Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) Operation Manual ©Copyright 2019 by Bird Technologies, Inc. Instruction Book Part Number 920-Fiber-DAS Rev. P5 Delta Node® is a registered trademark of Delta Node Solutions Ltd. and Bird Technologies, Inc.
Safety Precautions The following are general safety precautions that are not necessarily related to any specific part or procedure, and do not necessarily appear elsewhere in this publication. These precautions must be thoroughly understood and apply to all phases of operation and maintenance. WARNING Keep Away From Live Circuits Operating Personnel must at all times observe general safety precautions.
Safety Precautions Safety Symbols WARNING Warning notes call attention to a procedure, which if not correctly performed, could result in personal injury. CAUTION Caution notes call attention to a procedure, which if not correctly performed, could result in damage to the instrument. Note: Calls attention to supplemental information. The laser used in this system is a Class 3b laser that produces invisible infra-red coherent light. Avoid looking into connected fibers and receptacles.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) Warning Statements The following safety warnings appear in the text where there is danger to operating and maintenance personnel and are repeated here for emphasis. WARNING This is NOT a consumer device. It is design for installation by FCC LICENSEES and QUALIFIED INSTALLERS. You MUST have an FCC LICENSE or express consent of an FCC licensee to operate this device. You MUST register Class B signal boosters (as defined in 47 CFR 90.219) online at www.fcc.
Safety Precautions Caution Statements The following equipment cautions appear in the text and are repeated here for emphasis. CAUTION Turn Off Test Tone Do not forget to turn off the test tone when you are done with your uplink. Better check one extra time. They will otherwise interfere with the normal operation of the system by causing noise to the base station.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) Safety Statements USAGE ANY USE OF THIS INSTRUMENT IN A MANNER NOT SPECIFIED BY THE MANUFACTURER MAY IMPAIR THE INSTRUMENT’S SAFETY PROTECTION. USO EL USO DE ESTE INSTRUMENTO DE MANERA NO ESPECIFICADA POR EL FABRICANTE, PUEDE ANULAR LA PROTECCIÓN DE SEGURIDAD DEL INSTRUMENTO. BENUTZUNG WIRD DAS GERÄT AUF ANDERE WEISE VERWENDET ALS VOM HERSTELLER BESCHRIEBEN, KANN DIE GERÄTESICHERHEIT BEEINTRÄCHTIGT WERDEN.
Safety Precautions SERVICE SERVICING INSTRUCTIONS ARE FOR USE BY SERVICE - TRAINED PERSONNEL ONLY. TO AVOID DANGEROUS ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT PERFORM ANY SERVICING UNLESS QUALIFIED TO DO SO. SERVICIO LAS INSTRUCCIONES DE SERVICIO SON PARA USO EXCLUSIVO DEL PERSONAL DE SERVICIO CAPACITADO. PARA EVITAR EL PELIGRO DE DESCARGAS ELÉCTRICAS, NO REALICE NINGÚN SERVICIO A MENOS QUE ESTÉ CAPACITADO PARA HACERIO. WARTUNG ANWEISUNGEN FÜR DIE WARTUNG DES GERÄTES GELTEN NUR FÜR GESCHULTES FACHPERSONAL.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) About This Manual This manual covers the operating & maintenance instructions for Bird’s Fiber-DAS system, see "Model Identification" on page 155 for a breakdown of models covered in this manual. Changes to this Manual We have made every effort to ensure this manual is accurate. If you discover any errors, or if you have suggestions for improving this manual, please send your comments to our Solon, Ohio factory. This manual may be periodically updated.
Table of Contents Safety Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii Warning Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii Caution Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) Master Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Power Supply Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 BIU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table of Contents FOR Fiber Network Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 FOR Application Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Slave FOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chapter 1 Introduction The Bird fiber distributed antenna system (Fiber-DAS) was developed from the start with fiber-optic cable as the distribution medium. This allows for excellent radio performance and best in class system noise figure of less than 3 dB, from the remote unit antenna port to the base station interface port. The Bird Fiber-DAS system is a flexible and scalable solution, meaning the system can be tailored for almost any requirement.
Introduction Definitions The following abbreviations, industry standard lingo and acronyms are used in this document. BGW BIU BTS DAS DL Downlink Fiber Fiber-DAS FOI FOR GSM ICU iDEN LTE MFU PIM QMA RBS RGW RU SC-APC Base station Gateway, see "Base Station Gateway (BGW)" on page 4 Base station interface. Also known as the DIU. It is the electrical interface between the Master Frame Unit (MFU) and the operator radio base station or another source for the radio signals, such as a off-air repeater.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) Single mode fiber SMA Switch TETRA UL UMTS Uplink SC-PC SC-UPC RF WCDMA W-CDMA 3 Single Mode Fiber has a relatively narrow diameter, through which only one mode will propagate typically 1310nm or 1550nm. Single Mode Fiber is required for analog modulated systems such as the Bird Fiber-DAS system. Sub-miniature version A. A Type of RF Connector. A network switch is a computer networking device that connects devices together on a computer network.
Chapter 2 System Description The Fiber-DAS system typically consists of three main segments: Gateway — The Gateway acts as a firewall ensuring internal traffic on the system remains internal and at the same time allowing a web interface for monitoring and supervision. The gateway also handles SNMP traps.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) Northbound communication to CGW Includes firewall to protect local net Portal to your Master Unit User-provided certificate based security via HTTPS Figure 2 Base Station Gateway The BGW has two Ethernet ports - INT and EXT. The INT port is connected to the internal network in the headend’s Master Unit to provide the local network for all the modules and the Remote Units.
System Description Remote Gateway (RGW) The RGW is a small unit similar to the BGW but intended for small systems where there are only a few remotes or where there is no headend. The RGW has a form factor that allows it to be mounted inside a repeater casing. The RGW can be used to run up to 4 Remote Units from a single Repeater on a single Fiber. The RGW has the capability to connect northbound to a CGW, just like the BGW, and it can also forward alarms through a VPN tunnel to a CGW.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) Master Frame Unit (MFU) The Master Frame Unit (MFU) houses the Power Supplies, Base Station Interface Units (BIU), Interconnection Units (ICU), and Fiber-Optic Interface (FOI) cards. Figure 3 shows an MFU equipped with 3 BIUs, 6 FOIs and one Power Supply. Figure 3 Master Frame Unit Functional description One MFU supports several modules, or combination of module types. The modules can be placed anywhere in the frame.
System Description Base Station Interface Unit (BIU) The Base Station Interface Unit (BIU) is the interface between the operator’s base station and the Fiber-DAS system. The primary purpose of the BIU is to adjust uplink and downlink signal levels.The BIU is powered from the MFU backplane and communicates via Ethernet with the BGW.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) The BIU has four QMA ports (female type) that are normally used to connect it to an ICU. There are two uplink (input, RX) ports and two downlink (output, TX) ports. These are two separate paths, the isolation between DL 1 and DL 2 ports and the isolation between the UL 1 and UL 2 ports is > 50 dB. There are two separate RF paths in the BIU. The BIU is configured for the specific frequency band it will serve.
