Basler ace USER’S MANUAL FOR GigE CAMERAS Document Number: AW000893 Version: 16 Language: 000 (English) Release Date: 8 August 2012
For customers in the U.S.A. This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
Contacting Basler Support Worldwide Europe: Basler AG An der Strusbek 60 - 62 22926 Ahrensburg Germany Tel.: +49-4102-463-515 Fax.: +49-4102-463-599 bc.support.europe@baslerweb.com Americas: Basler, Inc. 855 Springdale Drive, Suite 203 Exton, PA 19341 U.S.A. Tel.: +1-610-280-0171 Fax.: +1-610-280-7608 bc.support.usa@baslerweb.com Asia: Basler Asia Pte. Ltd 8 Boon Lay Way # 03 - 03 Tradehub 21 Singapore 609964 Tel.: +65-6425-0472 Fax.: +65-6425-0473 bc.support.asia@baslerweb.com www.baslerweb.
AW00089316000 Table of Contents Table of Contents 1 Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1 Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 General Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.3 Spectral Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table of Contents AW00089316000 5.6 Ethernet GigE Device Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 5.7 Input Line Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7.1 Voltage Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7.2 Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AW00089316000 Table of Contents 7.4 The Frame Start Trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 7.4.1 Frame Start Trigger Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 7.4.1.1 Frame Start Trigger Mode = Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 7.4.1.2 Frame Start Trigger Mode = On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 7.4.1.
Table of Contents AW00089316000 8.2 Color Creation on the acA750-30gc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 8.2.1 Pixel Data Formats Available on Cameras with a CMYeG Filter . . . . . . . . . . 162 8.3 Integrated IR Cut Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 8.4 Color Enhancement Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.4.
AW00089316000 Table of Contents 10.5.1 Changing AOI Parameters "On-the-Fly" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 10.6 Stacked Zone Imaging (acA2000-50, acA2040-25 Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228 10.6.1 Setting Stacked Zone Imaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231 10.7 Sequencer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.7.
Table of Contents AW00089316000 10.18.3 Loading the User Set or the Default Set into the Active Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315 10.18.4 Selecting the Startup Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316 11 Chunk Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317 11.1 What are Chunk Features? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317 11.
AW00089316000 Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions 1 Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions This chapter lists the camera models covered by the manual. It provides the general specifications for those models and the basic requirements for using them. This chapter also includes specific precautions that you should keep in mind when using the cameras. We strongly recommend that you read and follow the precautions. 1.
Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions 1.2 AW00089316000 General Specifications Specification acA640-90gm/gc acA640-100gm/gc Sensor Size (H x V pixels) gm: 659 x 494 gm: 659 x 494 gc: 658 x 492 gc: 658 x 492 Sensor Type Sony ICX424 AL/AQ Progressive scan CCD Sony ICX618 ALA/AQA Progressive scan CCD Global shutter Global shutter Optical Size 1/3" 1/4" Pixel Size (H x V) 7.4 µm x 7.4 µm 5.6 µm x 5.6 µm Max.
AW00089316000 Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions Specification acA640-90gm/gc acA640-100gm/gc I/O Ports 1 opto-isolated input line and 1 opto-isolated output line Lens Adapter C-mount; CS-mount Size (L x W x H) 42.0 mm x 29 mm x 29 mm (without lens adapter or connectors) 60.3 mm x 29 mm x 29 mm (with lens adapter and connectors) Weight < 90 g Conformity CE, UL (in preparation), FCC, GenICam, GigE Vision, IP30, RoHS, IEEE 802.
Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions AW00089316000 Specification acA645-100gm/gc acA750-30gm/gc Sensor Size (H x V pixels) gm: 659 x 494 gm: 752 x 580 gc: 658 x 492 gc: 748 x 576 Sensor Type Sony ICX414 AL/AQ Progressive scan CCD Sony ICX409 AL/AK Interlaced scan CCD Global shutter Global shutter Optical Size 1/2" 1/3" Pixel Size (H x V) 9.9 µm x 9.9 µm 6.5 µm x 6.25 µm Max.
AW00089316000 Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions Specification acA645-100gm/gc acA750-30gm/gc Size (L x W x H) 42.0 mm x 29 mm x 29 mm (without lens adapter or connectors) 60.3 mm x 29 mm x 29 mm (with lens adapter and connectors) Weight < 90 g Conformity CE, UL (in preparation), FCC, GenICam, GigE Vision, IP30, RoHS, IEEE 802.3af (PoE) Software Driver Basler’s GigE Vision compliant pylon SDK including filter and performance drivers.
Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions AW00089316000 Specification acA780-75 gm/gc acA1300-30gm/gc Sensor Size (H x V pixels) gm: 782 x 582 gm: 1296 x 966 gc: 780 x 580 gc: Sensor Type Sony ICX415 AL/AQ Progressive scan CCD Sony ICX445 AL/AQ Progressive scan CCD Global shutter Global shutter Optical Size 1/2" 1/3" Pixel Size (H x V) 8.3 µm x 8.3 µm 3.75 µm x 3.75 µm Max.
AW00089316000 Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions Specification acA780-75 gm/gc acA1300-30gm/gc Conformity CE, UL (in preparation), FCC, GenICam, GigE Vision, IP30, RoHS, IEEE 802.3af (PoE) Software Driver Basler’s GigE Vision compliant pylon SDK including filter and performance drivers. Available for Windows or Linux in 32 and 64 bit versions.
Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions AW00089316000 Specification acA1600-20gm/gc acA2000-50gm/gc Sensor Size (H x V pixels) gm: 1628 x 1236 gm: 2048 x 1088 gc: gc: Sensor Type Sony ICX274 AL/AQ 1624 x 1234 2046 x 1086 Progressive scan CCD CMOSIS CMV2000-2E5M / CMV2000-2E5C Global shutter Progressive scan CMOS Global shutter Optical Size 1/1.8" 2/3" Pixel Size 4.4 µm x 4.4 µm 5.5 µm x 5.5 µm Max.
AW00089316000 Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions Specification acA1600-20gm/gc acA2000-50gm/gc Weight < 90 g Conformity CE, UL (in preparation), FCC, GenICam, GigE Vision, IP30, RoHS, IEEE 802.3af (PoE) Software Driver Basler’s GigE Vision compliant pylon SDK including filter and performance drivers. Available for Windows or Linux in 32 and 64 bit versions.
Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions AW00089316000 Specification acA2000-50gmNIR Sensor Size (H x V pixels) 2048 x 1088 Sensor Type acA2040-25gm/gc gm: 2048 x 2048 gc: CMOSIS CMV2000-2E12M 2046 x 2046 Progressive scan CMOS CMOSIS CMV4000-2E5M / CMV4000-2EM5C Global shutter Progressive scan CMOS Global shutter Optical Size 2/3" 1" Pixel Size 5.5 µm x 5.5 µm 5.5 µm x 5.5 µm Max.
AW00089316000 Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions Specification acA2000-50gmNIR acA2040-25gm/gc Weight < 90 g Conformity CE, UL (in preparation), FCC, GenICam, GigE Vision, IP30, RoHS, IEEE 802.3af (PoE) Software Driver Basler’s GigE Vision compliant pylon SDK including filter and performance drivers. Available for Windows or Linux in 32 and 64 bit versions.
Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions AW00089316000 Specification acA2040-25gmNIR acA2500-14gm/gc Sensor Size (H x V pixels) 2048 x 2048 Sensor Type CMOSIS CMV4000-2E12M Progressive scan CMOS Aptina MT9P031 Global shutter Rolling shutter Optical Size 1" 1/2.5" Pixel Size 5.5 µm x 5.5 µm 2.2 µm x 2.2 µm Max. Frame Rate (at full resolution) 25 fps 14.
AW00089316000 Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions Specification acA2040-25gmNIR acA2500-14gm/gc Weight < 90 g Conformity CE, UL (in preparation), FCC, GenICam, GigE Vision, IP30, RoHS, IEEE 802.3af (PoE) Software Driver Basler’s GigE Vision compliant pylon SDK including filter and performance drivers. Available for Windows or Linux in 32 and 64 bit versions.
Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions 1.3 Spectral Response 1.3.1 Mono Camera Spectral Response AW00089316000 The following graphs show the spectral response for each available monochrome camera model. Relative Response The spectral response curves exclude lens characteristics and light source characteristics. Wavelength (nm) Fig.
Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions Relative Response AW00089316000 Wavelength (nm) Relative Response Fig. 2: acA640-100gm Spectral Response (From Sensor Data Sheet) Wavelength (nm) Fig.
AW00089316000 Relative Response Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions Wavelength (nm) Relative Response Fig. 4: acA750-30gm Spectral Response (From Sensor Data Sheet) Wavelength (nm) Fig.
AW00089316000 Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions 1.0 0.9 Relative Response 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Wavelength (nm) Relative Response Fig. 6: acA1300-30gm Spectral Response (From Sensor Data Sheet) Wavelength (nm) Fig.
Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions AW00089316000 70 Quantum Efficiency (%) 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Wavelength (nm) Fig. 8: acA2000-50gm, acA2040-25gm Spectral Response (From Sensor Data Sheet) 70 Quantum Efficiency (%) 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Wavelength (nm) Fig.
AW00089316000 Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions 70 Quantum Efficiency (%) 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 350 450 550 650 750 850 950 1050 1150 Wavelength (nm) Fig.
Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions 1.3.2 AW00089316000 Color Camera Spectral Response The following graphs show the spectral response for each available color camera model. The spectral response curves exclude lens characteristics, light source characteristics, and IR-cut filter characteristics. To obtain best performance from color models of the camera, use of a dielectric IR cut filter is recommended. The filter should transmit in a range from 400 nm to 700 ...
Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions Relative Response AW00089316000 Blue Green Red Wavelength (nm) Relative Response Fig. 12: acA640-100gc Spectral Response (From Sensor Data Sheet) Blue Green Red Wavelength (nm) Fig.
Relative Response Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions AW00089316000 Cyan Magenta Yellow Green Wavelength (nm) Relative Response Fig. 14: acA750-30gc Spectral Response (From Sensor Data Sheet) Blue Green Red Wavelength (nm) Fig.
AW00089316000 Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions 1.0 0.9 Relative Response 0.8 0.7 0.6 Blue 0.5 Green Red 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 4 00 450 5 00 550 60 0 650 700 Wavelength (nm) Relative Response Fig. 16: acA1300-30gc Spectral Response (From Sensor Data Sheet) Blue Green Red Wavelength (nm) Fig.
Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions AW00089316000 50 Blue Quantum Efficiency (%) 40 Green Red 30 20 10 0 Wavelength (nm) Fig. 18: acA2000-50gc, acA2040-25gc Spectral Response (From Sensor Data Sheet) 50 Blue 45 Green Quantum Efficiency (%) 40 Red 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 35 0 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 Wavelength (nm) Fig.
AW00089316000 1.4 Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions Mechanical Specifications The camera housing conforms to protection class IP30 assuming that the lens mount is covered by a lens or by the protective plastic seal that is shipped with the camera. 1.4.1 Camera Dimensions and Mounting Points The dimensions in millimeters for cameras equipped with a C-mount lens adapter are as shown in Figure 20. The dimensions for cameras equipped with a CS-mount lens adapter are as shown in Figure 21.
Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions AW00089316000 5.77 10 20 23.7 (dimension for M3) 15.77 8.3 M3; 3 deep 21.2 Bottom 12 20 2x M2; 4 deep 2x M2; 3 deep 2x M2; 3 deep 2x M3; 3 deep 11.5 22 (dimension for M2) 6.6 29 28.15 29 7 42 6.3 49 12.526 Photosensitive surface of the sensor Top Not to Scale Fig.
AW00089316000 1.4.2 Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions Maximum Allowed Lens Thread Length The C-mount lens mount and the CS-mount lens mount on all cameras is normally equipped with a plastic filter holder. The length of the threads on any lens you use with the cameras depends on the lens adapter type you use with the camera: Camera with C-mount lens adapter (see Figure 22): The thread length can be a maximum of 9.6 mm, and the lens can intrude into the camera body a maximum of 10.8 mm.
Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions Filter Holder (6) (4.6) 23.1 Max CS-mount Lens CS-mount Thread AW00089316000 Not to Scale IR Cut Filter (color cameras only) Unthreaded Thread: 4.6 Max 5.8 Max Fig.
AW00089316000 1.4.3 Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions Mechanical Stress Test Results Cameras were submitted to an independent mechanical testing laboratory and subjected to the stress tests listed below. The mechanical stress tests were performed on selected camera models. After mechanical testing, the cameras exhibited no detectable physical damage and produced normal images during standard operational testing.
Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions 1.5 AW00089316000 Software Licensing Information The software in the camera includes the LWIP TCP/IP implementation. The copyright information for this implementation is as follows: Copyright (c) 2001, 2002 Swedish Institute of Computer Science. All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1.
AW00089316000 1.6 Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions Avoiding EMI and ESD Problems The cameras are frequently installed in industrial environments. These environments often include devices that generate electromagnetic interference (EMI) and they are prone to electrostatic discharge (ESD). Excessive EMI and ESD can cause problems with your camera such as false triggering or can cause the camera to suddenly stop capturing images.
Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions AW00089316000 1.7 Environmental Requirements 1.7.1 Temperature and Humidity Housing temperature during operation: 0 °C ... +50 °C (+32 °F ... +122 °F) Humidity during operation: 20 % ... 80 %, relative, non-condensing Storage temperature: -20 °C ... +80 °C (-4 °F ... +176 °F) Storage humidity: 20 % ... 80 %, relative, non-condensing 1.7.
AW00089316000 1.8 Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions Precautions NOTICE Avoid dust on the sensor. The camera is shipped with a protective plastic seal on the lens mount. To avoid collecting dust on the camera’s IR cut filter (color cameras) or sensor (mono cameras), make sure that you always put the protective seal in place when there is no lens mounted on the camera. NOTICE On all cameras, the lens thread length is limited.
Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions AW00089316000 NOTICE Inappropriate code may cause unexpected camera behavior. 1. The code snippets provided in this manual are included as sample code only. Inappropriate code may cause your camera to function differently than expected and may compromise your application. 2. To ensure that the snippets will work properly in your application, you must adjust them to meet your specific needs and must test them thoroughly prior to use. 3.
AW00089316000 Specifications, Requirements, and Precautions To clean the surface of the camera housing, use a soft, dry cloth. To remove severe stains, use a soft cloth dampened with a small quantity of neutral detergent, then wipe dry. Do not use solvents or thinners to clean the housing; they can damage the surface finish.
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AW00089316000 Installation 2 Installation The information you will need to do a quick, simple installation of the camera is included in the ace Quick Installation Guide for GigE Cameras (AW000897xx000). You can download the Quick Installation Guide from the Downloads section of our website: www.baslerweb.com More extensive information about how to perform complicated installations is included in the Installation and Setup Guide for Cameras Used with Basler’s pylon API (AW000611xx000).
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AW00089316000 Camera Drivers and Tools for Changing Camera Parameters 3 Camera Drivers and Tools for Changing Camera Parameters This chapter provides an overview of the camera drivers and the options available for changing the camera’s parameters. The options available with the Basler pylon Driver Package let you change parameters and control the camera by using a stand-alone GUI (known as the pylon Viewer) or by accessing the camera from within your software application using the driver API. 3.
Camera Drivers and Tools for Changing Camera Parameters 3.1.1 AW00089316000 The pylon Viewer The pylon Viewer is included in Basler’s pylon Driver Package. The pylon Viewer is a standalone application that lets you view and change most of the camera’s parameter settings via a GUI based interface. The viewer also lets you acquire images, display them, and save them.
AW00089316000 Camera Functional Description 4 Camera Functional Description This chapter provides an overview of the camera’s functionality from a system perspective. The overview will aid your understanding when you read the more detailed information included in the later chapters of the user’s manual. 4.1 Overview (All Models Except acA2000-50, acA2040-25, acA2500-14) The camera provides features such as a global shutter and electronic exposure time control.
Camera Functional Description AW00089316000 Progressive Scan CCD Sensor Vert. Shift Reg. ADC Pixels Vert. Shift Reg. Pixels Vert. Shift Reg. Pixels Vert. Shift Reg. Pixels VGC Horizontal Shift Register Fig. 24: CCD Sensor Architecture - Progressive Scan Sensors Interlaced Scan CCD Sensor Vert. Shift Reg. Pixels Vert. Shift Reg. Pixels Vert. Shift Reg. Pixels Vert. Shift Reg. Pixels = Field 0 Readout ADC VGC Horizontal Shift Register = Field 1 Readout Fig.
AW00089316000 Camera Functional Description I/O Acquisition Trigger Wait Signal or Frame Trigger Wait Signal or Exposure Active Signal or Timer 1 Signal Image Buffer Image Data Sensor VGC ADC Acquisition Start Trigger Signal or Frame Start Trigger Signal or Frame Counter Reset Signal or Trigger InputCounter Reset Signal Image Data FPGA Image Data Ethernet Controller Image Data and Control Data Ethernet Network Control Control: AOI, Gain, Black Level MicroController Control Data Fig.
