element14 BeagleBone Black System Reference Manual April, 2014 For more information on the BeagleBoard compliant program, please visit http://beagleboard.
Acknowledgements The element14 BeagleBone Black is a “BeagleBoard compliant” product. It is identical in technical design and functionality as the specified BeagleBoard.org product (BeagleBone Black) and runs on the version of the software provided by BeagleBoard.org to element14. General support for this board is available from the BeagleBoard.org community.
BEAGLEBONE DESIGN These design materials referred to in this document are *NOT SUPPORTED* and DO NOT constitute a reference design. Only “community” support is allowed via resources at BeagleBoard.org/discuss. THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE DESIGN MATERIALS, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.
BEAGLEBONE BLACK ADDITIONAL TERMS element14 and BeagleBoard.org (Supplier) provide the enclosed BeagleBone under the following conditions: The user assumes all responsibility and liability for proper and safe handling of the goods. Further, the user indemnifies Supplier from all claims arising from the handling or use of the goods.
BEAGLEBONE WARNINGS, RESTRICTIONS AND DISCLAIMERS For Feasibility Evaluation Only, in Laboratory/Development Environments. The element14 BeagleBone Black is not a complete product. It is intended solely for use for preliminary feasibility evaluation in laboratory/development environments by technically qualified electronics experts who are familiar with the dangers and application risks associated with handling electrical mechanical components, systems and subsystems.
WARRANTY: The element14 BeagleBone Black Assembly as purchased is warranted against defects in materials and workmanship in accordance with the terms and conditions of the channel it has been purchased from. This warranty does not cover any problems occurring as a result of improper use, modifications, exposure to water, excessive voltages, abuse, or accidents. All boards will be returned via standard mail if an issue is found.
Table of Contents Contents 1.0 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................................... 13 2.0 CHANGE HISTORY ................................................................................................................................................... 13 2.1 Board Changes.............................................................................................................................
6.1.9 Power Rails .................................................................................................................................................... 43 6.1.10 Power LED ................................................................................................................................................ 47 6.1.11 TPS65217C Power Up Process ................................................................................................................ 47 6.1.
6.11.1 Power Switch ............................................................................................................................................. 73 6.11.2 ESD Protection .......................................................................................................................................... 73 6.11.3 Filter Options ............................................................................................................................................ 73 6.
FIGURES FIGURE 1 FIGURE 2 FIGURE 3 FIGURE 4 FIGURE 5 FIGURE 6 FIGURE 7 FIGURE 8 FIGURE 9 FIGURE 10 FIGURE 11 FIGURE 12 FIGURE 13 FIGURE 14 FIGURE 15 FIGURE 16 FIGURE 17 FIGURE 18 FIGURE 19 FIGURE 20 FIGURE 21 FIGURE 22 FIGURE 23 FIGURE 24 FIGURE 25 FIGURE 26 FIGURE 27 FIGURE 28 FIGURE 29 FIGURE 30 FIGURE 31 FIGURE 32 FIGURE 33 FIGURE 34 FIGURE 35 FIGURE 36 FIGURE 37 FIGURE 38 FIGURE 39 FIGURE 40 FIGURE 41 FIGURE 42 FIGURE 43 FIGURE 44 FIGURE 45 FIGURE 46 FIGURE 47 FIGURE 48 KIT CONTENTS ...................
FIGURE 49 FIGURE 50 FIGURE 51 FIGURE 52 FIGURE 53 FIGURE 54 FIGURE 55 FIGURE 56 FIGURE 58 FIGURE 57 FIGURE 59 FIGURE 60 FIGURE 61 FIGURE 62 FIGURE 63 FIGURE 64 FIGURE 65 FIGURE 66 FIGURE 67 FIGURE 68 FIGURE 69 FIGURE 70 FIGURE 71 FIGURE 72 FIGURE 73 FIGURE 74 FIGURE 75 FIGURE 76 FIGURE 77 FIGURE 78 PRU-ICSS BLOCK DIAGRAM ....................................................................................... 74 EXPANSION CONNECTOR LOCATION ....................................................................
TABLE 18 TABLE 19 TABLE 20 SINGLE CAPE CONNECTORS .......................................................................... 101 STACKED CAPE CONNECTORS ...................................................................... 102 EXPANSION VOLTAGES ................................................................................... 106 element14 is a trademark of Premier Farnell plc © 2014 Premier Farnell plc.
1.0 Introduction The element14 BeagleBone Black is identical in technical design and functionality as the specified BeagleBoard.org product (BeagleBone Black) and runs on the version of the software provided by BeagleBoard.org to element14. General support for this board is available from the BeagleBoard.org community. This document is the System Reference Manual for the elem ent14 BeagleBone Black and covers its use and design.
3.0 Connecting up Your element14 BeagleBone Black This section provides instructions on how to hook up your board. Two scenarios will be discussed: 1) Tethered to a PC and 2) As a standalone development platform in a desktop PC configuration. 3.1 What’s In the Box In the box you will find three main items as shown in Figure 1. • • • element14 BeagleBone Black miniUSB to USB Type A Cable Quick Start Guide.
3.2 Main Connection Scenarios This section will describe how to connect the board for use. This section is basically a slightly more detailed description of the Quick Start Guide that came in the box. There is also a Quick Start Guide document on the board that should also be refereed. The intent here is that someone looking to purchase the board will be able to read this section and get a good idea as to what the initial set up will be like.
All the power for the board is provided by the PC via the USB cable. In some instances, the PC may not be able to supply sufficient power for the board. In that case, an external 5VDC power supply can be used, but this should rarely be necessary. 3.3.1 Connect the Cable to the Board 1. Connect the small connector on the USB cable to the board as shown in Figure 4. The connector is on the bottom side of the board. Figure 3 USB Connection to the Board 2.
