® ® Avid iNEWS Administration Guide
Legal Notices Product specifications are subject to change without notice and do not represent a commitment on the part of Avid Technology, Inc. The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement. You can obtain a copy of that license by visiting Avid's Web site at www.avid.com. The terms of that license are also available in the product in the same directory as the software.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation, advertising materials, and other materials related to such distribution and use acknowledge that the software was developed by the University of California, Berkeley. The name of the University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
The following disclaimer is required by Altura Software, Inc. for the use of its Mac2Win software and Sample Source Code: ©1993–1998 Altura Software, Inc. The following disclaimer is required by Ultimatte Corporation: Certain real-time compositing capabilities are provided under a license of such technology from Ultimatte Corporation and are subject to copyright protection. The following disclaimer is required by 3Prong.com Inc.
SynchroScope, Syntax, Targa, TDM FlexCable, Thunder, Titan, Titansync, TL Aggro, TL AutoPan, TL Drum Rehab, TL Everyphase, TL Fauxlder, TL In Tune, TL MasterMeter, TL Metro, TL Space, TL Utilities, Torq, Torq Xponent, Transfuser, Trigger Finger, Trillium Lane Labs, TruTouch, UnityRAID, Vari-Fi, Velvet, Venom, VideoRAID, Video Slave Driver, VideoSPACE, VideoSpin, Vortx, Xdeck, X-Form, Xmon, Xponent, X-Session, and X-Session Pro are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Avid Technology, Inc.
Contents Using This Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Symbols and Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 If You Need Help. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 ...With the Syntax of Console Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Avid Training Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using Group Security to Control System Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Chapter 4 Database Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Monitoring Free Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Understanding Database Storage Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Monitoring the Free List. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Searching a Tape by Word(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Searching a Tape by Word and Date Range. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Searching a Tape by Word and Day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Searching a Tape by Word and Month . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Specifying a Maximum Number of Stories to Search . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Checking for Free Space on a Database . . . .
Locked Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 How to Check Process Status (ps Command) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Power Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Network Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 netstat -i Command . . . . . . . . . . . .
diskclear (Superuser only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 diskcopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 doc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 ed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 enter . . . . . . . . . . . . .
reorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 restart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 searchtape. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 send. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 shutdown . . . . . . . . . .
poll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 publish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 put . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 quiet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 remote . . . . .
/site/system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 console.cfg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 SYSTEM.CLIENT.WINDOWS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 SYSTEM.CONFIGURE.301-ACTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 SYSTEM.MAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Case-shifting Dictionary (/site/dict/shift) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 MCS Dictionary (/site/dict/mcs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229 Device Types Used by Monitor Servers and Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229 Special Strings Recognized by the Monitor Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230 Error Messages for the Monitor Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Changing a Parent Directory Only. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273 Database Traits Console Command Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273 Sortfield . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 Changing a Queue’s Sort Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 Starting the Queue Sort Function from the Console. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using This Guide Congratulations on your purchase of your Avid iNEWS system. It is a vital part of the Avid news system solution that integrates with other Avid systems and third-party equipment to provide an ideal nonlinear workflow and optimize the news production process. This guide is part of a two-book set designed to keep pace with current advances in the Avid system’s news production capabilities.
Symbol or Convention Meaning or Action > This symbol indicates menu commands (and subcommands) in the order you select them. For example, File > Import means to open the File menu and then select the Import command. This symbol indicates a single-step procedure. Multiple arrows in a list indicate that you perform one of the actions listed.
Avid Training Services 4. Visit the online Knowledge Base at www.avid.com/onlinesupport. Online services are available 24 hours per day, 7 days per week. Search this online Knowledge Base to find answers, to view error messages, to access troubleshooting tips, to download updates, and to read or join online message-board discussions. ...With the Syntax of Console Commands If you are at the console and are unsure about the function of a console command, use the help command.
For information on courses/schedules, training centers, certifications, courseware, and books, please visit www.avid.com/training or call Avid Sales at 800-949-AVID (800-949-2843).
1 Introduction The iNEWS newsroom computer system is an integrated digital news production system, which provides journalists, producers, directors, writers, and technical personnel with an array of tools to make their jobs easier.
Overview of iNEWS An iNEWS newsroom computer system provides: • News gathering from text sources • News production, including: • - Story creation and script editing - Association of machine control items to script - Show planning and creation - Show archiving - Contact organization and scheduling News to air, including: - On-air playback control - File exporting - Internet publishing Some primary components of iNEWS include: • Linux-based computers running the iNEWS Server software.
System Administrator Tasks System Administrator Tasks The following sections describe common system administrator responsibilities and tasks. Basic Tasks Before you can customize or maintain the iNEWS newsroom computer system, you must learn several basic tasks, which include: • Start up or shut down iNEWS Server software, which includes logging out users and taking the system offline. • Back up a site file before making file modifications.
1 Introduction • Create new folders or queues in the iNEWS system database to meet your organization’s expanding needs—including setting up rundowns. • Remove a directory or queue from the database, if it is no longer used. • Change the name or traits of an existing directory or queue. • Assign the mailbox trait to queues for configuring automatic story distribution into and out of queues. Security Tasks There are many ways to ensure the security of your iNEWS system.
System Administrator Tasks Device Tasks A device is any kind of hardware or software that performs a specific function when it is set up on the iNEWS system. Your responsibilities regarding devices include: • List the parameters of any device running on your system or list all devices of one type. • Add any type of device to your system, if you have the capacity and license permission. • Edit site-specific files, to change the setup information for a device in your system’s configuration file.
1 Introduction 26
2 Connect Services Connect services are utilities you can set up to enable iNEWS users to connect to other computers or information services over the network, such as a remote console for your iNEWS newsroom computer system. This chapter contains the following main sections: • Network Services • Adding System Services • Console Connect Sessions Network Services It is useful to set up a service to let you connect to your iNEWS Servers.
2 Connect Services This process includes the most commonly used dialog commands. To build a dialog: 1. Create a dialog queue. Each dialog must be in a separate queue in the SYSTEM.DIALOGS directory. The first step in creating a new dialog is to go to SYSTEM.DIALOGS and create a queue to hold it. The name you give this queue is also the name of the dialog, so choose a queue name that describes what the dialog does, such as Console, for a dialog used during connect sessions to the console.
Network Services Use pass x to include a character the user can enter to cue the dialog to resume. The x should be a character or symbol, such as the at symbol (@), he or she will not normally use. Use pass alone to instruct the system to accept what the user enters until he/she closes the connection. 7. Type commands to log out of the service. When the user exits a connection using the quit connect command, the dialog resumes and performs the logout process and closes the connection. 8.
2 Connect Services Adding System Services A service consists of two parts: • A network resource, set up as a device in the configuration file (/site/config). • The service, set up in the service table in the database file (SYSTEM.SERVICE); it uses the resource to make a connection. To add a new service to your system, you must design and build the service and select a network resource for the service to use. If an appropriate resource does not exist, create one.
Adding System Services The general format for a network resource configuration line is: resource Parameter Description device # Identifies resource’s device number. resource name Name you want to give to the resource. Network resources can share the same name; services choose the first available resource of the correct kind. In the following example, we call the resource net. device name Resource’s device name.
2 Connect Services Parameter Definition command Specifies the command you want the service to use to handle communication. To create a service using telnet, type the telnet command here. Ensure you specify the program’s full pathname and include the system name to which you are connecting. You will need one such service line for each server on your system. Use the ssh command in the following way: /usr/bin/ssh -1 The following sample entries in SYSTEM.
Console Connect Sessions If you modified an existing service or added a service that uses an existing network resource, you did not make any changes to your system’s configuration file. So, you need to have the system note only changes made to the service table by typing the following: NRCS-A# configure -s 8. When the prompt returns, type what appears in bold text: NRCS-A # online 9. Exit superuser mode by holding the Control key (Ctrl) down and typing the letter D.
2 Connect Services 3. Double-click on the service you want. A dialog box will appear with a dialog (as defined in the SYSTEM.DIALOGS) that requests a password. 4. Type in the password and press Enter. 5. Once connected, the dialog box will display the console prompt, similar to what appears on the console when you are logged in as a system operator.
Console Connect Sessions 6. You can now perform various administrative tasks through the console connect session, as opposed to doing them while physically located at the console. c To stop a console connect session, press Ctrl+D. Do not close the dialog box by selecting File > Close or by clicking on the X button in the upper-right corner.
2 Connect Services 36
3 Database Security This chapter describes how to use various features in the iNEWS newsroom computer system to establish and maintain database security.
3 Database Security Establishing Security Procedures Use the following guidelines to improve the security of your system: • Set up official security procedures and have everyone follow them. • Keep track of your backup tapes. You can get user passwords from a backup tape. • Assign users superuser status only when they need it. • If any user does not need superuser status, remove it.
Checking Password Status Checking Password Status A user account without a password is an open door to your system. You should always give a user a password when you add the user to your system. See the iNEWS Setup and Configuration Manual for more information on setting up new user accounts. However, if you suspect that a user does not have a password or has not changed it in awhile, you can find out for certain from any iNEWS Workstation.
3 Database Security The Advanced Search Settings dialog box appears with All Users selected by default. 5. Do one of the following: t To search for all users without passwords, select Users Without Passwords. t To search for all users who have not changed their password within a specific time, select Date Range. Then click Password Changed, and specify the time frame to search. 6. Click OK to confirm your advanced search setting or click Cancel to cancel it. 7. Click Search to initiate the search.
Checking Password Status Forcing Individual Users to Change Their Passwords Occasionally, you might have individual users who do not change their passwords as required. When that happens, you can force them to change their password at their next login. You can do this for a single user at an iNEWS Workstation. To force multiple users to change their passwords—such as all users who haven’t changed their passwords in the past six months—you must go to the console.
3 Database Security The next time the user logs in, he or she will be required to choose a new password. Tracking User Activity Keep a record of who uses iNEWS and when they use it by following the procedures described in this section. These security measures can ensure there is no unauthorized use of your system.
Tracking User Activity . . . At the Console Another command you can type at the console will give you valuable information about users: list u-t [] This command shows the date and time a user account was created, date and time of last login, and date and time of last password change. If you do not specify a particular user name to check, you will get a listing for all users.
3 Database Security Recording Logins Keep track of successful and attempted logins to preserve system security. You can spot unauthorized users, people logging in at odd hours, or repeated attempts to guess passwords. To monitor logins from different types of devices: 1. Change the value for the W_LOGTYPES token in the dictionary /site/dict/words.
Using Group Security to Control System Access 3. When a user logs in at a device of a type listed in W_LOGTYPES, a message similar to the following is sent to the console: Apr 5 16:25:47 NRCS-A G3494: Attempted login bloyd 172.24.96.247 3.1.1.2/3.1.1.3 RH5 This message includes the device type and number, time of login, user name, IP address of PC used, and client version number. 4.
3 Database Security 46
4 Database Management This chapter provides you with information required to manage the iNEWS database, where all business data, such as stories, is stored. Much of the iNEWS system data is stored in configuration files, which is covered in the Avid iNEWS Newsroom Computer System Setup and Configuration Guide.
4 Database Management Monitoring Free Space The iNEWS newsroom computer system is constantly collecting wire stories and adding them to the database while the news staff adds scripts, rundowns, memos, assignment sheets, and other stories. To avoid running out of disk space, iNEWS tracks old stories. As stories get old, the system purges them. Distribution and purging of disk space is called the database cycle.
Monitoring Free Space Monitoring the Free List The free list is the list of free space on the disk. By keeping track of space in the free list, the system can detect when it is running low on space. It runs an automatic dbserver program, which removes the oldest stories from the Dead queue and adds the space to the free list, where it is made available to the system. This way, dbserver maintains the volume of free space available in the database.
4 Database Management The space used for a story becomes free only when the last reference to the story has been removed from the system. Tracking Database Space over Time Do not wait until you encounter an “out-of-space” condition before you start to think about database storage.
Increasing Database Space for Immediate Use To obtain a hogs report on the entire database, type: hogs . To send a hogs report to yourself, type: NRCS-A# sh # hogs . | mail & n For more examples on how to use the hogs command, see “hogs” on page 133. Using dbserver and dbfree to Obtain Information To obtain an accurate idea of how much space is being used by stories in the system: 1. Empty out the Dead queue and reclaim all space used in it.