System Description The schematic in Figure 6 shows one of the channels in the BIU. The signal detector for the downlink level alarms is shown in the top right corner. The UL1 and UL2 uplink test ports are 3 dB lower than the signal on the corresponding DL/UL BTS port. Figure 6 Schematic of One BIU RF Path Table 4 lists standard cellular BIU’s.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) Table 5 RF and Electrical Performance of the BIU Parameter Downlink attenuation Uplink Gain for modules < 1000 MHz Uplink Gain for modules > 1000 MHz IM3 performance Max input non-destructive High input alarm threshold level Low input alarm threshold level Input return loss Impedance for all RF ports Isolation between ports Power consumption Temperature range Table 6 Value Settable Settable Settable 10-30 ± 3 dB 10 to 20 ± 3 dB -10 to 10 ± 3 dB > 55 dB < 36
System Description Figure 7 BIU Interfaces DL/UL BTS 1 DL/UL BTS 1 DL OUT 1 DL OUT 1 TP UL 1 TP UL 1 EXTERNAL ALARM UL IN 1 UL IN 1 DL/UL BTS 2 DL/UL BTS 2 DL OUT 2 DL OUT 2 TP UL 2 TP UL 2 ALM ALM UL IN 2 ON ON UL IN 2 BIU Item DL/UL BTS 1 / 2 TP UL 1/2 DL OUT 1/2 UL IN 1/2 EXTERNAL ALARMS ON/ALM LED BIU Description Connection from the radio base station (RBS). Test port for the uplink of the DL/UL BTS port. The signal will be 3dB below the DL/UL BTS port.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) Interconnect Unit (ICU) Interconnect units (ICU) are used to couple signals between the BIUs and the FOIs. The functional purpose of the ICU is: Downlink - Split the signal from the BIU and route the balanced signals (minus insertion loss) to the FOIs. Uplink - Combine the signals from the FOIs and route the sum of the signals (minus insertion loss) to the BIU. The RF ports on the ICU are QMA.
System Description Rack-mount ICU (DIU301, DIU302) The Rack-mount ICU is a 1U unit that contains four fields containing splitters/combiners. Each field is capable of splitting one input into eight outputs or combining eight inputs into one output. Figure 10 Rack-mount ICU Each of the 4 fields has a COMMON port and ports 1-8.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) Fiber Optic Interface (FOI) unit The FOI converts the RF signals in the downlink to fiber-optical laser output that is transmitted on the fiber to the remote unit. It also receives the laser light transmitted by the Remote Unit and converts it back to RF signals that are then routed to the ICU and/or BIU.
System Description DOI300 Series FOI The DOI300 series supports a single fiber optic link. The fiber-optic interface can either be a WDM (DOI302) which is most commonly used or an optional duplex feed with separate UL and DL fibers (DOI301). Bird also offers a WDM option (DOI380x). The WDM utilizes the duplex feed style card but the wavelength for the downlink are defined by the "x" in the DOI380x part number. Note that the Remote Unit will need to be ordered with the correct WDM uplink wavelength.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) Figure 14 FOI Downlink Block Diagram Attenuator 1 Downlink 1 Attenuator 2 Downlink 1 STEP ATT STEP ATT STEP ATT STEP ATT Attenuator 1 Downlink 2 Attenuator 2 Downlink 2 DETECTOR DL IN 1 TP DL DL IN 2 MONITOR TX-LVL LASER DRIVER DETECTOR ETHERNET MODEM OPTO OUT The RF drive levels are measured and accessible in the web interface. TP DL is a test point measurement port for the downlink path.
System Description Figure 16 DOI301/302 Interfaces OPTO IN OPTO IN/OUT OPTO OUT UL OUT 1 UL OUT 1 TP UL TP UL RES RES UL OUT 2 UL OUT 2 DL IN 1 DL IN 1 TP DL TP DL ON ON ALM ALM DL IN 2 DL IN 2 FOI FOI DOI302 With WDM DOI301 Without WDM Item Description OPTO IN/OUT SC-APC connection for the optical fiber. DOI302 module with built in WDM has a single connector (combined RX/TX). DOI301 module without WDM has two connectors, one for TX and one for RX.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) DOI380X FOI The DOI380X offers a Coarse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM) solution that allows up to 16 optical wavelengths to share one single-mode fiber. CWDM helps end users overcome limited fiber infrastructure issues when multiple sectors are required, when MIMO solutions are required, or when the fiber needs to be shared with other services such as IP cameras or private IP systems.
System Description DOI401 FOI The DOI401 four port FOI is very similar to DOI302 expect that it has four WDM optical ports instead of one. This allows the user to install dedicated fibers to each Remote Unit without having to balance optical splitter link budgets for each remote in a group. The balanced splitter loss is accounted for in the 7 dBo link budget of the DOI401. Unlike the DOI302, the DOI401 does not require the UL optical signals to be on different wavelengths.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) PSU – the rack power supply The Power Supply Unit provides DC power to the Master Unit backplane. The unit is shipped as 240 VAC or 115 VAC units depending on the country. A -48 VDC input is offered as an option. Figure 18 PSU AC Power Supply DC Power Supply Functional description The AC power supply can handle up to 16 cards or one chassis full of cards.
System Description Remote Unit (RU) Remote units are available in a wide range of frequencies, gain and output power to cater to support a variety of requirements. Remote units are also capable of supporting more than one frequency band in a single unit. Chassis types Remote units (RUs) are available in two chassis, a single compact chassis for 1-2 bands and a dual chassis for up to 4 bands (Figure 19 ).
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) DDR ETSI standard Bird’s Distributed Radio head is a high performing wideband radio head equipped with a linear power amplifier supporting all modulations. The light weight, convection cooled IP65 chassis secures the performance in almost any environment. Table 18 General Specifications Noise Figure, Typical Delay excluding optical fiber Power Supply Standard Optional Operating Temperature Casing Table 19 3 dB < 0.
System Description FCC/IC standard Bird’s Distributed Radio head is a high performing wideband radio head equipped with a linear power amplifier supporting all modulations. The light weight, convection cooled IP65 chassis secures the performance in almost any environment. Table 22 General Specifications Noise Figure, Typical Delay excluding optical fiber Power Supply Standard Optional Operating Temperature Casing Table 23 3 dB < 0.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) IC RF Exposure — Equipment operating in the Cellular band should be installed and operated with the following minimum distance of between the radiator and your body: LTE 700 MHz (DDR700) iDEN 800MHz (DDR850) PCS 1900MHz (DDR1900) AWS-1 2100MHz (DDR2100) AWS-3 2155MHz (DDRAWS3) WCS 2300 MHz IMT-E 2600MHz (DDR2600) 269.0 cm 269.7 cm 197.3 cm 171.4 cm 138.6 cm 135.5 cm 166.
System Description FCC RF Exposure — This equipment complies with the FCC RF radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with the following minimum distances between the radiator and your body. VHF public safety band Low Band UHF public safety band UHF public safety band 700MHz public safety band 800MHz public safety band 69.1 cm - This distance must be maintained when a 10.5dBi antenna is used. 36.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) DDS Bird's DDS series distributed high power radio head is a high performing wideband radio head equipped with a Pre Distortion power amplifier that supports all modulations. The light weight, convection cooled IP65 chassis secures the performance in almost any environment.
System Description IC RF Exposure — Equipment operating in the Cellular band should be installed and operated with the following minimum distance of between the radiator and your body: LTE LB 700 MHz LTE UB 700 MHz 850MHz PCS 1900MHz AWS 2100MHz 445.1 cm 501 cm 475 cm 362 cm 351 cm If system will operate on multiple bands, the separation distance required shall be equal to, or greater than, the band with the largest separation distance.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) DDH Bird's Distributed High power radio head is a high performing wideband radio head equipped with a feed forward multi carrier power amplifier that supports all modulations. The light weight, convection cooled IP65 chassis secures the performance in almost any environment. ETSI standard Table 31 General Specifications Noise Figure, Typical Delay excluding optical fiber Power Supply Standard Optional Operating Temperature Casing Table 32 3 dB < 0.
System Description FCC standards Table 35 General Specifications Noise Figure, Typical Delay excluding optical fiber Instantaneous Band Width, Max Power Supply Standard Optional Operating Temperature Casing Table 36 3 dB < 0.5 μs 15 MHz 85 – 264 VAC -32 to -100 VDC -25 to 55 °C (-13 to 131 °F) IP65 Specifications DDH100 (Single Band) Power Consumption, max, DDH100 210 W 11.8 x 5.1 x 27.6 in. 30 x 13 x 70 cm < 34 lbs (15.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) IC RF Exposure — Equipment operating in the Cellular band should be installed and operated with the following minimum distance of between the radiator and your body: 2600 LTE (DDH 2600) AWS3 (DDHAWS3) PCS1900 (DDH1900) Cellular (DDH850) 410.1 cm 438.4 cm 455.2 cm 597.9 cm If system will operate on multiple bands, the separation distance required shall be equal to, or greater than, the band with the largest separation distance.