4. When the board starts to the booting process started by the process of applying power, the LEDs will come on in sequence as shown in Figure 5 below. It will take a few seconds for the status LEDs to come on, so be patient. The LEDs will be flashing in an erratic manner as it begins to boot the Linux kernel. Figure 5 3.3.
3.4 Standalone w/Display and Keyboard/Mouse In this configuration, the board works more like a PC, totally free from any connection to a PC as shown in Figure 6. It allows you to create your code to make the board do whatever you need it to do. It will however require certain common PC accessories. These accessories and instructions are described in the following section. Figure 6 Desktop Configuration Optionally an Ethernet cable can also be used for network access. 3.4.
For an up-to-date list of confirmed working accessories please go to http://elinux.org/Beagleboard:BeagleBone_Black_Accessories 3.4.2 Connecting Up the Board 1. Connect the big end of the HDMI cable as shown in Figure 7 to your HDMI monitor. Refer to your monitor Owner’s Manual for the location of your HDMI port. If you have a DVI-D Monitor go to Step 3, otherwise proceed to Step 4. Figure 7 Connect microHDMI Cable to the Monitor 2.
Figure 10 Connect Keyboard and Mouse Receiver to the Board If you have a wired USB keyboard requiring two USB ports, you will need a HUB similar to the ones shown in Figure 11. You may want to have more than one port for other devices. Note that the board can only supply up to 500mA, so if you plan to load it down, it will need to be externally powered. Figure 11 Keyboard and Mouse Hubs 4.
Figure 12 Ethernet Cable Connection Apply Power The final step is to plug in the DC power supply to the DC power jack as shown in Figure 13 below. Figure 13 External DC Power 5. The cable needed to connect to your display is a microHDMI to HDMI. Connect the microHDMI connector end to the board at this time. The connector is on the bottom side of the board as shown in Figure 14 below. element14 is a trademark of Premier Farnell plc © 2014 Premier Farnell plc.
Figure 14 Connect microHDMI Cable to the Board The connector is fairly robust, but we suggest that you not use the cable as a leash for your Beagle. Take proper care not to put too much stress on the connector or cable. 6. Booting the Board As soon as the power is applied to the board, it will start the booting up process. When the board starts to boot the LEDs will come on in sequence as shown in Figure 15 below. It will take a few seconds for the status LEDs to come on, so be patient.
While the four user LEDS can be over written and used as desired, they do have specific meanings in the image that is shipped with the board once the Linux kernel has booted. • • • • USER0 is the heartbeat indicator from the Linux kernel. USER1 turns on when the microSD card is being accessed USER2 is an activity indicator. It turns on when the kernel is not in the idle loop. USER3 turns on when the onboard eMMC is being accessed. 7. A Booted System a.
4.0 element14 BeagleBone Black Overview The element14 BeagleBone Black is the latest addition to the BeagleBoard.org family and like its predecessors, is designed to address the Open Source Community, early adopters, and anyone interested in a low cost ARM Cortex-A8 based processor.
4.1 BeagleBone Compatibility The board is intended to be compatible with the original BeagleBone as much as possible. There are several areas where there are differences between the two designs. These differences are listed below, along with the reasons for the differences. • • • • • • • • • • • Sitara AM3358BZCZ100, 1GHZ, processor. o Sorry, we just had to make it faster. 512MB DDR3L o Cost reduction o Performance boost o Memory size increase o Lower power No Serial port by default.
• 4.2 GPIO3_21 has a 24.576 MHZ clock on it. o This is required by the HDMI Framer for Audio purposes. We needed to run a clock into the processor to generate the correct clock frequency. The pin on the processor was already routed to the expansion header. In order not to remove this feature on the expansion header, it was left connected. In order to use the pin as a GPIO pin, you need to disable the clock.
4.3 Board Component Locations This section describes the key components on the board. It provides information on their location and function. Familiarize yourself with the various components on the board. 4.3.1 Connectors, LEDs, and Switches Figure 17 below shows the locations of the connectors, LEDs, and switches on the PCB layout of the board. Figure 17 • • • • • • • • • • • Connectors, LEDs and Switches DC Power is the main DC input that accepts 5V power.
4.3.2 Key Components Figure 18 below shows the locations of the key components on the PCB layout of the board. Figure 18 • • • • • • Key Components Sitara AM3358BZCZ100 is the processor for the board. Micron 512MB DDR3L or Kingston 512MB DDR3 is the Dual Data Rate RAM memory. TPS65217C PMIC provides the power rails to the various components on the board. SMSC Ethernet PHY is the physical interface to the network. Micron eMMC is an onboard MMC chip that holds up to 4GB of data.
5.0 element14 BeagleBone Black High Level Specification This section provides the high level specification of the element14 BeagleBone Black. 5.1 Block Diagram Figure 19 below is the high level block diagram of the element14 BeagleBone Black. Figure 19 5.2 element14 BeagleBone Black Key Components Processor The revision B board has moved to the Sitara AM3358BZCZ100 device. element14 is a trademark of Premier Farnell plc © 2014 Premier Farnell plc.
5.3 Memory Described in the following sections are the three memory devices found on the board. 5.3.1 512MB DDR3L A single 256Mb x16 DDR3L 4Gb (512MB) memory device is used. The memory used is one of two devices: - MT41K256M16HA-125 from Micron D2516EC4BXGGB from Kingston It will operate at a clock frequency of 400MHz yielding an effective rate of 800MHZ on the DDR3L bus allowing for 1.6GB/S of DDR3L memory bandwidth. 5.3.
5.3.5 Boot Modes As mentioned earlier, there are four boot modes: • • • • eMMC Boot…This is the default boot mode and will allow for the fastest boot time and will enable the board to boot out of the box using the pre-flashed OS image without having to purchase an microSD card or an microSD card writer. SD Boot…This mode will boot from the microSD slot.
