provides an overview of the entire IntraCore 6524 system’s port operating status. To access the Port Configuration Menu, type p in the Configuration Menu. A screen similar to Figure 3-9 appears.
Port Configuration Viewing Legends for Configuration Settings To see legends explaining the symbols used for both the Basic and Global Port Configuration Menu settings, type h. A screen appears, as shown in Figure 3-10.
Configuration Current Port Settings The current module and port for which statistics are displayed is shown in the top right corner of the Port Configuration Menu. Table 3-7 describes each setting on the Port Configuration Menu. Setting Description Module Number The number of the module of which the selected port is a member. (Always module 1) Port Number The number of the port for which parameters are shown. Operating Status This field displays status symbols for each of the current module’s ports.
Port Configuration Enabling or Disabling a Port The enabling or disabling of a port is a manual operation that can be used to isolate a network device that might be causing problems on the network, or to prevent unauthorized use of a port or station. To enable or disable a port, use the following procedure: 1 Access the Port Configuration Menu by typing p in the Configuration Menu. 2 To select the port you want to enable or disable, type s, n, or p in the Basic Port Configuration Menu.
Configuration Configuring a Port Manually If you have changed the Auto Negotiation status of a port to Manual, as described in the previous section, you can toggle the link speed from 10Mbps to 100Mbps and back, and toggle the port from half to full duplex and back. Toggling Port Link Speed Use the following procedure to toggle the port’s link speed: 1 Access the Port Configuration Menu by typing p in the Configuration Menu.
Port Configuration Configuring 1000BaseX Ports Because 1000BaseX ports are always in full duplex mode, the only configuration option for 1000BaseX ports is enabling and disabling the port. Enabling or Disabling a Port Enabling or disabling a port is a manual operation. You can enable or disable a port to isolate network devices that may be causing problems on the network or to prevent unauthorized use of a port or station.
Configuration Advanced Port Configuration The Advanced Port Configuration Menu allows you to control the port broadcast and multicast rate, to enable or disable 802.3x flow control, and to set the default priority of the port. To access the Advanced Port Configuration Menu, from the Port Configuration Menu, type a. The Advanced Port Configuration Menu appears, as shown in Figure 3-11.
Advanced Port Configuration Current Settings The settings shown in the top portion of the Advanced Port Configuration Menu are described in Table 3-8. Setting Description Module Number The number of the module of which the selected port is a member. (Always module 1) Operating Status This field displays status symbols for each of the current module’s ports. For details, see the legend in Figure 3-10. Flow Control The status of flow control for the current port.
Configuration 3 To select the port for which you want to enable or disable flow control, type s, n, or p. 4 To toggle flow control for the selected port, type f. In the Advanced Port Configuration Menu, the Flow Control symbol for the selected port reflects its change in state, as does the 802.3x Flow Control setting. ▲ Important! When using this method of flow control, the link partner must be configured to recognize PAUSE frames.
Global Port Configuration 4 5 Type i to set the priority for the selected port. Enter the priority, from 0 to 7, and press Return. The new default priority is shown on the Advanced Port Configuration Menu. Global Port Configuration The Global Port Configuration Menu allows you to simultaneously change the configuration information for all ports in a module.
Configuration Unicast Forwarding Database Configuration The Unicast Forwarding Database Configuration Menu allows you to view and search for addresses in the MAC Forwarding Table for the IntraCore 6524. It also provides options for displaying MAC addresses and IP/MAC binding by individual port or by VLAN. The MAC Forwarding Table is a table of node addresses that the IntraCore 6524 automatically builds by “learning.
Unicast Forwarding Database Configuration Current Settings Table 3-9 explains each setting on the Forwarding Database Configuration Menu. Setting Description Age-out Time The number of seconds that addresses are retained in the table. The default is 300 seconds. The range is from 10 to 1,000,000. MAC Address Count The number of entries currently in the MAC Address Table. IP Address Count The number of entries in the MAC Address Table that contain a corresponding IP address.
Configuration The Type field refers to the type of MAC address.
Unicast Forwarding Database Configuration The MAC Address Search Summary ============================== Port: 6 Type: Dynamic MAC Address: 00:00:94:11:12:13 VLAN ID: 0002 IP Address: 192.168.54.111 press any key to continue... Figure 3-15 MAC Address Search summary The Search Summary screen tells the location of the MAC or IP address, the module, port, and the domain name. Configuration information, such as the type, age, and priority are also displayed.
