MARCH 1996 LRA001A-R2 LRA005A-R2 LRS002A-R2 Async Router AR-P Async Router AR-5 Sync Router Async Router AR-P M MODE ERR TX RX R DCD NET DT K LN PWR ET ETHERN Sync R outer M MODE R RX ER DCD TX T DTR NE K PWR LN ET ETHERN r Route AsyncAR-5 CUSTOMER SUPPORT INFORMATION 1 Modem 3 2 4 /Rx Tx/Rx T Tx/Rx Tx ERR NE 5 /Rx Tx/Rx Tx D DC D DCD DCD DC K DCD PWR LN Order toll-free in the U.S.: Call 877-877-BBOX (outside U.S.
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION AND CANADIAN DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNICATIONs RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE STATEMENTS This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used properly, that is, in strict accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, may cause interference to radio communication.
This manual consists of two documents: a User’s Guide and a Reference Guide. The User’s Guide begins on page 5 and the Reference Guide begins on page 137. TRADEMARKS Cheyenne® is a registered trademark of Cheyenne Software, Inc. Lotus® is a registered trademark of Lotus Development Corporation. Macintosh® is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. Merit® is a registered trademark of Merit Technologies Ltd. Motorola® is a registered trademark of Motorola.
MARCH 1996 LRA001A-R2 LRA005A-R2 LRS002A-R2 Async Router AR-P Async Router AR-5 Sync Router USER’S GUIDE
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL CONTENTS 1. Specifications...........................................................................................................................9 1.1 General .............................................................................................................................9 1.2 Connector Specifications.................................................................................................9 2. Introduction ........................
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 5.4 Parameters ........................................................................................................................47 5.4.1 LAN Parameters .....................................................................................................48 5.4.2 Choose Method of Client Authentication ............................................................49 5.4.3 Modem Parameters ...............................................................
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL C.4 Operating Problems ........................................................................................................95 C.4.1 Cannot Communicate with Remote Host (IP Only) ...........................................95 C.4.2 Connection Drops After a Few Seconds ...............................................................100 C.4.3 Connection Drops After a Few Hours ..................................................................100 C.4.
CHAPTER 1: Specifications 1. Specifications 1.1 General Standards—Ethernet: IEEE 802.3 AUI, 10BASE-T; V.32 bis/V.42 bis Speed—10-Mbps Ethernet; 28.8-Kbps integrated modem Protocols—IP, IPX™ Integrated Modem—V.34 bis with V.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL NOTE The maximum length of the transceiver cable cannot exceed 164 feet (50 meters). Table 1-2. 10BASE-T, RJ-45 (8-Pin) Connector. Pin Number Signal Pin 1 Pin 2 Pin 3 Pin 4 Pin 5 Pin 6 Pin 7 Pin 8 TPO+ TPO TP1+ NC NC TP1NC NC Table 1-3. DB9 Connector. Pin Number Signal Pin 1 Pin 2 Pin 3 Pin 4 Pin 5 Pin 6 Pin 7 Pin 8 Pin 9 DCD RXD TXD DTR Gnd DSR DTR CTS RI Table 1-4. Power Input Connector.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 2. Introduction This chapter introduces Router technology, features, and applications. Installation instructions begin in Chapter 3. If you are upgrading a previous version of the Router, make sure you read Appendix C in the Reference Manual. The Routers are remote access servers that route TCP/IP and IPX (NetWare®) traffic. Routers connect remote local area networks (LANs) and clients to Ethernet-based LANs, using standard V.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 2.2 Shared Router Features All Router models share the following features: • Included or optional internal 28.8K modems (V.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 2.2.4 PREVENTS UNAUTHORIZED NETWORK ACCESS The Router offers comprehensive security mechanisms to prevent unauthorized network access. The Router security operates at several levels: • PPP link-level security (over the WAN link) • IP, IPX, and SPX packet filtering • passwords for ftp and telnet servers (IP) • console login and password • passwords for RouterVu logins (IPX) • security callback to remote users (clients) • client logins and passwords 2.2.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL • Any other IPX broadcasts. Also refer to Appendix B. 2.2.10 PASSWORDS FOR FTP AND TELNET SERVERS Passwords must be used to log in and transfer files to prevent unauthorized access. 2.2.11 CONSOLE LOGIN When a serial terminal (console) is in use, a login and password are required. 2.2.12 PASSWORDS FOR ROUTERVU LOGINS (IPX) Passwords must be used to log in to a Router with RouterVu. 2.2.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 2.3 Async Router AR-5 (LRA005A-R2) Features The Async Router AR-5 has five internal V.34 modems. It connects LANs and clients at up to 28.Kbps over normal telephone lines. 2.4 Sync Router (LRS002A-R2) Features The Sync Router works the same way as the Async Routers, except that it connects LANs over a variety of synchronous serial line types: • Leased digital data service at 56 Kbps (North America) or 64 Kbps (Europe), i.e.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL • Motorola/UDS SW56 II A CSU/DSU that can be used for DTR dialing on a Switched-56 network, or used for DDS. For ISDN service: • Black Box/EAZY part number IS280A. • Adtran ISU 128: An ISDN/BRT TA (terminal adapter) that can create one 112 Kbps channel out of the two B channels on an ISDN BRI line. • Motorola/UDS TA-220 and TA-220K: An ISDN/BRI TA that allows two different terminals to be active on different calls simultaneously.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL At a Sync Router site, you need: • a local Ethernet-based IP or IPX network • a leased line or switched digital line • a CSU/DSU with a V.35 interface • two power outlets (110 VAC to 250 VAC: one outlet for the Router and one for the CSU/DSU) At the opposite end of the synchronous line, you need either: • a second Router with synchronous interface, or • another router with synchronous PPP support.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 3. Connect Cables This chapter is the first of the installation chapters. It describes how to install Router cables. Cabling varies depending upon your Router model. For cabling instructions, refer to the appropriate section: • Async Router AR-P (LRA001A-R2): Section 3.2 • Async Router AR-5 (LRA005A-R2): Section 3.3 • Sync Router (LRS002A-R2): Section 3.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 3.2 Async Router AR-P Connections Ethernet Hub 10BASE-T, AUI LINE 2 1 Async Router AR-P 3 Power Supply I O PO W ER S C ER O I N A SO L LE 10 B as eT Power A U I M od em 0 10BASE-T 3 AUI 1 Telephone 2 Figure 3-1. Async Router AR-P Connections.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Place the Router on a shelf or tabletop and follow these steps. The step numbers coincide with the cables in the illustration. 1. Using either a 10BASE-T or AUI cable, connect your Ethernet LAN to the appropriate connector. 2. Connect the LINE port (modem0) to the desired telephone line. This telephone line must be dedicated and cannot be used for any other purpose. 3. Connect the power supply with a power cord. Do not start the Router at this time. 4.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 3.3 Async Router AR-5 Connections modem4 Ethernet Hub 2 line 5 modem3 line 4 modem2 10BASE-T, AUI modem1 line 3 line 2 modem0 1 line 1 Async Router AR-5 3 Power Supply I O PO W ER S C ER O I N A SO L LE 10 B as eT A U I Power M od em 3 0 10BASE-T 1 AUI 2 Cables to phone lines 1 through 5 Figure 3-2. Async Router AR-5 Connections.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Place the Async Router AR-5 on a sturdy surface or in a rack, and follow these steps. The steps coincide with cables in the illustrations: 1. Using either a 10BASE-T or AUI cable, connect your Ethernet LAN to the appropriate (10BASE-T or AUI) connector. 2. Connect the available modem ports (modem0-modem4) to the desired telephone lines. These telephone lines must be dedicated and cannot be used for any other purpose 3.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 3.3 Sync Router Connections Ethernet Hub 2 sync Synchronous line CSU/DSU 10BASE-T, AUI LINE line 1 3 Sync Router 4 Power Supply I O PO W ER S C ER O I N A SO L LE 10 B as eT Power A U I M od em 4 0 10BASE-T 1 AUI 2 Sync Telephone 3 Figure 3-3. Sync Router Connections.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Place the Sync Router on a shelf or tabletop and follow the steps. The step numbers coincide with cables in the illustration. 1. Using either a 10BASE-T or AUI cable, connect your Ethernet LAN to the appropriate ( I 0BASE-T or AUI) connector. 2. Locate the CSU/DSU you will be using. Use the cable provided (gray, 34-pin to 25-pin) to connect the Router’s synchronous port to the V.35 port on the CSU/DSU. If you are using a CSU/DSU with a non-V.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 4. Connect Host Once you connect Router cables as described in Chapter 3, either: • connect a host (PC workstation or serial terminal) to install and configure software as described in Chapters 4, 5, and 6, or • insert the previously configured boot diskette provided by your system administrator into the Router’s diskette drive and proceed to Chapter 6.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 4.1 If you have a previously configured boot diskette... Ethernet Hub 10BASE-T, AUI Router Previously configured boot diskette Figure 4-2. If you have a previously configured boot diskette... If the Router boot diskette has not been previously configured, proceed to Section 4.2. If your network administrator has prepared a previously configured boot diskette for you, simply insert the diskette into the Router’s diskette drive and start the unit.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 4.2 Select Host Connection Method If you do not have a previously configured boot diskette, select a method to connect the host or serial terminal before installing the Router software as described in Chapter 5. Table 4-1. Host Connection Methods.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 4.2.1 PC/WORKSTATION USING TELNET UTILITY Ethernet Hub Host IP I O PO W ER S C ER O IA N SO L LE 10 B as eT A U I M od em 0 10BASE-T AUI 10BASE-T, AUI Figure 4-3. PC/Workstation Using Telnet Utility. NOTE This configuration requires the TCP/IP protocol on your LAN.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Procedure 1. Start your DOS-based PC (one that can read and write 3.5-inch, 1.44-MB DOS diskettes). 2. Insert the Router boot diskette into the PC’s diskette drive. We assume you’re using the a: drive. If you’re using the b: drive, substitute b: for a:. 3. Enter: a:\stacker a: a:setaddr 4. The setaddr program asks you whether you will be using IPX or IP addresses for telnet. The Router must have an IP or IPX address before you can access it.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 7. Remove the Router boot diskette from the PC’s diskette drive. 8. Using a 10BASE-T or AUI cable, connect the Router’s Ethernet port to the local Ethernet LAN. 9. Insert the Router boot diskette into the Router’s diskette drive. 10. Start the Router. Typically, it takes 2-3 minutes for the Router to start. This is normal. After the Router finishes starting, the diskette drive LED will turn off. Do not proceed until this LED turns off. 11.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL NOTE This configuration requires NetWare IPX protocol on your LAN. Before you can configure the Router with an IBM-compatible personal computer using the RouterVu utility (provided by us), you must use the setaddr utility to set an IPX network number and Ethernet frame type on the Router’s boot diskette. To use setaddr or RouterVu, your PC must read and write 3.5-inch, 1.44-MB DOS diskettes.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 6. Setaddr next prompts you for the frame type, used on the Ethernet to be connected to the Router. For For For For Frame Frame Frame Frame Type Type Type Type 802.3 Ethernet_II 802.2 SNAP enter enter enter enter 1 2 3 9 What is the Frame Type you are using ? Enter the number designated for the desired frame type, and press the RETURN key. 7. Setaddr prompts you for the desired name of the Router.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 4.2.3 PC USING SERIAL TERMINAL UTILITY Ethernet Hub 10BASE-T, AUI Router I O PO W CONSOLE ER S C ER O IA N SO L LE 10 B as eT A U I M od em 0 PC/Terminal Host serial cable serial port Serial terminal utility (terminal emulation) Figure 4-5. PC Using Serial Terminal Utility. You can configure the Router by using a PC operating with a serial terminal emulator such as Windows Terminal.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 1. Using the serial cable provided, connect a PC’s serial port to the console port of the Router. Set the serial terminal utility to 9600 bps, no parity, 8 data bits, and 1 stop bit. 2. Insert the Router boot diskette in the Router diskette drive. 3. Start the Router. Typically it takes 2-3 minutes to load the contents of the boot diskette. This is normal. After the Router finishes starting, the diskette-drive LED will turn off.