SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-24TX ETHERNET SWITCH INSTALLATION AND USER GUIDE
Only qualified personnel should perform installation procedures. NOTICE Cabletron Systems reserves the right to make changes in specifications and other information contained in this document without prior notice. The reader should in all cases consult Cabletron Systems to determine whether any such changes have been made. The hardware, firmware, or software described in this manual is subject to change without notice.
DOC NOTICE This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class A limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus set out in the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications. Le présent appareil numérique n’émet pas de bruits radioélectriques dépassant les limites applicables aux appareils numériques de la class A prescrites dans le Règlement sur le brouillage radioélectrique édicté par le ministère des Communications du Canada.
EXCLUSION OF WARRANTY AND DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY 1. EXCLUSION OF WARRANTY. Except as may be specifically provided by Cabletron in writing, Cabletron makes no warranty, expressed or implied, concerning the Program (including its documentation and media).
DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY Application of Council Directive(s): 89/336/EEC 73/23/EEC Manufacturer’s Name: Cabletron Systems, Inc. Manufacturer’s Address: 35 Industrial Way PO Box 5005 Rochester, NH 03867 European Representative Name: Mr. J.
TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Preface i Purpose. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .i Audience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .i Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. ELS100-24TX USER INTERFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 User Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Factory Defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Menu Hierarchy. . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. SNMP MANAGEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 The SNMP Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 MIB Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 RFC 1213 (MIB-II). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 RFC 1398 (Ethernet MIB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
APPENDIX E. CLASS OF SERVICE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 APPENDIX F. ACRONYMS & ABBREVIATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PREFACE Purpose This guide provides information about the features and applications of the ELS100-24TX switch as well as instructions for configuring and monitoring the switch.
Keyboard Entries This guide uses the following conventions for keyboard entries: • When you read “enter,” type the text and press the [Enter] key. • Example: Enter the Gateway IP address and press the [Enter] key. • When you read “select,” type the letter associated with the parameter. Example: Select a from the System Configuration Menu to view the SNMP Configuration Menu.
Organization Chapter 1. Product Overview: Describes the features of the switch, front and rear panel components and application examples. Chapter 2. Installation: Describes the content of your switch shipment, lists site requirements, and provides mounting instructions. Instructions for making connections and powering up the switch are provided as well. Chapter 3. ELS100-24TX User Interface: Describes the user interface console menus and lists the factory defaults for system settings.
Getting Help If you need additional support for this device, or if you have any questions, comments, or suggestions concerning this manual, contact the Cabletron Systems Global Call Center: Phone (603) 332-9400 Internet mail support@ctron.com FTP ctron.com (134.141.197.25) Login Password BBS Modem setting anonymous your email address (603) 335-3358 8N1: 8 data bits, No parity, 1 stop bit For additional information about Cabletron Systems or its products, visit the World Wide Web site: http:www.
1. PRODUCT OVERVIEW Description This installation and user guide describes the Cabletron Systems ELS100-24TX Ethernet switch. This unit is IEEE 802.1D-compliant and supports 24 IEEE 802.3u 100Base-TX Fast Ethernet ports. Each port can alternatively operate as an IEEE 802.3i 10Base-T port. The Cabletron Systems ELS100-24TX switch automatically learns endstation addresses from the network and stores them in a Media Access Control (MAC) address forwarding table.
• Architecture: - 8-port 10/100 switch ASIC in a distributed switching architecture - 4.2 Gbps internal switching fabric - Up to 12 MB packet buffering (512 KB/port) - 4096 MAC address forwarding table per port; up to 12,288 addresses per system - IEEE 802.3u auto-negotiation for full/half duplex and 10/100 Mbps speed operation on all ports - High performance store-and-forward switching • Performance: - Forwarding: over 3.5 million packets-per-second (64 byte packets) - Filtering: 3.
Front Panel Figure 1-1 shows the front panel of the ELS100-24TX. Table 1-1 defines the ELS100-24TX front panel components. Figure 1-1. ELS100-24TX Front Panel Table 1-1. Front Panel Components Name Ports 1-24 LEDs Function Indicates Link, Activity, Speed and Duplex information (see Table 1-2 for details). 10Base-T/100Base-TX RJ-45 ports (Ports 1-24) LED mode button RJ-45 connectors numerically identified based on the specific product configuration. All ports are wired MDI-X.
Figure 1-2 shows the Link and Activity port LEDs for 24 10Base-T/ 100Base-TX ports (default configuration). Pressing the front panel LED mode button changes the operation of these LEDs to 100M Speed and Full Duplex, as shown in Figure 1-3. The numbers above and below the port LEDs identify the LEDs associated with a specific RJ-45 port. The port LEDs are grouped to the left of their corresponding RJ-45 ports.
