SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-24TXM ETHERNET SWITCH INSTALLATION AND USER GUIDE
Only qualified personnel should perform installation procedures. NOTICE Cabletron Systems reserves the right to make changes in specifications and other information contained in this document without prior notice. The reader should in all cases consult Cabletron Systems to determine whether any such changes have been made. The hardware, firmware, or software described in this manual is subject to change without notice.
DOC NOTICE This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class A limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus set out in the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications. Le présent appareil numérique n’émet pas de bruits radioélectriques dépassant les limites applicables aux appareils numériques de la class A prescrites dans le Règlement sur le brouillage radioélectrique édicté par le ministère des Communications du Canada.
EXCLUSION OF WARRANTY AND DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY 1. EXCLUSION OF WARRANTY. Except as may be specifically provided by Cabletron in writing, Cabletron makes no warranty, expressed or implied, concerning the Program (including its documentation and media).
DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY Application of Council Directive(s): 89/336/EEC 73/23/EEC Manufacturer’s Name: Cabletron Systems, Inc. Manufacturer’s Address: 35 Industrial Way PO Box 5005 Rochester, NH 03867 European Representative Name: Mr. J.
TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Preface i Purpose. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i Audience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i Message Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Network Cable Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Copper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Fiber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 10Base-T/100Base-TX Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 100Base-FX Fiber Ports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Fiber Uplink Modules . . .
Downloading a Software Upgrade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Downloading Via the Serial Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Downloading Via TFTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Configuring Spanning Tree Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Configuring VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Configuring Class of Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Handling Duplicate Paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Remapping Network Topology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 APPENDIX C. FLOW CONTROL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 APPENDIX D. VIRTUAL LANS (VLANS). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VLANs and Frame Tagging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ELS100-24TXM VLAN Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PREFACE Purpose This guide provides information about the features and applications of the Cabletron Systems ELS100-24TXM switch as well as instructions for configuring and monitoring the switch.
Keyboard Entries This guide uses the following conventions for keyboard entries: • When you read “enter,” type the text and press the [Enter] key. • Example: Enter the Gateway IP address and press the [Enter] key. • When you read “select,” type the letter associated with the parameter. Example: Select a from the System Configuration Menu to view the SNMP Configuration Menu.
Appendix A. Technical Specifications: Provides a list of standards compliance and certifications as well as physical and operational specifications. Appendix B. Spanning Tree Concepts: Describes the operation of the Spanning Tree Protocol and how it is used to resolve the problems of physical loops in a network. Appendix C. Flow Control: Describes how the flow control features are used to provide a mechanism for protecting the switch from overload conditions and to keep additional traffic off the network.
1. PRODUCT OVERVIEW Description This installation and user guide describes the Cabletron Systems ELS100-24TXM Ethernet switch. The switch is IEEE 802.1D-compliant and supports 24 IEEE 802.3u 100Base-TX Fast Ethernet ports. Each port can alternatively operate as an IEEE 802.3i 10Base-T port. In addition, two of the switch’s ports support Fast Ethernet over fiber (IEEE 802.3u 100Base-FX) when a modular daughtercard is installed.
Features • Ports: - 24 dual-speed 10Base-T/100Base-TX ports using RJ-45 connectors (MDI-X); 22 ports active when using modular slot for 100Base-FX connections - 1 modular slot for 2 100Base-FX ports using SC connectors • Architecture: - 8-port 10/100 switch ASIC in a distributed switching architecture - 4.2 Gbps internal switching fabric - 12 MB packet buffering (512 KB/port) - 4096 MAC address forwarding table per port; up to 12,288 addresses per system - IEEE 802.
Front Panel Figure 1-1 shows the front panel of the ELS100-24TXM. Table 1-1 defines the ELS100-24TXM front panel components. Figure 1-1. ELS100-24TXM Front Panel Table 1-1. Front Panel Components Name Function 100Base-FX Fiber ports (Ports 1 and 2)* Fiber ports using SC fiber connectors for fiber uplink modules (see Table 2-3 for a list of available uplink modules). Fiber Ports 1 and 2 LEDs* Indicates Link and Activity information (see Table 1-2 for details).
Figure 1-2 shows the Link and Activity LEDs for the 2 100Base-FX ports (fiber port LED functions are defined in Table 1-2). The LEDs are positioned to the left of their associated port. Link LEDs Activity LEDs Figure 1-2. 100Base-FX Port LEDs Figure 1-3 shows the Link and Activity port LEDs for 24 10Base-T/ 100Base-TX ports (default configuration). When the fiber module is installed, ports 1 and 2 RJ-45 LEDs become disabled.
The port LEDs are grouped to the left of their corresponding RJ-45 ports. Table 1-2 defines the performance of the port LEDs for the 10Base-T/ 100Base-TX ports in both the default configuration and with the LED mode button pressed. Table 1-2. Port LEDs Defined Name Function Fiber Ports Link LED On: Indicates a valid connection (link) on the associated port. Link LED Off: Indicates no link on the associated port. Activity LED flashing: Indicates the presence of transmit and/or receive activity.