Configuration Port Mirroring Port mirroring allows you to configure the IntraCore 6524 to copy all traffic associated with one port (the Monitor Port) to a Mirror Port on the switch. You can connect the Mirror Port to a network analyzer or RMON probe for packet analysis. You can configure the Monitor Port to send either transmitted or received traffic to the Mirror Port. In the IntraCore 6524, port 13 is always the Mirror Port.
Port Mirroring Current Options Table 3-10 describes the settings shown in the Port Mirroring Configuration Menu. Option Description System Port Mirroring Status Indicates the current status of port mirroring for the switch. If port mirroring is enabled, traffic from the Monitor Port will be copied to the Mirror Port. Mirror Port The port that mirrors the traffic from the Monitor Port. For the IntraCore 6524, this is always port 13. Monitor Port The port being monitored.
Configuration Specifying Port Traffic Monitor Type To specify whether to monitor port receive traffic or port send traffic, System Port Mirroring must be enabled. After enabling port mirroring, use the following procedure to specify the Port Traffic Monitor Type: 1 Type m in the Configuration menu to display the Port Mirroring Configuration menu. 2 Type e to toggle System Port Mirroring. The change is reflected immediately in the settings shown at the top of the Port Mirroring Configuration menu.
Image File Downloading Configuration Image File Downloading Configuration The Image File Downloading Configuration Menu allows you to upgrade your IntraCore 6524 system easily, using either TFTP or X/Y/Z modem protocol. Type f in the Configuration Menu to see the Image File Downloading Configuration Menu, as shown in Figure 3-17.
Configuration Image Downloading Through TFTP To download a new image file in-band through TFTP, type t in the Image File Downloading Configuration Menu (option g in the Configuration Menu). A screen similar to Figure 3-18 appears. IntraCore 6524 TFTP File Downloading Menu Bank 1 Image Version/Date Bank 2 Image Version/Date File Type: Server IP: File Name: Retry Count: Destination Bank: s f d b r a q 1.00E/Aug 23 2000 19:04:37 1.00F/Aug 24 2000 14:09:25 (Running) Image 192.168.52.211 ic6k100f.
Image File Downloading Configuration Performing a Software Upgrade at Runtime The software image file must be downloaded from a server on your network that is running a TFTP server application. ▲ Important! Make sure the IntraCore 6524 is configured with an IP address. For details, see “Changing System IP Information” earlier in this chapter.
Configuration Serial Downloading Configuration The X/Y/Z Modem Image File Downloading Menu lets you download a new software image file for the IntraCore 6524 without interrupting the current operation. To download a new image through the IntraCore 6524 management module’s serial (console) port, type x in the Image File Downloading Configuration Menu. The X/Y/Z Modem Image File Downloading Menu appears, as shown in Figure 3-19.
Image File Downloading Configuration Current Settings Table 3-12 describes the settings shown in the X/Y/Z Modem Image File Downloading Menu. Setting Description Bank 1 Image Version/ Date The version number and compilation date of runtime code that is stored in memory Bank 1 on the IntraCore 6524. Bank 2 Image Version/ Date The version number and compilation date of runtime code that is stored in memory Bank 2 on the IntraCore 6524.
Configuration Current Baud Rate: 9600 bps Please select one from the following baud rate settings, or press any other key to quit: WARNING: The user must use the same baud rate setting of the terminal after he/she confirms to change the baud rate setting of the console in order to work correctly.
System Reset Configuration System Reset Configuration The System Reset Configuration Menu allows you to reset the IntraCore 6524 by performing a “warm” reboot. It also allows you to schedule a reset up to 24 hours in advance. To reset the IntraCore 6524, type r in the Configuration Menu. A screen similar to Figure 3-21 appears. IntraCore 6524 System Reset Configuration Menu Reset Status: Reset Type: Reset Countdown: s c r d i q Stop Normal 1 sec.
Configuration Resetting the IntraCore 6524 To reset the IntraCore 6524, use the following procedure: 1 Open the System Reset Menu by typing r in the Configuration Menu. 2 Type r, d or i. Typing r resets the IntraCore 6524. Typing r resets the to its current configuration. Typing d resets the IntraCore 6524 to the factory default. Typing i resets the IntraCore 6524 to the factory default without affecting its IP and Bootstrap configuration. 3 Type y to confirm the reset or type n to cancel the reset.