Camera Functional Description 4.2 AW00089316000 Overview (acA2000-50, acA2040-25 Only) The camera provides features such as a global shutter and electronic exposure time control. Exposure start and exposure time can be controlled by parameters transmitted to the camera via the Basler pylon API and the GigE interface. There are also parameters available to set the camera for single frame acquisition or continuous frame acquisition.
AW00089316000 Camera Functional Description Acquisition Start Trigger Signal or Frame Start Trigger Signal or Frame Counter Reset Signal or Trigger Input Counter Reset Signal I/O Acquisition Trigger Wait Signal or Frame Trigger Wait Signal or Exposure Active Signal or Flash Window Signal or Timer 1 Signal Image Buffer Image Data Sensor Image Data FPGA Image Data Control: AOI, Gain, Black Level Ethernet Controller Image Data and Control Data Ethernet Network Control Control Data MicroController
Camera Functional Description 4.3 AW00089316000 Overview (acA2500-14 Only) The camera provides features such as an electronic rolling shutter and electronic exposure time control. Exposure start and exposure time can be controlled by parameters transmitted to the camera via the Basler pylon API and the GigE interface. There are also parameters available to set the camera for single frame acquisition or continuous frame acquisition.
AW00089316000 Camera Functional Description CMOS Sensor Pixel Array Analog Processing Digitized Pixel Data Digital Processing ADC Fig.
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AW00089316000 Physical Interface 5 Physical Interface This chapter provides detailed information, such as pinouts and voltage requirements, for the physical interface on the camera. This information will be especially useful during your initial design-in process. 5.1 General Description of the Camera Connections The camera is interfaced to external circuitry via connectors located on the back of the housing: An 8-pin, RJ-45 jack used to provide a 100/1000 Mbit/s Ethernet connection to the camera.
Physical Interface AW00089316000 5.2 Camera Connector Pin Assignments and Numbering 5.2.1 6-pin Connector Pin Assignments and Numbering The 6-pin connector is used to access the physical input line and physical output line on the camera. It is also used to supply power to the camera (if PoE is not used). The pin assignments for the connector are shown in Table 8.
AW00089316000 5.2.2 Physical Interface 8-pin RJ-45 Jack Pin Assignments and Numbering The 8-pin RJ-45 jack provides a Gigabit Ethernet connection to the camera. The jack can also be used to provide Power over Ethernet (IEEE 802.3af compliant) to the camera. Pin assignments and pin numbering adhere to the Ethernet standard and IEEE 802.3af. 5.3 Camera Connector Types 5.3.1 6-pin Connector The 6-pin connector on the camera is a Hirose micro receptacle (part number HR10A-7R-6PB) or the equivalent.
Physical Interface AW00089316000 5.4 Camera Cabling Requirements 5.4.1 Ethernet Cables Use high-quality Ethernet cables. To avoid EMI, the cables must be shielded. Use of category 6 or category 7 cables with S/STP shielding is strongly recommended. As a general rule, applications with longer cables or applications in harsh EMI conditions require higher category cables.
AW00089316000 Physical Interface The required 6-pin Hirose plug is available from Basler. Basler also offers a cable assembly that is terminated with a 6-pin Hirose plug on one end and unterminated on the other. Contact your Basler sales representative to order connectors or cables. NOTICE An incorrect plug can damage the 6-pin connector. The plug on the cable that you attach to the camera’s 6-pin connector must have 6 female pins.
Physical Interface 5.4.3 AW00089316000 PLC Power and I/O Cable We recommend using a PLC power and I/O cable, if the camera is connected to a PLC device. If power for the I/O input is supplied at 24 VDC, you can use a PLC power and I/O cable when the camera is not connected to a PLC device. As with the standard power and I/O cable described in the previous section, the PLC power and I/O cable is a single cable that both connects power to the camera and connects to the camera’s I/O lines.
AW00089316000 5.5 Physical Interface Camera Power Power can be supplied to the camera in either of two different ways: via Power over Ethernet (PoE), i.e., via the Ethernet cable plugged into the camera’s RJ-45 connector. from a power supply via a power and I/O cable (either a standard cable or a PLC cable) plugged into the camera’s 6-pin connector. We recommend that you supply power to the camera either via the camera’s RJ45 jack or via the camera’s 6-pin connector.
Physical Interface AW00089316000 NOTICE An incorrect plug can damage the 6-pin connector. The plug on the cable that you attach to the camera’s 6-pin connector must have 6 female pins. Using a plug designed for a smaller or a larger number of pins can damage the connector. For more information about the 6-pin connector and the power and I/O cables see Section 5.2 on page 50, Section 5.3 on page 51, and Section 5.4 on page 52. 5.
AW00089316000 Physical Interface 5.7 Input Line Description 5.7.1 Voltage Requirements NOTICE Voltage outside of the specified range can cause damage. The recommended voltage range for the input line differs from the recommended voltage ranges for camera power (see Section 5.5 on page 55) and for the output line (see Section 5.8.1 on page 62). for the I/O input line of Basler ace GigE cameras can differ from the recommended voltage ranges for the I/O input lines of other Basler cameras.
Physical Interface AW00089316000 Voltage Levels When a PLC Power and I/O Cable is Used The following requirements apply to the camera’s I/O input (pin 2 of the 6-pin connector) when a PLC power and I/O cable is used. The PLC power and I/O cable will adjust the voltages to the levels required by the camera’s I/O input (see Table 9). Voltage Significance +0 to +24 VDC Recommended I/O input voltage. +0 to +8.4 VDC The voltage indicates a logical 0. > +8.4 to +10.4 VDC > +10.4 VDC +30.
AW00089316000 Physical Interface Your Gnd 6-Pin Receptacle 10 Camera I/O_In_1 Input Voltage +30 VDC Absolute Max. 1 2 Current Limiter 3 In_1_Ctrl I/O_Gnd 4 5 6 Your Gnd Fig. 35: Typical Input Circuit (Simplified) For more information about input line pin assignments and pin numbering, see Section 5.2 on page 50. For more information about how to use an externally generated frame start trigger (ExFSTrig) signal to control acquisition start, see Section 7.4.3 on page 98.
Physical Interface 5.7.3 AW00089316000 Input Line Response Time The response times for the input line on the camera are as shown in Figure 36. Not to Scale Voltage Applied to the Camera’s Input Line 2.2 V (10.4 V with PLC cable) 1.4 V (8.4 V with PLC cable) Time TDF TDR Level of Camera’s Internal Input Circuit Fig. 36: Input Line Response Times Time Delay Rise (TDR) = 1.3 µs to 1.
AW00089316000 5.7.
Physical Interface AW00089316000 5.8 Output Line Description 5.8.1 Voltage Requirements NOTICE Voltage outside of the specified range can cause damage. Note that the recommended voltage range for the output line differs from the recommended voltage ranges for camera power (see Section 5.5 on page 55) and for the input line (see Section 5.7.1 on page 57). You must supply power within the specific voltage range.
AW00089316000 Physical Interface A high output signal from the camera results in a conducting Q1 transistor in the output circuit. 6-Pin Receptacle 1 Camera I/O_Out_1 Q1 I/O_Gnd 2 3 4 5 6 Fig. 37: Output Line Schematic (Simplified) On early production cameras with firmware versions of V0.x-x, the logic for the output circuit was different. On these cameras: A low output signal from the camera on Out_1_Ctrl results in a conducting Q1 transistor.
Physical Interface AW00089316000 Figure 39 shows a typical circuit you can use to monitor the output line with an LED or an optocoupler. In this example, the voltage for the external circuit is +24 VDC. Current in the circuit is limited by an external resistor. Your Gnd +24 VDC 6-Pin Receptacle 1 Camera Out_1_Ctrl I/O_Out_1 I/O_Gnd 2 3 LED Output to You 2.2k 4 5 6 Your Gnd Fig.
AW00089316000 5.8.3 Physical Interface Output Line Response Time The information in this section assumes that the output circuit on your camera is designed as in the typical voltage output circuit shown in Section 5.8.2. The response time for the output line on your camera will typically fall into the ranges specified below. The exact response time for your specific application will depend on the external resistor and the applied voltage you use.
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AW00089316000 I/O Control 6 I/O Control This section describes how to configure the camera’s physical input line and physical output line. It also provides information about monitoring the state of the input and output lines. 6.1 Configuring the Input Line 6.1.1 Selecting the Input Line as the Source Signal for a Camera Function The camera is equipped with one physical input line designated as input line 1.
I/O Control 6.1.2 AW00089316000 Input Line Debouncer The debouncer feature aids in discriminating between valid and invalid input signals and only lets valid signals pass to the camera. The debouncer value specifies the minimum time that an input signal must remain high or remain low in order to be considered a valid input signal. We recommend setting the debouncer value so that it is slightly greater than the longest expected duration of an invalid signal.
AW00089316000 I/O Control Setting the Debouncer The debouncer value is determined by the value of the Line Debouncer Time Abs parameter value. The parameter is set in microseconds and can be set in a range from 0 to 20 µs. To set the debouncer: Use the Line Selector to select input line1. Set the value of the Line Debouncer Time Abs parameter. You can set the Line Selector and the value of the Line Debouncer Abs parameter from within your application software by using the Basler pylon API.
I/O Control AW00089316000 6.2 Configuring the Output Line 6.2.1 Selecting a Source Signal for the Output Line The camera is equipped with one physical output line designated as output line 1. You can select any one of the camera’s standard output signals to act as the source signal for output line 1.
AW00089316000 6.2.2 I/O Control Setting the State of a User Settable Output Line As mentioned in the previous section, you can designate the camera’s output line as "user settable". If you have designated the output line as user settable, you can use camera parameters to set the state of the line. Setting the State of a User Settable Output Line To set the state of a user settable output line: Use the User Output Selector to select output line 1.
I/O Control 6.2.3 AW00089316000 Setting the Output Line for Invert You can set the output line to not invert or to invert. When the output line is set to not invert: A logical zero on Out_1_Ctrl results in a non-conducting Q1 transistor in the output circuit (see Figure 42). A logical one on Out_1_Ctrl results in a conducting Q1 transistor in the output circuit. When the output line is set to invert: A logical zero on Out_1_Ctrl results in a conducting Q1 transistor in the output circuit.
AW00089316000 6.2.4 I/O Control Working with the Timer Output Signal As mentioned in Section 6.2.1 on page 70, the source signal for the output line can be set to "timer active". The camera has one timer designated as "timer 1". When you set the source signal for the output line to "timer active", timer 1 will be used to supply the signal to the output line. Timer 1 operates as follows: A trigger source event occurs that starts the timer. A delay period begins to expire.
I/O Control 6.2.4.2 AW00089316000 Setting the Timer Delay Time There are two ways to set the delay time for timer 1: by setting "raw" values or by setting an "absolute value". You can use whichever method you prefer to set the delay time. Setting the Delay Time with Raw Values When the delay time for timer 1 is set using "raw" values, the delay time will be determined by a combination of two elements.
AW00089316000 I/O Control Setting the Delay Time with an Absolute Value You can also set the timer 1 delay by using an "absolute" value. This is accomplished by setting the Timer Delay Abs parameter. The units for setting this parameter are µs and the value can be set in increments of 1 µs. To set the delay for timer 1 using an absolute value: Use the Timer Selector to select timer 1. Set the value of the Timer Delay Abs parameter.
I/O Control 6.2.4.3 AW00089316000 Setting the Timer Duration Time There are two ways to set the duration time for timer 1: by setting "raw" values or by setting an "absolute value". You can use whichever method you prefer to set the duration time. Setting the Duration Time with Raw Values When the duration time for a timer is set using "raw" values, the duration time will be determined by a combination of two elements: Timer Duration Raw parameter, and Timer Duration Time Base.
AW00089316000 I/O Control You can also use the Basler pylon Viewer application to easily set the parameters. For more information about the pylon API and the pylon Viewer, see Section 3.1.1 on page 40. Setting the Duration with an Absolute Value You can also set the Timer duration by using an "absolute" value. This is accomplished by setting the Timer Duration Abs parameter. The units for setting this parameter are µs and the value can be set in increments of 1 µs.
I/O Control AW00089316000 6.3 Checking the State of the I/O Lines 6.3.1 Checking the State of the Output Line You can determine the current state of the output line. To check the state of the output line: Use the Line Selector parameter to select output line 1. Read the value of the Line Status parameter to determine the current state of the line. A value of true means the line’s state is currently high and a value of false means the line’s state is currently low.
AW00089316000 Image Acquisition Control 7 Image Acquisition Control This chapter provides detailed information about controlling image acquisition. You will find information about triggering image acquisition, about setting the exposure time for acquired images, about controlling the camera’s image acquisition rate, and about how the camera’s maximum allowed image acquisition rate can vary depending on the current camera settings. 7.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 until you execute an Acquisition Stop command. Once an Acquisition Stop command has been executed, the camera will not be able to acquire frames until a new Acquisition Start command is executed. Acquisition Start Trigger The acquisition start trigger is essentially an enabler for the frame start trigger. The acquisition start trigger has two modes of operation: off and on.
AW00089316000 Image Acquisition Control you do not attempt to trigger frames at a rate that is greater than the maximum allowed. (There is a detailed explanation about the maximum allowed frame rate at the end of this chapter.) Frame start trigger signals applied to the camera when it is not in a "waiting for frame start trigger" acquisition status will be ignored.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 The Trigger Selector The concept of the "trigger selector" is very important to understand when working with the acquisition start and frame start triggers. Many of the parameter settings and the commands that apply to the triggers have names that are not specific to a particular type of trigger, for example, the acquisition start trigger has a mode setting and the frame start trigger has a mode setting.
AW00089316000 7.2 Image Acquisition Control Acquisition Start and Stop Commands and the Acquisition Mode Executing an Acquisition Start commmand prepares the camera to acquire frames. You must execute an Acquisition Start command before you can begin acquiring frames. Executing an Acquisition Stop command terminates the camera’s ability to acquire frames.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 Setting the Acquisition Mode and Issuing Start/Stop Commands You can set the Acquisition Mode parameter value and you can execute Acquisition Start or Acquisition Stop commands from within your application software by using the Basler pylon API. The code snippet below illustrates using the API to set the Acquisition Mode parameter value and to execute an Acquisition Start command.
AW00089316000 7.3 Image Acquisition Control The Acquisition Start Trigger (When reading this section, it is helpful to refer to Figure 45 on page 81.) The acquisition start trigger is used in conjunction with the frame start trigger to control the acquisition of frames. In essence, the acquisition start trigger is used as an enabler for the frame start trigger.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 Frame Count parameter setting. The camera will then return to the "waiting for acquisition start trigger" acquisition status. In order to acquire more frames, you must apply a new acquisition start trigger signal to the camera to exit it from the "waiting for acquisition start trigger" acquisition status. When the Trigger Mode parameter for the acquisition start trigger is set to on, you must select a source signal to serve as the acquisition start trigger.
AW00089316000 7.3.3 Image Acquisition Control Setting the Acquisition Start Trigger Mode and Related Parameters You can set the Trigger Mode and Trigger Source parameters for the acquisition start trigger and also set the Acquisition Frame Count parameter value from within your application software by using the Basler pylon API.
Image Acquisition Control 7.3.4 7.3.4.1 AW00089316000 Using a Software Acquisition Start Trigger Introduction If the camera’s Acquisition Start Trigger Mode parameter is set to on and the Acquisition Start Trigger Source parameter is set to software, you must apply a software acquisition start trigger signal to the camera before you can begin frame acquisition. A software acquisition start trigger signal is applied by: Setting the Trigger Selector parameter to Acquisition Start.
AW00089316000 Image Acquisition Control // Execute an acquisition start command to prepare for frame acquisition Camera.AcquisitionStart.Execute( ); while ( ! finished ) { // Execute a trigger software command to apply a software acquisition // start trigger signal to the camera Camera.TriggerSoftware.Execute( ); // Perform the required functions to parameterize the frame start // trigger, to trigger 5 frame starts, and to retrieve 5 frames here } Camera.AcquisitionStop.
Image Acquisition Control 7.3.5 7.3.5.1 AW00089316000 Using a Hardware Acquisition Start Trigger Introduction If the Trigger Mode parameter for the acquisition start trigger is set to on and the Trigger Source parameter is set to line 1, an externally generated electrical signal injected into physical input line 1 on the camera will act as the acquisition start trigger signal for the camera.
AW00089316000 Image Acquisition Control Camera.TriggerActivation.SetValue( TriggerActivation_RisingEdge ); // Set the acquisition frame count Camera.AcquisitionFrameCount.SetValue( 5 ); // Execute an acquisition start command to prepare for frame acquisition Camera.AcquisitionStart.
