RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather Revision: 12/13 C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 0 6 - 2 0 1 3 C a m p b e l l S c i e n t i f i c , I n c .
Warranty “PRODUCTS MANUFACTURED BY CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC. are warranted by Campbell Scientific, Inc. (“Campbell”) to be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and service for twelve (12) months from date of shipment unless otherwise specified in the corresponding Campbell pricelist or product manual. Products not manufactured, but that are re-sold by Campbell, are warranted only to the limits extended by the original manufacturer.
Assistance Products may not be returned without prior authorization. The following contact information is for US and international customers residing in countries served by Campbell Scientific, Inc. directly. Affiliate companies handle repairs for customers within their territories. Please visit www.campbellsci.com to determine which Campbell Scientific company serves your country. To obtain a Returned Materials Authorization (RMA), contact CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC., phone (435) 227-9000.
Table of Contents PDF viewers: These page numbers refer to the printed version of this document. Use the PDF reader bookmarks tab for links to specific sections. 1. Introduction .................................................................1 2. Getting Started ............................................................3 3. Station Siting and Orientation ...................................6 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 General Description .................................................................
Table of Contents 4.5.2 2-D WindSonic (optional) .......................................................... 14 4.5.2.1 General Description......................................................... 14 4.5.2.2 Wiring.............................................................................. 15 4.5.2.3 Maintenance .................................................................... 15 4.5.2.4 Calibration ....................................................................... 15 4.5.2.5 Troubleshooting.......
Table of Contents 5.6.3 5.6.4 5.6.5 Maintenance................................................................................27 Calibration...................................................................................27 Troubleshooting ..........................................................................27 6. Desiccant ...................................................................27 7. References ................................................................28 8. RAWS Orientation.......
Table of Contents 4-5. 4-6. 4-7. 5-1. SDI-12 Connector (color coded yellow)............................................ 15 CS100-QD Wiring............................................................................. 16 FM/FT Connector (color coded brown) ............................................ 18 GOES Transmitter Connections ........................................................
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather 1. Introduction The RAWS-F Fire Weather Quick Deployment Station is a lightweight, preconfigured station that can be set up in less than 10 minutes—without tools (see Section 2, Getting Started). The aluminum environmental enclosure houses a 12 V rechargeable battery and a CR1000 datalogger mounted to a 6 ft tripod. The outside of the enclosure has color-coded, keyed connectors (FIGURE 1-1) for attaching the sensors.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather RF antenna TE525 (adjust level) CS300-QD is behind the TE525 Crossarm (face north to south) Upper mast HC2S3-QD housed in 41003-5 radiation shield Yagi antenna for TX320 satellite Lower mast GPS antenna (used with TX320) SP10/20-QD (facing equator) Level adjustment lever Stake anchor holes FIGURE 1-2. RAWS-F Quick Deployment Weather Station. Some wiring not shown.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather 2. Getting Started Set up and test your station before field deployment (Appendix A). Level the RAWS to ensure the sensors are level. Level the rain gage by adjusting the rain gage leveling screw. A post level and compass ship with the station (pn 16670). NOTE Keep this manual and the CR1000KD Keyboard Display with the RAWS. Review the station siting and orientation section before field deployment.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather CR1000KD packed in foam (may go here) (1) Connect battery Battery SC12 Cable TX320 GOES Transmitter VSP3 Vosponder (2) Turn on CH100 RF Radio CS100 Barometer CR1000 Datalogger CR1000 power in CR1000 Wiring Panel FIGURE 2-1. Inside environmental enclosure (optional equipment shown) NOTE 4 The RAWS-F comes pre-programmed, but this program does NOT include user-specific GOES-ID parameters.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather NOTE Use the CR1000KD Keyboard Display to see the “Public Variables” shown in TABLE 2-1.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather 19 Clockgood True or False: True after GPS fix and CR1000 clock has been set to match TX320 clock 20 TimeToXmit Seconds until transmit time. Indicates CR1000 and TX320 are properly setup and running 21 SWR Standing Wave Ratio (SWR), only after a transmission. Indicates condition of antenna and cable. SWR should be less than 2.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather 3.3 Precipitation A rain gage should be located over an open level area covered by short grass, or where grass does not grow, the natural earth surface. Level the RAWS station to ensure the sensors are level. Level the rain gage by adjusting the rain gage leveling screw. A post level and compass ship with the RAWS (pn 16770). NOTE 3.4 Take off the funnel and remove the rubber band securing the tipping bucket mechanism during transport.