DDR3L requires 1.5V instead of 1.8V on the DDR2 as is the case on the original BeagleBone. The 1.8V regulator setting has been changed to 1.5V for the DDR3L. The LDO3 3.3V rail has been changed to 1.8V to support those rails on the processor. LDO4 is still 3.3V for the 3.3V rails on the processor. An external LDOTLV70233 provides the 3.3V rail for the rest of the board. 5.5 PC USB Interface The board has a miniUSB connector that connects the USB0 port to the processor.
plugged into the board or you have a power hungry device or hub plugged into the host port, then more current may needed from the DC supply. Power routed to the board via the expansion header could be provided from power derived on a cape. The DC supply should be well regulated and 5V +/-.25V. 5.9 Reset Button When pressed and released, causes a reset of the board. The reset button used on the element14 BeagleBone Black is a little larger than the one used on the original BeagleBone.
5.12 CTI JTAG Header A place for an optional 20 pin CTI JTAG header is provided on the board to facilitate the SW development and debugging of the board by using various JTAG emulators. This header is not supplied standard on the board. To use this, a connector will need to be soldered onto the board. If you need the JTAG connector you can solder it on yourself. No other components are needed. The connector is made by Samtec and the part number is FTR-110-03-G-D-06. You can purchase it from www.newark.com.
6.0 Detailed Hardware Design This section provides a detailed description of the Hardware design. This can be useful for interfacing, writing drivers, or using it to help modify specifics of your own design. Figure 20 below is the high level block diagram of the board. For those who may be concerned, Figure 20 is the same figure as Figure 19 back on page 31. It is placed here again for convenience so it is closer to the topics to follow.
6.1 Power Section Figure 21 is the high level block diagram of the power section of the board. Figure 21 High Level Power Block Diagram This section describes the power section of the design and all the functions performed by the TPS65217C. 6.1.1 TPS65217C PMIC The main Power Management IC (PMIC) in the system is the TPS65217C which is a single chip power management IC consisting of a linear dual-input power path, three step-down converters, and four LDOs. LDO stands for Low Drop Out.
can be forced into fixed frequency PWM using the I2C interface. The step-down converters allow the use of small inductors and capacitors to achieve a small footprint solution size. LDO1 and LDO2 are intended to support system standby mode. In normal operation, they can support up to 100mA each. LDO3 and LDO4 can support up to 285mA each. By default only LDO1 is always ON but any rail can be configured to remain up in SLEEP state.
Figure 22 TPS65217C Block Diagram 6.1.2 DC Input Figure 23 below shows how the DC input is connected to the TPS65217C. element14 is a trademark of Premier Farnell plc © 2014 Premier Farnell plc.
Figure 23 TPS65217 DC Connection A 5VDC supply can be used to provide power to the board. The power supply current depends on how many and what type of add-on boards are connected to the board. For typical use, a 5VDC supply rated at 1A should be sufficient. If heavier use of the expansion headers or USB host port is expected, then a higher current supply will be required. The connector used is a 2.1MM center positive x 5.5mm outer barrel. The 5VDC rail is connected to the expansion header.
expansion headers, so capes that require the 5V rail to supply the cape direct, bypassing the TPS65217C, will not have that rail available for use. The 5VDC supply from the USB port is provided on the SYS_5V, the one that comes from the TPS65217C, rail of the expansion header for use by a cape. Figure 24 is the connection of the USB power input on the PMIC. Figure 24 USB Power Connections 6.1.
6.1.5 Power Button A power button is connected to the input of the TPS65217C. This is a momentary switch, the same type of switch used for reset and boot selection on the board. If you push the button the TPS65217C will send an interrupt to the processor. It is up to the processor to then pull the PMIC_POWER_EN pin low at the correct time to power down the board. At this point, the PMIC is still active, assuming that the power input was not removed.
6.1.7 Power Consumption The power consumption of the board varies based on power scenarios and the board boot processes. Measurements were taken with the board in the following configuration: • • • • • • DC powered and USB powered HDMI monitor connected USB HUB 4GB Thumbdrive Ethernet connected @ 100M Serial debug cable connected Table 3 is an analysis of the power consumption of the board in these various scenarios.
6.1.8.3 LDO_GOOD This signal connects to the RTC_PORZn signal, RTC power on reset. The small n indicates that the signal is an active low signal. Word processors seem to be unable to put a bar over a word so the n is commonly used in electronics. As the RTC circuitry comes up first, this signal indicates that the LDOs, the 1.8V VRTC rail, is up and stable. This starts the power up process. 6.1.8.4 PMIC_PGOOD Once all the rails are up, the PMIC_PGOOD signal goes high.
Figure 25 6.1.9.1 Power Rails VRTC Rail The VRTC rail is a 1.8V rail that is the first rail to come up in the power sequencing. It provides power to the RTC domain on the processor and the I/O rail of the TPS65217C. It can deliver up to 250mA maximum. 6.1.9.2 VDD_3V3A Rail The VDD_3V3A rail is supplied by the TPS65217C and provides the 3.3V for the processor rails and can provide up to 400mA. 6.1.9.3 VDD_3V3B Rail element14 is a trademark of Premier Farnell plc © 2014 Premier Farnell plc.
The current supplied by the VDD_3V3A rail is not sufficient to power all of the 3.3V rails on the board. So a second LDO is supplied, U4, a TL5209A, which sources the VDD_3V3B rail. It is powered up just after the VDD_3V3A rail. 6.1.9.4 VDD_1V8 Rail The VDD_1V8 rail can deliver up to 400mA and provides the power required for the 1.8V rails on the processor and the HDMI framer. This rail is not accessible for use anywhere else on the board. 6.1.9.5 VDD_CORE Rail The VDD_CORE rail can deliver up to 1.