System Description DDU Bird's Distributed High power radio head is a high performing wideband radio head equipped with a feed forward multi carrier power amplifier that supports all modulations. The light weight, convection cooled IP65 chassis secures the performance in almost any environment. FCC standards Table 39 General Specifications Noise Figure, Typical Delay excluding optical fiber Instantaneous Band Width, Max Power Supply Standard Optional Operating Temperature Casing Table 40 3 dB < 0.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) IC RF Exposure — Equipment operating in the Cellular band should be installed and operated with the following minimum distance of between the radiator and your body: DDU-700LC DDU-700UC DDU-850 DDU-AWS3 (2100MHz) DDU-1900 (PCS 1900MHz) 897.3 cm 889.8 cm 884.6 cm 643.0 cm 623.
System Description Remote Unit Frequency Summary Table 43 ETSI Bands Band 3GPP Band DL Frequency DDR Max Composite DDH Max Composite 88 - 108 22 - 136 - 174 136 - 174 22 - 380-385 410-415 415-420 452.5-457.5 832-862 880-915 1710-1785 1920-1980 2500-2570 390-395 420-425 425-430 462.5-467.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) DMU – Remote head end Bird's DMU100 series is a compact head end that can function as a low power repeater or BTS interface. The unit can directly support up to 4 remotes or can fiber feed a Headend Master Unit. Remote access is provided by either the Bird RGW or via Ethernet connection. The unit is a rugged convection cooled, IP65 chassis designed for outdoor locations.
System Description Repeaters Bird Technologies offers a wide variety of repeaters to boost off air signals. The repeated signals can feed passive DAS or can be used as an input into the active DAS. DMR 400 Series Rack Mount Repeater The DMR 400 is designed to fit in the Headend Master Frame along with the BIU and FOI cards.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) Table 45 DMR400 Specifications Gain Noise Figure - Typical Delay Dimensions Weight (module) Operating Temperature Table 46 Available Products, Cellular, FCC Band DMR405 DMR404 DMR407 DMR408 DMR419 DMR420 Table 47 700 Lower 700 Upper IDEN Cellular PCS1900 AWS 37 Uplink Downlink Pout, DL & UL Standard 698 - 716 776 - 787 806 - 824 824 - 849 1850 - 1915 1710 - 1755 728 - 746 746 - 757 851 - 869 869 - 894 1930 - 1995 2110 - 2155 25 dBm 25 dBm 25 dBm 25
System Description DLR 600 Series Low Power Repeater The DLR 600 low power repeater is designed for environments where low signal levels are required. Although small, the unit still offers Bird’s feature rich functions such as self-oscillation protection, fast AGC, link symmetry functionality, SNMP and remote access via Ethernet or the Bird Remote Gateway.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) DMR600 Series Medium Power Repeater The DMR 600 is a medium power repeater with band selective capabilities.
System Description DMR 800Series Medium Power Repeater DMR800 repeater platform with medium power band selective repeaters is designed for a small form factor, high performance and a long lifetime. It can be used for coverage enhancement in up to medium sized indoor environments.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) DHR 800 Series High Power Repeater The DHR 800 offers a high power solution in a light weight, convection cooled IP65 chassis. The unit offers Bird's feature rich functions such as self-oscillation protection, fast AGC, link symmetry functionality, SNMP and remote access via Ethernet or the Bird Remote Gateway all in a rugged IP65 chassis. Figure 27 DHR 800 Series High Power Repeater The DHR repeater family offers link symmetry settings.
System Description Table 58 Available Products, Cellular, FCC Band DHR807 DHR808 DHR819 DHR820 Table 59 Uplink Downlink Pout, DL & UL Standard 806-824 824-849 1850-1915 1710-1755 851-869 869-894 1930-1995 2110-2155 33(DL)/25(UL) 33(DL)/25(UL) 33(DL)/25(UL) 33(DL)/25(UL) FCC FCC FCC FCC Band Uplink Downlink Pout, DL & UL Standard TETRA, Public Safety TETRA, Commercial TETRA, Commercial CDMA450 GSM-R EGSM900 GSM1800 UMTS 2100 380-385 410-415 415-420 453-457.
Chapter 3 Installation guidelines WARNING This is NOT a consumer device. It is designed for installation by FCC LICENSEES and QUALIFIED INSTALLERS. You MUST have an FCC LICENSE or express consent of an FCC licensee to operate this device. You MUST register Class B signal boosters (as defined in 47 CFR 90.219) online at www.fcc.gov/signal-boosters/registration. Unauthorized use may result in significant forfeiture penalties, including penalties in excess of $100,000 for each continuing violation.
Installation guidelines Cable Routing/Antenna Selection Ensure all cables, e.g. power cable, fiber-optic cable, Antenna cables are routed and secured in accordance with local/national requirements while avoiding damage to the cables. Antennas and coax cables are selected as part of the DAS system design and may vary with location, frequency, and power level requirements. Use only authorized and approved antennas, cables and/or coupling devices.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) Tools and Material Requirements Fiber Optics All fiber optic cables, including patch cords, must be SINGLE MODE. Multi-mode fiber is not supported. Bird equipment is designed to be used with only SC/APC fiber connectors. All connection points in the fiber must either be fusion spliced or equipped with APC connectors. UPC connectors anywhere in the fiber path will cause degradation in the performance of the equipment.
Installation guidelines Installing Headend Equipment All equipment must be properly grounded. Ground peg in the main connector for both head-end gear (Master Unit) and remote gear (Remote Units) must be connected to Phase, Neutral and Ground in a proper way before power is connected. The chassis of the remote and the rack of the master unit should be grounded to a potential bar or safety grounding bar when operated. All electrical installations should be done by a certified electrician only.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) Master Unit The Master Unit is designed to be installed in a 19" rack. Before installing, consider cable routing for all cards to be installed in the Master Unit. The installer may want to consider horizontal cable managers to be mounted above and below the Master Unit to aid in the installation and ongoing maintenance of the system. Each card in the Master Unit will require an Ethernet connection to the BGW in order to be programmed and monitored.
Installation guidelines Power Supply Unit Bird Technologies offers two different power supplies for the Master Unit: AC (DPU-301) and DC (DPU-302). The power supply can be located in a Master Unit other than the one it is powering. Each power supply is shipped with one Molex power supply jumper. If redundant power supplies are required additional power supply jumper(s) will need to be ordered. The power supply uses four slots on the Master Unit.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) PSU DPU-302 The DPU-302 uses a HAN four prong Heavy Duty Power Connector. The DC to DC DPU-302 power supply has in input rating of -36 VDC to -72 VDC. The DPU-302 requires the installer to provide 18 AWG wire for the HAN 3 A plug kit (Harting P/N 10 20 003 0002) that is provided with the power supply. See Table 63 for connector pinout. The DC power supply can support a single Master Frame Unit with up to 12 cards (BIU, FOI, ICU).
Installation guidelines BIU CAUTION Overdriving the RF source input into the BIU will cause permanent equipment failure and will void the warranty. The installer must ensure that input levels are not exceeded. Plan for maximum power out of the RF source and attenuate accordingly with external attenuators if needed. The BIU serves as the RF interface between the RF source and the ICU/FOI. Each BIU is pre-set to a frequency band and is not field tunable. The BIU has two sets of RF source connections.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) ICU The ICU is designed to be installed in a 19" rack. The ICU is typically installed directly above or below the Master Unit chassis. Consider post installation changes and testing when selecting a slot to install the ICU. Figure 36 ICU The ICU has QMA connectors. QMA cable kit - Bird part number DCC320 is available for use with the ICU.
