CS475, CS476 and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor Revision: 7/13 C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 0 9 - 2 0 1 3 C a m p b e l l S c i e n t i f i c , I n c .
Warranty “PRODUCTS MANUFACTURED BY CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC. are warranted by Campbell Scientific, Inc. (“Campbell”) to be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and service for twelve (12) months from date of shipment unless otherwise specified in the corresponding Campbell pricelist or product manual. Products not manufactured, but that are re-sold by Campbell, are warranted only to the limits extended by the original manufacturer.
Assistance Products may not be returned without prior authorization. The following contact information is for US and international customers residing in countries served by Campbell Scientific, Inc. directly. Affiliate companies handle repairs for customers within their territories. Please visit www.campbellsci.com to determine which Campbell Scientific company serves your country. To obtain a Returned Materials Authorization (RMA), contact CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC., phone (435) 227-9000.
Table of Contents PDF viewers: These page numbers refer to the printed version of this document. Use the PDF reader bookmarks tab for links to specific sections. 1. Introduction .................................................................1 2. Cautionary Statements...............................................1 3. Initial Inspection .........................................................2 4. Quickstart ....................................................................2 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.
Table of Contents 8.1.2 Check Unit Response ................................................................. 22 8.1.3 Check for Valid Data.................................................................. 22 8.1.4 Cyclic Redundancy Check ......................................................... 23 8.1.4.1 Check CRC for Valid Data .............................................. 23 8.1.5 Get Units .................................................................................... 24 8.1.
Table of Contents B-4. B-5. SDI-12 transparent mode on CR10X datalogger using control port 1 and changing SDI-12 address from 0 to 1 ........................B-10 SDI-12 transparent mode on CR10X-PB table-based datalogger using control port 1 and changing SDI-12 address from 0 to 1 ..B-11 Tables 4-1. 4-2. 4-3. 4-4. 4-5. 4-6. 5-1. 7-1. 7-2. 8-1. 8-2. 8-3. 8-4. 8-5. A-1. B-1. B-2. B-3. B-4. B-5. B-6. Default Settings....................................................................................
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CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 1. Introduction The CS475, CS476, and CS477 are radar-ranging sensors that monitor the water level of rivers, lakes, tidal seas, and reservoirs. They output a digital SDI-12 signal to indicate distance and stage. Many of our dataloggers can read the SDI-12 signal. Before using these radar sensors, please study • • • 2.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 3. Initial Inspection When unpacking the equipment, do the following: 4. • Unpack the unit in a clean, dry area. • Inspect the equipment for any damage that occurred during shipping or storage. • If the equipment is damaged, file a claim against the carrier and report the damage in detail. Quickstart This Quickstart uses the default settings (see TABLE 4-1), which are used in most circumstances. TABLE 4-1. Default Settings NOTE 4.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor TABLE 4-2. Radiation Beam Spread for CS475 (10° Beam Angle) Distance in Meters Diameter of Footprint in Meters 1 0.18 5 0.87 10 1.76 15 2.64 20 3.53 TABLE 4-3. Radiation Beam Spread for CS476/CS477 (8° Beam Angle) Distance in Meters Diameter of Footprint in Meters 1 0.14 5 0.70 10 1.41 15 2.11 20 2.81 30 4.216 70 (CS477 only) 9.84 3. Securely mount the sensor. 4.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor CS475 CS476/CS477 2 1 FIGURE 4-1. Polarization markings (see TABLE 4-4 for label descriptions) TABLE 4-4. Description of Polarization Markings Labels 4.2 Sensor Description 1 CS475 Polarization marks are designated by the mounting loop screws. 2 CS476/CS477 Polarization mark is machine-tooled.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor TABLE 4-5. Example of a Start False Echo Learn Command Initial Command Response 0XSFEL+2.500! 02001 Where (from left to right), Where (from left to right), 0—sensor’s address; 0—sensor’s address; 2.500—the water surface distance. 200—the amount of time (in seconds) that you must wait before sending the send data command; 1—the number of values that will be placed in the buffer. 4.3 Subsequent Command Response 0D0! 0+2.