4 Database Management 2. Back up old material to tape and remove it from the database. 3. Check and reset purge intervals of Wires directories and queues. To view purge intervals at the console, type: list d wires Information similar to the following appears: SRPlo-LIsUG-QSXWFiT sortfield purge dis mbox directory D-R-----I----Q-XW--- TITLE P4.0 D1 - WIRES D-R-----I----Q-XW--- TITLE P4.0 D1 - WIRES.ALL D-R-----I----Q-XW--- TITLE P4.0 D1 - WIRES.AP ...
Maintaining the Database Since dblines examines every story in your database, it requires several hours to complete its task, so run dblines before you go home at night. By the time you return in the morning, it should be done. When dblines discovers an error, it ordinarily sends an error message to the console. However, if you run it at night, you can have the system send its messages to a log file for you to review the next day.
4 Database Management This searches the log file for the word failed. If there are no errors involving queue corruption, such as scan failed , read error, or unable to open , the prompt will simply be returned. If there are any error messages related to queue corruption, call Avid for assistance. If you want to review the entire log, you can use the doc command to place a copy in a queue you specify.
Maintaining the Database Starting the day before, allows time for the system to complete this process, which may take several hours, before you run dbvisit. n To check the database structure for errors, dbvisit must perform a cursory check of stories in the database, including those in the Dead queue. You can shorten the time it takes dbvisit to examine the database by using dbserver to empty the Dead queue first.
4 Database Management The -d instructs dbvisit to print a period each time it visits a new queue and a colon for every 1,000 stories in a queue. After you have done a few cleanups, you can judge how far dbvisit has progressed by the number of periods it has printed. When you run dbvisit, it begins with the root file structure and then examines the entire directory. As it inspects the root files and then the directory, dbvisit prints messages indicating its progress.
Maintaining the Database 5. Restart your system, by doing the following: a. Select all servers. b. Exit superuser mode by pressing Ctrl+D. c. Type online to bring the system back online. d. Type restart all to restart all devices. The system displays Hot-to-go messages as the devices start. If a device cannot be started, a failed message is displayed for that device.
4 Database Management 58
5 Backing Up the iNEWS System Proper maintenance of the iNEWS system requires three kinds of backups: • Database backups—of the iNEWS database • Software backups—of iNEWS software and the operating system • System file backups—of files like /site/config and /etc/hosts This chapter explains the procedures for the various types of backups necessary to maintain the iNEWS system.
5 Backing Up the iNEWS System Tape Operations When making backup tapes, pay particular attention to the write-protect tab on the tape. If you have trouble writing to the tape, check the tab and try moving it in the opposite direction. When loading a tape, ensure the tape has finished loading before issuing tape commands. Trying to access the tape before it is ready may result in a “hung” process that waits forever for the tape to be ready. The only solution is a reboot.
Backing up the iNEWS Database • Do not store archived material beneath daily show production queues. Segregate archive material under it’s own directory. • If you archive old shows on your system, you might want to produce dbdump tapes that cover old years For instance, ARCHIVE.2008 through ARCHIVE.2009, and store them separately. • It is a good idea to make extra copies of the tapes and store them off site. If your computer room is destroyed, you can buy new servers.
5 Backing Up the iNEWS System For instance, to dump all database items contained in the SCRIPTS.2010 directory to tape, you could type: dbdump c -n script.2010 If you already have dbdump material on tape and you want to append another dbdump to the end of it, use the following command: NRCS-A# dbdump ad An append does not overwrite dbdump information currently on the tape. See “Backing up Individual Queues” on page 69 for more information.
Backing up the iNEWS Database As dbdump copies, the console displays messages like those above. The number of stories dumped and the ending block mentioned in these messages depends on your system. When the console prompt returns, the backup is done. You can then verify the backup. Otherwise, remove the tape from the drive. Set the tape’s write protect switch to the on position, return it to its case, and write the date on the case label. 5.
5 Backing Up the iNEWS System Tapeless Database Backup Instead of backing up the iNEWS database to tapes for potential restoration, you can dump the information to a file and then transfer (FTP) the backed up data to another computer for storage. The more compact way to do this is to use the dbdump C command piped through gzip and directed to create a file in the /tmp/directory. For instance, type: NRCS-A$: dbdump C -f+ |gzip > /tmp/061709.gz To dump information to a file without the gzip option: 1.
Backing up the iNEWS Database … Que 1 SHOW.MOSGWE Que 31840 SHOW.VID-ID Dir SHOW.SCRIPTWRITING Que SHOW.SCRIPTWRITING.ONE Que SHOW.SCRIPTWRITING.TWO Que SHOW.SCRIPTWRITING.THREE Que 5 SHOW.NEWSTARTEST Que ARCHIVE.SCRIPTS.2009 310 directories scanned 1684 queues dumped 3109046 stories dumped Ending Dump(1) Block(136), dumped on 2009-06-17 16:33:37 2.
5 Backing Up the iNEWS System 5. Then type the open command using the following format: open 49152 The numerical value at the end of the command line is the number for the port, which should be 49152. 6. Type so and press Enter. Then enter the system operator password when prompted. A message will appear to indicate whether the login was successful.
Backing up the iNEWS Database 7. Type cd /tmp to change to the /tmp directory. 8. Type binary to change to binary mode. 9. (Optional) You can list the directory contents to get the name of the file you want to transfer, by entering the command: ls -l 10.
5 Backing Up the iNEWS System The FTP command prompt will reappear in the window as a definitive indication that the transfer has finished. However, you can check the directory on the Windows PC for the presence of the file; it is created as soon as the transfer begins, and the size will continue to grow during the transfer process. n 68 The file will be much larger than the one shown in the example here, so the transfer can take a while to complete.
Backing up the iNEWS Database 11. Type bye to end the FTP session. 12. Type exit to exit the command prompt window. You are now ready to remove the temporary dump file. n While you can leave one or two in the /tmp folder temporarily, Avid recommends that no more than a couple of database dump files be kept at any given time. Removal of older dump files will help avoid running out of hard drive space on the server. 13.
5 Backing Up the iNEWS System A verification request appears: Do you really want to create a new archive? (n/y) If there is nothing on the tape that you want to save, type y to continue. A message similar to the following will appear: Starting track(1), block(0) 47 stories dumped Ending track(1), block(34) n When you back up a queue, dbdump ignores the queue’s skip flag, so you can use it to back up a queue or directory that has its skip flag enabled.
Restoring Data to the iNEWS Database Notes on Backing up the Database If you try to back up data to a write-protected tape on the Linux platform, you get a message similar to the following: NRCS-A# dbdump c Do you really want to create a new archive? (y/n) y Starting Dump(1) Block (0), dumped on Thur Jul15 ‘0:36:14: 2010 dumping isam user Please remove tape.
5 Backing Up the iNEWS System n You can use the dbrestore tdv command to verify that you can properly read a dbdump tape. Check free space before you restore large amounts of data to the database. Before you dbrestore stories or queues to your database from tape, ensure you have enough free space available to hold the restored stories. You can create free space using the dbserver command to empty out some of the Dead queue and add that space to the free list.
Restoring Data to the iNEWS Database When you restore a first-level directory to an existing directory, it acquires the traits of that directory. If dbrestore must create the directory, it uses database traits of the directory it is restoring. c If the new directory name is longer than the old one, there is a possibility that sub-directory names may become too long and cannot be restored.
5 Backing Up the iNEWS System Information similar to the following appears: Listing tape contents only! Type Stories Name Dir Que DEAD Dir SYSTEM Dir SYSTEM.KEYBOARDS ... Que 3 TEST.SMITH 3630 stories listed Each line in the list consists of three columns and identifies a directory or a queue that has been saved to the tape: • The Type column indicates whether the line lists information about a directory or a queue. Directories are identified by Dir and queues by Que.
Restoring Data to the iNEWS Database You can check to see what was dumped to a tape during a year by specifying just the year (YY). For instance, to list everything dumped in October 2009, type: dbrestore td -d 0910 A message similar to the following appears: Listing tape contents only! Type Stories Name Dir Dir SHOW.TODAY Que 34 SHOW.TODAY.SCRIPTS Que 3 SHOW.TODAY.RUNDOWNS Continuing with Dump(2) Block(0) Dumped Thu Jul15 10:30:19 2009 Dir SHOW.TODAY Que 27 SHOW.TODAY.
5 Backing Up the iNEWS System In the example, the tape contains two backups, one done on July 10, 2009, and another done on July 15, 2009. Searching a Tape You can retrieve individual stories from a tape by searching for a word contained in the story. The searchtape Command The searchtape command allows you to search through a tape looking for a specific word. Stories that contain that word are restored to the SYSTEM.SEARCHTAPE queue.
Restoring Data to the iNEWS Database Searching a Tape by Word(s) To search a tape by word(s), follow the searchtape command with the word for and the word(s) for which you want to search. Use this form of the command: searchtape for If you include more than one search word, the system searches for stories that contain any words for which you are searching. You can search for up to 20 words at a time with this command.
5 Backing Up the iNEWS System Dates must be in YYMMDD (year, month, day) or YYYYMMDD format, and single digit months and days must begin with a zero (for instance, April is 04). If you want to specify only a month or year, shorten the date format to YYMM or just YY. 2. Follow the second date with the word for and the word(s) for which you want to search.
Restoring Data to the iNEWS Database If you specify a maximum number, searchtape stops when that number of stories has been restored, or when all stories containing the text have been found—whichever comes first. To search a tape for the first 10 stories containing president, type: searchtape max 10 for president Anytime you specify more than 50 stories to restore, you are reminded that this could cause the system to run out of disk space.
5 Backing Up the iNEWS System At this message, dbserver is finished and you may proceed. You can run dbfree again to verify that you have enough space. Restoring the Database When a story being restored has more than 1,000 lines, the following message is displayed: Warning: Large story being restored. Queue: FUTURES.FEBRUARY Title: Size: "Senate Hearing" 1004 lines (approximate) Press to skip this story.
Backing up Software Create Minimal dbdump The entire structure of the database, along with your designated minimal set of queues, can be backed up, specifying the list of essential queues (or directories) to be backed up: NRCS-A# dbdump ci -d -n ...” n The -d option dumps the news directory skeleton but will not dump any stories. The -n option will dump the stories in any directories and/or queues specified. The i option will dump the isam files.
5 Backing Up the iNEWS System Likewise, when you make major changes to a site file, update the software backup to include these changes. For instance, if you add a new wireserver to your system, you define that workstation in the configuration file. This represents an important change to this site file so, after modifying this file, update your software backup tape. Backing up System Site Files Your system uses site files in combination with software taken from your release CD and update tapes.
6 Disconnects This chapter provides vital information to help you recover from a system disconnect.
6 Disconnects Normal System Status The displays will vary when the system is a triple system configuration. On a dual server system, the status command will show the system is AB, with both servers connected to each other. A display similar to the following will appear on server A: NRCS-A# status A is ONLINE and has been CONFIGURED. System is AB. ID is NRCS. Master is A. Disk status is OK. The database is OPEN. The system status is reported identically on both servers in the system.
Disconnects If a disconnect occurs, users may want to export the stories they are working on to local hard drives, in addition to normally saving them to the server. They can export stories by selecting File > Export Story. This will make a backup copy of the story on the local hard drive of their PC. Since they may be logged in to the server containing the non-master database that will be erased, this will give them a backup copy, which could be re-imported if necessary.
6 Disconnects On the Linux platform, the messages include detailed information from the driver (mp) that controls the mirroring: Jul 13 07:45:44 nrcs-a IO handler: B silent for 30 seconds Jul 13 07:45:44 nrcs-a IO handler: LINK TO B FAILED, DISCONNECTING B Jul 13 07:46:05 nrcs-a msg: 66 to server on computer A Jul 13 07:46:25 nrcs-a S508: [15028] monitor 508 508 Server - Hot-to-go Jul 13 07:46:25 nrcs-a S510: [15029] monitor 510 510 Server - Hot-to-go Jul 13 07:46:25 nrcs-a S238: [14998] seek 238 23
Disconnects Jul 13 07:46:25 nrcs-a disconnect: B COMPUTER DISCONNECTED In addition to console warning messages, a warning message is broadcast to all users currently logged in to the system via a popup window at the workstations. Types of Disconnect When the servers disconnect, one may disconnect from the other, or they may both disconnect from each other.
6 Disconnects Causes of Disconnects Servers are normally in constant communication with each other. When a story is saved, the server tries to mirror that change across to the other server’s database. If the server cannot contact the other server for a period of 30 seconds, it assumes the worst—that the other server has died and is not available and that as the surviving server it must be responsible for the entire system.
