E71-314 Sierra™ User’s Manual THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN ELECTRONICALLY SIGNED IN ASTRONICS CSC’S PLM SYSTEM. ALL ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES ARE ON FILE IN THE PLM SYSTEM AND ARE FULLY AUDITABLE.
Copyright © Copyright 2020 Astronics CSC. Astronics CSC trademarks include , Sierra™, Cabin Ace™, Cabin Pinnacle™, Cabin Vista™, Edge ™, All rights reserved. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Open Source Code This product includes code licensed under GNU General Public License, and/or certain other open source licenses. FCC COMPLIANCE STATEMENT CAUTION: Changes or modifications not expressly approved could void your authority to use this equipment.
1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 User Information .................................................................................................................................... 6 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2 Support Documentation ................................................................................................................ 6 Industry Standards ........................................................................................................................ 7 Warranty .............................
12.1 12.2 Technical Support ....................................................................................................................... 55 Returning Defective Equipment .................................................................................................. 55 Table of Tables Table 1-1: Astronics CSC Support Documentation ...................................................................................... 6 Table 1-2: Aruba Support Documentation ....................................
Table of Figures Figure 3-1: Sierra System Block Diagram ................................................................................................... 17 Figure 3-2: Sierra™ Equipment .................................................................................................................. 18 Figure 4-1: Power Source ...........................................................................................................................
1 User Information This User’s Manual describes the features supported by Astronics CSC third generation streaming portable Inflight Entertainment (IFE) system, branded as SierraTM and provides detailed instructions for setting up and configuring the Sierra IFE portable system. This guide is intended for administrators who configure and use Sierra. 1.
1.2 Industry Standards Table 1-3: Industry Standards Industry Standard ARINC 628 IEE 802.11 IEE 802.3 RTCA/DO-160G 802.11h Description Cabin Equipment Interfaces, Part 1, Interfaces, Cabin Management and Entertainment Systems - Peripherals A set of media access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications for implementing wireless local area network (WLAN) computer communication in the 900 MHz and 2.4, 3.6, 5, and 60 GHz frequency bands.
2 Important Safety Instructions 2.1 Safety and Precautions The following general instructions should always be followed in order to assure the proper operation of Sierra, the safety of operators and the preservation of warranty coverage. 1. The Sierra IFE System has been designed to operate in the pressurized passenger cabin on the aircraft.
2.2.1 USA – FCC Supplier Declaration of Conformity Product Identification and Responsible Party Astronics CSC 804 S. Northpoint Blvd. Waukegan, IL 60085 (847) 244-4500 www.astronics.com We, Astronics CSC, 804 S. Northpoint Blvd. Waukegan, IL 60085, declare under our sole responsibility that the product E71-314 Sierra™ complies with Part 15 Subpart B of FCC CFR47 Rules. This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules.
Some airlines may permit the use of cellular phones while the aircraft is on the ground and the door is open. The cellular transceiver module may be used normally at this time. 2.2.1.2 RF Exposure Statement The device shall be used in such a manner that the potential for human contact during normal operation is minimized. This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment.
2.2.2.1 RF Exposure Statement The device shall be used in such a manner that the potential for human contact normal operation is minimized. This equipment complies with RSS-102 radiation exposure limits. This equipment should be installed and operated with a minimum distance of 20cm between the radiator and your body. This device and its antenna(s) must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.
2.2.3.3 WEEE This product is manufactured to ensure compliance with European Union regulations and policies that preserve, protect and improve the quality of the environment, protect human health and utilize natural resources prudently and rationally. In compliance with the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) directive, return this product to a local recycling center, the original dealer, or supplier at the end of life. Otherwise, return the device to the following office: Astronics CSC 804 S.
• • • • • • • • • Page | 13 Do not subject batteries to mechanical shock. Do not use any charger other than that specifically provided for use with the equipment. Batteries need to be charged before use. Keep batteries clean and dry. Do not leave batteries on a prolonged charge when not in use. After extended periods of storage, it may be necessary to charge and discharge the batteries several times to obtain maximum performance.