Table 1-2. Port LEDs Defined Name Function Default Configuration Link LED On: Indicates a valid connection (link) on the associated port. Link LED Off: Indicates no link on the associated port. Activity LED flashing: Indicates the presence of transmit and/or receive activity. Activity LED Off: Indicates the absence of transmit or receive activity. LED mode button pressed Speed LED On: Indicates the port is in the 100Base-TX mode. Speed LED Off: Indicates the port is in the 10Base-T mode.
Feature Summaries The following summaries provide a brief description of ELS100-24TX features in areas such as standards compliance, functionality, performance, and options. IEEE 802.1D Bridge The ELS100-24TX switch is fully compliant with IEEE 802.1D transparent bridging specifications. An aggregate address table containing 4096 entries per 8 switch ports is provided for learning, filtering, and forwarding. The switch can support up to a maximum of 12,288 addresses.
Software Download The ELS100-24TX switch supports the industry-standard Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) for downloading software to the switch. All switch software is stored in a 2 MB sectored flash ROM. The download feature allows you to easily install software upgrades to the unit. Software can alternatively be downloaded via the serial console port using the XMODEM protocol. A TFTP or XMODEM software download is invoked via the Download Software Menu using the console menus.
RMON RMON (Remote Monitoring) is a facility used to manage networks remotely while providing multi-vendor interoperability between monitoring devices and management stations. RMON is defined by an SNMP MIB. This MIB is divided into nine different groups, each gathering specific statistical information or performing a specific function. RMON-capable devices gather network traffic data and then store them locally until downloaded to an SNMP management station.
ELS100-24TX switch automatically adjusts to the network device’s communication settings. Auto-negotiation is configurable in the Port Configuration Menu of the console menus or via SNMP. Broadcast Throttling The ELS100-24TX has the capability to throttle (or limit) the flooding of packets through the switch. Broadcast, multicast, and unknown destination address unicast packets received by the switch are typically flooded to all ports on the switch or on a given VLAN.
Flow Control Flow control allows you to manage network traffic during congestion periods and to prevent the loss of packets when port buffer thresholds are exceeded. Flow control also serves to deny access to additional traffic that could add to a congestion condition. The ELS100-24TX switch supports flow control per the IEEE 802.3x standard. See Appendix C, “Flow Control,” for more information on this feature.
Client/Server Network Application To improve workstation performance in a client/server environment, the ELS100-24TX switch can be configured to provide 200 Mbps full duplex Fast Ethernet connections to servers by connecting each to a dedicated switch port (Figure 1-5). Users can be accommodated through connections to hubs, both at 10Mbps and 100Mbps speeds, through 10Mbps switches with 100Mbps uplinks, or through direct connections. Figure 1-5.
Local Backbone Application The ELS100-24TX switch can be used in a local backbone application, connecting network segments together and providing file-server access (Figure 1-6). Workgroup hubs are provided with a single connection to the switch while servers are put on dedicated 100 Mbps ports. Routers and other networking devices can connect off of the switched backbone as well. Figure 1-6.
2. INSTALLATION Inspecting Your Shipment When you receive the shipment of your switch, check the package contents and make sure you have the following items: • ELS100-24TX Ethernet switch • Mounting ears and mounting screws • Power cord • This document Site Requirements Before you install the switch, make sure the site meets the following requirements: • Mounting Provide a flat table, wall or shelf surface, or an optional 19 in. (48.3 cm) equipment rack.
Mounting the Switch on a Table or Shelf Mount the switch on a table or shelf in a position which allows access to the front panel RJ-45 ports, visibility of the port LEDs, and access to the power connector. Make sure that the mounting surface can safely support the switch and that there is adequate space around the switch for ventilation and cooling.
Mounting the Switch on a Wall The switch ships with two (2) multi-position mounting ears and four (4) mounting screws. The mounting screws are used to attach the mounting ears to the switch. Once the ears are attached to the switch, you will need to provide appropriate screws to mount the switch to the wall. Figure 2-1 shows the orientation of the mounting ears for attaching the ears to the switch for a wall mount application. Be sure that the wall surface can safely support the switch.
Mounting the Switch in a Rack The switch ships with two (2) multi-position mounting ears and four (4) mounting screws. The mounting screws are used to attach the mounting ears to the switch. Once the ears are attached to the switch, you will need to provide appropriate screws to mount the switch in a rack. Figure 2-2 shows the orientation of the mounting ears for attaching the ears to the switch for a rack mount application. Mount the switch with the front panel facing forward. Do the following: 1.
Connecting a Terminal to the Console Port The console port is a serial RS-232 interface port that enables a connection to a terminal for performing switch monitoring and configuration functions. The terminal may be a PC or workstation running terminal emulation software, or a dumb terminal configured as a Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) connection. Alternatively, this port can be connected to an external modem to enable remote dial-in management.