Disconnect Recovery In normal dual-server operation, half the devices and sessions are configured on one server and the other half are configured on the other server. The most important thing to do after a disconnect is to reconfigure the survivor so that it knows it must be responsible for all devices and sessions. You can then restart any network devices that were running on the failed server. n The steps are covered in more detail in the next section, “Procedures” on page 89.
6 Disconnects The databases on the machines are no longer mirrored. The only recourse is to choose one of the servers’ databases to become the master database. The database on the other server is wiped clean and then recopied from the master server. To export a story to a local hard drive: t Select File > Export Story. Users logged on to the failed server (B) are creating stories on a database that is going to be wiped clean.
Disconnect Recovery 4. Select the failed (disconnected) server on the console and use the diskclear command to wipe the database off the failed server. The display will look similar to the following (with what you type appearing in bold): ?# diskclear DANGER -- This program DESTROYS all information on this computer's data base.
6 Disconnects At this point, all devices and sessions are running on the survivor—that is, master computer—even the ones that normally run on the other, revived server. These devices, utility programs, and sessions eventually need to run in their normal place on the revived server. Schedule a time to log the users off and stop the servers and devices. At that time, run the following commands on the survivor: NRCS-A# offline NRCS-A# logout all NRCS-A# stop all 8. Reconfigure the system (survivor).
Disconnect Recovery Recovery Worksheet The following Disconnect Recovery table lists: • Commands involved with recovering from a disconnect • Whether the command is run on the failed server, survivor, or both servers • Offers a column where you can fill in the name (either A or B) of the server that fits that role (either survivor or failed) You may want to photocopy this table and write in names (letters) of your survivor and failed servers in the boxes for each step.
6 Disconnects Computer A/B survivor Commands to Run: offline logout all stop all configure both survivor AB Wait for the “system being configured” messages on both restart all online failed startup Be patient for the server to come up.
7 Troubleshooting This chapter provides information to help you recover from various kinds of system failures.
7 Troubleshooting iNEWS Workstation Problems This section explains common problems users might have during daily operations. Possible solutions appear after each problem. n A user who installs the client software, iNEWS Workstation, must have Administrator or Power User permission.
iNEWS Workstation Problems A message similar to the following should appear: Pinging nrcs-a [10.1.38.30] with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 10.1.38.30: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=255 Reply from 10.1.38.30: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=255 Reply from 10.1.38.30: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=255 C:\>; If you do not get replies, then the server is either down or a networking problem exists.
7 Troubleshooting The message returned when the workstation attempts to log in may give you a clue as to the problem. If no messages appear when the workstation tries to log in, then the workstation is not reaching the server. Use the workdebug command again to turn off debugging mode and stop the diagnostic messaging, by typing: NRCS-A$ workdebug silent A User Cannot Access an Item If a user cannot read or write stories in part of the database, he or she may not have permission to do so.
iNEWS Workstation Problems If a user is editing a story and the system crashes, or the user’s PC locks and needs to be rebooted, the edit lock placed on the story remains attached to the story. When the system comes back up or after the user logs back in, he or she might be unable to edit the story. The edit lock will prevent anyone from making changes to the story and users trying to open the story will get a story busy message. The story must be unbusied before any user can get back into it.
7 Troubleshooting Wire Problems This section explains common problems users might encounter with their wire ingests during daily operation. Data Receiver The Avid Data Receiver provides an Administration application that may be used to troubleshoot most issues related to ingesting wires to iNEWS using a Data Receiver instance. For more information, see the Avid Data Receiver Installation and Operations Manual.
How to Check Process Status (ps Command) If you have a persistently locked block, contact Avid. How to Check Process Status (ps Command) Occasionally, the support staff might ask you to run a few Linux commands to troubleshoot problems. One of the most common would be a request to check on the status of a process using the ps command. NRCS-A$ ps -ef The ps -ef command returns a list of all the processes currently running on the server.
7 Troubleshooting Power Failure If you experience a power failure, the servers will reboot. After they work their way back to the login prompt and you have logged in, the servers will not be named, they will be at the question mark-colon prompt. ?: If both servers went down at the same time, the databases will still be in mirror and they can be connected normally and started up: To connect and start up servers after a simultaneous power failure: 1.
Network Failure In the previous ping command examples, the number of ping requests sent would continue endlessly. To control the number of ping requests use a specific number to limit the number of requests. For instance, in the following examples, five ping requests will be attempted as noted by including the number 5 in the ping command. NRCS-A$ ping 5 152.165.17.
7 Troubleshooting iNEWS and FTS Connectivity (ftsdebug Command) For more information about Fast Text Search and its utility programs, see the iNEWS Newsroom Computer System Setup and Configuration Manual. The ftsdebug command can be used to verify communication between the iNEWS Servers and the two server (utility) programs related to Fast Text Search (FTS).
iNEWS and FTS Connectivity (ftsdebug Command) Parameter Description Limited to search only: adjust [-v] Compare FTS index for against database content and fix discrepancies. Used to bring indexing up-to-date. For instance, type: ftsdebug index adjust archives.2002 compare [-v] Compare FTS index for against database content.
7 Troubleshooting NRCS-A$ ftsdebug index stat NRCS-A$ ftsdebug s stat Program name: ftsidx.exe Program name: ftssch.exe Version: 3.1.0.2 FTS Version: 3.1.0.2 FTS Process id: 1172 Process id: 2024 Started: 06/17/10 09:00:52 Started: 06/17/10 09:00:52 Debug value: 0 Debug value: 0 Tuning: on Current Role: 1 Index Base: C:\FTS Index Base: C:\FTS Current Index: 029 Indexed Documents: 1386610 Requests Serviced: 57 Requests Serviced: 1669414 000 File sizes (KB): 499/440 508/1 713 1 Documents: 1
iNEWS and FTS Connectivity (ftsdebug Command) n If the ftsdebug command hangs, you can break out of it by pressing the Control and C keys (Ctrl+C).
7 Troubleshooting 108
A Command References Most of your system’s commands are special commands provided by Avid. The commands you are most likely to need are listed and explained in this appendix, along with examples. c Some available commands are meant to be used only by Avid technicians or under the supervision of Avid personnel. These commands may cause damage if used improperly. They are listed in this appendix on “Commands Used by Avid Personnel Only” on page 110.
Programs Invoked by iNEWS The following programs are invoked and used by your iNEWS system. Do not use them as commands. action ftsseek nxserver bio.conf gnews parallel bioserver ismessage rxnet boot keyword seek brand license server cgi-fcgi mailserver snews connect.sh monitor start copyright monserver txnet disconnect news webaccserver distribution newsmail workserver ftsindex NewsWeb.
Linux Commands Used in iNEWS dbcopy kwdcheck wordbreaks dbgen link workdebug dblinks msgdebug wxlate dblock netterm xi dbsize nsupgrade Linux Commands Used in iNEWS The following Linux commands are available in iNEWS. For further information, see the reference material that came with your Linux system. To obtain command syntax and other usage information, type the man command along with the command name.
Console Control Commands The table below lists available console control commands and their functions. Keyword Explanation bottom Moves you to the newest (bottom) line in the history. computer [computer-name(s) | *] Selects one or more of your system’s servers, so that you can type a command on the selected server(s). The command may be abbreviated: typing c or computer plus the computer name(s) of the servers you want to select will work.
Console Control Commands Keyword Explanation function-key-number= definition Assigns a command to a console function key. For instance, to assign the list s command to the F9 key, type f9=list s. To include Command and Enter keys in a function key definition, use braces. For instance, to include those keystrokes in the previous assignment example, type f9={list s}. To list the current assignment of a function key, type the key number by itself plus Enter on the command line. The valid range is f1-f14.
Keyword print Explanation [number-of-lines | all] Displays a number of lines of the history on the console screen. • print followed by a number displays that many lines of the history beginning at the current line. • print all displays everything from the current line to the newest line. • print with no parameter displays the current line. To cancel a print command while it is displaying console history, press any key.
Console Control Commands Keyword Explanation view Displays a DOS text file on your console screen. Use this command to look at old history that has been saved to disk or to read other disk files, such as the console configuration file. Before you type this command, use the zoom command to display only one server’s region on the console screen. (You can choose any server.) While you are viewing a file, you can only move down through it (as opposed to back or up in the file).
Console Server Commands You must enter commands in lowercase. Your system does not recognize commands entered in uppercase. broadcast broadcast [-dl | --] Sends a message to everyone logged in. The -d option will issue the broadcast in a popup window. The -l option will issue the broadcast only to those directly logged in to the local system, not through Community.
Console Server Commands connect connect [
You must be in superuser mode at the console to use the ctraits command. For instance: NRCS# ctraits WNWS suffix AB +m +o +i Option or Flag Description suffix The required suffix option defines the order in which the local system will contact the remote system's servers. The list is the combination of ABCD in the preferred order. For instance: ctraits suffix BA would first contact the remote system's B server, and then the A if B was unreachable.
Console Server Commands dbdev dbdev Reports the disk partitions in use and the number of blocks allocated for the database on each disk partition. To find out the size of your database, type: dbdev A message similar to the following appears /dev/rp5 0 60000 /dev/rp6 60001 120123 /dev/rp7 120124 999999 The numbers reported are the first and last blocks for each partition. The last number of the report (999,999 in the example above) is the size of the database.
Valid Options Description -a Use alternate device for dump -d Dump news directory skeleton (no stories) -f [file] Dump to file (use ‘+’ for standard output) -m Dump files modified in last x minutes -n Only dump listed directories -N Network dump to specified computer To dump everything except those directories marked with a skip flag, type: dbdump c To dump a queue to a new tape, add -n and the queue name to the command.
Console Server Commands Prior to the system being configured, there are two maintenance options that may used with the dbfree command. The format is dbfree [-cf]. The c option is used to check for cleared free blocks. The f option is used to “unclear” cleared free blocks. dblines dblines [b | c | f | n | q | s | v |+S|-S|-O] Checks the database for story errors.
If dblines finds any errors related to queue corruption, call Avid for assistance. dboriginal dboriginal [-a] Removes all old versions of stories in a queue to the freelist, so use it only on queues where you do not need to retain these old versions. For instance, to remove the old story versions in ARCHIVE.MARCH, type: dboriginal archive.march Use the dboriginal command to reclaim space when the system is low on space.
Console Server Commands Valid Keys Description - Condition used as parameter. Purges all queues with the default interval -v Condition used as parameter.
If your database is damaged, you can restore it from your backup tape by typing: dbrestore div When you use dbrestore, restoring large numbers of stories can cause a temporary out-of-space condition. Press Delete to stop a dbrestore in progress.
Console Server Commands dbrestore Command Key Options n -p Only with key letter s, will create queue -s sgi, mip, or sco You cannot use both the s and d options in the same command. Select one or the other; not both. Additionally, you must be a superuser to list ISAM files. dbserver dbserver Reclaims space from the Dead queue and places it on the free list. Use dbserver to build up the free list prior to periods of peak use.
If no quick-index field has been set for the queue, its stories are sorted by the value of the title field. If a sorted queue is ordered, the sorting is disabled. Using dbsort starts the sorting again. Only a superuser can sort queues with nonzero write groups. n Dbtraits will automatically sort a queue when the sort attribute is turned on with the +so option. An ordered queue is automatically sorted when the ordered attribute is turned off with the -o option. Use the -v option to verify the sort field.
Console Server Commands dbtraits Command Modes f Forms allowed g General i Inverted index Indexed o unorder (- only) p Printable q Queue operations allowed r Read access refresh Queue refresh s Sequential so Sorted t Text timing clocks u Update w Watch appends x Skip dbvisit dbvisit - -[r | m name] [-s] [block# …] dbvisit Command Options -d Display progress by printing dots -i Validate ISAM file record and key sizes -m Machine name to disconnect (for online
n The validation is a validation of ISAM key and record sizes to prevent problems after software upgrades when the key and/or record sizes of any ISAM files changed for the new software release. Scans the database for errors, then rebuilds the free list and fixes bad story-link counts. A list of block numbers can be specified, as shown by the [block# …] parameter above. A diagnostic is printed whenever dbvisit encounters one of the specified blocks, which is helpful for tracking down database corruption.
Console Server Commands dictionary dictionary [-update] | ... Any combination of dictionary names and dictionary directories can be specified. For each directory specified, all dictionaries within that directory will be compared to their standard dictionary counterpart. Only missing and obsolete dictionary tokens are identified; definitions are not compared. The standard dictionary name begins with a pound sign (#) and is expected to reside in the same directory.
diskcopy diskcopy -[<# of simultaneous copies>] diskcopy [] Copies database from master computer (usually server A) to a replacement computer. Enter it on the replacement server. doc To get text from database use: doc -gt[u] [slug...] or: doc -gts[u] To get NSML from database use: doc -g[2] [slug...] or: doc -gs[2] If no slugs are given, the entire queue is done. The slug must be one word or enclosed in quotes.