Viewing the System Log Viewing the System Log The IntraCore 6524 system log records and displays any major system events on the switch, such as fatal errors, plugging in or removing a module, etc. To view the system log, use the following procedure: 1 Type l in the Configuration Menu. The System Log Menu appears, as shown in Figure 3-22.
Configuration Clearing the System Log Use the following procedure to clear all entries from the current System Log. 1 Open the System Log Menu by typing l in the Configuration Menu. 2 Type c to clear the current System Log. New entries will begin to accrue as events occur.
User Interface Configuration Current Settings Table 3-14 describes the settings in the User Interface Configuration Menu. Setting Description Console UI Idle Time-out Duration of time the console will remain idle before returning to the Main Menu. Telnet UI Idle Time-out Duration of time the console will remain idle before closing the Telnet connection. HTTP Server Status Enabled or Disabled. Telnet Session Status Inactive or Active, depending on whether session is in progress.
Configuration Setting Telnet Idle Time-out Period Use the following procedure to change the Telnet Time-out. 1 Type t in the User Interface Configuration Menu. A prompt for the number of minutes is displayed. 2 Enter the desired idle time-out in minutes. ◆ Note: The default time-out is 5 minutes. Range for time-out is 1-60. To exit without changes, press ctrl-c. 3 Press Return. The new Telnet UI Idle Time Out is reflected in the User Interface Configuration Menu.
User Interface Configuration 5 Type the new password again at the confirmation password prompt. To cancel the change in password, type ctrl-c. 6 Press Return. The password change takes effect. 7 Type q to return to the Configuration Menu. You will now need to enter the new password each time you log in to the Configuration Menu. Enabling or Disabling the Web Server The current HTTP Server Status is shown in the User Interface Configuration.
Configuration Viewing Statistics Viewing statistics on a regular basis allows you to evaluate your network’s performance. You can view current statistics for the IntraCore 6524 on a perport basis and can change your view of those statistics and the counters displayed in it. To view statistics use the following procedure: 1 Type s in the Local Management Interface Main Menu. The Port Statistics Counters screen is displayed, as shown in Figure 3-25.
Viewing Statistics IntraCore 6524 Port Statistics Counters Elapsed Time Since Reset: Module: 1 Port: 1 000:00:00:55
Configuration Page 3-52
4 Advanced Management This chapter describes the following advanced topics for management of the IntraCore 6524: ❑ Spanning Tree Protocol ❑ SNMP and RMON Management ❑ Security Management ❑ VLAN Management ❑ Multicast Management Spanning Tree Protocol The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is a part of the IEEE 802.1D standard that provides for redundancy in a bridged LAN by allowing multiple links between points in the LAN.
Advanced Management How It Works All bridges on the network communicate with each other using special packets called Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDUs). The information exchanged in the BPDUs enables bridges on the network to: ❑ Elect a single bridge to be the root bridge. ❑ Calculate the shortest path from each bridge to the root. ❑ Select a designated bridge on each segment, which lies closest to the root and forwards traffic to the root.
Spanning Tree Protocol Configuring Spanning Tree Parameters To view the Spanning Tree Configuration Menu, as shown in Figure 4-1, type s in the Configuration Menu. IntraCore 6524 Spanning Tree Configuration Menu STP Status: Bridge ID: Enabled 8000 0000948EF37B Designated Root: Root Port: Root Path Cost: 0001 00503EA8B000 Port: 8 110 Hello Time: Maximum Age: Forward Delay: 2 Sec. 20 Sec 15 Sec. t i h a d p q Bridge Hello Time: Bridge Maximum Age: Bridge Forward Delay: 2 Sec. 20 Sec. 15 Sec.
Advanced Management Maximum Age Each bridge should receive regular configuration BPDUs from the direction of the root bridge. If the maximum age timer expires before the bridge receives another BPDU, it assumes that a change in the topology has occurred, and it begins recalculating the spanning tree. Forward Delay After a recalculation of the spanning tree, the Forward Delay parameter regulates the delay before each port begins transmitting traffic.
Spanning Tree Protocol Current STP Settings The following settings are displayed in the Spanning Tree Configuration Menu, as shown in Figure 4-1. Setting Description STP Status Whether spanning tree protocol is currently enabled or disabled. Bridge ID The Bridge Identifier of this bridge. The first part of the Bridge ID is the Bridge Priority. (If the Bridge ID is shown as 8000 000094EE5080, the 8000 is the Bridge Priority. The remainder is the MAC address of this bridge, which cannot be changed.).