3 Introduction 3.1 Product Description Sierra is Astronics-CSC third generation streaming portable Inflight Entertainment (IFE) system designed to install in the overhead compartment of commercial aircraft. Sierra is primarily a batteryoperated alternative to a fixed IFE installation. Sierra is capable of multi-user media streaming of audio, video-on-demand, digital magazine content, and much more. Sierra offers a suite of features that are unmatched in today’s portable IFE marketplace.
Table 3-1: Sierra Kit Specific Drawing Information Kit P/N E71-314-101 Kit Description Kit, Assembly Sierra Portable Server 1TB Removable SSD Kit –OL Drawing E71-314-101-OL Kit Component: Assembly, Base Unit –OL Drawing E71-319-01-OL Kit Component: Assembly, Removable SSD –OL Drawing (capacity) E54-576-01-OL (1 TB) 3.2 Hardware Architecture The Sierra leverages a state-of-the-art, commercial enterprise-class Wireless Access Point (AP).
3.3 Key Hardware Components The Sierra key hardware components include: Component CPU Wi-Fi Cellular Bluetooth ADS-B Decompression Security PA Pause Description Dual Core 1.3 GHz (1.8 MHz burst), Intel® Atom™ x5-E3930 2 MB L2 cache 4 GB DDR4 – 2133MT/s 16 GB eMMC onboard flash Two (2) 2.4 GHz/5 GHz, 802.11ac/abgn radios (Wave 2) – simultaneous operation. One (1) dedicated 802.11ac/bgn (2.4 GHz/5 GHz) radio for networking multiple units together. 4G/LTE supports diversity mode.
Component Description Thermal Natural convection Environment Operating: 0°C to +50°C Storage w/o Batteries: -40°C to +85°C Storage w/ Batteries: -20°C to +50°C (+25°C recommended) Operating System Ubuntu 18.04 supported (support of other Linux systems available upon request). Figure 3-1 shows the Sierra System Block Diagram.
3.4 Orderable Part Numbers Table 3-2: Sierra Orderable Part Numbers ID 1 2 3 Astronics CSC P/N E71-314-XXX* E71-319-01 4 5 E54-576-XX* AHM250PS19 E71-500-01 6 RRC2054-2 7 E54-577 Description Kit, Sierra, Removable SSD Sierra Base Unit Assembly RSSD Module External Power Module with Cable PA Pause Assembly Li-Ion Battery (purchase directly from RRC Power Solutions) SSD Block Plate Kit Notes: • • • • *See Table 3-1 for kit specific part numbers.
4 Powering Up Two (2) high-density Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery modules, RRC Power Solutions P/N RRC2054-2, are required to power the Sierra. Alternatively, Sierra can be powered via the aircraft 28VDC power bus with the appropriate STC. Refer to Figure 4-1. Figure 4-1: Power Source Once power is connected via batteries or external power source, turn the POWER switch to ‘ON’ position as shown.
5 Connecting to Sierra 5.1 Terminal Communication Settings The integrated USB to UART provides console access via the USB-C port that is located behind the battery door as shown in Figure 5-1. There is also an internal console for the cell modem, when enabled.
5.2 SSH The rear Ethernet port comes configured as a dhcp client to allow access to the system from your development network. You can ssh into the unit using the Sierra username and password. User: sierra Password: sierra Figure 5-2: Ethernet Port 5.3 SSID Sierra comes configured with the following ATP SSIDs, where xxxxxx is replaced with the unit’s serial number.
5.4 WAP Configuration Sierra leverages an Aruba enterprise class wireless access point that runs Aruba’s Instant virtual controller software. The WAP can be configured through the Aruba web GUI, or through the console/sssh command line interface (CLI). The settings can be saved out to, and loaded from, a configuration file. The following example copies a configuration file to the tftp server: sierra# copy config tftp 192.168.1.1 filename.
6 Connecting using Aruba’s Web-based GUI You can connect to the web-based GUI by entering the Aruba AP’s IP address 192.168.1.20 in a web browser, and entering the Username and Password (admin / admin) when prompted as shown below in Figure 6-1. Note: The following subsections refer to the [Aruba] IAP, or AP which shall be used interchangeably with the Sierra. The sections are summarized from Aruba Instant documentation and training materials.