Rear Panel Figure 1-5 shows the ELS100-24TXM rear panel and Table 1-3 defines the rear panel components. Figure 1-5. ELS100-24TXM Rear Panel Table 1-3. Rear Panel Components Name Function Power Connector Provides AC power to the switch. Power Switch Allows you to turn the switch power on and off. Fan Outlets Air exit vents through which internal fans discharge air for ventilation purposes.
Spanning Tree Protocol The ELS100-24TXM switch supports the IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol. This protocol allows redundant connections to be created between different LAN segments for purposes of fault tolerance. Two or more physical paths between different segments can be created through the switch, with the Spanning Tree Protocol choosing a single path at any given time and disabling all others.
Configuration and Management Interfaces The ELS100-24TXM switch can be managed using any of the following three methods: • Serial console, out-of-band An RS-232 connection, using a DB-9 connector, is supported for outof-band switch management. Serial console management is performed using a terminal, or computer system running communications software. See Chapter 3, “ELS100-24TXM User Interface,” for more detailed information on managing the ELS100-24TXM switch via the serial console.
• Event: a function that operates with the Alarm group to define an action that will be taken when an alarm condition occurs. The event may write a log entry and/or send a trap message. RMON Statistics group information is displayed on the Port Statistics Screen in the console menus. Additional RMON functionality is available via SNMP.
BootP/DHCP The Bootstrap Protocol (BootP) and the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) provide for the capability of passing configuration information to hosts on a TCP/IP network. Using this process, network devices do not need to be configured before they can communicate using the TCP/IP protocol suite. The ELS100-24TXM switch uses BootP and DHCP to automatically configure IP address information without requiring access to the console menus.
Class of Service Class of Service support allows you to assign a higher priority to selected traffic passing through the switch. The ELS100-24TXM switch supports Class of Service attributes per the IEEE 802.1p draft standard using a priority queuing mechanism. This feature ensures that traffic during congestion periods will not interfere with traffic assigned a higher priority. Traffic assigned a lower priority is subject to discard when memory is in short supply.
Client/Server Network Application To improve workstation performance in a client/server environment, the ELS100-24TXM switch can be configured to provide 200 Mbps full duplex Fast Ethernet connections to servers by connecting each to a dedicated switch port (Figure 1-6). Users can be accommodated through connections to hubs, both at 10Mbps and 100Mbps speeds, through 10Mbps switches with 100Mbps uplinks, or through direct connections.
Local Backbone Application The ELS100-24TXM switch can be used in a local backbone application, connecting network segments together and providing file-server access (Figure 1-6). Workgroup hubs are provided with a single connection to the switch while servers are put on dedicated 100 Mbps ports. Routers and other networking devices can connect off of the switched backbone as well.
2. INSTALLATION Inspecting Your Shipment When you receive the shipment of your switch, check the package contents and make sure you have the following items: • ELS100-24TXM Fast Ethernet switch • Fiber port protective plugs inserted into switch • Mounting ears and mounting screws • Power cord • This document Site Requirements Before you install the switch, make sure the site meets the following requirements: • Mounting Provide a flat table, wall or shelf surface, or an optional 19 in. (48.
Mounting the Switch on a Table or Shelf Mount the switch on a table or shelf in a position which allows access to the front panel RJ-45 ports, visibility of the port LEDs, and access to the power cord. Make sure that the mounting surface can safely support the switch and that there is adequate space around the switch for ventilation and cooling.
Mounting the Switch on a Wall The switch ships with two (2) multi-position mounting ears and four (4) mounting screws. The mounting screws are used to attach the mounting ears to the switch. Once the ears are attached to the switch, you will need to provide appropriate screws to mount the switch to the wall. Figure 2-1 shows the orientation of the mounting ears for attaching the ears to the switch for a wall mount application. Be sure that the wall surface can safely support the switch.
Mounting the Switch in a Rack The switch ships with two (2) multi-position mounting ears and four (4) mounting screws. The mounting screws are used to attach the mounting ears to the switch. Once the ears are attached to the switch, you will need to provide appropriate screws to mount the switch in a rack. Figure 2-2 shows the orientation of the mounting ears for attaching the ears to the switch for a rack mount application. Mount the switch with the front panel facing forward. Do the following: 1.
Installing a Fiber Uplink Module into the Switch The fiber uplink module option permits you to enable 100Base-FX fiber connections to the switch. A 2 port fiber module can be installed into the modular slot on the left side of the switch (Figure 2-3). To install the fiber module into the switch, do the following: 1. Turn off power to the switch. 2. Remove the blank metal plate from the left side of the switch by unscrewing the two mounting screws. 3.
Connecting a Terminal to the Console Port The console port is a serial RS-232 interface port that enables a connection to a terminal for performing switch monitoring and configuration functions. The terminal may be a PC or workstation running terminal emulation software, or a dumb terminal configured as a Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) connection. Alternatively, this port can be connected to an external modem to enable remote dial-in management.