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 4.2.4 SERIAL TERMINAL Ethernet Hub 10BASE-T, AUI Router CONSOLE I O PO W ER S C ER O IA N SO L LE 10 B as eT A U I PC/Terminal M od em 0 9-to-25 pin adapter serial cable Serial terminal Figure 4-6. Serial Terminal. You can configure the Router by a serial terminal, connected to the Router console port.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL The serial terminal should not be used by users to gain access to local or remote networks. This method of access is illegal. 1. Using the serial cable provided, connect a serial terminal to the console port of the Router. If necessary, use the adapter provided with the console cable. Set the serial terminal to 9600 bps, no parity, 8 data bits, and 1 stop bit. 2. Insert the boot diskette into Router’s diskette drive. 3. Start the Router.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 5. Install Software Once you have installed the unit with its cables (Chapter 3) and implemented a means for installing the software (Chapter 4), your Router is ready to be configured to operate on a TCP/IP and/or IPX network. The software installation essentially prompts you to define the LAN, WAN, and client parameters desired for your Router’s configuration.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL NOTE For LAN-to-LAN operation, configure your local and remote NetWare LANs with unique network numbers before configuring and operating the Router. This includes all network numbers for all frame types. These numbers are set in the AUTOEXECNCF files of your NetWare file servers, with the “BIND IPX TO lan_driver NET= net_number” statements.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 5.3 Installation Examples 5.3.1 ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, ASYNC ROUTER AR-5 Figure 5-1. Async Router AR-P, Async Router AR-5.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Define LAN Parameters: login: root Password: Welcome root to the Router (4.0) The following configuration information must be supplied before the Router can become operational. Default values for each parameter are shown in parentheses. Press at any prompt to cancel this script and delete the configuration. This system: Name (Router): paris Root password (): Retype password: Link password: Retype password: Date/time in yymmddhhmm[.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Define Modem Parameters: Do you want to configure and use modem0 now (y): y What type of system are you connecting this modem to? 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Async Router AR-P, AR-5, or Sync Router Async Client or other client Livingston Portmaster Telebit NetBlazer or PN Other LAN to LAN Please enter the number of your choice (1): 1 Define modem0 parameters: Remote site information: Phone # ( ): 805-555-1212 Maximum minutes of phone usage per day (1440): Name (re
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Please enter the number of your choice (1): 3 Define modem2 (if present) Remote site information: Phone # ( ): 213-555-1212 Maximum minutes of phone usage per day (1440): Name (remote2): LAoffice Authentication (N)one, (P)AP, or (C)HAP (C): P Link password ( ): Retype password: IP address ( ): 132.222.23.12 IP subnet mask (255.255.0.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Define modem4 (if present) Do you want to configure and use modem4 now (y): y What type of system are you connecting this modem to? 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Async Router AR-P, AR-5, or Sync Router Async Client or other client Livingston Portmaster Telebit NetBlazer or PN Other LAN to LAN Please enter the number of your choice (1): 5 Remote site information: Phone # ( ): 213-345-2498 Maximum minutes of phone usage per day (1440): Name (remote4): marina Authe
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Define clients Add another client? (y): y Client name ( ): johnson Client password ( ): Reenter password: Enable client (y): n Access time (0000 2400 MTWRFSU) - In, Out, Both (B): Time quota (1440 minutes): Idle time (240 seconds): Callback phone number ( ): 19-1-210-555-1333 Add another client? (y): saving...
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 5.3.2 SYNC ROUTER Figure 5-2. Sync Router. Define LAN parameters login: root Password: Welcome root to the Router (4.0) The following configuration information must be supplied before the Router can become operational. Default values for each parameter are shown in parentheses. Press at any prompt to cancel this script and delete the configuration.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Enable IPX routing (y): y Enable IP routing (y): y Define LAN parameters for local Router: Ethernet: IPX: Ethernet_802.3: Network ( ): 1 Ethernet_II: Network ( ): 2 802.2: Network ( ): 3 SNAP: Network ( ): 4 IP: address ( ): 128.129.100.1 subnet mask (255.255.0.0): 255.255.255.0 Syslog IP address ( ): Do you have domain name servers? (n): Domain name servers: IP address ( ): 128.129.100.50 IP address ( ): Domain suffix (com): widgets.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Remote site information: Phone # ( ): 1-210-555-1212 Name (remote0): georgia Link password ( ): Retype password: IP address ( ): 128.129.13.1 IP subnet mask (255.255.0.0): Branch offices usually have a default route pointing to the home office You have no default route Add a default route to modem0 (y): n Do you want to save this configuration: wait... saving...
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 5.4.1 LAN PARAMETERS Record all parameters in the Installation Reference (see Appendix F), and store the it in a secure place. • Name—Enter the system name of the Router you are configuring. The system name may contain a 1 to 31 characters, but must not contain periods. Do not use the default name of “Router.” Each Router must have a unique system name.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL • IP subnet mask—Enter the subnet mask desired, in decimal dotted-quad notation. The subnet mask defaults to all ones for the network portion and all zeroes for the host portion, which corresponds to the class of IP address entered. Typical subnet masks are specified in Table 5-1, in decimal dottedquad notation and bits notation.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL NOTE To use a SecurID or RADIUS server, your network must use the TCP/IP protocols. Table 5-2. Domain Name Suffix Types. Suffix Organization Type com Commercial organizations edu Educational institutions gov Government facilities mil Military groups net Major network support centers org Other organizations (country code) Country other than USA If you want to use a SecurID server...
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL • Maximum number of minutes—For dialup interfaces only, this parameter limits the time allowed per day for a dialup interface. Also known as the dialup quota. • Name—Enter name of the remote system. This name must be identical to the system name configured on the remote system. • Authentication—Specify either PAP, CHAP, or none, whichever is appropriate for the remote site.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL • Remote Client IP address—Enter an optional IP address a remote client uses to access the Router using that modem port. You or your network administrator must decide whether to assign an IP address to a remote client modem. The default is no IP address assigned to a remote client when they dial in.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL A leased line is a type of phone service that offers a continuous connection between two sites, typically at data rates of 56 Kbps (USA) or 64 Kbps (Europe). Leased lines are often referred to as DDS lines (digital data service). A non-leased line (switched), such as Switched-56, offers a high-speed dialup connection (typically 56 Kbps).
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL • client access shift—Refer to Section 5.4.3. • client name—Enter the name of the remote client. The client name must be 8 characters or less and is not case-sensitive. The remote client application for the client must be configured with the same client name. • client password—Enter the password for the remote client. The client password must be 8 characters or less and is not case-sensitive.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 6. Configure and Test This chapter illustrates how to: • Configure hosts on your TCP/IP network to interoperate with the Router • Test Router TCP/IP installations using ping • Test Router IPX installations using ping If you are not running TCP/IP on your network, proceed to Section 6.3 and test your network. If you are running TCP on your network, configure your hosts and then proceed to Section 6.2. 6.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Router_name or IP_address or add the following route command to the /etc/rc.local file: route add remote_lP_addresslocal_Router_IP addressl 4. Proceed to the next section, and test your network using ping. 6.2 Test TCP/lP Networks Using Ping To systematically verify connectivity, power up the Router and observe the messages on the console. Establish a PPP connection on your WAN interface, using the update now command.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 6.2.1 PING FROM THE LOCAL ETHERNET Refer to Figure 6- l. 1. From the local Router, ping a workstation on the local Ethernet. Enter ping IP_address (of local workstation) and wait for the result. This test passes if you see a round-trip time displayed in milliseconds. This test fails if you see a response similar to “Target does not respond.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Enter ping -s [IP_address] (of remote workstation) and wait for the result. This test passes if you see a round trip time displayed in milliseconds. This test fails if you see a response similar to “Target does not respond.” If this test fails, then • Have an associate perform tests 5-8 on the following pages. • From a workstation on the local Ethernet, telnet to the remote Router, log in as root, and issue the route command. 6.2.
aASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUALCHAPTER Once the speaker turns off, the test is successful if a round-trip time to the local system is displayed, similar to: Round trip time: 180 59
aASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL You Your associate 8 7 ping system name system name subnet (IP) subnet (IP) IP address IP address 6 Your associate 5 ping system name Async Router Async Router system name subnet (IP) subnet (IP) IP address IP address Figure 6-2. Ping from the Remote Ethernet. 7. From a workstation on the remote Ethernet, ping the local Router.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 6.3 Test IPX Networks Using RouterVu To systematically verify connectivity, power up the Router and observe the messages on the console. Establish a PPP connection on your WAN interface using the update now command. If CHAP or PAP hasn’t failed, then perform the “ping” tests. The ping tests provide a minimal set of results that can be used to help verify network connectivity and resolve problems.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 3 You Your associate 2 NetWare server hoppervu 1 system name system name network.node_address (IPX) network.node_address (IPX) Async Router system name network.node_address (IPX) Async Router system name network.node_address (IPX) Figure 6-3. Ping from the Local Ethernet. 3. Find the local Router in the output from step 2 above. If the local Router is named anole, then it should look similar to: anole 00000020.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 6. From the local PC running RouterVu, ping the remote Router using the following command: routervu -p remote_Router_name If the ping is not successful, wait approximately 45 seconds (if you’re using modems) for the call between the local and remote Routers and try the ping again. If the ping is successful, continue to step 7.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 8. From the local PC running RouterVu, ping the remote NetWare fileserver using the following command: routervu -p server_name If the ping is successful, you have successfully completed initial IPX connectivity testing. If the ping is not successful, wait approximately 45 seconds (if using modems) for the call between the local and remote Routers, and try the ping again.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Appendix A: Networking Examples This appendix describes two typical Router installations: • dialup LAN-to-LAN, • synchronous LAN-to-LAN. A.1 Dialup LAN-to-LAN A.1.1 USING NAMES AND PASSWORDS To provide basic security for your network, each Router is configured with a name, a root password and a link password. The Router name and link password are required when connecting to or from a remote router.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Hamburg passwd file: paris / all2paris Async Router Paris Configured for dialup clients London passwd file: paris / all2paris Async Router AR-5 name: paris link password: all2paris Async Router Northridge passwd file: paris / all2paris Async Router Figure A-1. Connection Example: Async Router AR-5 to Async Router AR-Ps.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL When the Async Router AR-5 calls any of the Async Router AR-Ps, the name (paris) and password (all2paris) are sent on the modem links in figure A- 1. Each Async Router AR-P’s password file contains an entry for the host paris with the link password all2paris. Figure A-2 illustrates the handshake when any of the Async Router AR-Ps call the Async Router AR-5.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL NOTE If the name or link password of a Router (or other router) changes, all remote system password files that it logs into must be changed, or the authentication handshake will fail. Names and link passwords are specified during the initial configuration of the Router. To change the name or link password later, use the config modify or the password commands .