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor Subsequent Command 0D0! Where the first zero is the sensor address. This is the send data command. 4.4 6 Command Response 0+7.010 Where (from left to right), 0—sensor’s address; 7.010—the initial water depth value used to calculate subsequent stage measurements. Step 4 — Use SCWin Short Cut to Program Datalogger and Generate Wiring Diagram 1. Open Short Cut and click on New Program. 2. Select a datalogger and scan interval.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 3. Under Generic Measurements, select SDI-12 Sensor then click the right arrow to add it to the list of sensors to be measured. 4. A properties window will appear. In this window, enter Stage and Feet for the First Result; Distance and Feet for the Second Result, and ErrorCode for the Third Result.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 5. 5. Choose the outputs and then select Finish. 6. Wire according to the wiring diagram generated by Short Cut. Overview The CS475, CS476, and CS477 emit short microwave pulses and measure the elapsed time between the emission and return of the pulses. The elapsed time measurement is used to calculate the distance between the sensor face and the target (for example, water, grain, slurry). The distance value can be used to determine depth.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor These radar sensors output a digital SDI-12 signal to indicate distance and stage. This output is acceptable for recording devices with SDI-12 capability including Campbell Scientific dataloggers. Three sensor models are available that differ in their measurement range and accuracy. The CS475 can measure distances up to 65 feet with an accuracy of ±0.2 inches; the CS476 can measure up to 98 feet with an accuracy of ±0.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 5.1 Components and Hardware The radar sensor consists of an integrated microwave transmitter and sensor together with a horn antenna (see FIGURE 5-2 and TABLE 5-1). The horn antenna serves to focus the transmitted signal and to receive the reflected echo. A built-in SDI-12 interface provides data processing and SDI-12 communications with the datalogger. (A) 3 2 1 4 5 (B) 3 2 6 4 7 5 FIGURE 5-2.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 6.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 6.1 Accuracy CS475: CS476: CS477: ±5 mm (±0.2 in) ±3 mm (±0.1 in) ±15 mm (±0.6 in) Resolution: 1 mm (0.0033 ft) Output Protocol: SDI-12 Radar Unit Frequency: ~26 GHz Electromagnetic Compatibility: Emission to EN 61326; Electrical Equipment Class B Pulse Energy: 1 mW maximum Beam Angle CS475: CS476, CS477: 10° (3-in dia horn) 8° (4-in dia horn) Power Requirements Input Voltage: Surge Protection: 9.6 to 16 Vdc 1.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 6.3 Physical See FIGURE 6-2 and FIGURE 6-3 for dimensions. Rating: NEMA 4x Housing Material: Aluminum, coated IP66/68 Horn Material: 316L stainless steel Weight CS475: CS476/CS477: 2 kg (4 lb) 4.3 kg (9.4 lb) 86 mm (3.4 in) 129 mm (5.1 in) 86 mm (3.4 in) 122 mm (4.8 in) 15 mm (0.6 in) 75 mm (3 in) 115 mm (4.5 in) FIGURE 6-2.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 86 mm (3.4 in) 86 mm (3.4 in) 585 mm (23 in) 430 mm (16.9 in) 95 mm (3.7 in) FIGURE 6-3.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 7. Installation Before installing the radar sensor, you must consider all the suggested guidelines for site and maintenance issues. Do not attempt to install the sensor unless you are qualified to perform the installation. The sensor is designed for safe operation in accordance with the current technical, safety, and ANSI standards. CAUTION 7.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 7.2 Sensor Alignment 7.2.1 Vertical Use a user-supplied bubble level or the 25619 bubble level to make certain the antenna horn is aligned within 1° of vertical. The cap needs to be removed when using the 25619. If the antenna is not vertical, a trigonometric measurement error can occur with respect to the water. The maximum range is reduced because of the off-axis return signal. 7.2.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor TABLE 7-1. Wiring Diagram CR800, CR850, CR1000, CR3000, CR10(X), CR510, CR500 CR23X CR5000 CR200(X) Odd Numbered Control Port (C1, C3…) Odd Numbered Control Port (C1, C3…) Odd Numbered Control Port (C1, C3…) SDI-12 C1/SDI-12 12V 12V Battery+ G G Color Description White SDI-12 Signal Clear Chassis Ground Red +12V (Power Supply for Sensor) 12V 12V Black Ground G G G 7.4.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 7.5.1 CRBasic Dataloggers that are programmed with CRBasic include the CR200(X) series, CR800, CR850, CR1000, CR3000, and CR5000. These dataloggers use the SDI12Recorder() instruction to read the sensor. The SDI12Recorder() instruction should only be ran in the sequential mode. The values returned from the SDI12Recorder() instruction are different depending on the SDI-12 measurement command issued.