Powering the Switch To supply power to the switch, do the following: 1. Connect the power cord to the switch and to a grounded three-prong wall outlet (Figure 2-4). See Appendix A, “Power Cord Set Requirements,” for more information regarding specific international power cord requirements. Figure 2-4. Connecting the Power Cord to the Switch 2. Turn on the power switch. The Power LED lights green (see Figure 1-1).
After these two tests are performed, the operational software of the switch is loaded. A series of more extensive diagnostic tests are then conducted during which the Test LED remains lit. The results of the tests are displayed on the terminal. If all tests pass, the Test LED turns off. When all tests are complete, the system is functional and the user interface is ready to receive commands at the console.
Connecting Network Cables Network cable must comply with the following requirements: • Category 3 or 5 Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) for ports running 10Base-T • Category 5 UTP for ports running 100Base-TX • Maximum length for UTP connections: 100m (328 ft.) RJ-45 Connector The 10Base-T/100Base-TX ports use RJ-45 connectors. Figure 2-5 shows an RJ-45 connector being inserted into a port. Figure 2-5.
3. ELS100-24TX USER INTERFACE Overview When you have connected a terminal to the console port, or used Telnet to access the switch over the network, access is gained to the console menus. These menus allow you to reconfigure the switch from its factory default settings, as well as to monitor switch status and performance. The menus have a layout similar to the sample Main Menu shown in Figure 3-1.
User Access There are two modes of access to the user interface: READ-ONLY and READ/WRITE. READ-ONLY access allows you to view switch information, but not modify any operating parameters. READ/WRITE access allows you to both read and modify switch information. You are required to login with a password before obtaining READ/WRITE access. If no password is entered (press only the [Enter] key), you are logged in with READ-ONLY access.
Factory Defaults Table 3-1 lists the factory default settings for the switch configuration parameters. Each of these parameters can be changed via the console menus or Telnet. Table 3-1.
Menu Hierarchy Figure 3-2 shows the ELS100-24TX switch user interface menu hierarchy.
Main Menu The Main Menu is the first screen seen after successfully logging in to the system. Figure 3-3 shows the Main Menu and the accompanying table describes the Main Menu. MAIN MENU Access Control: READ/WRITE a. System Configuration Menu b Switch Configuration Menu c. Port Menu d. Switch Statistics Screen e. General Information Screen f. Download Software Menu g. Save Current Configuration h. Return to Default Configuration i. Logout j. Reset x. Previous Menu Enter Selection: Figure 3-3.
System Configuration Menu The System Configuration Menu enables modification of system-level switch configuration parameters. Select a from the Main Menu to view the System Configuration Menu. Figure 3-4 shows the System Configuration Menu and the accompanying table describes the System Configuration Menu. SYSTEM CONFIGURATION a. SNMP Configuration Menu b System Name c. System Location d. System Contact e. IP Address f. Subnet Mask g. Default Gateway h. BootP/DHCP Enable i. Screen Timeout (minutes) j.
SNMP Configuration Menu The SNMP Configuration Menu allows you to modify SNMP-related configuration parameters. Select a from the System Configuration Menu to view the SNMP Configuration Menu. Figure 3-5 shows the SNMP Configuration Menu and accompanying table describes the SNMP Configuration Menu. SNMP CONFIGURATION a. SNMP Private Community Name b. SNMP Public Community Name c. Trap Destination #1 d. Community Name #1 e. Trap Destination #2 f. Community Name #2 g. Trap Destination #3 h.
Switch Configuration Menu The Switch Configuration Menu allows you to modify switching-related configuration parameters. Select b from the Main Menu to view the Switch Configuration Menu. Figure 3-6 shows the Switch Configuration Menu and the accompanying table describes the Switch Configuration Menu. SWITCH CONFIGURATION Access Control: READ/WRITE a. Forwarding Table Configuration Menu b. Spanning Tree Configuration Menu c. VLAN Configuration Menu d. Class of Service Configuration Menu e.
Forwarding Table Configuration Menu The Forwarding Table Configuration Menu allows you to view and modify forwarding table parameters. The MAC address of each forwarding table entry is displayed along with its type, disposition, and associated port number. Select a from the Switch Configuration Menu to view the Forwarding Table Configuration Menu. Figure 3-7 shows the Forwarding Table Configuration Menu and the accompanying table describes the Forwarding Table Configuration Menu.
Forwarding Table Configuration Menu (continued) Selection Description Next Page Displays the next page of the forwarding table. Previous Page Displays the previous page of the forwarding table. First Page Displays the first page (top) of the forwarding table. Last Page Displays the last page of the forwarding table. Display Table Redisplays the forwarding table. Make Entry Static Makes a dynamic entry in the forwarding table static.
Spanning Tree Configuration Menu The Spanning Tree Configuration Menu allows you to view and modify Spanning Tree parameters. Select b from the Switch Configuration Menu to view the Spanning Tree Configuration Menu. A letter identifies selections that can be modified. All other fields are read-only. Figure 3-8 shows the Spanning Tree Configuration Menu and the accompanying table describes the Spanning Tree Configuration Menu.