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL A.1.2 HOME/BRANCH OFFICE DESIGNATION For each Router WAN link, one site is designated the home office and the other site is designated the branch office. The home office is usually a central site that may be attached to the Internet, and to connecting branch offices. When a remote site is designated as a branch of fice (with IP routing enabled), a default route for the modem interface is added.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL home branch LAN-to-LAN Async Router AR-P Async Router AR-P branch home Async Router AR-P home branch LAN-to-LAN Async Router AR-P Async Router AR-5 home Async Router AR-P home home branch branch Async Router AR-5 Async Router AR-5 Async Router AR-P Async Client Async Client Other Client LAN-to-LAN (cascaded) Other Client Async Router AR-5 home branch Async Router AR-5 Async Router AR-P Async Router AR-5 Async Client home Async Client
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL A.2 Synchronous LAN-to-LAN This example illustrates how the Sync Router uses its integrated modem as a backup for a synchronous connection. Consider the network and the routing tables given for the systems in Figure A-5. host1 host2 128.66.1.1 Sync Router A 10.4.0.106 Internet sync0 home office Sync Router B 128.66.1.2 sync0 modem0 Public Switched Telephone Network modem0 Sync Router C 128.66.14.1 sync0 branch office host3 host4 Figure A-5.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL The routing table entries are: • Sync Router A Destination /Bits Interface Router/Next Hop Metric 128.66.0.0 128.66.14.0 default /16 /24 /0 eth0 eth0 sync0 0 2 1 Destination /Bits Interface Router/Next Hop Metric 128.66.14.0 128.66.14.0 128.66.0.0 default /24 /24 /16 /0 sync0 modem0 eth0 eth0 1 3 redundant 0 1 Destination /Bits Interface Router/Next Hop Metric 128.66.14.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Appendix B: Line Use Use the procedures in this appendix to minimize telephone costs associated with dialup connections: over modem interfaces or switched synchronous (SW-56) lines. This appendix describes: • How to monitor line use • How to limit line use B.1 How to Monitor Line Use While the Router is operating, monitor it for excessive line usage.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL The Router modem should only operate when someone is attempting to communicate with a remote host, as when logging in or sending mail to a remote host. If the Router modem dials for no apparent reason, restrict use of the phone line until the source of the traffic is determined. Use the dialup volume command to control the Router’s internal modem speaker. dialup modemX volume [off | low | medium | high] B.1.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL B.1.4 SET UP AN EXCESSIVE-USE WARNING (IP NETWORKS ONLY) You can configure the Router to send warnings during the day when more than a specified amount of time is used for outgoing calls on a given interface. First turn syslog on.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL You can display the current-time quota setting and the balance of outgoing connect time by entering either: dialup interface status or dialup interface quota A typical status display is: (tcp/ip)croy> dialup modem0 status modem0: (14400/V1.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL At the end of initial configuration, if the default route for an interface points to a serial point-to-point interface (synchronous or modem), you will be offered a standard firewall configuration. For the question “Install standard Internet access firewall on iface?” answer Y to install the suite of predefined IP filters. When executing config modify, answer Y to the same question in the previous paragraph, to install the IP filters.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Individual entries in the filter list accomplish the following: 1 filter add $OUTOK -f outbound -t allow No outgoing packets need to be filtered. (Saves processing time). 2 filter add $TCPOK -p tcpestab -t allow Packets on established TCP connections do not need to be filtered. (So any mention of TCP beyond this point in the list pertains only to NEW connections.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL B.2.4 USE THE ROUTER’S PREDEFINED IPX/SPX FILTERS Idle and unnecessary IPX and SPX packet transmission can be selectively restricted by Router’s dial suppression feature (called RLO). RLO is essentially a predefined group of IPX and SPX filters, that filter unnecessary calling (calling not initiated by the user).
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL NOTE If a dialup connection has already been established between offices, the filter does not prevent the packets from transitioning the link. The filter only prevents packets from causing the Router to initiate the connection by dialing out. Long IP filter example These filters can be entered from the Router command prompt. Do not use the IP addresses below. They are for EXAMPLE ONLY! Comments are preceded by “#”.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL filter add f24 -s 199.98.122.3/32 53 -p 17 -t allow filter add f25 -d 199.98.122.3/32 53 -p 17 -t allow #This filter will deny all inbound traffic EXCEPT for the traffic allowed by previous filters. filter add modemok -s any -d any -t deny -i modem0 -f inbound #This command will enable all the filters listed previously.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Appendix C: Troubleshooting Use this appendix to resolve network problems during Router installation or operation. We strongly recommend that you perform the ping tests described in Chapter 6. There are several ways to use the information in this appendix: • Use the LED descriptions to quickly determine which interface that the problem is occurring on. • Use Router commands to discover more about your particular problem.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL - Remote server not found (IPX) (Section C.4.6) - No connection slots available (IPX) (Section C.4.7) - Misconfigured networks (IPX) (Section C.4.8) • Client operating problems (Section C.5) - Router does not answer when client calls (Section C.5.1) - Router answers client call but connection fails (Section C.5.2) C.1 LED descriptions C.1.1 ASYNC ROUTER AR-P LEDS ASY PWR LNK NC NET ROU DTR DCD Tx TER AR- P Rx E RR Figure C-1.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL C.1.2 ASYNC ROUTER AR-5 LEDS ASY PWR ERR LNK NC NET DCD ROU 0 DCD x Tx DCD 2 /Rx T DCD AR- Mod 1 Tx/R x Tx/R TER x/Rx DCD ems 3 5 4 Tx/R x Figure C-2. Descriptions of the LEDs on the Async Router AR-5. Table C-2. Descriptions of the LEDs on the Async Router AR-5.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL C.1.3 SYNC ROUTER LEDS SYN PWR LNK Ethe NET rnet DTR CR OUT ER DCD Mode m Tx Rx E RR Figure C-3. LEDs on the Sync Router. Table C-3. Descriptions of the LEDs on the Sync Router.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL C.2 Router Commands Use the following commands to investigate problems with your Router. Use the prompt of the Router (tcp/ip> or ipx>) to remind you of which mode you are in (TCP/IP mode or IPX mode). Be aware that some commands can be used across modes, and others can only be used while in one of the modes. Note that some commands have the same name (ifconfig), but are mode-specific in their use. C.2.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL C.2.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL C.2.4 ROUTERVU “REMOTE CONSOLE” FOR NETWARE NETWORKS In IPX-only networks, use RouterVu on a PC to • configure local Routers using a PC on the local Ethernet • configure remote Routers • troubleshoot network problems from both ends (Routers) You can select a specific Router by name or IPX address (network number) RouterVu enables users on IPX-only networks to log into and configure the Router remotely.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL ROUTERVU (c) 1995 Rockwell Network Systems Building list... anole 00001111.02CFlF80060A (Router) archer 00001111.02CFlF800197 (Router) arnie 00001111.02CFlF8006C8 (Router) dinosaur 99990001.02CFlF80010F (Router) dragon 12340001.02CFlF8001FC (Router) hqs 00001111.02CFlF8004E7 (Router) kato 12340001.02CFlF8005D7 (Router) NDNLLl 00000011.02CFlF8001B7 (Router) • List to screen all connected Routers and servers.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Possible cause #1—Power-source problem. LEDs on front panel are not illuminated. Suggestion—Verify that the power cable is connected and well seated. Plug something else into the power source to verify that the wall outlet or power strip is active. Possible cause #2—The Router cannot read the boot diskette or the boot diskette may be damaged. Suggestion—Verify that the Router boot diskette is properly loaded into the floppy drive.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL C.3.2 ROUTER CANNOT START—LEDS STAY LIT Although the boot diskette seems to boot properly and the Router LEDs stay lit, it will not start and will not give a prompt. Possible cause—You may have infected the boot diskette with a virus. If you have inserted the Router boot diskette into a PC on your network, it is possible that a computer virus was transferred to it. Suggestion—Try using the backup boot diskette.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 3. Re-insert the boot diskette into the diskette drive. 4. Restart the Router. 5. Once the “Login:” prompt appears on the front panel, enter the user name root. Do not enter a password; just press RETURN. NOTE Step 5 can only works on the first login attempt after a reboot. If you make a mistake, reboot the Router as in step 4. 6. Eject the boot diskette and write-enable it (close the window). 7. Re-insert the diskette into the diskette drive. 8.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL After making your changes, enter exit A line of the format “ip address xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx” will be found near the top of the file. If the address is incorrect, run setaddr again or edit the file directly to set the desired IP address for the Router. For more information about the setaddr utility, refer to Chapter 3. Also—If the remote hosts support ping, use the ping command to verify connectivity.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL C.3.8 MODEM WILL NOT CONNECT TO REMOTE MODEM Possible causes—There are a variety of possible causes. Use this procedure to determine the most likely cause: • the telephone circuit is overloaded • the remote telephone number is not correct • the local telephone circuit is faulty • the remote modem is not compatible with Router’s modem Suggestions—Sometimes it is useful to go through the connection procedure manually and study the modem’s output.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 5. Request detailed connection status messages. Enter: ATW1 6. Dial the destination telephone number xxx-xxxx. Enter: ATDTxxx-xxxx You should see the responses: CARRIER 28800 PROTOCOL: LAP-M CONNECT 57600 7. While holding the connection, get back into command mode with (pause) + + + (pause) 8. This should generate an “OK.” 9. Enter: AT%L 10. This should return a number between 15 and 30.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Ethernet Testing Verify that the local node can communicate with the local Router using the ping command. On the local Router, issue the ping command by entering: ping ip_address_of_local_node If the ping command completes and displays a round-trip time, proceed to the Dial Test section. If the ping command displays the message Target did not respond perform the following steps: 1.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Issue the following command from the local Router: ping ip_address of remote_Router The response is: Target did not respond This occurs because the amount of time to required to establish the connection is longer than the timeout of the ping command. After issuing the ping command, you should hear the modem dial and connect with the modem at the remote site. If you hear the modem dial, skip to Approach 2, otherwise continue immediately below. 1.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 2. Issue the dialup status command. Verify that the correct phone number for the other site is displayed. To determine if the dialer is configured as required, refer to Section 2.9, dialup, in the Reference Manual, which begins on page 137, for a description of possible dialer modes: demand, demand backoff, inactive, incoming, once, or keepup. Determine the connection status: idle, dialing, listening, serving call, or called out.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 3. Determine if you are running RIP on the local and remote Routers. Use the config show command on each Router to see if the start rip and ifconfig iface rip active commands are present in the configuration, or issue the rip status command to determine if any RIP packets have been transmitted or received by the Routers. If RIP is enabled in either or both Routers, temporarily disable RIP by entering the stop rip and ifconfig iface rip off commands.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL For a default route, the next hop or gateway should be specified as the IP address of the remote Router. 5. After all of the routing information has been configured, try pinging the remote node again. lf you hear the modem dial, wait approximately 45 to 60 seconds and try the ping command one more time. If you are still unable to establish communications between the local and remote nodes, contact Technical Support. C.4.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Issue the IPX mode command update now. This should cause the modem to dial. If you hear the local Router modem dial but the modems do not connect (use the dialup modemX status command to see if the connection is established), try disconnecting the phone line from the Router, connecting it to a normal phone, and placing the call. Determine if the modem at the other end of the connection answers.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Possible cause #1—The limit on the amount of connection slots available on the NetWare server has been reached. Check the server to see if the maximum number of users is currently logged in. lf the limit has been reached, then there are no available slots. In this case, the problem is not caused by the Router. Possible cause #2—This could be caused by a misconfigured network. Refer to the section below on misconfigured network. C.4.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL C.5 Client Problems For more troubleshooting tips concerning client connectivity problems, refer also to the Reference Manual. C.5.1 ROUTER DOES NOT ANSWER WHEN CLIENT CALLS Possible cause—Client is dialing the wrong number or not using the correct modem. Suggestions—Bring up the ro utility (Remote Office). Pull down the Connection menu and select “Login to Router.” Look at the Phone Number line and verify the phone number.