Image Acquisition Control 7.4 AW00089316000 The Frame Start Trigger The frame start trigger is used to begin frame acquisition. Assuming that the camera is in a "waiting for frame start trigger" acquisition status, it will begin a frame acquisition each time it receives a frame start trigger signal. Note that in order for the camera to be in a "waiting for frame start trigger" acquisition status: The Acquisition Mode parameter must be set correctly.
AW00089316000 7.4.1 Image Acquisition Control Frame Start Trigger Mode The main parameter associated with the frame start trigger is the Trigger Mode parameter. The Trigger Mode parameter for the frame start trigger has two available settings: off and on. 7.4.1.1 Frame Start Trigger Mode = Off When the Frame Start Trigger Mode parameter is set to off, the camera will generate all required frame start trigger signals internally, and you do not need to apply frame start trigger signals to the camera.
Image Acquisition Control 7.4.1.2 AW00089316000 Frame Start Trigger Mode = On When the Trigger Mode parameter for the frame start trigger is set to on, you must apply a frame start trigger signal to the camera each time you want to begin a frame acquisition. The Trigger Source parameter specifies the source signal that will act as the frame start trigger signal.
AW00089316000 Image Acquisition Control For more information about controlling exposure time when using a hardware trigger, see Section 7.4.3 on page 98. 7.4.1.3 Setting The Frame Start Trigger Mode and Related Parameters You can set the Trigger Mode and related parameter values for the frame start trigger from within your application software by using the Basler pylon API. If your settings make it necessary, you can also set the Trigger Source parameter.
Image Acquisition Control 7.4.2 7.4.2.1 AW00089316000 Using a Software Frame Start Trigger Introduction If the Trigger Mode parameter for the frame start trigger is set to on and the Trigger Source parameter is set to software, you must apply a software frame start trigger signal to the camera to begin each frame acquisition.
AW00089316000 7.4.2.2 Image Acquisition Control Setting the Parameters Related to Software Frame Start Triggering and Applying a Software Trigger Signal You can set all of the parameters needed to perform software frame start triggering from within your application software by using the Basler pylon API.
Image Acquisition Control 7.4.3 7.4.3.1 AW00089316000 Using a Hardware Frame Start Trigger Introduction If the Trigger Mode parameter for the frame start trigger is set to on and the Trigger Source parameter is set to line 1, an externally generated electrical signal injected into physical input line 1 on the camera will act as the frame start trigger signal for the camera.
AW00089316000 7.4.3.2 Image Acquisition Control Exposure Modes If you are triggering the start of frame acquisition with an externally generated frame start trigger (ExFSTrig) signal, two exposure modes are available: timed and trigger width. Timed Exposure Mode When timed mode is selected, the exposure time for each frame acquisition is determined by the value of the camera’s Exposure Time Abs parameter.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 Trigger Width Exposure Mode Trigger width exposure mode is not available on acA750-30gm/gc cameras and is not available on acA2500-14gm/gc cameras. When trigger width exposure mode is selected, the length of the exposure for each frame acquisition will be directly controlled by the ExFSTrig signal. If the camera is set for rising edge triggering, the exposure time begins when the ExFSTrig signal rises and continues until the ExFSTrig signal falls.
AW00089316000 7.4.3.3 Image Acquisition Control Frame Start Trigger Delay The frame start trigger delay feature lets you specify a delay (in microseconds) that will be applied between the receipt of a hardware frame start trigger and when the trigger will become effective. The frame start trigger delay can be specified in the range from 0 to 1000000 µs (equivalent to 1 s). When the delay is set to 0 µs, no delay will be applied.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 // Execute an acquisition start command to prepare for frame acquisition Camera.AcquisitionStart.
AW00089316000 Image Acquisition Control 7.5 acA-750 Acquisition Control Differences 7.5.1 Overview In almost all respects, acquisition triggering on acA750 model cameras adheres to the acquisition control description provided throughout in this chapter. But because the acA750 models have an interlaced sensor (rather than the standard progressive scan sensor used on the other camera models), there are some significant differences.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 As shown in Figure 51, with Field 1 readout the pixel values from row 1 are binned with the pixel values from row 2, the pixel values from row 3 are binned with the pixel values from row 4, the pixel values from row 5 are binned with the pixel values from row 6, and so on Vertical Shift Registers Pixels Row 0 Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 Row 4 Row 5 Row 6 Row 7 Row 8 Row 9 Row 10 Horizontal Shift Registers Note: The colors used in this drawing are designed to illustrate ho
AW00089316000 7.5.2 Image Acquisition Control Field Output Modes On acA750 cameras, four "field output modes" are available: field 0, field 1, concatenated new fields, and deinterlaced new fields. Field 0 Output Mode: Each time the camera receives a frame trigger signal, it acquires, reads out, and transmits a frame using the field 0 scheme described in Section 7.5.1 on page 103. Because pairs of rows are combined, the transmitted image is commonly referred to as "half height", i.e.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 Concatenated New Fields Output Mode: Each time the camera receives a frame trigger signal it acquires two fields, combines them into a single frame, and transmits the frame. After receiving a frame trigger signal, the camera first acquires and reads out an image using the field 0 scheme and it places this image into the camera’s memory. The camera then automatically acquires and reads out a second image using the field 1 scheme.
AW00089316000 Image Acquisition Control Deinterlaced New Fields Output Mode: Each time the camera receives a frame trigger signal it acquires two fields, combines them into a single frame, and transmits the frame. After receiving a frame trigger signal, the camera first acquires and reads out an image using the field 0 scheme and it places this image into the camera’s memory. The camera then acquires and reads out a second image using the field 1 scheme.
Image Acquisition Control 7.5.3 AW00089316000 Setting the Field Output Mode You can set the Field Output Mode parameter value from within your application software by using the Basler pylon API. The following code snippet illustrates using the API to set the Field Output Mode: // Set the field output mode to Field 0 Camera.FieldOutputMode.SetValue( Field0 ); // Set the field output mode to Field 1 Camera.FieldOutputMode.SetValue( Field1 ); // Set the field output mode to Concatenated New Fields Camera.
AW00089316000 7.6 Image Acquisition Control Setting the Exposure Time This section (Section 7.6) describes how the exposure time can be adjusted "manually", i.e., by setting the value of the exposure time parameter. The camera also has an Exposure Auto function that can automatically adjust the exposure time. Manual adjustment of the exposure time parameter will only work correctly, if the Exposure Auto function is disabled. For more information about auto functions in general, see Section 10.12.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 The Exposure Time Abs parameter sets the exposure time in µs. The parameter can be set in increments of 1 µs. You can use the Basler pylon API to set the Exposure Time Abs parameter value from within your application software. The following code snippet illustrates using the API to set the parameter value: // Set the exposure time to 3000 µs Camera.ExposureTimeAbs.SetValue( 3000 ); You can also use the Basler pylon Viewer application to easily set the parameter.
AW00089316000 7.7 Image Acquisition Control Electronic Shutter Operation All ace cameras are equipped with imaging sensors that have an electronic shutter. There are two types of electronic shutters used in the sensors: global and rolling. All ace models except the acA2500-14gm/gc use sensors with global shutters. The acA250014gm/gc models use a sensor with a rolling shutter. The following sections describe the differences between a global shutter and a rolling shutter. 7.7.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 Frame Start Triggered Line 1 Line 2 Line 3 Line 4 Line 5 Line 6 Line 7 Line 8 Line 9 Line 10 Line 11 Line N-2 Line N-1 Line N Exposure Time Readout Time = line exposure = line readout Fig. 56: Global Shutter For more information about the exposure active output signal, see Section 7.10.1 on page 127. For more information about the Readout Time Abs parameter, see Section 7.11 on page 140.
AW00089316000 7.7.2 Image Acquisition Control Rolling Shutter (acA2500-14 Only) All acA2500-14gm/gc cameras are equipped with an electronic rolling shutter. The rolling shutter is used to control the start and stop of sensor exposure. The rolling shutter used in these cameras has two operating modes: electronic rolling shutter mode and global reset release mode.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 You can calculate the reset runtime using this formula: Reset Runtime = tRow x (AOI Height -1) You can calculate the total readout time using this formula: Total Readout Time = [ tRow x (AOI Height) ] + 490 µs You can calculate the total runtime using this formula: Total Runtime = Exposure Time Abs Parameter Setting + Total Readout Time The cameras can provide an exposure active output signal that will go high when the exposure time for line one begins and will go
AW00089316000 Image Acquisition Control Frame Start Triggered Total Readout Time Line 1 Line 2 Line 3 Line 4 Line 5 Line 6 tRow Line 7 Line 8 Line 9 Line 10 Line 11 Line N-2 Line N-1 Line N Total Runtime = line exposure time = line readout time Fig.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 Setting the Shutter Mode The camera’s shutter has two operating modes: electronic rolling shutter mode and global reset release mode. The shutter will operate in the electronic rolling shutter mode whenever the global reset release mode is disabled. When the global reset release mode is enabled, the shutter will operate in global reset release mode.
AW00089316000 Image Acquisition Control Flash Window Line 1 Line 2 Line 3 Line 4 Line 5 Line 6 Line 7 Line 8 Line 9 Line 10 Line 11 tRow Line N-2 Line N-1 Line N Time to Flash Window Open Flash Window Width = line exposure time = line readout time Fig. 59: Flash Window for Rolling Shutter in the ERS Mode For more information about the Exposure Time Abs parameter, see Section 7.6 on page 109.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 In global reset release mode, the flash window opens when the frame is triggered and closes after a time period equal to the Exposure Time Abs parameter setting. Thus, the flash window width (i.e., how long the flash window will remain open) is equal to the Exposure Time Abs parameter setting.
AW00089316000 Image Acquisition Control The Flash Window Signal Cameras with a rolling shutter imaging sensor (e.g., acA2500-14 models) can provide a flash window output signal to aid you in the use of flash lighting. The flash window signal will go high when the flash window for each image acquisition opens and will go low when the flash window closes. Figure 70 illustrates the flash window signal on a camera with the shutter operating in the electronic rolling shutter mode.
Image Acquisition Control 7.8 AW00089316000 Overlapping Exposure with Sensor Readout (All Models Except acA2500-14) The frame acquisition process on the camera includes two distinct parts. The first part is the exposure of the pixels in the imaging sensor. Once exposure is complete, the second part of the process – readout of the pixel values from the sensor – takes place.
AW00089316000 Image Acquisition Control ExFSTrig Signal Frame Acquisition N Exposure Readout Frame Acquisition N+1 Exposure Readout Frame Acquisition N+2 Exposure Readout Frame Acquisition N+3 Exposure Readout Time Fig. 63: Overlapped Exposure and Readout Determining whether your camera is operating with overlapped or non-overlapped exposure and readout is not a matter of issuing a command or switching a setting on or off.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 Guideline for Overlapped Operation with Trigger Width Exposure If the camera is set for the trigger width exposure mode and you are operating the camera in a way that readout and exposure will be overlapped, there is an important guideline you must keep in mind: You must not end the exposure time of the current frame acquisition until readout of the previously acquired frame is complete.
AW00089316000 7.9 Image Acquisition Control Overlapping Image Acquisitions (acA2500-14 Only) When using a camera with a rolling shutter, there are two common ways for the camera to operate: with “non-overlapped” acquisition and with “overlapped” acquisition. In the non-overlapped mode of operation, each time a frame is acquired the camera completes the entire exposure/readout process before acquisition of the next frame is started.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 ExFSTrig Signal Frame Acquisition N Frame Acquisition N+1 Frame Acquisition N+2 Time = Line Exposure = Line Readout Fig. 66: Overlapped Exposure and Readout Determining whether your camera is operating with overlapped or with non-overlapped acquisition is not a matter of issuing a command or switching a setting on or off. Rather the way that you operate the camera will determine whether the frame acquisitions are overlapped or not.
AW00089316000 Image Acquisition Control If you use the acA2500-14 in the overlapped mode of operation, and you activate the sequencer feature, it depends on the way you use the sequencer, whether the sequencer feature has an effect on the frame rate or not: If the camera takes multiple images with the same sequence set, overlapped operation is possible and the sequencer feature has no effect on the camera’s frame rate. with alternating sequence sets, overlapped operation is not possible.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 Guideline for Overlapped Acquisition If you are operating the camera in such a way that frame acquisitions will be overlapped, there is an important guideline you must keep in mind: You must wait a minimum of 400 µs after the end of exposure for line one in frame N before you can trigger acquisition of frame N+1.
AW00089316000 Image Acquisition Control 7.10 Acquisition Monitoring Tools 7.10.1 Exposure Active Signal Exposure Active on Global Shutter Cameras (All Models Except the acA2500-14) Cameras with a global shutter imaging sensor can provide an "exposure active" (ExpAc) output signal. On these cameras, the signal goes high when the exposure time for each frame acquisition begins and goes low when the exposure time ends as shown in Figure 68.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 Exposure Active on Rolling Shutter Cameras (acA2500-14 Only) Cameras with a rolling shutter imaging sensor can provide an "exposure active" (ExpAc) output signal. On these cameras, the signal goes high when exposure for the first line in a frame begins and goes low when exposure for the first line ends as shown in Figure 69. Exposure Active Signal Frame Acquisition N Frame Acquisition N+1 Frame Acquisition N+2 Time = Line Exposure = Line Readout Fig.
AW00089316000 Image Acquisition Control 7.10.2 Flash Window Signal Cameras with a rolling shutter imaging sensor (e.g., acA2500-14 models) can provide a flash window output signal to aid you in the use of flash lighting. The flash window signal will go high when the flash window for each image acquisition opens and will go low when the flash window closes. Figure 70 illustrates the flash window signal on a camera with the shutter operating in the electronic rolling shutter mode.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 Selecting the Flash Window Signal as the Source Signal for the Output Line The flash window output signal can be selected to act as the source signal for camera output line 1. Selecting a source signal for the output line is a two step process: Use the Line Selector to select output line 1. Set the value of the Line Source Parameter to the flash window signal.
AW00089316000 Image Acquisition Control 7.10.3 Acquisition Status Indicator If a camera receives a software acquisition start trigger signal when it is not in a "waiting for acquisition start trigger" acquisition status, it will simply ignore the trigger signal and will generate an acquisition start overtrigger event.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 7.10.4 Trigger Wait Signals If a camera receives a hardware acquisition start trigger signal when it is not in a "waiting for acquisition start trigger" acquisition status, it will simply ignore the trigger signal and will generate an acquisition start overtrigger event.
AW00089316000 Image Acquisition Control Acq. Trigger Wait Signal ExASTrig Signal Frame Acquisition Exp. Readout Frame Acquisition Exp. Readout Frame Acquisition Exp. Readout Frame Acquisition Exp. Readout Frame Acquisition Exp. Readout Frame Acquisition Exp. Readout Time = Camera is in a "waiting for acquisition start trigger" status Fig. 71: Acquisition Trigger Wait Signal The acquisition trigger wait signal will only be available when hardware acquisition start triggering is enabled.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 Selecting the Acquisition Trigger Wait Signal as the Source Signal for the Output Line The acquisition trigger wait signal can be selected to act as the source signal for camera output line 1. Selecting a source signal for the output line is a two step process: Use the Line Selector to select output line 1. Set the value of the Line Source Parameter to the acquisition trigger wait signal.
AW00089316000 Image Acquisition Control Figure 72 illustrates the Frame Trigger Wait signal on a camera with a global shutter. The camera is set for the trigger width exposure mode with rising edge triggering and with exposure and readout overlapped. Frame Trigger Wait Signal ExFSTrig Signal Frame Acquisition N Exposure Readout Frame Acquisition N+1 Exposure Readout Frame Acquisition N+2 Exposure Readout Time = Camera is in a "waiting for frame start trigger" status Fig.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 Frame Trigger Wait Signal Details (All Models Except acA2500-14gm/gc) When the camera is set for the timed exposure mode, the rise of the Frame Trigger Wait signal is based on the current Exposure Time Abs parameter setting and on when readout of the current frame will end. This functionality is illustrated in Figure 73.
AW00089316000 Image Acquisition Control When the camera is set for the trigger width exposure mode, the rise of the Frame Trigger Wait signal is based on the Exposure Overlap Time Max Abs parameter setting and on when readout of the current frame will end. This functionality is illustrated in Figure 74.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 You can use the Basler pylon API to set the Exposure Overlap Time Max Abs parameter value from within your application software. The following code snippet illustrates using the API to set the parameter value: Camera.ExposureOverlapTimeMaxAbs.SetValue( 3000 ); You can also use the Basler pylon Viewer application to easily set the parameters. For more information about the pylon API and the pylon Viewer, see Section 3 on page 39.
AW00089316000 Image Acquisition Control Selecting the Frame Trigger Wait Signal as the Source Signal for the Output Line The frame trigger wait signal can be selected to act as the source signal for camera output line 1. Selecting a source signal for the output line is a two step process: Use the Line Selector to select output line 1. Set the value of the Line Source Parameter to the frame trigger wait signal.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 7.11 Acquisition Timing Chart Figure 76 shows a timing chart for frame acquisition and transmission. The chart assumes that exposure is triggered by an externally generated frame start trigger (ExFSTrig) signal with rising edge activation and that the camera is set for the timed exposure mode. As Figure 76 shows, there is a slight delay between the rise of the ExFSTrig signal and the start of exposure.
