User Manual Wireless Flash RF60X
Table of Contents 1. Getting to Know your RF60X 03 2. Caution and Warnings 04 3. Major Specifications 05 4. Package Contents 06 5. Nomenclature 07 6. LCD Panel 08 7. Getting Started 08 8. On-camera Operation: Local Mode 19 9. Wireless Flash: Master and Slave Modes 21 10. Group Aliases 26 11. Advanced Operation 28 12. Personalizing the RF60X 44 13. Working with Cactus Triggers 50 14. External Power 53 15. Forming the Capacitor 54 16. USB Connection 54 17.
1. Getting to Know your RF60X Thank you for purchasing the Cactus Wireless Flash RF60X. The RF60X is unique among other flashes available in the market. With a builtin transmitter and receiver, it not only receives wireless signals, but also functions as a commander to control other RF60X or RF60. The possibilities are endless! This new RF60X features outstanding improvement from its predecessor: –– Exclusive! Cooling mode to prevent RF60X from overheat cut-off; –– Quick full-power recharge time at 1.
–– Compatible with Cactus V6 IIs, V6 II and V6 Wireless Flash Transceivers –– Multi-flash feature 2. Caution and Warnings Before using the product, read the following instructions to ensure correct and safe use and to help prevent damage of the Cactus RF60X. 1. Turn OFF all your equipment (Cactus units, cameras, etc.) before changing batteries or making a connection. 2. Remove batteries and switch off the flash when it is not in use. 3. Use only the batteries specified in this instruction manual. 4.
3. Major Specifications –– Guide Number (ISO 100): Zoom (mm) 24 GN (meter) 33 28 35 50 70 80 34 38 45 51 54 56 108 112 124 147 168 177 183 GN (feet) 105 –– Motor zooms: 24 mm – 28 mm – 35 mm – 50 mm – 70 mm – 80 mm – 105 mm –– Power levels (22 in total): 1/1 1/2 1/4 1/8 1/2+0.3 1/4+0.3 1/8+0.3 1/16+0.3 1/32+0.3 1/64+0.3 1/128+0.3 1/16 1/32 1/64 1/128 1/2+0.7 1/4+0.7 1/8+0.7 1/16+0.7 1/32+0.7 1/64+0.7 1/128+0.7 –– Flash durations (t.
4.
5. Nomenclature WIDE angle diffuser And bounce card Af-Assist light Fresnel lens x Tripod mount 3.
6. LCD Panel Group panel text area zoom level power level increment power LEvel HSS sympathy Mode operating MODEs selection indicators Status bar CHANNEL beep indicator optical slave high temperature warning battery level delay indicator 7. Getting Started 7.1 Inserting Batteries 1. Using your thumb, press on the battery compartment door and slide it open in the direction shown by the arrow.
2. Install the batteries. Make sure the positive (+) and negative (-) battery contacts are properly oriented as shown in the compartment. 3. Slide the battery compartment door in the direction shown by the arrow to close it. Caution: 1. Use a new set of AA batteries of the same brand and type. When replacing batteries, replace all four at the same time. 2. AA-sized alkaline, Ni-MH, or lithium batteries can be used. Use only one type of batteries at a time. Do not mix battery types. 3.
when around 50% of the battery power has been consumed, and the indicator will blink when the flash does not have enough power to fire. Replace batteries immediately when you see the blinking signal. The indicator is not applicable to Ni-MH battery. 5. When the flash is not in use, remove the batteries to prevent possible damage from battery corrosion. 7.2 Attaching the Flash to and detaching it from the Camera 1.
3. To detach the flash, rotate the locking wheel on the mounting foot to the right until it is loosened. 7.3 Turning the Flash On 1. Switch the On/Off Switch to ON. The flash starts charging. 2. Check that the flash is ready. - The flash-ready indicator blinks in red, indicating that the flash is ready for quick flash (see Section 12.4). - Once fully charged, the flashready indicator stays red and the flash is ready to give full power output.