Figure 26 Power Rail Power Up Sequencing Figure 27 the voltage rail sequencing for the TPS65217C as it powers up and the voltages on each rail. The power sequencing starts at 15 and then goes to one. That is the way the TPS65217C is configured. You can refer to the TPS65217C datasheet for more information. Figure 27 element14 is a trademark of Premier Farnell plc © 2014 Premier Farnell plc.
6.1.10Power LED The power LED is a blue LED that will turn on once the TPS65217C has finished the power up procedure. If you ever see the LED flash once, that means that the TPS65217C started the process and encountered an issue that caused it to shut down. The connection of the LED is shown in Figure 25. 6.1.11 TPS65217C Power Up Process Figure 28 shows the interface between the TPS65217C and the processor. It is a cut from the PDF form of the schematic and reflects what is on the schematic.
6.1.12 Processor Control Interface Figure 28 above shows two interfaces between the processor and the TPS65217C used for control after the power up sequence has completed. The first is the I2C0 bus. This allows the processor to turn on and off rails and to set the voltage levels of each regulator to supports such things as voltage scaling. The second is the interrupt signal. This allows the TPS65217C to alert the processor when there is an event, such as when the optional power button is pressed.
6.1.13.3 Voltage Scaling For a mode where the lowest power is possible without going to sleep, this mode allows the voltage on the ARM processor to be lowered along with slowing the processor frequency down. The I2C0 bus is used to control the voltage scaling function in the TPS65217C. 6.2 Sitara AM3358BZCZ100 Processor The board is designed to use either the Sitara AM3358BZCZ100 processor in the 15 x 15 package. 6.2.1 Description Figure 29 is a high level block diagram of the processor.
6.2.2 High Level Features Table 4 below shows a few of the high level features of the Sitara processor. Table 4 Processor Features Linux, Android, Windows Operating Systems bedded CE,QNX, ThreadX MMC/SD 3 Standby Power 7 mW CAN 2 ARM CPU 1 ARM Cortex-A8 UART (SCI) 6 ARM MHz (Max.) 275,500,600,800,1000 ADC ARM MIPS (Max.
6.2.4 Crystal Circuitry Figure 30 is the crystal circuitry for the AM3358B processor. Figure 30 Processor Crystals 6.2.5 Reset Circuitry Figure 31 is the board reset circuitry. The initial power on reset is generated by the TPS65217C power management IC. It also handles the reset for the Real Time Clock. The board reset is the SYS_RESETn signal. This is connected to the NRESET_INOUT pin of the processor. This pin can act as an input or an output.
Figure 31 Board Reset Circuitry DDR3L Memory The element14 BeagleBone Black uses a single MT41K256M16HA-125 512MB DDR3L device from Micron that interfaces to the processor over 16 data lines, 16 address lines, and 14 control lines. The following sections provide more details on the design. 6.2.6 Memory Device The design supports the standard DDR3 and DDR3L x16 devices and us built using the DDR3L. A single x16 device is used on the board and there is no support for two x8 devices.
6.2.7 DDR3L Memory Design Figure 32 is the schematic for the DDR3L memory device. Each of the groups of signals is described in the following lines. Address Lines: Provide the row address for ACTIVATE commands, and the column address and auto pre-charge bit (A10) for READ/WRITE commands, to select one location out of the memory array in the respective bank. A10 sampled during a PRECHARGE command determines whether the PRECHARGE applies to one bank (A10 LOW, bank selected by BA[2:0]) or all banks (A10 HIGH).
Figure 32 DDR3L Memory Design Chip Select Line: CS# enables (registered LOW) and disables (registered HIGH) the command decoder. All commands are masked when CS# is registered HIGH. CS# provides for external rank selection on systems with multiple ranks. CS# is considered part of the command code. CS# is referenced to VREFCA. Input Data Mask Line: DM is an input mask signal for write data. Input data is masked when DM is sampled HIGH along with the input data during a write access.
6.2.8 Power Rails The DDR3L memory device and the DDR3 rails on the processor are supplied by the TPS65217C. Default voltage is 1.5V but can be scaled down to 1.35V if desired. 6.2.9 VREF The VREF signal is generated from a voltage divider on the VDDS_DDR rail that powers the processor DDR rail and the DDR3L device itself. Figure 33 below shows the configuration of this signal and the connection to the DDR3L memory device and the processor.
6.3 4GB eMMC Memory The eMMC is a communication and mass data storage device that includes a MultiMediaCard (MMC) interface, a NAND Flash component, and a controller on an advanced 11-signal bus, which is compliant with the MMC system specification. The nonvolatile eMMC draws no power to maintain stored data, delivers high performance across a wide range of operating temperatures, and resists shock and vibration disruption.
Figure 34 eMMC Memory Design The pins used by the eMMC1 in the boot mode are listed below in Table 5. Table 5 eMMC Boot Pins For eMMC devices the ROM will only support raw mode. The ROM Code reads out raw sectors from image or the booting file within the file system and boots from it. In raw mode the booting image can be located at one of the four consecutive locations in the main area: offset 0x0 / 0x20000 (128 KB) / 0x40000 (256 KB) / 0x60000 (384 KB).
6.4 Board ID EEPROM The BeagleBone is equipped with a single 32Kbit(4KB) 24LC32AT-I/OT EEPROM to allow the SW to identify the board. Table 6 below defined the contents of the EERPOM. Table 6 EEPROM Contents Name Header Size (bytes) Contents 4 0xAA, 0x55, 0x33, EE Board Name 8 Name for board in ASCII: A335BONE Version 4 Serial Number 12 Hardware version code for board in ASCII: A3 for Rev A3, 00A4 for Rev A4, 00A5 for Rev A5, 00A6 for Rev A6. Serial number of the board.