AW00089316000 Image Acquisition Control Camera Model Exposure Start Delay acA2500-14gm/gc 848 to 883 µs (with frame acquisitions overlapped) 848 µs (with frame acquisitions not overlapped, or in global reset release mode) Table 13: Exposure Start Delays FTWait Signal ExFSTrig Signal Exposure Start Delay Exposure Exposure Frame N Frame Readout Exposure Start Delay Exposure Frame N+1 Frame N Readout to the Frame Buffer Transmission Start Delay Frame Transmission Frame N Transmission to Host PC
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 You can determine the readout time by reading the value of the Readout Time Abs parameter. The parameter indicates what the readout time will be in microseconds given the camera’s current settings. You can read the Readout Time Abs parameter value from within your application software by using the Basler pylon API. The following code snippet illustrates using the API to get the parameter value: double ReadoutTime = Camera.ReadoutTimeAbs.
AW00089316000 Image Acquisition Control 7.12 Maximum Allowed Frame Rate In general, the maximum allowed acquisition frame rate on any ace camera can be limited by three factors: The amount of time it takes to read an acquired frame out of the imaging sensor and into the camera’s frame buffer. This time varies depending on the height of the frame. Frames with a smaller height take less time to read out of the sensor. The frame height is determined by the camera’s AOI Height settings.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 7.12.1 Using Basler pylon to Check the Maximum Allowed Frame Rate You can use the Basler pylon API to read the current value of the Resulting Frame Rate Abs parameter from within your application software using the Basler pylon API. The following code snippet illustrates using the API to get the parameter value: // Get the resulting frame rate double resultingFps = Camera.ResultingFrameRateAbs.
AW00089316000 Image Acquisition Control If you are working with an acA750-30 camera: Use the Field 0 or the Field 1 field output mode instead of the Concatenated New Fields or the Deinterlaced New Fields field output mode. With the Field 0 or the Field 1 modes, you can get approximately twice the frame rate, but you will be getting half height frames. If you are working with an acA2000-50 or acA2040-25 camera: Using the stacked zone imaging feature increases the camera’s frame rate.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 7.12.3 Removing the Frame Rate Limit (acA640-100 Only) Normally, the maximum frame rate that an acA640-100 camera can achieve with a given group of parameter settings is as described in the previous section. In this normal situation, the maximum frame rate is limited by the standard operating ranges of several of the electronic components used in the camera.
AW00089316000 Image Acquisition Control 7.13 Use Case Descriptions and Diagrams The following pages contain a series of use case descriptions and diagrams. The descriptions and diagrams are designed to illustrate how acquisition start triggering and frame start triggering work in some common situations and with some common combinations of parameter settings. These use cases do not represent every possible combination of the parameters associated with acquisition start and frame start triggering.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 Use Case: "Free Run" (Acquisition Start Trigger Off and Frame Start Trigger Off) The acquisition start trigger is off. The camera will generate acquisition start trigger signals internally with no action by the user. The frame start trigger is off. The camera will generate frame start trigger signals internally with no action by the user.
AW00089316000 Image Acquisition Control Use Case 2 - Acquisition Start Trigger Off - Frame Start Trigger On Use case two is illustrated on page 150. In this use case, the Acquisition Mode parameter is set to continuous. The Trigger Mode parameter for the acquisition start trigger is set to off and the Trigger Mode parameter for the frame start trigger is set to on. Because the acquisition start trigger is set to off, the user does not need to apply acquisition start trigger signals to the camera.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 Use Case: Acquisition Start Trigger Off and Frame Start Trigger On The acquisition start trigger is off. The camera will generate acquisition start trigger signals internally with no action by the user. The frame start trigger is on, and the frame start trigger source is set to input line 1. The user must apply a frame start trigger signal to input line 1 to start each frame exposure.
AW00089316000 Image Acquisition Control Use Case 3 - Acquisition Start Trigger On - Frame Start Trigger Off Use case three is illustrated on page 152. In this use case, the Acquisition Mode parameter is set to continuous. The Trigger Mode parameter for the acquisition start trigger is set to on and the Trigger Mode parameter for the frame start trigger is set to off. Because the acquisition start trigger mode is set to on, the user must apply an acquisition start trigger signal to the camera.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 Use Case: Acquisition Start Trigger On and Frame Start Trigger Off The acquisition start trigger is on, and the acquisition start trigger source is set to input line 1. The user must apply an acquisition start trigger signal to input line 1 to make the camera exit the "waiting for acquisition start trigger" acquisition status.
AW00089316000 Image Acquisition Control Use Case 4 - Acquisition Start and Frame Start Triggers Both On Use case four is illustrated on page 154. In this use case, the Acquisition Mode parameter is set to continuous. The Trigger Mode parameter for the acquisition start trigger is set to on and the Trigger Mode parameter for the frame start trigger is set to on. Because the acquisition start trigger mode is set to on, the user must apply an acquisition start trigger signal to the camera.
Image Acquisition Control AW00089316000 Use Case: Acquisition Start Trigger On and Frame Start Trigger On The acquisition start trigger is on, and the acquisition start trigger source is set to software. The user must execute an acquisition start trigger software command to make the camera exit the "waiting for acquisition start trigger" acquisition status.
AW00089316000 Color Creation and Enhancement 8 Color Creation and Enhancement This chapter provides information about how color images are created on different camera models and about the features available for adjusting the appearance of the colors. 8.1 Color Creation (All Color Models Except the acA750-30gc) The sensors used in these cameras are equipped with an additive color separation filter known as a Bayer filter.
Color Creation and Enhancement 8.1.1 AW00089316000 Bayer Color Filter Alignment The alignment of the Bayer filter to the pixels in the images acquired by color cameras depends on the camera model. Table 14 shows the filter alignment for each available camera model.
AW00089316000 8.1.
Color Creation and Enhancement AW00089316000 Mono Format Cameras equipped with a Bayer pattern color filter can output pixel data in the Mono 8 format. When a color camera is set for Mono 8, the pixel values in each captured image are first demosaiced and converted to the YUV color model as described above. The camera then transmits the 8 bit Y value for each pixel to the host PC. In the YUV color model, the Y component for each pixel represents a brightness value.
AW00089316000 8.2 Color Creation and Enhancement Color Creation on the acA750-30gc The sensor used in this camera is equipped with a complementary plus green color separation filter. The colors in the filter are cyan, magenta, yellow, and green (CMYeG). Each individual pixel is covered by a portion of the filter that allows light of only one color to strike the pixel. The filter has a repeating pattern as shown in Figure 82.
Color Creation and Enhancement G C M G+C M C M+C G+C Ye M+C Ye M C G+Ye Ye M+Ye G Ye C C C M+C C M C Ye G+C Ye M+C Ye G+Ye M+Ye G G+Ye M G+C M G+Ye M+Ye M G M+Ye Ye G M G+Ye G M+C G+C G M G+C C M G G C M+Ye M M C Ye M G G G C Ye AW00089316000 Ye = a cyan pixel in the sensor M+Ye = a magenta pixel in the sensor G M+C G Ye = a green pixel in the sensor G+Ye M = a yellow pixel in the sensor = a "binned" pixel in a vertical shift register Fig.
AW00089316000 Color Creation and Enhancement If you compare the color combinations in the binned pixels for field 0 with the color combinations for the binned pixels in field 1, you will see that they are equivalent. The pattern of the colors in the complementary filter was designed specifically to make this possible, and it means that the color information can be manipulated in an identical fashion regardless of whether the camera is working with pixel values from field 0 or from field 1.
Color Creation and Enhancement 8.2.1 AW00089316000 Pixel Data Formats Available on Cameras with a CMYeG Filter YUV Formats On a color camera equipped with a CMYeG filter, the pixel values go through several conversion steps. This process yields Y, U, and V color information for the pixels. These cameras can then output color pixel data in a YUV 4:2:2 Packed format or in a YUV 4:2:2 (YUYV) Packed format. For complete details of the YUV data output formats, see Section 9.3 on page 191.
AW00089316000 8.3 Color Creation and Enhancement Integrated IR Cut Filter All color camera models are equipped with an IR-cut filter as standard equipment. The filter is mounted in a filter holder located in the lens mount. Monochrome cameras include a filter holder in the lens mount, but the holder is not populated with an IR-cut filter. NOTICE On all cameras, the lens thread length is limited. All cameras (mono and color) are equipped with a plastic filter holder located in the lens mount.
Color Creation and Enhancement 8.4 Color Enhancement Features 8.4.1 White Balance AW00089316000 On all color cameras equipped with a Bayer pattern filter (i.e., all camera models except the acA750-30gc) the pixel values output from the sensor reside in the RGB color space. On the acA750-30gc camera model, the pixel values output from the sensor are first converted to YUV and are then converted to the RGB color space.
AW00089316000 Color Creation and Enhancement With the white balancing scheme used on these cameras, the red intensity, green intensity, and blue intensity can be individually adjusted. For each color, a Balance Ratio Abs parameter is used to set the intensity of the color. If the Balance Ratio Abs parameter for a color is set to a value of 1, the intensity of the color will be unaffected by the white balance mechanism.
Color Creation and Enhancement 8.4.2 AW00089316000 Gamma Correction The gamma correction feature lets you modify the brightness of the pixel values output by the camera’s sensor to account for a non-linearity in the human perception of brightness. If color binning is enabled for the acA2500-14gc, gamma correction will be applied after color binning was performed. For more information about color binning, see Section 10.8.2 on page 268.
AW00089316000 Color Creation and Enhancement You can use the Gamma Selector to select either sRGB or user gamma correction. If you select user gamma correction, you can use the Gamma parameter to set the gamma correction value. You can set the Gamma Enable parameter, use the Gamma Selector, and set Gamma parameter values from within your application software by using the Basler pylon API.
Color Creation and Enhancement 8.4.3 AW00089316000 Matrix Color Transformation on All Color Models Except the acA750-30gc Introduction The main objective of matrix color transformation is to make corrections to the color information that will account for the type of lighting used during image acquisition and to compensate for imperfections in the sensor’s color generation process.
AW00089316000 Color Creation and Enhancement adjust the white balance settings and the color adjustment settings so that they are appropriate for a tungsten light source. Daylight - This setting will automatically populate the matrix with a pre-selected set of values that will make appropriate corrections for images captured with daylight lighting that has a color temperature of about 5000K.
Color Creation and Enhancement AW00089316000 Camera.ProcessedRawEnable.SetValue( true ); // Select the matrix color transformation type Camera.ColorTransformationSelector.SetValue ( ColorTransformationSelector_RGBtoRGB ); // Set the light source selector so that no correction will be done Camera.LightSourceSelector.SetValue ( LightSourceSelector_Off ); // Set the light source selector for tungsten lighting Camera.LightSourceSelector.
AW00089316000 Color Creation and Enhancement Each GainXY position can be populated with a floating point value ranging from -8.0 to +7.96875 by using the Color Transformation Value Selector to select one of the GainXY positions in the matrix and using the Color transformation Value parameter to enter a value for that position. As an alternative the Gain XY values can each be entered as an integer value on a scale ranging from -256 to +255.
Color Creation and Enhancement 8.4.4 AW00089316000 Matrix Color Transformation on acA750-30gc Cameras Introduction The main objective of matrix color transformation is to make corrections to the color information that will account for the type of lighting used during image acquisition and to compensate for any imperfections in the sensor’s color generation process.
AW00089316000 Color Creation and Enhancement The third parameter associated with matrix color transformation is the Color Transformation Matrix Factor parameter. This parameter determines how strong an effect the matrix correction function will have on the colors output by the camera. The parameter setting is a floating point value that can range from 0 to 1. When the parameter value is set to 0, matrix correction will have no effect.
Color Creation and Enhancement 8.4.4.1 AW00089316000 The Custom Light Source Setting The "Custom" setting for the Light Source Selector parameter is intended for use by someone who is thoroughly familiar with matrix color transformations. It is nearly impossible to enter correct values in the conversion matrix by trial and error.
AW00089316000 Color Creation and Enhancement Setting Custom Matrix Values You can set the Color Transformation Value Selector, Color Transformation Value, and Color Transformation Value Raw parameters from within your application software by using the Basler pylon API. The following code snippet illustrates using the API to set the values in the matrix. Note that the values in this example are just randomly selected numbers and do not represent values that you should actually use.
Color Creation and Enhancement 8.4.5 AW00089316000 Color Adjustment On all color cameras equipped with a Bayer pattern filter (i.e., all camera models except the acA750-30gc) the pixel values output from the sensor reside in the RGB color space. On the acA750-30gc camera model, the pixel values output from the sensor are first converted to YUV and are then converted to the RBG color space.
AW00089316000 Color Creation and Enhancement The color space can be represented as a color cube (see Figure 85 on page 177) where the primary colors R, G, B, the secondary colors C, M, Y, and black and white define the corners. All shades of gray are represented by the line connecting the black and the white corner. For ease of imagination, the color cube can be projected onto a plane (as shown in Figure 85) such that a color hexagon is formed.
Color Creation and Enhancement C AW00089316000 B Gray G M Decrease + Saturation Adjustment Increase Y - Hue Adjustment R Fig. 86: Hue and Saturation Adjustment In the Color Hexagon. Adjustments Are Indicated for Red as an Example Hue and Saturation Adjustment The color adjustment feature lets you adjust hue and saturation for the primary and the secondary colors. Each adjustment affects those areas in the image where the adjusted color predominates.
AW00089316000 Color Creation and Enhancement Color Adjustment Parameters The initial parameter that you must consider when working with the color adjustment feature is the Processed Raw Enable parameter. If you are working with a camera that is set to output pixel data in a Bayer xx format, then the Processed Raw Enabled parameter must be set to "enabled", if you want to use color enhancement.
Color Creation and Enhancement AW00089316000 Camera.ColorAdjustmentEnable.SetValue( true ); // Select red as the color to adjust Camera.ColorAdjustmentSelector.SetValue( ColorAdjustmentSelector_Red ); // Set the red hue as a floating point value Camera.ColorAdjustmentHue.SetValue( -1.125 ); // Set the red saturation as a floating point value Camera.ColorAdjustmentSaturation.SetValue( 1.375 ); // Select cyan as the color to adjust Camera.ColorAdjustmentSelector.
AW00089316000 8.4.6 Color Creation and Enhancement A Procedure for Setting the Color Enhancements When setting the color enhancements on the camera, we recommend using the procedure outlined below. Since it makes changing camera parameters quick and easy, we also recommend using the Basler pylon Viewer software when you are making adjustments. 1. Arrange your camera so that it is viewing a scene similar to what it will view during actual operation.
Color Creation and Enhancement 8.4.7 AW00089316000 The "Color" Factory Setup When a camera leaves the factory, it contains several "factory setups" stored in its permanent memory. A factory setup is simply a collection of settings for the parameters needed to operate the camera. Each one of the factory setups is optimized to make the camera perform well in a particular situation.
AW00089316000 Pixel Data Formats 9 Pixel Data Formats By selecting a pixel data format, you determine the format (layout) of the image data transmitted by the camera. This section provides detailed information about the available pixel data formats. 9.1 Setting the Pixel Data Format The setting for the camera’s Pixel Format parameter determines the format of the pixel data that will be output from the camera.
Pixel Data Formats Color Camera Model AW00089316000 Mono 8 Bayer GR 8 Bayer BG 8 Bayer GR 12 Bayer BG 12 Bayer GR 12 Packed Bayer BG 12 Packed YUV 4:2:2 Packed YUV 4:2:2 (YUYV) Packed acA640-90gc acA640-100gc acA645-100gc acA750-30gc acA780-75gc acA1300-30gc acA1600-20gc acA2000-50gc acA2040-25gc acA2500-14gc Table 16
AW00089316000 Pixel Data Formats 9.2 Pixel Data Formats for Mono Cameras 9.2.1 Mono 8 Format When a monochrome camera is set for the Mono 8 pixel data format, it outputs 8 bits of brightness data per pixel. The table below describes how the pixel data for a received frame will be ordered in the image buffer in your PC when the camera is set for Mono8 output.
Pixel Data Formats 9.2.2 AW00089316000 Mono 12 Format When a monochrome camera is set for the Mono12 pixel data format, it outputs 16 bits of brightness data per pixel with 12 bits effective. The 12 bits of effective pixel data fill from the least significant bit. The four unused most significant bits are filled with zeros. The table below describes how the pixel data for a received frame will be ordered in the image buffer in your PC when the camera is set for Mono12 output.