5. Configure the terminal to the following communication settings: 9600 baud, no parity, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no hardware flow control, ASCII character set. Powering the Switch To supply power to the switch, do the following: 1. Connect the power cord to the switch and to a grounded three-prong wall outlet (Figure 2-5). See Appendix A, “Power Cord Set Requirements,” for more information regarding specific international power cord requirements. Figure 2-5. Connecting the Power Cord to the Switch 2.
• Memory Memory tests on the CPU RAM are performed after the serial port test. No results are displayed on the console. After these two tests are performed, the operational software of the switch is loaded. A series of more extensive diagnostic tests are then conducted during which the Test LED remains lit. The results of the tests are displayed on the terminal. If all tests pass, the Test LED turns off.
10Base-T/100Base-TX Ports The 10Base-T/100Base-TX ports use RJ-45 connectors. Figure 2-6 shows an RJ-45 connector being inserted into a port. Figure 2-6. Inserting an RJ-45 Connector into a Port The 10Base-T/100Base-TX ports interface to UTP cabling for connection to 10Base-T or 100Base-TX network segments or end-stations. These UTP connections meet the requirements of ISO 8877, specified by 10Base-T, Section 14 of the IEEE 802.3 specification. The ports are wired with the MDI-X function implemented.
100Base-FX Fiber Ports The 100Base-FX Fiber ports use SC connectors. Figure 2-7 shows an SC fiber connector being inserted into a fiber port on the ELS100-24TXM. Figure 2-7. Inserting an SC Fiber Connector into a Fiber Port Depending on the fiber uplink module employed (see Table 2-3), these ports support either multi-mode 62.5/125µm fiber or single-mode 9/ 125µm fiber. The 100Base-FX ports use SC fiber connectors.
3. ELS100-24TXM USER INTERFACE Overview When you have connected a terminal to the console port, or used Telnet to access the switch over the network, access is gained to the console menus. These menus allow you to reconfigure the switch from its factory default settings, as well as to monitor switch status and performance. The menus have a layout similar to the sample Main Menu shown in Figure 31.
User Access There are two modes of access to the user interface: READ-ONLY and READ/WRITE. READ-ONLY access allows you to view switch information, but not modify any operating parameters. READ/WRITE access allows you to both read and modify switch information. You are required to login with a password before obtaining READ/WRITE access. If no password is entered (press only the [Enter] key), you are logged in with READ-ONLY access.
Factory Defaults Table 3-1 lists the factory default settings for the switch configuration parameters. Each of these parameters can be changed via the console menus or Telnet. Table 3-1.
Menu Hierarchy Figure 3-2 shows the ELS100-24TXM switch user interface menu hierarchy.
Main Menu The Main Menu is the first screen seen after successfully logging in to the system. Figure 3-3 shows the Main Menu and the accompanying table describes the Main Menu. MAIN MENU Access Control: READ/WRITE a. System Configuration Menu b Switch Configuration Menu c. Port Menu d. Switch Statistics Screen e. General Information Screen f. Download Software Menu g. Save Current Configuration h. Return to Default Configuration i. Logout j. Reset x. Previous Menu Enter Selection: Figure 3-3.
System Configuration Menu The System Configuration Menu enables modification of system-level switch configuration parameters. Select a from the Main Menu to view the System Configuration Menu. Figure 3-4 shows the System Configuration Menu and the accompanying table describes the System Configuration Menu. SYSTEM CONFIGURATION a. SNMP Configuration Menu b System Name c. System Location d. System Contact e. IP Address f. Subnet Mask g. Default Gateway h. BootP/DHCP Enable i. Screen Timeout (minutes) j.
SNMP Configuration Menu The SNMP Configuration Menu allows you to modify SNMP-related configuration parameters. Select a from the System Configuration Menu to view the SNMP Configuration Menu. Figure 3-5 shows the SNMP Configuration Menu and accompanying table describes the SNMP Configuration Menu. SNMP CONFIGURATION a. SNMP Private Community Name b. SNMP Public Community Name c. Trap Destination #1 d. Community Name #1 e. Trap Destination #2 f. Community Name #2 g. Trap Destination #3 h.
Switch Configuration Menu The Switch Configuration Menu allows you to modify switching-related configuration parameters. Select b from the Main Menu to view the Switch Configuration Menu. Figure 3-6 shows the Switch Configuration Menu and the accompanying table describes the Switch Configuration Menu. SWITCH CONFIGURATION Access Control: READ/WRITE a. Forwarding Table Configuration Menu b. Spanning Tree Configuration Menu c. VLAN Configuration Menu d. Class of Service Configuration Menu e.
Forwarding Table Configuration Menu The Forwarding Table Configuration Menu allows you to view and modify forwarding table parameters. The MAC address of each forwarding table entry is displayed along with its type, disposition, and associated port number. Select a from the Switch Configuration Menu to view the Forwarding Table Configuration Menu. Figure 3-7 shows the Forwarding Table Configuration Menu and the accompanying table describes the Forwarding Table Configuration Menu.
