Pilot’s Guide KNS 80 Bendix/King VORILOCIGSIDMERNAV Integrated NAV System
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 KNS 80 controls, functions and displays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RNAV Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . What is a waypoint? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RNAV Geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Linear crosstrack deviation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
KNS 80 c )
Controls,functions and displays - 12. 9.- I- Battery compartment 1 3. 1 4. 1 5. 1 8. Numerical displays are 7-segment gaseous discharge lights. Modes and operating status information are annunciated by individually lighted abbreviations. The KNS 80 illustration above shows all display legends lighted. In actual operation, only the appropriate operating legends will be annunciated. Using the illustration above as a reference, they are: Controls: 1. Power ON/OFF and audio volume control.
the “data storage bin” (1, 2, 3 or 4) which is being displayed. DATA may be used for either loading data into a “storage bin” or checking previously loaded data. 8. USE is a momentary push button that selects the VOR/LOC frequency and waypoint parameters to be used for navigation. Pushing USE transfers the data displayed (DSP) to “in use” (USE). To “use” a waypoint, it must first be displayed by means of DSP. It may then be put into use by pushing USE.
RNAV Review Area navigation (RNAV) is a method of point-to-point navigation along any desired course within the service area of a VOR/DME (VORTAC) station, without the need for flight over the station. This course is defined by “waypoints” What is a waypoint? A waypoint is a predetermined geographic position located within the service area of a VORlDME station. It may be used for route definition and/or progress reporting.
Variations in along-tram aisrance while operating in RNAV modes Under certain conditions, VOR scalloping can contribute significant variation in the smoothness of the along-track distance while operating in the RNAV modes VOR scalloping is defined as imperfectionor deviation in the received VOR signal which causes radials to deviate from a standard track VOR scalloping IS generally the result of reflection from buildings, terrain or other aircraft This deviation or scalloping effect causes the CDI needle t
Along Track/Crosstrack Error Legend: Flightpath Crosstrack (coursewidth) error Along track (distance) error WAY POINT This illustration shows the along track and crosstrack errors that can occur with the RNAV working with a conventional VORTAC ground station.
How to interpret the Along TLacklCrosstrack Error chart The illustration shows four (4) flight paths to waypoints being offset varying distances from the VORTAC. You will note that in flight path 1 the offset distance is zero. Or, in other words, the waypoint is located over the VORTAC. In this case the along-track and crosstrack error is minimum. This is because the along-track error is totally derived from the DME and the crosstrack error from the VOR.
Learninato use the KNS 80 is easv You can load your VOR/DME frequencies and RNAV waypoint information in flight as you proceed to your destination if you wish and, as you will see, do it easily For this demonstration of how to use the KNS 80 we have a flight plan from Kansas City direct to Memphis, for which we have charted our course and RNAV waypoints We have been cleared, after takeoff, to hold a 210" heading until we reach 2,500 ft MSL, then to Waypoint 1 and direct to Memphis The wavDoints we have es
- - - - - - - - NM KT M#N I RNV 7 11s IZI CI 1-1 r-, FRQ I I ENR 1-1 I LI -I. -I USE I I 7 DSP N Lto replace out compartment batteries PUN l h n on the KNS 80 1.Turn the system on by rotating the ON/OFF switch clockwise. This control is also a push-pull switch. The “out” position allows you to hear VOR/LOC ident tones. The “in” position mutes the ident tones. When the system is turned ON, the last information being displayed before previous turn-off will again be displayed.
ENR RNV USE DIP KNS 80 Load Waypoint 1 data (114.00 ANX/255.O0/20.0 nm) 3.Put waypoint "1"in the DSP window by depressing the DSP button. (If there is a "2"in the DSP window initially, you will push the DSP buttonthree times to go through the 2-3-4-1sequence to reach "l".
5. Select your waypoint 1 radial (255.0”) by first depressing the DATA button. This will cause the radial for the previous waypoint 1 to appear in the data display over the annunciation “RAD”. Select your radial (255.0) with the data input controls. The outer knob controls the 10” and 100” digits; the center knob “in” position controls the 1 digit and the center knob “out” position controls the 0.1” digit. O 6. Select your waypoint 1 distance (20.
- - - I I NM I 1 RNV 111 1-1 1-1 L C FRQ I ENR I I Ll.Ll -1 c USE DSP KNS 80 I NAV ! LC id waypoint 2 data (116.Su SGF/350.0°/4u.u nm) 7.Put waypoint “2” in the DSP window by depressing the DSP button. The data display will automatically display the frequency of the last selected number 2 waypoint and “FRQ” will be annunciated. All other displays will remain as before. I USL RNV nem 8.Load waypoint 2 frequency (116.90) using the data input controls as before.
-:- *I I I I 7 1-1 -/ l-1. ,-~ '-:-. IJ , , :D ENR I I RNV DSP NAV SYSTEM USE KNS 80 (10) 10. Load waypoint 2 distance (40.0 nm) by again pushing the DATA button. The last selected waypoint 2 distance will appear in the data display and "DST" annunciated. Then select your new waypoint 2 distance using the data input controls. You now have all data for your second waypoint loaded and in memory. Following the same procedure you may load all four waypoints.
waypoint 1. CDI or HSI will also be flagged until both VOR and DME are valid. Groundspeed and time-to-station information will not be accurate unless you are flying directly to or from the VORTAC or waypoint. You have determined that you want to fly a 112" course to the first waypoint, so you place 112" under the lubber line on your CDI (using the OBS knob on the CDI) and fly to center the needle. Soon after you are on course direct to waypoint 1, your groundspeed and TTS will become accurate.
Change over to waypoint 2 13. At 30 nm outbound from waypoint 1, you decide to change over to waypoint 2: Depress the DSP button and the number 2 will appear (blinking) over the DSP annunciation and your waypoint 2 frequency will appear in the data display. Your DME display will not change because waypoint 1 data is still “in use.” At this point, if you desire, you can recheck your waypoint 2 radial and distance data in the data display by depressing the DATA button for each.
3 c VOR USE DSP NAV SYSTEM KNS 80 RNV/ENR disappears from the mode annunciation space on your KNS 80 and VOR appears. The distance display will change to 42 0 (because it now shows distance to the VORTAC instead of to the waypoint). Groundspeed (KTS) and time-to-station (MIN) displays will also change accordingly. Center the needle on your CDI to show the course direct to the SGF VORTAC. However, the CDI will display conventional (angular) crosstrack deviation of +lo" full scale.
PliR VDR 1 I KNSBO 5 r-HLD ILS USE -1 c DSP NAV SYSTEM VOR and DME frequency are again the same. The DME HOLD button will remain depressed (it is a two-position button). Thus the HOLD button functions as a Hold “ARM” when in the “in” position and actual Hold (HLD) annunciation occurs only when VOR/ILS and DME frequencies are different.
SPLZIFICATIONS Size: (includinp mounting rack) Length: 11.19' (28.4 cm), 11.99" (30.5 cm) with rear connector Height: 3.0" (7.6 cm) Width: 6.31" (16.0 cm) Weight: 6 Ibs. (2.7 Kg) Power requirements: 11 to 33 VDC, 25 watts 1.8A @ 13.75 VDC .9 A @ 27.50 VDC Batteries:2 Silver Oxide Cells (Eveready 303BP or equiv.) DME Section Transmitter Power Output: 50 W min. (100 W tPiC?l) ensitivity: -82 dbm min.