Console Server Commands ed ed This command initiates the line editor used to edit text files. Since each server has its own copy of each site file, always select all servers before editing a site file. Procedures for using this line editor are covered in “The Line Editor, ed” on page 291. The line editor is a Linux-supplied program; refer to Linux documentation for more information. enter This command creates directories or queues.
grpcheck grpcheck [-v] This command validates groups and aliases defined in each of the stories in the group directory (SYSTEM.GROUP by default). It then builds the alias file used by iNEWS. grpcheck Command Options -v Display processing status as grpcheck traverses the queue. -vv Display processing status as well as group, user, and alias statistics encountered. -vvv Display messages from -v and -vv, as well as the final list of groups and their members.
Console Server Commands help help Displays information on how to use other commands. For instance, to get instructions for the list command, type: help list A message similar to the following appears: usage: list configuration [ | ...] list directory [...] list terminal [ | ...] list user [...] list queue [] hogs hogs [] Scans the directories or queues you specify and displays usage information for them.
As indicated by the pound sign (#) in the prompt, you must be in superuser mode to execute commands. Also, you must use 24-hour time. idiff idiff This command allows you interactively compare two files and select and/or edit the portions of the files that differ and create a composite file. The program displays the differing portions of two files and gives you the option to put the portion from the first file or the second file into the output file.
Console Server Commands n The flags= directory option allows the use of directory flags from the set SRP(p/l)opLIsUGQ(O/N/A)XWFi to be used to select the directory entries to be listed. To see all indexed directory entries use: list flags=i d. To see all sequential, read-only, and printable directory entries use: list flags=SRP d. form= n The form= directory option matches the directory entry queue form and story form names.
-s stamp -v verbose Session Modifiers -p process id -(v|V) workstation IP address (V - don’t resolve) User Options blacklist=(b | -) keyboard= localonly=(l | -) password= readrate= session= simplified=(s | -) su=(n | -) created>date1date1date1
Console Server Commands list B Lists details of the “system blobs” stored on the server. System blobs are used to store bitmaps for the title-entry tool and for the simplified user interface settings.
list C Lists Community configuration information, including system names and server suffixes. NRCS-A$ list C SYSTEM SUFFIX moi GROUP NRCSWX AB -oi - NRCS-UK AB moi - TESTDB A moi sysops NRCS-A$ list C Information Description SUFFIX The suffix is the order in which the remote systems are contacted. m Messaging is enabled. o Outgoing is enabled. i Incoming is enabled. GROUP The group is the group name allowed to see the associated server.
Console Server Commands list d list [
For search queues, this command displays an S in the first column and the name of the search queue in the final column, such as: # list d news.football SRPlo-LIsUGQSXWFiT sortfield purge dis mbox directory S------I---------- TITLE P3.0 D1 - !NEWS.FOOTBALL list g list g [] ... Lists group information. list p list p [-u] list project [ | ] [-u] [ | ] Lists projects and facets.
Console Server Commands NRCS-A# list p -u 161a2017-5cb9-4d41-bb51-9494d4151e5d start expire rg name P - - - Elections F - - - Governor's Race F - - - US HOUSE Races F - - - US Senate Race F - - - US President's Race F - - - State Legislature Races F - - - REFERENDUMS Projects are indicated by a P, while F indicates a facet, and a question mark represents projects or facets that belong to other systems and therefore cannot be used by the current system.
Here is another example of the list p command: NRCS-A# list p start 142 expire rg name ? - - - BP Payout ? - - - P - - - F - - - MOST WANTED F - - - Local F - - - STATE F - - - Federal P - - - EDUCATION F - - - COLLEGES & UNIVERSITIES F - - - SCHOOL BOARD F - - - ELEMENTARY or HIGH SCHOOL F - - - HOME SCHOOLING P - - - ENVIRONMENTAL P - - - Financial F - - - Holiday Sales F - - - Stock market F - - - Taxes F - - - Consumer Tips F -
Console Server Commands list q list [
list s list s -[p | v] [ | ]... Lists session information, such as users currently logged in. The -p option causes the process id for the controlling session process to be printed. The -v option causes the IP address for the session to be printed if the session is a network session, such as an iNEWS Workstation. list sq list sq [-v] [] Lists the specified search queue’s query ID. The -v option displays the search queue’s query as well.
Console Server Commands The flags (rr kb su m SOEKCVH sc) in the header provide current status information.
n When using angled brackets (>,<)in an option, as shown above, they must be enclosed within quotation marks. The same applies to characters, such as the exclamation point (!) and asterisk (*), as shown below. list user “a*” Lists all users whose login names begin with the letter ‘a’. logout logout [] ... logout all Logs out a workstation. When you use logout, it saves the user’s work before logging out his or her workstation. This command does not log out users in a connect session.
Console Server Commands makeshift (Super user only) makeshift -[v|i|a|p|r|f ] file1 file2 ... Manages the case-shifting dictionary that iNEWS uses to determine how to convert lowercase characters to their uppercase counterparts, and vice-versa. Use the makeshift command in maintenance mode when you install iNEWS to implement the case-shifting dictionary appropriate for the national language used at your site. makeshift Command Options v Verbose.
maketab (Superuser only) maketab -i[sv] maketab Command Options s Standard translations v Verbose output Use this command after making changes to the dictionaries (or before the system is connected) to build the new translations into programs. To use this command, become a superuser and type: maketab -i n For maketab, the dictionary definitions are installed into the following programs: /exc/news, /exc/gnews, /exc/snews, /exc/nxserver, and /exc/newsmail.
Console Server Commands n When using characters, such as angled brackets (>,<), the pound sign (#), exclamation point (!) and asterisk (*), they must be enclosed within quotation marks. Type help msgclean at the console to view msgclean options at any time. Removing Messages Sent to Existing or Non-Exiting Users The msgclean command removes messages to existing users as well as non-existing users.
When msgclean -t is used with the -a option, information is provided showing which users have messages in a tabular format. NRCS-A# msgclean -t -a 50 loyd 77 messages older than 50 days jones 3 messages older than 50 days halls 10 messages older than 50 days smith 23 messages older than 50 days ... 147 messages older than 50 days. 147 total qualifying messages.
Console Server Commands Display or Remove Messages from a Specific User The -f option can be used to display or remove all messages from a specific user. The username is case sensitive and literal, meaning wildcards cannot be used. The following example first identifies the number of messages sent from ‘monitor’ to ‘avid’, removes them, and then confirms the removal: NRCS-A$ msgclean -tf monitor avid avid 496 messages from monitor 496 total qualifying messages.
offline offline [silent] Puts iNEWS offline. Users cannot log in, but users already on the system can continue normal function. The silentoption suppresses diagnostics for network connections that are refused because the system is offline. Both nxserver and workserver typically generate these diagnostics. The datastamp generator, server timer, includes an indication that the system is offline in the timestamp messages produced on the console.
Console Server Commands This command converts numbers from one base (such as decimal) to another (such as octal). For instance, to convert decimal 32, type: otod 32 A message similar to the following appears: h(0x20) o(040) d(32) u(32) SP 32.0.0.0 Wed Dec 31 16:00:32 1969 In this listing, h stands for hexadecimal, o for octal, d for decimal, and u for unsigned decimal. The number conversions are followed by the corresponding ASCII character (space, in this case), and the date value. The 32.0.0.
reconnect reconnect [
Console Server Commands Renames any directory or queue in the database. You must become superuser, take the system offline, and log out all users before using rename.When you use this command, the system must be named and offline. For instance, to rename the People directory to PEOPLE.STAFF, type: rename people people.staff The command creates any new directory levels that are necessary.
searchtape searchtape [on ] [from to ] [] for … searchtape [on ] [just ] [] for … Use one of the following date formats: YY, YYMM, YYMMDD, or CCYYMMDD. Searches a tape created by the dbdump command and recovers stories from it. Stories that contain a word specified in your search are restored to the queue SYSTEM.SEARCHTAPE.
Console Server Commands shutdown shutdown c Typing this command while users are editing may cause data loss. Stops all devices and closes the database. It is used before halting the system. To use this command, you must first select all servers and log everyone off the system. sitedump (Superuser only) sitedump [-d | -f] [-ehv] Makes backups of your system’s site files. sitedump Command Options -d is the name of a tape device. The actual device name used will be /dev/.
siterestore Command Options -d is the name of a tape device. The actual device name used will be /dev/. The default is /dev/tape. -f is the name of a file to use as the archive. -e Eject tape when done. -h Help - show usage information. -t Show table of contents; no files are restored. -v Verbose ... Only the named files are restored. If a directory is specified, all files in the directory will be restored.
Console Server Commands A message similar to the following appears: A is online ID is NRCS System is AB. Master is A. Disk status is UNKNOWN To list system options set in the system profile, type: status all To list the system’s license information, type: status license stop stop c [-v] all | If you stop a device when a user is editing on the device, data could be lost. Stops activity on a server prior to shutting it down.
unbusy unbusy [-i] Removes edit and order locks from the specified queue in your database. The -i option allows you to ignore the inverted database trait. c If a user is actually working in the file, removing the lock could cause data loss.
Console Server Commands Sets a user’s traits. For instance, to assign keyboard 12 to user Jones, type: utraits jones keyboard 12 The can be “all”, a pattern, or a user name. You can enclose the real name in quotation marks to allow for embedded spaces. Use “*” to indicate wildcards. For instance, “a*” applies to all users with names starting with the letter A.
You can also use this command to display a particular program’s version number. Type version followed by the program’s name. For instance, to find out which version of the dbsort program you are using, type: version dbsort A message similar to the following appears: dbsort: 3.0.0.238 RH5 wholockedit wholockedit [all] Displays who locked a story. For instance, to find out who locked a story in PEOPLE.SMITH, type: wholockedit people.
Job List Commands Job List Commands The following section provides a list of commands that can be used in a job list, which is created and modified in the database. The command’s format and description are provided, followed by a list of servers that can utilize the command in their job lists. at at Specifies the time of day when a task will take place. You can combine this instruction with the keyword on to specify both the day and time for the task. Applies to action servers and tx links.
dup dup [] Copies the stories in the scan queue to a queue you specify, optionally including a distribution code with them. Applies to action servers and tx links. every every Specifies the interval at which a task is performed. You can set this value in days and/or hours. Applies to action servers and tx links. extension extension Applies to tx links.
Job List Commands ignore-del ignore-del Causes a server to take no action when a story is deleted from its scan queue. Applies to action servers and tx links. n This option is not reset for each scan/bscan command set. Use send-del to restore processing of deleted queue entries. local local Specifies the primary wire queue. Applies to parallel servers. mailto mailto ... Mails the story as an e-mail text message to each recipient.
on on ... Indicates on which days of the week a time-interval task will occur. You can combine this instruction with the at keyword to indicate both day and time. Applies to action servers and tx links. open open [ [ []]] Initiates a network connection to a remote system for story transfer. The username you specify must exist with identical passwords on both the local and remote systems. Applies to tx links.
Job List Commands poll poll [ []] Reads stories in the specified primary queue in a forward direction at certain intervals for a specified duration. Polling is used in conjunction with the put or dup commands for rundown mirroring. Stories with modified times greater than the time of the last scan are processed. If an interval and duration are not specified, a single scan of the primary queue will be done.
remove remove Deletes stories from the scan queue. It must be the last instruction in a job list task. Applies to action servers and tx links. replace replace [] Works like the dup command, except that it updates stories in the destination queue only when they are already present in the destination queue. It does not add new stories to the destination queue. Applies to action servers and tx links.
Dialog Commands sendform sendform Instructs the Tx link to transmit the full form text of each story, rather than just the story’s form name. Applies to tx links. source source Specifies a queue that a distribution or keyword server should check each time it wakes up. Each task in a job list for such a server must begin with a source line. Applies to the distribution and keyword servers. validate validate Activates form field validation for a server.
Translating characters is called mapping, and there are three commands (map, mapin, and mapout) that allow you to do this. While these commands are also available to users, system administrators will usually use them in dialogs to set up the translations for users rather than leave it for users to do after they have connected. capture capture Places a copy of all text received from the remote connection during a session in a story into the queue you specify.