AW00089316000 Pixel Data Formats When the camera is set for Mono 12, the pixel data output is 16 bit data of the “unsigned short (little endian)” type. The available range of data values and the corresponding indicated signal levels are as shown in the table below. Note that for 16 bit data, you might expect a value range from 0x0000 to 0xFFFF. However, with the camera set for Mono12 only 12 bits of the 16 bits transmitted are effective.
Pixel Data Formats 9.2.3 AW00089316000 Mono 12 Packed Format When a monochrome camera is set for the Mono 12 Packed pixel data format, it outputs 12 bits of brightness data per pixel. Every three bytes transmitted by the camera contain data for two pixels. The table below describes how the pixel data for a received frame will be ordered in the image buffer in your PC when the camera is set for Mono 12 Packed output.
AW00089316000 Pixel Data Formats When a monochrome camera is set for Mono 12 Packed, the pixel data output is 12 bit data of the “unsigned” type. The available range of data values and the corresponding indicated signal levels are as shown in the table below.
Pixel Data Formats 9.2.4 AW00089316000 YUV 4:2:2 Packed Format When a monochrome camera is set for the YUV 4:2:2 Packed pixel data format, the camera transmits Y, U, and V values in a fashion that mimics the output from a color camera set for YUV 4:2:2 Packed. The Y value transmitted for each pixel is an actual 8 bit brightness value similar to the pixel data transmitted when a monochrome camera is set for Mono 8. The U and V values transmitted will always be zero.
AW00089316000 Pixel Data Formats 9.3 Pixel Data Output Formats for Color Cameras 9.3.1 Bayer BG 8 Format When a color camera is set for the Bayer BG 8 pixel data format, it outputs 8 bits of data per pixel and the pixel data is not processed or interpolated in any way. So, for each pixel covered with a red filter, you get 8 bits of red data. For each pixel covered with a green filter, you get 8 bits of green data. And for each pixel covered with a blue filter, you get 8 bits of blue data.
Pixel Data Formats AW00089316000 Bm-3 Blue value for Pn-3 Bm-3 Green value for Pn-3 Bm-2 Green value for Pn-2 Bm-2 Red value for Pn-2 Bm-1 Blue value for Pn-1 Bm-1 Green value for Pn-1 Bm Green value for Pn Bm Red value for Pn With the camera set for Bayer BG 8, the pixel data output is 8 bit data of the “unsigned char” type. The available range of data values and the corresponding indicated signal levels are as shown in the table below.
AW00089316000 Pixel Data Formats Bm = the last byte of data for a row Even Rows Odd Rows Byte Data Byte Data B0 Green value for P0 B0 Blue value for P0 B1 Red value for P1 B1 Green value for P1 B2 Green value for P2 B2 Blue value for P2 B3 Red value for P3 B3 Green value for P3 B4 Green value for P4 B4 Blue value for P4 B5 Red value for P5 B5 Green value for P5 ² ² ² ² ² ² Bm-5 Green value for Pn-5 Bm-5 Blue value for Pn-5 Bm-4 Red value fo
Pixel Data Formats 9.3.3 AW00089316000 Bayer BG 12 Format When a color camera is set for the Bayer BG 12 pixel data format, it outputs 16 bits of data per pixel with 12 bits effective. The 12 bits of effective pixel data fill from the least significant bit. The four unused most significant bits are filled with zeros. With the Bayer BG 12 the pixel data is not processed or interpolated in any way. So, for each pixel covered with a red filter, you get 12 effective bits of red data.
AW00089316000 Pixel Data Formats Bm-6 High byte of blue value for Pn-3 Bm-6 High byte of green value for Pn-3 Bm-5 Low byte of green value for Pn-2 Bm-5 Low byte of red value for Pn-2 Bm-4 High byte of green value for Pn-2 Bm-4 High byte of red value for Pn-2 Bm-3 Low byte of blue value for Pn-1 Bm-3 Low byte of green value for Pn-1 Bm-2 High byte of blue value for Pn-1 Bm-2 High byte of green value for Pn-1 Bm-1 Low byte of green value for Pn Bm-1 Low byte of red value for Pn Bm
Pixel Data Formats 9.3.4 AW00089316000 Bayer GR 12 Format When a color camera is set for the Bayer GR 12 pixel data format, it outputs 16 bits of data per pixel with 12 bits effective. The 12 bits of effective pixel data fill from the least significant bit. The four unused most significant bits are filled with zeros. With the Bayer GR 12 the pixel data is not processed or interpolated in any way. So, for each pixel covered with a red filter, you get 12 effective bits of red data.
AW00089316000 Pixel Data Formats Bm-4 High byte of green value for Pn-2 Bm-4 High byte of green value for Pn-2 Bm-3 Low byte of blue value for Pn-1 Bm-3 Low byte of blue value for Pn-1 Bm-2 High byte of blue value for Pn-1 Bm-2 High byte of blue value for Pn-1 Bm-1 Low byte of green value for Pn Bm-1 Low byte of green value for Pn Bm High byte of green value for Pn Bm High byte of green value for Pn When the camera is set for Bayer GR 12, the pixel data output is 16 bit data of the “un
Pixel Data Formats 9.3.5 AW00089316000 Bayer BG 12 Packed Format When a color camera is set for the Bayer BG 12 Packed pixel data format, it outputs 12 bits of data per pixel. Every three bytes transmitted by the camera contain data for two pixels. With the Bayer BG 12 Packed coding, the pixel data is not processed or interpolated in any way. So, for each pixel covered with a red filter, you get 12 bits of red data. For each pixel covered with a green filter, you get 12 bits of green data.
AW00089316000 Pixel Data Formats Odd Rows Byte Data B0 Green value for P0 bits 11 ... 4 B1 Red value for P1 bits 3 ... 0 B2 Red value for P1 bits 11 ... 4 B3 Green value for P2 bits 11 ... 4 B4 Red value for P3 bits 3 ... 0 B5 Red value for P3 bits 11 ... 4 B6 Green value for P4 bits 11 ... 4 B7 Red value for P5 bits 3 ... 0 B8 Red value for P5 bits 11 ... 4 Bm-5 Green value for Pn-3 bits 11 ... 4 Bm-4 Red value for Pn-2 bits 3 ...
Pixel Data Formats 9.3.6 AW00089316000 Bayer GR 12 Packed Format When a color camera is set for the Bayer GR 12 Packed pixel data format, it outputs 12 bits of data per pixel. Every three bytes transmitted by the camera contain data for two pixels. With the Bayer GR 12 Packed coding, the pixel data is not processed or interpolated in any way. So, for each pixel covered with a red filter, you get 12 bits of red data. For each pixel covered with a green filter, you get 12 bits of green data.
AW00089316000 Pixel Data Formats Odd Rows Byte Data B0 Blue value for P0 bits 11 ... 4 B1 Green value for P1 bits 3 ... 0 B2 Green value for P1 bits 11 ... 4 B3 Blue value for P2 bits 11 ... 4 B4 Green value for P3 bits 3 ... 0 B5 Green value for P3 bits 11 ... 4 B6 Blue value for P4 bits 11 ... 4 B7 Green value for P5 bits 3 ... 0 B8 Green value for P5 bits 11 ... 4 Bm-5 Blue value for Pn-3 bits 11 ... 4 Bm-4 Green value for Pn-2 bits 3 ...
Pixel Data Formats 9.3.7 AW00089316000 YUV 4:2:2 Packed Format When a color camera is set for the YUV 422 Packed pixel data format, each pixel value in the captured image goes through a conversion process as it exits the sensor and passes through the camera’s electronics. This process yields Y, U, and V color information for each pixel value. For more information about the conversion processes, see Section 8 on page 155. The values for U and for V normally range from -128 to +127.
AW00089316000 Bm-4 Y value for Pn-2 Bm-3 U value for Pn-1 Bm-2 Y value for Pn-1 Bm-1 V Value for Pn-1 Bm Y value for Pn Pixel Data Formats When the camera is set for YUV 4:2:2 Packed output, the pixel data output for the Y component is 8 bit data of the “unsigned char” type. The range of data values for the Y component and the corresponding indicated signal levels are shown below.
Pixel Data Formats 9.3.8 AW00089316000 YUV 4:2:2 (YUYV) Packed Format On color cameras, the YUV 4:2:2 (YUYV) packed pixel data format is similar to the YUV 4:2:2 pixel format described in the previous section. The only difference is the order of the bytes transmitted to the host PC. With the YUV 4:2:2 format, the bytes are ordered as specified in the DCAM standard issued by the 1394 Trade Association.
AW00089316000 Pixel Data Formats When a color camera is set for YUV 4:2:2 (YUYV) output, the pixel data output for the Y component is 8 bit data of the “unsigned char” type. The range of data values for the Y component and the corresponding indicated signal levels are shown below.
Pixel Data Formats 9.3.9 AW00089316000 Mono 8 Format When a color camera is set for the Mono 8 pixel data format, the values for each pixel are first converted to the YUV color model. The camera then transmits the 8 bit Y value for each pixel to the host PC. In the YUV color model, the Y component for each pixel represents a brightness value. This brightness value can be considered as equivalent to the value that would be sent from a pixel in a monochrome camera.
AW00089316000 Pixel Data Formats With the camera set for Mono 8, the pixel data output is 8 bit data of the “unsigned char” type. The available range of data values and the corresponding indicated signal levels are as shown in the table below.
Pixel Data Formats 9.4 AW00089316000 Pixel Transmission Sequence For each captured image, pixel data is transmitted from the camera in the sequence given below. The sequence assumes that the camera is set for full resolution: Row 0 Col 0, Row 0 Col 1, Row 0 Col 2 .. .. Row 0 Col m-2, Row 0 Col m-1, Row 0 Col m Row 1 Col 0, Row 1 Col 1, Row 1 Col 2 .. .. Row 1 Col m-2, Row 1 Col m-1, Row 1 Col m Row 2 Col 0, Row 2 Col 1, Row 2 Col 2 .. ..
AW00089316000 Standard Features 10 Standard Features This chapter provides detailed information about the standard features available on each camera. It also includes an explanation of their operation and the parameters associated with each feature. 10.1 Gain The camera’s gain setting is adjustable. As shown in Figure 87, increasing the gain increases the slope of the response curve for the camera.
Standard Features 10.1.1 AW00089316000 Setting the Gain This section (Section 10.1) describes how gain can be adjusted "manually", i.e., by setting the value of the Gain Raw parameter. The camera also has a Gain Auto function that can automatically adjust the gain. Manual adjustment of the Gain Raw parameter will only work correctly, if the Gain Auto function is disabled. For more information about auto functions in general, see Section 10.12 on page 282.
AW00089316000 Standard Features Camera.GainSelector.SetValue( GainSelector_All ); Camera.GainRaw.SetValue( 400 ); You can also use the Basler pylon Viewer application to easily set the parameters. For more information about the pylon API and the pylon Viewer, see Section 3 on page 39.
Standard Features AW00089316000 acA2000-50 and acA2040-25 Only The camera’s gain is determined by the value of the Gain Raw parameter. Gain Raw is adjusted on an integer scale. The minimum setting varies depending on the camera model and on whether vertical binning is enabled (see Table 19).
AW00089316000 Standard Features Example: Assume that you are working with a camera that has a gain raw setting of 128. The gain is calculated as follows: Gain in dB = 20 log10 (128 / 32) Gain in dB = 12.0 Table 20 shows the minimum and maximum possible dB of gain for each camera model. Model Camera Model db Gain at Min Setting db Gain at Max Setting (8 bit depth) db Gain at Max Setting (12 bit depth) acA2000-50gm/gc 1.02 24 24 acA2000-50gmNIR 1.02 24 24 acA2040-25gm/gc 1.
Standard Features AW00089316000 acA2500-14 Only The camera’s gain is determined by the value of the Gain Raw parameter. Gain Raw is adjusted on an integer scale. The minimum setting is 0 and the maximum setting is 63. At a setting of 0, the camera’s gain will be 0 dB. At a setting of 63, the gain is approximately 26 dB The range of integer settings does not map linearly to the dB gain range. The graph in Figure 88 shows the gain in dB that will be yielded for each Gain Raw parameter setting.
AW00089316000 Standard Features 10.2 Black Level Adjusting the camera’s black level will result in an offset to the pixel values output by the camera. Increasing the black level setting will result in a positive offset in the digital values output for the pixels. Decreasing the black level setting will result in a negative offset in the digital values output for the pixels.
Standard Features 10.2.1 AW00089316000 Setting the Black Level The black level can be adjusted by changing the value of the Black Level Raw parameter. The range of the allowed settings for the Black Level Raw parameter value varies by camera model as shown in Table 21.
AW00089316000 Standard Features 10.3 Remove Parameter Limits For each camera feature, the allowed range of any associated parameter values is normally limited. The factory limits are designed to ensure optimum camera operation and, in particular, good image quality. For special camera uses, however, it may be helpful to set parameter values outside of the factory limits. The remove parameter limits feature lets you remove the factory limits for parameters associated with certain camera features.
Standard Features AW00089316000 // Remove the limits for the selected feature. Camera.RemoveLimits.SetValue( true ); You can also use the Basler pylon Viewer application to easily set the parameters. Note that the remove parameter limits feature will only be available at the "guru" viewing level. For more information about the pylon API and the pylon Viewer, see Section 3 on page 39.
AW00089316000 Standard Features 10.4 Digital Shift The digital shift feature lets you change the group of bits that is output from the ADC in the camera. Using the digital shift feature will effectively multiply the output of the camera by 2 times, 4 times, 8 times, or 16 times. The next two sections describe how the digital shift feature works when the camera is set for a 12 bit pixel format and when it is set for a 8 bit pixel format.
Standard Features AW00089316000 Shift by 2 When the camera is set to shift by 2, the output from the camera will include bit 9 through bit 0 from the ADC along with 2 zeros as LSBs. ADC bit 11 The result of shifting twice is that the output of the camera is effectively multiplied by 4. bit 10 bit 9 bit 8 bit 7 bit 6 M S B When the camera is set to shift by 2, the 2 least significant bits output from the camera for each pixel value will be 0.
AW00089316000 Standard Features When the camera is set to shift by 4, the 4 least significant bits output from the camera for each pixel value will be 0. This means that the gray value scale will only include every 16th gray value, for example, 16, 32, 48, 64, and so on. If the pixel values being output by the camera’s sensor are high enough to set bit 8, bit 9, bit 10, or bit 11 to 1, we recommend not using shift by 4. If you do nonetheless, all bits output from the camera will automatically be set to 1.
Standard Features AW00089316000 Shift by 2 When the camera is set to shift by 2, the output from the camera will include bit 9 through bit 2 from the ADC. The result of shifting twice is that the output of the camera is effectively multiplied by 4. ADC bit 11 bit 10 bit 9 bit 8 bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 If the pixel values being output by the camera’s sensor M L are high enough to set bit 10 or bit 11 to 1, we S S B B recommend not using shift by 2.
AW00089316000 10.4.3 Standard Features Precautions When Using Digital Shift There are several checks and precautions that you must follow before using the digital shift feature. The checks and precautions differ depending on whether the camera will be set for a 12 bit pixel format or for an 8 bit pixel format in your application. If you will be using a 12 bit pixel format, make this check: Use the pylon Viewer or the pylon API to set the camera for a 12 bit pixel format and no digital shift.
Standard Features 10.4.4 AW00089316000 Enabling and Setting Digital Shift You can enable or disable the digital shift feature by setting the value of the Digital Shift parameter. When the parameter is set to zero, digital shift will be disabled. When the parameter is set to 1, 2, 3, or 4, digital shift will be set to shift by 1, shift by 2, shift by 3, or shift by 4 respectively. You can set the Digital Shift parameter values from within your application software by using the Basler pylon API.
AW00089316000 Standard Features 10.5 Image Area of Interest (AOI) The image area of interest (AOI) feature lets you specify a portion of the sensor array and after each image is acquired, only the pixel information from the specified portion of the array is read out of the sensor and into the camera’s image buffer. The area of interest is referenced to the top left corner of the sensor array. The top left corner is designated as column 0 and row 0 as shown in Figure 89.
Standard Features AW00089316000 Setting the AOI By default, the AOI is set to use the full resolution of the camera’s sensor. You can change the size and the position of the AOI by changing the value of the camera’s Offset X, Offset Y, Width, and Height parameters. The value of the Offset X parameter determines the starting column for the area of interest. The value of the Offset Y parameter determines the starting row for the area of interest.
AW00089316000 Standard Features Normally, the X Offset, Y Offset, Width, and Height parameter settings refer to the physical columns and rows of pixels in the sensor. But if binning is enabled, these parameters are set in terms of "virtual" columns and rows. For more information, see Section 10.8.3 on page 270. You can set the Offset X, Offset Y, Width, and Height parameter values from within your application software by using the Basler pylon API.
Standard Features 10.6 AW00089316000 Stacked Zone Imaging (acA2000-50, acA2040-25 Only) The stacked zone imaging feature lets you define up to eight zones on the sensor array. When an image is acquired, only the pixel information from the areas within the defined zones will be read out of the sensor. The lines read out of the zones will then be stacked together and will be transmitted from the camera as a single image. Using the stacked zone imaging feature increases the camera’s frame rate.