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL C.6 Returning Your Router for Repair There are no user-serviceable parts inside the Router. If your Router fails to boot, contact technical support. If factory service is required, we will give you a Return Merchandise Authorization (RMA) number. Include this number when returning the item for service, and please reference it on any correspondence. If possible, use the original packing materials to ship the Router.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Appendix D: Interoperability Routers can interoperate with multiple routers from multiple vendors in a coordinated manner. Use the instructions in this appendix to provide interoperability with: • RADIUS servers • SecurID servers • Cisco routers • IPX synchronous routers (Sync Router only) • TCP/IP synchronous routers • CSUs/DSUs (Sync Router only) D.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL authent method radius authent add server hostname_RADIUS_server config save 3. Verify that the desired Router modem port(s) on the Router is in client mode: Enter the command dialup iface status. For example dialup modem0 status On the resulting display, verify that the first word of the third line is “client.” Other values that might appear are “inactive,” “demand” and “demand_backoff.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Configuration As part of setting the authentication method to SecurID, a successful authentication of a client must take place between the Router and the ACE server. Therefore, a fully operable ACE server must be available and correctly configured for use with the Router before configuring the Router to use SecurID. To accomplish this refer to the following instructions below.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL If authentication fails unexpectedly, go to the ACE server and run sdadmin. Choose the menu item Activity Report and look at the last two pages of the report for reasons why the login attempt has failed. This report can give you clues as to what corrections need to be made to allow the authentication method to be set to SecurID. 7. Verify that the desired modem port(s) on the Router are in client mode.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL D.3.1 ABOUT THE CISCO COMMAND LANGUAGE The Cisco command language has several different modes: • non-privileged user mode • privilegedusermode • global configure mode • configure interface mode • configure line mode Table D-1. Cisco Command Language Modes and Their Uses. mode prompt* how to enter mode Notes non-privileged user bing> default mode Very few commands are legal— most are variations of the show command.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL D.3.2 TYPES OF CONNECTIONS AVAILABLE Synchronous Line CISCO Sync Router Ethernet Async Router AR-P Figure D-1. Cisco and Router Connection Methods. Routers may be connected to Cisco routers using: • an Ethernet connection • a synchronous line • a dialup connection Ethernet Connection (Cisco to Router) Routers and Cisco routers can easily share an Ethernet connection.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Synchronous line (Cisco to Router) This information only applies to the Sync Router. The default encapsulation protocol for a synchronous Cisco port is not the PPP protocol. For the synchronous Cisco port, set the encapsulation protocol to PPP. On the Cisco router, configure the port as follows: configure interface serial 0 ip address w.w.w.w m.m.m.m encapsulation ppp Where w.w.w.w is the IP address number and m.m.m.m is the mask number.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Asynchronous terminal DCE Modem DTE V.32bis or V.34 Cisco Router Console AUX Async Router AR-P Figure D-2. Dialup Connection (Cicso to Router). To enable a Router to dial into a Cisco router, on the Cisco router: 1. Configure the physical line parameters, using the configure line command.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 3. Define the interface (logical port): [configure] interface async 1 ip address w.w.w.w m.m.m.m encapsulation ppp async default ip address b.b.b.b async mode interactive ppp authentication chap Where w.w.w.w is the IP address (Cisco), m.m.m.m is the mask number (Cisco), and b.b.b.b is the IP address (Router). You can use the same username/password for CHAP validation, that you used to log in. 4.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL 2. Define a dialer chat script to place calls to the Router. The following command will work with almost any V.34 modem, and must be entered on a single line: [configure] chat-script dial-v34 ABORT ERROR ABORT BUSY "" ATZ OK "ATDT \T” TIMEOUT 60 CONNECT \c The first two argument pairs indicate that if ERROR or BUSY messages are posted from the modem side, dialing must be abandoned and restarted on the next triggering event.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Create this dialer script in an ASCII file and copy it to the Router boot diskette. Use the dialup script command to configure your Router to use this dialing script. # CISCO.DCF send “AT\r” wait 1000 “OK” send $PHONE connect send “\r\r” 100 wait l0000 “Username:” send $LOGIN_NAME wait 1000 “Password:” send $LOGIN_PWD send “ppp\r” wait 2000 “MTU is 1500 bytes” status up D.4 IPX Synchronous Routers This information only applies to the Sync Router.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL D.5.4 TELEBIT NETBLAZER AND PN If you are connecting a Router to a Telebit NetBlazer or PN (Personal Node) router, and have enabled IPX routing in both systems, you must disable PPP IPXCP compression, because the Router currently doesn’t interoperate with the NetBlazer’s IPXCP compression.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL You can configure the dialer and test options if you wish. However, if you are using SW56, the Router will act as a dialer. D.6.2 ADTRAN ISU 128 The Adtran ISU 128 provides service over a leased digital network. ISDN network termination is built into the ISU 128, eliminating the need for an NT1. Connect the Sync Router to the V.35 interface, and set the DIP switches to V.35 (both should be UP).
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL D.6.3 CM-1056E, LARSE S5600, RACAL-MILGO 4556 The CM-1056E, Larse S5600, and Racal-Milgo 4556 are all nearly identical CSU/DSU’s, and are used exclusively for leased-line operation.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL D.6.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Appendix E: Glossary ARP—address resolution protocol. Provides IP-to-Ethernet address mapping. ARP dynamically binds a highlevel IP address to a low-level physical hardware address. ARP is used only across a single physical network and is limited to networks that support broadcasts. asynchronous—Method of data communication in which transmission is not synchronized by a clocking signal.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL client access shift—The interval of time a Router allows remote clients to access the LAN attached to the Router. Client access to the Router (and the LAN) is configured relative to the client access shift: access IN (during) the client access shift, access OUT (not during) of the client access shift, and access BOTH in and out (all day) of the client access shift.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL routervu—A command enabling the RouterVu feature available on IPX networks that allows you to remotely log into the Router over the LAN without having a console directly attached to the Router. ICMP—Internet control message protocol. (1) A sub-protocol of IP at the network layer, allowing IP to exchange control information with other IP machines. It automatically reports unusual network conditions such as routing errors and network congestion.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL MIB—Management information base, used to manage networks as part of SNMP. Specified in RFC-1098. modem—A receiving and transmitting device used in pairs to transmit data over telephone lines. The modem in the computer transmitting data modulates the digital computer signal to an analog form. When receiving the analog signal, the paired modem in the remote computer demodulates the digital signal out of the received signal and passes it to its computer.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL RARP—Reverse address-resolution protocol. Permits a workstation’s logical IP address to be determined by its physical MAC-layer Ethernet or token-ring address. Also known as “reverse address-resolution service.” remote access—Software allowing a remote PC user to attach any file server on the network as though it were a local node. The servers reside on the host side.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL socket—An IP socket is created when an IP port on a host machine makes a connection to an IP port on a client machine. IP sockets are ephemeral by nature. When a standard request port has formed a socket connection to a standard services port, additional requests for access to that port may be denied, retiming the “Socket request denied” error message, which is often seen when attempting connections to popular Internet WWW host sites.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL V.42—Communication specification for error control. Error control is automatic, and retransmission after link errors is transparent to the user. V.42bis—Communication specification for data compression. Allows compression of data streams with repetitive data by a factor of a maximum of four. WinSock—Microsoft Windows Sockets. Application programming interface (API) that defines a means by which IP sockets are mapped to the Windows environment.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Appendix F: Installation Reference This Router Purchased from______________________________ Date______________ Technical Support phone number___________________________ Root and root passwords On a Router, the login name for the administrator is root, and the associated password is the root password, which is factory-set to nothing (press ). After configuring your Router, remember to set up a root password.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL How will modem be used? modem0 modem1 modem2 modem3 modem4 for LAN-to-LAN link, or for client access or for fallback on Sync Router (record one use only) Router Serial Number____________________(required for Technical Support) Name___________________________ Your root password_________________ Your link password________________ Date and time (yymmddhhmm[.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Ethernet Parameters NOTE * Starred items are only required in networks that use TCP/IP. Ethernet (eth0) port IPX parameters are only required for IPX (NetWare) networks; IP parameters are only required for IP networks. IPX Network Number (Ethernet 802.3)____ IPX Network Number (Ethernet II)____ IPX Network Number (Ethernet 802.2)____ IPX Network Number (SNAP)____ *IP address_______________________________________(d.d.d.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Sync Parameters NOTE * Starred items are only required in networks that use TCP/IP.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Modem Parameters NOTE * Starred items are only required in networks that use TCP/IP. modem0 port Type_______________(Router, remote client, Portmaster, NetBlazer, Other) Remote phone number______________________ Maximum phone usage =__________minutes (default is 1440 minutes) • If the Remote System is a Router: Name___________________________ Their link password (PAP or CHAP only)___________ *IP address______________________________________(d.d.d.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Login name____________________ Login password_________________ Dialer script filename (if Remote System is “Other”)______________ OR • If this modem is to be used for remote client access *Optional IP address______________________________________(d.d.d.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL *IP subnet mask______________________________________(d.d.d.d) • If the Remote System is NOT a Router or remote client, you also need: Authentication______________(None or PAP or CHAP) Login name____________________ Login password_________________ Dialer script filename (if Remote System is “Other”)______________ OR • If this modem is to be used for remote client access *Optional IP address______________________________________(d.d.d.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Client Parameters Planner Use this sectionn to plan your client accounts in the client database on the Router.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Time quota (1440 min max):_____________________ Idle time (240 sec default, 86400 sec max):________________________ Callback phone number: ______________________ Assigned from within the client software *IP address:_________________________________ IPX network number:____________________________ NOTE * Starred items are only required in networks that use TCP/IP.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL Link Passwords Worksheet Your Site Site A Remote Sites On Router Site A Name______________________________ Site A Password ___________________________ Remote Site via modem0 Site0 Name ______________________________ Site0 Link Password _______________________ Site0 For this system: Site0 Name ______________________________ Site0 Link Password _______________________ Remote Site SiteA Name ______________________________ SiteA Link Password _________
MARCH 1996 LRA001A-R2 LRA005A-R2 LRS002A-R2 Async Router AR-P Async Router AR-5 Sync Router REFERENCE GUIDE 137
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL CONTENTS 1. Quick Reference .....................................................................................................................141 1.1 Command Syntax .............................................................................................................141 1.2 Interface Addresses ..........................................................................................................141 1.3 Generic Commands .....................
CONTENTS 3. IPX-only Commands ...............................................................................................................188 3.1 Interface Addresses ..........................................................................................................188 3.2 IPX Addresses ...................................................................................................................189 3.3 Reserved Destination Socket Numbers.........................................................
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER USER’S MANUAL A.2.6 IPROUTE Group ...................................................................................................246 A.2.7 IPX Group ..............................................................................................................247 A.2.8 PING Group ...........................................................................................................248 A.2.9 PPP Group ............................................................