6.5 Micro Secure Digital The microSD connector on the board will support a microSD card that can be used for booting or file storage on the element14 BeagleBone Black. 6.5.1 microSD Design Figure 36 below is the design of the microSD interface on the board. Figure 36 microSD Design The signals MMC0-3 are the data lines for the transfer of data between the processor and the microSD connector. The MMC0_CLK signal clocks the data in and out of the microSD card.
6.6 User LEDs There are four user LEDs on the element14 BeagleBone Black. These are connected to GPIO pins on the processor. Figure 37 shows the interfaces for the user LEDs. Figure 37 User LEDs Resistors R71-R74 was changed to 4.75K on the revision A5B board. Table 7 shows the signals used to control the four LEDs from the processor. Table 7 User LED Control Signals/Pins A logic level of “1” will cause the LEDs to turn on. element14 is a trademark of Premier Farnell plc © 2014 Premier Farnell plc.
6.7 Boot Configuration The design supports two groups of boot options on the board. The user can switch between these modes via the Boot button. The primary boot source is the onboard eMMC device. By holding the Boot button, the user can force the board to boot from the microSD slot. This enables the eMMC to be overwritten when needed or to just boot an alternate image. The following sections describe how the boot configuration works.
LCD panels. If you choose to override these settings, it is strongly recommended that you gate these signals with the SYS_RESETn signal. This ensures that after coming out of reset these signals are removed from the expansion pins. 6.8 Default Boot Options Based on the selected option found in Figure 39 below, each of the boot sequences for each of the two settings is shown. Figure 39 Processor Boot Configuration The first row in Figure 39 is the default setting.
6.9.1 Ethernet Processor Interface Figure 40 shows the connections between the processor and the PHY. The interface is in the MII mode of operation. Figure 40 Ethernet Processor Interface This is the same interface as is used on the BeagleBone. No changes were made in this design for the board. element14 is a trademark of Premier Farnell plc © 2014 Premier Farnell plc.
6.9.2 Ethernet Connector Interface The off board side of the PHY connections are shown in Figure 41 below. Figure 41 Ethernet Connector Interface This is the same interface as is used on the BeagleBone. No changes were made in this design for the board. element14 is a trademark of Premier Farnell plc © 2014 Premier Farnell plc.
6.9.3 Ethernet PHY Power, Reset, and Clocks Figure 42 shows the power, reset, and lock connections to the LAN8710A PHY. Each of these areas is discussed in more detail in the following sections. Figure 42 6.9.3.1 Ethernet. PHY, Power, Reset and Clocks VDD_3V3B Rail The VDD_3V3B rail is the main power rail for the LAN8710A. It originates at the VD_3V3B regulator and is the primary rail that supports all of the peripherals on the board.
6.9.3.3 PHY_VDDCR Rail The PHY_VDDCR rail originates inside the LAN8710A. Filter and bypass capacitors are used to filter the rail. Only circuitry inside the LAN8710A uses this rail. 6.9.3.4 SYS_RESET The reset of the LAN8710A is controlled via the SYS_RESETn signal, the main board reset line. 6.9.3.5 Clock Signals A crystal is used to create the clock for the LAN8710A. The processor uses the RMII_RXCLK signal to provide the clocking for the data between the processor and the LAN8710A. 6.9.
6.10 HDMI Interface The element14 BeagleBone Black has an onboard HDMI framer that converts the LCD signals and audio signals to drive a HDMI monitor. The design uses an NXP TDA19988 HDMI Framer. The following sections provide more detail into the design of this interface. 6.10.1 Supported Resolutions The maximum resolution supported by the element14 BeagleBone Black is 1280x1024 @ 60Hz. Table 8 below shows the supported resolutions.
6.10.2 HDMI Framer The TDA19988 is a High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) 1.4a transmitter. It is backward compatible with DVI 1.0 and can be connected to any DVI 1.0 or HDMI sink. The HDCP mode is not used in the design. The non-HDCP version of the device is used in the element14 BeagleBone Black design. This device provides additional embedded features like CEC (Consumer Electronic Control).
Figure 44 6.10.4 HDMI Framer Processor Interface HDMI Control Processor Interface In order to use the TDA19988, the processor needs to setup the device. This is done via the I2C interface between the processor and the TDA19988. There are two signals on the TDA19988 that could be used to set the address of the TDA19988. In this design they are both tied low. The I2C interface supports both 400kHz and 100KhZ operation. Table 9 shows the I2C address. Table 9 TDA19988 I2C Address 6.10.
6.10.6 Audio Interface There is an I2S audio interface between the processor and the TDA19988. Stereo audio can be transported over the HDMI interface to an audio equipped display. In order to create the required clock frequencies, and external 24.576MHz oscillator, Y4, is used. From this clock, the processor generates the required clock frequencies for the TDA19988. There are three signals used to pass data from the processor to the TDA19988. SCLK is the serial clock.
6.10.7 Power Connections Figure 46 shows the power connections to the TDA19988 device. All voltage rails for the device are at 1.8V. A filter is provided to minimize any noise from the 1.8V rail getting back into the device. Figure 46 HDMI Power Connections All of the interfaces between the processor and the TDA19988 are 3.3V tolerant allowing for direct connection. 6.10.8 HDMI Connector Interface Figure 47 shows the design of the interface between the HDMI Framer and the connector.
Figure 47 Connector Interface Circuitry The connector for the HDMI interface is a microHDMI. It should be noted that this connector has a different pinout than the standard or mini HDMI connectors. D6 and D7 are ESD protection devices. element14 is a trademark of Premier Farnell plc © 2014 Premier Farnell plc.
6.11 USB Host The board is equipped with a single USB host interface accessible from a single USB Type A female connector. Figure 48 is the design of the USB Host circuitry. Figure 48 6.11.1 USB Host Circuitry Power Switch U8 is a switch that allows the power to the connector to be turned on or off by the processor. It also has an over current detection that can alert the processor if the current gets too high via the USB1_OC signal. The power is controlled by the USB1_DRVBUS signal from the processor.