Installation guidelines RFU The integrated repeater unit, RFU, DMR400 is mounted in the Master Unit chassis. The DMR400 uses two slots in the Master Unit. Figure 38 RFU Connections Donor RF Antenna Source Uplink/ Downlink Service Antenna Rebroadcast Powering Up the Head End 1. 2. 3. 4. Apply power to the BGW by pressing the power button on the left side of the unit. The BGW requires approximately 5 minutes to completely boot up.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) Installing Remote Units The remote units are factory configured and should not be opened in the field. WARNING The Remote Units are heavy , use care and always properly support units during installation. If allowed to fall Remote Units can cause injury or death. CAUTION Ensure the surfaces being used to mount Remote Units can safely support the full weight of the remote. The remotes must be mounted in a vertical position.
Installation guidelines Double Remote Unit Wall Mounting Bird Technologies offers a bracket that allows two wall mount racks to be mounted back to back. This reduces the amount of wall space required when two remotes are located together. The bracket is stainless steel and can be used indoors or outdoors. Figure 40 Double Wall Mounting Bracket Standard Wall Mount Brackets Mount to Wall Double Wall Mount Bracket Remote Unit Pole Mounting Bird Technologies also offers a pole mounting option.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) Solar Shield Direct exposure to sun light can cause temperatures of the remote to exceed the 55 °C (131°F) rating. A simple solution offered by Bird is to attach an optional solar shield to the affected remotes. The solar shields (p/n DMA301) are sold separately. Figure 42 Remote Unit Solar Shield Cabling There are many options for the Bird remotes which can affect the number of connections on the bottom of each remote.
Installation guidelines Ethernet Port The RJ45 Ethernet port is located on the bottom panel of the remote unit. Connection of the Ethernet port is not required for normal operation of the DAS. The port offers convenient access to the system GUI during installation, commissioning and troubleshooting of the DAS. Ensure the provided IP67 rated protective cap is replaced when the Ethernet port is not in use.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) AC Power Input The AC power supply will support a voltage range of 120VAC or 240VAC, 50 or 60 Hz. The remote ships with a weather proof C13 connector and weather proof strain relief housing. The unit does not ship with a power cord only the power connector. The installation contractor will need to provide a power cable of at least 14AWG, 3 conductor cable.
Installation guidelines Figure 48 Table 68 External Alarm Connector External Alarm Connector Pinout Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Function Alarm relay output NC Alarm relay output NO Alarm input 4 Alarm input 2 Alarm input ground Alarm relay output NC Alarm relay output NO Alarm input 3 Alarm input 1 Grounding The remotes are furnished with a ground lug to be used if chassis grounding is required to meet local code or installation requirements.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) Installing the DHR Repeater The repeaters units are factory configured and should not be opened in the field. WARNING The Repeaters are heavy , use care and always properly support units during installation. If allowed to fall a Repeater can cause injury or death. CAUTION Ensure the surfaces being used to mount the Repeater can safely support the full weight of the Repeater. The remotes must be mounted in a vertical position.
Installation guidelines Double Repeater Wall Mounting Bird Technologies offers a bracket that allows two wall mount racks to be mounted back to back. This reduces the amount of wall space required when two repeaters are located together. The bracket is stainless steel and can be used indoors or outdoors. Figure 51 Double Wall Mounting Bracket Standard Wall Mount Brackets Mount to Wall Double Wall Mount Bracket Repeater Pole Mounting Bird Technologies also offers a pole mounting option.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) Solar Shield Direct exposure to sun light can cause temperatures of the repeater to exceed the 55 °C (131°F) rating. A simple solution offered by Bird is to attach an optional solar shield to the affected repeaters. The solar shields are sold separately. Figure 53 Remote Unit Solar Shield Cabling There are many options for the Bird repeaters which can affect the number of connections on the bottom of each repeater.
Installation guidelines Ethernet Port The RJ45 Ethernet port is located on the bottom panel of the repeater unit. Connection of the Ethernet port is not required for normal operation of the repeater. The port offers convenient access to the system GUI during installation, commissioning and troubleshooting. Ensure the provided IP67 rated protective cap is replaced when the Ethernet port is not in use.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) AC Power Input The Bird repeater only comes with an AC input option. The voltage range will support 120VAC or 240VAC, 50 or 60 Hz. The remote ships with a weather proof C13 connector and weather proof strain relief housing. The unit does not ship with a power cord - only the power connector. The installation contractor will need to provide a power cable of at least 14AWG, 3 conductor cable.
Installation guidelines Table 70 External Alarm Connector Pinout Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Function Alarm relay output NC Alarm relay output NO Alarm input 4 Alarm input 2 Alarm input ground Alarm relay output NC Alarm relay output NO Alarm input 3 Alarm input 1 Grounding The repeaters are furnished with a ground lug to be used if chassis grounding is required to meet local code or installation requirements.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) 65
Chapter 4 DAS Software Configuration This section is focused on the GUI interface and initial software setting of the DAS. No special software is require to access the Bird DAS. Access is provided via most web browsers such as Mozilla Firefox or Google Chrome. The BGW should be powered up and allowed about 5 minutes to fully boot prior to applying power to the Master Unit. The BGW will assign IP addresses to the Master Unit components.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) BGW Configuration BGW Naming 1. 2. 3. 4. Select Configuration in top right corner. See Figure 62 . Select External Comm in left menu. Select BGW Name tab in top menu. Enter site name: 5. Note: The name must begin with a letter, the name cannot start with a number or a dash. a. You may use any combination of alphanumeric characters and the special character of dash "-". Do not use any other special characters or space.
DAS Software Configuration Figure 63 BGW External Communications VPN Settings On occasions, the BGW will be set up behind a firewall. To be able to access the BGW from external locations the Primary BGW settings will need to be configured to allow access. Consult with your IT department for these parameters. Bird Technologies offers monitoring services.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) NTP Servers NTP servers provide accurate clocks for the BGW. Utilizing multiple sources prevents clock issues as a result of one server becoming corrupt or dropping out of contact. The BGW is compatible with NTP version 4 servers. The NTP settings in the image below are the default for Redhat servers. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Select Configuration. Click Time serv/zone. Select the NTP Servers Tab. Enter the NTP Server information.
DAS Software Configuration Email Server The BGW is capable of emailing alarms directly to select email addresses. Access the set up function via Configuration, Alarm Receivers and Server Prop. Consult with your IT department for configuration settings. 1. Select Configuration. 2. Click Alarm Receivers. 3. Select the Server Prop. Tab. 4. Enter the Email Server information. Consult with your IT department for configuration settings. 5. Click Save and Apply.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) BIU Configuration The initial screen for the BIU provides basic information such as name, serial number, part number and active alarms. The Locate me! button causes an LED to flash on the unit so that the module can be identified in the chassis. In the left menu, notice the RF 1 and RF 2. The BIU has two RF paths or strips that are correlated to the two RF inputs on the BIU card.
DAS Software Configuration Item Description 1 Downlink RMS value leaving the BIU card to the ICU/FOI. Good for measuring GSM and UMTS levels. 2 Downlink log detector signal leaving the BIU card to the ICU/FOI. 3 Peak downlink RF value exiting the BIU card on the select path. 4 0=RF is set to Off (attenuation is set to maximum). 1= RF is set to On. Note: This is only in reference to one of the two BIU RF paths/strips. 5 Temperature of the BIU card.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) BIU RF1 Settings This page will allow the user to change the attenuator values in the BIU for the path selected. Figure 70 BIU RF1 Settings 1 2 3 Item 1 Description Attenuator setting for the downlink path. Enter a value from -14 to -44 (range varies depending of frequency band). Note: Click Submit after entering value. 2 Attenuator/Gain setting for the uplink path. Enter a value from -17 to 12 (range varies depending of frequency band).
DAS Software Configuration BIU Hardware Test Points This page shows various test point measurements used for status and troubleshooting purposes. Figure 71 BIU Hardware Test Points BIU Alarm List This page displays all current and past alarms. Green indicates that the alarm has cleared. Yellow indicates a warning alarm. Red indicates a service affecting alarm.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) BIU Change History This page shows a history of all setting changes. Figure 73 BIU Change History BIU Alarm configuration RF1 This page allows for certain alarm thresholds of the BIU to be changed.