Spanning Tree Configuration Menu (continued) Selection Description Spanning Tree Protocol Enable Allows you to enable (Yes) or disable (No) the global Spanning Tree operation on the switch. Port Configuration Menu Provides access to the Spanning Tree Port Configuration Menu. Hello Time (seconds) The time interval between the sending of Configuration BPDUs by the bridge, if it is root (1-10 second range).
Spanning Tree Port Configuration Menu The Spanning Tree Port Configuration Menu allows you to view Spanning Tree Configuration information for all of the ports in a table format. Select b from the Spanning Tree Configuration Menu to view the Spanning Tree Port Configuration Menu. Figure 3-9 shows the Spanning Tree Port Configuration Menu and the accompanying table describes the Spanning Tree Port Configuration Menu.
Spanning Tree Port #n Configuration Menu The Spanning Tree Port #n Configuration Menu allows you to view Spanning Tree Port Configuration information for an individual port. Select a from the Spanning Tree Port Configuration Menu to view the Spanning Tree Port #n Configuration Menu. Figure 3-10 shows the Spanning Tree Port #n Configuration Menu and the accompanying table describes the Spanning Tree Port #n Configuration Menu. The “Port #n” designation represents the specific port number for configuration.
VLAN Configuration Menu The VLAN Configuration Menu allows you to configure the operation of virtual LANs (VLANs) in the switch. Select c from the Switch Configuration Menu to view the VLAN Configuration Menu. Figure 3-11 shows the VLAN Configuration Menu and the accompanying table describes the VLAN Configuration Menu. See Appendix D, “Virtual LANs (VLANs)” for more information about this feature. VLAN CONFIGURATION a. VLAN Enable b. VLAN Menu c. VLAN Port Menu Access Control: READ/WRITE No x.
VLAN Menu The VLAN Menu displays the configuration of VLANs in the switch and allows access to the VLAN #n Configuration Menu to create and configure VLANs. Select b from the VLAN Configuration Menu to view the VLAN Menu. Figure 3-12 shows the VLAN Menu and the accompanying table describes the VLAN Menu.
VLAN #n Configuration Menu The VLAN #n Configuration Menu allows you to configure a name for a specific VLAN, add or remove a port in the VLAN, and add or remove an egress port in the VLAN. Select c from the VLAN Menu to view the VLAN #n Configuration Menu. Figure 3-13 shows the VLAN #n Configuration Menu and the accompanying table describes the VLAN #n Configuration Menu. The designation “#n” represents the number of the specific VLAN to be configured.
VLAN Port Menu The VLAN Port Menu displays a table of VLAN configuration information on a per port basis and allows you to modify the VLAN Port Type. Select c from the VLAN Configuration Menu to view the VLAN Port Menu. Figure 3-14 shows the VLAN Port Menu and the accompanying table describes the VLAN Port Menu.
Class of Service Configuration Menu The Class of Service Configuration Menu allows you to configure Class of Service settings for the system as well as to set the Class of Service for VLAN tagged frames. Select d from the Switch Configuration Menu to view the Class of Service Configuration Menu. Figure 3-15 shows the Class of Service Configuration Menu and the accompanying table describes the Class of Service Configuration Menu. CLASS OF SERVICE CONFIGURATION a. Class of Service Enable b.
Port Priority Menu The Port Priority Menu allows you to modify and display a table which shows priority queuing configuration information on a per port basis. Select c from the Class of Service Configuration Menu to view the Port Priority Configuration Menu. Figure 3-16 shows the Port Priority Configuration Menu and the accompanying table describes the Port Priority Configuration Menu.
Port Menu The Port Menu allows you to display information for each port in a table format, as well as to access the Port Configuration Menu. You can also refresh the screen information. Select c from the Main Menu to view the Port Menu. Figure 3-17 shows the Port Menu and the accompanying table describes the Port Menu.
Port Configuration Menu The Port Configuration Menu allows you to configure port settings for a specific port. Select c from the Port Menu to view the Port Configuration Menu. Figure 3-18 shows the Port Configuration Menu and the accompanying table describes the Port Configuration Menu. PORTS 1-5 CONFIGURATION a b. c. d. e. f. Port Name Port Enable Flow Control Enable Auto-negotiation Enable Full Duplex Port Speed Access Control: READ/WRITE Yes No Yes Yes 100 x.
Switch Statistics Screen The Switch Statistics Screen provides a summary display of port-level statistics, and provides access to the Port Statistics screens. You can also clear or refresh the statistics. Select d from the Main Menu to view the Switch Statistics Screen. Figure 3-19 shows the Switch Statistics Screen and the accompanying table describes the Switch Statistics Screen.