Selection Description Display Table Redisplays the forwarding table. Make Entry Static Makes a dynamic entry in the forwarding table static. Add Static Entry Adds a static entry to the forwarding table. Delete Static Entry Deletes a static entry from the forwarding table. Modify Static Entry Modifies a static entry from the forwarding table. Search by Port # Performs a search by port number and posts the search results at the top of the screen.
Spanning Tree Configuration Menu The Spanning Tree Configuration Menu allows you to view and modify Spanning Tree parameters. Select b from the Switch Configuration Menu to view the Spanning Tree Configuration Menu. A letter identifies selections that can be modified. All other fields are read-only. Figure 3-8 shows the Spanning Tree Configuration Menu and the accompanying table describes the Spanning Tree Configuration Menu.
Selection Description Spanning Tree Protocol Enable Allows you to enable (Yes) or disable (No) the global Spanning Tree operation on the switch. Port Configuration Menu Provides access to the Spanning Tree Port Configuration Menu. Hello Time (seconds) The time interval between the sending of Configuration BPDUs by the bridge, if it is root (1-10 second range). Forward Delay (seconds) The time interval delay before a port transfers into the forwarding state, if it is root (4-30 second range).
Spanning Tree Port Configuration Menu The Spanning Tree Port Configuration Menu allows you to view Spanning Tree Configuration information for all of the ports in a table format. Select b from the Spanning Tree Configuration Menu to view the Spanning Tree Port Configuration Menu. Figure 3-9 shows the Spanning Tree Port Configuration Menu and the accompanying table describes the Spanning Tree Port Configuration Menu.
Spanning Tree Port #n Configuration Menu The Spanning Tree Port #n Configuration Menu allows you to view Spanning Tree Port Configuration information for an individual port. Select a from the Spanning Tree Port Configuration Menu to view the Spanning Tree Port #n Configuration Menu. Figure 3-10 shows the Spanning Tree Port #n Configuration Menu and the accompanying table describes the Spanning Tree Port #n Configuration Menu. The “Port #n” designation represents the specific port number for configuration.
VLAN Configuration Menu The VLAN Configuration Menu allows you to configure the operation of Virtual LANs (VLANs) in the switch. Select c from the Switch Configuration Menu to view the VLAN Configuration Menu. Figure 3-11 shows the VLAN Configuration Menu and the accompanying table describes the VLAN Configuration Menu. See Appendix D, “Virtual LANs (VLANs)” for more information about this feature. VLAN CONFIGURATION a. VLAN Enable b. VLAN Menu c. VLAN Port Menu Access Control: READ/WRITE No x.
VLAN Menu The VLAN Menu displays the configuration of VLANs in the switch and allows access to the VLAN #n Configuration Menu to create and configure VLANs. Select b from the VLAN Configuration Menu to view the VLAN Menu. Figure 3-12 shows the VLAN Menu and the accompanying table describes the VLAN Menu.
VLAN #n Configuration Menu The VLAN #n Configuration Menu allows you to configure a name for a specific VLAN, add or remove a port in the VLAN, and add or remove an egress port in the VLAN. Select c from the VLAN Menu to view the VLAN #n Configuration Menu. Figure 3-13 shows the VLAN #n Configuration Menu and the accompanying table describes the VLAN #n Configuration Menu. The designation “#n” represents the number of the specific VLAN to be configured.
VLAN Port Menu The VLAN Port Menu displays a table of VLAN configuration information on a per port basis and allows you to modify the VLAN Port Type. Select c from the VLAN Configuration Menu to view the VLAN Port Menu. Figure 3-14 shows the VLAN Port Menu and the accompanying table describes the VLAN Port Menu.
Class of Service Configuration Menu The Class of Service Configuration Menu allows you to configure Class of Service settings for the system as well as to set the Class of Service for VLAN tagged frames. Select d from the Switch Configuration Menu to view the Class of Service Configuration Menu. Figure 3-15 shows the Class of Service Configuration Menu and the accompanying table describes the Class of Service Configuration Menu. CLASS OF SERVICE CONFIGURATION a. Class of Service Enable b.
Port Priority Menu The Port Priority Menu allows you to modify and display a table which shows Class of Service configuration information on a per port basis. Select c from the Class of Service Configuration Menu to view the Port Priority Configuration Menu. Figure 3-16 shows the Port Priority Configuration Menu and the accompanying table describes the Port Priority Configuration Menu.
Port Menu The Port Menu allows you to display information for each port in a table format, as well as to access the Port Configuration Menu. You can also refresh the screen information. Select c from the Main Menu to view the Port Menu. Figure 3-17 shows the Port Menu and the accompanying table describes the Port Menu.
Port Configuration Menu The Port Configuration Menu allows you to configure port settings for a specific port. Select c from the Port Menu to view the Port Configuration Menu. Figure 3-18 shows the Port Configuration Menu and the accompanying table describes the Port Configuration Menu. PORTS 1-5 CONFIGURATION a b. c. d. e. f. Port Name Port Enable Flow Control Enable Auto-negotiation Enable Full Duplex Port Speed Access Control: READ/WRITE Yes No No Yes 100 x.