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather A station log should be maintained for each weather station that includes equipment model, serial numbers, and maintenance that was performed. NOTE 4.2 Contact Campbell Scientific, phone (435) 227-9000, for an RMA number before returning sensor or equipment for service. Air Temperature and Relative Humidity 4.2.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather 4.2.2 Wiring The HC2S3 attaches to the connector labeled TEMP/RH, which is color coded orange. This sensor is internally wired from the RAWS connector panel to the CR1000. TABLE 4-1. TEMP/RH Connector (color coded orange) Connector Pin Description CR1000 Terminal A Temperature H 1L B Sensor Excitation VX1 C Sensor Signal L/ D Power Ground G E RH Signal 1H F Switched 12 V SW_12V 4.2.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather FIGURE 4-2. Rain gage and CS300-QD pyranometer 4.3.2 Wiring The TE525-LQ attaches to the connector labeled PRECIP, which is color coded blue. This sensor is internally wired from the RAWS connector panel to the CR1000. TABLE 4-2. PRECIP Connector (color coded blue) Connector Pin Description CR1000 Terminal A Tipping Bucket C6 B 5V 5V C Ground G 4.3.3 Maintenance The rain gage funnel and bucket mechanism must be kept clean.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather 4.3.5 .3.5 Troubleshooting If a problem is suspected, check the sensor cable. Disconnect the connector and use a digital volt meter (DVM) to check the resistance between Pin A (sensor signal) and Pin C (sensor ground). The resistance should read as an open circuit until you move the rain gage tipping mechanism where the magnet swings past the reed relay. Try connecting a substitute sensor.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather 4.4.2 Wiring The CS300-LQ attaches to the connector labeled SOLAR RAD SDI-12; this connector is color coded green. The pyranometer is internally wired from the RAWS connector panel to the CR1000. TABLE 4-3.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather 4.5 .5 Wind Speed and Direction 4.5.1 Wind Sensor 4.5.1.1 General Description The Met One Wind Sensor (pn 034B-QD) shown in FIGURE 4-4 is an integrated cup anemometer and wind vane. The anemometer consists of three cups that sense the wind speed. These cups rotate on a vertical shaft that magnetically activates a sealed reed switch. The reed switch opens and closes at a rate proportional to wind speed. The wind direction is sensed by a vane.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather 4.5.1.2 Wiring The 034B-LQ attaches to the connector labeled WS/WD; this connector is color coded red. The sensor is internally wired from the RAWS connector panel to the CR1000. TABLE 4-4. WS/WD Connector (color coded red) Connector Pin Description CR1000 Terminal A Sensor Ground B Wind Direction Excitation VX2 C Wind Direction Signal 2H D Power Ground G E +12 V Power 12V F Wind Speed Signal P1 4.5.1.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather Blue north marker arrow FIGURE 4-5. 2-D WindSonic 4.5.2.2 Wiring The WindSonic4-LQ attaches to the connector labeled SDI-12; this connector is color coded red. The sensor is internally wired from the RAWS connector panel to the CR1000. TABLE 4-5. SDI-12 Connector (color coded yellow) Connector Pin Description CR1000 Terminal A SDI-12 Signal C7 B 12 V 12V C Power Ground G 4.5.2.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather 4.5.2.5 Troubleshooting If a problem is suspected, check the sensor cable. Disconnect the connector and look for damaged pins. Try connecting a substitute sensor. Should the 2-D sonic sensor be damaged, fails to output data, or sends a nonzero diagnostic, obtain an RMA number before returning this sensor to Campbell Scientific for repair. 4.6 Barometric Pressure (optional) 4.6.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather 4.6.3 Maintenance Since the CS100 is semi-sealed, minimum maintenance is required. Change the RAWS enclosure desiccant regularly; failure to protect the CS100 sensor from condensation may result in permanent damage. CAUTION The CS100 is sensitive to static when the back plate is removed. To avoid damage, take adequate anti-static measures when handling this sensor. 4.6.4 Calibration Recalibrate the CS100 Barometric Pressure Sensor annually.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather FIGURE 4-7. CS516-QD Fuel Moisture/Fuel Temperature 4.7.2 Wiring The CS516-LQ attaches to the connector labeled FM/FT, which is color coded brown. This sensor is internally wired from the RAWS connector panel to the CR1000. TABLE 4-7.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather 4.7.4 Calibration For most applications, it is unnecessary to calibrate the CS516-QD Fuel Moisture and Fuel Temperature Sensor. However, for those users that are interested in calibrating this sensor, please contact a Campbell Scientific Applications Engineer. 4.7.5 Troubleshooting If a problem is suspected, check the sensor cable. Disconnect the connector and look for damaged pins. Verify the CS506 sensor element is securely fastened.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather 5.1.3 Maintenance An occasional cleaning of the glass improves the solar panel’s efficiency. 5.1.4 Calibration No calibration is required. 5.1.5 Troubleshooting If a problem is suspected, the solar panel may be checked by measuring the voltage output from the solar panel. Check the voltage with a voltmeter connected between the two leads going to the CH100’s “CHG” “CHG” terminals located inside the environmental enclosure (15 to 28 Vdc).
