Datasheet

12
Gray lters or neutral density (ND) lters are used if too much light re-
stricts creative possibilities. They reduce the light in accordance with their
density. They therefore allow longer exposure times or more widely opened
apertures. Applications are highly varied and in some cases experimental.
For very bright motifs in the snow or on the beach the aperture would also
have to be closed, despite minimum exposure time. This would mean losing
the option of short depth of eld, e. g. for portraits. This is even more the
case with ll-in ash due to the slow synchronization speed. Gray lters can
produce wipe effects in movements if the exposure time can be extended
with the required aperture. A waterfall then no longer appears to be frozen,
but as a owing motion. Gray lters create ingenious effects in architecture
or urban photography. With long exposure times of several hours, people
walking through the shot are blurred or not reproduced at all. For physical
reasons, very dense lters possess a warm tone which can be compensated
in image processing.
Without gray lter: Too much depth of eld due to closed aperture
With gray lter: Flowing motion due to low shutter speed
Without gray lter: Frozen waterfall due to high shutter speed
With gray lter: Open aperture creates concentrated, selective
sharpness
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