Switch Statistics Screen The Switch Statistics Screen provides a summary display of port-level statistics, and provides access to the Port Statistics screens. You can also clear or refresh the statistics. Select d from the Main Menu to view the Switch Statistics Screen. Figure 3-19 shows the Switch Statistics Screen and the accompanying table describes the Switch Statistics Screen.
Switch Summary Screen The Switch Summary Screen allows you to display sum total statistics for all ports of the switch. You can also clear or refresh the statistics. Select s from the Switch Statistics Screen to view the Switch Summary screen. Figure 3-20 shows the Switch Summary Screen and the accompanying table describes the Switch Summary Screen. SWITCH SUMMARY Access Control: READ/WRITE Frames Transmitted Frames Received Frames Forwarded Frames Filtered Frames Dropped Frames Errored r. Refresh c.
Port Statistics Screen The Port Statistics Screen allows you to display statistics for each port on the switch. Many of these statistics correspond to the Statistics group of RMON. You can also refresh or clear the statistics. Select s from the Switch Statistics Screen to view the Port Statistics screen. Figure 3-21 shows the Port Statistics Screen and the accompanying table describes the Port Statistics Screen.
Field Description Multicasts Transmitted Total number of multicast frames transmitted on the port. Multicasts Received Total number of multicast frames received on the port. Bytes Transmitted Total number of bytes transmitted on the port. Bytes Received Total number of bytes received on the port. Pause Frames Transmitted Total number of flow control pause frames transmitted on the port. Pause Frames Received Total number of flow control pause frames received on the port.
General Information Screen The General Information Screen allows you to view general system information. Select e from the Main Menu to view the General Information Screen. Figure 3-22 shows the General Information Screen and the accompanying table describes the General Information Screen. GENERAL INFORMATION Access Control: READ/WRITE Software Version Serial Number Base MAC Address Up Time(minutes) Power Up Count 1.00 100 00c0ba000000 12 1 x. Previous Menu Enter Selection: Figure 3-22.
Download Software Menu The Download Software Menu allows you to set up and initiate a software download. Select f from the Main Menu to view the Download Software Menu. Figure 3-23 shows the Download Software Menu and the accompanying table describes the Download Software Menu. DOWNLOAD SOFTWARE a. TFTP Server IP Address b. TFTP File Name c. Start TFTP Download d. Start XMODEM Download Access Control: READ/WRITE 1.2.3.4 x. Previous Menu Enter Selection: Figure 3-23.
Save Current Configuration The Save Current Configuration screen ensures that all changes made to the ELS100-24TXM switch via the console menus will be stored in the event of power outages or power cycles. To save your current configuration, do the following: 1. Select g from the Main Menu to view the Save Current Configuration screen. The following message prompt displays: The current settings will become permanent. All the saved settings will be lost! a. OK x. Cancel and return to the Previous Menu 2.
Reset The Reset screen allows you to perform a switch hardware reset. You are first prompted as to whether or not to save the current switch configuration. To reset the switch, do the following: 1. Select j from the Main Menu to view the Reset screen. The following message prompt displays: Switch will go through a hardware reset. All the current changes that have not been saved will be lost! a. Save changes and Reset b. Don’t save changes and Reset x. Cancel and return to the Previous Menu 2.
4. CONFIGURING & MONITORING THE SWITCH Common Tasks The switch console menus allow you to modify default switch settings and configure the switch for network management. They also allow you to monitor switch performance and status. See Section 3, “ELS100-24TXM User Interface,” for an overview of the menu hierarchy and a description of all menus. The following sections describe common tasks in setting up and operating the ELS100-24TXM switch using the console menus.
Setting Password Protection The ELS100-24TXM switch is factory-configured with access rights to the console menus set to READ/WRITE. This setting allows anyone to use the console menus to modify any operational parameter. To protect the configuration of the switch from unauthorized modification, you should enable password protection to the console menus. To enter a password, do the following: 1. Select Password from the System Configuration Menu and press [Enter]. 2.
Assigning an IP Address To assign an IP address to the switch, do the following: 1. Select System Configuration Menu from the Main menu. 2. Select IP address from the menu and enter the IP address. Press [Enter]. The IP address is now programmed. The subnet mask is automatically set to correspond to the class of the address entered. If a different mask is used on the network, select Subnet Mask from the menu and enter the appropriate mask.
Setting SNMP Management Access Access to the ELS100-24TXM switch through SNMP is controlled by community names. The community names set for the switch must match those used by the SNMP management station for successful communication to occur. The switch uses two community names. The “Public” community name allows read-only access to the device via SNMP. The “Private” community name allows read/write access.
Configuring Port Mirroring You can mirror the traffic being switched on any port for the purposes of network traffic analysis and connection assurance. When Port Mirroring is enabled, one port in each group of eight becomes a monitor port for any one of the other ports within the group. The two ports must be operating at the same speed. To configure port mirroring, do the following: 1. Select Switch Configuration Menu from the Main Menu. 2.