- Press the test flash. button to fire a Caution: 1. When the flash is switched ON but not used, after a certain period of time, the flash’s power turns off automatically. However, the flash still consumes power and batteries discharge over a long period of time, which may damage the battery contacts of the flash. Therefore, shut off the flash power if the flash is not in use. 2.
natural-looking shot. This is called a bounce flash. Tip: When using bounce flash, try to avoid hitting the subject with direct flash light. Make sure the flash head is sufficiently angled away from the subject. The flash head of the RF60X can be tilted up to a vertical angle of 90˚, with click stops at 30˚, 60˚, 75˚, and down at 15˚. Horizontally, it can be rotated up to 180˚ to the right and 90˚ to the left, with click stops at 30˚, 60˚, 90˚, 120˚, 150˚ (right) and 30˚, 60˚ (left).
7.5 Bounce Card and Wide Angle Diffuser There is a bounce card and wide angle diffuser set built in the RF60X. The bounce card and wide angle diffuser can be used separately or at the same time. Tip: The bounce card is useful in bounce flash applications to direct some of the light toward the subject in order to create catch lights and/or soften strong shadows from the bounced light. Using the Bounce Card 1. Point the flash head upward by 90°. 2. Pull out the wide angle diffuser.
Using the Wide Angle Diffuser 1. Pull out the wide angle diffuser and place it over the flash head as shown. The bounce card will come out at the same time. 2. Push the bounce card back in. The flash will illuminate at 18 mm coverage. 7.6 Choosing the Operating Mode There are three operating modes in the RF60X, namely Local, Master, and Slave. Upon switching on the RF60X, press the button to choose the appropriate mode.
7.7 Setting the Channel and the Radio ID When the RF60X units are in the Master or Slave mode, they need to communicate in the same RF wireless channel with each other. To set the channel, press . Then press the button until (short form for channel) is displayed. Use the or button to select the RF channel. Press to go back to the main screen. The selected channel will be shown on the LCD panel.
To change a menu option: button to access 1. Press the the first menu item. 2. Press the button to change the menu subject in the sequence. 3. Press the or button to see each option of a menu item. The configuration of the menu item will change immediately. 4. Press the button to leave and go back to the main screen, or press the button to change the menu to the next item in the sequence.
Menu item and corresponding options Text shown on LCD Applicable modes L M S Beep Feedback - Off - Fn1: Quick Flash - Fn2: Full Charge - Fn3: Insufficient Power Warning √ BEEP - OFF - Fn1 (QCK FL) - Fn2 (READY) - Fn3 (WARN) √ √ LCD Backlight - 15 sec - 1 min - 5 min - Continuous BK LGT - 15 sec - 1 min - 5 min - ON √ √ √ Sleep Timer - Off - 3 min - 5 min - 15 min - 30 min - 60 min SLEEP - OFF - 3 min - 5 min - 15 min - 30 min - 60 min √ √ √ RF Channel - 1-16 CH - 1-16 √ √ Radio ID -
8. On-camera Operation: Local Mode Set up the RF60X in Local mode when you work with one flash on the camera’s hot shoe. In the main screen, the power level is shown on the left while the zoom level is shown on the right. The selection indicator ► will be shown at either the power level or zoom button to level. Press the switch the selection indicator in order to adjust a setting of an item. 8.
The power levels available for adjustment are: 1/1 8.2 1/2 1/4 1/8 1/2+0.3 1/4+0.3 1/8+0.3 1/16+0.3 1/32+0.3 1/64+0.3 1/128+0.3 1/16 1/32 1/64 1/128 1/2+0.7 1/4+0.7 1/8+0.7 1/16+0.7 1/32+0.7 1/64+0.7 1/128+0.7 Adjusting the Zoom Level To adjust the zoom level, press until the selection indicator ► is pointing to the zoom value (i.e., the right figure in the center row). Press to increase or to decrease the zoom level.
9. Wireless Flash: Master and Slave Modes With a built-in Radio Frequency (RF) module, the RF60X has the ability to communicate with other RF60/RF60X units wirelessly. To control and fire the RF60/RF60X wirelessly, set up one RF60X in Master mode and the other RF60/RF60X units in Slave mode. 9.1 Setting up the RF60X Slave 1. Make sure that the RF60X units that you want to control through mode the Master flash are set to (see Section 7.6). 2. Set the units to the same RF channel (see Section 7.7). 3.