AW00089316000 Standard Features 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 0 1 2 3 Zone 1 Offset Y 4 5 6 7 8 Zone 1 Height Zone 0 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Zone 2 Offset Y 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Zone 2 Height Zone 1 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Zone 3 34 Offset Y 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 Zone 2 Zone 3 Height 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 Offset X Width Fig.
Standard Features AW00089316000 There are several things to keep in mind when setting up zoned imaging: You are not required to enable the zones in sequence. For example, you can enable zones 2, 4, and 6 and not enable zones 1, 3, and 5. At least one zone must be enabled. Using binning effectively reduces the resolution of the camera’s imaging sensor.
AW00089316000 10.6.1 Standard Features Setting Stacked Zone Imaging Guidelines When you are setting the stacked zones, you must follow these guidelines: On all camera models: The sum of the Offset X setting plus the Width setting must not exceed the width of the camera’s sensor. For example, on the acA2000-50gm, the sum of the Offset X setting plus the Width setting must not exceed 2048.
Standard Features AW00089316000 Setting Stacked Zone Imaging Using Basler pylon You can set the parameter values associated with stacked zone imaging from within your application software by using the Basler pylon API. The following code snippets illustrate using the API to set up two zones. // Enable stacked zone imaging Camera.StackedZoneImagingEnable.SetValue( true ); // Set the width and offset X for the zones Camera.Width.SetValue( 200 ); Camera.OffsetX.
AW00089316000 Standard Features 10.7 Sequencer The sequencer feature will not work, if the auto functions feature is enabled. For more information about the auto functions feature, see Section 10.12 on page 282. The sequencer feature allows to apply specific sets of configuration parameter settings, called sequence sets, to a sequence of image acquisitions. As the images are acquired, one sequence set after the other is applied.
Standard Features AW00089316000 The following sequencer parameters determining the sequencer logic are stored in the factory set (see page 311) with default values: Sequence Enable, Sequence Set Executions, Sequence Control Source, Sequence Address Bit Source, Sequence Set Total Number, Sequence Set Index. Every time the camera is restarted, all sequencer parameters are reset to the default values, e.g.
AW00089316000 Standard Features Height X Offset Y Offset Center X Center Y Binning Horizontal Binning Vertical Pixel Format Test Image Gain Processed Raw Enable Black Level Color Adjustment Enable Color Adjustment Hue Color Adjustment Saturation Chunk Mode Active Chunk Enable Timer Delay* Timer Duration* Timer Delay Timebase* Timer Duration Timebase* Sequence Set Executions** * This parameter is available for timer 1. **This parameter is only available in auto sequence advance mode.
Standard Features AW00089316000 Sequence Advance A sequence set can only control the operation of the camera after its parameter values were loaded into the active set. The loading into the active set and therefore the selection of a sequence set as the current set for a specific image acquisition are performed according to the selected sequence advance mode.
AW00089316000 Standard Features Synchronous advance and restart Part of the standard operation of the sequencer feature and should generally be used. We strongly recommend to only use synchronous advance and synchronous restart for real-time applications. Asynchronous advance and restart Not suitable for standard operation because of the associated delays: The delay between sending a software command and it becoming effective will depend on the specific installation and the current load on the network.
Standard Features AW00089316000 The following code snippet illustrates using the API to load the sequence parameter values from sequence set 0 into the active set: // Select sequence set with index number 0 Camera.SequenceSetIndex.SetValue( 0 ); // Load the sequence parameter values from the sequence set into the active set Camera.SequenceSetLoad.Execute( ); You can also use the Basler pylon Viewer application to easily set the parameters.
AW00089316000 10.7.1.1 Standard Features Operation Operating the Sequencer The following use case (see also Figure 92) illustrates the operation of the sequencer in auto sequence advance mode. As images are captured continuously, the camera advances automatically with no action by the user from one sequence set to the next in ascending sequence set index numbers. The advance is also subject to the Sequence Set Executions parameter settings. After one sequence set cycle is complete, another one starts.
Standard Features AW00089316000 the next sequence set: The parameter values of sequence set 4 are used for the image acquisition. When the next frame start trigger was received, the camera checks the current Sequence Set Executions parameter value. Because the Sequence Set Executions parameter was set to 1 for sequence set 4, this sequence set is only used once and therefore the camera advances to the next sequence set: The parameter values of sequence set 5 are used for the image acquisition.
AW00089316000 Standard Features Use Case: Operation in auto sequence advance mode: Automatic cycling through the sequence set cycles with no action by the user. Enabling and disabling of the sequencer feature.
Standard Features 10.7.1.2 AW00089316000 Configuration Configuring Sequence Sets and Advance Control Use the following procedure for populating sequence sets and making the related settings: 1. Make sure that the sequencer feature is disabled. 2. Set the Sequence Advance Mode parameter to Auto. 3. Set the Sequence Set Total Number parameter. The maximum number is 64. 4. Select a sequence set index number by setting the Sequence Set Index parameter. The available numbers range from 0 to 63.
AW00089316000 Standard Features // Select sequence set with index number 0 Camera.SequenceSetIndex.SetValue( 0 ); // Set up the first acquisition scenario (lighting, object position, etc.) and // adjust the camera parameters for the best image quality. // Set the number of sequence set uses Camera.SequenceSetExecutions.SetValue( 1 ); // Store the sequence parameter values from the active set in the selected sequence // set Camera.SequenceSetStore.
Standard Features 10.7.2 AW00089316000 Controlled Sequence Advance Mode When the controlled sequence advance mode is selected the advance from one sequence set to the next proceeds in ascending sequence set index numbers according to the selected sequence control source: Always Active: The advance from one sequence set to the next proceeds automatically as frame triggers are received. Line 1: The states of the input line 1 control sequence set advance.
AW00089316000 Standard Features When a frame start trigger is received, the camera automatically advances to the next sequence set: The parameter values of sequence set 1 are used for the image acquisition. When the next frame start trigger is received, the camera advances to the next sequence set: The parameter values of sequence set 2 are used for the image acquisition.
Standard Features AW00089316000 Synchronous Restart You can restart the sequence cycle with input line 1 as the source for controling sequence cycle restart. In the following use case (see also Figure 94), the same settings were made as in the previous use case: The Sequence Set Total Number parameter was set to six. Accordingly, the available sequence set index numbers range from 0 through 5. The frame start trigger is set for rising edge triggering.
AW00089316000 Standard Features Make sure not to send a frame start trigger while the input line changes its state. During this period, the camera will not wait for a frame start trigger and any frame start trigger will be ignored. Make sure to only send a frame start trigger when the camera is in "waiting for frame start trigger" status. For information about possibilities of getting informed about the "waiting for frame start trigger" status, see the Acquisiton Monitoring Tools section.
Standard Features AW00089316000 Use Case: Operation in controlled sequence advance mode with Always Active as the sequence control source: Automatic cycling through the sequence set cycles with two synchronous restartscontrolled by input line 1.
AW00089316000 10.7.2.2 Standard Features Operation with the Input Line as Sequence Control Source Operating the Sequencer When the Line 1 sequence control source is selected the advance from one sequence set to the next is controlled according to the states of input line 1. The advance proceeds in ascending sequence set index numbers as frame start triggers are received.
Standard Features AW00089316000 Note also that the camera briefly exits the "waiting for frame start trigger" status while an input line changes its state. This happened when input line 1 changed its state before the second frame start trigger was received (see also Figure 95). Make sure not to send a frame start trigger while the input line changes its state. During this period, the camera will not wait for a frame start trigger and any frame start trigger will be ignored.
AW00089316000 Standard Features Another sequence set cycle has started. After frame exposure and readout are completed, the sequencer feature is disabled. The cycling through sequence sets is terminated. The sequencer parameter values in the active set return to the values that existed before the sequencer feature was enabled.
Standard Features 10.7.2.3 AW00089316000 Operation with the "Disabled" Sequence Control Source Operating the Sequencer When the Disabled sequence control source is selected the advance from one sequence set to the next proceeds in ascending sequence set index numbers and is only possible by asynchronous avance. Similarly, sequence set restart is only possible by asynchronous restart.
AW00089316000 Standard Features The AsyncAdvance command has not yet become effective because of the assumed associated delay. When the AsyncAdvance command becomes effective, the camera happens to be in "waiting for frame start trigger" status. The parameter values of the next sequence set, i.e. of sequence set 1, are loaded into the active set.
Standard Features AW00089316000 Make sure not to send a frame start trigger while the parameter values of a sequence set are loaded into the active set. During this period, the camera will not wait for a frame start trigger and any frame start trigger will be ignored. Make sure to only send a frame start trigger when the camera is in "waiting for frame start trigger" status.
AW00089316000 Standard Features Use Case: Operation in controlled sequence advance mode with Disabled sequence control source: Cycling through the sequence set cycles only due to one asynchronous advance and one asynchronous restart. Enabling and disabling of the sequencer feature.
Standard Features AW00089316000 Operating the Sequencer Using Basler pylon You can use the pylon API to set the parameters for operating the sequencer in Controlled sequence advance mode from within your application software. The following code snippet illustrates enabling and disabling the sequencer. The example assumes that sequence sets were previously configured and are currently available in the camera’s memory. // Enable the sequencer feature Camera.SequenceEnable.
AW00089316000 Standard Features Set the Sequence Control Source parameter to specify the source for restart. Never choose the same source for sequence set advance and sequence set cycle restart, with one exception: If you want to only use asynchronous advance and restart, choose Disabled as the source for advance and restart. The following sources are available: Line 1: Disabled Select a sequence set index number by setting the Sequence Set Index parameter.
Standard Features AW00089316000 // Set the Controlled sequence advance mode and set line 1 as the sequence // control source for synchronous sequence set advance Camera.SequenceAdvanceMode.SetValue( SequenceAdvanceMode_Controlled ); Camera.SequenceControlSelector.SetValue( SequenceControlSelector_Advance ); Camera.SequenceControlSource.SetValue( SequenceControlSource_Line1 ); // Set Disabled as the source because synchronous sequence set cycle restart // will not be used Camera.SequenceControlSelector.
AW00089316000 Standard Features // Enable the sequencer feature Camera.SequenceEnable.SetValue( true ); The following code snippet illustrates using the API to load the sequence parameter values from sequence set 0 into the active set: // Select sequence set with index number 0 Camera.SequenceSetIndex.SetValue( 0 ); // Load the sequence parameter values from the sequence set into the active set Camera.SequenceSetLoad.
Standard Features 10.7.3 AW00089316000 Free Selection Sequence Advance Mode When the free selection sequence advance mode is selected the advance form one sequence set to the next as frame start triggers are received does not adhere to a specific preset sequence: The sequence sets can be selected at will using the states of input line 1: The states of the input line set the sequence set addresses. These correspond to the sequence set index numbers and accordingly, the related sequence set is selected.
AW00089316000 Standard Features To ensure reliable selection of a sequence set, allow the elapse of at least one microsecond between setting the states of the input line and the rise of the frame start trigger signal. Also, maintain the state of the input line at least for one microsecond after the frame start trigger signal has risen. Note also that the camera briefly exits the "waiting for frame start trigger" status while the input line changed its state.
Standard Features AW00089316000 Use Case: Operation in free selection sequence advance mode. Sequence sets are selected at will. The selection is controlled by the states of the input line. Settings: Sequence Set Total Number = 2 Input line 1 (not set for invert) sets bit 0 of the sequence set address.
AW00089316000 Standard Features Operating the Sequencer Using Basler pylon You can use the pylon API to set the parameters for operating the sequencer in Free Selection sequence advance mode from within your application software. The following code snippet illustrates enabling and disabling the sequencer. The example assumes that sequence sets were previously configured and are currently available in the camera’s memory. // Enable the sequencer feature Camera.SequenceEnable.
Standard Features 10.7.3.2 AW00089316000 Configuration Configuring Sequence Sets and Advance Control Use the following procedure for populating sequence sets and setting the source for sequence set advance: 1. Make sure that the sequencer feature is disabled. 2. Set the Sequence Advance Mode parameter to Free Selection. 3. Set the Sequence Set Total Number parameter. The maximum number is 2. 4. Select the sequence set address bit and set the input line that will act as the control source: a.
AW00089316000 Standard Features // Set line 1 as the control source for setting sequence set address bit 0 Camera.SequenceAddressBitSelector.SetValue( SequenceAddressBitSelector_Bit0 ); Camera.SequenceAddressBitSource.SetValue( SequenceAddressBitSource_Line1 ); // Select sequence set with index number 0 Camera.SequenceSetIndex.SetValue( 0 ); // Set up the first acquisition scenario (lighting, object position, etc.) and // adjust the camera parameters for the best image quality.
Standard Features AW00089316000 10.8 Binning 10.8.1 Binning on Monochrome Cameras On all cameras, except the acA2500-14, the binning feature is only available on monochrome cameras. On the acA750-30gm, only horizontal binning by 2 is available. Binning increases the camera’s response to light by summing the charges from adjacent pixels into one pixel. Two types of binning are available: vertical binning and horizontal binning.
AW00089316000 Standard Features With horizontal binning, adjacent pixels from 2 columns, 3 columns, or a maximum of 4 columns are summed and are reported out of the camera as a single pixel. Figure 99 illustrates horizontal binning. Horizontal Binning by 2 Horizontal Binning by 3 Horizontal Binning by 4 Fig. 99: Horizontal Binning on Monochrome Cameras You can combine vertical and horizontal binning. This, however, may cause objects to appear distorted in the image.
Standard Features 10.8.2 AW00089316000 Binning on Color Cameras (acA2500-14gc Only) The acA2500-14gc color camera allows you to realize color binning, where pixel data for identical colors are binned vertically and/or horizontally. With vertical color binning, the gray values of adjacent pixels of the same color from 2 rows, 3 rows, or a maximum of 4 rows in the imaging sensor array are averaged and are reported out of the camera as a single pixel.
AW00089316000 Standard Features Combining Horizontal and Vertical Color Binning You can combine vertical and horizontal color binning (see the example in Figure 102). Example: Horizontal and Vertical Color Binning by 2 Fig. 102: Combining Vertical and Horizontal Color Binning You can combine vertical and horizontal binning. This, however, may cause objects to appear distorted in the image.
Standard Features 10.8.3 AW00089316000 Considerations When Using Binning Increased Response to Light Using binning can greatly increase the camera’s response to light. When binning is enabled, acquired images may look overexposed. If this is the case, you can reduce the lens aperture, the intensity of your illumination, the camera’s exposure time setting, or the camera’s gain setting. When using vertical binning on monochrome cameras, the limits for the minimum gain settings are automatically lowered.
AW00089316000 Standard Features Binning’s Effect on Stacked Zone Imaging (acA2000-50, acA2040-25 Only) Using binning effectively reduces the resolution of the camera’s imaging sensor. As a consequence, if binning is enabled, the positions and the sizes of the set stacked zones are automatically adapted to the applied binning factors as follows: The stacked zone imaging parameter values are divided by the corresponding binning factors (vertical and/or horizontal binning factor).
Standard Features 10.9 AW00089316000 Vertical Decimation (acA2000-50, acA2040-25 Only) The vertical decimation feature (sub-sampling) lets you specify the extent of vertical sub-sampling of the acquired frame, i.e. you can define rows that you want to be left out from transmission. The acA2000-50 and acA2040-25 cameras only support decimation in vertical direction.
AW00089316000 Standard Features You can set the Vertical Decimation parameter value from within your application software by using the Basler pylon API. The following code snippet illustrates using the API to set the parameter values: // Enable Vertical Decimation by 8 Camera.DecimationVertical.SetValue( 8); // Disable Vertical Decimation Camera.DecimationVertical.SetValue( 1 ); You can also use the Basler pylon Viewer application to easily set the parameters.
Standard Features AW00089316000 Decimation’s Effect on AOI Settings L1 If vertical decimation is activated, the camera automatically adapts the AOI settings to the modified image size based on the formulas below. For evaluating the new AOI height, the camera takes into account the number of physical lines that are between the first transmitted line (L1) and the last transmitted line (Ln), i.e. the so-called covered lines (see Figure 106).
AW00089316000 Standard Features AOI height If you use the vertical decimation feature and you reset the decimation parameter back to 1, i.e. decimation is deactivated, the AOI height can be smaller than the maximum possible height (determined by the pixel resolution in vertical direction), see examples in Table 25. In this case you can manually set the AOI height back to the maximum possible height.
Standard Features AW00089316000 10.10 Reverse X The reverse X feature is a horizontal mirror image feature. When the reverse X feature is enabled, the pixel values for each line in a captured image will be swapped end-for-end about the line’s center. This means that for each line, the value of the first pixel in the line will be swapped with the value of the last pixel, the value of the second pixel in the line will be swapped with the value of the next-to-last pixel, and so on.