Switch Summary Screen The Switch Summary Screen allows you to display sum total statistics for all ports of the switch. You can also clear or refresh the statistics. Select s from the Switch Statistics Screen to view the Switch Summary screen. Figure 3-20 shows the Switch Summary Screen and the accompanying table describes the Switch Summary Screen. SWITCH SUMMARY Access Control: READ/WRITE Frames Transmitted Frames Received Frames Forwarded Frames Filtered Frames Dropped Frames Errored r. Refresh c.
Port Statistics Screen The Port Statistics Screen allows you to display statistics for each port on the switch. Many of these statistics correspond to the Statistics group of RMON. You can also refresh or clear the statistics. Select s from the Switch Statistics Screen to view the Port Statistics screen. Figure 3-21 shows the Port Statistics Screen and the accompanying table describes the Port Statistics Screen.
Figure 3-21 Port Statistics Screen (continued) Field Description Multicasts Transmitted Total number of multicast frames transmitted on the port. Multicasts Received Total number of multicast frames received on the port. Bytes Transmitted Total number of bytes transmitted on the port. Bytes Received Total number of bytes received on the port. Pause Frames Transmitted Total number of flow control pause frames transmitted on the port.
General Information Screen The General Information Screen allows you to view general system information. Select e from the Main Menu to view the General Information Screen. Figure 3-22 shows the General Information Screen and the accompanying table describes the General Information Screen. GENERAL INFORMATION Access Control: READ/WRITE Software Version Serial Number Base MAC Address Up Time(minutes) Power Up Count 1.00 100 00c0ba000000 12 1 x. Previous Menu Enter Selection: Figure 3-22.
Download Software Menu The Download Software Menu allows you to set up and initiate a software download. Select f from the Main Menu to view the Download Software Menu. Figure 3-23 shows the Download Software Menu and the accompanying table describes the Download Software Menu. DOWNLOAD SOFTWARE a. TFTP Server IP Address b. TFTP File Name c. Start TFTP Download d. Start XMODEM Download Access Control: READ/WRITE 1.2.3.4 x. Previous Menu Enter Selection: Figure 3-23.
Save Current Configuration The Save Current Configuration screen ensures that all changes made to the ELS100-24TX switch via the console menus will be stored in the event of power outages or power cycles. To save your current configuration, do the following: 1. Select g from the Main Menu to view the Save Current Configuration screen. The following message prompt displays: The current settings will become permanent. All the saved settings will be lost! a. OK x. Cancel and return to the Previous Menu 2.
Reset The Reset screen allows you to restore the latest saved configuration or system defaults if the system configuration has not been saved. To reset the switch, do the following: 1. Select j from the Main Menu to view the Reset screen. The following message prompt displays: Switch will go through a hardware reset. All the current changes that have not been saved will be lost! a. Save changes and Reset b. Don’t save changes and Reset x. Cancel and return to the Previous Menu 2.
4. CONFIGURING & MONITORING THE SWITCH Common Tasks The switch console menus allow you to modify default switch settings and configure the switch for network management. They also allow you to monitor switch performance and status. See Section 3, “ELS100-24TX User Interface,” for an overview of the menu hierarchy and a description of all menus. The following sections describe common tasks in setting up and operating the ELS100-24TX switch.
Setting Password Protection The ELS100-24TX switch is factory-configured with access rights to the console menus set to READ/WRITE. This setting allows anyone to use the console menus to modify any operational parameter. To protect the configuration of the switch from unauthorized modification, you should enable password protection to the console menus. To enter a password, do the following: 1. Select Password from the System Configuration Menu and press [Enter]. 2.
Checking Network Configuration Status To check connection status for the network, do the following: 1. Select Port Menu from the Main Menu. If a network cable is properly connected to a port, the Link Status for the port reads CONNECTED. If no cable is connected to the port, or if the cable or port is faulty, the Link Status for the port reads DISCONNECTED. 2. If you see a DISCONNECTED status for a connected port, plug the cable into another port on the switch or try another cable.
5. Select one or more Trap Destination entries from the menu and enter the appropriate IP addresses. 6. For each trap destination entered, a corresponding community name should be entered. Viewing Switch Statistics To view switch statistics, do the following: 1. Select Switch Statistics Screen from the Main Menu. The screen lists the main statistical counts for all ports on the switch simultaneously. 2. Select Switch Summary from the Switch Statistics Screen.
Downloading a Software Upgrade You can upgrade the operational software in the ELS100-24TX switch without physically opening the switch or being in the same location. The software storage sector in the flash memory of the switch is reprogrammable, allowing you to easily download software feature enhancements and problem fixes to the switch from a local or remote location. Software can be downloaded to the switch in two ways: • Via the serial port.