Clicking on the one of the Blue text items or Green icons will display details of that item. Figure 6-2: The Six Sections of the Aruba Instant Main GUI Page Page | 24 Revision Date April 30, 2020 || Document Number UM-E71-314 || Rev B astronics.
6.1 Aruba Username and Password The default system username and password are admin / admin. It is recommended that these be changed. The system username and password can be changed from the Admin tab of the System dialog box, as show in Figure 6-3. Figure 6-3: System Username and Password Dialog Box. Page | 25 Revision Date April 30, 2020 || Document Number UM-E71-314 || Rev B astronics.
6.2 Network Selection The Network section lists all the wireless networks (SSIDs) associated with the WAP, and displays the number of clients currently connected to each SSID. Clicking on the “+” sign on the Network sections title bar will display addition information about the wireless networks as show below in Figure 6-4. Selecting one of the Blue SSID names will show additional details in the Information band. The Info section on the left side displays the general settings for the selected network.
Figure 6-6: The Wireless network Usage Trends Section 6.3 Access Point Selection The Access Points section lists all clients currently connected to Sierra. You can select Access Point to view its details in the Information band as shown on Figure 6-7. On the left side of the Information section are the operating details along with an RF Dashboard. On the right side of the Information band is the Overview section, with monitoring graphs.
Figure 6-8: Radio Specific Details 6.4 Client Selection The Clients section lists all the clients associated with the wireless networks. In the Clients section, you can see the operating system and wireless capabilities of the devices, and also see which wireless network the clients are associated with. Figure 6-9 shows the details of the Clients section. You can click on a client’s name to display the details for that client in the Information band as shown in Figure 6-10.
Figure 6-10: Client Details Page | 29 Revision Date April 30, 2020 || Document Number UM-E71-314 || Rev B astronics.
7 WLAN Setup There are four steps to creating an SSID: 1. Select the type of SSID you want to create. The Employee and Voice selections will lead you to 802.1X and PSK authentication. The Guest option will lead you to Captive Portal authentication. 2. Configure the Vlan and client IP assignment. 3. The security stage depends on your wireless LAN setting selections. Enterprise will give you 802.1x selections, personal will give you PSK or WEP selections.
Step 1 You create SSIDs using the WLAN Wizard. You launch the WLAN Wizard by selecting New from the Networks section on the main GUI page. This will bring up the WLAN Settings tab of the New WLAN dialog box. The WLAN Settings tab is where you select the type of SSID you want to create and name the SSID, as shown below in Figure 7-2. Figure 7-2: The WLAN Settings Tab of the New WLAN Dialog Box Page | 31 Revision Date April 30, 2020 || Document Number UM-E71-314 || Rev B astronics.
Step 2 The VLAN Tab is where you configure the VLAN assignment and client IP assignment. The available VLAN and client IP assignment options are shown below in Figure 7-3. Figure 7-3: The VLAN Tab of the New WLAN Dialog Box The two client IP assignment options are virtual controller Managed and Network assigned. Virtual Controller Managed The client will associate and authenticate to the access point.
Network Assigned The client will associate and authenticate to the access point. The access points will act as a bridge and pass the traffic without modifying the original payload. DHCP will be provided by the DHCP server on the LAN. The APs will bridge the client traffic onto the wire without manipulating or modifying the packets. • • The AP will bridge the client traffic onto the wire. The AP turns the wireless frame into an Ethernet frame. Step 3 The Security tab is where you set the security level.
Step 4 The Access tab is where you configure the firewall rules and user rights. The Access tab allows you to create Network-Based rules and Role-Based rules. You also have the option to leave the SSID Unrestricted. Figure 7-5 shows an example of creating a rule that denies all DNS traffic except to the DNS server with the IP address of 192.168.10.1. Figure 7-5: Configuring Firewall Rules Refer to the Aruba Instant Users Guide for additional information on the IAP GUI.
Figure 7-6: External Captive Portal Settings • In the Access tab, configure the following Network Based Access Rules: o Allow HTTP to a specific server - 192.168.1.1 o Allow HTTPS to a specific server - 192.168.1.1 o Deny any to any Place the following lines in the body of your index.html file which will automatically authenticate your guests.
