Reference Guide

MIDI Files
The Standard MIDI file format is a file interchange format defined by the MIDI Manufacturers
Association (MMA). The purpose of the format is to allow for the exchange of MIDI data between
different programs. Any program that can read and write MIDI files has a common language with
which to talk to other MIDI software. The compact size of MIDI music files makes them particularly
useful for delivering music online.
SONAR can open standard MIDI files, and can save your projects in standard MIDI file formats. Note
that only the MIDI portion of your projects is saved in a standard MIDI file. If your projects contain
digital audio, the audio portion of the project will be lost when you save it to a standard MIDI file.
SONAR supports two different MIDI file formats, MIDI Format 0 and MIDI Format 1. Format 0 MIDI
files contain a single track, with all events stored in that track. Format 1 MIDI files can store up to
7256 tracks, just like SONAR project files. When you load a MIDI Format 0 file, SONAR splits it into
16 separate tracks, based on the MIDI channels assigned to each event. When you save a project to
a MIDI Format 0 file, SONAR collapses MIDI information from all of its tracks into one single track.
SONAR also lets you save and load files in the RIFF MIDI file format. This is a standard Resource
Interchange File Format specification that encapsulates a Standard MIDI File of either format 0 or
format 1. These files typically have an extension of .rmi.
Note: If you load a standard MIDI file into SONAR, SONAR strips out any initial volume and
pan settings and sets the volume and pan controls for any affected tracks to those values. Initial
volume and pan settings in a standard MIDI file are those that occur within the first measure.
Any affected volume and pan controls will show the initial values that SONAR loaded from the
standard MIDI file. Any volume and pan controls that are not affected, in other words that don’t
have initial values stored in the file, will show their current values in parentheses. These controls
are disabled until you move one of them and therefore give it a value, at which point the control
becomes enabled and the parentheses disappear. If you save a file as a standard MIDI file,
SONAR saves the values of all enabled controls as initial values. However, as a project plays,
SONAR’s controls do not display MIDI controller values that change throughout the track—
SONAR’s controls only display automation values, i.e. shapes. If you want SONAR’s controls to
display MIDI controller values throughout the project, use the Edit > Convert MIDI to Shapes
command.