6.12 PRU-ICSS The PRU-ICSS module is located inside the AM3358 processor. Access to these pins is provided by the expansion headers and is multiplexed with other functions on the board. Access is not provided to all of the available pins. All documentation is located at http://github.com/beagleboard/am335x_pru_package. This feature is not supported by Texas Instruments. 6.12.
6.12.3 PRU-ICSS Pin Access Both PRU 0 and PRU1 are accessible from the expansion headers. Some may not be useable without first disabling functions on the board like LCD for example. Listed below is what ports can be accessed on each PRU. PRU0 • 8 outputs or 9 inputs PRU1 • 13 outputs or 14 inputs • UART0_TXD, UART0_RXD, UART0_CTS, UART0_RTS Table 10 below shows which PRU-ICSS signals can be accessed on the element14 BeagleBone Black and on which connector and pins they are accessible from.
7.0 Connectors This section describes each of the connectors on the board. 7.1 Expansion Connectors The expansion interface on the board is comprised of two 46 pin connectors. All signals on the expansion headers are 3.3V unless otherwise indicated. NOTE: Do not connect 5V logic level signals to these pins or the board will be damaged. NOTE: DO NOT APPLY VOLTAGE TO ANY I/O PIN WHEN POWER IS NOT SUPPLIED TO THE BOARD. IT WILL DAMAGE THE PROCESSOR AND VOID THE WARRANTY.
7.1.1 Connector P8 Table 11 shows the pinout of the P8 expansion header. Other signals can be connected to this connector based on setting the pin mux on the processor, but this is the default settings on power up. The SW is responsible for setting the default function of each pin. There are some signals that have not been listed here. Refer to the processor documentation for more information on these pins and detailed descriptions of all of the pins listed.
Table 11 PI 1,2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 PRO NAM MODE MODE Expansion Header P8 Pinout MODE2 MODE3 MODE4 MODE5 MODE6 GND R9 T9 R8 T8 R7 T7 T6 U6 R12 T12 T10 T11 U13 V13 U12 V12 U10 V9 U9 V8 U8 V7 U7 V6 U5 V5 R5 R6 V4 T5 V3 U4 V2 U3 U1 U2 T3 T4 T1 T2 R3 R4 R1 R2 GPIO1_6 GPIO1_7 GPIO1_2 GPIO1_3 TIMER4 TIMER7 TIMER5 TIMER6 GPIO1_13 GPIO1_12 EHRPWM2B GPIO0_26 GPIO1_15 GPIO1_14 GPIO0_27 GPIO2_1 EHRPWM2A
7.1.2 Connector P9 Table 12 lists the signals on connector P9. Other signals can be connected to this connector based on setting the pin mux on the processor, but this is the default settings on power up. There are some signals that have not been listed here. Refer to the processor documentation for more information on these pins and detailed descriptions of all of the pins listed.
Table 12 Expansion Header P9 Pinout *GPIO3_21 is also the 24.576MHZ clock input to the processor to enable HDMI audio. To use this pin the oscillator must be disabled. element14 is a trademark of Premier Farnell plc © 2014 Premier Farnell plc.
7.2 Power Jack The DC power jack is located next to the RJ45 Ethernet connector as shown in Figure 51. This uses the same power connector as is used on the original BeagleBone. The connector has a 2.1mm diameter center post (5VDC) and a 5.5mm diameter outer dimension on the barrel (GND). 5VDC Power Jack Figure 51 5VDC Power Jack The board requires a regulated 5VDC +/-.25V supply at 1A. A higher current rating may be needed if capes are plugged into the expansion headers.
7.3 USB Client The USB Client connector is accessible on the bottom side of the board under the row of four LEDs as shown in Figure 52. It uses a 5 pin miniUSB cable, the same as is used on the original BeagleBone. The cable is provided with the board. The cable can also be used to power the board. USB Client Connector Figure 52 USB Client Connector This port is a USB Client only interface and is intended for connection to a PC.
7.4 USB Host There is a single USB Host connector on the board and is shown in Figure 53 below. USB Host Connector Figure 53 USB Host Connector The port is USB 2.0 HS compatible and can supply up to 500mA of current. If more current or ports is needed, then a HUB can be used.
7.5 Serial Header Each board has a debug serial interface that can be accessed by using a special serial cable that is plugged into the serial header as shown in Figure 54 below. Serial Debug Connector Pin 1 Figure 54 Serial Debug Header Two signals are provided, TX and RX on this connector. The levels on these signals are 3.3V. In order to access these signals, a FTDI USB to Serial cable is recommended as shown in Figure 55 below.
Pin 1 of the cable is the black wire. That must align with the pin 1 on the board which is designated by the white dot on the PCB. Refer to the support WIKI http://elinux.org/Beagleboard:BeagleBoneBlack for more sources of this cable and other options that will work. Table is the pinout of the connector as reflected in the schematic. It is the same as the FTDI cable which can be found at http://www.ftdichip.com/Support/Documents/DataSheets/Cables/DS_TTL232R_CABLES.
7.6 HDMI Access to the HDMI interface is through the HDMI connector that is located on the bottom side of the board as shown in Figure 57 below. HDMI Connector Figure 57 HDMI Connector The connector is microHDMI connector. This was done due to the space limitations we had in finding a place to fit the connector. It requires a microHDMI to HDMI cable as shown in Figure 58 below. The cable can be purchased from several different sources.
7.7 microSD A microSD connector is located on the backside of the board as shown in Figure 59 below. The microSD card is not supplied with the board. microSD Connector Figure 59 microSD Connector When plugging in the SD card, the writing on the card should be up. Align the card with the connector and push to insert. Then release. There should be a click and the card will start to eject slightly, but it then should latch into the connector.