8 User Interface 8.1 Switch and Display Panel Sierra includes a visual display and switch panel located on the front of the unit. This panel includes series of LEDs and switches designed to provide the users with an intuitive interface with the critical functions of Sierra. Figure 8-1 is an annotated illustration of the front panel Switch and Display Panel. Figure 8-1: Switch and Display Panel Table 8-1 lists the function of the front panel Switch and Display Panel.
Switch / LED Function Battery Monitor LED Display Monitors the state of charge of batteries 1 and 2. Each battery has its own set of LEDs. The display illuminates for 4-seconds when the Battery Strength button is pressed. See Section 6.1.6.4 for a description of the meaning and operation. Cellular Mode Button Cellular Mode LED Icons A momentary press cycles through each cell modem mode of operation. Displays the cell modem mode of operation when the Cellular Mode button is pressed.
8.2 Battery Status Indicator Sierra includes a front panel display to provide real-time battery State-of-Charge (SOC), and charging status indications for Battery 1 and Battery 2. Figure 8-2 describes the behavior and meaning of the display. The SOC of the installed battery modules (or battery in the case of one installed battery module) is presented as four LEDs representing a “fuel gauge”. The display illuminates for 4 seconds when the “Battery Status” switch is pressed.
Figure 8-3: Battery Door Sierra includes the following features behind the battery door: • • • • • • Page | 39 Removable Solid State Drive – 1TB m.2 SATA (default) Micro-HDMI port USB-C for serial console access to the CPU and access point USB 3.0 port SIM card slot Two battery bays Revision Date April 30, 2020 || Document Number UM-E71-314 || Rev B astronics.
Figure 8-4: Hardware Interface behind the battery door Page | 40 Revision Date April 30, 2020 || Document Number UM-E71-314 || Rev B astronics.
8.4.1 SSD Removal Instructions Figure 8-5: Removable SSD Ejection Instructions Page | 41 Revision Date April 30, 2020 || Document Number UM-E71-314 || Rev B astronics.
Note: The SSD Block Plate is intended as a theft deterrent device. Usage is optional. Figure 8-6: Removable SSD Installation Instructions Page | 42 Revision Date April 30, 2020 || Document Number UM-E71-314 || Rev B astronics.
9 Performance Data 9.1 Aruba Wi-Fi Characteristics Table 9-1: Radio Characteristics Feature Supported Frequency Bands country-specific restrictions apply Operating Channels Description -2.400 to 2.4835 GHz -5.150 to 5.250 GHz -5.250 to 5.350 GHz -5.470 to 5.725 GHz -5.725 to 5.850 GHz (Note: This band disabled for use in EU and cannot be enabled by the end user or installer.) Dependent on configured regulatory domain. Supported radio technologies -802.11b: Direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DSSS) -802.
Table 9-2: RF Performance Table Maximum transmit power (dBm) per transmit chain 802.11b 2.4GHz 1 Mbps 11 Mbps 802.11g 2.4GHz 6 Mbps 54 Mbps 802.11n HT20 2.4GHz MCS0/8 MCS7/15 802.11n HT40 2.4GHz MCS0/8 MCS7/15 802.11a 5GHz 6 Mbps 54 Mbps 802.11n HT20 5GHz MCS0/8 MCS7/15 802.11n HT40 5GHz MCS0/8 MCS7/15 802.11ac VHT20 5GHz MCS0 MCS9 802.11ac VHT40 5GHz MCS0 MCS9 802.11ac VHT80 5GHz MCS0 MCS9 Receiver sensitivity dBm per receive chain 18.0 18.0 -93.0 -87.0 18.0 16.0 -90.0 -73.0 18.0 14.0 -90.0 -71.
9.2 Country Codes The IEEE 802.11/b/g/n Wi-Fi networks operate in the 2.4GHz spectrum and IEEE 802.11a/n operates in the 5.0GHz spectrum. The spectrum is divided into channels. The 2.4GHz spectrum is divided into 14 overlapping, staggered 20 MHz wireless carrier channels. These channels are spaced 5 MHz apart. The 5GHz spectrum is divided into more channels. The channels that can be used in a particular country differ based on the regulations of that country.