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 7.5.1.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor Parameter 5 — Multiplier Parameter 6 — Offset NOTE Edlog allocates only one of the input locations needed for this instruction. Three input locations are required for this sensor. The additional input locations must be inserted manually using the Input Location Editor. For information on manually inserting input locations, refer to Manually Inserting Input Locations in the Edlog help. 7.5.2.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 8. Diagnostics, Repair, and Maintenance 8.1 Testing Procedure The test procedures for the sensor require the following steps: 1. Double check all wiring connections. 2. Connect the sensor to your datalogger and apply +12V power. 3. Compare the Output Stage versus the Actual Stage using the Start Measurement command followed by the Send Data command (see Section 8.1.1, Start Measurement Command). 4. Send the Acknowledge Active command (see Section 8.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor • Stage—the water level as measured in meters or feet. This measurement is calculated using the Water Stage Setting and the Units setting. • Distance—the distance between the sensor and water surface. This value will be reported in either meters or feet, depending on the Units setting. • Diagnostic Values—an error code. For example, Code 0 = OK, Code 13 = error E013 (see Section 8.2, Diagnostics and Repair). TABLE 8-1.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor • Manufacturer’s Model Number: PS61 (CS475), PS62 (CS476), or PS63 (CS477) • Three Digit Firmware Version Number. • Eight Digit Serial Number of Sensor. TABLE 8-3. Send Identification Command Initial Command Response aI! a13VEGAbbbbPS6233212345678 Where (from left to right), a—sensor address; 13—SDI-12 compatibility number; VEGA = Manufacturer’s Name; PS62 = Manufacturer’s Model Number; 3.32 = Sensor Version Number; Serial Number = 12345678.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor TABLE 8-4 shows an example of checking the CRC. TABLE 8-4. Checking CRC Example Initial Command Response 0V! 00013 Where 0 is the sensor’s address. Where (from left to right), 0—sensor’s address; 001—the amount of time (in seconds) that you must wait before sending the send data command; 3—the number of values that will be placed in the buffer.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 8.2 Diagnostics and Repair The radar sensor is extremely reliable, but problems can occur during operation. Most of these problems are caused by the following: • Sensor • Environmental conditions • Power supply • Signal processing When you encounter a problem with the radar sensor, check the error messages from the aM!, followed by the aD0! command to help evaluate the issue. NOTES 1.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor The electronics module is replaced by doing the following steps (see FIGURE 8-1 and TABLE 8-5): NOTE 1. Unscrew the housing cap (cap is not shown in FIGURE 8-1). 2. Remove all wires that are attached or plugged into the electronics and note their location for reassembly. 3. Loosen the two screws securing the electronics to the housing (3 in FIGURE 8-1). These screws are captive screws and will remain nested with the electronics. 4.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 2 3 3 1 4 5 FIGURE 8-1. Changing the electronics (see TABLE 8-5 for label descriptions) TABLE 8-5. Description of Changing the Electronics Labels Description 8.3 1 Red Wire 2 Housing Top View 3 Screws to Secure Electronics to Housing 4 Electronics 5 Housing Side View Maintenance The sensors are maintenance free under normal operation.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 28
Appendix A. Replacing the Cable The sensor is fitted with a cable for connection to the datalogger. The following procedure is for replacing the original cable (see FIGURE A-1 and TABLE A-1). 1. Unscrew the housing side compartment screw cap. 2. Loosen the cord grip on the cable entry. 3. Remove approximately 4 inches (10 cm) of the cable mantle. 4. Strip approximately 0.4 inches (1 cm) of the insulation from the end of the individual wires. 5.
Appendix A. Replacing the Cable (A) 1 (B) 18 17 16 2 15 14 13 3 (C) (D) 4 7 6 12 5 8 9 11 10 FIGURE A-1. Connecting the instrument housing (see TABLE A-1 for description of labels) TABLE A-1.
Appendix B. SDI-12 Commands/ Changing Settings The SDI-12 commands are entered using the 25616, Adjustment/Display Module, or the terminal emulator in LoggerNet or PC400 (see Appendix B.2, Using Terminal Emulator and a Datalogger to Send Commands). These commands are also used in CRBasic or Edlog programming (see Section 7.5, Programming). SDI-12 commands have three components: Sensor address (a) – a single ASCII character, and is the first character of the command.
Appendix B. SDI-12 Commands/Changing Settings TABLE B-1.