AW00089316000 Standard Features Normal Image Mirror Image AOI AOI Fig. 108: Using an AOI with Reverse X Mirror Imaging For color cameras, provisions are made ensuring that the effective color filter alignment will be constant for both, normal and mirror images.
Standard Features AW00089316000 Setting Reverse X You can enable or disable the reverse X feature by setting the ReverseX parameter value. You can set the parameter value from within your application software by using the Basler pylon API. The following code snippet illustrates using the API to set the parameter value: // Enable reverse X Camera.ReverseX.SetValue(true); You can also use the Basler pylon Viewer application to easily set the parameter.
AW00089316000 Standard Features 10.11 Luminance Lookup Table Pixel data from the imaging sensor is digitized by the ADC at 12 bit depth. Whenever the camera is set for a 12 bit pixel format (e.g., Mono 12), the 12 bits transmitted out of the camera for each pixel normally represent the 12 bits reported by the camera’s ADC. The luminance lookup table feature lets you use a custom 12 bit to12 bit lookup table to map the 12 bits reported out of the ADC to 12 bits that will be transmitted by the camera.
Standard Features AW00089316000 4095 12 Bit Camera Output 3072 2048 1024 0 0 1024 2048 3072 4095 12 Bit Digitized Sensor Reading Fig. 109: Lookup Table with Values Mapped in a Linear Fashion 4095 12 Bit Camera Output 3072 2048 1024 0 0 1024 2048 3072 4095 12 Bit Digitized Sensor Reading Fig.
AW00089316000 Standard Features Using the Luminance Lookup Table to Get 8 Bit Output As mentioned above, when the camera is set for a pixel format where it outputs 12 bits, the lookup table is used to perform a 12 bit to 12 bit conversion. But the lookup table can also be used in 12 bit to 8 bit fashion. To use the table in 12 bit to 8 bit fashion, you enter 12 bit values into the table and enable the table as you normally would.
Standard Features AW00089316000 10.12 Auto Functions The auto functions feature will not work,if the sequencer feature is enabled. For more information about the sequencer feature, see Section 10.7 on page 233. 10.12.1 Common Characteristics Auto functions control image properties and are the "automatic" counterparts of certain features such as the gain feature or the white balance feature, which normally require "manually" setting the related parameter values.
AW00089316000 Standard Features You can use an auto function when binning is enabled (monochrome cameras and the acA2500-14gc only). An auto function uses the binned pixel data and controls the image property of the binned image. For more information about binning, see Section 10.8 on page 266. 10.12.2 Auto Function Operating Modes The following auto function modes of operation are available: All auto functions provide the "once" mode of operation.
Standard Features AW00089316000 If you have set an auto function to "once" or "continuous" operation mode while the camera was continuously capturing images, the auto function will become effective with a short delay and the first few images may not be affected by the auto function. 10.12.3 Auto Function AOIs Each auto function uses the pixel data from an Auto Function AOI for automatically adjusting a parameter value, and accordingly, for controlling the related image property.
AW00089316000 Standard Features Only the pixel data from the area of overlap between the Auto Function AOI defined by your settings and the Image AOI will be used by the related auto function. Column 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Row 0 1 2 3 Y Offset 4 5 6 7 8 Height Auto Function Area of Interest 9 10 11 12 13 14 Image Area of Interest 15 16 17 18 19 X Offset Width Fig.
Standard Features AW00089316000 "Intensity" auto function to Auto Function AOI 2 the Gain Auto and the Exposure Auto auto functions are both assigned to Auto Function AOI 2. This does not imply, however, that the Gain Auto and the Exposure Auto auto functions must always be used at the same time. You can assign auto functions to Auto Function AOIs from within your application software by using the pylon API.
AW00089316000 Standard Features Different degrees of overlap are illustrated in Figure 112. The hatched areas in the figure indicate areas of overlap. If the Auto Function AOI is completely included in the Image AOI (see (a) in Figure 112), the pixel data from the Auto Function AOI will be used to control the image property. If the Image AOI is completely included in the Auto Function AOI (see (b) in Figure 112), only the pixel data from the Image AOI will be used to control the image property.
Standard Features 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 AW00089316000 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Auto Function AOI 9 10 11 12 13 14 Image AOI 15 16 17 18 19 (a) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Auto Function AOI 9 10 Image AOI 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 (b) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 0 1 2 3 4 Auto Function AOI
AW00089316000 Standard Features 10.12.3.3 Setting an Auto Function AOI Setting an Auto Function AOI is a two-step process: You must first select the Auto Function AOI related to the auto function that you want to use and then set the size and the position of the Auto Function AOI. By default, an Auto Function AOI is set to the full resolution of the camera’s sensor.
Standard Features AW00089316000 illustrate setting the X Offset, Y Offset, Width, and Height parameter values. As an example, Auto Function AOI1 is selected: // Select the appropriate auto function AOI for gain auto and exposure auto // control. Currently auto function AOI 1 is predefined to gather the pixel // data needed for gain auto and exposure auto control // Set the position and size of the auto function AOI Camera.AutoFunctionAOISelector.SetValue( AutoFunctionAOISelector_AOI1 ); Camera.
AW00089316000 Standard Features 10.12.4 Gain Auto Gain Auto is the "automatic" counterpart to manually setting the Gain Raw parameter. When the gain auto function is operational, the camera will automatically adjust the Gain Raw parameter value within set limits until a target average gray value for the pixel data from the related Auto Function AOI is reached. The gain auto function can be operated in the "once" and continuous" modes of operation.
Standard Features AW00089316000 Camera.AutoFunctionAOIWidth.GetMax() ); Camera.AutoFunctionAOIHeight.SetValue( Camera.AutoFunctionAOIHeight.GetMax() ); // Select gain all and set the upper and lower gain limits for the // gain auto function Camera.GainSelector.SetValue( GainSelector_All ); Camera.AutoGainRawLowerLimit.SetValue( Camera.GainRaw.GetMin() ); Camera.AutoGainRawUpperLimit.SetValue( Camera.GainRaw.
AW00089316000 Standard Features 10.12.5 Exposure Auto The exposure auto function will not work, if the camera’s exposure mode is set to trigger width. For more information about the trigger width exposure mode, see Section 7.4.3.2 on page 99. Exposure Auto is the "automatic" counterpart to manually setting the Exposure Time Abs parameter.
Standard Features AW00089316000 Setting the exposure auto functionality using Basler pylon is a several step process: Select the Auto Function AOI 1. Set the value of the Offset X, Offset Y, Width, and Height parameters for the AOI. Set the value of the Auto Exposure Time Abs Lower Limit and Auto Exposure Time Abs Upper Limit parameters. Set the value of the Auto Target Value parameter. Set the value of the Exposure Auto parameter for the "once" or the "continuous" mode of operation.
AW00089316000 Standard Features For general information about auto functions, see Section 10.12 on page 282. For information about Auto Function AOIs and how to set them, see Section 10.12.3 on page 284. For information about minimum allowed and maximum possible exposure time, see Section 7.11 on page 140. 10.12.6 Gray Value Adjustment Damping The gray value adjustment damping controls the rate by which pixel gray values are changed when Exposure Auto and/or Gain Auto are enabled.
Standard Features AW00089316000 10.12.7 Auto Function Profile If you want to use the gain auto function and the exposure auto function at the same time, the auto function profile feature also takes effect. The auto function profile specifies whether the gain or the exposure time will be kept as low as possible when the camera is making automatic adjustments to achieve a target average gray value for the pixel data from the Auto Function AOI that was related to the gain auto and the exposure auto function.
AW00089316000 Standard Features 10.12.8 Balance White Auto Balance White Auto is the "automatic" counterpart to manually setting the white balance. The balance white auto function is only available on color models. Automatic white balancing is a two-step process. First, the Balance Ratio Abs parameter values for red, green, and blue are each set to 1.5.
Standard Features AW00089316000 For general information about auto functions, see Section 10.12 on page 282. For information about Auto Function AOIs and how to set them, see Section 10.12.3 on page 284. 10.12.9 Using an Auto Function To use an auto function, carry out the following steps: 1. Select an Auto Function AOI. 2. Assign the auto function you want to use to the selected Auto Function AOI. 3. Unassign the auto function you want to use from the other Auto Function AOI. 4.
AW00089316000 Standard Features 10.13 Minimum Output Pulse Width An output signal sent by the camera may be too narrow for some receivers to be detected.
Standard Features AW00089316000 // Select the input line Camera.LineSelector.SetValue(LineSelector_Out1); // Set the parameter value to 10.0 microseconds Camera.MinOutPulseWidthAbs.SetValue(10.0); For detailed information about using the pylon API, refer to the Basler pylon Programmer’s Guide and API Reference. You can also use the Basler pylon Viewer application to easily set the parameters. For more information about the pylon Viewer, see Section 3.1.1 on page 40.
AW00089316000 Standard Features 10.14 Event Reporting Event reporting is available on the camera. With event reporting, the camera can generate an "event" and transmit a related event message to the PC whenever a specific situation has occurred. The camera can generate and transmit events for the following types of situations: An acquisition start trigger has occured (AcquisitionStartEvent). Overtriggering of the acquisition start trigger has occurred (AcquisitionStartOvertriggerEventData).
Standard Features AW00089316000 During the time that the camera is waiting for an acknowledgement, no new event messages can be transmitted. 4. Event reporting involves making some additional software-related steps and settings. For more information, see the "Camera Events" code sample included with the pylon software development kit. The Event Queue As mentioned in the example above, the camera has an event queue.
AW00089316000 Standard Features Setting Your System for Event Reporting Event reporting must be enabled in the camera and some additional software-related settings must be made. This is described in the "Camera Events" code sample included with the pylon software development kit. Event reporting must be specifically set up for each type of event using the parameter name of the event and of the supplementary information.
Standard Features AW00089316000 10.15 Test Images All cameras include the ability to generate test images. Test images are used to check the camera’s basic functionality and its ability to transmit an image to the host PC. Test images can be used for service purposes and for failure diagnostics. For test images, the image is generated internally by the camera’s logic and does not use the optics, the imaging sensor, or the ADC. Six test images are available.
AW00089316000 Standard Features 10.15.1 Test Image Descriptions Test Image 1 - Fixed Diagonal Gray Gradient (8 bit) The 8 bit fixed diagonal gray gradient test image is best suited for use when the camera is set for monochrome 8 bit output. The test image consists of fixed diagonal gray gradients ranging from 0 to 255. If the camera is set for 8 bit output and is operating at full resolution, test image one will look similar to Figure 114.
Standard Features AW00089316000 Test Image 3 - Moving Diagonal Gray Gradient (12 bit) The 12 bit moving diagonal gray gradient test image is similar to test image 2, but it is a 12 bit pattern. The image moves by one pixel from right to left whenever a new image acquisition is initiated. The test pattern uses a counter that increments by one for each new image acquisition.
AW00089316000 Standard Features Test Image 6 - Moving Diagonal Color Gradient The moving diagonal color gradient test image is available on color cameras only and is designed for use when the camera is set for YUV output. As shown in Figure 115, test image six consists of diagonal color gradients. The image moves by one pixel from right to left whenever you signal the camera to capture a new image. To display this test pattern on a monitor, you must convert the YUV output from the camera to 8 bit RGB.
Standard Features AW00089316000 10.16 Device Information Parameters Each camera includes a set of "device information" parameters. These parameters provide some basic information about the camera. The device information parameters include: Device Vendor Name (read only) - contains the camera vendor’s name. Device Model Name (read only) - contains the model name of the camera. Device Manufacturer Info (read only) - can contain some information about the camera manufacturer.
AW00089316000 Standard Features // Read the Device ID parameter Pylon::String_t deviceID = Camera.DeviceID.GetValue(); // Write and read the Device User ID Camera.DeviceUserID = "custom name"; Pylon::String_t deviceUserID = Camera.DeviceUserID.GetValue(); // Read the Sensor Width parameter int64_t sensorWidth = Camera.SensorWidth.GetValue(); // Read the Sensor Height parameter int64_t sensorHeight = Camera.SensorHeight.GetValue(); // Read the Max Width parameter int64_t maxWidth = Camera.WidthMax.
Standard Features AW00089316000 10.17 User Defined Values The camera can store two "user defined values". These two values are 32 bit signed integer values that you can set and read as desired. They simply serve as convenient storage locations for the camera user and have no impact on the operation of the camera. The two values are designated as Value 1 and Value 2.
AW00089316000 Standard Features 10.18 Configuration Sets A configuration set is a group of values that contains all of the parameter settings needed to control the camera. There are three basic types of configuration sets: the active set, the default set, and user sets. Non-volatile Memory (Flash) User Set 1 User Set 2 The Active Set The active set contains the camera’s current parameter settings and thus determines the camera’s performance, that is, what your image currently looks like.
Standard Features AW00089316000 User Sets As mentioned above, the active configuration set is stored in the camera’s volatile memory and the settings are lost, if the camera is reset or if power is switched off. The camera can save most of the settings from the current active set to a reserved area in the camera’s non-volatile memory. A configuration set that has been saved in the non-volatile memory is not lost when the camera is reset or switched off.
AW00089316000 Standard Features 10.18.1 Selecting a Factory Setup as the Default Set When the camera is delivered, the Standard Factory Setup will be selected as the default set. You can, however, select any one of the four factory setups to serve as the default set. To select which factory setup that will serve as the default set: Set the Default Set Selector to the Standard Factory Setup, High Gain Factory Setup, Auto Functions Factory Setup or Color Factory Setup.
Standard Features AW00089316000 10.18.2 Saving a User Set Saving the current active set into a user set in the camera’s non-volatile memory is a three step process: Make changes to the camera’s settings until the camera is operating in a manner that you would like to save. Set the User Set Selector to User Set 1, User Set 2, or User Set 3. Execute a User Set Save command to save the active set to the selected user set.
AW00089316000 Standard Features 10.18.3 Loading the User Set or the Default Set into the Active Set If you have saved a configuration set into the camera’s non-volatile memory, you can load the saved set from the camera’s non-volatile memory into the camera’s active set. When you do this, the loaded set overwrites the parameters in the active set. Since the settings in the active set control the current operation of the camera, the settings from the loaded set will now be controlling the camera.
Standard Features AW00089316000 10.18.4 Selecting the Startup Set You can select the default configuration set (i.e., whichever was selected as the default configuration set, either the Standard Factory Setup, the High Gain Factory Setup, or the Auto Functions Factory Setup) or one of the user configuration sets stored in the camera’s non-volatile memory to be the "startup set".
AW00089316000 Chunk Features 11 Chunk Features This section provides detailed information about the chunk features available on each camera. 11.1 What are Chunk Features? In most cases, enabling a camera feature will simply change the behavior of the camera. The Test Image feature is a good example of this type of camera feature. When the Test Image feature is enabled, the camera outputs a test image rather than a captured image. This type of feature is referred to as a "standard" feature.
Chunk Features AW00089316000 11.2 Making the "Chunk Mode" Active and Enabling the Extended Data Stamp Before you can use any of the camera’s "chunk" features, the "chunk mode" must be made active. Making the chunk mode active does two things: It makes the frame counter, the trigger input counter, the time stamp, the line status all, the CRC checksum, and the sequence set index chunk features available to be enabled. It automatically enables the extended image data chunk feature.
AW00089316000 Chunk Features To retrieve data from the extended image data chunk appended to an image that has been received by your PC, you must first run the image and its appended chunks through the chunk parser included in the pylon API. Once the chunk parser has been used, you can retrieve the extended image data by doing the following: Read the value of the Chunk Offset X parameter. Read the value of the Chunk Offset Y parameter. Read the value of the Chunk Width parameter.
Chunk Features AW00089316000 11.3 Frame Counter The rrame counter feature numbers frames sequentially as they are acquired. When the feature is enabled, a chunk is added to each frame containing the value of the counter. The frame counter is a 32 bit value. The counter starts at 0 and increments by 1 for each acquired frame. The counter counts up to 4294967295 unless it is reset before (see below). After reaching the maximum value, the counter will reset to 0 and then continue counting.
AW00089316000 Chunk Features Result.GetPayloadSize() ); int64_t frameCounter = Camera.ChunkFramecounter.GetValue(); You can also use the Basler pylon Viewer application to easily set the parameters. For more information about the pylon API and the pylon Viewer, see Section 3 on page 39.
Chunk Features AW00089316000 // execute reset by software Camera.CounterReset.Execute(); // Disable reset Camera.CounterResetSource.SetValue( CounterResetSource_Off ); You can also use the Basler pylon Viewer application to easily set the parameters. For more information about the pylon API and the pylon Viewer, see Section 3 on page 39. For more information about using line 1 as the source signal for a frame counter reset, see Section 6.1.1 on page 67.