Downloading Via TFTP To perform a TFTP download, you must first configure the ELS100-24TX switch. This consists of programming the switch with an IP address, if this has not already been done, and entering the IP address of the TFTP server and the name of the upgrade file. To program the switch IP address, go to the System Configuration Menu which is accessible from the Main Menu screen. To download switch software via TFTP, do the following: 1.
If the cosen path fails for any reason, a disabled alternative is activated, thereby maintaining the connection. See Appendix B, “Spanning Tree Concepts,” for further information on using the Spanning Tree Protocol in a network. Configuring Spanning Tree parameters from their default can cause serious deterioration of network performance. To configure Spanning Tree Parameters, do the following: 1. Select Switch Configuration Menu from the Main Menu. 2. Select Spanning Tree Configuration Menu. 3.
7. From the main VLAN Configuration Menu, select VLAN Port Menu to configure the VLAN port mode (hybrid or access) for individual ports. Configuring Class of Service You can configure Class of Service parameters using the Class of Service Configuration Menu. This menu permits you to configure priority levels to traffic being forwarded through the switch.
5. Select Flow Control Enable to toggle between enabling (Yes) or disabling (No) flow control on the port(s). 6. Select Auto-negotiation Enable to toggle between enabling (Yes) or disabling (No) auto-negotiation on the port. If Auto-negotiation Enable is set to No, the Full Duplex and Port Speed modes need to be configured. If Auto-negotiation Enable is set to Yes, the Full Duplex and Port Speed fields disappear and the system automatically configures these functions. 7.
To either make an existing dynamic entry static (Make Entry Static) or delete a static entry (Delete Static Entry), do the following: 1. Select the letter associated with the option. The following message prompt displays: Enter MAC Address: 2. Enter the MAC address. Press [Enter]. To either add a static entry (Add Static Entry) or modify a static entry (Modify Static Entry), do the following: 1. Select the letter associated with the option. The following message prompt displays: Enter MAC Address: 2.
Setting a Default Gateway The Default Gateway parameter defines the IP address of a router or other network device to which IP packets are to be sent if destined for a subnet outside of that which the switch is operating. To set a default gateway, do the following: 1. Select System Configuration Menu from the Main Menu. 2. Select Default Gateway. 3. Enter the gateway IP address. Press [Enter].
5. SNMP MANAGEMENT The SNMP Protocol SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is a communication protocol designed specifically for the purpose of managing devices or other elements on a network. Network equipment commonly managed with SNMP includes hubs, switches, routers, and host computers. SNMP is typically used to configure these types of devices for proper operation in their network environment, as well as to monitor them to evaluate their performance and detect potential problems.
There are three main operations defined in SNMP: • Operations that read information from the managed device, such as those used to obtain status or statistical data, are called GET operations. • Operations that change a functional parameter on the device, such as those used to configure Spanning Tree or to initiate a software download, are referred to as SET operations. GET and SET operations are initiated only by the manager software, and result in a response by the agent.
This MIB reports information about the protocols and network interfaces supported on the agent itself, as well as other general information. The MIB is divided into a number of groups, each of which corresponds to a specific protocol or set of information. Some groups are defined in other RFC documents.
Cabletron Proprietary MIB Extensions Areas of ELS100-24TX switch functionality not covered by the standard RFC MIBs are specified in the Cabletron private MIB. This MIB definition is specified separately from MIB-II. Areas covered in this MIB include various system, switch, and port level information. System information MIB variables are shown in Table 5-1, switch information variables in Table 5-2, and port variables in Table 5-3. Table 5-1.
Table 5-2. Switch Information Variables Variable Description SwitchIpAddress IP address of the switch, used for management. SwitchSubnetMask Subnet mask corresponding to the SwitchIPAddress. ActiveAgingTime Aging tick period in seconds by which addresses in the forwarding table are aged out. SwitchStpStatus Enable/disable operation of Spanning Tree on the switch. SwitchManager List of SNMP trap manager IP addresses. SwitchTrapRcvr1 SNMP trap manager IP address #1.
Table 5-2 Switch Information Variables (continued) Variable Description SwitchMirroredPort Port to be mirrored from. SwitchMirroringPort Port to be mirroring to. SwitchXmitMirrorEnable Enable/disable mirroring of transmitted traffic. SwitchRcvMirrorEnable Enable/disable mirroring of received traffic. SwitchVlanEnable Enable/disable global VLAN operation of the switch. SwitchVlanConfigTable Table indexed by SwitchVlanId SwitchVlanId VLAN number or ID.
Table 5-3. Port Variables Variable Description PortId Port number or ID. PortStatus Link status of the port. PortDuplexStatus Full/half duplex setting of the port. Not configurable if auto-negotiation is enabled. PortName Text name assigned to the port. PortEnable Enable/disable status of the port. PortSpeed Speed the port is operating at. Not configurable if auto-negotiation is enabled. PortAutonegEnable Enable/disable auto-negotiation on the port.
