Reference Guide

Tutorial 4 – Playing and recording software
instruments
Software instruments, which are also referred to as soft synths, are a major part of computer music. Our
goal in this tutorial is to add a software instrument to a project. We'll explore a few different ways they can
be used with SONAR and look at some options to really make the most of them.
A brief history
For our purposes, a synth has two basic functions:
• Receive a digital message
• Make a sound based on the information contained in that message
In the early 1980's, all of the major manufacturers of keyboards and drum machines got together to
decide on a way for their products to work well with each other. Since they all operated under some
version of the two functions listed above, it was a simple goal.
They needed to standardize what messages were used to represent particular expressions. For
example: if it was a drum machine, everyone would need to use the C note for the bass drum, the D note
for the snare drum and so on. That way, messages sent from one drum machine can be fed to another
made by a different company. It will play the same beat, but using the drum sounds from the different
module.
The standard they established is known as MIDI (usually pronounced [mid-ee]). As soon as computers
entered the scene, it was clear that there could (and should) be a way to connect a synth and send MIDI
messages to it from a software sequencer. That's how Cakewalk was born. Our first application was a
DOS program that would allow a user to edit the MIDI data in detail, and play it out to a connected synth.
You could also record the events from a performance into the computer.
Things have evolved a lot since then. As computers have grown more powerful, the capabilities of
Cakewalk software have expanded. Computers are now so fast that software companies are able to
make synths and drum machines that are completely software-based. They are essentially the guts of a
keyboard in a computer program.
See:
Adding an instrument track to your project
Recording MIDI
Note: Feel free to skip to the next section if you want to start using synths right away.