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL 1. Quick Reference This chapter provides a quick reference guide for the commands, describing syntax, Router modes and prompts, and frequently used commands. The chapters that follow describe each command and its parameters in detail. • Generic commands • IPX-only commands • TCP/IP-only commands • RouterVu commands • General info 1.1 Conventions Used in This Chapter Bold typeface—Commands and keywords. Enter the syntax exactly as shown.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL ethN/II Ethernet N interface, Ethernet Type II frame type ethN/SNAP Ethernet N interface, 802.3 SNAP frame type ethN/802.2 Ethernet N interface, 802.3 LLC frame type modem N Modem N interface; modems are numbered from 0 to 4, depending on your Router model. See the User’s guide for details. sync0 Synchronous interface (Sync Router only) 1.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL dialup iface dtr_dial [dummy secs] dialup iface hangup dialup iface idle_time secs dialup iface inactive dialup iface incoming [dummy secs] dialup iface init init_string dialup iface keepup phone# [secs] dialup iface login_name name dialup iface login_pwd password dialup iface logprompt [on | off] dialup iface once phone# [secs] dialup iface quota mins [-e] dialup iface reset dialup iface script file dialup [iface] status dialup iface volume [{off |
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL Interface status ppp i&g_iface i&g_iface: for single or group ifaces Compression method selections ppp i&g_iface ccp {local | remote} method [stacker | history num | none | allow [on | off] ] LCP negotiation ppp iface lcp {local | remote} accm [ bitmap | allow [on | off] ] iface: single ifaces only ppp iface lcp {local | remote} authentication [ chap | pap | none | allow [on | off] ] ppp iface lcp {local | remote} acfc [ on | off | allow [on | off]
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL version Display Router’s software version number who Display information about logged-in users 1.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL For Modem Interfaces Only route add dest_net iface [metric] [ticks] For Ethernet Interface Only route add dest_net iface [/frame_type] router_addr [metric] [ticks] For any Interface route route broadcast iface [/frame_type] [{enable | disable}] route -f route delete dest_net route update iface [/frame_type] [{enable | disable}] Configure/display IPX routing tables sap sap add name iface [/frame_type] server_type server_addr [hops] sap broadcast ifa
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL domain listservers domain query host_addr domain retry [count] domain suffix [domain_suffix] domain cache list domain cache size [count] Configure/display the Internet Domain Name Service { [-s {[src_addr/bits] [src_port]} ] [-d {[dest_addr/bits] [dest_port]} ] [-p proto ] [-l [{syslog | trap | both}] ] [-i iface] [-f {inbound | outbound}] } -t {allow | deny | nodial | unreach} [-o {before | after} existing_name] filter add name filter delete nam
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL rip add host_addr seconds [flags] rip delete host_addr rip duplicate [{on | off}] rip merge [{on | off}] rip netmask add net_addr/net_bits/subnet_bits rip netmask delete net_addr/net_bits rip netmask list rip refuse router_addr rip request router_addr rip status Configure/display RIP Protocol route route add dest_addr[/bits] iface router_addr [metric] route addprivate dest_addr[/bits] iface router_addr [metric] route add default iface router_addr [me
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL RouterVu enables users on IPX networks to log into and configure the Router remotely. RouterVu is a client/server application, with the client code running in DOS on a PC, and the server code running on the Router. RouterVu commands can only be used on a PC-DOS or compatible computer. Do not enter RouterVu commands on the Router console. The RouterVu utility works over IPX networks.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL routervu HOPPERVU Version 1.2 May 1, 1995 RNS (c) 1995 All Rights Reserved. Usage HOPPERVU HOPPERVU HOPPERVU HOPPERVU HOPPERVU target -n -a -p -o Establish interactive session Show Router names Show Router and Server names ping script_file Keep script file • Connect to a remote Router named Kansas. routervu kansas • List to screen all available Routers. routervu -n HOPPERVU (c) 1995 RNS Building list... anole 00001111.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL 1.7 General Info 1.7.1 ROUTER MODES & PROMPTS The Router is always in either TCP/IP mode or IPX mode. The prompt on your terminal indicates the current mode of the Router (indicated by (tcp/ip)router_name> or (ipx)router_name>). TCP/IP commands are only valid in TCP/IP mode (indicated by the prompt (tcp/ip)router_name>). IPX commands are only valid in IPX mode (indicated by the prompt (ipx)router_name>).
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL • dialup modemX dial_log—Use to view the types of packets that caused the last 5 dials. • history—Use history to check and verify all commands entered since you logged on. • ifconfig iface—Use ifconfig to view the status of the interfaces. • performance—Displays performance statistics, dynamically updated every ten seconds. • ping IP_address—For TCP/IP sites only. When trying to determine if an IP routing problem exists, use ping first.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL ifconfig modem0 netmask 255.255.255.0 peer 0.0.0.0 mtu 1500 dialup modem0 demand 555-5555 240 dialup modem0 volume low domain suffix rns.com domain addserver 0.0.0.0 ppp modem0 lcp local auth chap route add 0.0.0.0/0 modem0 0.0.0.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL 1.7.5 IPX FILTER EXAMPLES NetBios packets are broadcasted constantly from NetBios hosts, often raising the link on a Router enough to incur unnecessary phone charges. The following filter blocks NetBios packets (destination any.any.455) on all interfaces. (ipx)kansas> filter add -d 0.0.455 -t deny To block these packets on a single interface, like modem0, enter: (ipx)kansas> filter add -i modem0 -d 0.0.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL 2. Generic Commands Generic Router commands function the same way in both network environments supported by the Router: IPX and TCP/IP. If a command operates differently depending upon its network environment, it is listed in a separate chapter. See Chapter 3, IPX-only Commands, and Chapter 4, TCP/IP-only Commands. The Router has a mode for each network type. The prompt on the screen reflects its current mode: tcp/ip or ipx.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL 2.1 Interface Addresses The iface[/frame_type] parameters indicate the interface and frame type. iface is specified as one of the following, depending on your Router model: eth0, sync0, modem0, modem1, modem2, modem3, or modem4. If eth0 is selected, the frame_type can be specified as part of the interface, and can be either 802.3, 802.2, SNAP, or II (for Ethernet Type 2). Use a slash to separate the iface from the frame_type, e.g., eth0/802.2.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL access time equal to in. See the client access command. [MTWRFSU]—The days of the week desired for primary shift. • M - Monday • T - Tuesday • W - Wednesday • R - Thursday • F - Friday • S - Saturday access shift 0 Resets the primary access shift to the default 8 a.m. to 5 p.m., Monday through Friday. access shift Displays the currently defined primary shift. Example To set the primary shift hours from 8 a.m. to 9 p.m.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL iface eth0, modem0-4, console asystat Enter asystat alone for a display of all modem interface statistics.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL 2.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL Use authenticate show to display the current authentication method selected, servers in use if any, and the number of successful and unsuccessful login attempts by dial-in clients. If SecurID is being used, additional configuration status is displayed. authenticate test user-id Use authenticate test to test the authentication method (RADIUS, SecurID or local) of a client.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL clientname—If you enter a clientname a new record is added to the database and you are prompted to enter each of the client’s characteristics, i.e., password, etc. If you do not enter a client name, then you will be prompted for the name and then the client characteristics. For convenience, once you are done, you are prompted to add another client to the database. Do not use root, modem0, eth0 (interface names), etc. as client names.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL 2.6 config Configures the parameters required for the Router to operate properly. More sophisticated configurations must be accomplished with individual commands. Syntax config firewall iface config modify config reset config save config show Description config firewall iface Configure an IP firewall on the iface interface. Refer to the User’s Manual for the list of IP filters used in the firewall. config modify Modifies the current configuration.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL Enter values for the year, month, day, hour, minutes and seconds: yy final two digits of the year, for example, 1996 is 96 mm the month number (1-12), for example, October is 10 dd the day number in the month, 1-31 hh is the hour number in a 24-hour system mm (second) the second mm is the minute number .ss specifies seconds and is optional The year, month, and day may be omitted.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL 2.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL Description The dialup command configures the dialup parameters for interface iface. Subcommands and parameters dialup iface client [dummy secs] Sets the modem network to client mode. A network configured for client mode must have the dialup client command present in the network configuration. After setting a network to client mode, the phone number, idle, and quota fields are set to zero.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL iface modem0-4, sync0 dialup iface backup add phone# Adds a backup phone number for a dialup interface. The Router uses the backup phone number only when the primary phone number fails to answer or is busy. iface modem0-4, sync0 phone# Enter a backup phone number for times the remote device is busy or fails to answer.