Dialog Commands To see what happens during just one part of a dialog, bracket that portion of the dialog with diag on and diag off commands. echo echo [on | off] Turns local echo on or off. Turn on local echo in any dialog used to connect to a device or information service that does not echo back what the user enters. This way, the user can see what he or she is entering. To turn on local echo, place echo on in the dialog where you want local echo turned on.
To use the expect command, follow it with the character—that is, —you want to use as the delimiter to separate each string in the list. The delimiter can be any character. Follow this with the first string you want expect to wait for. Then add a delimiter and the string you want expect to send if it does not receive the first string. You can add as many strings as you want. For instance, some devices may not display a login: prompt unless you press Enter.
Dialog Commands mapin mapin Translates a specific character (remote character) received from the device to which you are connected to another character (local character). This translation affects only characters received from the device to which you are connected. It has no effect on the character when you enter it.
To use pass, place it in the dialog where you want to yield control to the user and follow it with a character you want the user to enter to resume the dialog. When the user enters this character, pass sends it to the device and then resumes the dialog, preventing further user input. For instance, suppose you have a dialog that logs you into an information service. For security reasons, you want the dialog to pause at the password prompt, let you enter the password, and then resume.
Dialog Commands To use timer, follow it with the number of seconds you want it to count and the string you want it to display if that period of time elapses. For instance, you may want to use the timer command so it terminates the session if the dialog is unable to log in within 60 seconds. When a pass command is active, an active timer command suspends counting. When pass command finishes, timer command resumes counting.
B System Files This appendix contains samples of system files you are most likely to reference or change: • /etc/hosts • /site/config • /site/system • console.cfg • SYSTEM.CLIENT.WINDOWS • SYSTEM.CONFIGURE.301-ACTION • SYSTEM.MAP • SYSTEM.RESOURCE • SYSTEM.WIRES.DISTRIBUTION • SYSTEM.WIRES.KEYWORDS • SYSTEM.WIRES.KEYWORDS-AP • SYSTEM.WIRES.
B System Files /etc/hosts # Do not remove the following line, or various programs # that require network functionality will fail. 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost # iNEWS Servers 123.123.123.95 nrcs-a1 a1 nrcs-a1.local 123.123.123.96 nrcs-b1 b1 nrcs-b1.local 10.1.1.1 nrcs-a a nrcs-a.local 10.1.1.2 nrcs-b b nrcs-b.local # FTS 123.123.123.
/site/config /site/config ; Avid iNEWS Configuration host ab a servers 201 ;mail servers 211 ;keyword servers 231 233 235 237 239 ;seek servers 241 ;ftsindex servers 251 253 255 257 259 261 263 265 267 269 ;action servers 271 273 275 277 279 281 283 285 287 289 ;monitor servers 291 293 295 297 299 301 303 305 307 309 ;monitor servers 311 313 315 317 319 ;monitor servers 321 323 325 327 329 ;txnet servers 331 333 335 337 339 341 343 345 347 349 ;rxnet servers 351 353 355 35
B System Files servers 212 ;keyword servers 232 234 236 238 240 ;seek servers 242 ;ftsindex servers 252 254 256 258 260 262 264 266 268 270 ;action servers 272 274 276 278 280 282 284 286 288 290 ;monitor servers 292 294 296 298 300 302 304 306 308 310 ;monitor servers 312 314 316 318 320 ;monitor servers 322 324 326 328 330 ;txnet servers 332 334 336 338 340 342 344 346 348 350 ;rxnet servers 352 354 356 358 360 362 364 366 368 370 ;rxnet servers 372 374 376 378 380 382 384
/site/config servers 271:320 ;monitor servers 321:330 ;txnet servers 331:390 ;rxnet reslist 391:400 ;console reslist 401 402 ;webaccess reslist 501:540 ;inws reslist 601 602 ;wireservers reslist 701:710 ;WebClient reslist 711:720 ;Instinct reslist 801:810 ;Community reslist 901:905 ;API b b servers 201 ;mail servers 211 212 ;keyword servers 231:240 ;seek servers 241 242 ;fts servers 251:270 ;action servers 271:320 ;monitor servers 321:330 ;txnet serve
B System Files reslist 711:720 ;Instinct reslist 801:810 ;Community reslist 901:905 ;API ; ; SERVERS ; ; ;GENERAL ; server 201 mailserver 201 - ; server 211 keyword 211 - ; server 212 keyword 212 - ; server 231 seek 231 - ; server 232 seek 231 - ; server 233 seek 231 - ; server 234 seek 231 - ; server 235 seek 231 - ; server 236 seek 231 - ; server 237 seek 231 - ; ; ; KEYWORD ; ; ; SEEK ; 182
/site/config server 238 seek 231 - ; server 239 seek 231 - ; server 240 seek 231 - ; ;server 241 ftsindex 241 - ;FTSINDEX ;server 242 ftsseek 242 - ;FTSSEEK server 251 action 251 - ;Phones server 252 action 252 - ;Shredder server 253 server 254 action 254 - ;Auto archive server 255 action 255 - ; server 256 action 256 - ; server 257 action 257 - ; server 258 action 258 - ; server 259 action 259 - ; server 260 action 260 -
B System Files server 266 action 266 - ; server 267 action 267 - ; server 268 action 268 - ; server 269 action 269 - ; server 270 action 270 - ; 271 monitor 271 - server 272 ;show.training.
/site/config server 288 monitor 288 - ; server 289 monitor 289 - ; server 290 monitor 290 - ; server 291 monitor 291 - ; server 292 monitor 292 - ; server 293 monitor 293 - ; server 294 monitor 294 - ; server 295 monitor 295 - ; server 296 monitor 296 - ; server 297 monitor 297 - ; server 298 monitor 298 - ; server 299 monitor 299 - ; server 300 monitor 300 - ; server 301 monitor 301 - ; server 302 monitor 302 - ; ser
B System Files server 314 monitor 314 - ; server 315 monitor 315 - ; server 316 monitor 316 - ; server 317 monitor 317 - ; server 318 monitor 318 - ; server 319 monitor 319 - ; server 320 monitor 320 - ; server 321 txnet 321 - ; server 322 txnet 322 - ; server 323 txnet 323 - ; server 324 txnet 324 - ; server 325 txnet 325 - ; server 326 txnet 326 - ; server 327 txnet 327 - ; server 328 txnet 328 - ; server 329 txne
/site/config server 333 rxnet - - ; server 334 rxnet - - ; server 335 rxnet - - ; server 336 rxnet - - ; server 337 rxnet - - ; server 338 rxnet - - ; server 339 rxnet - - ; server 340 rxnet - - ; server 341 rxnet - - ; server 342 rxnet - - ; server 343 rxnet - - ; server 344 rxnet - - ; server 345 rxnet - - ; server 346 rxnet - - ; server 347 rxnet - - ; server 348 rxnet - - ; server 349 rxnet - - ; serve
B System Files 188 server 359 rxnet - - ; server 360 rxnet - - ; server 361 rxnet - - ; server 362 rxnet - - ; server 363 rxnet - - ; server 364 rxnet - - ; server 365 rxnet - - ; server 366 rxnet - - ; server 367 rxnet - - ; server 368 rxnet - - ; server 369 rxnet - - ; server 370 rxnet - - ; server 371 rxnet - - ; server 372 rxnet - - ; server 373 rxnet - - ; server 374 rxnet - - ; server 375 rxnet - - ;
/site/config server 385 rxnet - - ; server 386 rxnet - - ; server 387 rxnet - - ; server 388 rxnet - - ; server 389 rxnet - - ; server 390 rxnet - - ; ; ; NETWORK CONSOLE CONNECTS ; resource 391 console - ; resource 392 console - ; resource 393 console - ; resource 394 console - ; resource 395 console - ; resource 396 console - ; resource 397 console - ; resource 398 console - ; resource 399 console - ; resource 400 console
B System Files ; inws 501:540 - gnews - ; ; ;DATA RECEIVER wireserver 601 news AP - ;Associated Press wireserver 602 news EM - ;E-Mail gnews - ; gnews - ; ; ; ;WEB CLIENT RESOURCES ; webclient 701:710 - ; ;iNEWS INSTINCT RESOURCES ; aiws 711:720 - ; ;INWS (COM and RSEARCH) SESSIONS 190 cinws 801:810 - gnews - ; Community api 901:905 - gnews - ;API
/site/system /site/system id=NRCS net=AB lowwater=5000 highwater=6250 load=5 pausetimeout=0:05 purgelimit=5 ; ; defaults - if parameter not present these values are assumed ; unless overridden on the command line.
B System Files console.
console.
B System Files SYSTEM.CLIENT.WINDOWS n Either IP address or network card information is acceptable; IP address is preferable. 125.1.100.1 ;02608cdbe7a2 ns001 big table 125.1.100.2 ;02608cd95e7e ns002 brock 07 125.1.100.3 ;02608c7e178e ns003 nydam 16 125.1.100.4 ;02608c7e67aa ns004 lockett 38 02608c7e519f ;ns005 michel 87 02608c7e1790 ;ns006 thibault 22 02608c7e51a8 ;ns007 ries 04 02608c7e6c01 ;ns008 lucas 57 125.1.100.9 ;02608c7e52c6 ns009 christensen 48 125.1.100.
SYSTEM.CONFIGURE.301-ACTION SYSTEM.CONFIGURE.301-ACTION scan system.shredder remove scan system.cables.master dup system.cables.groups dup system.cables.cable# dup system.cables.device_type scan phones.airports dup scan phones.*all phones.business dup scan phones.*all phones.fire dup scan phones.*all phones.government.federal dup scan phones.*all phones.government.local dup scan phones.*all phones.government.state dup scan phones.*all phones.hospitals dup scan phones.*all phones.
B System Files SYSTEM.
SYSTEM.MAP ; Show: Training (use monitor # 320) - CONTROL AIR EXAMPLE (TWO SERVERS) ;show.mornings.rundown ;casvr ca-video ; video ;casvr ca-cg ; cg show.
B System Files SYSTEM.
SYSTEM.
B System Files ; SPORTS cg nl 950 - 10 ;national league cg al 951 - 10 ;american league cg nfl 952 - 10 ;nfl cg cf 953 - 10 ;college football cg nba 954 - 10 ;nba cg cbb 955 - 10 ;college basketball cg nhl 956 - 10 ;nhl cg prep 957 - 16 ;high school cg scr 960 - 4 ;score lower third ;; Anchors/Reporters 200 cg sa 104 - 0 ; steve aveson cg salv 105 - 0 ; steve aveson live cg sasky 107 - 0 ; steve aveson skycam
SYSTEM.WIRES.DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM.WIRES.DISTRIBUTION AP#medc2## wires.medsource AP#env#### wires.environmental AP######a# wires.national AP######c# wires.features AP######d# wires.summaries AP######e# wires.features AP######f# wires.business AP######g# wires.state/regional AP######h# wires.summaries AP######i# wires.international AP######j# wires.state/regional AP######m# wires.farm AP######n# wires.state/regional AP######o# wires.weather AP######p# wires.
B System Files AP######w# wires.national AP######## wires.unknown AP######## wires.ap ALWAYS AP######## wires.all ALWAYS URGENT NC######u# wires.advisory.priority NC######## wires.all NC######## wires.newschannel NC######## wires.all ALWAYS URGENT AP######q# sports.wires AP######s# sports.wires SYSTEM.WIRES.KEYWORDS * AP system.wires.keywords-ap wires.keywords system.wires.keywords-ap2 wires. * UP * system.wires.keywords-others 202 wires.
SYSTEM.WIRES.KEYWORDS-AP SYSTEM.WIRES.KEYWORDS-AP destination atlanta atlanta destination rape rape destination braves braves destination carter carter destination tuscaloosa tuscaloosa and football destination xgr xgr destination medsource medc2 or medstar destination gingrich gingrich destination space (space AND shuttle) OR (shuttle AND columbia) or (shuttle AND atlantis) shuttle AND discovery destination drugs crack AND cocaine destination air-safety crash and plane OR ntsc or n.
B System Files destination guns guns or weapons or nra SYSTEM.WIRES.
C Standard Dictionaries This appendix defines and explains contents of standard dictionaries as they are installed on your iNEWS newsroom computer system. Reference this information when modifying dictionary contents.
C Standard Dictionaries Using Dictionaries to Define Messages and Commands Most commands, messages, and many queues your iNEWS newsroom computer system uses are defined in dictionaries. Your system has a number of these dictionaries, each defining a particular group of commands, messages, or words, such as: the names of all commands are defined in the ccucmds dictionary. Many messages your system uses are defined in the ccumsgs dictionary.