7.8 Ethernet The board comes with a single 10/100 Ethernet interface located next to the power jack as shown in Figure 60. 10/100 Ethernet Figure 60 Ethernet Connector The PHY supports AutoMDX which means either a straight or a swap cable can be used 7.9 JTAG Connector A place for an optional 20 pin CTI JTAG header is provided on the board to facilitate the SW development and debugging of the board by using various JTAG emulators. This header is not supplied standard on the board.
8.0 Cape Board Support The element14 BeagleBone Black has the ability to accept up to four expansion boards or capes that can be stacked onto the expansion headers. The word cape comes from the shape of the board as it is fitted around the Ethernet connector on the main board. This notch acts as a key to ensure proper orientation of the cape.
8.1 element14 BeagleBone Black Cape Compatibility The main expansion headers are the same between the BeagleBone and element14 BeagleBone Black. While the pins are the same, some of these pins are now used on the element14 BeagleBone Black. The following sections discuss these pins. The Power Expansion header was removed from the element14 BeagleBone Black and is not available. PAY VERY CLOSE ATTENTION TO THIS SECTION AND READ CAREFULLY!! 8.1.
• • • When used for other functions, the HDMI framer cannot be used. There is no way to power off the framer as this would result in the framer being powered through these input pins which would not a be a good idea. These pins are also the SYSBOOT pins. DO NOT drive them before the SYS_RESETN signal goes high. If you do, the board may not boot because you would be changing the boot order of the processor.
On power up, the eMMC is NOT reset. If you hold the Boot button down, this will force a boot from the microSD. This is not convenient when a cape is plugged into the board. There are two solutions to this issue: 1. Wipe the eMMC clean. This will cause the board to default to microSD boot. If you want to use the eMMC later, it can be reprogrammed. 2. You can also tie LCD_DATA2 low on the cape during boot. This will be the same as if you were holding the boot button.
Figure 61 Expansion Board EEPROM Without Write Protect The addressing of this device requires two bytes for the address which is not used on smaller size EEPROMs, which only require only one byte. Other compatible devices may be used as well. Make sure the device you select supports 16 bit addressing. The part package used is at the discretion of the cape designer. 8.2.
The I2C signals require pullup resistors. Each board must have a 5.6K resistor on these signals. With four capes installed this will be an effective resistance of 1.4K if all capes were installed and all the resistors used were exactly 5.6K. As more capes are added the resistance is reduced to overcome capacitance added to the signals. When no capes are installed the internal pullup resistors must be activated inside the processor to prevent I2C timeouts on the I2C bus.
Version 38 4 Hardware version code for board in ASCII. Version format is up to the developer. i.e. 02.1…00A1....10A0 ASCII name of the manufacturer. Company or individual’s name. Manufacturer 42 16 Part Number 58 16 ASCII Characters for the part number. Up to maker of the board. Number of Pins 74 2 Number of pins used by the daughter board including the power pins used. Decimal value of total pins 92 max, stored in HEX. Serial number of the board.
Bit 2-0 1= Pullup/pulldown disabled MUX MODE SELECT Mode 0-7. (refer to TRM) Refer to the TRM for proper settings of the pin MUX mode based on the signal selection to be used. The AIN0-6 pins do not have a pin mux setting, but they need to be set to indicate if each of the pins is used on the cape. Only bit 15 is used for the AIN signals. element14 is a trademark of Premier Farnell plc © 2014 Premier Farnell plc.
Table 17 15 Off set Conn Name 88 P9-22 90 P9-21 92 P9-18 UART2_RX D UART2_TX D I2C1_SDA 94 P9-17 I2C1_SCL 96 P9-42 GPIO0_7 98 P8-35 100 P8-33 102 P8-31 104 P8-32 106 P9-19 UART4_CTS N UART4_RTS N UART5_CTS N UART5_RTS N I2C2_SCL 108 P9-20 I2C2_SDA 110 P9-26 112 P9-24 114 P9-41 UART1_RX D UART1_TX D CLKOUT2 116 P8-19 118 P8-13 120 P8-14 EHRPWM2 A EHRPWM2 B GPIO0_26 122 P8-17 GPIO0_27 124 P9-11 126 P9-13 128 P8-25 UART4_RX D UART4_TX D GPIO1_0 130 P8-24
15 Off set Conn 154 P9-23 GPIO1_17 156 P9-14 158 P9-16 160 P9-12 EHRPWM1 A EHRPWM1 B GPIO1_28 162 P8-26 GPIO1_29 164 P8-21 GPIO1_30 166 P8-20 GPIO1_31 168 P8-18 GPIO2_1 170 P8-7 TIMER4 172 P8-9 TIMER5 174 P8-10 TIMER6 176 P8-8 TIMER7 178 P8-45 GPIO2_6 180 P8-46 GPIO2_7 182 P8-43 GPIO2_8 184 P8-44 GPIO2_9 186 P8-41 GPIO2_10 188 P8-42 GPIO2_11 190 P8-39 GPIO2_12 192 P8-40 GPIO2_13 194 P8-37 196 P8-38 198 P8-36 200 P8-34 202 P8-27 UART5_TX
15 Off set Conn Name 14 13 12 11 10 Pin Type Usage 0 8.3 222 P9-39 AIN0 224 P9-40 AIN1 226 P9-37 AIN2 228 P9-38 AIN3 230 P9-33 AIN4 232 P9-36 AIN5 234 P9-35 AIN6 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 Reserved 0 0 0 P P U S U / L R D E X P E W D N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 Mux Mode 0 0 0 Pin Usage Consideration This section covers things to watch for when hooking up to certain pins on the expansion headers. 8.3.