Downloading Via the Serial Port A serial download is the easiest method to upgrade the ELS100-24TXM switch software, requiring the least amount of equipment and configuration. To download switch software via the serial port, do the following: 1. Select Download Software Menu from the Main Menu. 2. Select Start XMODEM Download. The following message prompt displays: Software downloader is running. Software downloader request: Please start XMODEM transfer (9600, N, 1).
4. If necessary, configure the address of an IP gateway to reach the server from the switch using the Default Gateway field on the System Configuration Menu. 5. Configure the TFTP server by copying the download file from the upgrade disk to an appropriate directory and starting the server. 6. Select Start TFTP Download and press [Enter].
Configuring VLANs A virtual LAN (VLAN) is a group of devices on one or more LANs that are configured such that they can communicate as if they were attached to the same wire. Because VLANs are based on logical instead of physical connections, they are extremely flexible. The most fundamental benefit of VLAN technology is the ability to create workgroups based on function rather than on physical location or media. For further information, see Appendix D, “Virtual LANs (VLANs).
To configure Class of Service, do the following: 1. Select Class of Service Configuration Menu from the Switch Configuration Menu. 2. Turn the global switch Class of Service operation on or off by toggling the Class of Service Enable option by pressing a. 3. Select Priority Threshold and type a number between 0 and 7. 4. Select Configure Port Priority. The Port Priority Menu displays. From this menu, individual port priority levels can be configured.
If Auto-negotiation Enable is set to No, the Full Duplex and Port Speed modes need to be configured. If Auto-negotiation Enable is set to Yes, the Full Duplex and Port Speed fields disappear and the system automatically configures these functions. 7. Select Full Duplex to toggle between Yes (Full Duplex) and No (Half Duplex) mode on the port(s). 8. Select Port Speed to toggle between 10Mbps and 100Mbps speeds on the port(s).
To either make an existing dynamic entry static (Make Entry Static) or delete a static entry (Delete Static Entry), do the following: 1. Select the letter associated with the option. The following message prompt displays: Enter MAC Address: 2. Enter the MAC address. Press [Enter]. To either add a static entry (Add Static Entry) or modify a static entry (Modify Static Entry), do the following: 1. Select the letter associated with the option. The following message prompt displays: Enter MAC Address: 2.
Setting a Default Gateway The Default Gateway parameter defines the IP address of a router or other network device to which IP packets are to be sent if destined for a subnet outside of that which the switch is operating. To set a default gateway, do the following: 1. Select System Configuration Menu from the Main Menu. 2. Select Default Gateway. 3. Enter the gateway IP address. Press [Enter].
5. SNMP MANAGEMENT The SNMP Protocol SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is a communication protocol designed specifically for the purpose of managing devices or other elements on a network. Network equipment commonly managed with SNMP includes hubs, switches, routers, and host computers. SNMP is typically used to configure these types of devices for proper operation in their network environment, as well as to monitor them to evaluate their performance and detect potential problems.
There are three main operations defined in SNMP: • Operations that read information from the managed device, such as those used to obtain status or statistical data, are called GET operations. • Operations that change a functional parameter on the device, such as those used to configure Spanning Tree or to initiate a software download, are referred to as SET operations. GET and SET operations are initiated only by the manager software, and result in a response by the agent.
This MIB reports information about the protocols and network interfaces supported on the agent itself, as well as other general information. The MIB is divided into a number of groups, each of which corresponds to a specific protocol or set of information. Some groups are defined in other RFC documents.
Cabletron Systems Proprietary MIB Extensions Areas of ELS100-24TXM switch functionality not covered by the standard RFC MIBs are specified in the Cabletron Systems private MIB. This MIB definition is specified separately from MIB-II. Areas covered in this MIB include various system, switch, and port level information. System information MIB variables are shown in Table 5-1, switch information variables in Table 5-2, and port variables in Table 5-3.
Table 5-1. System Information Variables Variable Description SerialNo Serial number of the unit. TftpIpAddress TFTP server IP address for TFTP downloads. TftpFilename Filename of the download upgrade file on the TFTP server. PowerUpCount Cumulative number of times switch has powered up or been reset. BroadcastCutoffRate Per second rate past which broadcast and destination unknown unicast frames are not flooded on each group of 8 ports on the switch.
Table 5-2 Switch Information Variables (continued) Variable Description SwitchMirroredPort Port to be mirrored from. SwitchMirroringPort Port to be mirroring to. SwitchXmitMirrorEnable Enable/disable mirroring of transmitted traffic out of the mirrored port to the mirroring port. SwitchRcvMirrorEnable Enable/disable mirroring of received traffic into the mirrored port to the mirroring port. SwitchVlanEnable Enable/disable global VLAN operation of switch.
Table 5-3. Port Variables Variable Description PortId Port number or ID. PortStatus Link status of the port. PortDuplexStatus Full/half duplex setting of the port. Not configurable if autonegotiation is enabled. PortName Text name assigned to the port. PortEnable Enable/disable status of the port. PortSpeed Speed the port is operating at. Not configurable if auto-negotiation is enabled. PortAutonegEnable Enable/disable auto-negotiation on the port.