Advanced Management Spanning Tree Port Configuration To set the Port Priority and Port Path Cost values for STP, access the Spanning Tree Port Configuration Menu shown in Figure 4-2 by typing p in the Spanning Tree Configuration Menu. IntraCore 6524 Spanning Tree Port Config.
SNMP and RMON Management Use the following procedure to set the STP Port Priority and Path Cost values: 1 Access the Spanning Tree Port Configuration Menu by typing p in the Spanning Tree Configuration Menu. 2 Use the s, n, and p commands to select the port you want to configure. 3 Type i to set the Port Priority. Type c to set the Port Path Cost. 4 5 Enter a value for the setting you are making. Press Return.
Advanced Management Using RMON, a network monitor (also called a probe) listens to traffic on the network and gathers statistics that may be retrieved later by a network management station using SNMP, as described in the previous section. The four groups of RMON that are supported by the IntraCore 6524 are described in the following sub-sections. The IntraCore 6524 switches provide control of the RMON groups only through SNMP.
Security Management Security Management The IntraCore 6524’s security management options are summarized in Table 4-2. Security Option Duplicated IP Detection (Monitoring) Description Detects the use of a single IP address by two stations. Duplicated IP Trap Action Detects and logs MAC addresses of both stations and the ports they accessed. Sends trap with MAC addresses of both stations and the ports they accessed. Station Movement Trap Detects the movement of any end station from one port to another.
Advanced Management To access the Security Management Menu, type t in the Configuration Menu. A screen similar to Figure 4-3 appears.
Security Management Duplicated IP Detection and Trap The duplicated IP detection and duplicated IP trap security measures allow you to monitor the use of a single IP address by two stations. If you enable duplicated IP detection, the switch starts monitoring the broadcast Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) traffic from all of its ports, to detect duplicated IP address conditions. When duplicate IPs are used on the system, the MAC addresses of both stations and the ports they accessed are logged.
Advanced Management +---------------+--------------------+-+---------------------+-+ | IP Address | Owner MAC |P| Spoofer MAC |P| +---------------+--------------------+-+---------------------+-+ 192.203.54.222 00:00:94:00:00:01 1 00:00:94:00:00:02 2 192.203.54.223 00:00:94:00:00:04 3 00:00:94:00:00:02 2 192.203.54.224 00:00:94:00:00:05 4 00:00:94:00:00:02 2 End of Summary, Quit.
Security Management IntraCore 6524 Port Security Configuration Menu Module: 01 Port: 01 Port Security Info: [+: Port Security Enabled, -: No Port Security, !: Port Disabled By Security] Port Security Status: [01]+------- [09]-------- [17]-------- [25]--XXXXXX Port Port Port Port Security Type: New Node Detection Trap[Security Level 1] New Node Detect Trap Status: [Enabled] Intruder Detect Trap Status: [Enabled] Trusted MAC Address: [N/A] u t i d h q Set\Clear Port Security Toggle Por
Advanced Management Configuring Port New Node Detection Trap The port new node detection trap security measure (also called “port security trap”) ensures that when any new device is connected to the secured port, an alert will be sent to the designated trap receiver. The new device is detected when it is connected to the IntraCore 6524and its MAC address is recognized as one not present in the current address table.
Security Management To enable New Node detection: 1 From the Configuration Menu, type t to access the Security Management Menu. 2 Type p to access the Port Security Configuration Menu, as shown in Figure 4-5. 3 4 Type t to choose Toggle Port Security Trap. Type 1 to toggle the new node trap (if it is not already enabled).
Advanced Management Configuring Security Level 2 or Level 3 To set security level 2 (port lock) or level 3 (intruder lock) on a port: 1 From the Configuration Menu, type t to access the Security Management Menu. 2 Type p to access the Port Security Configuration Menu, as shown in Figure 4-5. 3 Use the commands at the bottom of the menu to navigate to the port you want to want to configure. 4 5 6 Select u to Set/Clear port security. 7 Type s to set security.
Security Management Inserting/Modifying a Port Trusted MAC Address When you set port security level 2 or 3 for a port, you specify the port-trusted MAC address. You can change that address for a port without completing all the steps to set the port security. To add or change the port-trusted MAC address: 1 From the Configuration Menu, type t to access the Security Management Menu. 2 Type p to access the Port Security Configuration Menu, as shown in Figure 4-5.