APPENDIX A. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS General Standards Compliance IEEE 802.1D Transparent Bridging Specifications (ISO/IEC 10038) IEEE 802.1p Traffic Class Expediting and Dynamic Multicast Filtering IEEE 802.1Q Virtual Bridged Local Area Networks IEEE 802.2 Local Area Networks, Logical Link Control (LLC) IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD 9 (ISO/IEC 8802-3) IEEE 802.3i 10Base-T (ISO/IEC 8802-3, clause 14) IEEE 802.3u 100Base-TX (ISO/IEC 8802-3, clause 25) IEEE 802.
Electrical Specifications Input voltage: 100-240 VAC Input frequency: 50-60 Hz Maximum power consumption: 75 VA Physical Height: 1.75 in. (4.4 cm) Length: 16.0 in. (40.6 cm) Width: 17.1 in. (43.4 cm mountable in a standard 19 in. rack) Weight: 10.5 lb. (4.
Port Specifications Console Port Table A-1 shows the console port pin assignments. Table A-1. RS-232 Console Port Pin Assignments Pin Signal Name 1 RTS/CTS 2 TXD 3 RXD 4 DSR 5 Ground 6 DTR 7 DCD 8 DCD 9 Not used 10Base-T and 100Base-TX Ports The ELS100-24TX switch provides IEEE 802.3u auto-negotiation on its 10Base-T/100Base-TX ports for 10/100 speed and full/half duplex operation. Table A-2 shows the 10Base-T/100Base-TX pinouts. These ports are wired MDI-X.
MDI/MDI-X Crossover Cable Wiring Figure A-1 shows the wiring scheme for implementing a crossover cable if needed for connection to the switch’s 10Base-T or 100Base-TX ports. Such a cable may be required when connecting the switch to another switch or a hub device. Figure A-1.
Power Cord Set Requirements The wide-range input feature of the ELS100-24TX Ethernet switch permits it to operate from any line voltage between 100 and 120 or 200 and 240 VAC. The power cord set (appliance coupler, flexible cord, and wall plug) you received with the switch meets the requirements for use in the country where you purchased the switch. Power cord sets for use in other countries must meet the requirements of the country where you use the switch.
Table A-1. Power Cord Set Requirements by Country Country Accredited Agency See Notes * Australia EANSW 1 Austria OVE 1 Belgium CEBC 1 Canada CSA 2 Denmark DEMKO 1 Finland FIMKO 1 France UTE 1 Germany VDE 1 Italy IMQ 1 Japan JIS 3 Netherlands KEMA 1 Norway NEMKO 1 Sweden SEMKO 1 Switzerland SEV 1 United Kingdom BSI 1 United States UL 2 The note column includes a number.
APPENDIX B. SPANNING TREE CONCEPTS General The IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol resolves the problems of physical loops in a network by establishing one primary path between any two switches in a network. Any duplicate paths are barred from use and become standby or blocked paths until the original path fails, at which point they can be brought into service.
Spanning Tree Protocol in a Network Figure B-1 illustrates the use of three ELS100-24TX switches to establish an effective Spanning Tree configuration. Switches A, B and C are connected together in a redundant topology (more than one path between two points). If the connection between A and B goes down, the link between A and C becomes active, thereby establishing a path between A and B through switch C.
Table B-1. Spanning Tree Protocol Defaults Parameter Description Default Value Bridge Group Address Unique MAC group address, recognized by all bridges in the network. Bridge Identifier Identifier for each bridge. This parameter consists of two parts: a 16-bit bridge priority and a 48-bit network adapter address. Ports are numbered in absolute numbers starting from 1 regardless of their bridge attachment. The network adapter address is the same address as the first port of the bridge.
Communicating Between Bridges Periodically, all devices running the Spanning Tree Protocol on a network transmit packets to each other “in care of” the Bridge Group Address which all bridges share. When a bridge receives a frame sent to the Bridge Group Address, the bridge’s Spanning Tree Protocol processes the packet. Application software and other LAN segments ignore the packet. Bridges communicate between each other in order to determine the Root Bridge.
APPENDIX C. FLOW CONTROL Flow control is a mechanism which allows you to protect the switch from overload conditions and to keep additional traffic off the network when excessive congestion will result. Figure C-1 illustrates flow control for both half and full duplex applications. Figure C-1. Flow Control for Full and Half Duplex Applications Each port of the switch has a transmit queue which buffers frames to be sent out on that port.
The pause frame flow control mechanism supported by the ELS100-24TX switch conforms with the IEEE 802.3x specification for full duplex flow control. The ELS100-24TX Port Statistics Screen indicates the number of pause frames that have been sent, indicating the number of times full duplex flow control has occurred. For the full duplex pause frame mechanism to work, the device connected to the switch port must also support IEEE 802.3x flow control.