Using Dictionaries to Define Messages and Commands Standard Name Translation W_START /ON Each translation is preceded by a slash (/). In commands, the translation represents the minimum a user must enter to execute the command. The translations may be more than one word long, but the dictionaries have limited space, so keep each translation as short as possible. As a rule, make translations just long enough to be unique from any other translation.
C Standard Dictionaries Customizing Dictionaries Your system’s dictionaries are text files stored in the /site/dict directory. Because they are text files, you can change any dictionary translation using ed, the line editor, at the console. Changing Default Dictionary Values As an example of how to modify a dictionary translation, change the enter directory and enter queue commands to make directory and make queue.
Customizing Dictionaries 6. Type w (lowercase w) to save your changes to disk and type q to quit edit. w 1826 q To change a default dictionary value, do the following: 1. Edit the dictionary file. See the previous procedure. 2. Type a message like the following: NRCS-A: broadcast System going down at 1:55 pm. Please log out. 3. Type offline to bring the system offline. This will prevent users from logging in. 4. At the designated time, type list s to see whether anyone is still logged in.
C Standard Dictionaries If a set of dictionaries exceeds the amount of space allotted, a message similar to the following appears: Table space exceeded by 14 characters No modifications done! Restoring Dictionary Defaults You can restore original dictionary default translations without editing the dictionary again. Original dictionary files are stored in the /site/dict directory and have a pound symbol (#) prefix, such as #mcs.
Utility Messages Dictionary (/site/dict/messages) Utility Messages Dictionary (/site/dict/messages) The /site/dict/messages dictionary holds a number of utility messages displayed in utility programs used by the iNEWS newsroom computer system including messages usually displayed when a user is building a form or creating a keyboard story. A few console messages are also included in this dictionary.
C Standard Dictionaries • Validation (Action) Server • Seek Server Messages • Last Login Messages • Print Server Messages • dbtraits Messages • Save Error (Workstation) Messages DBServer Program Messages Standard Name Translation M_NOSPACE /2NO SPACE IN SYSTEM M_LOWSPACE /1SYSTEM LOW ON SPACE Disconnect Program Messages Standard Name Translation M_DISCONNECT /2COMPUTER DISCONNECTED Category and Keyword Check Program Messages 212 Standard Name Translation M_NODEST /No destinatio
Utility Messages Dictionary (/site/dict/messages) Standard Name (Continued) Translation M_PURGEZERO /Queue is never purged M_SYSERROR /System error M_CATLONG /Category code word too long M_CATBAD /Category code word invalid M_CATMAX /Too many category codes M_CATFORM /Illegal category format M_CATHIDE /Hidden category M_KWDLONG /Keyword too long M_KWDMAX /Too many keywords M_EXPMAX /Too many expressions M_WNOTLAST /Default keyword list must be last M_SYNERROR /Syntax error M_MISSI
C Standard Dictionaries Standard Name (Continued) Translation M_KEYLONG /Keyboard description contains too many characters M_KEYREP /Warning: a key definition contains a repeating function M_KEYFUNKY /Warning: badly placed @ exists in key definition line M_KEYOK /Keyboard ok M_KEYBAD /Keyboard NOT usable M_COMPUTER /Computer Keyboard Check Program Messages for Macros 214 Standard Name Translation M_MACRO /%s macro #%d: M_NOLOCATE /could not locate "%c%d" M_BADMEMORY /memory allocatio
Utility Messages Dictionary (/site/dict/messages) Standard Name (Continued) Translation M_TWODEFS /duplicate macro definition: M_LONESTATE /isolated keyboard state: M_DISTRIBUTE /%s does not distribute M_EMPTY /empty macro M_NUMKEYNOSHIFT /Shifted numeric keypad 0 - 9 keys cannot be assigned macros M_STDHELP /Warning: "Help" key redefined: M_STDCELLEDIT /Warning: "Edit Cell" key redefined: M_STDFINDNEXT /Warning: "Find Next" key redefined: M_STDEXIT /Warning: "Exit" key redefined: M_STD
C Standard Dictionaries 216 Standard Name (Continued) Translation M_GRPBADGRP /Invalid name follows word "group" M_GRPBADDEV /Not a workstation device M_GRPERRSKIP /Group or alias word missing.
Utility Messages Dictionary (/site/dict/messages) Standard Name (Continued) Translation M_GRPSOSO /GROUPS story accepted, with errors M_GRPNOSOUSER /Lookup of "so" user in passwd file failed. M_GRPCHOWNFAILED /Could not change ownership of mail alias file.
C Standard Dictionaries Seek Server Messages n 218 Seek Server Messages are also used by ftsseek.
Queues Dictionary (/site/dict/queues) Last Login Messages Standard Name Translation M_LASTLOG /Last Login M_ONDEVICE /on device Print Server Messages Standard Name Translation M_PRINT_BUSY /Printer is OFFLINE dbtraits Messages Standard Name Translation M_CHANGE_GROUP /1Group, form, order, or sortfield changed. Save Error (Workstation) Messages Standard Name Translation M_SAVE_ERROR /Error: Story saved in M_NO_SAVE /Error: Story could not be saved.
C Standard Dictionaries Queues in this dictionary are used by functions within Media Browse. For instance, the seek command uses whatever queue translation is given to Q_SEEK, which is SYSTEM.SEEK by default. Like other dictionaries, the standard name is in uppercase and must not be changed. The translation can be in lowercase, but appears in uppercase on the screen. Queue names and their standard translations are shown in the following Queues Dictionary table.
Queues Dictionary (/site/dict/queues) Standard Name (Continued) Translation Q_HOME /notes Q_INDEX /system.index Q_INTERPLAY /system.interplay Q_KEYBOARDS /system.keyboards Q_KEYWORDS /system.wires.keywords Q_LISTS /system.lists Q_MAIL /mail Q_MAILERROR /system.mail.error Q_MAILOUT /system.mail.out Q_MESSAGE /system.message Q_MMAP /system.map Q_MOS_MAP /system.mos-map Q_MRESOURCE /system.resource Q_NODEST /system.unknown Q_POST_TO_WEB /system.post-to-web Q_SCRIPT /system.
C Standard Dictionaries Standard Name (Continued) Translation Q_WEBPUB_FORMS /system.webforms Words Dictionary (/site/dict/words) The Words dictionary contains translations for a variety of miscellaneous words used by the system. For instance, words regarding priority (such as flash and silent) or print options (such as story and script) are included. Standard names are in uppercase and must not be changed.
Words Dictionary (/site/dict/words) Standard Name (Continued) Translation Special Words for Find W_AND /and W_NOT /not W_ANDNOT /andnot W_OR /or W_ALL /all Print Command Options W_STORY /story W_SCRIPT /script W_RUNDOWN /rundown W_DIRECTORY /directory W_ON /on W_PRINT /print W_DAYS /SunMonTueWedThuFriSat You can change these translations only once. If you make a mistake, or want to change them again, you must extract the news program from the release CD first.
C Standard Dictionaries Standard Name (Continued) Translation W_SLOW /slow Words relating to FTS Server W_INDEXBASE /C:/FTS W_BINDFTSI /ftsserver:6100 W_BINDFTSS ftsserver:6101 Miscellaneous Options W_DEFAULT_FORM /default_form W_WEBACC_FORM /access_form W_WEBPUB_FORM /publish_form W_LOGTYPES /C W_DEST /destination W_RESULTS_FORM /search-results W_START /ON W_OFF /OFF W_YES /yes W_NO /no W_GROUP /group W_ALIAS /alias W_ANYSTR /- W_BLANKSTR /+ W_RESTRICTED /restricted
Keyboard Macros Dictionary (/site/dict/keymacros) Keyboard Macros Dictionary (/site/dict/keymacros) The keyboard macros dictionary contains names of keyboard keys for use in keyboard macro definitions for the iNEWS newsroom computer system. Like other dictionaries, the standard name is in uppercase and must not be changed. Translations can be in lowercase, uppercase, or mixed case.
C Standard Dictionaries Standard Name (Continued) Translation K_KP8 /kp8 K_KP9 /kp9 K_INSERT /insert K_HOME /home K_PAGEUP /pageup K_PAGEDOWN /pagedown K_DELETE /delete K_END /end K_UP /up K_DOWN /down K_LEFT /left K_RIGHT /right K_SHIFT /shift K_CTRL /ctrl K_ALT /alt K_TAB /tab K_ESC /esc K_BACKSPACE /backspace K_ENTER /enter K_PAUSE /pause K_REPEAT /repeat K_SPACE /space K_WINDOW /window n 226 The K_WINDOW token replaces the former syntax [
Case-shifting Dictionary (/site/dict/shift) Case-shifting Dictionary (/site/dict/shift) The Case-shifting dictionary maps lowercase characters to their uppercase counterparts and vice versa. Media Browse shifts the case of a character according to its decimal value in a standard character conversion table. The dictionary has two parts: • The first part, labeled with the keyword tolower, maps decimal values of uppercase characters to the decimal values of their lowercase counterparts.
C Standard Dictionaries In the default dictionary shipped with iNEWS newsroom computer system, a character at a decimal position in the range on the left of the arrow (->) shifts to the character at the corresponding decimal position in the range on the right.
MCS Dictionary (/site/dict/mcs) If character mappings specified in these standard character-conversion tables are not appropriate for the language you are using, edit the /site/dict/shift file to remap character conversions. You can map ranges of values (as shown in the default dictionary file) or you can map values one by one, if necessary. When editing the dictionary file, follow these guidelines: • Ensure all keywords (tolower, toupper, end) in the dictionary file remain in lowercase.
C Standard Dictionaries Standard Name Translation A_CG /CG A_MOS /MOS A_MOSSVR /MOSSVR A_SS /SS A_USRDEF /USRDEF A_WNASVR /WNASVR Special Strings Recognized by the Monitor Server Standard Name Translation A_CHANNELOPEN /[ A_CHANNELCLOSE /] A_CMDDEL /* A_COMDEL /; A_FLDDEL / A_LOCALHYPHEN /- A_PLAYLISTREF /EMBED: A_VIDEOIDREQ /ASSIGNID Error Messages for the Monitor Server 230 Standard Name Translation A_MBINVL /Invalid mailbox A_NOTINMAP /Queue not in map A_XMAXSTORY
MCS Dictionary (/site/dict/mcs) Standard Name (Continued) Translation A_NOSTYLELIST /Unable to obtain CD stylelist A_BADMAPCG /Bad Map line: CG device requires range A_BADMAPSFORM /Bad Map line:Invalid ControlAir form A_BADMAPARG /Bad Map line: Invalid arg count A_BADMAPSTYPE /Bad Map line:Invalid server type A_BADMAPQTME /Bad Map line: Invalid time value A_BADMAPDUPE /Bad Map line: Duplicate device A_BADMAPDRV /Bad Map line: Invalid drive specification A_BADMAPVCHAN /Bad Map line: Inval
C Standard Dictionaries Standard Name (Continued) Translation A_DELERR /Cannot delete from A_DIRERR /Directory open error A_QUEERR /Queue open error A_QUEAPPERR /Queue append error A_STRYERR /Story open error A_STRYCRT /Story create error A_STRYWRT /Story write error A_SRVNOTINMAP /Server not in Map A_SVRNOCOMM /Network connection failed A_DEVBUSY /Refused connection request A_NOSSADDR /No SS address specified A_MULSSADDR /Multiple SS addresses specified A_MONEXIT /Monitor exitin
Job List Command Dictionary (/site/dict/joblist) Standard Name (Continued) Translation A_EVSTDBY /2STANDBY A_EVCUING /2CUEING A_EVCUED /2CUED A_EVNOTRDY /4OFFLINE A_EVREADY /ONLINE A_EVPLAY /3PLAY A_EVPAUSE /3PAUSED A_EVREW /REWIND A_EVINCMPLT /TRANSFER Job List Command Dictionary (/site/dict/joblist) Job list commands are used for txnet/action job list processing. The first string on each line is a key; do not change it.
C Standard Dictionaries Standard Name Translation ignore-del /ignore-del mailto /mailto move /mov number /number on /on open /open order /or poll /poll priority /priority publish /publish put /put quiet /quiet remove /rem replace /rep scan /scan sendform /sendform sendpassword /sendpassword send-del /send-del validate /validate verify /verify D Messages Dictionary (/site/dict/dmessages) The D message strings apply to the snews and nxserver programs associated with
S Messages Dictionary (/site/dict/smessages) Standard Name (Continued) Translation D_BADARG /Bad argument D_BADDEST /Bad destination D_ERROR /System error D_NOARG /Needs argument D_OFFLINE /Offline D_UNKNOWN /Unknown command S Messages Dictionary (/site/dict/smessages) The S message strings apply to the snews and nxserver programs associated with Connect to Service.