Advanced Management VLAN Management A virtual LAN, or VLAN, is a logical grouping that allows stations to communicate as if they were physically connected to a single LAN, independent of the actual physical configuration of a network. The IntraCore 6524 supports port-based VLANs, in compliance with the IEEE 802.1Q standard. The following subsections describe the concepts and details needed to configure and manage VLANs on IntraCore switches.
VLAN Management Other VLAN Features in IntraCore 6524 ❑ VLAN management security ❑ VLAN MAC address insertion and removal ❑ Console UI management of VLANs ❑ Web interface management of VLANs The management operations allowed are: ❑ Creation ❑ Deletion ❑ Name configuration ❑ VID change configuration ❑ Adding and deleting port members ❑ Adding and deleting untagged sets ❑ Sharing and unsharing VLANs ❑ Inserting and removing MAC addresses ❑ Toggling management access Overview of VLAN
Advanced Management A VLAN localizes flooded traffic to parts of LAN segments rather than to a whole LAN. VLANs offer a simple and efficient solution that enhances network performance, bandwidth utilization, and network security by localizing flooded traffic. Port-based VLANs are the simplest of many VLAN approaches that solve the problem of unnecessary flooding. A port-based VLAN allows the administrator to assign individual ports on a switch to a VLAN.
VLAN Management PVID STP Tagged Frame Untagged Frame VID A tagged port’s VLAN ID (range is 1 to 4094) Spanning Tree Protocol Frame with 802.1Q VLAN tag header Frame either without a tag header, or with this header and with VID = 0 VLAN ID (range is 1 to 4095) VLAN Groups A VLAN group is the sum total of ports on a switch that are assigned to a specific VLAN. IntraCore 6524 supports 64 manually-configurable VLANs on the network. Each switch maintains its own list of VLAN indexes between 1 and 64.
Advanced Management VLAN Port Membership and Untagging Port members can be added to and deleted from a VLAN Group via the VLAN Management Menu (see “Configuring Static VLAN Groups” on page 4-26). When you add a port to a VLAN, you configure the port to determine its participation in the VLAN. The VLAN Untagged Set. When you add a port member to a VLAN, the port is added to the untagged set by default. This means the frames sent out on this port will be untagged.
VLAN Management Inter-Switch Links An inter-switch link (ISL) is a port that connects VLANS that reside on two different switches. An ISL is the means to share VLAN information between switches on a network. For example, consider the two-switch network in Figure 4-6, which connects the Ethernet segments, E-1 through E-9. Assume port 1 on each switch is set up as default; it passes untagged frames. Also assume port 2 on each switch is configured to accept only tagged frames, which limits traffic to VLAN 1.
Advanced Management if you require frames from VLANs 2 and 3 to cross the switches, the ports should have the following configuration for both switches: Port Receive Frame Type Ingress Filter VLANs Untagset PVID 1 802.
VLAN Management Configuring VLAN Management To access the VLAN Management Menu, type v in the Configuration Menu. A screen similar to Figure 4-7 appears. IntraCore 6524 VLAN Management Menu VLAN Version: 1 Max. Supported VLAN ID: 4094 Number of VLANs Configured: 1 g s p d a r q VLAN Type: Port Based Max.
Advanced Management Configuring Static VLAN Groups To access the VLAN Group Static Configuration Menu, type v in the Configuration Menu to access the VLAN Management Menu, then type s to access the VLAN Group Static Configuration Menu. A screen similar to Figure 4-8 appears.
VLAN Management Current Settings Table 4-6 describes each setting on the VLAN Group Static Configuration Menu screen. Setting Description VLAN Index The VLAN Index of the VLAN group for which the information on the screen applies. The index is maintained by the system, and is not necessarily the same as the VID. Port List Shows each port’s current membership status for this VLAN group. VID VLAN ID. FID Filtering ID. Created By Creator of this VLAN group; either Mgmt or GVRP.
Advanced Management 4 Enter the ports to assign to the VLAN. To make more than one assignment, separate each one with a comma. For example, 8,11 specifies ports 8 and 11. To specify a range of ports, use a hyphen. For example, 1-3, 8, 11 specifies ports 1, 2, 3, 8, and 11. See Help for more information about specifying modules and ports. Removing a VLAN To remove the VLAN, from the VLAN Group Static Configuration Menu, type s to select the VLAN, then type r to remove it.