CHAPTER Used with synchronous ISDN TAs that do not support V.25bis dialing. We recommend you do not use these types of ISDN TAs. This command is only valid for Sync Routers. iface sync0 [dummy secs] Dummy is a nonfunctioning argument. Sets the time in seconds before the Router hangs up on the interface iface, when there is no traffic on that interface. dialup iface hangup Immediately hangs up (breaks connection of) the interface iface.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL name The user name to be established. dialup iface login_pwd password Establishes a password to coincide with the user’s name for authentication when operating between other dialup routers. Many routers present a standard login prompt: login: name Password: password iface modem0-4, sync0 (the interface for which you wish to establish a password) password The password is typically seven characters in length.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL modem0-4, sync0 iface dialup iface script file Specifies the name of the dialer script for this interface. Instead of using the built-in modem commands, the dialer executes the commands from the dialer script. This is useful for complex dialing sequences or for operating between other vendor’s dialup devices. See Appendix B, Dialing Scripts, for more information.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL 2.10 help Display command summaries Syntax help [cmd] ? Description The help command displays the list of commands available. Subcommands and parameters help Alphabetically lists the commands available in your Router’s current mode, as indicated by the prompt: IPX or TCP/IP. A one-line description of each command is provided. help [cmd] If you enter the command name, then help displays a textual description of the command and a usage line.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL Re-executes last command beginning with str. !! Re-executes the previous command. 2.12 hostname Set or display host name Syntax hostname [name] Description Displays or defines the name of the Router. Subcommands and parameters hostname Prints the name currently assigned to the router. hostname [name] Assigns a name to the router. name—Enter a name for the router. 2.13 logout Terminate a Router session.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL 2.14 memory Display memory statistics Syntax memory freelist memory sizes memory status memory threshold Description The memory commands display memory-use statistics for the Router. 2.15 monitor Display interface statistics Syntax monitor errors monitor isdnerrors monitor performance Description The monitor commands display statistics collected on the active interfaces of the Router. 2.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL Subcommands and parameters passwd [-n newname] [user] -n Change the name of the user specified to newname. newname Enter the new name of the user. You cannot change the username root. user Specify the user to whom the password is assigned. To change a connection password, use the hostname in the user parameter. To change a remote connection password, use the remote hostname in the user parameter.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL Total in and out: 6 pps Total async load = Max context switch latency = 1 ticks 0 cps Where ifOutOctets rawsndcnt ifOutUcastPkts ifOutNUcastPkts ifInOctets rawrecvcnt ifInUcastPkts ifInNUcastPkts Dialer state Modem speed Line load Number of bytes transmitted Number of packets sent Number of Unicast (non-broadcast) packets Number of broadcast packets Bytes received Packets received Unicast packets received Broadcast packets received Idle/dialing/ca
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL ppp i&g_iface ipxcp {local | remote} compress [cipx [slots [flag]] | none | allow [on | off]] ppp i&g_iface ipxcp {local | remote} network [on | off | allow [on | off]] ppp i&g_iface ipxcp {local | remote} node [on | off | allow [on | off]] ppp i&g_iface ipxcp {local | remote} default Authentication of users ppp i&g_iface chap user username [password] ppp i&g_iface pap user username [password] Description The Router uses industry-standard PPP as defi
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL • once connection tests pass, each end must pass authentication • once authentication passes, PPP must send packets to select and configure one or more network-layer protocols, IP and IPX • once network-layer protocols are selected and configured properly, data can finally be sent over the connection. The following section, Syntax, lists the various ppp command syntax configurations.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL on—the specified value will be negotiated off—the specified value will not be negotiated 2.18.1 INTERFACE STATUS ppp i&g_iface Current status of an interface - With no other parameters, the ppp iface command issued as shown above displays the current PPP status of the interface iface you specify. 2.18.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL NOTE If authentication fails after a config modify has been executed, make sure you verify the config modify with a config show.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL • ACCM - 0xfffffff • ACFC - off • authentication - none • Magic number - off - not negotiated • MRU - 1500 octets • PFC - two-octet fields • timeout - 3 seconds ppp iface lcp timeout [seconds] Timeout—Sets the timeout interval. seconds—Displays or sets the interval to wait between LCP configuration or termination attempts. The default is 3 seconds. 2.18.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL ppp i&g_iface ipxcp {local | remote} node [on | off | allow [on | off]] IPX node number—Displays or sets whether the local or remote IPX node number is announced to the other side or not. Also sets whether to allow a local or remote node number from the remote side. ppp i&g_iface ipxcp {local | remote} default ipxcp configuration settings—Change the selected interface’s ipxcp configuration settings back to their defaults.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL 2.19 ps Displays the status of running processes Syntax ps Description The command ps displays the total time the router has been up and information about all of the currently running processes.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL 2.20 reboot Drop all connections and restart the Router Syntax reboot Description reboot is a cold-restart mechanism that gracefully drops all open connections and restarts the router. A user prompt is displayed on the screen; verification is needed before reboot is initiated. When rebooted, the router responds as if the power was started and stopped by restarting the Router internal self tests and reloading the system software. 2.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL 2.22 tip Establishes a connection with an interface Syntax tip iface Description Using a terminal program, the tip command establishes a full-duplex terminal connection to a modem interface. It is a diagnostic tool used to manually send commands to a modem. Normally this command is only used to test new modem configuration options. NOTE The tip command is only used on modem interfaces. Do not use tip on a modem that has a dialer running.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL Subcommands and parameters trace iface [in | out | hex | ppp | packet | up | > filename] iface eth0, modem0-4, sync0 in Limit traces to packets received on the interface. out Limit traces to packets sent by the interface. hex Add an additional hex dump to the output. ppp Include PPP packets in the trace. packet Include all packet types in the trace. up Displays the packets keeping the WAN link active.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL 2.25 update Synchronize the local and remote networks Syntax update [iface] now update [iface] init [{on | off}] update [iface] periodic [[+] time1 [time2 [time3 [time4]]]] update [iface] timeout [mins] Description The update command forces a periodic connection to the site at the other end of the specified iface. This allows IPX protocol tables, like the routing (RIP) and Service (SAP) tables, to be exchanged between the two sites.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL +—If the first time is preceded by a plus (+) sign, the following three times specified are ignored. time1—If you specify a value in the time1 parameter preceded by a plus (+) sign, then it becomes the interval of time at which a connection is attempted. If you do not specify a + before the value, time1 becomes the first time during the day a routine connection is attempted. Use the 24-hour format (hhmm).
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL 3. IPX-only commands The Router is always in one of two modes. The prompt always indicates the current mode: • (ipx)Router> Router is in IPX mode • (tcp/ip)Router> Router is in TCP/IP mode The commands in this chapter are for IPX mode only, supporting IPX network environments. Commands which operate the same way in both IPX and TCP/IP environments are documented in Chapter 2, Generic Commands.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL • ping -send an ICMP packet to remote host • ripfilter -filter RIP packets using the RIP filter list • route -display and change IPX routing tables • sap -display and change SAP routing tables • sapfilter -filter IPX packets using the SAP filter list • spoof -configure/display which packets to spoof • tcp/ip -change to TCP/IP mode Before listing the commands alphabetically, the following general information is provided: • IPX addresses
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL 3.2 IPX Addresses IPX addresses uniquely identify a particular node on an IPX network. IPX addresses are represented as: net.node.socket net—Uniquely identifies an IPX network with a number. This IPX network number is specified in 8digit hexadecimal format. The range of valid IPX network numbers for Router command-line parameters is 1 to fffffffe. The IPX network number 0 is reserved for this network and should not be used in any Router commands.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL To use socket numbers above 8000h, you must contact Novell and obtain assignments. No broadcast socket numbers are allowed in IPX. 3.4 IPX Server Types Novell assigns each type of server a unique server type, which is specified by a number. Although IPX routers use SAP, they do not typically act as servers and do not require assignment of a server type. Table B-2 lists some typical server types. Table B-2. Typical IPX Server Types.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL 3.5 IPX Packet Types The packet type indicates the type of service offered or required by the packet. Table B-3 list the packet types defined in NetWare. Table B-3. IPX Packet Types.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL • SAP (sapfilter command) Packets are checked for filter matches using those three lists in the order: general list, RIP list, SAP list.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL unspecified, the default frame_type is 802.3. [-s src_addr]—Specify source address src_addr—Specify the source address field of the IPX header. These include the network, node and socket numbers. Specify these three numbers as hexadecimal numbers, separated by periods, as follows: network.node.socket. Leading zeros are not required. Use the keyword any as a wild card for either node or socket number.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL Enables you to relocate a filter entry name in the filter list, to a place before or after an existing filter entry existing_name. If no [before | after...] clause is given, then the entry is placed last in the list. To change a filter’s priority, simply move it in the list. filter status Displays the list of general IPX packet filters. Example Add a filter to allow only SAP packets (socket 452) to pass through. filter add fs1 -s any.any.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL number. iface eth0, modem0-4, sync0 / frame_type The frame type you want to assign to the interface. Legal frame types are: • 802.3 • 802.2 • SNAP • II (for Ethernet Type 2) Use a slash to separate the iface from the frame_type—for example, eth0/802.2. If left unspecified, the default frame_type is 802.3. net_number—If net_number is not present, the current net number for the interface is displayed.
aASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUALNAME ipx trace Description The ipx command allows you to display or configure parameters to control the IPX protocol. Entering any of the commands without options or parameters displays the current state. Subcommands and parameters ipx broadcast—Displays the current status (on or off) of ipx broadcast. ipx internal_net [internal_net_number] internal_net_number—Displays or sets the current IPX internal network number.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL of memory errors, and network usage statistics. These statistics are useful when troubleshooting problems. -p—ipx—Display IPX protocol statistics, including running counter values such as total number of packets sent and received, number of bad packets received, time-outs, etc. rip—Display RIP protocol statistics, including running counter values such as total number of packets sent and received, number of bad packets received, time-outs, etc.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL the Router’s SAP table. ping router_name router_name—The Router to which you wish to verify a connection. This name must appear in Router’s SAP table. ping network.node_address network.node_address—The node address to which you wish to verify a connection. ping -s {server_name | router_name | network.node_address} server_name—The server name to which you wish to verify a connection. This name must appear in the Router’s SAP table.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL Use the ripfilter command to configure and modify RIP filters. If enabled, all incoming and outgoing RIP packets are filtered through RIP filters. There are three IPX filter lists: • General (filter command) • RIP (ripfilter command) • SAP (sapfilter command) Packets are checked for filter matches using these three lists in the order: general list, RIP list, SAP list.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL Specify the type of filter to be used. allow—Allows any packet that matches the filter specification to pass through the router. deny—Drops packets that matches the filter specification. nodial—Only drops packets that would make the destination interface dial. Otherwise, the packet is passed on. Use filters to keep hosts outside of your organization from initiating calls on your phone line and increasing your phone bills.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL after—Insert the filter name after existing_name. If before or after are not specified then the filter is inserted at the end of the list. existing_name—Enter a filter name already in the list. ripfilter status Displays the list of RIP packet filters. Example #1 On the headquarters Router enter: > sap to display: Type FILE SERVER Name SALES Interface Address eth0/802.3 1234.000000 1 Hops 2 P Flg Next, enter: ripfilter -h 2 -i eth0/802.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL route -f route delete dest_net route update iface[/frame_type] [{enable | disable}] Description Adding and deleting IPX routes is unnecessary in all but the most unusual of circumstances. Normally, the Router software will learn the routes by communicating with other routers and servers on the network, and the software will maintain valid routing tables without user intervention.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL unspecified, the default frame_type is 802.3. router_addr—The Ethernet address of the next hop router to which packets should be sent. The router_addr parameter must always be specified for Ethernet interfaces. Enter the router_addr as six sets of two-digit hexadecimal numbers, separated by colons (“:”). metric—The number of hops to the destination.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL delete a static route, use the route delete command and specify the desired route explicitly. Flushing the route table does not turn off the Router’s ability to learn new routes. Using RIP, the Router will re-learn all routes that other routers are advertising on the network, over a period of time. route delete dest_net Deletes a route to dest_addr, the network address of the destination network. Enter dest_addr as a hexadecimal number.