AW00089316000 Chunk Features 11.4 Time Stamp The time stamp feature adds a chunk to each acquired frame containing a time stamp that was generated when frame acquisition was triggered. The time stamp is a 64 bit value. The time stamp is based on a counter that counts the number of "time stamp clock ticks" generated by the camera. The unit for each tick is 8 ns (as specified by the Gev Timestamp Tick Frequency). The counter starts at camera reset or at power on.
Chunk Features AW00089316000 11.5 Trigger Input Counter The trigger input counter feature numbers external frame acquisition triggers sequentially as they are received. When the feature is enabled, a chunk is added to each image containing the value of the trigger input counter. The trigger input counter is a 32 bit value. On the first counting cycle, the counter starts at 1 and increments by 1 for each received trigger. The counter counts up to 4294967295 unless it is reset before (see below).
AW00089316000 Chunk Features ChunkParser.AttachBuffer( (unsigned char*) Result.Buffer(), Result.GetPayloadSize() ); int64_t triggerinputCounter = Camera.ChunkTriggerinputcounter.GetValue(); You can also use the Basler pylon Viewer application to easily set the parameters. For more information about the pylon API and the pylon Viewer, see Section 3 on page 39.
Chunk Features AW00089316000 Camera.CounterResetSource.SetValue( CounterResetSource_Software ); // execute reset by software Camera.CounterReset.Execute(); // Disable reset Camera.CounterResetSource.SetValue( CounterResetSource_Off ); You can also use the Basler pylon Viewer application to easily set the parameters. For more information about the pylon API and the pylon Viewer, see Section 3 on page 39.
AW00089316000 Chunk Features 11.6 Line Status All The line status all feature samples the status of the camera’s input line and output line each time a frame acquisition is triggered. It then adds a chunk to each acquired frame containing the line status information. The line status all information is a 32 bit value. As shown in Figure 117, certain bits in the value are associated with each line and the bits will indicate the state of the lines.
Chunk Features AW00089316000 Camera.ChunkEnable.SetValue( true ); // retrieve data from the chunk IChunkParser &ChunkParser = *Camera.CreateChunkParser(); GrabResult Result; StreamGrabber.RetrieveResult( Result ); ChunkParser.AttachBuffer( (unsigned char*) Result.Buffer(), Result.GetPayloadSize() ); int64_t lineStatusAll = Camera.ChunkLineStatusAll.GetValue(); You can also use the Basler pylon Viewer application to easily set the parameters.
AW00089316000 Chunk Features 11.7 CRC Checksum The CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) checksum feature adds a chunk to each acquired image containing a CRC checksum calculated using the X-modem method. As shown in Figure 6-2, the checksum is calculated using all of the image data and all of the appended chunks except for the checksum itself. The CRC chunk is always the last chunk appended to the image data.
Chunk Features AW00089316000 // Check the CRC checksum of an grabbed image IChunkParser &ChunkParser = *Camera.CreateChunkParser(); GrabResult Result; StreamGrabber.RetrieveResult( Result ); ChunkParser.AttachBuffer( (unsigned char*) Result.Buffer(), Result.GetPayloadSize() ); if ( ChunkParser.HasCRC() && ! ChunkParser.CheckCRC() ) cerr << "Image corrupted!" << endl; You can also use the Basler pylon Viewer application to easily set the parameters.
AW00089316000 Chunk Features 11.8 Sequence Set Index The sequence set index chunk feature adds a chunk to each acquired frame containing the index number of the sequence set that was used for frame acquisition. The sequencer feature must be enabled before you can enable the sequence set index feature. For more information about the sequencer feature, see the "Sequencer" section. The chunk mode must be active before you can enable the sequence set index feature or any of the other chunk features.
Chunk Features AW00089316000 Result.GetPayloadSize() ); int64_t timeStamp = Camera.ChunkSequenceSetIndex.GetValue(); You can also use the Basler pylon Viewer application to easily set the parameters.
AW00089316000 Troubleshooting and Support 12 Troubleshooting and Support This chapter outlines the resources available to you, if you need help working with your camera. 12.1 Tech Support Resources If you need advice about your camera or if you need assistance troubleshooting a problem with your camera, you can contact the Basler technical support team for your area. Basler technical support contact information is located in the front pages of this manual.
Troubleshooting and Support AW00089316000 12.3 Before Contacting Basler Technical Support To help you as quickly and efficiently as possible when you have a problem with a Basler camera, it is important that you collect several pieces of information before you contact Basler technical support. Copy the form that appears on the next two pages, fill it out, and fax the pages to your local dealer or to your nearest Basler support center.
AW00089316000 7 How often did/does the problem occur? Troubleshooting and Support Once. Every time. Regularly when: Occasionally when: 8 How severe is the problem? Camera can still be used. Camera can be used after I take this action: Camera can no longer be used. 9 10 Did your application ever run without problems? Yes No Parameter set It is very important for Basler technical support to get a copy of the exact camera parameters that you were using when the problem occurred.
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AW00089316000 Basler Network Drivers and Parameters Appendix A Basler Network Drivers and Parameters This section describes the Basler network drivers available for your camera and provides detailed information about the parameters associated with the drivers. Two network drivers are available for the network adapter used with your GigE cameras: The Basler filter driver is a basic GigE Vision network driver that is compatible with all network adapters.
Basler Network Drivers and Parameters A.1 AW00089316000 The Basler Filter Driver The Basler filter driver is a basic driver GigE Vision network driver. It is designed to be compatible with most network adapter cards. The functionality of the filter driver is relatively simple. For each frame, the driver checks the order of the incoming packets.
AW00089316000 A.2 Basler Network Drivers and Parameters The Basler Performance Driver The Basler performance driver is a hardware specific GigE Vision network driver compatible with network adapters that use specific Intel chipsets. The main advantage of the performance driver is that it significantly lowers the CPU load needed to service the network traffic between the PC and the camera(s). It also has a more robust packet resend mechanism.
Basler Network Drivers and Parameters AW00089316000 A.2.1 General Parameters Enable Resend - Enables the packet resend mechanisms. If the Enable Resend parameter is set to false, the resend mechanisms are disabled. The performance driver will not check for missing packets and will not send resend requests to the camera. If the Enable Resend parameter is set to true, the resend mechanisms are enabled. The performance driver will check for missing packets.
AW00089316000 Basler Network Drivers and Parameters Resend Request Threshold - This parameter determines the location of the resend request threshold within the receive window as shown in Figure 119. The parameter value is in per cent of the width of the receive window. In Figure 119 the resend request threshold is set at 33.33% of the width of the receive window. A stream of packets advances packet by packet beyond the resend request threshold (i.e.
Basler Network Drivers and Parameters AW00089316000 A.2.3 Timeout Resend Mechanism Parameters The timeout resend mechanism is illustrated in Figure 120 where the following assumptions are made: The frame includes 3000 packets. Packet 1002 is missing within the stream of packets and has not been recovered. Packets 2999 and 3000 are missing at the end of the stream of packets (end of the frame). The Maximum Number Resend Requests parameter is set to 3.
AW00089316000 Basler Network Drivers and Parameters Maximum Number Resend Requests - The Maximum Number Resend Requests parameter sets the maximum number of resend requests the performance driver will send to the camera for each missing packet. Resend Timeout - The Resend Timeout parameter defines how long (in milliseconds) the performance driver will wait after detecting that a packet is missing before sending a resend request to the camera.
Basler Network Drivers and Parameters AW00089316000 A.2.4 Threshold and Timeout Resend Mechanisms Combined Figure 121 illustrates the combined action of the threshold and the timeout resend mechanisms where the following assumptions are made: All parameters set to default. The frame includes 3000 packets. Packet 1002 is missing within the stream of packets and has not been recovered. Packets 2999 and 3000 are missing at the end of the stream of packets (end of the frame).
AW00089316000 Basler Network Drivers and Parameters (8) Interval defined by the Resend Response Timeout parameter (9) Because the maximum number of resend requests has been sent and the last Resend Response Timeout interval has expired, packet 1002 is now considered as lost. (10) End of the frame. (11) Missing packets at the end of the frame (2999 and 3000). (12) Interval defined by the Packet Timeout parameter.
Basler Network Drivers and Parameters AW00089316000 A.2.5 Adapter Properties When the Basler Performance driver is installed, it adds a set of "advanced" properties to the network adapter. These properties include: Max Packet Latency - A value in microseconds that defines how long the adapter will wait after it receives a packet before it generates a packet received interrupt. Max Receive Inter-packet Delay - A value in microseconds that defines the maximum amount of time allowed between incoming packets.
AW00089316000 Basler Network Drivers and Parameters A.2.6 Transport Layer Parameters The transport layer parameters are part of the camera’s basic GigE implementation. These parameters do not normally require adjustment. Read Timeout - If a register read request is sent to the camera via the transport layer, this parameter designates the time out (in milliseconds) within which a response must be received.
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AW00089316000 Network Related Camera Parameters and Managing Bandwidth Appendix B Network Related Camera Parameters and Managing Bandwidth This section describes the camera parameters that are related to the camera’s performance on the network. It also describes how to use the parameters to manage the available network bandwidth when you are using multiple cameras. B.
Network Related Camera Parameters and Managing Bandwidth AW00089316000 leader and trailer size using a total of 36 bytes, and the last data packet may be a smaller size. The payload size will be packet size minus 36 bytes. The packet size parameter should always be set to the maximum size that your network adapter and network switches (if used) can handle. Inter-packet Delay (read/write) Sets the delay in ticks between the packets sent by the camera. Applies to the selected stream channel.
AW00089316000 Network Related Camera Parameters and Managing Bandwidth Bandwidth Reserve (read/write) Used to reserve a portion of the assigned bandwidth for packet resends and for the transmission of control data between the camera and the host PC. The setting is expressed as a percentage of the Bandwidth Assigned parameter.
Network Related Camera Parameters and Managing Bandwidth AW00089316000 Time Time Period 1 2 3 4 5 6 FA&T FA&T FA&T FA&T FA&T FA&T Resends available via the bandwidth reserve 5 5 5 5 5 5 Resends needed 0 7 4 10 20 0 -2 +1 -5 15 13 14 9 Effect on the accumulator pool Resends left in the accumulator pool after frame transmission F A & T = Frame Acquired and Transmitted 7 8 9 FA&T FA&T 5 5 5 1 0 0 1 -9 +4 +5 +5 +1 0 4 9 14 15 Not enough resends availa
AW00089316000 Network Related Camera Parameters and Managing Bandwidth (6) You trigger image acquisition and during this time period, the camera acquires and transmits a frame. The bandwidth reserve setting would allow 5 resends during this time period and 1 resend is needed. The 1 resend needed is taken from the resends available via the bandwidth reserve. The other 4 resends available via the bandwidth reserve are not needed, so they are added to the accumulator pool and they bring the pool up to 4.
Network Related Camera Parameters and Managing Bandwidth AW00089316000 Device Current Throughput (read only) Indicates the actual bandwidth (in bytes per second) that the camera will use to transmit image data and chunk data given the current area of interest settings, chunk feature settings, and the pixel format setting. If the Acquisition Frame Rate abs parameter has been used to set the camera’s frame rate, the camera will use this frame rate setting to calculate the device current throughput.
AW00089316000 Network Related Camera Parameters and Managing Bandwidth // Bandwidth Reserve Accumulation Camera.GevSCBWRA.SetValue( 10 ); // Frame Jitter Max int64_t jitterMax = Camera.GevSCFJM.GetValue(); // Device Max Throughput int64_t maxThroughput = Camera.GevSCDMT.GetValue(); // Device Current Throughput int64_t currentThroughput = Camera.GevSCDCT.GetValue(); // Resulting Framerate double resultingFps = Camera.ResultingFrameRateAbs.
Network Related Camera Parameters and Managing Bandwidth B.2 AW00089316000 Managing Bandwidth When Multiple Cameras Share a Single Network Path If you are using a single camera on a GigE network, the problem of managing bandwidth is simple. The network can easily handle the bandwidth needs of a single camera and no intervention is required. A more complicated situation arises, if you have multiple cameras connected to a single network adapter as shown in Figure 122.
AW00089316000 Network Related Camera Parameters and Managing Bandwidth You can lower the data output rate on a camera by using the Inter-packet Delay parameter. This parameter adds a delay between the transmission of each packet from the camera and thus slows the data transmission rate of the camera. The higher the inter-packet delay parameter is set, the greater the delay between the transmission of each packet will be and the lower the data transmission rate will be.
Network Related Camera Parameters and Managing Bandwidth B.3 AW00089316000 A Procedure for Managing Bandwidth In theory, managing bandwidth sharing among several cameras is as easy as adjusting the interpacket delay. In practice, it is a bit more complicated because you must consider several factors when managing bandwidth. The procedure below outlines a structured approach to managing bandwidth for several cameras. The objectives of the procedure are: To optimize network performance.
AW00089316000 Network Related Camera Parameters and Managing Bandwidth Step 2 - Set the Packet Size parameter on each camera as large as possible. Using the largest possible packet size has two advantages, it increases the efficiency of network transmissions between the camera and the PC and it reduces the time required by the PC to process incoming packets. The largest packet size setting that you can use with your camera is determined by the largest packet size that can be handled by your network.
Network Related Camera Parameters and Managing Bandwidth AW00089316000 environment, you may find that a bandwidth reserve of 2% or 3% is adequate. If you are operating in an extremely noisy environment, you may find that a reserve of 8% or 10% is more appropriate. Step 4 - Calculate the "data bandwidth needed" by each camera. The objective of this step is to determine how much bandwidth (in Byte/s) each camera needs to transmit the image data that it generates.
AW00089316000 Network Related Camera Parameters and Managing Bandwidth Step 6 - For each camera, compare the data bandwidth needed with the data bandwidth assigned. For each camera, you should now compare the data bandwidth assigned to the camera (as determined in step 4) with the bandwidth needed by the camera (as determined in step 3).
Network Related Camera Parameters and Managing Bandwidth AW00089316000 For more information about the camera’s maximum allowed frame transmission rate, see Section 7.12 on page 143. For more information about the AOI, see Section 10.5 on page 225.
AW00089316000 Revision History Revision History Doc. ID Number Date Changes AW00089301000 8 Feb 2010 This release is a preliminary version of the document. AW00089302000 9 Mar 2010 Indicated that UL certification was in preparation and corrected the camera weight specified in the specification tables in Section 1 on page 1. Corrected the voltages stated in the "Voltages outside of specified range can cause damage" notice box in Section 1.8 on page 34.
Revision History AW00089316000 Doc. ID Number Date Changes AW00089311000 19 Aug 2011 Added mechanical stress test results in Section 1.4.3 on page 30. Updated the descriptions of matrix color transformation and color adjustments in Section 8.4 on page 164 and Section 10.18 on page 311. Removed the Tungsten and Daylight 5000K Color Transformation Selector parameters from Section 8.4.4 on page 172. Added Section 10.7 on page 233 describing the sequencer feature.
AW00089316000 Revision History Doc. ID Number Date Changes AW00089314000 30 Apr 2012 Section 1 Integrated the new CMOSIS sensors CMV2000-2Exx and CMV40002Exx for mono, color and mono NIR in the technical specifications tables in Section 1.2 on page 2. Integrated the spectral response curves in Section 1.3 on page 15. Section 4 Integrated functional description of the acA2000-50 and acA2040-25 models in Section 4.2 on page 44.
Revision History AW00089316000 Doc. ID Number Date Changes AW00089315000 6 Jun 2012 Section 5 Replaced figures in Section 5.7 on page 57 by simplified versions. Replaced figures in Section 5.8 on page 62 by simplified versions. Added notes in Section 5.5 on page 55, Section 5.7.1 on page 57, Section 5.8.
AW00089316000 Revision History Doc. ID Number Date Changes AW00089316000 8 Aug 2012 Section 10 Basler ace GigE Updated the minimum gain setting for the acA2000 and acA2040 models in Table 19 on page 212 and Table 20 on page 213. Inserted information in Section 10.6 on page 228 that the stacked zone imaging feature on the acA2000-50 and acA2040-25 increases the camera’s frame rate. In the sequencer feature Section 10.7: Entered sequencer parameters that are stored in the factory set.
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AW00089316000 Index Index A acquisition start overtrigger event .........301 active configuration set ..........................311 active set ...............................................233 see active configuration set adjustment damping gray value ~ ....................................295 advance asynchronous ..................................236 synchronous ....................................236 AOI, see area of interest .......................225 area of interest auto functions AOI ...............
Index auto functions factory setup ............311 color factory setup ..........................311 high gain factory setup ....................311 standard factory setup ....................311 frame start overtrigger event .................301 frame start trigger ..................................236 free selection sequence ~ set advance mode .......................260 AW00089316000 N non-sequence parameter ..................... 233 O output line electrical characteristics ...................
AW00089316000 Index sequence set advance mode auto .................................................238 controlled .........................................244 free selection ...................................260 sequence set cycle ................................236 sequence set index number ..................235 sequencer standard operation ..........................237 sets of parameters, saving ....................314 shutter global ~ ...........................................111 rolling ~ .........
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