VLAN Management Moving Ports to This VLAN To move ports to this VLAN, from the VLAN Group Static Configuration Menu, type m. Follow the instructions on the screen to enter the ports to assign to the VLAN. Moving a port to a VLAN removes that port from any other VLAN on the switch. Advanced Static VLAN Configuration To access the Advanced Group Static Configuration Menu, type v in the VLAN Group Static Configuration Menu. A screen similar to Figure 4-8 appears.
Advanced Management Current Settings Table 4-6 describes each setting on the Advanced Group Static Configuration Menu screen. Setting Description VLAN Index The VLAN Index of the VLAN group for which the information on the screen applies. The index is maintained by the system, and is not necessarily the same as the VID. Port List Shows each port’s current membership status for this VLAN group. VID VLAN ID. Sharing ID Filtering ID. Created By Creator of this VLAN group; either Mgmt or GVRP.
VLAN Management Configuring VLAN Port Attributes To access the VLAN Port Configuration Menu, type v in the Configuration Menu to access the VLAN Management Menu, then type p to access the VLAN Port Configuration Menu. A screen similar to Figure 4-10 appears.
Advanced Management Current Settings Table 4-8 describes each setting on the GVRP Port Configuration Menu screen. Setting Description Module The IntraCore 6524 module for which the information on the screen applies. (Always module 1.) Port The port for which the information on the screen applies. Port VLAN Membership Info Shows each VLAN index’s current membership status for this port. Port VLAN ID (PVID) This port’s VLAN ID.
VLAN Management Adding and Deleting VLANs from the Port To add VLANs to the port or delete VLANs from the port, from the VLAN Port Configuration Menu, type o. Follow the instructions on the screen. Enabling and Disabling Port Ingress Filtering By default, a port will accept and forward tagged frames whether or not the port is a member of a VLAN matching the VID of the tagged frame.
Advanced Management ❑ For each VLAN, remove the ISL port from the VLAN’s set of untagged ports. By default, when you add a port to a VLAN, the port will send tagged and untagged frames. Removing the port from the untagged set configures the port to send only tagged frames. ❑ In most cases, configure the ISL port to receive tagged frames. A port that is configured to receive only tagged frames will drop untagged frames.
VLAN Management Configuring the ISL Port to Receive Tagged Frames You configure a port to receive tagged frames in the VLAN Port Configuration Menu. 1 Type v in the Configuration Menu to access the VLAN Management Menu, then type p to access the VLAN Port Configuration Menu. 2 Use the commands on the bottom of the menu to select the module and port you want. 3 To toggle the port between receiving all frames and receiving only tagged frames, from the VLAN Port Configuration Menu, type t.
Advanced Management Displaying a VLAN Port Summary To view a module port VLAN summary, type v in the Configuration Menu to access the VLAN Management Menu, then type a to access the Port VLAN Attribute Summary. A screen similar to Figure 4-12 appears. IntraCore 6524 Module 1 Port VLAN Info ======+======+============+==========+ Port | PVID | Tx/Rx | Ingress | Number| | Frame Type |Filtering | ======|======|============|==========| 1 | 4095 | 802.
Multicast Traffic Management Multicast Traffic Management Multicast traffic is a means to transmit a multimedia stream from the internet (a video conference, for example) without requiring a TCP connection from every remote host that wants to receive the stream. The stream is sent to the multicast address, and from there it’s propagated to all interested parties on the internet.
Advanced Management Packets delivered to members of the multicast group are identified by a single multicast group address. Any host, regardless of whether it is a member of a group, can send to a group. However, only the members of a group receive the message. Membership in an IP multicast group is dynamic; hosts can join and leave at any time. There is no restriction on the location or number of members in a multicast group. A host can be a member of more than one multicast group at a time.
Multicast Traffic Management Current Settings Table 4-9 describes each setting on the Multicast Traffic Management Menu. Setting Description Multicast Group Address Count The number of multicast group addresses in the forwarding table. IGMP Snooping Whether IGMP Snooping is enabled or disabled.
Advanced Management +--------------------+---------+-----------------------+ | Multicast IP Addr | VID | Action | +--------------------+---------+-----------------------+ 224.60.60.60 0001 Mgm Action 224.70.70.70 0001 Mgm Action 224.80.80.80 0001 Mgm Action 224.80.80.80 0002 Mgm Action 224.90.90.