DAS Software Configuration BIU Advanced Network Setup This page allows for manual override of network settings. Default configurations should be used with DHCP set to Yes. Note: Changing DHCP to “No” can cause loss of communications to the BIU and should only be used in very specific situations. Figure 75 BIU Network Setup BIU Advanced Menus These menus provide information only status and settings of the BIU that are typically used by the manufacturer.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) BIU Application Handling The application handling page allows for stopping software functions and rebooting software programs. Alarm Handler: Selecting Reboot (circular icon) will clear all the alarms in the history for the card selected. This is helpful after turning a system up and wanting to clear alarm log created during the installation and turn up. Note: Only the Reboot command should be used by the technician.
DAS Software Configuration FOI Configuration The initial screen for the FOI provides basic information such as name, serial number, part number and active alarms. The Locate me! button causes an LED to flash on the unit so that the module can be identified in the chassis. Figure 78 FOI Welcome Screen Figure 79 FOI Welcome Screen SW Version 3.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) FOI Opto Status This page will show the current status and configuration of the FOI. Figure 80 FOI Opto Status 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Item 79 Description 1 Fiber optic received optical power from the remote unit. See item 1 in Figure 81 for measurement location. 2 RF downlink power to the remote. See item 2 in Figure 82 for location on the FOI circuitry.
DAS Software Configuration Figure 81 FOI Uplink Measurement Locations 3 12 CURRENT SENSOR RX-LVL RX POWER 1 DETECTOR 1 ETHERNET MODEM Attenuator Uplink 1 STEP ATT PHOTO DETECTOR OPTO IN UL OUT 1 STEP ATT STEP ATT TP UL Attenuator Common 1 14 10 Attenuator Common 2 11 UL OUT 2 STEP ATT Attenuator Uplink 2 13 DETECTOR RX POWER 2 4 Figure 82 FOI Downlink Measurement Locations 6 7 2 Attenuator 1 Downlink 1 Attenuator 2 Downlink 1 STEP ATT STEP ATT STEP ATT STEP ATT Attenuator 1 D
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) Figure 83 FOI Opto Status DOI401 FOI Opto and Attenuator Settings This page will allow changes to be made to the FOI values Figure 84 FOI Opto and Attenuator Settings 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Item 81 Description 1 Downlink path 1 attenuator #1. See item 1 in Figure 85 for measurement location. 2 Downlink path 1 attenuator #2. See item 2 in Figure 85 for location on the FOI circuitry. 3 Downlink path 2 attenuator #1.
DAS Software Configuration Item Description 8 Uplink path 2 attenuator. See item 8 in Figure 86 for location on the FOI circuitry. RF ON Yes set the UL values as selected above. RF No turns off laser. 9 Note: Setting to “No” will disconnect connectivity to the remote(s) Subcarrier TX Power is used for the communications and control signaling of the DAS. Default setting is -10dBm for single port FOI cards and 0dBm for the 4-port FOI card.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) Figure 87 DOI401 FOI Opto and Attenuator Settings FOI Fiber Network Subunits This page provides a visual indication on the fiber link status for each connection to the FOI. Figure 88 FOI Fiber Network Subunits 1 2 3 Item 83 4 5 6 7 8 Description 1 Selecting the remote link will direct the browser to the Remote Unit page. 2 Network IP address of the FOI card. 3 Optical wavelength of the transmit laser in the FOI card.
DAS Software Configuration Figure 89 DOI401 FOI Fiber Network Subunits FOI Network Setup This page allows for manual override of network settings. Default configurations should be used with DHCP set to Yes. Note: Changing DHCP to “No” can cause loss of communications to the BIU and should only be used in very specific situations. Do not enter IP configuration data in other associated settings.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) FOI Reset to Factory Default To reset the FOI to factory default, carefully press the “Reset” button (see Figure 91 ) for 10 seconds. This is helpful when a card fails to appear in the Configuration menu. Figure 91 FOI Reset Button Reset FOR The initial screen for the FOR provides basic information such as name, serial number, part number and active alarms.
DAS Software Configuration Figure 93 FOR Welcome Screen RF Strip 1 XXX MHz Status Figure 94 FOR RF 1 Status 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Item Description 1 Downlink frequency band for the RF path/strip selected 2 RF link setting for the downlink path: On or Off. 3 Downlink low power alarm turned On or Off. 4 Setting of the downlink ALC threshold. 5 Gain setting for the RF path under review.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) Item Description 7 The amount of actual gain used by the system. Might not achieve max gain setting if ALC is in operation. If the set gain is 56 as it is above, RF is turned on and the actual gain in line 7 is less than 56 then the system is being overdriven and ALC is kicking in. Reduce gain. Suggest starting with the value displayed in line 7 since this is the most gain that is being used. 8 Output power of the amplifier for the path under review.
DAS Software Configuration Item Description 4 Turns downlink low power alarm on or off. 5 Uplink gain setting for RF path under review. Uplink ALC setting for RF path under review. This is the threshold at which the system will start reducing further gain to prevent increases in uplink RF to the FOI. After 10dB decrease in gain an uplink alarm will be triggered 6 Note: Should be left a factory default. Only change if FOR uplink gain is changed.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) FOR Opto Status Figure 97 FOR Opto Status 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Item Figure 98 Description 1 Optical power received from the FOI. See item 1 in Figure 98 for measurement location. 2 Uplink signal being fed into the FOR uplink laser circuit. See item 2 in Figure 99 for measurement location. 3 Laser current for the Remote Unit FOR. Should be less than 50mA. 4 Temperature of the Remote Unit FOR board. 5 Total gain of the FOR in the downlink.
DAS Software Configuration Figure 99 FOR Uplink Schematic 2 TX POW LOG DETECTOR 3 RF IN 1 LASER DIODE RF IN 2 OPTO OUT STEP ATT MONITOR DIODE TX-LVL LASER DRIVER ETHERNET MODEM +5 V VOLTAGE -5 V INVERTER TX-CURR TO PHOTO DIODE 90
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) FOR Opto Gain and Attenuation Settings Figure 100 FOR Opto Gain Settings 1 2 91 Item Description 1 FOR gain in the downlink path. Range is typically from -20 to +20. FOR downlink path has inherent/raw gain of +20dB (FM to 2600MHz). A setting of +20 indicates no attenuation so FOR will have +20dB gain (+20dB gain minus 0dB attenuation).
DAS Software Configuration FOR Fiber Network Settings This page allows for manual override of network settings. Default configurations should be used with DHCP set to Yes. Note: Changing DHCP to “No” can cause loss of communications to the BIU and should only be used in very specific situations. Do not enter IP configuration data in other associated settings.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) FOR Application Handling The application handling page allows for software reset and rebooting functions. Note: Only the Reboot command should be used by the technician. All other functions should only be used under supervision of Bird engineering as they may cause data corruption if not initiated properly. Figure 103 FOR Application Handling Slave FOR A Slave FOR is when a remote has a second FOR installed.
DAS Software Configuration Naming Components Proper naming of individual components in the DAS is critical to troubleshooting. A recommendation is to start all component names with their function such as "BIU", "FOI" or "FOR". For example: "BIU-850Sector1". You may use any combination of alphanumeric characters and the special character of dash "-". Do not use any other special characters or space. Note: The name must begin with a letter, the name cannot start with a number or a dash.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) Figure 107 6. 7. 8. Unit Naming Go to Advanced > Appl restart. Select the Reboot icon at the bottom of the menu. See Figure 108 . Select "YES- Restart Process" Note: After rebooting, it can take up to 5 minutes before the unit shows up in the GUI. Figure 108 Naming Reboot 9. After all the units have been renamed, go to the Configuration menu and select the correct card type. 10.