9.2 Commanding with the RF60X Master 1. Set the on-camera RF60X to mode by pressing (see Section 7.6). 2. Set the RF60X Master to the same channel as the RF60X Slave units (see Section 7.7). 3. Check the group statuses on the group panel. Only activated group(s) will be shown as A, B, C, or D boxes. Changing Parameters of the Master Flash 4. On the RF60X Master, you can change the power level and zoom level of the Master flash itself, and the RF60X Slave flashes in groups A, B, C, and D. 5.
Changing Parameters of a particular Slave Group 6. To select a particular group for remote control, press and the group selection indicator will go to group A. 7. Press again to select the next group, i.e., group B. Each press of the Group button will select the next group in the following sequence: Master A B C D 8. Adjust the power level of the Master flash or of a particular group using the or button. Press to adjust the zoom level. You can also adjust the zoom level with the or button.
Changing Parameters of all Active Groups 9. You may also change settings for all active groups at the same time. To select all groups, press and hold the button. 10. The selection indicators of all groups will be on and the text area will show . The first activated group in the sequence of Master-A-B-C-D will be chosen as the reference group. 11. Adjust the power and zoom levels as you would for a single group.
Turning on and off a Slave Group 13. If you wish to stop firing a particular group, turn the group off by selecting the group (see steps 6 and 7) and press and hold the button. The screen will show in the center row. Note: The RF60X Master can also be turned off by pressing and holding the button in the Master group. Once turned off, the RF60X Master will not fire, but it will still command the RF60X Slaves, changing their settings and firing them accordingly. 14.
10. Group Aliases The RF60X comes with a list of pre-set group aliases to choose from for the particular slave groups according to the purpose of each. The chosen group alias will be shown in the text area next to the group panel. The group alias will display whenever the group is selected. The group aliases available for selection are: KEY – FILL – SPOT – RIM – HAIR – LEFT – RIGHT – BACK – FRONT 1.
3. Press or to confirm the alias and exit. 4. Repeat steps 1-3 to set aliases in all the Cactus RF60X units. To prevent confusion, make sure that you have set the same alias for the same group in all RF60X units. 5. The alias of each group will appear in Slave mode or Master mode whenever the group is selected.
11. Advanced Operation 11.1 Multi Flash In Multi mode, a rapid series of flashes is fired. It can be used to capture multiple images of a moving subject in a single frame. In • • • • Multi mode, you can change the: Number of flashes in a series Flash frequency per second in Hz Power level Zoom level The number of flashes represents the number of flashes firing in a series caused by a single trigger event. The flash frequency (Hz) represents the number of times the flash fires per second.
For example, if you wish to fire a series of flashes that lasts for 0.5 second at a frequency of 10 times per second (i.e., 10Hz), the number of flashes would be 5. Similarly if you wish to fire 10 flashes at a frequency of 100Hz, the flash series would last for 0.1 second. The flash series duration is usually equal to the shutter speed. However, it may be necessary to use a longer shutter speed that exceeds the flash series duration in order to expose for ambient light.
Hz 10 11 12-14 1/4 2 2 2 2 2 2 1/8 4 4 4 4 4 4 Power 15-19 20-50 60-199 1/16 8 8 8 8 8 8 1/32 20 20 20 18 16 12 1/64 50 40 40 35 30 20 1/128 70 70 60 50 40 40 Notes: 1. Multi flash is most effective with a highly reflective subject against a dark background. 2. Multi flash is not supported at power level higher than 1/4. 3. The Multi flash may be useful when combined with a camera set to bulb mode. 11.1.
until the selection 2. Press indicator ► points to the number of flashes, i.e., the value before the hyphen. 3. Press to increase or to decrease the number of flashes. 4. Press until the selection indicator ► points to the frequency of flashes (Hz), i.e., the value after the hyphen. 5. Press to increase or to decrease the flash frequency per second. 6. To adjust the power level, press until the selection indicator ► points to the power level (see Section 8.1). 7.
11.1.2 Multi Flash in Master and Slave Modes An RF60X in Master mode will cause a Slave RF60X that uses the same RF channel to synchronize to Multi mode settings. 1. To enter Multi mode on the RF60X Master, press until you see displayed as the group name. 2. Press the button once. The LCD of the RF60X Master and Slave units will show and . Both Master and Slave units are now in Multi Flash mode. 3. On the RF60X Master, follow the steps in 11.1.