C Standard Dictionaries 236 Standard Name (Continued) Translation S_CDIAG /diag S_SNPROMPT /cmd> S_SNCAPON /Capturing session to S_SNCAPOFF /Session saved to S_SNPAUSE /Pause capture S_SNESCAPE /New escape character S_SNQUIT /Quitting S_SNCAPERR /Capture error! S_SNNOQUEUE /Could not append to queue. S_SNCRERR /Error creating capture story. S_SNCLOSED /Connection closed. S_NOSVC /Unknown service S_NOCAPTURE /Session not save to S_SNNOTCAP /Not capturing.
S Messages Dictionary (/site/dict/smessages) Standard Name (Continued) Translation S_ESCHLP / Change the escape character to specified character S_ECHOHLP /Toggle local character echo S_HEOLHLP /Toggle Hard-End-Of-Line on captured data S_NXNONAME /Computer not named S_NXNOCONF /System not configured S_NXNOPTY /No ptys available S_NXNODEV /No device available 237
C Standard Dictionaries 238
D Environment Variables Some features in the Avid iNEWS newsroom computer system require the system administrator to set up environment variables in the Registry of the workstations. The person responsible for setting up these variables should have a good understanding of Windows-based operating systems, and the Registry Editor program.
D Environment Variables Registry Editor The Registry Editor is used to create and define environment variables (Registry values) at each workstation.Environment Variables To access the Registry Editor: 1. Click the Start button on the Windows Taskbar. 2. Select the Run option. 3. Type regedit in the dialog box that appears. The Registry Editor window appears. All iNEWS newsroom computer system environment variables are set up and stored in the same location on each workstation.
Environment Variables (Registry Values) n On workstations running the Windows NT-based operating system, there are two keys with similar names:SessionManager and Session Manager. The one called Session Manager (with a space between the two words) must be used Environment Variables (Registry Values) Environment variables or registry values are sometimes required to set up certain iNEWS features at various iNEWS Workstations.
D Environment Variables 4. Select the DWORD Value option to create and define a new Registry value of type DWORD in the Registry Editor. 5. Type the name of the new value: CCColor. 6. Press Enter. 7. To set the Value data option: a. Right-click on the CCColor value. b. Select Modify. The Edit DWORD Value dialog box appears. c. 242 Set the Value data using the following hexadecimal format: 0x00RRGGBB, where RR, GG, BB are two bytes for each color.
Environment Variables (Registry Values) n The leftmost two bytes (00) are not used. Also, If the CCColor has its value set to zero (0), the closed captioning text will be black because zero corresponds to the color Black. d. Click OK to save the setting and close the dialog box. 8. Close the Registry Editor window.
D Environment Variables c. n Set the Value data. Type 0 (zero) to disable the destination order feature, or 1 to enable it. Any number other than 1 turns DestinationOrder off and back to its default behavior, which is to always display the last visited queue/folder as the top item in the destination list. d. Click OK to save the setting and close the dialog box. 8. Close the Registry Editor window.
Environment Variables (Registry Values) c. Set the Value data, by typing one of the following options: t 0 - (zero) show no matches t 1 - show only user matches t 2 - show only group/alias matches t 3 - show groups/aliases and user matches The default behavior—without the Registry value MailLookup defined at a workstation—is 3. d. Click OK to save the setting and close the dialog box. 8. Close the Registry Editor window.
D Environment Variables 7. To set the Value data option: a. Right-click on the MesgMailAlert value. b. Select Modify. The Edit DWORD Value dialog appears. c.
Environment Variables (Registry Values) 4. Select the DWORD Value option to create and define a new registry value of type DWORD in the Registry Editor. 5. Type the name of the new value: PIColor. 6. Press Enter. 7. To set the Value data option: a. Right-click on the PIColor value. b. Select Modify. The Edit DWORD Value dialog box appears. c. n Set the Value data using the following hexadecimal format: 0x00RRGGBB where RR, GG, BB are two bytes for each color.
D Environment Variables Color Hex Brown 330000 Green 008800 Orange FF6600 Pink CC0099 Purple 660099 Red FF0000 White FFFFFF Yellow FFFF00 Default (Continued) (Default color for CCColor) (Default color for PIColor) ShowTimingBar A system administrator can define which key on the keyboard is used to advance the timing bar during show timing. The default key is the space bar. To change the setting to a different key: 1. Open Registry Editor.
Environment Variables (Registry Values) The ShowTimingBar Value data is determined by the Scan Code of the selected key on the keyboard. For instance, if the system administrator wants to use the F12 key to advance the timing bar, the Value data for the ShowTimingBar registry would be either the Hexadecimal code of 58 or Decimal code of 88. See the following Scan Codes table for more information.
D Environment Variables 250 Key Decimal Hexadecimal W 17 11 E 18 12 R 19 13 T 20 14 Y 21 15 U 22 16 I 23 17 O 24 18 P 25 19 [ { (open bracket/brace) 26 1A ] } (close bracket/brace) 27 1B Caps Lock 58 3A A 30 1E S 31 1F D 32 20 F 33 21 G 34 22 H 35 23 J 36 24 K 37 25 L 38 26 ; : (semicolon/colon) 39 27 ‘ ” (accent/quote) 40 28 \| (backslash/pipe) 43 2B Left Shift 42 2A Z 44 2C
Environment Variables (Registry Values) Key Decimal Hexadecimal X 45 2D C 46 2E V 47 2F B 48 30 N 49 31 M 50 32 , < (comma/less-than) 51 33 .
D Environment Variables Key Decimal Hexadecimal INS (Insert key) 82 52 DEL (Delete key) 83 53 Home 71 47 End 79 4F Page Up 73 49 Page Down 80 51 Up Arrow 72 48 Down Arrow 80 50 Right Arrow 77 4D Left Arrow 75 4B NUM (Number Lock key) 69 45 / (divide on Numeric Keypad) 53 35 - (minus on Numeric Keypad) 74 4A + (plus on Numeric Keypad) 78 4E Print Screen 55 37 c. Click OK to save the setting and close the dialog box. 8. Close the Registry Editor window.
Environment Variables (Registry Values) To enable the syncronized timing feature: 1. Open Registry Editor. See “Registry Editor” on page 240 for more information. 2. Navigate to the Environment key, and open it. 3. Right-click on the right side of the Registry Editor window. A pop-up menu appears. 4. Select the DWORD Value option to create and define a new registry value of type DWORD in the Registry Editor. 5. Type the name of the new value: SyncToServer. 6. Press Enter. 7.
D Environment Variables To create and define this value: 1. Open Registry Editor. See “Registry Editor” on page 240 for more information. 2. Navigate to the Environment key, and open it. 3. Right-click on the right side of the Registry Editor window. A pop-up menu appears. 4. Select the DWORD Value option to create and define a new registry value of type DWORD in the Registry Editor. 5. Type the name of the new value: VT Compatibility. 6. Press Enter. 7. To set the Value data option: a.
Environment Variables (Registry Values) DisableCommandLine The environment variable called DisableCommandLine lets you disable the Command Line option in the Customize Toolbar Button dialog box, thereby restricting users from running executable programs within iNEWS on the PC. DisableCommandLine also disables any existing toolbar buttons that utilize the Command Line option.
D Environment Variables d. Click OK to save the setting and close the dialog box. 8. Close the Registry Editor window. Environmental Variables for Servers You can control some of the behavior of rxnet by putting some enviroment variable settings in the /site/env/rxnet file. n If the /site/env/rxnet file or its parent directory /site/env do not exist you need to create the directory using the mkdir /site/env command, before you can edit the file. Contact Avid if you need assistance with this procedure.
Environmental Variables for Servers The format of each line of the field substitution file is: = where is a single character SEP field and is a valid NSML field name. An example would be 1 = video-id. This causes the contents of the APP1 field, identified by 1, to be put into the NSML field video-id instead of the usual APP1-1.
D Environment Variables 258
E Managing Traits at the Console Chapter 4 in the iNEWS Newsroom Computer System Setup and Configuration Manual explains how the system administrator can access and change the various user traits associated with each user’s account from an iNEWS Workstation. In that same book, Chapter 5 explains how to manage database traits from a workstation, and Chapter 6 explains how to create groups and apply the system’s group-related features to customize the system’s security and usage from a workstation.
E Managing Traits at the Console Viewing User Traits from the Console From the console, use the list u-v command to get user trait information. The console will display a verbose list of user accounts. To get information about a single user, follow the command with the User ID of the specific user.
Modifying User Traits from the Console Modifying User Traits from the Console You must be a superuser or user manager (umanager) to change user traits. Use the utraits command (which requires superuser privileges) to modify a user’s traits from the console. The syntax of the utraits command is: utraits [
E Managing Traits at the Console To remove him from blacklist status: NRCS-A# utraits danielmi -b 1 user records modified NRCS-A# You can change more than one trait at a time. For instance, to give this user keyboard 3 and make SHOW.RUNDOWN his destination queue, type what appears in bold: NRCS-A# utraits danielmi key 3 dest show.rundown +localonly 1 user record modified NRCS-A# Changing a User’s Password To change Smith’s password to changeme: 1. Enter superuser mode at the console. 2.
Modifying User Traits from the Console For instance, suppose that you have been unable to convince Mitchell and Schofield to change their passwords.
E Managing Traits at the Console You may want to use the force command to require all users who last changed their passwords prior to a certain date to change their passwords the next time they log in. You can do this by specifying a date in the command, as shown in the previous format description. The force command recognizes dates in the same way the list u console command does; you can specify relative dates, absolute dates, and date ranges.
Modifying User Traits from the Console The following command lists every user who does not have a password. NRCS-A: list password= u user weisman rr kb su mode 0 0 - o destination In the previous example, there is one user, weisman, who does not have a password.
E Managing Traits at the Console A message similar to the following appears: message sent to levy Use the less than (<) and greater than (>) operators to specify whether you want to list people who last changed their password before (<) or after (>) a certain date. n When metacharacters— | & ; ( ) < > space or tab— or control operators—|| & && ; ;; ( ) | are used in a command string threy must be escaped with a backslash character. The following are some examples: list passchg\<05JUL2009 u — T
Modifying User Traits from the Console Information similar to the following appears: User DEV Date Created Last Login Last Password ------- ---- ------------- --------------- ------------- mitchell 495 02JAN2009 10:55am 24JUL2009 9:00am 07JAN2009 9:50am You must specify absolute dates in DDMMMYYYY format. You must enter the days in double-digit format, meaning you must add a leading zero to single digit days, such as 05.
E Managing Traits at the Console After you have set a policy on how often people must change their passwords, use list u regularly to ensure that no one forgets to do this within the prescribed period of time. If one or more users do not change their passwords often enough, use the force command to force them to do so. User Traits Console Command Summary The following User Traits Summary table is a summary of iNEWS user traits.
User Traits Console Command Summary Name in Modify User Account dialog box Utrait Console Command Insert editmode i Definition / Example (Continued) Everything the user enters in a story is inserted at the cursor location. Example: utraits hansen editmode i Home home Sets the user’s home directory, which usually contains the user’s Mail and Notes queues. Example: utraits loyd home people.l.
E Managing Traits at the Console Name in Modify User Account dialog box Utrait Console Command Connect Services +c | -c Definition / Example (Continued) Allows user to connect to any service defined in the system. Example: utraits smith +c Manage Projects +mp | -mp Enables user to manage projects and facets in the system. Example: utraits jdoe +mp Toolbars +cs | -cs Allows users to create custom toolbars.
Managing Database Traits from the Console Name in Modify User Account dialog box Utrait Console Command Definition / Example (Continued) Password button password Provides capability to change the user’s password. Example: utraits jordan pass changeme Force Change check box Specifies that user will be forced to change his/her password the next time he or she logs in. This command line does not require utraits typed in front of it, as shown below.
E Managing Traits at the Console When one of these traits is on, the letter representing that trait appears in the second line. For instance, the R in the second line of the example indicates the Read-only trait is on: SRPlo-LIsUGQSXWFiT sortfield purge dis mbox directory -R-----I---Q-X---- TITLE P4.0 D1 - WIRES.ALL A hyphen in the second line indicates that trait identified above it is off. For instance, the first trait in the header, an S, represents a sequentially ordered directory or queue.