Multicast Traffic Management Adding Ports to the Selected Address To add or delete ports belonging to the multicast group: 1 Select the VLAN that contains the ports and the address. Type s and follow the instructions. 2 Select the Multicast Group address. Type s and follow the instructions. 3 Type o and follow the instructions. Inserting a Multicast Group Address Inserting an address adds the address to the list of Multicast Groups for the current VLAN. The addresses begin 01:00:5e.
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5 Web Browser Management This chapter tells how to manage the IntraCore 6524 by means of a Web browser, using Web pages to monitor and configure the switch. Most of the options and functions provided by Web browser management are similar to those of the Local Management Interface. For additional details about managing the IntraCore 6524, refer to Chapter 3, “Configuration,” and Chapter 4, “Advanced Management.” ▲ Important! To use Web browser management, the IntraCore must be configured with an IP address.
Web Browser Management Figure 5-1 Web Browser Management Overview page The Web Browser Management Overview page contains a sidebar with ten management option buttons, and a view of the IntraCore front panel that displays real-time IntraCore 6524 operating information. ◆ Page 5-2 Note: The browser pages shown in this chapter are typical of those used for the IntraCore, and settings are given only as examples.
Management Buttons Management Buttons The buttons on the left provide the following options: ❑ Front Panel ❑ Genl Info (General Information) ❑ Statistics ❑ Port Config (Port Configuration) ❑ Span Tree (Spanning Tree Protocol Configuration) ❑ SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) ❑ Addr Table (IP/MAC Address Table) ❑ VLAN (Virtual LAN Configuration) ❑ Security ❑ Duplicate IP (Duplicate IP Trap Log) The following sections describe and explain the pages that are displayed when you clic
Web Browser Management Port Selector Feature If you point the cursor to a port connector and click the mouse, a port-specific page is displayed, which shows the selected port’s configuration and traffic statistics.
Genl Info (General Information) Button Genl Info (General Information) Button This button opens the IntraCore’s General Information page, as shown in Figure 5-3. The page has six sections, which are listed at the top of the page. To view another section, click a link at the top of the page or scroll down. The General Information parameters are described fully in “Viewing General Information” on page 3-4.
Web Browser Management Statistics Button This button opens the Statistics page, which presents a graphical image of the IntraCore statistics, as shown in Figure 5-4. On this page, the user can view system statistics since the last system reset. For a description of the statistics counters, see “Viewing Statistics” on page 3-50. Figure 5-4 Statistics - Bar Chart The following features allow you to modify the statistics bar chart.
Statistics Button ❑ Reset – Clears the counters for future samplings. ❑ Counters – Displays the statistical counters of the associated view, since up or since reset, as shown in Figure 5-6 and Figure 5-7. ◆ Note: You may also view a summary of the frames per port by placing the cursor on the desired bar. A box with the statistics appears.
Web Browser Management In Figure 5-6, a summary of the counters for a port is displayed in table format. Figure 5-6 Summary of counters for a port In Figure 5-7 the counters for a port are displayed in bar graph form.
Port Config (Port Configuration) Button Port Config (Port Configuration) Button This button opens the Port Configuration page, which provides a comprehensive overview of the status of each port on the IntraCore, as shown in Figure 5-8. The configuration page for any individual port can be accessed by single clicking on the associated blue number in the right or left hand margin.
Web Browser Management Span Tree (Spanning Tree) Button This button opens the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) Configuration page, which shows the STP Configuration of the IntraCore, as shown in Figure 5-9. STP configuration is explained in Chapter 4, “Advanced Management.” Click the STP Port Configuration button to display the STP Configuration settings for each port.
SNMP Button SNMP Button This button displays the SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) page, as shown in Figure 5-10. See “SNMP Configuration” in Chapter 3 for an explanation of SNMP settings.
Web Browser Management Addr (Address) Table Button The Addr Table button opens the MAC and IP Address Table page, which displays two tables, as shown in Figure 5-11. The top table displays the counts of IP and MAC addresses for each port. The lower table displays IP and MAC addresses for either a particular port, or all ports. The display for all ports is shown in Figure 5-11. The activity status (Entry) and VLAN segment (VSEG) are also displayed for each device.
VLAN Button VLAN Button This button opens the VLAN Groups page, as shown in Figure 5-12. The page shows the modules of the IntraCore 6524, and the ports that are assigned to the currently selected VLAN. For information about VLANs, see Chapter 4. In the VLAN Groups page, there is also a panel that shows the VID of each VLAN on the current switch. To select a VLAN, click the appropriate VID. Figure 5-12 VLAN Groups page To configure the selected VLAN, click the VLAN button.