DAS Software Configuration Moving Remotes to Different FOI Port All DAS components are assigned IP addresses by the BGW. The FOR in the Remote is the assigned an IP address as a subunit of the FOI to which it is connected. When the Remote is moved to a different FOI one of several actions must take place: 1. The lease on the Remote IP address must be given time to expire. This could take up to 30 minutes. Once the current IP lease expires, the new FOI will then assign the correct IP address to the Remote.
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Chapter 5 Commissioning Preparations The minimum of preparations necessary are to have the system documentation which should include the following items at least: The system layout and block schematic A connection diagram for the head-end Master Unit The type of connectors and tappers used to interface to the base station ports The number of carriers for each of the BIU that the base stations connects via Maximum output power for each service from the base stations Fiber losses should
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) System Commissioning Pre-requisites Establish Ethernet connection between the BGW and all cards Power up all equipment Ensure IP addresses have been assigned Cards will briefly flash green. Solid green indicates waiting for IP assignment Verify remote unit fibers are connected to correct FOI ports Set names for all components and add components to the system - See "Naming Components" on page 94.
Commissioning Figure 111 Enable FOI Optical Ports Enable FOI Optical Ports 3. Go to FOI status and note RX Opto power UL. The laser transmits at 5000 uW. The difference between the 5000 uW transmit level and the receive level is the loss on the fiber. Figure 112 RX Optical Power RX Optical Power a. Starting with software release 3.9, there is an option to have the GUI calculate the fiber loss. Figure 113 Calculated Optical Loss, Software version 3.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) Uplink 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Set all values at default (factor setting may vary due to individual testing before shipping) for all bands a. BIU: -10dB b. FOI: -6, -6, -6 c. FOR: +12 d. Amp: +35 for low loss fiber, +45 for high loss fiber Start with adjusting the high frequency band. Turn RF on at the BIU. Ensure that only the RF strips being used have RF turned on. Go to the FOR and turn the UL test tone on. Note the level being transmitted and the frequency.
Commissioning 6. 7. 8. Apply RF signal to the BIU BTS port. Check Remote Unit FOR status "Set Gain", "Gain" and "Output Power". Adjust "Set Gain" so that desired output power is achieved. d. If "Gain" level is lower than "Set Gain" level in the status screen then the system is being over driven and ALC is limiting the gain of the system. Reduce gain setting to the level displayed in "Set Gain". Submit change and the review status screen. "Set Gain" and "Gain" levels should now be identical.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) 7. 8. Select the check box next to the 10##.crt file. See Figure 115. Click"Insert" Figure 115 Certificate Selection 7 8 9. Select "Browse" for the File name for certificate key. SeeFigure 116. Figure 116 Key Entry 9 10. Select the check box next to the "10##.key" file. See Figure 117. 11.
Commissioning 12. Select Ext. Ethernet Tab 13. Select the check box for “Use eth0 for Internet (WAN).” This ensures external Ethernet connections are allowed. Figure 118 External Ethernet 12 13 14. Select DNS Forwarders tab. 15. Select radio button for “Dynamic, assigned by eth0.” Note: The Bird maintained CGW is not able to hostname check a DNS2 IP address of 8.8.2.2, 4.2.2.4 or 4.2.25. Please change to something like Google's 8.8.4.4 or 8.8.8.8 Figure 119 DNS Forwarders 14 15 16. 17. 18. 19.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) 20. 21. 22. 23. Click on “Status/Statistics.” Select the “Communication Control” tab. Select the check box next to “VPN Restart.” Click “Restart.” Figure 121 VPN Restart 20 21 22 23 24. After about 10 minutes, the BGW should start communicating with the Bird/DeltaNode CGW. 25. Click on Status/Statistics 26. Select the Ethernet Status tab. Both "eth0" and "eth1" should show connectivity.
Commissioning Wireless Modem Setup Due to variances with different wireless modem manufacturers, settings may vary from modem to modem. A general understanding of network settings is required. Below are a few typical settings that will need to be configured. Modem DHCP DHCP will need to be enabled so that the wireless modem can assign an IP address to the BGW. Be sure to enter the start and end IP address as seen in the image.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) BGW Configuration 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Connect IP modem to the External WAN port on the BGW. Click Configuration. See Figure 125. Click External Comm. Select 3G-Modem tab. Select the “Use 3G Modem” check box. Figure 125 BGW Configuration - 3G Modem Setup 4 2 3 5 6. 7. Select the VPN Settings tab. Select the “Activate a VPN service tunnel” check box, if not already selected. Note: Older software versions of the BGW do not offer VPN service tunnels.
Commissioning Figure 127 BGW Configuration - DNS Forwarders Setting 8 9 10. 11. 12. 13. Select the Ext. Ethernet tab Select "Use eth0 for internet" and "Static IP address" check boxes. Record the existing IP setting in case rolling back to original settings is required. Enter the IP addresses information: IP Address: 192.168.0.10 Netmask: 255.255.255.0 Gateway IP Address: 192.168.0.1 Figure 128 BGW Configuration - External Ethernet Setting 10 11 13 14.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) Figure 129 BGW Configuration - Ethernet Status 16 15 Rolling Back Modem Configuration If the external modem is no longer required the configuration can quickly be rolled back. 1. Click on Configuration. See Figure 130. 2. Click on External Comm. 3. Select the Ext Ethernet tab. 4. Enter original IP addresses that used prior to installing the modem. Figure 130 Rollback Modem IP Addresses 2 3 1 4 5. 6. Select the DNS Forwarders tab.
Commissioning Setup local Network UDP Ports for CGW Access In order for the Bird/DeltaNode CGW to be able to make contact with the BGW ensure that the customer IT department has OpenVPN with UPD ports 1194 to 1199. This allows Bird/DeltaNode static IP address to access the BGW. Local Connection to Remote Unit A technician can directly connect a laptop to the remote unit. This is useful when the technician is at the remote unit troubleshooting.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) Local Connection to Remote Unit with Two FOR's Some remote units are built with 2 FOR boards. This would occur in applications where one chassis contains: MIMO paths, multiple amplifiers of the same band, amplifiers fed from different FOI cards or other special applications. The 2 FOR boards share the one Ethernet connector on the remote unit. A standard Ethernet cable will only access FOR [0]. A custom cable is required to access FOR [1] board.
Commissioning Figure 134 Custom Cable for Connecting to two FOR systems Top: 12345 678 Front: 12345678 Connection to BGW from Remote Unit The technician has the ability to connect to the BGW from the remote unit. This eases troubleshooting and programming by not having to return to the BGW location for direct access. 1. Enable the laptop DHCP settings. 2. Connect RJ45 Ethernet cable to the Ethernet port on the remote.
Chapter 6 RF Commissioning In order to make the process more clear for this part of the manual we will consider setting up a fictitious system, but based on a standard approach at doing Fiber-DAS. The system that we are considering will have two frequency bands, let’s assume GSM 900 MHz and UMTS 2100 MHz. The example will have 2 sectors with two remotes in each sector.
RF Commissioning Noise load on Radio Base Station The system will inevitably add some noise to the receiver. When properly set up the noise figure in a system like this will be better than 3 dB. However, if the gain is improperly set up (i.e. not enough gain in the remote, too much gain in the head-end) it is possible to create a very bad noise figure. In order to avoid this the Fiber-DAS Calculator should be used to calculate the noise figure of the system in the uplink.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) What we see here is that if we set the system up in this fashion we will desensitize the base station with about 5,5 dB. This can be okay if the base station coverage is only through the Fiber-DAS system but if the base station is also being used for outdoor coverage it is not good. We need to change the net gain to reflect this. In general we should lower the gain so that we desensitize the BTS only about 3 dB.