2. Since Multi mode flashes are not supported in power levels higher than 1/4, any Slave RF60X set at power levels higher than 1/4 will only flash once in Multi mode. 3. Multi mode and HSS Sympathy mode (see Section 11.2) are mutually exclusive options. Pressing the button changes the flash modes in the following sequence: Normal Flash Multi Flash HSS Sympathy Flash 4. On the RF60X Master, Multi mode flashes can only be configured in the Master group.
allows you to use a wider aperture to achieve shallower depth of field while maintaining correct exposure. 11.2.1 Characteristics of HSS Flash Compared with normal single-burst flash, the HSS flash provides continuous and constant illumination for the full duration between the first curtain opening and second curtain closing. The contribution of HSS flash to the exposure of the image is therefore different than that of a normal flash: 1.
Power Level GN (meter) at 105 mm, ISO 100 Normal Flash HSS Flash 1/1 56 28 1/2 40 23 20 1/4 28 1/8 20 17 1/16 14 14 1/32 10 12 1/64 7 10 1/128 5 8 2. The continuous light output in HSS flash does not freeze a moving object as a normal flash would do. Instead, an HSS flash will cause motion blur, much like a continuous light source would. In order to freeze motion using the HSS flash, you need to use high shutter speeds. 3.
11.2.2 Automatic and Manual HSS The RF60X in Slave mode fully supports HSS with Canon, Fujifilm, Nikon, Olympus, Panasonic, Pentax cameras when commanded by the V6 II; or HSS with Sony cameras when commanded by the V6 IIs transceiver. It will automatically sync with camera shutters beyond x-sync speed. However, when the RF60X Slave is commanded by another RF60X, RF60 or V6 TX, it is required to be manually configured (see Section 11.2.4) to sync beyond x-sync speed.
fire a long-pulse HSS flash whenever the shutter speed is faster than the x-sync. It is not necessary to configure the RF60X for automatic HSS in Slave mode. Pressing the button to HSS Sympathy mode is for setting up manual HSS only. 11.2.4 Manual HSS: HSS Sympathy Mode To sync RF60X manually with a camera shutter faster than x-sync speed, you need a TTL flash with HSS / Auto FP capability. 1. Mount the TTL flash on the camera’s hot shoe.
4. Turn on the optical slave trigger of the RF60X Master in S1 (the mode in which the flash is triggered by the first pre-flash, see Section 11.3). Position the RF60X Master with its optical sensor facing the flash head of the TTL flash. 5. Take a test shot by pressing the camera’s shutter release button. 6. If the frame is not evenly illuminated from top to bottom, set the delay timer (see Section 11.4) of the RF60X Master to 10 ms and then 15 ms, 20 ms, etc., until the flash fully fills up the frame.
•• Camera brand: The following delay time ranges are suggested for different camera systems: Camera brand Suggested delay time Canon 52-64 ms Nikon 55-65 ms Sony 90-100 ms Olympus/Panasonic 65-75 ms Pentax 75-82 ms •• F-number: The higher the f-number, the longer the delay time within the range of the particular camera system. •• Dark Band Position: When you see a dark band at the top of the image, increase the delay time. When the dark band appears at the bottom, decrease the delay time. 11.
S1 (FIRST): Triggering on the first pre-flash, or on the main flash if there is no pre-flash. S2 (MAIN): Ignoring pre-flashes and triggering on the main flash. 1. To turn on the optical trigger, press then press the button until the text area shows (short form for optical slave). Use the or button to select S1 (FIRST) or S2 (MAIN) in the selection area. Press or to confirm. 2.
delay timer delays the trigger response for the time period set. If you wish to fire the flash a bit later than the first curtain sync to create a different lighting effect (e.g. to achieve a second curtain sync), the delay timer helps you create the effect. 1. To set the delay timer, press then press the button until is displayed and the selection indicator ► points to the value in ms. 2. Use the or button to set the delay timer from 1 millisecond (ms) to 99 seconds (sec). 3.
bar whenever a delay timer has been set. 5. To turn off the delay timer, follow steps 1-3 to set the delay time to 0. The delay timer indicator will then disappear from the status bar on the main screen. 11.5 AF-assist The RF60X is equipped with an autofocus (AF) assist LED. The power level of the AF-assist light can be adjusted to best suit your working environment. 1.