Web Browser Management Figure 5-13 VLAN Port Selection page VLAN Configuration To configure a VLAN, first select a VID in the VLAN Groups page (Figure 512), then click the VLAN button. This opens the VLAN Group Configuration options page, as shown in Figure 5-14.
VLAN Button Creating or Modifying a VLAN To create or modify the basic attributes of a VLAN group, click the Create or Modify button in the VLAN Group Configuration dialog box. The VLAN Attributes dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 5-15. Figure 5-15 VLAN Attributes dialog box Enter or change the basic attributes, then click OK. Removing a VLAN To remove a VLAN from the current switch, click Remove in the VLAN Group Configuration dialog box.
Web Browser Management To modify the port members: 1 Select the action you want to perform in the right-hand panel; Add/Delete Port Members, Add/Delete Untagged Members, or Move Port to Current VLAN. 2 Click on a port to change its state: ❑ For Add/Delete Port Members, clicking on a darkened port adds it to the VLAN, while clicking on a VLAN member deletes it. The status of the port on any other VLAN remains unchanged.
VLAN Button Figure 5-17 Add/Delete MAC Address dialog box When you have added or deleted the MAC address, the VLAN Group Configuration page is displayed again.
Web Browser Management Security Button This button opens the Security page, which provides a summary of the security of each port on the IntraCore, as shown in Figure 5-18. The configuration page for any individual port can be accessed by single clicking on the associated blue number in the Module-Port column.
Duplicate IP Button Duplicate IP Button The Duplicate IP button lights up if a Duplicate IP number has been detected on the system. Clicking the button opens the Duplicate IP Trap Log page, which, if the trap is enabled, displays a record of duplicate IP Addresses detected. The Log shows the MAC address of the device that is the original or rightful owner of the IP address, and the MAC address of the spoofer device that is using a copy of the IP address.
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A Technical Support Contacting Technical Support To contact Asanté Technical Support: Telephone (800) 622-7464 Fax (801) 566-3787 Fax-Back (800) 741-8607 E-mail support@asante.com World Wide Web Site http://www.asante.com FTP site for RMON information Technical Support Hours 6:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Pacific Standard Time USA, Monday - Friday.
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B MIB Statistics MIB Object Definitions for Counters The following MIB objects are those for which counters are displayed in the Statistics Counters screens shown in both the console and Web interface. The definitions and references are quoted from RFC 1516. Readable Frames “This object is the number of frames of valid frame length that have been received on this port.
The approximate minimum time for rollover of this counter is 80 hours.” Reference: IEEE 802.3 Rptr Mgt, 19.2.6.2, aFrameCheckSequenceErrors Alignment Errors “This counter is incremented by one for each frame received on this port with the FCSError and FramingError signals asserted and CollisionEvent signal deasserted and whose OctetCount is greater than or equal to minFrameSize and less than or equal to maxFrameSize (Ref: IEEE 802.3 Std, 4.4.2.1).
MIB Object Definitions for Counters The approximate minimum time for rollover of this counter is 16 hours.” Reference: IEEE 802.3 Rptr Mgt, 19.2.6.2, aShortEvents Runts “This counter is incremented by one for each CarrierEvent on this port that meets one of the following two conditions. Only one test need be made. a) The ActivityDuration is greater than ShortEventMaxTime and less than ValidPacketMinTime and the CollisionEvent signal is deasserted.
802.3 Std) while the ActivityDuration is greater than the LateEventThreshold. Such a CarrierEvent is counted twice, as both a collision and as a lateEvent. The LateEventThreshold is greater than 480 bit times and less than 565 bit times. LateEventThreshold has tolerances included to permit an implementation to build a single threshold to serve as both the LateEventThreshold and ValidPacketMinTime threshold. The approximate minimum time for rollover of this counter is 81 hours.” Reference: IEEE 802.
MIB Object Definitions for Counters Total Errors “The total number of errors which have occurred on this port. This counter is the summation of the values of other error counters (for the same port), namely: rptrMonitorPortFCSErrors, rptrMonitorPortAlignmentErrors, rptrMonitorPortFrameTooLongs, rptrMonitorPortShortEvents, rptrMonitorPortLateEvents, rptrMonitorPortVeryLongEvents, and rptrMonitorPortDataRateMismatches.
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