APPENDIX A. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS General Standards Compliance IEEE 802.1D Transparent Bridging Specifications (ISO/IEC 10038) IEEE 802.1p Traffic Class Expediting and Dynamic Multicast Filtering IEEE 802.1Q Virtual Bridged Local Area Networks IEEE 802.2 Local Area Networks, Logical Link Control (LLC) IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD 9 (ISO/IEC 8802-3) IEEE 802.3i 10Base-T (ISO/IEC 8802-3, clause 14) IEEE 802.3u 100Base-TX (ISO/IEC 8802-3, clause 25) IEEE 802.3u 100Base-FX IEEE 802.
Electrical Specifications Input voltage: 100-240 VAC Input frequency: 50-60 Hz Maximum power consumption: 75 VA Physical Height: 1.75 in. (4.4 cm) Length: 16.0 in. (40.6 cm) Width: 17.1 in. (43.4 cm mountable in a standard 19 in. rack) Weight: 10.5 lb. (4.
Port Specifications Console Port Table A-1 shows the console port pin assignments. Table A-1. RS-232 Console Port Pin Assignments Pin Signal Name 1 RTS/CTS 2 TXD 3 RXD 4 DSR 5 Ground 6 DTR 7 DCD 8 DCD 9 Not used 10Base-T and 100Base-TX Ports The ELS100-24TXM switch provides IEEE 802.3u auto-negotiation on its 10Base-T/100Base-TX ports for 10/100 speed and full/half duplex operation. Table A-2 shows the 10Base-T/100Base-TX pinouts. These ports are wired MDI-X.
MDI/MDI-X Crossover Cable Wiring Figure A-1 shows the wiring scheme for implementing a crossover cable if needed for connection to the switch’s 10Base-T or 100Base-TX ports. Such a cable may be required when connecting the switch to another switch or a hub device. Figure A-1. External Crossover Cable Wiring Power Cord Set Requirements The wide-range input feature of the ELS100-24TXM Ethernet switch permits it to operate from any line voltage between 100 and 120 or 200 and 240 VAC.
Country-Specific Requirements Table A-3 lists the power cord set requirements by country and identifies the accredited agency within that country. Table A-3.
APPENDIX B. SPANNING TREE CONCEPTS General The IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol resolves the problems of physical loops in a network by establishing one primary path between any two switches in a network. Any duplicate paths are barred from use and become standby or blocked paths until the original path fails, at which point they can be brought into service.
Spanning Tree Protocol in a Network Figure B-1 illustrates the use of three ELS100-24TXM switches to establish an effective Spanning Tree configuration. Switches A, B and C are connected together in a redundant topology (more than one path between two points). If the connection between A and B goes down, the link between A and C becomes active, thereby establishing a path between A and B through switch C.
Spanning Tree Protocol Parameters Several configuration parameters control the operation of the Spanning Tree Protocol. Table B-1 describes the parameters and lists the ELS100-24TXM switch default settings for each parameter. You can cause serious network performance degradation if you do not fully understand Spanning Tree concepts. Be sure to consult personnel experienced with this process prior to configuring Spanning Tree parameters. Table B-1.
Spanning Tree Protocol Operation When the Spanning Tree Protocol is enabled for the first time or when there is a change in the network topology, such as a failure or the addition or removal of a component, the Spanning Tree Protocol automatically sets up the active topology of the current network. Communicating Between Bridges Periodically, all devices running the Spanning Tree Protocol on a network transmit packets to each other “in care of” the Bridge Group Address which all bridges share.
There are five (5) states that the ports can be in for spanning tree: 9032785 • Blocking: A port in this state does not participate in the transmission of frames, thus preventing duplication arising through multiple paths existing in the active topology of the bridged LAN. • Listening: A port in this state is preparing to participate in the transmission of frames.
APPENDIX C. FLOW CONTROL Flow control is a mechanism which allows you to protect the switch from overload conditions and to keep additional traffic off the network when excessive congestion will result. Figure C-1 illustrates flow control for both half and full duplex applications. Figure C-1. Flow Control for Full and Half Duplex Applications Each port of the switch has a transmit queue which buffers frames to be sent out on that port.
The ELS100-24TXM Port Statistics Screen indicates the number of pause frames that have been sent, indicating the number of times full duplex flow control has occurred. For the full duplex pause frame mechanism to work, the device connected to the switch port must also support IEEE 802.3x flow control. Flow Control is configurable per port in the Port Configuration Menu of the console menu or via SNMP.
APPENDIX D. VIRTUAL LANS (VLANS) VLANs and Frame Tagging The ELS100-24TXM supports IEEE 802.1Q-compliant virtual LANs (VLANs). This capability provides a highly efficient architecture for establishing VLANs within a network and for controlling broadcast/ multicast traffic between workgroups. Central to this capability is an explicit frame tagging approach for carrying VLAN information between interconnected network devices.