3. In Local or Master mode, use AF-assist continuous light. Press and then press the button until (short form for AF-assist Continuous mode) is displayed. Use the or button to turn on or off the AF-assist continuous mode. 4. In Slave mode, the RF60X will synchronize the AF-assist command with the V6 II or V6 IIs in TX mode, or the RF60X in Master mode. No setup is required.
12. Personalizing the RF60X 12.1 Thermal Cooling To avoid the abrupt overheat cut-off after a series of bursts in full power, RF60X has an exclusive cooling mode to manage the temperature inside the flash body by regulating the recycle time. Cooling Mode ON: The shortest flash recycle time will be applied only when the RF60X is within moderate temperatures. The cooling mode will regulate the recycle time with reference to the temperature inside the flash body.
1. To turn on the cooling mode, press and then press the button until the text area shows (short form for cooling mode). 2. Use the or button to turn on or off the cooling mode. 12.2 LCD Backlight The LCD backlight of the RF60X turns on whenever any button is pressed. In order to conserve energy, there is a timer setting that automatically turns off the backlight. 1. To configure the backlight duration, press , and press until the text area shows (short form for LCD backlight).
3. Press to confirm and configure other items, or press to confirm and leave. 12.3 Sleep Timer To conserve energy when you forget to switch off the RF60X after use, the sleep timer will switch the RF60X into sleep mode after a specified period. 1. To configure the sleep timer, press , and press a few times until the text area shows . Then use the or button to choose from OFF, 3 min, 5 min, 15 min, 30 min, or 60 min. 2. The option will deactivate the sleep mode. 3.
12.4 Quick Flash The quick flash option enables firing the RF60X even though the flash capacitor is not fully charged. However, the flash output may be lower than specified on the RF60X menu. Enable the quick flash option when speed is more important than the accuracy of power output. Disable the quick flash option when accuracy is your primary concern. 1. To enable or disable the quick flash option, press , and then until the text area shows (short form for quick flash).
12.5 Beep Feedback In addition to the flash ready indicator, the built-in buzzer of the RF60X can also notify you when the flash is ready according to your custom settings. Choose from the following options to best fit your shooting requirements: OFF RF60X does not beep in any circumstance. Fn1* (QCK FL): Quick Flash RF60X beeps when the flash is ready to emit light, albeit not yet at the specified level. Fn2 (READY): Full Charge RF60X beeps when the flash is ready to fire at the specified level.
1. To configure the beep option, press , and press until the text area shows . Then use the or button to choose from OFF, Fn1 (QCK FL), Fn2 (READY) or Fn3 (WARN). 2. When choosing the options with the or button, the abbreviation for each option will be shown in the text area. 3. Press to confirm and configure other items, or press to confirm and leave. 4. The beep indicator will appear in the status bar whenever Fn1, Fn2, or Fn3 is selected.
13. Working with Cactus Triggers The RF60X is compatible with Cactus Wireless Flash Transceivers V6 series, V5, and Laser Trigger LV5. V6 Series CAMERA V5 RF60X/RF60 SENSOR 13.1 EMITTER Cactus V6 Series In Slave mode, the RF60X can be commanded by the Cactus V6 series (including V6 IIs, V6 II and V6). In Master mode, the RF60X can command V6 only. 13.1.1 RF60X as Slave With a built-in Cactus V6 RF module, the Cactus RF60X can be remotely commanded and triggered by the V6 series TX.
Note: Cactus V6 series can specify up to 1/10EV stop and communicate it with the RF60X; however, the RF60X would only display the nearest 1/3EV stop. You may combine an RF60X with other V6-compatible TTL flashes to form a manual flash control system. For example, assign a RF60X to group A, Canon 580EX (with a V6 II RX) to group B, Nikon SB-900 (with another V6 II RX) to group C. The V6 II TX will be able to trigger them all and set their power levels in either relative or absolute power mode.
Check the table below for the features supported in each pairing option: TX (Master) RX (Slave) 13.2 Notes V6 II, V6 IIs, V6 RF60X, RF60 √ Triggering Slaves (RX) in 4 groups. √ Changing the power level and zoom level of Slaves (RX) in 4 groups. √ Power levels adjustable from 1/128 to 1/1 full power, in the power ratio of 1/10EV, 1/3EV, 1/2EV, or 1EV (although the RF60X/RF60 will only display the nearest 1/3 stop). V6 II, V6 IIs RF60X √ Automatic HSS for various camera systems.