China Colombia Comoros Congo Costa Rica Cote D'Ivoire CN CO KM CD CR CI Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macau Macedonia Malaysia LI LT LU MO MK MY Croatia Cuba Curacao H CU CW Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Estonia Ethiopia Faroe Islands Federated States of Micronesia Fiji Finland France French Guiana French Polynesia French Southern Territories Gambia Georgia CY CZ DK DO EC EG SV EE ET FO Maldives Mali Malta Maritime Forward Operating Base Maritime Off
10 Technical Data 10.1 Electrical and Environmental Specifications The Sierra unit complies with all applicable FAA guidelines and regulations for a Portable Electronic Device (PED), and as such, is exempt from requiring formal RTCA/DO-160 airworthiness testing. Sierra meets the electrical and environmental test categories per Table 10-1. Table 10-1: Engineering Test Matrix Test Description Specification Section Category Required DO-160G 4 - - DO-160G 4.5.
10.2 Mechanical Design and Dimensions The Sierra’s metal components include a proper finish to offer maintenance-free service over the life of the Sierra. The Sierra’s internal chassis, circuit cards, wiring and cabling, and other major components are mounted and secured to provide maximum protection against imposed shock and vibration. 10.2.1 Top View Figure 10-1: Sierra Top View Page | 48 Revision Date April 30, 2020 || Document Number UM-E71-314 || Rev B astronics.
10.2.2 I/O Front View Figure 10-2: Sierra I/O Front View 10.2.3 Side View Figure 10-3: Sierra Side View Page | 49 Revision Date April 30, 2020 || Document Number UM-E71-314 || Rev B astronics.
10.2.4 Rear View Figure 10-4: Sierra Rear View 10.2.5 Bottom View Figure 10-5: Sierra Bottom View Page | 50 Revision Date April 30, 2020 || Document Number UM-E71-314 || Rev B astronics.
10.2.6 Product Identification The Part Number Identification Label for each Sierra LRU is located on bottom panel and contains information as shown in Figure 10-5. 10.2.7 Finish and Color The paint color of the Sierra is medium texture black. 10.2.8 Materials All materials used in the construction of the Sierra are inherently non-nutrient to fungus and do not support combustion.
10.2.11 Installation Limitations The Sierra is intended to be installed in the bag bin of the cabin to provide adequate RF coverage of the Wi-Fi signal. The Sierra shall maintain a minimum air gap spacing as follows: • • • • • • Bottom (G1) = Left (G2) = Right (G3) = Top (G4) = Front (G5) = Rear (G6) = 0.00” 1.00” 1.00” 1.00” 1.00” 1.00” Installations violating the above air gap spacing must be approved by Astronics CSC engineering. There are no minimum installation distances between Sierras.
10.3 Workmanship Workmanship, including ANSI/IPC-A-620 soldering, is designed to meet ANSI/J-STD-002 and RTCA/DO-254. 10.4 Safety The Sierra includes fuses on the system input power lines (Shurter Inc. P/N: 3413.0331.22, 63V, 20A), as well as additional fuses on the input power lines to the main system circuitry (Littelfuse P/N: RUEF300K-2, 30V, 3A), both to protect against over current conditions.
11 Reliability and Maintainability 11.1 Reliability The Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) for the Sierra is a minimum of 100,000 operating hours calculated using the RIAC 217+ (AIC, +30°C, 65% duty cycle, 2190 cycles per year). 11.2 Maintainability The Sierra is considered an LRU and is repairable only by Astronics CSC or an authorized repair facility. Periodic maintenance of the Sierra is not required. 11.
12 Support and Service 12.1 Technical Support For technical support, please contact support@Astronics.com. 12.2 Returning Defective Equipment All equipment returned to Astronics CSC must have a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number assigned exclusively by Astronics CSC. Astronics CSC cannot be held responsible for any loss or damage caused to the equipment received without an RMA number.
Revision History Date Revision Level Description of Change Written By Approved By 01-28-2020 A Mike O'Connor Chris Hinojosa 04-30-2020 B Initial Release Section 2.2: Updated Wi-Fi Transceiver FCC ID. Section 2.2.3.1: Updated the EU declaration of conformity URL. Added a statement regarding restriction to indoor use. Volodya Vandakurov Mike O’Connor Page | 56 Revision Date April 30, 2020 || Document Number UM-E71-314 || Rev B astronics.