If the ELS100-24TXM is so configured, and, if the frame does not already contain a tag, a VLAN identifier is placed in a tag which is appended to frames as they are received by the switch. Within the switch and between switches compliant with IEEE 802.1Q, these identifiers are used to control the destination of broadcast frames, preventing them from being flooded to all connected stations and interfaces.
VLAN Egress Ports The VLAN Egress Ports parameter is used to assign ports to a VLAN for carrying VLAN tagged frames across a network. The assignment of egress ports does not affect the assignment of VLAN IDs to frames entering the switch. However, frames exiting the switch may be sent out the egress ports configured for a specific VLAN ID. Frames exiting the switch via egress ports for a given VLAN are normally tagged.
VLAN Hybrid Ports A VLAN Hybrid port is used to connect one or more VLAN-aware or VLAN-unaware devices to the switch. Both tagged and untagged frames can be received and transmitted on Hybrid ports. Egress ports should typically be configured as Hybrid ports. When a frame with an unlearned source MAC address enters a Hybrid port, the learning of that address and its associated VLAN is dependent on whether the frame is tagged or not.
In Example 3 in Figure D-3B, an untagged frame arrives at the left port (1). The switch tags the frame with the PVID for VLAN X (2). Since the destination MAC address has already been learned as a tagged station on VLAN X on the outgoing port, the frame is sent out with a VLAN X tag. Example 4 in Figure D-3B is similar to Example 3 except that both ports (incoming and outgoing) have a VLAN X PVID. The untagged frame arrives at the incoming port (1) and gets tagged with a VLAN X tag (2).
VLAN Application Example A network administrator can use VLANs to define user groups regardless of the physical LAN segment to which they are connected. The use of Hybrid and Access links can further refine traffic flow in a multi-switch environment. Figure D-4 shows the combination of both Hybrid and Access links used in a network with three different VLANs. Workstations are typically connected to the ELS100-24TXM via Access links.
APPENDIX E. CLASS OF SERVICE Class of Service support on the ELS100-24TXM allows you to assign mission-critical data a higher priority through the switch by delaying less critical traffic during periods of congestion. Higher priority traffic through the switch is serviced first before lower priority traffic. The Class of Service capability of the ELS100-24TXM switch is implemented by a priority queuing mechanism. Class of Service is based on the IEEE 802.
Figure E-1 shows priority queuing operating within a switch. Frames entering the switch through ports 1 and 4 are tagged as normal traffic and placed in a normal priority queue on the outbound port. Frames entering through ports 2 and 5 are tagged as high priority traffic and placed in a high priority queue on the outbound port. Priority queuing can be configured using the Class of Service Configuration Menu in the console interface or via SNMP. Figure E-1.
APPENDIX F.
Term Definition RXD Receive Data SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol STP Spanning Tree Protocol TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol TXD Transmit Data UTP Unshielded Twisted Pair VLAN Virtual Local Area Network WAN Wide Area Network 98 Acronyms & Abbreviations ELS100-24TXM
INDEX 100Base-FX connectors, 24 10Base-T/100Base-TX connectors, 23 10Base-T/100Base-TX pinouts, 77, 79 802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol, 61, 81 802.1D Bridge, 6 802.1p, 95 802.1Q, 90 802.3x, 87, 88 A architecture, 2 auto-negotiation, 9, 45, 46 configuring, 63 B base MAC address, 51 BootP/DHCP, 10 configuring, 66 bridge, 83, 84 communicating between bridges, 84 priority, 36 Broadcast Cutoff Rate configuring, 65 C cable RS-232, 20 certification, 75 Class of Service, 11, 95, 96 802.
I inspecting your shipment, 15 IP address see assigning, 57 L LED mode button, 3, 4, 5 defined, 3 LEDs, 4, 5, 10 local backbone application, 13 login, 26 logout, 29, 53 M MAC addresses, 64 Main Menu, 25, 29 Max Age, 36 MDI/MDI-X Crossover Cable Wiring, 78 MDI/MDI-X crossover cable wiring, 78 MDI-X, 23 Memory, 76 menu hierarchy, 28 MIB, 67, 68, 69, 70, 73 MIB-II, 68 Microprocessor, 76 mirrored port, 32 mirroring port, 32 modes of access read-only and read/write, 26 mounting ears, 17, 18 Mounting the Switch
Spanning Tree Protocol defaults, 83 Standards Compliance IEEE, 75 store-and-forward, 7, 83, 98 subnet mask, 57 Switch Configuration Menu, 29, 32 switch statistics, 58 Switch Statistics Screen, 29, 47 Switch Summary Screen, 48 System Configuration Menu, 29, 30 T Telnet, 25 connecting, 57 terminal, 8, 20, 97 Test LED, 3, 22 defined, 3 TFTP download, 61 TFTP file name, 52 U Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP), 22 Up Time, 51 user access, 26 V Ventilation, 15 VLAN #n Configuration Menu, 41 VLAN Access ports, 42, 9
102 Index ELS100-24TXM
DOCUMENT 591-0046-02A