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather 5.2.2 Wiring The leads from the RAWS connector panel “BATT CHARGER/SOLAR PANEL” connector COLOR CODED PURPLE are wired to the CH100 “CHG” terminals. Polarity does not matter; either lead can be connected to either terminal. The charge indicating diode should be “ON” when voltage to the charging circuitry (CHG Terminals) is present.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather No voltage output implies a bad solar panel, regulator, or battery. If problems persist, obtain an RMA number and return the device to Campbell Scientific for repair. NOTE 5.3 Power out (+12 terminals) is controlled by the CH100 ON-OFF switch position. Battery 5.3.1 General Description Two power supply options are offered for the RAWS-F.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather 5.3.5 Troubleshooting If a problem is suspected, measure the +12 V and Ground terminal on the CR1000 printed circuit board wiring panel. Acceptable readings are +11 to +14 Vdc. Use PC200W software to collect the 1-HR data table from the CR1000 datalogger and review the historical record of battery voltage. 5.4 GOES Transmitter (Optional) 5.4.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather FIGURE 5-2. GOES transmitter 5.4.2 Wiring The TX320 is mounted inside the RAWS environmental enclosure and the transmitter connections are described below. TABLE 5-1. GOES Transmitter Connections TX320 Connector Connects to CS I/O CR1000 CS I/O port via SC12 cable (shipped with the RAWS-F) GPS GPS antenna cable RF Out GOES antenna cable Green Power Port Battery Cable Junction Connector 5.4.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather 5.4.4 Calibration No calibration is required. 5.4.5 Troubleshooting If a problem is suspected, the TX320 may be checked by measuring the +12 V and Ground terminal on the CR1000 PC-board wiring panel. Acceptable readings are +11 to +14 Vdc. Check the SC12 cable connection between the CR1000 wiring panel and the TX320. Press the TX320 diagnostic button to query the state of the transmitter.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather 5.5.3 Maintenance There are no user-serviceable parts on the CR1000KD. No maintenance is required. 5.5.4 Calibration No calibration is required. 5.5.5 Troubleshooting If a problem is suspected, the CR1000KD may be checked by connecting the CR1000KD to the CR1000 PC board 9-Pin “CS I/O” connector using our 9-pin serial cable (pn 10873). The CR1000KD display should be visible. Check the CH100’s ON-OFF switch.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather FIGURE 5-5. Printed circuit board wiring panel connector ID 5.6.2 Wiring The CR1000 is mounted inside the RAWS environmental enclosure and fastened to the CR1000 printed circuit board wiring panel; connect 12 V power to the CR1000 printed circuit board wiring panel green power connector. The CH100’s ON-OFF switch applies power to the 12 V terminals. 5.6.3 Maintenance There are no user-serviceable parts on the CR1000. No maintenance is required. 5.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather 7. References General guidelines for site selection are listed below. EPA, (1987): On-Site Meteorological Program Guidance for Regulatory Modeling Applications, EPA-450/4-87-013, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711. WMO, (1983): Guide to Meteorological Instruments and Methods of Observation, World Meteorological Organization, No. 8, 5th edition, Geneva, Switzerland.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather FIGURE 8-1.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather FIGURE 8-2. A declination angle east of True North (positive) is subtracted from 360 (0) degrees to find True North FIGURE 8-3. A declination angle west of True North (negative) is subtracted from 0 (360) degrees to find True North 8.2 USGS Web Calculator The USGS provides an easy way of determining the declination of a specific site.
RAWS-F Remote Automated Weather Station for Fire Weather FIGURE 8-4. USGS web calculator In the example above the declination for Logan, UT is 12º 24′ or 12.4º. As shown in FIGURE 8-4, the declination for Utah is east (positive), so True North for this site is 360 ─ 12.4 = 347.6 degrees. The annual change is 7 minutes west per year or ─7 minutes/year.
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Appendix A. Assemble the RAWS-F Station Solar panel should face the equator.
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Campbell Scientific Companies Campbell Scientific, Inc. (CSI) 815 West 1800 North Logan, Utah 84321 UNITED STATES www.campbellsci.com • info@campbellsci.com Campbell Scientific Africa Pty. Ltd. (CSAf) PO Box 2450 Somerset West 7129 SOUTH AFRICA www.csafrica.co.za • cleroux@csafrica.co.za Campbell Scientific Australia Pty. Ltd. (CSA) PO Box 8108 Garbutt Post Shop QLD 4814 AUSTRALIA www.campbellsci.com.au • info@campbellsci.com.au Campbell Scientific do Brasil Ltda. (CSB) Rua Apinagés, nbr.