Changing Database Traits from the Console Changing Database Traits from the Console To change a database trait from the console, you must use the dbtraits command. The general format is: dbtraits pathname [only][option value][+mode][...][-mode][...] Database traits come in two types, options and modes. • Options accept a range of values, such as setting 18 hours for a queue’s purge interval. dbtraits rundowns.
E Managing Traits at the Console Name Location in Display SRPlo-LIsUGQSXWFiT Mode / Option Keyword Sequential SRPlo-LIsUGQSXWFiT +s|-s S----------------- Definition / Example Lists directories or queues in the order in which they were created. (The default is alphabetical.) To order the RUNDOWN.5PM sequentially, type: dbtraits rundown.5pm +s Read Access SRPlo-LIsUGQSXWFiT +r|-r -R---------------- Indicates whether or not stories in the queue are in read-only mode. To set the SHOW.5PM.
Database Traits Console Command Summary Name Queue Being Ordered Location in Display SRPlo-LIsUGQSXWFiT Mode / Option Keyword SRPlo-LIsUGQSXWFiT -o ---lo------------- Definition / Example This is an indicator, rather than database traits. It indicates the queue’s order status. The l indicates that the queue is currently order locked to prevent more than one user from reordering stories in a queue at the same time.
E Managing Traits at the Console Name Location in Display SRPlo-LIsUGQSXWFiT Mode / Option Keyword Sorted SRPlo-LIsUGQSXWFiT +so|-so --------s--------- Definition / Example Indicates whether or not the stories in a queue will be sorted by a form field you choose (usually the title field). To turn on the sorted trait for the SHOW.5PM.SCRIPTS queue: dbtraits show.5pm.
Database Traits Console Command Summary Name Save Version Location in Display SRPlo-LIsUGQSXWFiT Mode / Option Keyword SRPlo-LIsUGQSXWFiT save -|n|o|a ------------N----------------O----- Definition / Example Determines how many old story versions are retained in each queue. Display values are: N for none, O for original, and A for all.
E Managing Traits at the Console Name Forms Allowed Location in Display SRPlo-LIsUGQSXWFiT Mode / Option Keyword SRPlo-LIsUGQSXWFiT +f|-f ---------------F-- Definition / Example Must be assigned to all queues in the forms directory. The forms will not work without this database trait applied.
Database Traits Console Command Summary Name Location in Display SRPlo-LIsUGQSXWFiT Mode / Option Keyword Definition / Example Purge Interval purge Indicates the “age” stories in a queue can reach before they are purged. See “Purge Interval” on page 29 for more information. Display Lines/Refresh dis /+|-refresh Indicates how many lines of each story in the queue are displayed. See “The dis Column” on page 33 for more information.
E Managing Traits at the Console Name Location in Display SRPlo-LIsUGQSXWFiT Strip Form Mode / Option Keyword Definition / Example stripform Removes embedded form display information from stories. Forms allowed queues stamp the look of the story form into the story. Assigning a different story form to one of these queues and running changeform on the queue would not affect the look of stories with embedded forms.
Database Traits Console Command Summary Name Location in Display SRPlo-LIsUGQSXWFiT FTS Index Mode / Option Keyword ftsindex # Definition / Example Assigns the index base used by the specified directory. All directories default to zero (0). Supported values are from 0 to 49. Here are a few examples: dbtraits wires ftsindex 1 dbtraits archive.2008 ftsindex 2 dbtraits archive.
E Managing Traits at the Console 2. Use dbtraits to set the queue’s sort field. dbtraits sortfield If the queue is not already sorted, include the sorted option (+so) at the end of the command to turn on its sorted trait. For instance, type: dbtraits rundowns.5pm sortfield page-number +so Turn on the sorted option (+so) before allowing users to re-enter the queue.
Database Traits Console Command Summary The purge column in the list d output displays the directory or queue’s purge interval, preceded by P. The purge interval determines how old stories in a queue can get before they are purged. Every hour, your system removes any stories older than their queue’s purge interval and places these stories in the Dead queue. This process frees up space in your database for new stories. You can set a purge interval as days or hours, or a combination of both.
E Managing Traits at the Console To assign a mailbox to a queue, use: dbtraits mail | For instance, to assign mailbox 103 to the queue WIRES.KEYWORDS.HOCKEY, type: dbtraits wires.keywords.hockey mail 103 The dis Column The dis column of the list d output represents two traits in one column: the preview lines trait (formerly known as display lines) and the refresh trait.
Database Traits Console Command Summary Choosing a value for a queue’s display lines trait depends on which is more important: displaying as many stories as possible at one time, or showing a large portion of each story. For instance, in a rundown queue it is important to display as many stories on the screen at a time as possible, so the display lines trait is usually set to one line per story. In queues where people often browse (such as those in the Wires directory), display a small part of each story.
E Managing Traits at the Console An ftsindex attribute can be any value from 0-49. All directories default to index 0. The ftsindex attribute is independent of the indexed attribute and determines which FTS index base is used for the data in the queue with that ftsindex value. For example, to separate index bases, use these commands: dbtraits wires ftsindex 1 dbtraits archive.2008 ftsindex 2 dbtraits archive.2009 ftsindex 3 n The command list d-i displays the index base used by a directory.
Managing Group Traits at the Console To list all queues in the database with a particular group assigned as their read, write, or notification group at the console, use: list rwng= d Read Group To set a queue’s read group, use: dbtraits rg For instance, to assign a read group of producers to the queue SHOW.5PM, type: dbtraits show.
E Managing Traits at the Console For instance, to assign an editorial group of producers to the queue SHOW.5PM, type: dbtraits show.5pm eg producers n If no editorial group is assigned, the relevant permissions apply to the write group to stay consistent with previous functionality.
Managing Group Traits at the Console A message similar to the following appears: SYSTEM.CABLES 5 out of 5 changed ... SYSTEM.WIRES 4 out of 4 changed Now, only system administrators, logged in with an superuser account, can see the System directory on their screens. You might also have a queue to which you want people to move or duplicate stories, but that you do not want anyone to read or go to.
E Managing Traits at the Console To apply these read and write group changes to stories already in the Phonelists queue, type: NRCS-A # gtraits changegroup phonelists Now, anyone can read and write stories in the Phonelists queue.
F The Line Editor, ed This appendix provides basic information about the line editor, called ed, including procedures for using it to make changes to important system files. These include the system configuration, system profile, and printer or wire profile files. n Additional information may be obtained by typing info ed at the console.
F The Line Editor, ed Starting ed When you modify a file, make the same changes to each server’s copy of the file, or your system will not run properly. Select all servers before starting ed and opening a file for editing to ensure changes you make are applied to each server’s copy of the file. To start ed from the console: t Type ed followed by the file path and name to be edited. For instance, to edit a copy of the configuration file in the Site directory, you would type: NRCS-A $ ed /site/config.
Starting ed Within ed, pressing Enter with no line number reference or command will cause ed to make the next line in the file the current line, displaying that line as it goes. For instance, in the following example, the user selects line 19 in the file, then presses the Enter key three times. The line editor, ed, responds each time by displaying lines 20, 21, and 22, respectively.
F The Line Editor, ed Searching the File When you do not know the line number, but you want to locate a line containing a specific word, phrase, or number, you can use the search option. The line editor, ed, will search the file, starting at the current line, and display the line with the next occurrence of the specified text. To search for text: 1. Type a forward slash (/). Do not press the spacebar. 2. Type the text you want to locate, followed by another forward slash. 3. Press Enter.
Starting ed Searching Tips Here are a few more tips for searching with ed. • Remember to use spaces before and/or after text to further define your search string. For instance, type / 25 / instead of /25/ to avoid finding other numbers that contain the number 25, such as in the line: server 251 action 251 - ;timed action • Remember that searches are case sensitive. For instance, searching for /MONITOR/ does not find monitor. • Remember that searches distinguish between spaces and tabs.
F The Line Editor, ed Command Description & Examples (Continued) c The Change command replaces the entire contents of the line addressed. For instance: 21 terminal 13 c ; not used . 9600-8n 1 news - ; In the above example, the user selects line 21, and ed responds by displaying line 21. The user types c on one line to start the change operation. On the second line, the user types replacement text and presses Enter, followed by a period on a line by itself. The period (.
Starting ed Command Description & Examples (Continued) i The Insert command inserts one or more lines before the selected line. For instance: /websession/ ;websession 900 i inws 511 inws . gnews - ; In the above example, the user searches for websession, and ed responds by displaying the first line found containing that word. The user types i and presses Enter to start the insert operation. The user then types two lines of information to be inserted in the file before the displayed line.
F The Line Editor, ed Command Description & Examples (Continued) t The Copy command copies the line specified, and inserts a copy after the target location. For instance: 5t10 - Inserts a copy of line 5 below line 10. The copy becomes line 11. The original line 11, if any, becomes line 12, and so forth. 20,30t50 - Inserts copies of lines 20 through 30 after line 50. The Undo command is used to cancel the effects of the last editing command entered.
Starting ed In the previous example, the user saved changes first by using the Write command (w), then typed q to quit ed and return to a normal console prompt. However, if you wanted to quit ed without saving your changes, you can do so. In this case, you would have to type the Quit command twice: the first time to notify ed you want to quit, and the second time to confirm that you want to quit without saving changes.
F The Line Editor, ed 300
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ Index Index Symbols /etc/hosts 178 /site/config 179 /site/dict/dmessages 234 /site/dict/joblist 233 /site/dict/keymacros 225 /site/dict/mcs 229 /site/dict/messages 211 /site/dict/queues 219 /site/dict/smessages 235 /site/dict/words 222 /site/system 191 A Absolute date, defined 266 Access restrictions 288 Action servers, validation messages 217 at command 163 Avid online support 18 training services 19 B Backup tapes 60 Backups policies and procedures 60 queues 69 tapeless 64
Index ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ backing up queues 69 backing up tapeless 64 backing up to tape 62 backup policies and procedures 60 changing traits at console 273 checking for errors 52 cleaning 54 display lines trait 284 examining backup tape contents 73 free up space 282 FTSindex attribute 285 getting info.
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ Disconnect program messages 212 Disconnects 83–94 causes of 88 detecting 85 overview 84 recovery overview 88 recovery procedures 89 recovery worksheet 93 types of 87 diskclear command 129 diskcopy command 130 distribution command 163 doc command 130 down keyword console control command 112 down number console control command 112 dup command 164 E echo command 171 ed command 131, 291 editing commands 295 quitting the line editor 298 saving changes 298 searching a file 294 specifyi
Index ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ I idiff command 134 ignore command 164 ignore-del command 165 iNEWS backing up system 59–82 command references 109 defining commands 206 defining messages 206 dictionaries 205 Input errors 103 Interplay attribute 286 J Job list command dictionary 233 Job list commands 163 K Keyboard checker, program messages 213 Keyword checker, program messages 212 L Last login messages 219 Line editor, ed 131, 291 starting 292 Linux commands 111 list B command 137 list C command 138 l
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ O offline command 152 on command 166 online command 152 Online support 18 open command 166 order command 166 otod command 152 Output errors 103 P pass command 173 Passwords 38 change user passwords at console 262 checking 268 checking user status 39 force user to change 41 listing change by date 266–267 listing last change 265 pause command 174 picolor 246 poll command 167 print command 114 Print server messages 219 PRINTER display, console 113 Procedures access registry editor
Index ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ Read limitations 288 reconnect command 154 Recovery worksheet 93 Registry editor 240 Relative date, defined 266 remote command 167 remove command 154, 168 rename command 154 reorder command 155 replace command 168 reset console control command 114 restart command 155 RGB hexadecimal color chart 247 rr kb su m SOEKCVH sc 145 RXDEBUG= 256 RXDEBUGFILE 256 RX-ERRs 103 RXSITELISTSZ= 256 S S messages dictionary 235 Save error messages 219 scan command 168 searchtape command 76,
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ search by word and date range 77 search by words 77 searching 76 timer command 174 Toolbars, disabling command line option 255 top console control command 114 Training services 19 Troubleshooting 18, 95–107 busy stories 98 check process status 101 iNEWS to FTS communication 105 locked blocks 100 network failure 102 power failure 102 recovery worksheet for disconnects 93 wires 100 TX-ERRs 103 type command 175 verbose command 272 version command 161 view console control command 115
Index 308 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
Avid Technical Support (USA) Product Information 75 Network Drive Burlington, MA 01803-2756 USA Visit the Online Support Center at www.avid.com/support For company and product information, visit us on the web at www.avid.