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL *00004444 *00000008 *00000009 *0000000a *0000000b *00000de2 *00000201 modem0 modem0 modem0 modem0 modem0 modem0 modem0 740109154a4b 740109154a4b 740109154a4b 740109154a4b 740109154a4b 740109154a4b 740109154a4b 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 13 13 13 13 13 23 23 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 P P P P P P P (* = LAN Network Number) 3.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL Name Type Interface Address Hops Flg • Name—SAP name, • Type—SAP type, • Interface—Router interface, • Address—IPX address, • Hops—The number of hops to the SAP, • Flg—Some flags describing the SAP. The flags are: P—Primary SAP. All routes will have this flag. N—New primary SAP. This route was learned since the last SAP update. A—Ageless SAP. This route is currently not being aged. S—Static SAP.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL The sap delete subcommand deletes a Service Table entry. name—The name of the service to be deleted. If the entry being deleted was added by hand (i.e. is a static entry), then any existing secondary entry will become the new primary entry to the service. Specify name as an ASCII string up to 48 characters long. sap -f Flushes the Service Table. All dynamic SAP entries will be removed from the Service Table.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL remote RNS BRANCH BRANCH hq JUSTIN RNS RNS MAIN MAIN rolo Hollis nmstest Router eth0/802.3 NDS eth0/802.3 NW 386 eth0/802.3 FILE SERVER eth0/802.3 Router modem0 FILE SERVER modem0 NDS modem0 NTS modem0 NW 386 modem0 FILE SERVER modem0 Router modem0 Router modem0 Router modem0 00002111.02CF1F800013.87BE 00000BAC.000000000001.4006 00000BAC.000000000001.8104 00000BAC.000000000001.0451 00001111.02CF1F800022.87BE 2F24F387.000000000001.04513 2CC6F6CA.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL hop is not considered. The filtering is based on a prioritized list of filter expressions. Filter expressions are added to the Router through use of the filter, ripfilter, and sapfilter commands. The action specified in the first filter expression found in the Filter list that matches the packet in question is applied. All IPX filtering is disabled by default.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL allow—Allows any packet that matches the filter specification to pass through the router. deny—Drops packets that matches the filter specification. nodial—Only drops packets that would make the destination interface dial. Otherwise, the packet is passed on. Use filters to keep hosts outside of your organization from initiating calls on your phone line and increasing your phone bills.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL sapfilter status Displays the list of SAP packet filters. Example Add a filter called “sap1” to allow only file server services (service type 4) received from eth0 to be routed. Create a second filter called “sap2” which denies all other inbound packets. Enter: sapfilter add sap1 -s 4 -f inbound -i eth0 -t allow sapfilter add sap2 -i eth0 -f inbound -t deny -o after sap1 See also filter ripfilter 3.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL 3.16 tcp/ip Change the Router mode to TCP/IP Syntax tcp/ip [tcp/ip_command [param]...] Description When in IPX mode, use the tcp/ip command to enter the TCP/IP mode. The Router is always in one of two modes, and the prompt always indicates the mode: (tcp/ip)Router> (ipx)Router> Router is in TCP/IP mode Router is in IPX mode The protocol mode is set on a per-session basis. Individually logged in users can have different modes set.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL 4. TCP/IP-only Commands The Router is always in one of two modes. The prompt always indicates the current mode: • (ipx)Router> Router is in IPX mode • (tcp/ip)Router> Router is in TCP/IP mode The commands in this chapter are for TCP/IP mode only for TCP/IP network environments. Commands which work the same way in both IPX and TCP/IP environments are documented in Chapter 2. Commands for IPX mode only are documented in Chapter 3.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL 4.1 Interface Addresses The iface[/frame_type] parameters indicate the interface and frame type. iface is specified as one of the following, depending on your Router model: eth0, sync0, modem0, modem1, modem2, modem3, or modem4. If eth0 is selected, the frame_type can be specified as part of the interface, and can be either 802.3, 802.2, SNAP, or II (for Ethernet Type 2). Use a slash to separate the iface from the frame_type—for example, eth0/802.2.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL Description The arp command displays and modifies the Internet-to-Ethernet address translation tables used by the address resolution protocol (ARP). If an illegal option is entered, the usage line is displayed. Subcommands and parameters arp—Display the entire ARP table. arp [host_addr]—Display the current ARP entry of a host. host_addr—The address of the host whose ARP table you want displayed. arp -a—Display all current ARP entries.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL 4.3 domain Configure the Internet Domain Name Service (DNS) Syntax domain addserver host_addr [host_addr...] domain dropserver host_addr [host_addr...] domain listservers domain query host_addr domain retry [count] domain suffix [domain_suffix] domain cache list domain cache size [count] Description The domain command configures the Internet Domain Name Service. This is used to map Internet addresses to a more familiar textual name.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL domain cache size [count] Set or display the current number of domain names that the cache can hold. count—Enter the maximum number of domain names. If this parameter is omitted, the current setting is displayed. 4.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL Set the source address and length of the subnet mask: src_addr/bits—Specify the source address and the significant number of high-order contiguous bits used as a subnet mask to attempt matches. If no bits are specified, a default mask of 32 bits is assumed. src_port—Specify the source port. The keyword any may be entered for src_addr or src_port.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL iface—eth0, modem0-4, sync0 [-f {inbound | outbound}] Specify the flow direction to which an entry applies. Filter entries may be created to restrict inbound, outbound, or traffic flowing in both directions. The default value is both. -t {allow | deny | nodial | unreach} Specify the type of filter. allow—allows any packet that matches the filter specification to pass through. deny—drops any packet that matches the filter specification.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL before—Position the filter expression name before the filter expression existing_name in the FE list. after—Position the filter expression name after the filter expression existing_name in the FE list. existing_name—The name of a filter expression currently residing in the FE priority list which you want to use to orient the placement of a new FE in the list of filter priorities.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL 4.6 ifconfig Name Configure an interface Syntax ifconfig iface [address addr[/bits]] [broadcast addr] [linkaddr directory_number [/SPID]] [metric [hops]] [mtu size] [netmask mask] [peer addr [/bits]] [rip [{active | passive | off}]] [speed [bps]] [{up | down}] Description The ifconfig command is used to assign an IP address to a network interface and/or to configure network interface parameters.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL [metric [hops]] Sets the hopcount that RIP will use for a link on the specified interface. No matter what the true hopcount is for a route, administrators typically set larger hopcount values on slower interfaces than on faster interfaces, to establish a preference for the faster interface. By default, the Router sets the hopcount on modems to 2, and to 1 for all other interfaces. [mtu size] Specify the maximum packet size of the interface in bytes.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL Router and its modem, sync and ISDN interfaces. bps—bits per second. Typical choices are 38400 bps for V.34 modem interfaces, 57600 bps for synchronous interfaces, and 115200 bps for ISDN interfaces. [{up | down}] up—Mark an interface “up.” The PPP state of point-to-point interfaces is set to “starting.” down—Mark an interface “down.” When an interface is marked “down,” the system will not attempt to transmit messages through that interface.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL ip status Displays the IP statistics such as total packets, number of bad packets, etc. ip ttl [hops] Sets or displays the IP time-to-live value placed in each outgoing IP packet. hops—The default value for hops is 255. 4.8 ipx Change to IPX mode Syntax ipx [ipx_command param...] Description When in TCP/IP mode, use the ipx command to enter IPX mode.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL The possible state values for TCP sockets are as follows: • CLOSED: the socket is not being used. • LISTEN: Listening for incoming connections. • SYN_SENT: Actively trying to establish connection. • SYN_RECEIVED: Initial synchronization of the connection under way. • ESTABLISHED: Connection has been established. • CLOSE_WAIT: Remote shut down: waiting for the socket to close. • FIN_WAIT_1: Socket closed, shutting down connection.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL ping dest_addr [packet_size] dest_addr—Enter the IP address of the device where packets will be sent. Use standard dotted-quad notation or the host name if DNS service is available. packet_size—Modify the default packet size ping sends, which is 4 octets. ping -s dest_addr [packet_size] [count] dest_addr—Enter the IP address of the device where packets will be sent. Use standard dotted-quad notation or the host name if DNS service is available.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL host_addr—Enter the address of the host to add to the RIP table. seconds—Enter the number of seconds of the intervals when the RIP table is updated with this address. flags—If set to 1, then split horizon processing is performed for the destination. That is, any IP routing table entries pointing to the interface to be used to send this update will be removed from the update.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL rip netmask delete net_addr/net_bits Delete netmasks from the list. net_addr—The network address of the network with the netmasks to be deleted. net_bits—The bits that comprise the netmask. rip netmask list Display a list of the netmasks. rip refuse router_addr Cause the Router to refuse RIP packets from the router with address router_addr. This is the opposite of the accept subcommand.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL • Bits—subnet mask /bits. • Interface—interface iface on which matching packets are routed. • Route/NextHop—IP address of the next hop. • Metric—the number of hops to the destination. • Timer—seconds left until the route expires. A value of 0 indicates a permanent route. • Use—the number of times this route has been used. • Flags—provide information about the route.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL router_addr—The address of the closest router to your Router where packets should be sent first, called the next hop. metric—The number of hops to the destination. route delete dest_addr[/bits] [iface] Deletes a route to dest_addr. dest_addr—The address of the network towards which you are defining a route. /bits—The number of significant contiguous bits in the address dest_addr to be used as a subnet mask for matching.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL to IP hosts in the community ACL. snmp delete community community_name Delete the community from the access control database. When a community is removed, its community_name is invalidated as well as its access control list and access privileges. community_name Enter the name of the community. snmp set acl community_name host_addr [host_addr...] Use this subcommand to add IP addresses to the community ACL.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL 4.14 syslog Configure/display system logging information Syntax syslog {on | off} syslog address host_addr syslog class class_value syslog message message_string syslog priority priority_value syslog status Description The syslog command sets the configuration of how significant events are recorded to a log that displays on the system console.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL syslog address host_addr With no parameters specified this command displays the IP address of the syslog daemon. host_addr—Enter the address of the host which will receive all syslog messages from the router. syslog class class_value Set the class of syslog message to be sent. class_value—Enter a decimal number from 0 to 31. The default value is 16 (class local0). When editing /etc/syslog.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL The priority value indicated is: • used to filter the local display of syslog messages. All syslog messages are sent to the logging host, which may do its own filtering. • used as the priority for the “syslog message” command. syslog status Display the current system log configuration. 4.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL tcp rtt tcb_addr rtt Replace the automatically computed round-trip time rtt parameter value in the TCP connection specified by tcb_addr. tcb_addr—Enter the TCB address of the TCP connection for which you wish to redefine the round trip time. rtt—Enter the new round trip time. The value is expressed in milliseconds. tcp status [tcb_addr] Display TCP-level information for TCP connections.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL Example traceroute to today.earth.cmc.com(222.99.32.116), 30 hops max, 38 byte packets 1 Arrow.Today.CMC.COM (222.99.12.208) 800 ms 640 ms 760 ms 2 Target.Today.CMC.COM (222.99.12.116) 640 ms 620 ms 640 ms traceroute done:normal (Unreachable Port) 4.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL Appendix A: System Messages This appendix contains an alphabetical listing of error and information messages that can appear on your Router’s serial port console. There are two types of messages: syslog and console. Syslog messages are generated by the UNIX-style logging system syslog; console messages are generated by the system and are only generated when there is a console or telnet session active.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL • RIP • SNMP • SYSTEM • TCP • TIP • TRACE • TRACEROUTE A.1 Syslog Messages This section contains a listing of error messages that the Router collects for the UNIX system logging system (syslog).
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL iface canned dialer failed: reason The Router failed to establish a modem link at the destination, using the factory-configured (canned) dialup commands; the reason for failure is displayed: NO CARRIER, BUSY, NO DIALTONE, NO ANSWER. Priority: LOG_ERR.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL An abnormal condition has caused the modem to hang up. The modem result code is displayed at the end of the message. Priority: LOG_ERR. iface hangup failed The Router attempted to hang up the phone but the modem did not respond as expected. As a result, the Router will attempt to re-initialize the modem. Wait to see if re-initialization is successful before taking any action. If not successful, reboot the Router. Priority: LOG_ERR.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL means that the period of network inactivity has exceeded the idle timer setting in the dialup command. Priority: LOG_INFO. iface link stalled, hanging up A modem link in keepup mode is idle and an attempted connection did not get a response. Try again later. If problem persists, recycle the power. Priority: LOG_INFO. iface misconfigured speed, actual_speed speed_tried An attempt was made to set the serial port to an illegal speed.
aASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUALNAME message. This message will almost never be seen because the Router will fall back to V.25 bis only if limited capabilities of the remote modem force it. iface V.25bis call timed out This is a routine notification that a dialup connection (using the V.25 bis protocol) timed out from inactivity. This message will almost never be seen as the Router will fall back to V.25 bis only if limited capabilities of the remote modem force it.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL A.1.4 IPX GROUP iface Dialing for: source_ipxaddr:socket dest_ipxaddr:socket This is a routine notification that an IPX dialup connection is being initiated, with the source and destination IPX addresses identified. iface Answered call for: source_ipxaddr:socket dest_ipxaddr:socket This is a routine notification that an IPX dialup connection was answered, with the source and destination IPX addresses identified. A.1.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL A.1.8 SNMP GROUP SNMP Trap addr unreachable trap type type_no An attempt was made to send an SNMP trap with type type_no to an IP destination that is unreachable. Reconfigure the SNMP access control group to specify a reachable IP address. Priority: LOG_ERR. A.1.9 SYSTEM GROUP Restart complete version_string Informational message that is displayed at the completion of a startup or reboot. Priority: LOG_NOTICE.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL is not busy. Try restarting the Router, if dialup reset doesn’t work. DIALER: dialup once: iface not available A dialup once command line was issued when the dialer is not in a state from which it can dial out. Issue the dialup reset command or reboot the Router to correct the irregular modem state and reissue the dialer command line.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL A.2.4 IFCONFIG GROUP IFCONFIG: Must first set the IP address for iface: iface_name In order to mark your interface up, the ifconfig command requires that you first set the IP address. Set the IP address and then you will be able to mark the interface up. IFCONFIG: WARNING: No Ethernet cable attached The Router has detected that no Ethernet cable is attached.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL IPROUTE: Bad host_name The Router was unable to find a route to the specified host_name or IP_addr. Verify that the destination host is up and networking, and connected to the expected network. Use the ping command to help isolate the problem. A.2.7 IPX GROUP IPX: Cannot change network address while iface is up You must first mark the interface down before changing its network address.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL A.2.8 PING GROUP PING: Invalid packet size You have entered a ping command with the packet-size parameter specified to be larger than 512K. The maximum Router ping packet size is 512K. Try the command again with a smaller packet size parameter. PING: No known DNS servers No domain name server is present in the current Router configuration, or no domain servers are present.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL SNMP: bad host address, host_addr The Router was unable to resolve the host_addr given in the snmp set command. Verify that host_addr is correct; the name server or host data base has host_addr; and re-enter the command line. SNMP: maximum host addresses exceeded, cant add: host_addr An attempt was made to add another host_addr when the maximum of eight addresses per community are already in the Access Control List (ACL). Delete an unused host_addr.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL SYSTEM: Unknown parameter: parameter_name An incorrect parameter was specified on your command line. Re-enter your command line. SYSTEM: Unsupported parameter: parameter_name An unsupported parameter was specified on your command line. Re-enter your command line. SYSTEM: Insufficient arguments An insufficient number of arguments were specified on your command line. Re-enter your command line.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL A.2.15 TRACE GROUP TRACE: Unknown interface: iface An attempt was made to traceroute to an invalid interface. Check for spelling of the interface name on the command line. You can display currently valid interface names by entering the ifconfig command. Reenter the command line. A.2.16 TRACEROUTE GROUP TRACEROUTE: Connection failed The traceroute program failed due to external network conditions. Try again later.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL Appendix B: Dialing Scripts When configuring a modem for most applications, the standard dialing sequence procedure is recommended. It is more robust and has better error recovery than scripts. When special handling is required, a simple script language is available for writing custom dialer scripts. Both options are described in this section. NOTE These options and commands can be used only on modems, not synch. B.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL B.2 Dialer Script Procedure A dialer script file is a DOS formatted text file in which each line contains one of the following commands: connect [speed] Instructs the dialer to wait for the modem to make a connection.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL Used to signal a connect state transition to the PPP state machine. For example: send “ATDT 555-6789\r” wait 45000 “CONNECT” speed status up Once the connection is made, the status up command will start PPP. wait Used to indicate a waiting period before the next action is taken. The three forms are: wait msec wait msec string wait msec string speed The first form waits for a specified time period in milliseconds.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL • send “AT&FS0=1&C1&D2&Q5&W\r”—set up modem parameters as: &F—reset to factory defaults. S0=1—answer incoming calls on first ring. &C1—Data Carrier Detect is high when connected to remote modem. &D2—disconnect from remote modem when DTR goes low. &Q5—Lock DTE speed and enable speed adaptation buffering and error control by the modem. &W—Save these values so that they are restored when the modem is reset.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL B.4.1 USE TIP TO TEST DIALING To verify modem dialing, use the tip modemX command (where X is the appropriate modem number) to connect the console terminal or telnet session directly to the modem. Any dialer on the modem must first be killed.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL Action initiated by each command is: • control down—turn off DTR in order to reset the modem • wait 100—give the system 100 milliseconds to respond • control up—turn DTR on • speed 38400—set DTE port speed • send “AT&FS=1&C1&D2&Q5&W\r” 100—set up modem parameters • wait 3000 “OK”—wait for modem to be ready • send “ATDT 1-555-426-1888\r”—dial the number • wait 45000 “CONNECT 38400”—Wait for connection to be ready • send “\r\r\r” 100—send return to aut
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL The $LOGIN_PWD macro sends the login_pwd value previously specified by the command: dialup iface login_pwd login_pwd To change a phone number, login name, or login password, simply reissue the appropriate dialer command. The dialer command file remains the same. B.5 Modem Control Signals The Router contains an internal modem for each external connection through a telephone line. Data and control signals connect the internal modem and the Router CPU.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, AR-5, AND SYNC ROUTER REFERENCE MANUAL The Router’s modem speaker is on by default during call setup. You can control the modem speaker’s volume using the dialup iface volume {on | low | medium | high} command. After invoking the dialup volume command, use the config save command to save the modem speaker’s volume setting. Don’t use an init_string to control the modem speaker’s volume.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, ASYNC ROUTER AR-5, SYNC ROUTER RELEASE NOTES Appendix C: Release 4.2 Notes The 4.2 release operates with the Async Router AR-P (LRA001A-R2), Async Router AR-5 (LRA005A-R2), and the Sync Router (LRS002A-R2), and supports LAN-to-LAN routing and single-user remote node access applications. The following features are available for this release: New Features, Release 4.2 • SecurID supported—SecurID technology is now supported.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, ASYNC ROUTER AR-5, SYNC ROUTER RELEASE NOTES Ethernet, modem, and synchronous interfaces. • Enable up to 100 remote users (modem) to dial into your network over the asynchronous modem interfaces.—The Router is available with remote node software that allows PC-based users to dial into your LAN using IPX, TCP/IP, or both protocols simultaneously. In addition to the remote node software, PCMCIA and ISA modems are available with the Router, for remote PC and laptop users.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, ASYNC ROUTER AR-5, SYNC ROUTER RELEASE NOTES For All Routers • Provides “canned” filters called Network Link Optimization (NLO). NLO transparently filters unnecessary WAN traffic and reduces telephone costs for IPX networks. • Provides a remote configuration utility, similar in function to telnet (over IP networks). The RouterVu utility enables you to remotely configure Routers across IPX networks. For remote configuring IP networks, telnet is supported. • Support for integrated V.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, ASYNC ROUTER AR-5, SYNC ROUTER RELEASE NOTES [20215] - When modifying your Router configuration (using config modify), if you respond “n” to the prompt: Do you want to configure and use modemX now? the Router will take the interface down. Use ifconfig iface up to bring the interface back up, or answer “y” to the prompt and accept all of the defaults (if you desire).
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, ASYNC ROUTER AR-5, SYNC ROUTER RELEASE NOTES [20391] - ftp to Router using PCNFSpro windows ftp client does not show any files when you’ve successfully logged in and use the dir command. [20540] - To remove an IP firewall, use config firewall instead of config modify. [20561] - Sometimes TCP port displays show negative numbers. Numbers above 215 (32768) will be displayed as negative numbers.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, ASYNC ROUTER AR-5, SYNC ROUTER RELEASE NOTES Workaround—Limit the port speed to 57600. [20646] - The Windows 95 remote client cannot see the foldernames or files on the remote server. Workaround—On your Windows 95 client machine, go into the control panel, select the Networking icon, then the Dialup Adapter icon. Click on Properties/Advance/IPX Header Compression. Set the header compression to “no.” Now reconnect to the remote server. RouterVu Issues [20614] - RouterVu (v1.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, ASYNC ROUTER AR-5, SYNC ROUTER RELEASE NOTES How to Upgrade to Release 4.2 A software kit for release 4.2 includes: • Router SmartRoute release 4.2 • This manual There are two procedures for upgrading a Router, depending upon whether custom dialer scripts are used or not: • The Router doesn’t use custom dialer scripts (use method 1) • The Router does use custom dialer scripts (use method 2) Follow method 1 or method 2 to upgrade your Router.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, ASYNC ROUTER AR-5, SYNC ROUTER RELEASE NOTES Telebit, or other as the modem peer during configuration), the script file from your current configuration must be copied to the 4.2 release boot diskette so that it may continue to be used. Complete the steps below to upgrade a currently operational Router from your previous release to the 4.2 release. The filenames for the standard dialer scripts included with the Router are netbl.dcf, portm.dcf and other.dcf.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, ASYNC ROUTER AR-5, SYNC ROUTER RELEASE NOTES Record the line that looks like: dialup iface speed bps 3. Remove the current boot diskette from the diskette drive. 4. Verify that the write-protect “window” on the release 4.2 boot diskette is closed, allowing information to be written to the disk. Insert the release 4.2 boot diskette into the diskette drive and enter: config save 5. Reboot the system by entering: reboot Ignore any dialup error messages that may be displayed on the screen. 6.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, ASYNC ROUTER AR-5, SYNC ROUTER RELEASE NOTES 1. On the two Routers connected together (via a phone line) enter: dialup modemX status where modemX is modem0 on an AR-P or Sync Router, and modem0 – modem4 on an AR-5. For an AR-5, repeat the procedure for each configured modem interface and its peer. The dialup line above will output a message like: (tcp/ip)croy> dialup modem0 status modem0: (28800/V1.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, ASYNC ROUTER AR-5, SYNC ROUTER RELEASE NOTES Although telephone companies often offer several types of leased lines, it is important to select a type of leased line that is supported by the Router modem. The types of lines offered differ from telephone company to telephone company, as do the names by which they are referenced. Here is a description of some commonly used types of lines, and whether they can be used with the Router’s V.32 bis or V.34 modems. 1.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, ASYNC ROUTER AR-5, SYNC ROUTER RELEASE NOTES A leased line with no battery or signaling will not work with the Router’s V.32 bis or V.34 modems. Sometimes called a “dry pair,” this type of line is often provisioned for a local connection. If this is the only type of line offered, you can augment it with a separate “ringdown box,” in order to turn it into an equivalent of a ringdown line (described previously). 4. 4-wire leased line A 4-wire leased line will not work with the Router’s V.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, ASYNC ROUTER AR-5, SYNC ROUTER RELEASE NOTES • The type of system to which your Router will connect. The Router configuration process includes options to configure your Router to connect to some other popular routers, like the Livingston Portmaster or the Telebit Netblazer or PN. Ask your ISP if you will be connecting to any of those, and if so, choose the corresponding configuration option for your Router during initial configuration.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, ASYNC ROUTER AR-5, SYNC ROUTER RELEASE NOTES or ppp iface chap user [username] [password] config save (for CHAP) where iface is the modem interface that you are using to connect to the ISP (modem0, modem1, etc.) The [username] and [password] are the PAP/CHAP authentication name and password. The config save command will save these PPP commands to the Router’s boot diskette, and these commands will be executed automatically after every reboot.
ASYNC ROUTER AR-P, ASYNC ROUTER AR-5, SYNC ROUTER RELEASE NOTES send $PHONE by send “ATDT 345-6789\r” In order for the Router to establish a PPP connection with the ISP’s system, the Router has to indicate to the ISP’s system that it wants to establish this kind of connection. In the dialer script example, the command send “ppp\r” indicates this desire. For some systems, you may only need to send one p character to produce the same effect, such as send “p/r”.
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