RF Commissioning Practical approach Now that we know what we should have we can easily set the system up. You need a spectrum analyzer to do this and it is easiest to connect it into the BIU port. Remember that when you measure here, the signal should also go through the BTS coupler before it reaches the base station receiver port. Therefore you should expect to read a value that is: Your expected gain + the loss in your coupler.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) Next step is to connect to the remote unit and set it up for test measurement in the uplink. In this screen you should also turn RF on, set the gain to about 35 dB as a starting point and then turn on the uplink test tone. Note the frequency of the test tone, this is the frequency you should be measuring on your spectrum analyzer.
RF Commissioning Turn on the spectrum analyzer, make sure it is connected to the right port on the right BIU and then find the frequency. A reasonable span is 1 MHz and the receiver band width can be set to 30 kHz or similar. Use the marker to measure the peak of the signal. Then go to the next screen on the remote unit, the RF Status screen. What we are looking for here is the Test tone Level. Note this down as well, next to the frequency of the test tone you noted earlier.
Chapter 7 Troubleshooting The operation the Fiber-DAS components are monitored, any operation outside of acceptable limits will generate an alarm. The alarms are described within the following paragraphs along with recommended actions at the Network Operations Center (NOC) and field maintenance levels. Alarms Alarms in the following paragraphs are grouped by the unit generating the abnormal condition. The alarms are listed in numerical order by the alarm ID.
Troubleshooting ID Name 46 Temperature Alarm Description Class Severity Unit 0x0010 Error FOR Temperature is above 90° C (194° F) for the FOR. High power units may start reducing their output power to protect itself from overheating. NOC Actions N/A Field Actions Check the reason for overheating. Arrange for ventilation if insufficient. For outdoor units, deploy the sun shield that is available for the Bird remote unit.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) ID Name 55 RF overload UL Description NOC Actions Field Actions Class Severity Unit 0x0010 Warning FOR The RF power on the laser in the remote unit is too high. Alarm is triggered when UL ALC hits 10 dB above set level. Check the uplink gain settings. Check the settings of the ALC. The ALC settings is set so that it should correspond to the negative FOR gain in the uplink minus 1 dB. If the FOR gain is set to 12 dB the ALC should be -13 dBm.
Troubleshooting ID Name Class Severity Unit 56 Received optical power low 0x0010 Critical FOR Description NOC Actions Field Actions ID Name 61 Communication Failure Description The received optical power on the fiber optic remote board (FOR) is less than 20 μW. This corresponds to 22 dB fiber optical loss. Investigate the loss from both ends if there is communication with the remotes. If the system is multi drop then the problem is likely to be before the split to the different units.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) ID Name 62 Laser Current Description NOC Actions Field Actions Class Severity Unit 0x0010 Critical FOR The measured laser current is above the threshold of 200 mA. This is a hardware fault. Dispatch field techs to replace remote unit immediately. To prevent problems with the System, disable RF to the remote unit on all bands or power down the remote unit. Replace remote units with spare.
Troubleshooting ID Name 1 Loss of main AC power Description NOC Actions Field Actions Class Severity Unit 0x0011 Error RU This is an external alarm and only valid if it is wired up. External alarm 1 triggered. Depends what is connected to external alarm 1. If used with UPS this should be the loss of AC power alarm. The unit will run on UPS until batteries are depleted or AC power is restored.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) ID Name 8 PSU2 lost Description Class Severity Unit 0x0011 Error RU Alarm indicates a problem with the second PSU in the unit. This is likely a hardware fault and it is recommended to replace the unit. NOC Actions Dispatch field tech to replace unit. Field Actions Replace unit.
Troubleshooting ID Name 70 Downlink TX power low Description NOC Actions Class Severity Unit 0x0011 Critical RU The downlink transmitted power is low. This can happen for a number of reasons: 1) The base station at the BMU may be down and the signal is lost, 2) The BIU card may have been disconnected. 3) Loss of RF over the fiber while communication is still working or 4) The gain setting in the DL is insufficient for the signal level required.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) ID Name Class Severity Unit 72 Power supply voltage low 0x0011 Error RU Description The measured power supply voltage is below the limit. This is a hardware fault. NOC Actions Dispatch field tech to replace unit. Field Actions Replace failed unit. ID Name Class Severity Unit 73 Power supply voltage high 0x0011 Error RU Description The measured power supply voltage is above the limit. This is a hardware fault.
Troubleshooting ID Name 45 Fan speed to high Description Class Severity Unit 0x0020 Error FOI This alarm is not actually emanating from the FOI but comes from the back plane in the Master Frame Unit (MFU). This alarm indicates there is a problem with the cooling fans in the MFU . NOC Actions Dispatch field tech to replace fan tray. Field Actions Replace the fan tray by removing the old one and installing a new unit.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) ID Name 48 Input voltage V1B low Description NOC Actions Field Actions Class Severity Unit 0x0020 Error FOI Measured input voltage from backplane power connector B is too low. This is a hardware fault either on FOI or DMF or a PSU. Check if any other cards in the same rack produce the same errors. If not this may be just the FOI that has a problem. If other cards are reporting the same issue then this is likely to be a PSU or backplane fault.
Troubleshooting ID Name Class Severity Unit 54 Negative voltage 0x0020 Error FOI Description The measured negative voltage is too high. Hardware failure. NOC Actions Dispatch tech to replace FOI. Field Actions Replace FOI. ID Name Class Severity Unit 55 RX uplink RF power overload 0x0020 Warning FOI Description The measured RF power in the uplink is above threshold. Alarm is triggered at +20 dBm something that should never come off the FOI.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) ID Name Class Severity Unit 56 Received optical power lost 0x0020 Critical FOI Description NOC Actions Field Actions Alarm is triggered when the optical power received on the fiber is < 20 μW. This is likely to happen if the RU is powered off or there is a problem with the fiber connection. Check if there is a power problem. If that is not the case dispatch field tech to check the fibers. Go to remote connected to the FOI and check for power problems.
Troubleshooting ID Name 60 Uplink 5V high Description Class Severity Unit 0x0020 Error FOI The measured 5 V to RF parts on the board is above acceptable level. This is a hardware fault. NOC Actions Dispatch tech to replace board. Field Actions Replace FOI card. Commission new card with the same settings as the old. ID Name Class Severity Unit 61 Communication Failure 0x0020 Error FOI Description The driver for the sub-carrier Ethernet communication could not be loaded.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) ID Name Class Severity Unit 72 Laser TX current 0x0020 Critical FOI Description The measured laser current is too high > 200 mA. Hardware fault. NOC Actions Dispatch tech to replace FOI. Field Actions Replace FOI card. Base Station Interface (BIU) Alarms ID Name Class Severity Unit 41 Lost RF instance 0x0030 Critical BIU Description The supervisor in the BIU has detected a loss of an RF instance, i.e. amplifier chain.
Troubleshooting ID Name 44 Fan speed low Description Class Severity Unit 0x0030 Error BIU The card has detected a malfunction on the DAS rack backplane that the fans are not working properly. This is a hardware fault. NOC Actions Dispatch field tech to change the fan tray. Field Actions Replace the fan tray on the DMF unit containing the card giving the alarm.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) ID Name Class Severity Unit 48 Input voltage V1B low 0x0030 Error BIU Description NOC Actions Field Actions Input voltage B is detected below a threshold. Likely a PSU failure. Dispatch field tech to replace PSU. If there are other cards in the same rack they should also give similar alarms. Check the output on the PSU should be 27 VDC nominally. Replace if not working properly.
Troubleshooting ID Name Class Severity Unit 53 Analog voltage 0x0030 Error BIU Description 3 V supply for analog parts are not within the acceptable range. NOC Actions Dispatch field tech to replace card. Field Actions Replace card. ID Name Class Severity Unit 54 High BTS signal 0x0030 Error BIU Description NOC Actions Field Actions ID Name 55 High BTS signal Description NOC Actions Field Actions The received RF signal from the BTS is above the alarm threshold.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) ID Name 2 EEPROM fault Description Class Severity Unit 0x0100/0x0101 Error PA The memory chip on the board is malfunctioning. This is a hardware failure. There is a risk the RF output is not working. NOC Actions Dispatch field tech to replace the unit as soon as possible. Field Actions Replace failed unit.