Appendix B. SDI-12 Commands/Changing Settings B.1 SDI-12 Command Descriptions B.1.1 Start False Echo Learn The Start False Echo Learn command is an essential function during the startup of the sensor. It is also used during testing if a problem is encountered. The command allows the unit to learn about false echoes (noise) in the area. With the False Echo Learn command, you enter the actual distance to the water surface, as measured in meters or feet, depending on the unit setting.
Appendix B. SDI-12 Commands/Changing Settings TABLE B-3. Example of Setting Address Initial Command Response 0A1! Where 0 is the original address and 1 is the new address. 1 The new address (1) is set in response. B.1.4 Set Units The distance measurement can be reported in feet (default) or meters. Change the units by first using the aXSU+n! command (where n = 1 (feet) or 0 (meters)) followed by the aXGU! (Get Units) command.
Appendix B. SDI-12 Commands/Changing Settings The factory default water conditions are set to 1, which is smooth. The water condition settings should closely mimic the actual water conditions during normal river flow. Change this setting by first using the aXSWC+n! command (where n=0 (custom), 1 (smooth), 2 (medium), or 3 (rough)) followed by the aXGWC! (Get Water Conditions) command. TABLE B-5 shows an example of the command and response for changing this setting. TABLE B-5.
Appendix B. SDI-12 Commands/Changing Settings Change this setting by first using the aXSPOM+n! command (where n=1 (on), 2 (auto), or 0 (off)) followed by the aXGPOM! (Get Power Mode) command. TABLE B-6 shows an example of the command and response for changing this setting. TABLE B-6. Example for Setting Power Operation Mode Initial Command Response 0XSPOM+2! 00011 Where, Where (from left to right), 0—sensor’s address; 0—sensor’s address; 2—the new power mode setting (2 = auto).
Appendix B. SDI-12 Commands/Changing Settings are used to enter transparent mode with PC200W and PC400 software after accessing the terminal emulator as previously described. B.2.2 CR200(X) Series Datalogger Example 1. Connect a single sensor to the datalogger as follows: • White to Control Port C1/SDI12 • Black, Orange, Clear to G • Red to Battery + 2. In the LoggerNet Connect screen navigate to the Datalogger menu and select Terminal Emulator. The “Terminal Emulator” window will open.
Appendix B. SDI-12 Commands/Changing Settings B.2.3 CR1000 Datalogger Example 1. Connect a single sensor to the datalogger as follows: • White to Control Port C1 • Black, Orange, Clear to G • Red to 12V 2. In the LoggerNet Connect screen navigate to the Datalogger menu and select Terminal Emulator. The “Terminal Emulator” window will open. In the Select Device menu, located in the lower left-hand side of the window, select the CR1000 station. 3. Click on the Open Terminal button. 4.
Appendix B. SDI-12 Commands/Changing Settings will change its address and the datalogger will respond with the new address. To exit SDI-12 transparent mode, press the Esc key or wait for the 60 second timeout, then select the Close Terminal button. B.2.4 CR10X Datalogger Example 1. Connect a single sensor to the datalogger as follows: • White to Control Port C1 • Black, Orange, Clear to G • Red to 12V 2.
Appendix B. SDI-12 Commands/Changing Settings FIGURE B-4. SDI-12 transparent mode on CR10X datalogger using control port 1 and changing SDI-12 address from 0 to 1 B.2.5 CR10X-PB Table-Based Datalogger Example 1. B-10 Connect a single sensor to the datalogger as follows: • White to Control Port C1 • Black, Orange, Clear to G • Red to 12V 2. Download a datalogger program that contains the SDI-12 Recorder (P105) instruction with valid entries for each parameter.
Appendix B. SDI-12 Commands/Changing Settings 8. To change the SDI-12 address, enter the command aAb!; where a is the current address from the above step and b is the new address. The sensor will change its address and the datalogger will exit the SDI-12 Transparent Mode. 9. Activate the SDI-12 Transparent Mode on Control Port 1 again by entering *8#1 . Verify the new SDI-12 address by entering the ?! command. The sensor will respond with the new address. 10.
Appendix B.
Appendix C. FCC/IC Equipment Authorization (USA/Canada only) The CS475, CS476, and CS477 are FCC compliant (FCC IC # M01PULS616263). Modifications to the sensors must have express agreement from Campbell Scientific. Any modifications not approved by Campbell Scientific will cause the expiration of the operating license issued by the FCC/IC. The radar sensor is in conformity with Part 15 of the FCC directives and fulfills the RSS-210 regulations.
Appendix C.
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