Since the V5 and LV5 do not support groups and remote power control, the RF60X Master will trigger all V5s, independent of which group it considers active. Similarly, both the V5 and LV5 will trigger any RF60X Slave, independent of what group it has been assigned to. 14. External Power The external power source provides faster recycling times and more flash counts per battery cycle.
15. Forming the Capacitor When your flash is new or when it has not been used for a certain period of time, the capacitor may have lost its full potential to store electricity. When this occurs, you can “form” the capacitor as follows: 1. Switch on the RF60X in Local mode with fresh batteries. 2. Adjust the flash to full power. 3. Allow the ready light to glow 15 seconds to 20 seconds first. 4. Fire the flash using the button. 5. Repeat steps 3-4.
the connected RF60X and start the upgrade. Please visit www.cactus-image.com/ rf60x.html for more information. Caution: Do not connect the RF60X to any AC power supply through the USB port. 17. Optional Accessories 1. Diffuser Cap DC-60 2. External Battery Pack EP-1 3. Wireless Flash Transceiver V6 IIs / V6 II / V6 4. Wireless Laser Trigger LV5 5. 60cm Foldable Soft Box CB-60 / CB-60S / CB-60W 6. Fiberglass 40” Umbrella F-401 / F-402 / F-403 7. Collapsible 45” Umbrella C-451 / C-452 / C-453 8.
1. Flash capacitor not charging Symptom Possible Cause Solution No Flash Batteries are Ready Signal installed in wrong direction Install batteries in the correct direction Batteries are nearly depleted or have already been used up Replace them with a new set of AA batteries Too many flashes have been fired in a short interval Allow the flash to rest for at least 15 minutes Temperature warning signal appears in LCD display 2.
4. Slave flash does not fire Symptom Possible Cause Solution Flash Ready Channel mismatch LED blinks or stays on, but the flash Group mismatch does not fire Set Slave flash to the same channel as the Master flash Make sure the group assigned to the Slave flash has been activated on the Master flash Background radio interference - Set all units to another channel or radio ID (see Section 7.
5. Flash does not fire in sync with camera Symptom Possible Cause Solution Black frame appears in pictures or frame is only partially illuminated Shutter speed - Adjust the camera’s shutter is faster than speed to the the camera’s maximum x-sync supported x-sync limitation speed - Set up the RF60X in Auto HSS or Manual HSS (see Section 11.2) Delay timer has been set incorrectly Turn off the delay timer or adjust the delay timer to the correct sync time (see Section 11.4) 6.
7. Flash power lower than specified Symptom Possible Cause Solution Insufficient Flash fires when it is not Power fully charged Warning beeps (if enabled) - Turn off Quick Flash (see Section 12.4) - Allow the flash to recharge fully Ready Signal takes longer than usual to turn on Replace batteries with a new set of AA batteries Batteries are nearly depleted or have already been used up 19.Notices NOTICES FOR CUSTOMERS IN THE U.S.A.
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. • Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver. • Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. • Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void your authority to operate the equipment.
is in conformity with the essential requirements and other relevant requirements of the R&TTE Directive (1999/5/EC). This product, Cactus Wireless Flash RF60X, is in conformity with the provisions of EU Council Directive: 1999/5/EC. The crossed-out wheeled bin means that within the European Union the product must be disposed separately at the end of the product cycle. Do not dispose thisproduct with other municipal waste.
20. Warranty The limited warranty set forth below is given by Harvest One Limited with respect to the Cactus brand Wireless Flash purchased with this limited warranty.
NO IMPLIED WARRANTY, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, APPLIES TO THE WIRELESS FLASH AFTER THE APPLICABLE PERIOD OF THE EXPRESS LIMITED WARRANTY STATED ABOVE, AND NO OTHER EXPRESS WARRANTY OR GUARANTY, EXCEPT AS MENTIONED ABOVE, GIVEN BY ANY PERSON OR ENTITY WITH RESPECT TO THE WIRELESS FLASH SHALL BIND HARVEST ONE LIMITED.
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