APPENDIX D. VIRTUAL LANS (VLANS) VLANs and Frame Tagging The ELS100-24TX supports IEEE 802.1Q-compliant virtual LANs (VLANs). This capability provides a highly efficient architecture for establishing VLANs within a network and for controlling broadcast/ multicast traffic between workgroups. Central to this capability is an explicit frame tagging approach for carrying VLAN information between interconnected network devices.
If the ELS100-24TX is so configured, and, if the frame does not already contain a tag, a VLAN identifier is placed in a tag which is appended to frames as they are received by the switch. Within the switch and between switches compliant with IEEE 802.1Q, these identifiers are used to control the destination of broadcast frames, preventing them from being flooded to all connected stations and interfaces.
VLAN Egress Ports The VLAN Egress Ports parameter is used to assign ports to a VLAN for carrying VLAN tagged frames across a network. The assignment of egress ports does not affect the assignment of VLAN IDs to frames entering the switch. However, frames exiting the switch may be sent out the egress ports configured for a specific VLAN ID. Frames exiting the switch via egress ports for a given VLAN are normally tagged.
VLAN Hybrid Ports A VLAN Hybrid port is used to connect one or more VLAN-aware or VLAN-unaware devices to the switch. Both tagged and untagged frames can be received and transmitted on Hybrid ports. Egress ports should typically be configured as Hybrid ports. When a frame with an unlearned source MAC address enters a Hybrid port, the learning of that address and its associated VLAN is dependent on whether the frame is tagged or not.
In Example 3 in Figure D-3B, an untagged frame arrives at the left port (1). The switch tags the frame with the PVID for VLAN X (2). Since the destination MAC address has already been learned as a tagged station on VLAN X on the outgoing port, the frame is sent out with a VLAN X tag. Example 4 in Figure D-3B is similar to Example 3 except that both ports (incoming and outgoing) have a VLAN X PVID. The untagged frame arrives at the incoming port (1) and gets tagged with a VLAN X tag (2).
VLAN Application Example A network administrator can use VLANs to define user groups regardless of the physical LAN segment to which they are connected. The use of Hybrid and Access links can further refine traffic flow in a multi-switch environment. Figure D-4 shows the combination of both Hybrid and Access links used in a network with three different VLANs. Workstations are typically connected to the ELS100-24TX via Access links.
APPENDIX E. CLASS OF SERVICE Class of Service support on the ELS100-24TX allows you to assign mission-critical data a higher priority through the switch by delaying less critical traffic during periods of congestion. Higher priority traffic through the switch is serviced first before lower priority traffic. The Class of Service capability of the ELS100-24TX switch is implemented by a priority queuing mechanism. Class of Service is based on the IEEE 802.
Figure E-1 shows priority queuing operating within a switch. Frames entering the switch through ports 1 and 4 are tagged as normal traffic and placed in a normal priority queue on the outbound port. Frames entering through ports 2 and 5 are tagged as high priority traffic and placed in a high priority queue on the outbound port. Priority queuing can be configured using the Class of Service Configuration Menu in the console interface or via SNMP. Figure E-1.
APPENDIX F.
Term Definition RXD Receive Data SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol STP Spanning Tree Protocol TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol TXD Transmit Data UTP Unshielded Twisted Pair VLAN Virtual Local Area Network WAN Wide Area Network 92 Acronyms & Abbreviations ELS100-24TX
INDEX 10Base-T/100Base-TX pinouts, 73 10Base-TX/100Base-TX ports, 20 802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol, 56, 77 802.1D Bridge, 6 802.1p, 89 802.1Q, 84 802.
L LED mode button, 3, 4, 5 defined, 3 LEDs, 4, 5, 9 local backbone application, 12 login, 22 logout, 25, 49 M MAC addresses, 59 Main Menu, 21, 25 max age, 32 MDI/MDI-X crossover cable wiring, 74, 75 MDI-X, 20 Memory, 72 menu hierarchy, 24 MIB, 63, 64, 65, 66, 69 MIB-II, 64 Microprocessor, 72 mirrored port, 28 mirroring port, 28 modes of access read-only and read/write, 22 mounting ears, 15, 16 Mounting the Switch, 14, 15, 16 rack, 16 table or shelf, 14 wall, 15 N network configuration status, 53 non-volat
Switch Summary Screen, 44 System Configuration Menu, 25, 26 T Telnet, 21 connecting, 53 terminal, 7, 17, 91 Test LED, 19 defined, 3 TFTP download, 56 TFTP file name, 48 U Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP), 20 Up Time, 47 User Access, 22 9032579-03 V ventilation, 13 VLAN #n Configuration Menu, 37 VLAN Access ports, 38, 85 VLAN application example, 88 VLAN Configuration Menu, 35 VLAN Egress ports, 36, 37, 85 VLAN Hybrid ports, 38, 86, 87 VLAN Menu, 36 VLAN Port Menu, 38 VLANs, 10 802.