If you plan to use any of these signals, then on power up, these pins should not be driven. If you do, it can affect the boot mode of the processor and could keep the processor from booting or working correctly. If you are designing a cape that is intended to be used as a boot source, such as a NAND board, then you should drive the pins to reconfigure the boot mode, but only at reset.
The connector is typically mounted on the bottom side of the board as shown in Figure 65. These are very common connectors and should be easily located. You can also use two single row 23 pin headers for each of the dual row headers. Figure 65 Single Cape Expansion Connector It is allowed to only populate the pins you need. As this is a non-stacking configuration, there is no need for all headers to be populated. This can also reduce the overall cost of the cape. This decision is up to the cape designer.
Figure 66 Expansion Connector The connector is mounted on the top side of the board with longer tails to allow insertion into the element14 BeagleBone Black. Figure 67 is the connector configuration for the connector. Figure 67 Stacked Cape Expansion Connector For convenience listed in Table 19 are some possible choices for part numbers on this connector. They have varying pin lengths and some may be more suitable than others for your use.
8.4.3 Stacked Capes w/Signal Stealing Figure 68 is the connector configuration for stackable capes that does not provide all of the signals upwards for use by other boards. This is useful if there is an expectation that other boards could interfere with the operation of your board by exposing those signals for expansion. This configuration consists of a combination of the stacking and nonstacking style connectors. Figure 68 8.4.
Figure 69 Connector Pin Insertion Depth To calculate the amount of the pin that extends past the Point of Contact, use the following formula: Overhang=Total Pin Length- PCB thickness (.062) - contact point (.079) The longer the pin extends past the contact point, the more force it will take to insert and remove the board. Removal is a greater issue than the insertion. 8.5 Signal Usage Based on the pin muxing capabilities of the processor, each expansion pin can be configured for different functions.
DO NOT APPLY VOLTAGE TO ANY I/O PIN WHEN POWER IS NOT SUPPLIED TO THE BOARD. IT WILL DAMAGE THE PROCESSOR AND VOID THE WARRANTY. NO PINS ARE TO BE DRIVEN UNTIL AFTER THE SYS_RESET LINE GOES HIGH. element14 is a trademark of Premier Farnell plc © 2014 Premier Farnell plc.
8.6 Cape Power This section describes the power rails for the capes and their usage. 8.6.1 Main Board Power The Table 20 describes the voltages from the main board that are available on the expansion connectors and their ratings. All voltages are supplied by connector P9. The current ratings listed are per pin.
5V signal into the VDD_5V rail, the main board can be supplied. This voltage must not exceed 5V. You should not supply any voltage into any other pin of the expansion connectors. Based on the board design, this rail is limited to 1A per pin to the element14 BeagleBone Black. There are several precautions that need to me taken when working with the expansion headers to prevent damage to the board. 1) 2) 3) 4) Do not apply any voltages to any I/O pins when the board is not powered on.
Figure 70 Cape Board Dimensions A slot is provided for the Ethernet connector to stick up higher than the cape when mounted. This also acts as a key function to ensure that the cape is oriented correctly. Space is also provided to allow access to the user LEDs and reset button on the main board. Some people have inquired as to the difference in the radius of the corners of the element14 BeagleBone Black and why they are different. This is a result of having the BeagleBone fit into the Altoids style tin.
There are numerous enclosures being created in all different sizes and styles. The mechanical design of these enclosures is not being defined by this specification. The ability of these designs to handle all shapes and sizes of capes, especially when you consider up to four can be mounted with all sorts of interface connectors, it is difficult to define a standard enclosure that will handle all capes already made and those yet to be defined.
9.0 element14 BeagleBone Black Mechanical 9.1 Dimensions and Weight 9.2 Size Max height : 3.5” x 2.15” (86.36mm x 53.34mm) : .187” (4.76mm) PCB Layers PCB thickness :6 : .062” RoHS Compliant : Yes Weight: 1.4 oz Silkscreen and Component Locations Figure 71 element14 is a trademark of Premier Farnell plc © 2014 Premier Farnell plc.
Figure 72 element14 is a trademark of Premier Farnell plc © 2014 Premier Farnell plc.
Figure 73 element14 is a trademark of Premier Farnell plc © 2014 Premier Farnell plc.
10.0 Pictures Figure 74 element14 is a trademark of Premier Farnell plc © 2014 Premier Farnell plc.
Figure 75 element14 is a trademark of Premier Farnell plc © 2014 Premier Farnell plc.
11.0 Support Information All support for this design is through the BeagleBoard.org community at: beagleboard@googlegroups.com or http://beagleboard.org/discuss . 11.1 Hardware Design Design documentation can be found on the eMMC of the board under the documents/hardware directory when connected using the USB cable. Provided there is: • • • • • • Schematic in PDF Schematic in OrCAD (Cadence Design Entry CIS 16.
11.3 RMA Support If you feel your board is defective or has issues, please request an RMA from the channel you purchased the element14 BeagleBone Black. You will need the serial number and revision of the board. Figure 76 Figure 77 Initial Serial Number format element14 is a trademark of Premier Farnell plc © 2014 Premier Farnell plc.
11.4 Trouble Shooting HDMI Issues Many people are having issues with getting HDMI to work on their TV/Display. Unfortunately, we do not have the resources to buy all the TVs and Monitors on the market today nor go to Ebay and buy all of the TVs and monitors made over the last five years to thoroughly test each and every one. We are depending on community members to help us get these tested and information provided on how to get them to work.
11.4.3 OUT OF SEQUENCE Sometimes the display and the board can get confused. One way to prevent this is after everything is cabled up and running, you can power cycle the display, with the board still running. You can also try resetting the board and let it reboot to resync with the TV. 11.4.4 OVERSCAN Some displays use what is called overscan. This can be seen in TVs and not so much on Monitors. It causes the image to be missing on the edges, such that you cannot see them displayed.