Troubleshooting ID Name Class Severity Unit 21 Board supply voltage high 0x0100/0x0101 Error PA Description The board 14 V supply is outside acceptable limits. Hardware failure. NOC Actions Dispatch tech to replace unit. Field Actions Replace failing unit. ID Name Class Severity Unit 22 Board supply voltage low 0x0100/0x0101 Warning PA Description The board 14 V supply is outside acceptable limits. Hardware failure. NOC Actions Dispatch tech to replace unit.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) ID Name Class Severity Unit 104 Driver voltage low 0x0100/0x0101 Error PA Description The amplifier driver voltage is outside acceptable limits. Hardware failure. NOC Actions Dispatch tech to replace unit. Field Actions Replace failing unit. ID Name Class Severity Unit 105 Bias voltage missing 0x0100/0x0101 Error PA Description The amplifier bias voltage is outside acceptable limits. Hardware failure.
Troubleshooting Variable Gain Amplifier (VGA) Alarms ID Name Class Severity Unit 1 AD Converter Fault 0x0102 Error VGA Description The analog to digital converter has failed. This is a hardware error. NOC Actions Dispatch field tech to change the remote unit. Field Actions Replace remote unit. ID Name Class Severity Unit 2 EEPROM fault 0x0102 Error VGA Description Reading from or writing to the EEPROM memory failed. This is a hardware fault.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) ID Name Class Severity Unit 12 Temperature low 0x0102 Warning VGA Description Measured temperature is below threshold. NOC Actions No action normally needed. This alarm generally happens if the unit has been out of power for a time in cold environment. It will generate enough heat to get back in order in an hour or so. Field Actions See actions at NOC.
Troubleshooting Analog Pre-distortion (APD) Amplifier Alarms ID Name Class Severity Unit 1 AD Converter Fault 0x0104 Error APD Description The analog to digital converter has failed. This is a hardware error. NOC Actions Dispatch field tech to change the remote unit. Field Actions Replace remote unit. ID Name Class Severity Unit 2 EEPROM read or write fault 0x0104 Error APD Description Reading from or writing to the EEPROM memory failed. This is a hardware fault.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) ID Name Class Severity Unit 6 5VA 0x0104 Warning APD Description 5 V Analog power has failed. NOC Actions Dispatch field tech to change the remote unit. Field Actions Replace remote unit. ID Name Class Severity Unit 7 Table missing 0x0104 Warning APD Description Calibration or configuration table in database missing. This is a software fault but the easiest way to fix it is to replace the unit.
Troubleshooting ID Name Class Severity Unit 21 Board supply voltage high 0x0104 Error APD Description The board voltage is too high. This is a hardware fault. NOC Actions Dispatch field tech to change the remote unit. Field Actions Replace remote unit. ID Name Class Severity Unit 22 Board supply voltage low 0x0104 Error APD Description The board voltage is too low. This is a hardware fault. NOC Actions Dispatch field tech to change the remote unit.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) ID Name Class Severity Unit 104 Driver voltage low 0x0104 Error APD Description The driver voltage is too low. This is a hardware fault. NOC Actions Dispatch field tech to change the remote unit. Field Actions Replace remote unit. ID Name Class Severity Unit 105 VBIAS missing 0x0104 Error APD Description The bias voltage is missing. NOC Actions Dispatch field tech to change the remote unit. Field Actions Replace remote unit.
Troubleshooting ID Name Class Severity Unit 109 1.8V over voltage 0x0104 Error APD Description The 1.8 V is out of bounds on the board, this is a hardware fault. NOC Actions Dispatch field tech to change the remote unit. Field Actions Replace remote unit. ID Name Class Severity Unit 110 1.8V under voltage 0x0104 Error APD Description ID 111 The 1.8 V is out of bounds on the board, this is a hardware fault. NOC Actions Dispatch field tech to change the remote unit.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) ID Name Class Severity Unit 122 High output power 0x0104 Error APD Description The output power is too high. NOC Actions Contact the systems engineer to check the settings. Field Actions Readjust the downlink gain to attain nominal output power. ID Name Class Severity Unit 123 APD Over current 0x0104 Error APD Description NOC Actions Dispatch field tech to change the remote unit. Field Actions Replace remote unit.
Troubleshooting ID Name 127 APD linearizer alarm Description NOC Actions Field Actions Class Severity Unit 0x0104 Error APD The APD linearizer is failing. This may be due to BW too high, check that all signals are within what can be handled by the APD (15 MHz). Forward the problem to the engineers to check the signals that are fed to the APD. Check that all signals to the RU that contains the APD has a total BW less than 15 MHz.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) ID Name Class Severity Unit 5 IO port 0x0103 Warning MPI Description The IO port has failed. This is a hardware fault. NOC Actions Dispatch field tech to change the remote unit. Field Actions Replace remote unit. ID Name Class Severity Unit 6 5V Analog 0x0103 Warning MPI Description ID 7 The 5 V analog voltage has failed. This is a hardware fault. NOC Actions Dispatch field tech to change the remote unit.
Troubleshooting ID Name Class Severity Unit 12 Temperature alarm low 0x0103 Warning MPI Description NOC Actions Field Actions The unit is very cold. Generally this happens if it has been powered down in a cold location for a long time. Unit will warm up and come back to operation when it has heated itself for a while. Wait an hour and check temperature. Generally this happens if it has been powered down in a cold location for a long time.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) ID Name Class Severity Unit 103 Driver voltage low 0x0103 Error MPI Description PA driver voltage is out of bounds. This is a hardware fault. NOC Actions Dispatch field tech to change the remote unit. Field Actions Replace remote unit. ID Name Class Severity Unit 104 Driver voltage high 0x0103 Error MPI Description PA driver voltage is out of bounds. This is a hardware fault. NOC Actions Dispatch field tech to change the remote unit.
Troubleshooting ID Name Class Severity Unit 121 Return Loss 0x0103 Error MPI Description VSWR alarm. Generally this indicates a problem with the antenna network. NOC Actions Dispatch field tech to check the VSWR on the line from the remote unit. Field Actions See actions ad NOC. ID Name Class Severity Unit 122 High output power 0x0103 Error MPI Description The PA is being overdriven. This is a settings problem.
Fiber Distributed Antenna System (Fiber DAS) ID Name Class Severity Unit 134 LPA DC Fail 0x0103 Error MPI Description DC feed in MCPA has failed. This is a hardware fault. NOC Actions Dispatch field tech to change the remote unit. Field Actions Replace remote unit. ID Name Class Severity Unit 135 LPA return loss 0x0103 Error MPI Description The gain in the MCPA is not what it is supposed to be. This is generally a hardware fault.
Troubleshooting ID Name Class Severity Unit 139 LPA over current 0x0103 Error MPI Description NOC Actions Field Actions This can happen if the LPA is overdriven or it could be a hardware fault. Consult systems engineer to have the unit readjusted regarding downlink gain. If that is not solving the problem, dispatch field tech to have it replaced. Readjust systems gain in DL. If that does not solve the problem then replace remote unit.
Chapter 8 Model Identification System Model Numbers FOR 2 Band 1 Wavelength FOR 3 FOR 3 Band 1 C 3 H 3 Optical Split Wavelength FOR 2 B 1 2 CWDM FOR 1 Band 2 A D W FOR 1 Band 1 Wavelength FOR 1 WDM G 0 C 0 Connectors Voltage G 0 C 0 Duplexed Frequency Duplexed Frequency Duplexed Frequency Duplexed Frequency Number of Bands Sub-family Product Family D D R 4 W U B C S Family: Frequency: Voltage: Wavelength of Uplink: CWDM (option): DDU - 46 dBm Full Band R - FM Radio DDH -
Model Identification Remote End Unit Part Numbers Note: The remote end units are completely integrated at the factory, there is no field assembly other than mounting and cable connection. Modules should not be altered once deployed.
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